DOCSLIB.ORG

Educational Workshop

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Educational Workshop EW14: Pathogenic intracellular bacteria arranged with ESCAR (ESCMID Study Group for Coxiella, Anaplasma, Rickettsia and Bartonella) Convenors: Gilbert Greub (Lausanne, CH) Pierre-Edouard Fournier (Marseille, FR) Faculty: Amel Omezzine Letaief (Sousse, TN) Pierre-Edouard Fournier (Marseille, FR) Achilleas Gikas (Heraklion, GR) Gilbert Greub (Lausanne, CH) Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis Tick-Borne rickettsial pathogens Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses (SFGR) Amel Omezzine Letaief, MD Farhat Hached Hospital ; Sousse - Tunisia 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 1 Session objectives ? True or False ? •There are multiple SFGR •SFGR are of limited geographic distribution •Clinical features are specific of rickettsia species •SFGR are severe diseases •Diagnosis of SFGR is difficult to confirm •Therapy of SFGR has been optimized 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 2 Clinical case • A 55-year-old Finnish man, traveled to Africa and south Europe : Cruise on the mediterranean sea for 10 days, on September • 5 days after return : Abrupt onset of fever (40°C) Loss of appetite, Headache Abdominal pain 1 episode of diarrheae • No medical history, no medication 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 3 3 Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis Clinical case Continues… _______________________________________ •Physical examination at day 3 : –No signs of severe sepsis –Fever + generalized maculo-papular rash –Purpuric lesions on legs - Biological tests including : –blood smears (-), –blood cell count, normal •And Rickettsioses!!… SFGR ? 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 4 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 5 Which Rickettsia ? Order : Rickettsiales et Bartonellaceae (Bartonella + Rochalimaea) Tribu : Rickettsiaceae Anasplasmataceae Genus : Orientia Rickettsia O tsutsugamushi Typhus group (Spotted Fever Group) (scrub typhus) Epidemic typhus R.prowazekii R rickettsii RMSF Murine typhus R.typhi R. conorii MSF R. akari vesicular fever R. africae African tick bite rickett Excluded from Rickettsiales : R. felis Cat-flea typhus Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) …. 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 6 4 Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis SFG Rickettsial pathogens and diseases • Rickettsia akari Rickettsialpox • Rickettsia felis Flea-borne spotted fever or cat flea typhus • Rickettsia australis Queensland tick typhus • Rickettsia helvetica Aneruptive fever • Rickettsia massiliae Spotted fever • Rickettsia aeschlimannii Spotted fever • Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky mountain spotted fever • Rickettsia sibiricasibirica Siberian tick typhus • Rickettsia sibiricamongolitimonae LAR • Rickettsia slovaca TIBOLA-DEBONEL • Rickettsia africae African tick bite fever • Rickettsia conorii conorii Mediterranean spotted fever • Rickettsia conorii israelensis Israeli spotted fever • Rickettsia conorii caspia Astrakhan fever • Rickettsia conorii indica Indian tick bite typhus • Rickettsia heilongjiangensis Far Eastern tick-borne rickettsiosis • Rickettsia japonica Japanese or oriental spotted fever • Rickettsia parkeri Spotted fever • Rickettsia honei Flinders island spotted fever • Rickettsia raoultii DEBONEL-TIBOLA 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 7 A. Renvoisé, D. Raoult / Médecine et maladies infectieuses 39 (2009) SFGR • Most tick - borne rickettsioses !!!! •R. akari (Ricketsialpox) : mite •R. felis : flea • Disease named by geographic distribution •Mediterranean spotted fever •Rocky Mountain spotted fever •Queensland tick typhus •North Asian tick typhus. • Human are incidental host • Natural host are small mammal !! Not all known •wild rodents, mouse, dog 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 8 Life cycle- Human contamination Human yes TICK : no non Adult Vector and Adult♀ ♂ Reservoir ouiyes Nymph larva vertebrate Host ? reservoir? 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 9 5 Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis ~ 20 SFGRickettsial pathogens… R. C. Astrakhan R. slovaca R. mongolotimonae R. helvetica R. sibirica R. mongolotimonae R. C israëli R. helvetica R. conorii R. aeschlimannii R. C israëli R. japonica R. conorii R. rickettsii R. C. indica R. conorii R. australis R. africae R. honei 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 10 Distribution, vector, and main clinical features of the different subspecies of SFGR Symptoms , % patients Fatal forms? Rickettsia Vector tick Geographic repartition Human Disease Inoculation (% patients) Fever Eschar Rash R. conorii Rhipicephalus Mediterraneanarea Mediterranean 91– 20–87 93–100 Yes conorii, sp., Croatia, Slovenia, Kenya, spotted fever 100 (0–18.1) isolates Haemaphysali Somalia, South Africa, Malish, s leachii and surrounding the Moroccan Black Sea Kenyan R. conorii Rh. Israel, Portugal, Sicily Israeli spotted 100 0–46 98–100 Yes israelensis sanguineus fever (0–3. 5) R. conorii Rh. Astrakhan region, Chad, Astrakhan 100 23 94 No caspia sanguineus, R. Kosovo pumilio spotted fever R. conorii Rh. India, Pakistan Indian tick 100 Rare 100 No indica Sanguineus typhus (freq. Boophilus purpuric) microplus, H. leachii R. rickettsii Dermacentor North, Centerand south Rocky 100 Rrare 100 Yes, 5-10 1919 andersoni America mountain purpuric Dermacentor variabilis spotted fever 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinkiadapted from ww.cdc.gov/eid• Vol. 14, No. 9,11 2008 Distribution, vector, and main clinical features of the different subspecies of SFGR Symptoms , % patients Fatal Geographic Rickettsia Vector tick Human Disease forms? repartition Inoculation Fever Eschar Rash (%) R. Slovaca Dermacentor Europe TIBOLA - rare >80, drai- No No marginatus DEBONEL ning ADP R.africae Amblyomma ; Souh Africa, west African tick-bite 88 Yes (55), 50 No Indies fever multiple R. Aeschli- Hyalomma Africa, South Europe Spotted fever 100 Yes, multiple yes No mannii marginatum (rare cases reported) R. akari mite USA, Corea, East Rickettsialpox 97- 90 100 No Europe 100 vesicular R. japonica Haemophysalis Japon, Chine Japanese/ Oriental 100 90 purpiric Severe Dermacentor spotted fever forms up to20% (4) R. sibirica Dermacentor Central Asia, China Siberian tick yes yes yes ? Haemophysalis typhus R. mongo- Hyalomma China, Europe, Spotted fever yes yes Few spots No lotimonae asiaticum Africa R. australis Ixodes Australia Queensland tick yes 50% Yes low holocyclus fever vesicular R. honei Ixodes, Thailand, Australia Flinders Island tick yes rare Yes, ? Aponomma typhus purpuric 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 12 6 Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis Epidemiologic and Clinical Features frequent SFGR • Mediterranean Spotted Fever Group (MSF) R.conorii – Hot season – Mediterranean region, south Europ, Africa – Rural area, dogs tick –bite – Eschar inoculation « Tache noire » + fever + Maculo-papular eruption – Rare severe forms • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) R. rickettsii – America, North – Tick bite, – Fever + purpuric rash, eschar rarely – Frequent severe forms 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 13 Epidemiologic and Clinical Features frequent SFGR • African tick-bite fever R. africae – Hot season – Africa, subsaharian – multiple tick –bite – Eschars of inoculation + fever + Maculo-papular eruption – Rare severe forms • TIBOLA : Tick-Borne Lyphadenopathy R.slovaca – Europe – Tick bite, winter, women and children!! – Eschar of the scalp + Fever + Lyphadenopathy – Sequellae : alopecia 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 14 Mediterranean Spotted Fever History – 1910 : disease described by CONOR and BRUSH in Tunisia – 1925 : «tache noire» described by PIERI in Marseille – 1930 : role of dog’sTick Rhipicephalus sanguineus – 1932 : R. conorii by Brumpt 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 15 7 Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis MSF Clinical features of hospitalized patients Central Tunisia Marseille Clinical findings (%) (%) Fever (100) (100) Headache (76) (56) The clinical triad Chills (46.5) - fever +rash+ Eschar Cough (17.5) (10) 55 - 70% Myalgia (58) (36) Rash (92.5) (97) Eschar lesion (62) (72) Conjunctivitis (12) (9) Gastrointestinal symptoms (20) Hepatomegaly and or (8) (10) splenomegaly 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 16 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 17 Characteristics of eschar (Tache noire) Central Tunisia (%) Presence of Eschar (62) Number one (95.5) 2 (4.5) Sites of Eschar trunk (16) extremities (33.5) gyrus (9.5) genital organs (24.5) breast (4) others (12.5) 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 18 8 Letaief –Spotted fever rickettsiosis Laboratory findings Central Tunisia Marseille (%) (%) Leukopenia and/or (79) (75) normal blood cells Thrombocytopenia (55) (35) Elevation of (60) (39) transaminases Hyponatremia (58) (25) Increased LDH level (94) - Creatinine (µmol) >150 (5) (6) Elevated ESR (> (80) - 30mm/h) ESR: eleva ted erythrocyte sedi mentation rate 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 19 Ocular manifestations • Prospective study, 30 patients with MSF underwent complete ophthalmic examination • 25 (83.3%) had unilateral or bilateral posterior segment involvement (white retinal lesions), 9 patients had ocular complaints • Final visual acuity was 20/20 in 93% of affected eyes Khairallah M, Ophthalmology 2004; 111 (3): 529-34 22/04/2009 ESCAR, 19th ECCMID - Helsinki 20 Diagnosis Score Epidemiologic criteria • Endemic area 2 • Hot season (May –September) 2 • Tick bite 2 ≥ 17 Clinical criteria S=85% • Fever exceeding 39°C 5 SPF=30% • Eschar (tache noire) 5 • Maculopapularor purpuricrash 5 • Two (of three) clinical criteria 3 • All three clinical criteria 5 _____ 29 Letaief A. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 (from Raoult’sscore) 22/04/2009
Recommended publications
  • Molecular Evidence of Novel Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia

    Molecular Evidence of Novel Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia

    pathogens Article Molecular Evidence of Novel Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Species in Amblyomma albolimbatum Ticks from the Shingleback Skink (Tiliqua rugosa) in Southern Western Australia Mythili Tadepalli 1, Gemma Vincent 1, Sze Fui Hii 1, Simon Watharow 2, Stephen Graves 1,3 and John Stenos 1,* 1 Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong 3220, Australia; [email protected] (M.T.); [email protected] (G.V.); [email protected] (S.F.H.); [email protected] (S.G.) 2 Reptile Victoria Inc., Melbourne 3035, Australia; [email protected] 3 Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nepean Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Penrith 2747, Australia * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Tick-borne infectious diseases caused by obligate intracellular bacteria of the genus Rick- ettsia are a growing global problem to human and animal health. Surveillance of these pathogens at the wildlife interface is critical to informing public health strategies to limit their impact. In Australia, reptile-associated ticks such as Bothriocroton hydrosauri are the reservoirs for Rickettsia honei, the causative agent of Flinders Island spotted fever. In an effort to gain further insight into the potential for reptile-associated ticks to act as reservoirs for rickettsial infection, Rickettsia-specific PCR screening was performed on 64 Ambylomma albolimbatum ticks taken from shingleback skinks (Tiliqua rugosa) lo- cated in southern Western Australia. PCR screening revealed 92% positivity for rickettsial DNA. PCR Citation: Tadepalli, M.; Vincent, G.; amplification and sequencing of phylogenetically informative rickettsial genes (ompA, ompB, gltA, Hii, S.F.; Watharow, S.; Graves, S.; Stenos, J.
  • Distribution of Tick-Borne Diseases in China Xian-Bo Wu1, Ren-Hua Na2, Shan-Shan Wei2, Jin-Song Zhu3 and Hong-Juan Peng2*

    Distribution of Tick-Borne Diseases in China Xian-Bo Wu1, Ren-Hua Na2, Shan-Shan Wei2, Jin-Song Zhu3 and Hong-Juan Peng2*

    Wu et al. Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6:119 http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/6/1/119 REVIEW Open Access Distribution of tick-borne diseases in China Xian-Bo Wu1, Ren-Hua Na2, Shan-Shan Wei2, Jin-Song Zhu3 and Hong-Juan Peng2* Abstract As an important contributor to vector-borne diseases in China, in recent years, tick-borne diseases have attracted much attention because of their increasing incidence and consequent significant harm to livestock and human health. The most commonly observed human tick-borne diseases in China include Lyme borreliosis (known as Lyme disease in China), tick-borne encephalitis (known as Forest encephalitis in China), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (known as Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever in China), Q-fever, tularemia and North-Asia tick-borne spotted fever. In recent years, some emerging tick-borne diseases, such as human monocytic ehrlichiosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and a novel bunyavirus infection, have been reported frequently in China. Other tick-borne diseases that are not as frequently reported in China include Colorado fever, oriental spotted fever and piroplasmosis. Detailed information regarding the history, characteristics, and current epidemic status of these human tick-borne diseases in China will be reviewed in this paper. It is clear that greater efforts in government management and research are required for the prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment of tick-borne diseases, as well as for the control of ticks, in order to decrease the tick-borne disease burden in China. Keywords: Ticks, Tick-borne diseases, Epidemic, China Review (Table 1) [2,4]. Continuous reports of emerging tick-borne Ticks can carry and transmit viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, disease cases in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui, and spirochetes, protozoans, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma,Bartonia other provinces demonstrate the rise of these diseases bodies, and nematodes [1,2].
  • Multiple Pruritic Papules from Lone Star Tick Larvae Bites

    Multiple Pruritic Papules from Lone Star Tick Larvae Bites

    OBSERVATION Multiple Pruritic Papules From Lone Star Tick Larvae Bites Emily J. Fisher, MD; Jun Mo, MD; Anne W. Lucky, MD Background: Ticks are the second most common vec- was treated with permethrin cream and the lesions re- tors of human infectious diseases in the world. In addi- solved over the following 3 weeks without sequelae. The tion to their role as vectors, ticks and their larvae can also organism was later identified as the larva of Amblyomma produce primary skin manifestations. Infestation by the species, the lone star tick. larvae of ticks is not commonly recognized, with only 3 cases reported in the literature. The presence of mul- Conclusions: Multiple pruritic papules can pose a di- tiple lesions and partially burrowed 6-legged tick larvae agnostic challenge. The patient described herein had an can present a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. unusually large number of pruritic papules as well as tick larvae present on her skin. Recognition of lone star tick Observation: We describe a 51-year-old healthy woman larvae as a cause of multiple bites may be helpful in simi- who presented to our clinic with multiple erythematous lar cases. papules and partially burrowed organisms 5 days after exposure to a wooded area in southern Kentucky. She Arch Dermatol. 2006;142:491-494 ATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE PRU- acteristic clinical and diagnostic features of ritic papules that appear to be infestation by larvae of Amblyomma species bitespresentachallengetothe and may help clinicians make similar di- clinician. We present a case of agnoses in the future. a healthy 51-year-old woman whowasbittenbymultiplelarvaeofthetick, P REPORT OF A CASE Amblyomma species, most likely A ameri- canum or the lone star tick.
  • (Batch Learning Self-Organizing Maps), to the Microbiome Analysis of Ticks

    (Batch Learning Self-Organizing Maps), to the Microbiome Analysis of Ticks

    Title A novel approach, based on BLSOMs (Batch Learning Self-Organizing Maps), to the microbiome analysis of ticks Nakao, Ryo; Abe, Takashi; Nijhof, Ard M; Yamamoto, Seigo; Jongejan, Frans; Ikemura, Toshimichi; Sugimoto, Author(s) Chihiro The ISME Journal, 7(5), 1003-1015 Citation https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2012.171 Issue Date 2013-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/53167 Type article (author version) File Information ISME_Nakao.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP A novel approach, based on BLSOMs (Batch Learning Self-Organizing Maps), to the microbiome analysis of ticks Ryo Nakao1,a, Takashi Abe2,3,a, Ard M. Nijhof4, Seigo Yamamoto5, Frans Jongejan6,7, Toshimichi Ikemura2, Chihiro Sugimoto1 1Division of Collaboration and Education, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita-20, Nishi-10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan 2Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan 3Graduate School of Science & Technology, Niigata University, 8050, Igarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi- ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan 4Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, 14163 Berlin, Germany 5Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, 2-3-2 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan 6Utrecht Centre for Tick-borne Diseases (UCTD), Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands 7Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, 0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa aThese authors contributed equally to this work. Keywords: BLSOMs/emerging diseases/metagenomics/microbiomes/symbionts/ticks Running title: Tick microbiomes revealed by BLSOMs Subject category: Microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions Abstract Ticks transmit a variety of viral, bacterial and protozoal pathogens, which are often zoonotic.
  • Babela Massiliensis, a Representative of a Widespread Bacterial

    Babela Massiliensis, a Representative of a Widespread Bacterial

    Babela massiliensis, a representative of a widespread bacterial phylum with unusual adaptations to parasitism in amoebae Isabelle Pagnier, Natalya Yutin, Olivier Croce, Kira S Makarova, Yuri I Wolf, Samia Benamar, Didier Raoult, Eugene V. Koonin, Bernard La Scola To cite this version: Isabelle Pagnier, Natalya Yutin, Olivier Croce, Kira S Makarova, Yuri I Wolf, et al.. Babela mas- siliensis, a representative of a widespread bacterial phylum with unusual adaptations to parasitism in amoebae. Biology Direct, BioMed Central, 2015, 10 (13), 10.1186/s13062-015-0043-z. hal-01217089 HAL Id: hal-01217089 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01217089 Submitted on 19 Oct 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Pagnier et al. Biology Direct (2015) 10:13 DOI 10.1186/s13062-015-0043-z RESEARCH Open Access Babela massiliensis, a representative of a widespread bacterial phylum with unusual adaptations to parasitism in amoebae Isabelle Pagnier1, Natalya Yutin2, Olivier Croce1, Kira S Makarova2, Yuri I Wolf2, Samia Benamar1, Didier Raoult1, Eugene V Koonin2 and Bernard La Scola1* Abstract Background: Only a small fraction of bacteria and archaea that are identifiable by metagenomics can be grown on standard media.
  • Characterization of the Interaction Between R. Conorii and Human

    Characterization of the Interaction Between R. Conorii and Human

    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 4-5-2018 Characterization of the Interaction Between R. Conorii and Human Host Vitronectin in Rickettsial Pathogenesis Abigail Inez Fish Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Bacteria Commons, Bacteriology Commons, Biology Commons, Immunology of Infectious Disease Commons, and the Pathogenic Microbiology Commons Recommended Citation Fish, Abigail Inez, "Characterization of the Interaction Between R. Conorii and Human Host Vitronectin in Rickettsial Pathogenesis" (2018). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 4566. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4566 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN R. CONORII AND HUMAN HOST VITRONECTIN IN RICKETTSIAL PATHOGENESIS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Interdepartmental Program in Biomedical and Veterinary Medical Sciences Through the Department of Pathobiological Sciences by Abigail Inez
  • Diagnostic Code Descriptions (ICD9)

    Diagnostic Code Descriptions (ICD9)

    INFECTIONS AND PARASITIC DISEASES INTESTINAL AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES (001 – 009.3) 001 CHOLERA 001.0 DUE TO VIBRIO CHOLERAE 001.1 DUE TO VIBRIO CHOLERAE EL TOR 001.9 UNSPECIFIED 002 TYPHOID AND PARATYPHOID FEVERS 002.0 TYPHOID FEVER 002.1 PARATYPHOID FEVER 'A' 002.2 PARATYPHOID FEVER 'B' 002.3 PARATYPHOID FEVER 'C' 002.9 PARATYPHOID FEVER, UNSPECIFIED 003 OTHER SALMONELLA INFECTIONS 003.0 SALMONELLA GASTROENTERITIS 003.1 SALMONELLA SEPTICAEMIA 003.2 LOCALIZED SALMONELLA INFECTIONS 003.8 OTHER 003.9 UNSPECIFIED 004 SHIGELLOSIS 004.0 SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE 004.1 SHIGELLA FLEXNERI 004.2 SHIGELLA BOYDII 004.3 SHIGELLA SONNEI 004.8 OTHER 004.9 UNSPECIFIED 005 OTHER FOOD POISONING (BACTERIAL) 005.0 STAPHYLOCOCCAL FOOD POISONING 005.1 BOTULISM 005.2 FOOD POISONING DUE TO CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (CL.WELCHII) 005.3 FOOD POISONING DUE TO OTHER CLOSTRIDIA 005.4 FOOD POISONING DUE TO VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS 005.8 OTHER BACTERIAL FOOD POISONING 005.9 FOOD POISONING, UNSPECIFIED 006 AMOEBIASIS 006.0 ACUTE AMOEBIC DYSENTERY WITHOUT MENTION OF ABSCESS 006.1 CHRONIC INTESTINAL AMOEBIASIS WITHOUT MENTION OF ABSCESS 006.2 AMOEBIC NONDYSENTERIC COLITIS 006.3 AMOEBIC LIVER ABSCESS 006.4 AMOEBIC LUNG ABSCESS 006.5 AMOEBIC BRAIN ABSCESS 006.6 AMOEBIC SKIN ULCERATION 006.8 AMOEBIC INFECTION OF OTHER SITES 006.9 AMOEBIASIS, UNSPECIFIED 007 OTHER PROTOZOAL INTESTINAL DISEASES 007.0 BALANTIDIASIS 007.1 GIARDIASIS 007.2 COCCIDIOSIS 007.3 INTESTINAL TRICHOMONIASIS 007.8 OTHER PROTOZOAL INTESTINAL DISEASES 007.9 UNSPECIFIED 008 INTESTINAL INFECTIONS DUE TO OTHER ORGANISMS
  • “Candidatus Deianiraea Vastatrix” with the Ciliate Paramecium Suggests

    “Candidatus Deianiraea Vastatrix” with the Ciliate Paramecium Suggests

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/479196; this version posted November 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. The extracellular association of the bacterium “Candidatus Deianiraea vastatrix” with the ciliate Paramecium suggests an alternative scenario for the evolution of Rickettsiales 5 Castelli M.1, Sabaneyeva E.2, Lanzoni O.3, Lebedeva N.4, Floriano A.M.5, Gaiarsa S.5,6, Benken K.7, Modeo L. 3, Bandi C.1, Potekhin A.8, Sassera D.5*, Petroni G.3* 1. Centro Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi Ricerca Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università 10 degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy 2. Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia 3. Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy 4 Centre of Core Facilities “Culture Collections of Microorganisms”, Saint Petersburg State 15 University, Saint Petersburg, Russia 5. Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 6. UOC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy 7. Core Facility Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint- Petersburg, Russia 20 8. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint- Petersburg, Russia * Corresponding authors, contacts: [email protected] ; [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/479196; this version posted November 27, 2018.
  • WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T

    WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T

    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A61K 31/05 (2006.01) A61P 31/02 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/CA20 14/000 174 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 4 March 2014 (04.03.2014) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (25) Filing Language: English OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, (26) Publication Language: English SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (30) Priority Data: ZW. 13/790,91 1 8 March 2013 (08.03.2013) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (71) Applicant: LABORATOIRE M2 [CA/CA]; 4005-A, rue kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, de la Garlock, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1L 1W9 (CA). GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (72) Inventors: LEMIRE, Gaetan; 6505, rue de la fougere, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, Sherbrooke, Quebec JIN 3W3 (CA).
  • Fleas and Flea-Borne Diseases

    Fleas and Flea-Borne Diseases

    International Journal of Infectious Diseases 14 (2010) e667–e676 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Infectious Diseases journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijid Review Fleas and flea-borne diseases Idir Bitam a, Katharina Dittmar b, Philippe Parola a, Michael F. Whiting c, Didier Raoult a,* a Unite´ de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes, CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Faculte´ de Me´decine, Universite´ de la Me´diterrane´e, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France b Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA c Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA ARTICLE INFO SUMMARY Article history: Flea-borne infections are emerging or re-emerging throughout the world, and their incidence is on the Received 3 February 2009 rise. Furthermore, their distribution and that of their vectors is shifting and expanding. This publication Received in revised form 2 June 2009 reviews general flea biology and the distribution of the flea-borne diseases of public health importance Accepted 4 November 2009 throughout the world, their principal flea vectors, and the extent of their public health burden. Such an Corresponding Editor: William Cameron, overall review is necessary to understand the importance of this group of infections and the resources Ottawa, Canada that must be allocated to their control by public health authorities to ensure their timely diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: ß 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Flea Siphonaptera Plague Yersinia pestis Rickettsia Bartonella Introduction to 16 families and 238 genera have been described, but only a minority is synanthropic, that is they live in close association with The past decades have seen a dramatic change in the geographic humans (Table 1).4,5 and host ranges of many vector-borne pathogens, and their diseases.
  • LC-Locus Alignment Sites Distance, Number of Nodes Supplementary

    LC-Locus Alignment Sites Distance, Number of Nodes Supplementary

    12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 Distance, number of nodes 2.5 0.0 g1 g2 g3 g3.5 g4 g5 g6 g7 g8 g9 g10 g10.1 g11 g12 g13 g14 g15 (11) (3) (3) (10) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (4) (3) (3) (3) (2) (3) LC-locus alignment sites Supplementary Figure S1. Compatibility of the evolutionary histories of the LC-locus and of individual LC genes.The sites of the LC-locus alignment are arranged along the X-axis, with the dashed red lines demarcating the alignment boundaries of the individual RcGTA-like genes (labeled with RcGTA gene names, g1 through g15; see Supplementary Table S4). For each alignment site, the Y-axis shows the phylogenetic distance between the optimal placement of a taxon in a phylogeny reconstructed from a 100 amino-acid window that surrounds the site and in the LC-locus phylogeny, averaged across all sliding windows that contain the site. The Y-axis values averaged across all taxa and all sites within a gene is shown in parentheses on the X-axis. For 15 out of 17 genes, only 2-4 nodes separate the optimal taxon position in the LC-locus and gene phylogeny. The inflated distances for g1 and g3.5 are likely because only 15 and 21 of 95 LCs, respectively, have a homolog of these genes and the SSPB analysis is highly sensitive to missing data (Berger et al. 2011). a. Bacteria Unassigned Thermotogae Tenericutes Synergistetes Spirochaetes Proteobacteria ylum Planctomycetes h p Firmicutes Deferribacteres Cyanobacteria Chloroflexi Bacteroidetes Actinobacteria Acidobacteria 1(11,750) 2(1,750) 3(2,538) 4(168) 5(51) 6(54) 7(43) 8(32) 9(26) 10(40) 11(33) 12(198) 13(173) 14(101) 15(98) 16(43) 17(114) Number of rcc01682−rcc01698 homologs in a cluster b.
  • HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

    HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

    TABLE OF CONTENTS AFRICAN TICK BITE FEVER .........................................................................................3 AMEBIASIS .....................................................................................................................4 ANTHRAX .......................................................................................................................5 ASEPTIC MENINGITIS ...................................................................................................6 BACTERIAL MENINGITIS, OTHER ................................................................................7 BOTULISM, FOODBORNE .............................................................................................8 BOTULISM, INFANT .......................................................................................................9 BOTULISM, WOUND .................................................................................................... 10 BOTULISM, OTHER ...................................................................................................... 11 BRUCELLOSIS ............................................................................................................. 12 CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS ............................................................................................. 13 CHANCROID ................................................................................................................. 14 CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION .................................................................