Open Educational Resources Basic Concepts, Challenges, and Business Models
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CNRS ROADMAP for OPEN SCIENCE 18 November 2019
CNRS ROADMAP FOR OPEN SCIENCE 18 November 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 4 1. Publications 6 2. Research data 8 3. Text and data mining and analysis 10 4. Individual evaluation of researchers and Open Science 11 5. Recasting Scientific and Technical Information for Open Science 12 6. Training and skills 13 7. International positioning 14 INTRODUCTION The international movement towards Open Science started more than 30 years ago and has undergone unprecedented development since the web made it possible on a global scale with reasonable costs. The dissemination of scientific production on the Internet, its identification and archiving lift the barriers to permanent access without challenging the protection of personal data or intellectual property. Now is the time to make it “as open as possible, as closed as necessary”. Open Science is not only about promoting a transversal approach to the sharing of scientific results. By opening up data, processes, codes, methods or protocols, it also offers a new way of doing science. Several scientific, civic and socio-economic reasons make Just over a year ago, France embarked on this vast transfor- the development of Open Science essential today: mation movement. Presented on 4 July 2018 by the Minister • Sharing scientific knowledge makes research more ef- of Higher Education,Research and Innovation, the “Natio- fective, more visible, and less redundant. Open access to nal Plan for Open Science”1 aims, in the words of Frédérique data and results is a sea change for the way research is Vidal, to ensure that “the results of scientific research are done, and opens the way to the use of new tools. -
Is Sci-Hub Increasing Visibility of Indian Research Papers? an Analytical Evaluation Vivek Kumar Singh1,*, Satya Swarup Srichandan1, Sujit Bhattacharya2
Journal of Scientometric Res. 2021; 10(1):130-134 http://www.jscires.org Perspective Paper Is Sci-Hub Increasing Visibility of Indian Research Papers? An Analytical Evaluation Vivek Kumar Singh1,*, Satya Swarup Srichandan1, Sujit Bhattacharya2 1Department of Computer Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA. 2CSIR-National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, New Delhi, INDIA. ABSTRACT Sci-Hub, founded by Alexandra Elbakyan in 2011 in Kazakhstan has, over the years, Correspondence emerged as a very popular source for researchers to download scientific papers. It is Vivek Kumar Singh believed that Sci-Hub contains more than 76 million academic articles. However, recently Department of Computer Science, three foreign academic publishers (Elsevier, Wiley and American Chemical Society) have Banaras Hindu University, filed a lawsuit against Sci-Hub and LibGen before the Delhi High Court and prayed for Varanasi-221005, INDIA. complete blocking these websites in India. It is in this context, that this paper attempts to Email id: [email protected] find out how many Indian research papers are available in Sci-Hub and who downloads them. The citation advantage of Indian research papers available on Sci-Hub is analysed, Received: 16-03-2021 with results confirming that such an advantage do exist. Revised: 29-03-2021 Accepted: 25-04-2021 Keywords: Indian Research, Indian Science, Black Open Access, Open Access, Sci-Hub. DOI: 10.5530/jscires.10.1.16 INTRODUCTION access publishing of their research output, and at the same time encouraging their researchers to publish in openly Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has become one accessible forms. -
From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of Scholarly Communication
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc. Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2019 From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of Scholarly Communication Rob Johnson Research Consulting Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/scholcom Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons, Scholarly Communication Commons, and the Scholarly Publishing Commons Johnson, Rob, "From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of Scholarly Communication" (2019). Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.. 157. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/scholcom/157 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc. by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Insights – 32, 2019 Plan S and the future of scholarly communication | Rob Johnson From coalition to commons: Plan S and the future of scholarly communication The announcement of Plan S in September 2018 triggered a wide-ranging debate over how best to accelerate the shift to open access. The Plan’s ten principles represent a call for the creation of an intellectual commons, to be brought into being through collective action by funders and managed through regulated market mechanisms. As it gathers both momentum and critics, the coalition must grapple with questions of equity, efficiency and sustainability. The work of Elinor Ostrom has shown that successful management of the commons frequently relies on polycentricity and adaptive governance. The Plan S principles must therefore function as an overarching framework within which local actors retain some autonomy, and should remain open to amendment as the scholarly communication landscape evolves. -
Radical Solutions and Open Science an Open Approach to Boost Higher Education Lecture Notes in Educational Technology
Lecture Notes in Educational Technology Daniel Burgos Editor Radical Solutions and Open Science An Open Approach to Boost Higher Education Lecture Notes in Educational Technology Series Editors Ronghuai Huang, Smart Learning Institute, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Kinshuk, College of Information, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA Mohamed Jemni, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia Nian-Shing Chen, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu, Taiwan J. Michael Spector, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA The series Lecture Notes in Educational Technology (LNET), has established itself as a medium for the publication of new developments in the research and practice of educational policy, pedagogy, learning science, learning environment, learning resources etc. in information and knowledge age, – quickly, informally, and at a high level. Abstracted/Indexed in: Scopus, Web of Science Book Citation Index More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11777 Daniel Burgos Editor Radical Solutions and Open Science An Open Approach to Boost Higher Education Editor Daniel Burgos Research Institute for Innovation & Technology in Education (UNIR iTED) Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR) Logroño, La Rioja, Spain ISSN 2196-4963 ISSN 2196-4971 (electronic) Lecture Notes in Educational Technology ISBN 978-981-15-4275-6 ISBN 978-981-15-4276-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4276-3 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. -
Open Access Publishing
Open Access The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Suber, Peter. 2012. Open access. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. [Updates and Supplements: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap/ Open_Access_(the_book)] Published Version http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/open-access Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10752204 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA OPEN ACCESS The MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series Information and the Modern Corporation, James Cortada Intellectual Property Strategy, John Palfrey Open Access, Peter Suber OPEN ACCESS PETER SUBER TheMIT Press | Cambridge, Massachusetts | London, England © 2012 Massachusetts Institute of Technology This work is licensed under the Creative Commons licenses noted below. To view a copy of these licenses, visit creativecommons.org. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. This book incorporates certain materials previously published under a CC-BY license and copyright in those underlying materials is owned by SPARC. Those materials remain under the CC-BY license. Effective June 15, 2013, this book will be subject to a CC-BY-NC license. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. -
A Topological Space for Design, Participation and Production. Tracking Spaces of Transformation
The Journal of Peer Production New perspectives on the implications of peer production for social change Journal of Peer Production Issue 13: OPEN http://peerproduction.net — ISSN 2213-5316 A TOPOLOGICAL SPACE FOR DESIGN, PARTICIPATION AND PRODUCTION. TRACKING SPACES OF TRANSFORMATION Sandra Álvaro Sánchez ‘Space of transformation’ is a concept borrowed from Serres’ communication theory and here redefined after the evolution of the post-digital milieu and the materialistic critique of the same. Hackerspaces, fablabs, medialabs and other shared machines shops are defined here as spaces of transformation, places for the encounter between humans and non-humans, where disciplines are bridged together, hitherto severed, giving place to collective practices related to education, production and society. Shared machine shops are sited locally but also connected globally. Online, they share innovative forms of production, education and collective organization, giving place to a complex ecosystem. This article presents an analysis of the topology of this ecosystem conducted by means of tracking and visualizing the online interactions between the hackerspaces listed at the platform Hackerspaces.org. The application of network analysis is aimed to answer the research questions: First, how shared machine shops are locally and globally connected? Second, what links hackerspaces among them and these with new social issues? The concept of shared machine shops as spaces of transformation and the study of their mutual relations allows for an understanding of the transformative capacity of these spaces and how they are producing a new space for social innovation through its mutual interchange of information. Keywords: hackerspaces, network analysis, design, social innovation, space of transformation development of new organizational forms related to By Sandra Álvaro Sánchez peer-production, and the prototyping of new material products, linked to entrepreneurship and Download as PDF innovation, as well as, of new educational projects. -
Peer-Production Online Communities Infrastructures Melanie Dulong De Rosnay
Peer-production online communities infrastructures Melanie Dulong de Rosnay To cite this version: Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Peer-production online communities infrastructures. First Conference on Internet Science, Apr 2013, Brussels, Belgium. pp.65-68. hal-00833476 HAL Id: hal-00833476 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00833476 Submitted on 12 Jun 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Peer-production online communities infrastructures Melanie Dulong de Rosnay CNRS Institute for Communication Sciences 20 rue Berbier-du-Mets 75013 Paris, France [email protected] Abstract—This article analyses peer-production online copyright law, encryption technologies or contracts to restrict communities according to their technical and governance access and control reuse. The market approach reestablishes architectures level of centralization and decentralization. Peer- artificial scarcity and excludability by controlling access and production online communities can be defined as projects or reproduction, leading to a “second -
Open Educational Resources-Anonymity Vs. Specificity
European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning http://www.eurodl.org/?article=245 Open Educational Resources – anonymity vs. specificity Bernd Remmele [[email protected]] WHL - Graduate School of Business and Economics, Center for Applied Further Education Research, Hohbergweg 15-17, 77933 Lahr, Germany [http://www.whl-lahr.de] Abstracts English Open Educational Resources are a recent concept in regard of the organisation of world wide sharing of educational materials and tools. This concept is oriented at the model of OpenSource software production or Wikipedia. Also for institutions like the UNESCO or the OECD, which are interested in the development of OER, it is the main question how OER can be used on a scale as global as possible, and how relevant international co-operation and usage can be initiated. However OER are having some problems to reach a similar grade of effectiveness, because there are some crucial organisational and interactional differences to these successful open networks. One main problem is the tension between the openness and anonymity of digital information and the specificity of educational resources, which are usually made to fit into a specific teaching/learning context. German Open Educational Resources stellen ein neues Konzept des weltweiten Austauschs von Lehr-/Lernmaterialien und Hilfsmitteln hierfür dar. Dieses Konzept ist strukturell vom Modell der Produktion von OpenSource Software oder Wikipedia beeinflusst. Auch für Organisationen wie die UNESCO oder die OECD, die sich für die Entwicklung von OER interessieren, besteht eine Hauptfrage darin, wie OER möglichst global genutzt werden können, und wie diesbezügliche Kooperationen initiiert werden können. Allerdings erscheint es für OER problematischer, einen ähnliches Maß an Effektivität hervorzubringen wie die genannten offenen Netzwerke, da es hier erhebliche organisationale und interaktionale Unterschiede gibt. -
D2.3 Transport Research in the European Open Science Cloud 29
Ref. Ares(2020)5096102 - 29/09/2020 European forum and oBsErvatory for OPEN science in transport Project Acronym: BE OPEN Project Title: European forum and oBsErvatory for OPEN science in transport Project Number: 824323 Topic: MG-4-2-2018 – Building Open Science platforms in transport research Type of Action: Coordination and support action (CSA) D2.3 Transport Research in the European Open Science Cloud Final Version European forum and oBsErvatory D2.3: Transport Research in the European Open Science Cloud for OPEN science in transport Deliverable Title: Open/FAIR data, software and infrastructure in European transport research Work Package: WP2 Due Date: 2019.11.30 Submission Date: 2020.09.29 Start Date of Project: 1st January 2019 Duration of Project: 30 months Organisation Responsible of Deliverable: ATHENA RC Version: Final Version Status: Final Natalia Manola, Afroditi Anagnostopoulou, Harry Author name(s): Dimitropoulos, Alessia Bardi Kristel Palts (DLR), Christian von Bühler (Osborn-Clarke), Reviewer(s): Anna Walek, M. Zuraska (GUT), Clara García (Scipedia), Anja Fleten Nielsen (TOI), Lucie Mendoza (HUMANIST), Michela Floretto (FIT), Ioannis Ergas (WEGEMT), Boris Hilia (UITP), Caroline Almeras (ECTRI), Rudolf Cholava (CDV), Milos Milenkovic (FTTE) Nature: ☒ R – Report ☐ P – Prototype ☐ D – Demonstrator ☐ O – Other Dissemination level: ☒ PU - Public ☐ CO - Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission) ☐ RE - Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) 2 | 53 European forum and oBsErvatory D2.3: Transport Research in the European Open Science Cloud for OPEN science in transport Document history Version Date Modified by (author/partner) Comments 0.1 Afroditi Anagnostopoulou, Alessia EOSC sections according to EC 2019.11.25 Bardi, Harry Dimopoulos documents. -
LIBER Open Science Roadmap Table of Contents
EUROPE’S RESEARCH LIBRARY NETWORK LIBER Open Science Roadmap Table of Contents 04 5. OPEN SCIENCE SKILLS 24 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY About LIBER 05 · Opportunities & Challenges 24 Introduction 06 · Recommendations 25 Cultural Change 09 Main Priorities 10 6. RESEARCH INTEGRITY 26 · Opportunities & Challenges 26 12 · Recommendations 27 SEVEN FOCUS AREAS 1. SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING 14 7. CITIZEN SCIENCE 28 · Opportunities & Challenges 14 · Opportunities & Challenges 28 · Recommendations 16 · Recommendations 29 2. FAIR DATA 18 30 LOOKING FORWARD · Opportunities & Challenges 18 · Recommendations 19 32 OPEN SCIENCE CHAMPIONS · Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 34 3. RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES & · National Library of Finland 36 THE EUROPEAN OPEN SCIENCE CLOUD 20 · Ruder Bošković Institute Library 38 · Opportunities & Challenges 20 · Spanish National Research Council 40 · Recommendations 21 · Svetozar Markovic University Library 42 · University of Barcelona 44 4. METRICS & REWARDS 22 · University College London 46 · Opportunities & Challenges 22 · University Library of Southern Denmark 48 · Recommendations 23 50 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 51 CREDITS About EXECUTIVE LIBER LIBER (Ligue des Bibliothèques Européennes By 2022, we envision a world where: de Recherche – Association of European Re- SUMMARY search Libraries) represents 430 university, • Open Access is the predominant form of national and special libraries in 40 countries, publishing; making us Europe’s largest research library • Research Data is Findable, Accessible, network. Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR); • Digital Skills underpin a more open Our 2018-2022 Strategy, Powering Sus- and transparent research life cycle; tainable Knowledge in the Digital Age, • Research Infrastructure is participatory, outlines how libraries can prepare them- tailored and scaled to the needs of the Embracing Open Science is critical if we LIBER has shaped its 2018-2022 Strategy1 selves for coming changes in the research diverse disciplines; are to make science more collaborative, to support and enable Open Science and landscape. -
Peer Production: a Form of Collective Intelligence.” in Hand- Book of Collective Intelligence, Edited by Thomas Malone and Michael Bernstein
THIS IS A PRE-PRINT VERSION OF PUBLISHED BOOK CHAPTER.THE FINAL VERSION AND THE REFERENCE TO USE WHEN CITING THIS WORK IS: Benkler, Yochai, Aaron Shaw, and Benjamin Mako Hill. (2015) “Peer Production: A Form of Collective Intelligence.” In Hand- book of Collective Intelligence, edited by Thomas Malone and Michael Bernstein. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Peer Production: A Form of Collective Intelligence Yochai Benkler ([email protected]) HARVARD UNIVERSITY Aaron Shaw ([email protected]) NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Benjamin Mako Hill ([email protected]) UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON INTRODUCTION Wikipedia has mobilized a collective of millions to produce an enormous, high quality, encyclopedia without traditional forms of hierarchical organiza- tion or financial incentives. More than any other twenty-first century collab- orative endeavor, Wikipedia has attracted the attention of scholars in the so- cial sciences and law both as an example of what collective intelligence makes possible and as an empirical puzzle. Conventional thinking suggests that ef- fective and successful organizations succeed through hierarchical control and management, but Wikipedia seems to organize collectively without either. Legal and economic common sense dictates that compensation and contracts are necessary for individuals to share the valuable products of their work, yet Wikipedia elicits millions of contributions without payment or owner- ship. Intuition suggests that hobbyists, volunteers, and rag-tag groups will not Parts of this chapter build upon work published in: Y. Benkler, Peer. “Production and Cooperation” forthcoming in J. M. Bauer & M. Latzer (eds.), Handbook on the Economics of the Internet, Cheltenham and Northampton, Edward Elgar. 1 2 be able to create information goods of sufficient quality to undermine pro- fessional production, but contributors to Wikipedia have done exactly this. -
Open Science Beyond Open Access: for and with Communities a Step Towards the Decolonization of Knowledge
Open Science Beyond Open Access: For and with communities A step towards the decolonization of knowledge Prepared for the Canadian Commission for UNESCO By Leslie Chan, Budd Hall, Florence Piron, Rajesh Tandon and Lorna Williams Ottawa, July 2020 i For further reading, see: An introduction to UNESCO’s Updated Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers https://en.ccunesco.ca//media/Files/Unesco/Resources/2018/11/IntroductionToUNESCOUpdatedReco mmendationOnScienceAndScientificResearchers.pdf (2018) Is Science a Human Right? Implementing the Principle of Participatory, Equitable, and Universally Accessible Science https://en.ccunesco.ca//media/Files/Unesco/Resources/2019/10/IsScienceAHumanRight.pdf (2019) The Status of Science. The UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities https://en.ccunesco.ca//media/Files/Unesco/OurThemes/EncouragingInnovation/IdeaLab/ReflectionPa perMicheleStanton-Jean.pdf (2019) Toward a UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science: Canadian Perspectives https://en.ccunesco.ca/- /media/Files/Unesco/Resources/2020/04/UNESCORecommendationOpenScienceCanadianPerspectives. pdf (2020) To quote this article: CHAN, Leslie, HALL, Budd, PIRON, Florence, TANDON, Rajesh, and WILLIAMS, Lorna, “Open Science Beyond Open Access: For and with communities. A step towards the decolonization of knowledge”, the Canadian Commission for UNESCO’s IdeaLab, Ottawa, Canada, July 2020 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Canadian Commission for UNESCO.