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Research News 5 Concentrated on the Research Work Being Carried out at Apethorpe Their Significance Hall in Northants

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Research News 5 Concentrated on the Research Work Being Carried out at Apethorpe Their Significance Hall in Northants NEWSLETTER OF THE ENGLISH HERITAGE RESEARCH DEPARTMENT Inside this issue... Introduction ...............................2 RESEARCH DEVELOPING METHODOLOGIES NEWS Mapping Domesday Book using GIS ....................................3 Developing Project Management for the Historic Environment research ............8 NEW DISCOVERIES AND © English Heritage, NMR_24072_008 © English Heritage, INTERPRETATIONS The culvert and medieval pond at Hailes Abbey, Gloucestershire ...................... 10 Dispersed farmsteads on the southern Mendip Hills escarpment – the earthwork evidence .................................. 14 East Tilbury: a utopia in the Thames Gateway? ................ 16 THE APETHORPE HALL RESEARCH PROGRAMME Apethorpe Hall: from royalty to rogues ................................. 20 Apethorpe excavations ........ 24 NOTES & NEWS ................. 27 NEW PUBLICATIONS & The historic settlement and surrounding military RESEARCH DEPARTMENT heritage at East Tilbury village - story on page 16 REPORTS LIST ....................... 32 NUMBER 8 SPRING 2008 ISSN 1750-2446 RESEARCH THEMES AND PROGRAMMES A Discovering, studying and defining historic assets and Research News 5 concentrated on the research work being carried out at Apethorpe their significance Hall in Northants. In this issue further insights on Apethorpe are reported, coming A1 What’s out there? Defining, from excavation work by the Archaeological Projects Team which revealed evidence characterising and analysing the historic environment for some of the earlier phases of the house, and the investigation of one of the later A2 Spotting the gaps: Analysing stages in its life – its use as an approved school between 1949 and 198. During the poorly-understood landscapes, areas restoration work, the evidence for the latter period, the classrooms, graffiti, and the and monuments partitions and ceilings have been almost completely swept away. As we report here, A3 Unlocking the riches: Realising the however, this has not gone without record – Sid Vicious appears in Research News for potential of the research dividend the first and probably the last time! B Studying and establishing the socio-economic and other values and needs of the In these pages we have frequently highlighted the application of new methodologies to historic environment and work in the historic environment. This issue is no exception. MoRPHE (Management those concerned with it of Research Projects in the Historic Environment) is the new set of guidelines for B1 Valuing the historic environment: Quantifying the economic and social project management within the sector, developed within Research Department, which value of historic assets now underpins the structure of our own projects and those we commission from others B2 Gauging the mood: Establishing through our grant programmes. Among new technical applications the potential of GIS perceptions and attitudes to the for the analysis of the myriad data in Domesday Book shows huge promise for the historic environment development of understanding of this most basic and unique early medieval source. B3 Understanding the needs: Delivering sector intelligence Elsewhere Research Department Teams have been responding to a number of issues. C Engaging and developing diverse audiences It is predicted that the kind of flooding which affected so much of the Midlands last C1 Opening Doors: Understanding year will increase in frequency. The planning of flood mitigation measures at Hailes public participation in the historic Abbey necessitated an archaeological evalution, which has revealed evidence for environment past water control measures. The great development of the Thames Gateway will C2 Making Friends: Building understanding and appreciation have a great impact on existing settlements, altering their character. One such place through education and outreach is East Tilbury where two very contrasting types of settlement have been surveyed. Similarly at Manningham in Bradford much needed urban renewal will alter the D Studying and assessing the risks to historic assets and historic character of this township. Work here will contribute to the informed devising responses conservation of the area. On a wider scale, our Maritime Team have been looking at D1 Heritage at risk: Quantifying and ways of reducing the threat to Britain’s protected historic shipwreck sites. analysing the historic environment D2 Measuring threat: Studying the reasons for risk and developing The continuing Mendip Hills AONB Survey has examined the character of dispersed responses settlement in the Region, and new work throws up unexpected results, like the D3 Keeping it safe: Protection and re-identification of the architect responsible for the restoration of the church at conservation Mansfield Woodhouse. Research Department staff continue to contribute to D4 Rescue! Threat-led last resort analysis education and training, in this case through participation in an MA course in E Studying historic assets and archaeological illustration. improving their presentation and interpretation Christopher Scull E1 Presenting the past: Research to inform the presentation to the public Research Director of historic places Research and Standards Group F Studying and developing information management F1 Navigating the resource: Developing standards for Historic Environment Records F2 Wired! Studying and developing information management G Studying and devising ways of Research News appears three times per year. making English Heritage and Published February 2008. © English Heritage 2008. 75% the sector more effective Edited by Tony Wilmott. Designed by Vincent Griffin. G1 Sharpening the tools: Developing new techniques of analysis and Printed by Hawthornes on ‘Take 2 Silk’ recycled paper. understanding Product code 51407. G2 Defining the questions: Devising research strategies, frameworks and Comment should be sent to Tony Wilmott at: English Heritage, agenda Fort Cumberland, Fort Cumberland Road, Eastney, Portsmouth, PO4 9LD. G3 Impact and effectiveness: Measuring Cert no. SGS-COC-003231 outcomes and effectiveness of Telephone: 023 9285 6700. Fax: 023 9285 6701. English Heritage and the sector Email: [email protected] DEVELOPING METHODOLOGIES RESEARCH THEMES AND PROGRAMMES Mapping Domesday Book F using GIS New technology will allow more detailed interrogation and analysis of one of England’s most important and iconic medieval documentary sources. Domesday Book is one of the most iconic and did not address information about documents of medieval England. It is the landholders at all. record of the detailed survey made in 1086 of all the land held by William the Conqueror Further rigorous analysis of the geography of and his chief tenants. Put simply, Domesday Domesday-era England has been hampered Book describes the tax assessments and by the sheer bulk and complexity of the values of manors, a wide range of the document. But now, by combining a previously resources pertaining to those manors, and unavailable database with Geographic who held them both in 1066 and in 1086. Information Systems (GIS) software, it has proved possible to begin to examine this rich A great deal of information from Domesday source of information about a key period of Book was mapped by H. C. Darby and his English history in new ways. collaborators in the Domesday Geography series – volumes rightly recognised as Between 1983 and 1986, a team led by landmarks in the study of Domesday Book Robin Fleming and funded by the United and in the historical geography of England. States National Endowment for the But Darby’s Domesday Geographies had a Humanities and the University of California limited approach to dealing with Domesday at Santa Barbara created a comprehensive statistics, had static, fairly small-scale maps, database of the placename, landholding © English Heritage Domesday places in the four county study area identified by points and polygons Density of non-servile © English Heritage population across the four counties in 1086 and statistical information contained in different types of information are recorded Domesday Book, excluding the counties of in Domesday Book, and all of her variables Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex. have been retained. These variables record everything from the form of tenure by which The data were captured for use on mainframe one Anglo-Saxon thegn held land from computers and required a sophisticated another in 1066, to the number of female understanding of computer programming to slaves belonging to an estate, to the amount analyse. In the days before the widespread of meadow recorded in acres, to the number availability of appropriate hardware and of eels rendered from a fishery, to the value of software, public dissemination was not a manor in pounds, shillings and pence in considered. Fleming used the data extensively 1086. The pilot database contains about 400 in her work in the late 1980s and early 1990s, different variables, roughly a quarter of the but as her research interests changed and total number in Fleming’s full dataset. computer technology developed, the data became less and less useful and accessible. Incorporating the data into a GIS requires The data then lay dormant for over a decade. spatial representations of the places named in Domesday Book. Domesday Book does In 2006, Fleming agreed to make available not describe actual settlements – the villages, the data from four Domesday counties hamlets and farms in which the people of – Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire,
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