Translation Series No. 1942

FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No. 1942

Influence of sodium selenite, sodium tellurite and sodium sulfite on the retention and distribution of cadmium in mice

by V. Eybl, J. Sykora and F. Mertl

Original title: Einfllivon natriumselenit, natriumtellurit and natriumsulfit auf retention und verteilung von cadmium bei mausen

From: Archiv fur toxikologie, (Archive of Toxicology), 26: 169-175, 1970

• Translated by the Translation Bureau(MV) Foreign Languages Division Department of the Secretary of State of Canada

Fisheries Research Board of Canada Halifax Laboratory Halifax, N. S. 1971

11 pages typescript rdiva

DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT V.7 TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS FOREIGN LANGUAGES DIVISION DES LANGUES DIVISION CANADA ÉTRANGÈRES il

TRANSLATED FROM - TRADUCTION DE INTO - EN German English

AUTHOR - AUTEUR EYBL, V., et al.

TITLE IN ENGLISH - TITRE ANGLAIS Influence of sodium selenite, sodium tellurite and sodium sulfite on the ret'ention and distribution of cadmium in mice Title in foreign language (traasliterate foreign -charaeters) Einflup von Natriumselenit, Natriumtellurit und Natriumsulfit auf Retention und Verteilung von Cadmium bei Mâusen

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Archiv für Toxikologie, Volume 26, pp.169-175, 1970

Short Communication

Influence of sodium selenite, sodium tellurite and 169 sodium sulfite on the retention and distribution of cadmium •in mice

By V. EYBL, J. SÙORA and F. MERTL Pharmacological Institute and Institute of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Karls University, Pilsen, CSSR

(Received October 17, 1969)

Summary

Summary. The retention and distribution of cadmium in the organism during a 4 week period after i.v. administration of 115 inedll (%sith earrier). as well as the influence of s.c. application of sodium selenite. sodiurn tellurite and sixlium sulfite on this retention and distribution were studied in experiments on mire. Sodium selenite was found to cause a prolonged retention of cadmium in the organism. All of these compounds alter corumiderably the distribution of cadmium in th.e organs. Key-11.°We Cadmium — Selenite — Sulfite — Tellurite Traee Elernents.

UNEDITED TRANSLATION For Information only TRACIUCTION NON REVUE Ihfcletiièfien

SOS-200-10-31 ".‘ 2

In previous publications (EYBL et al., 1968, 1969a) we reported that sodium selenite and sodium tellurite increase the retention of mercury in the body and alter the distribution of that element in several organs. Selenium acts as a protective agent in cadmium necrosis of the testes (GUNN et al., 1968; KAR et al., 1960, 1966; MASON et al., 1964), sodium selenite in /. cadmium and mercury poisoning (PedZEK et al., 1967, 1968; PARIZEK & OMV/£DALOVÂ, 1967). In these tests, too, changes in the distribution of the metals used were observed. On the other hand we know that cadmium and mercury increase the retention of selenium by the body 170 and affect the selenium metabolism (EYBL et al., 1969b; GANTHER & BAUMANN, 1962).

The present study compares the influence of sodium selenite on the retention and distribution of cadmium in the body with that of the chemically related compounds of sodium tellurite and sodium sulfite, and examines the re-distribution of cadmium in relation to time.

Methods

Male mice (strain H, supplied by Velaz,.Prague) weighing 18-20 g were.used as test animals. They were divided into several .groups of 24 animals each. The first group received 3 x 10 -3 mM/kg

ïee.Mià 3

115m of CdC1 2 (with carrier, specific activity 0.5 mCi/1 mg Cd; from The Radiochemical Centre, Amersham) intravenously, the other groups received the same dose, together with the subcutaneous administration of either sodium selenite, sodium tellurite or sodium sulfite. These substances (analytical grade, from Lachema) were dissolved in redistilled water and administered in doses of 3 x 10 -3 mM/kg (injection volume 0.1 m1/10 g). The 115mCdC.1 2 activity was approx. 3 uCi per Mouse.

Cadmium retention was determined by total body measurements with a scintillation spectrometer immediately after administration, and 24 hours,as well as on the 7th, 14th and 21st day after administration. The channel width was adjusted to •the total spectrum of the bremsstrahlung produced in the test animais by interaction with the high-energy (1.61 MeV) p-particles (LIDEN, 1958; MEHL, 1957).

24 hours and on the 7th and 28th day after administration, 8 mice from each group were sacrificed. They were decapitated, their blood was collected, and the following organs were removed: brain, heart, lungs, liver, digestive tract, kidneys, spleen, femora, and testes. As in the 'previous studies (EYBL et al., 1965), the organs, the blood and the remains of the mice were dried at 90 °C before the activity was measured with a Geiger-Müller counter. The results were corrected for the self-absorption of the p-particles. All results were expressed in percent of the anplied dose. 4

In the Figures the mean values are given with a 95% confidence interval.

Results

1. Retention of cadmium by the body

The influence of the various administered substances on the retention of cadmium in the body is compared in Fig.l. We see

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Fi .1. Cadmium retention in mice at various inter- vais after administration of the following doses: • 11 5mCdC12 iv. (control test) 115 mCdC1 2 iv. + Na2Se03 sc. 115mCdC1 2 iv. + Na 2Te03 sc. °-'•") 115mCdC12 iv. + Na 2 30 3 sc. expressed in percent of the total administered dose * significant difference from control value (P < 0.05) 5 that cadmium retention is greatest after the administration of sodium selenite, while sodium tellurite and sodium sulfite do not affect it significantly. The effect of sodium selenite is of long duration, for even on the 28th day 83% of the total administered dose of cadmium is retained in the body as a result of the influence of sodium selenite, while in a control test over the same time interval the retention is 75%.

2. Cadmium content in - organs 171

The cadmium contents found in the organs at different intervals after administration are shown in F.igs. 2 and 3.

a) Influence of sodium selenite. On account of the influence of sodium selenite, 24 hours after administration the cadmium content in the liver is higher than in the controls, but it subsequently rises in both groups and becomes the same. In the blood, too, the cadmium content is increased after 24 hours, but it decreases in the course of time. In the spleen the cadmium content is increased in the 1st week, in the testes and in the remains of the mice in the 4th week. In the kidneys the cadmium content is lower than in the controls during the first 24 hours, then increases sharply, and is higher than in the control group in the 4th week. The cadmium content in heart, lungs and femora decreases in the first 24 hours, in the brain during the first 24 hours and in the 1st week. 50 -

• •

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Fig.2. Influence of Na2Se0 3 , Na2Te0 3 and Na-SO 3 on the cadmium contents in the organs of mice at different intervals after administration (expressed in percent of the total administered dose; mean values with a 95% confidence interval). L - liver V - digestive tract N - kidneys 1:1 - remains

h) Influence of sodium tellurite. - After 24 hours the cadmium content in the liver is higher than in the controlà, but . subsequently it drops to the content found in the control group. 1_72 7

24 9d hrs. actio2 CdCi2 • ` k125P0) to T Cd02 tk1 2 TPO CACl2 .01'12 1;0 3

Fig.3. Influence of Na 2 Se03 , Na 2 Te0 3 and Na2 50 3 on the.cadmium contents in the organs of mice at different intervals after administration (expressed in percent of the total administered dose: mean values with a 95% confidence interval). M - spleen H - heart L - lungs G - brain 0 - femora Ho - testes B - blood

This increase during the first 24 hours is greater than after the administration of sodium selenite. The cadmium contents of kidneys and blood are decreased after , 24 hours. In the digestive tract the cadmium content is increased in the 4th week; in the brain it is decreased after 24 hours and in the 1st week, also in the remains of the mice and in the heart fter 24 hours and in the 4th week. The cadmium content of the femora is low throughout the entire 17 3 test period. No changes are observed in spleeh, liver and testes.

c) Influence of Sodium sulfite. In the liver the cadmium content is increased after 24 hours. In the digestive tract it is decreased, but increases again in the 4th week. In the kidneys the 174 cadmium content is decreased after 24 hours, but increased in the 4th week. In heart, lungs, femora, brain, and in the remains of the mice the cadmium content is decreased after 24 hours, but no changes are observed in spleen and blood.

Discussion

It is a known fact that cadmium is extensively bound and retained in the body (DECKEh et al., 1957). Our findings show that this retention is further increased by the administration of selenite. The effect of selenite is thus similar to that found in our previous studies on the influence of selenite on mercury (EYBL et al., 1969a). The retention occurring after the administration of selenite is of long duration. Sodium tellurite and sodium sulfite have no influence on the retention of cadmium in the body, but affect the distribution of cadmium. However, the variations with regard to distribution and retention are not as great as those found in the studies with mercury.

As has been pointed out earlier (EYBL et al., 1969a), the influence of the administered substances is presumably due to the 2- 2- interaction between the metal and the radicals Se0 3 or Te03. which are reduced in the body. The results of our studies show that the affinity of cadmium to the chalcogens in vivo is lower than that of mercury, an observation which agrees with our present knowledge of the affinity of cadmium and mercury to the chalcogens in vitro (ABRIKOSOV et al., 1967).

Bibliography

1 •Abrikosov, N. Ch., Bankina, V. F., Porrekaia, L. V.. Skudnova. E. V.. Schelimova. L. E.: Halbleiteratoffe, ihre Erzeugung und Eigenschaften. [Russ.] 3loskau: :Sauk& 1967. Decker, C. F., Byerruni, R. U., Hoppert, C. A.: A study of the distribution and retention of cadmium-115 in the albino rat. Arch. Rio-chem. 66, 140 (1957). 2 .Eybl, V., Sikora, J.. Hrnéifovà. M., :gertl, F.: Cher Tien Einflue von Natriurn- «knit auf die Ausacheidung und Verteilung des Queckailbers hei experimenteller Quecksilbervergiftung von Mâusen. (Tmehech.) Ca. Fysiol. 17. 156 (1968). — Koutenside. M., tioutenaki, J., Mertl, F.: The influence of zinc, cadmium and mercury on the retention and the distribution of selenium in mice. Physiol. bohemordoe. (1969b) (im Druck).()a. Lke. rress) Mertl, F.: Einflu8 der Chelatbildner auf die Ausacheidung des Cadmium» bei Cadmiumvergiftung. Nau.nyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 85 (1965).

- Einflulf von Natriumselenit..Natriunitellurit u .nd Natritarnsulfit auf Reten- tion und Verteilung von Quecksilber bei 3fliusen. Arch. Toxikol. 2.-r 296 (1969a). 10

175 Ganther, H. E., Baumann, C. A.: Seleniurri Metabolism. I. Effects of diet, arsenic and cadmium. J. Nutr. 77, 210 (1962). Gunn. S. A., Gould. T. C.. Anderson, W. A. D.: Mechanism of zinc, eysteine and selenium protection against cadmium-indueed vascular injury to mouse testis. J. fteprod. Fertil. Li. 65 (1968). • . . Kar: A. B.. the, R. P.. Mukerji. Prevent ion of cadmium induced changes in the gonads of rat by zinc and selenium -- a study in antagonism between nirtairt In the biological system. Proe. nat. Inst. Sri. India B 26, Suppl. 41) (1960). Dangupta, P. R.. Jehan. Q.: In vitro action of cadmium ehloride on isolated

seminiferous Winans of the rat testis. Arta biol. med. germ; IL 665 ( 1960). Lidén, K.: The deterinination of "Sr and other beta emitters in human beings from external measurements of the Brernsstrahlung. Proceedings' of the second United Nations international conferenee of the peaceful uses of atomic energy. Bd. 23. S. 133, Geneva, 1958. Mason. K. E.. Brown, J. A.. Young. J. O., Brown, J. E.: Effectiveness of aelenium and zinc protecting against cadmium induced injury of the rat testis. Anat. • 1Rec. 148, 309 (1964). 5 .Mehl, C. H.: Cher die Verwendung der premsstrahlung zur Untersuchung der Verteilung reiner Beta-Strahler im menschliehen Organismun. Strahlentherapie let. 569 (1957). 6 *Pafizek, J., 13eneè, I., Kalouskové, J., (hticlalovit. 1., Lefler, J., Babieke, A., Beneé, . J.: Metabolische Beziehungen zwischen einigen Spurelementen im Organismus: Kadmium, Zink, Selen, Querlisilber [Tschech.) s. Fysiol. 17. 235 (1968). Oitidalovil, I.: The protective effect -of small amounts of iselenite in sublimate intoxication. Experientia (Basel) 23, 142 (1967). s— — Bend, I., Babicke, A., Beneb, J.: Die Schutzwirkung der Spurrnengen von Natriumselenit bd der Vergiftung mit Verbindungen des Kadniiums und zwei- wertigen Quecksilbers. (Tschech.] es. Fysiot. IL 41 (1967).

Translation of German bibliographic entries:

1. Semi-conductors, their production and properties (in Russian). 2. The influence of sodium selenite on the excretion and distribution of mercury in experimental mercury poisoning of mice (in Czech). 3. The influence of chelating agents on the excretion of cadmium in cadmium poisoning«. 4. The influence of sodium selenite, sodium tellurite and sodium sulfite on the retention and distribution of mercury in mice. 5. The use of bremsstrahlung for studying the distribution of pure beta emitters in the human body. 6. Metabolic relationships between some trace elements in the body: cadmium, zinc, selenium, mercury (in Czech). • 1 1

7. The protective effect of traces of sodium selenite in poisoning with çompounds of cadmium and bivalent mercury (in Czech).

Author's address: Doz.Dr ..med. V. Eybl Pharmakologisches Institut, [Pharmacological Institute der Medizinischen Fakultât of the Faculty of Medicine, der Karls,yniversitât in Pilsen' Karls University] Karlovauka 48 . Pilsen, CSSR