DOCSLIB.ORG

I UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À RIMOUSKI DISPARITÉ MORPHOLOGIQUE ET MODULARITÉ DES NAGEOIRES MÉDIANES ET PAIRES CHEZ LES VERTÉBR

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À RIMOUSKI DISPARITÉ MORPHOLOGIQUE ET MODULARITÉ DES NAGEOIRES MÉDIANES ET PAIRES CHEZ LES VERTÉBR i UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À RIMOUSKI DISPARITÉ MORPHOLOGIQUE ET MODULARITÉ DES NAGEOIRES MÉDIANES ET PAIRES CHEZ LES VERTÉBRÉS BASAUX THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DU DOCTORAT EN BIOLOGIE EXTENTIONNÉ DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL PAR OLIVIER LAROUCHE SEPTEMBRE 2017 ii v UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À RIMOUSKI Service de la bibliothèque Avertissement La diffusion de ce mémoire ou de cette thèse se fait dans le respect des droits de son auteur, qui a signé le formulaire « Autorisation de reproduire et de diffuser un rapport, un mémoire ou une thèse ». En signant ce formulaire, l’auteur concède à l’Université du Québec à Rimouski une licence non exclusive d’utilisation et de publication de la totalité ou d’une partie importante de son travail de recherche pour des fins pédagogiques et non commerciales. Plus précisément, l’auteur autorise l’Université du Québec à Rimouski à reproduire, diffuser, prêter, distribuer ou vendre des copies de son travail de recherche à des fins non commerciales sur quelque support que ce soit, y compris l’Internet. Cette licence et cette autorisation n’entraînent pas une renonciation de la part de l’auteur à ses droits moraux ni à ses droits de propriété intellectuelle. Sauf entente contraire, l’auteur conserve la liberté de diffuser et de commercialiser ou non ce travail dont il possède un exemplaire. iii REMERCIEMENTS Je tiens à exprimer ma reconnaissance envers tous les membres du Laboratoire de Paléontologie et de Biologie évolutive de l’UQAR qui ont contribué, de près ou de loin, au succès de ce projet. Je souligne particulièrement les contributions de Marion Chevrinais et de Cyrena Riley : leurs commentaires et suggestions ont été d’une aide inestimable lors de la finalisation de l’introduction générale et de la conclusion générale de cette thèse doctorale. Je remercie aussi tout spécialement mes directeurs de recherche, Richard Cloutier et Miriam L. Zelditch, non seulement pour leur encadrement et leur support tout au long de ce projet, mais aussi pour ces innombrables discussions enrichissantes qui m’ont fait évolué en tant que biologiste au cours des cinq dernières années. Finalement je tiens à remercier Dr. R. Craig Albertson, Dr. Piero Calosi et Dr. William Vickery pour avoir accepté de faire partie du commité d’évaluation lors de ma soutenance de thèse doctorale. Leurs commentaires judicieux et leurs suggestions m’ont ouvert de nouvelles pistes de réflexion non seulement en ce qui concerne mon project doctoral, mais aussi pour la suite de ma carrière académique. Ce projet n’aurait pu être mené à terme sans les contributions financières de plusieurs organismes subventionnaires, notamment le Conseil de Recherches en Sciences naturelles et en Génie du Canada, les Fonds de Recherches Nature et Technologies Québec, et les Services aux Étudiants de l’UQAR. iv v AVANT-PROPOS « There once were two watchmakers, named Hora and Tempus, who manufactured very fine watches. Both of them were highly regarded, and the phones in their workshops rang frequently - new customers were constantly calling them (…) The watches the men made consisted of about 1000 parts each. Tempus had so constructed his that if he had one partly assembled and had to put it down - to answer the phone say - it immediately fell to pieces and had to be reassembled from the elements (…) The watches that Hora made were no less complex than those of Tempus. But he had designed them so that he could put together subassemblies of about ten elements each. Ten of these subassemblies, again, could be put together into a larger subassembly ; and a system of ten of the latter subassemblies constituted the whole watch. Hence, when Hora had to put down a partly assembled watch in order to answer the phone, he lost only a small part of his work (…) » (Simon 1962, p. 468) vi vii TABLE DES MATIÈRES REMERCIEMENTS………………………………………………………………….ii AVANT-PROPOS……………………………………………………………………iv TABLE DES MATIÈRES…………………………………………………………...vii LISTE DES FIGURES………………………………………………………………..xi LISTE DES TABLEAUX…………………………………………………………...xiii RÉSUMÉ…………………………………………………………………………….xv ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………..…xvii INTRODUCTION GÉNÉRALE…………………………………………………...…1 Disparité morphologique……….......................................................................2 Modularité……………………………………………………………………..3 Relation entre modularité et disparité morphologique………………………...6 Les poissons comme organismes modèles………………………………….…8 Les nageoires chez les poissons : définitions opérationnelles……………...…11 Disparité morphologique dans la configuration des nageoires…………….…13 Apparition séquentielle des nageoires…………………………………….….16 Apparition des nageoires médianes…………………………………..17 Duplications de la nageoire dorsale………………………………….18 Apparition des nageoires paires……………………………………...20 Modularité des nageoires………………………………………………….…24 Hypothèses de modularité des nageoires médianes.………………….24 Hypothèses de modularité des nageoires paires.……………………..27 La problématique…………………………………………………………….30 Objectifs de recherche et méthodologie utilisée…....………………………...32 CHAPITRE I MODULES DE NAGEOIRES : UNE PERSPECTIVE ÉVOLUTIVE SUR LA DISPARITÉ DES APPENDICES CHEZ LES VERTÉBRÉS BASAUX 1.1 Résumé………………………………………………………………39 viii 1.2 Abstract………………………………………………………………42 1.3 Introduction…………………………………………………………..43 1.4 Methods……………………………………………………………...47 1.4.1 Fin presence/absence dataset…………...…………………....47 1.4.2 Fish supertree...……………………………………………...50 1.4.3 Mapping of the fin characters on the supertree……………....53 1.4.4 Covariation in the number of fins present………………….....53 1.5 Results………………………………………………………………..55 1.5.1 Fish supertree...……………………………………………...55 1.5.2 Mapping the evolutionary history of fish appendages………..57 1.5.3 Covariation in the presence/absence of fish appendages…….62 1.6 Discussion……………………………………………………………70 1.6.1 Disparity in fin configurations……………………………….71 1.6.2 Evolutionary history of fish appendages……………………..75 1.6.3 Evidence for fin evolutionary modules……………………….83 1.7 Conclusions..…………………………………………………............87 CHAPITRE II TÊTE, CORPS ET NAGEOIRES : PATRONS D’INTÉGRATION MORPHOLOGIQUE ET DE MODULARITÉ CHEZ LES POISSONS 2.1 Résumé………………………………………………………………89 2.2 Abstract………………………………………………………………92 2.3 Introduction…………………………………………………………..93 2.4 Methods……………………………………………………………...96 2.4.1 Sample………………………………………………………..96 2.4.2 Geometric Morphometrics…………………………………...97 2.4.3 Standardizing for Preservational Artifacts and for Size…..….98 2.4.4 Testing Hypotheses of Modularity………………………...….99 2.5 Results………………………………………………………………106 2.5.1 Distance-Matrix Method……………………………………111 ix 2.5.2 Minimum Deviance Method………………………………...112 2.5.3 Escoufier’s RVs………………………………………….….112 2.5.4 A Posteriori Results.…………………………………….…..113 2.6 Discussion…………………………………….…………………….115 CHAPITRE III TÊTES, NAGEOIRES ET QUEUES : UNE ANALYSE COMPARATIVE DES PATRONS D’INTÉGRATION MORPHOLOGIQUE ET DE MODULARITÉ ENTRE LES ÉCHELLES MICRO- ET MACROÉVOLUTIVES 3.1 Résumé……………………………………………………………..122 3.2 Abstract……………………………………………………………..123 3.3 Introduction…………………………………………………………124 3.4 Methods…………………………………………………………….126 3.4.1 Sample……………………………………………………....126 3.4.2 Geometric morphometrics………………………………….129 3.4.3 Taking into account phylogeny…………………………..….132 3.4.4 Quantifying allometry………………………………………133 3.4.5 Testing hypotheses of modularity………………..………….133 3.4.6 Comparing evolutionary rates and disparity among partitions……………………………...…………………………..139 3.4.7 Software…………………………………………………….139 3.5 Results………………………………………………………………140 3.5.1 Testing evolutionary models…………………………….…..140 3.5.2 Covariance ratios………………………………….………..142 3.5.3 Graphical modeling………………………………………...144 3.5.4 Minimum deviance method………………………………….145 3.5.5 Evolutionary rate ratios…………………………………….146 3.5.6 Comparing micro- and macroevolutionary patterns of integration…………………………………………………..147 3.6 Discussion…………………………………………………………..149 3.6.1 Support for evolutionary fin modules……………………….150 x 3.6.2 Modularity, morphological disparity and rates of morphological evolution……………………………………….........151 3.6.3 Correspondence between micro- and macroevolutionary patterns of integration………………..…..........................................153 3.7 Conclusion………………………………………………………….156 CONCLUSION GÉNÉRALE………………………………………………….…...159 Contexte, originalité de l’étude et rappel des objectifs…………….………..159 Principaux résultats…………………………………………………………160 Portée de l’étude…………………………………………………….………166 Limitations de l’étude……………………………………………….………167 Perspectives de recherche dans le domaine concerné………………….……170 Recherches futures………………………………………………………….172 ANNEXE A : HOW TO DEFINE A FIN?.................................................................175 ANNEXE B : A HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF APPENDAGE DIVERSITY AND HOMOLOGY AMONG BASAL CHORDATES……………………………….….179 ANNEXE C : LIST OF SOURCE TREES FOR THE SUPERTREE ANALYSIS AND ADDITIONAL RESULTS……………………………………………………..…..217 ANNEXE D : PRESENCE/ABSENCE DATASET………………………………..227 ANNEXE E : ADDITIONAL RESULTS OF MULTIPLE CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSES………………………………………………………………………..239 ANNEXE F : ADDITIONAL RESULTS FOR THE DANIO RERIO AND CHROSOMUS EOS DATASETS INCORPORATING ADDITIONAL MODULARITY HYPOTHESES…………………………………………………..243 LEXIQUE…………………………………………………………………………..247 BIBLIOGRAPHIE...………………………………………………………………..249 xi LISTE DES FIGURES Figure 1 : Synthèse des relations phylogénétiques entre les groupes de poissons existants et fossiles illustrant l’importante disparité morphologique qui caractérise les poissons dans leur ensemble……………………….……...9 Figure 2
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Article Evolutionary Dynamics of the OR Gene Repertoire in Teleost Fishes
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.09.434524; this version posted March 10, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Article Evolutionary dynamics of the OR gene repertoire in teleost fishes: evidence of an association with changes in olfactory epithelium shape Maxime Policarpo1, Katherine E Bemis2, James C Tyler3, Cushla J Metcalfe4, Patrick Laurenti5, Jean-Christophe Sandoz1, Sylvie Rétaux6 and Didier Casane*,1,7 1 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 2 NOAA National Systematics Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. 3Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20560, U.S.A. 4 Independent Researcher, PO Box 21, Nambour QLD 4560, Australia. 5 Université de Paris, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France 6 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur- Yvette, France. 7 Université de Paris, UFR Sciences du Vivant, F-75013 Paris, France. * Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]. !1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.09.434524; this version posted March 10, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Teleost fishes perceive their environment through a range of sensory modalities, among which olfaction often plays an important role.
    [Show full text]
  • Order BERYCIFORMES ANOPLOGASTRIDAE Fangtooths (Ogrefish) by J.A
    click for previous page 1178 Bony Fishes Order BERYCIFORMES ANOPLOGASTRIDAE Fangtooths (ogrefish) by J.A. Moore, Florida Atlantic University, USA iagnostic characters: Small (to about 160 mm standard length) beryciform fishes.Body short, deep, and Dcompressed, tapering to narrow peduncle. Head large (1/3 standard length). Eye smaller than snout length in adults, but larger than snout length in juveniles. Mouth very large and oblique, jaws extend be- hind eye in adults; 1 supramaxilla. Bands of villiform teeth in juveniles are replaced with large fangs on dentary and premaxilla in adults; vomer and palatines toothless. Deep sensory canals separated by ser- rated ridges; very large parietal and preopercular spines in juveniles of one species, all disappearing with age. Gill rakers as clusters of teeth on gill arch in adults (lath-like in juveniles). No true fin spines; single, long-based dorsal fin with 16 to 20 rays; anal fin very short-based with 7 to 9 soft rays; caudal fin emarginate; pectoral fins with 13 to 16 soft rays; pelvic fins with 7 soft rays. Scales small, non-overlapping, spinose, goblet-shaped in adults; lateral line an open groove partially bridged by scales; no enlarged ventral keel scutes. Colour: entirely dark brown or black in adults. Habitat, biology, and fisheries: Meso- to bathypelagic, at depths of 75 to 5 000 m. Carnivores, with juveniles feeding on mainly crustaceans and adults mainly on fishes. May sometimes swim in small groups. Uncommon deep-sea fishes of no commercial importance. Remarks: The family was revised recently by Kotlyar (1986) and contains 1 genus with 2 species throughout the tropical and temperate latitudes.
    [Show full text]
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii) Apex Predator from the Eifelian-Aged Dundee Formation of Ontario, Canada
    Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences A large onychodontiform (Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii) apex predator from the Eifelian-aged Dundee Formation of Ontario, Canada. Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Manuscript ID cjes-2016-0119.R3 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 04-Dec-2016 Complete List of Authors: Mann, Arjan; Carleton University, Earth Sciences; University of Toronto Faculty of ArtsDraft and Science, Earth Sciences Rudkin, David; Royal Ontario Museum Evans, David C.; Royal Ontario Museum, Natural History; University of Toronto, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Laflamme, Marc; University of Toronto - Mississauga, Chemical and Physical Sciences Keyword: Sarcopterygii, Onychodontiformes, Body size, Middle Devonian, Eifelian https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjes-pubs Page 1 of 34 Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences A large onychodontiform (Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii) apex predator from the Eifelian- aged Dundee Formation of Ontario, Canada. Arjan Mann 1,2*, David Rudkin 1,2 , David C. Evans 2,3 , and Marc Laflamme 1 1, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B1, Canada, [email protected], [email protected] 2, Department of Palaeobiology, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6 3, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B2 *Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected] ca). https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjes-pubs Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Page 2 of 34 Abstract The Devonian marine strata of southwestern Ontario, Canada have been well documented geologically, but their vertebrate fossils are poorly studied. Here we report a new onychodontiform (Osteichthyes, Sarcopterygii) Onychodus eriensis n.
    [Show full text]
  • Stable Isotope Study of a New Chondrichthyan Fauna (Kimmeridgian, Porrentruy, Swiss Jura): an Unusual Freshwater-Influenced Isot
    1 Stable isotope study of a new chondrichthyan fauna 2 (Kimmeridgian, Porrentruy, Swiss Jura): an unusual 3 freshwater-influenced isotopic composition for the 4 hybodont shark Asteracanthus 5 6 L. Leuzinger1,2,*, L. Kocsis3,4, J.-P. Billon-Bruyat2, S. Spezzaferri1, T. 7 Vennemann3 8 [1]{Département des Géosciences, Université de Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 6, 1700 9 Fribourg, Switzerland} 10 [2]{Section d’archéologie et paléontologie, Office de la culture, République et Canton du 11 Jura, Hôtel des Halles, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland} 12 [3]{Institut des Dynamiques de la Surface Terrestre, Université de Lausanne, Quartier UNIL- 13 Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland} 14 [4]{Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Faculty of Science, Geology Group, Jalan Tungku Link, 15 BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam} 16 [*]{now at: CRILAR, 5301 Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina} 17 Correspondence to: L. Leuzinger ([email protected]) 18 19 Abstract 20 Chondrichthyan teeth (sharks, rays and chimaeras) are mineralised in isotopic equilibrium 21 with the surrounding water, and parameters such as water temperature and salinity can be 18 22 inferred from the oxygen isotopic composition (δ Op) of their bioapatite. We analysed a new 23 chondrichthyan assemblage, as well as teeth from bony fish (Pycnodontiformes). All 24 specimens are from Kimmeridgian coastal marine deposits of the Swiss Jura (vicinity of 25 Porrentruy, Ajoie district, NW Switzerland). While the overall faunal composition and the 26 isotopic composition of bony fish are generally consistent with marine conditions, unusually 18 27 low δ Op values were measured for the hybodont shark Asteracanthus. These values are also 28 lower compared to previously published data from older European Jurassic localities.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-17944-8 — Evolution And
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-17944-8 — Evolution and Development of Fishes Edited by Zerina Johanson , Charlie Underwood , Martha Richter Index More Information Index abaxial muscle,33 Alizarin red, 110 arandaspids, 5, 61–62 abdominal muscles, 212 Alizarin red S whole mount staining, 127 Arandaspis, 5, 61, 69, 147 ability to repair fractures, 129 Allenypterus, 253 arcocentra, 192 Acanthodes, 14, 79, 83, 89–90, 104, 105–107, allometric growth, 129 Arctic char, 130 123, 152, 152, 156, 213, 221, 226 alveolar bone, 134 arcualia, 4, 49, 115, 146, 191, 206 Acanthodians, 3, 7, 13–15, 18, 23, 29, 63–65, Alx, 36, 47 areolar calcification, 114 68–69, 75, 79, 82, 84, 87–89, 91, 99, 102, Amdeh Formation, 61 areolar cartilage, 192 104–106, 114, 123, 148–149, 152–153, ameloblasts, 134 areolar mineralisation, 113 156, 160, 189, 192, 195, 198–199, 207, Amia, 154, 185, 190, 193, 258 Areyongalepis,7,64–65 213, 217–218, 220 ammocoete, 30, 40, 51, 56–57, 176, 206, 208, Argentina, 60–61, 67 Acanthodiformes, 14, 68 218 armoured agnathans, 150 Acanthodii, 152 amphiaspids, 5, 27 Arthrodira, 12, 24, 26, 28, 74, 82–84, 86, 194, Acanthomorpha, 20 amphibians, 1, 20, 150, 172, 180–182, 245, 248, 209, 222 Acanthostega, 22, 155–156, 255–258, 260 255–256 arthrodires, 7, 11–13, 22, 28, 71–72, 74–75, Acanthothoraci, 24, 74, 83 amphioxus, 49, 54–55, 124, 145, 155, 157, 159, 80–84, 152, 192, 207, 209, 212–213, 215, Acanthothoracida, 11 206, 224, 243–244, 249–250 219–220 acanthothoracids, 7, 12, 74, 81–82, 211, 215, Amphioxus, 120 Ascl,36 219 Amphystylic, 148 Asiaceratodus,21
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • 71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
    ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas.
    [Show full text]
  • New Zealand Fishes a Field Guide to Common Species Caught by Bottom, Midwater, and Surface Fishing Cover Photos: Top – Kingfish (Seriola Lalandi), Malcolm Francis
    New Zealand fishes A field guide to common species caught by bottom, midwater, and surface fishing Cover photos: Top – Kingfish (Seriola lalandi), Malcolm Francis. Top left – Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus), Malcolm Francis. Centre – Catch of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae), Neil Bagley (NIWA). Bottom left – Jack mackerel (Trachurus sp.), Malcolm Francis. Bottom – Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), NIWA. New Zealand fishes A field guide to common species caught by bottom, midwater, and surface fishing New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No: 208 Prepared for Fisheries New Zealand by P. J. McMillan M. P. Francis G. D. James L. J. Paul P. Marriott E. J. Mackay B. A. Wood D. W. Stevens L. H. Griggs S. J. Baird C. D. Roberts‡ A. L. Stewart‡ C. D. Struthers‡ J. E. Robbins NIWA, Private Bag 14901, Wellington 6241 ‡ Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington, 6011Wellington ISSN 1176-9440 (print) ISSN 1179-6480 (online) ISBN 978-1-98-859425-5 (print) ISBN 978-1-98-859426-2 (online) 2019 Disclaimer While every effort was made to ensure the information in this publication is accurate, Fisheries New Zealand does not accept any responsibility or liability for error of fact, omission, interpretation or opinion that may be present, nor for the consequences of any decisions based on this information. Requests for further copies should be directed to: Publications Logistics Officer Ministry for Primary Industries PO Box 2526 WELLINGTON 6140 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 0800 00 83 33 Facsimile: 04-894 0300 This publication is also available on the Ministry for Primary Industries website at http://www.mpi.govt.nz/news-and-resources/publications/ A higher resolution (larger) PDF of this guide is also available by application to: [email protected] Citation: McMillan, P.J.; Francis, M.P.; James, G.D.; Paul, L.J.; Marriott, P.; Mackay, E.; Wood, B.A.; Stevens, D.W.; Griggs, L.H.; Baird, S.J.; Roberts, C.D.; Stewart, A.L.; Struthers, C.D.; Robbins, J.E.
    [Show full text]
  • (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland
    Neoselachian remains (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland JÜRGEN KRIWET Kriwet, J. 2003. Neoselachian remains (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (4): 583–594. New neoselachian remains from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland are described. The locality of Weilen unter den Rinnen in SW Germany yielded only few orectolobiform teeth from the Aalenian representing at least one new genus and species, Folipistrix digitulus, which is assigned to the orectolobiforms and two additional orectolobi− form teeth of uncertain affinities. The tooth morphology of Folipistrix gen. nov. indicates a cutting dentition and suggests specialised feeding habits. Neoselachians from Bathonian and Callovian drill core samples from NW Poland produced numerous selachian remains. Most teeth are damaged and only the crown is preserved. Few identifiable teeth come from uppermost lower to lower middle Callovian samples. They include a new species, Synechodus prorogatus, and rare teeth attributed to Palaeobrachaelurus sp., Pseudospinax? sp., Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919, two additional but unidentifiable Protospinax spp. and Squalogaleus sp. Scyliorhinids are represented only by few isolated tooth crowns. No batoid remains have been recovered. The two assemblages contribute to the knowledge about early neoselachian distribution and diversity. Key words: Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii, Jurassic, Germany, Poland, taxonomy, diversity. Jürgen Kriwet [[email protected]], Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom. Introduction Woodward 1889; Frass 1896; Thies 1992, 1993), Northern France (Duffin and Ward 1993), Luxembourg (Delsate Neoselachii is a well−defined monophyletic clade and repre− 1995), Belgium (Delsate and Thies 1995; Delsate and Gode− sents one of the most successful groups of selachians.
    [Show full text]
  • (Schyzocotyle Acheilognathi) from an Endemic Cichlid Fish In
    ©2018 Institute of Parasitology, SAS, Košice DOI 10.1515/helm-2017-0052 HELMINTHOLOGIA, 55, 1: 84 – 87, 2018 Research Note The fi rst record of the invasive Asian fi sh tapeworm (Schyzocotyle acheilognathi) from an endemic cichlid fi sh in Madagascar T. SCHOLZ1,*, A. ŠIMKOVÁ2, J. RASAMY RAZANABOLANA3, R. KUCHTA1 1Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, E-mail: *[email protected]; [email protected]; 2Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic, E-mail: [email protected]; 3Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Antananarivo, BP 906 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar, E-mail: [email protected] Article info Summary Received August 8, 2017 The Asian fi sh tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) (Cestoda: Bothriocepha- Accepted September 21, 2017 lidea), is an invasive parasite of freshwater fi shes that have been reported from more than 200 fresh- water fi sh worldwide. It was originally described from a small cyprinid, Acheilognathus rombeus, in Japan but then has spread, usually with carp, minnows or guppies, to all continents including isolated islands such as Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Cuba or Sri Lanka. In the present account, we report the fi rst case of the infection of a native cichlid fi sh, Ptychochromis cf. inornatus (Perciformes: Cichlidae), endemic to Madagascar, with S. acheilognathi. The way of introduction of this parasite to the island, which is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, is briefl y discussed. Keywords: Invasive parasite; new geographical record; Cestoda; Cichlidae; Madagascar Introduction fi sh tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) (syn.
    [Show full text]