ENERCON Magazine for Wind Energy 02/12
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Wind Energy Shipping and Logistics Is a Complex SCM Discipline As Each Wind Farm Project Requires Tailor-Made Solutions
Poulsen, T., Rytter, N.G.M., Chen, G.: Global Wind Turbine Shipping & Logistics – A Research Area of the Future?, conference proceedings International Conference on Logistics and Maritime Systems (LogMS), September 12-14, 2013, Singapore, www.logms2013.org [中文]全球风电物流——一个新兴的研究领域?作者托马斯.鲍尔森,尼尔斯.吕特, 陈刚,发表于 2013 年世界物流与海运系统大会,2013 年 9 月 12 日至 14 日于新加坡 1 GLOBAL WIND TURBINE SHIPPING & LOGISTICS - A RESEARCH AREA OF THE FUTURE? Thomas Poulsen, Gang Chen, and Niels G. M. Rytter Respectively Research Assistant, Assistant Professor, and Associate Professor at Aalborg University, Copenhagen campus, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark, emails respectively [email protected], [email protected], and [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper investigates shipping and logistics challenges of the rapidly growing wind turbine industry using an end-to-end supply chain perspective. Wind turbine supply chains execute activities related to inbound logistics, wind turbine production/assembly, outbound logistics, installation, operations/maintenance of active wind farms, and de-commissioning. Such activities are often spread out across countries or regions, and require long-distance transportation of parts, components, or modules. Wind turbines are growing in size and weight, requiring specialized equipment and handling. Each onshore or offshore wind farm project requires tailor-made shipping and logistics solutions as installation sites are unique. Wind turbine manufacturers and/or utility companies owning the wind farms therefore face several practical challenges regarding shipping and logistics activities which also make up significant costs for them while simultaneously posing an increasingly attractive revenue opportunity for shipping and logistics service companies. -
Investigation of Innovative Rotor Concepts for the Big Adaptive Rotor
Investigation of Innovative Rotor Concepts for the Big Adaptive Rotor Project Nick Johnson,1 Pietro Bortolotti,1 Katherine Dykes,1 Garrett Barter,1 Patrick Moriarty,1 Scott Carron,1 Fabian Wendt,1 Paul Veers,1 Josh Paquette,2 Chris Kelly,2 2 and Brandon Ennis 1 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2 Sandia National Laboratories NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Technical Report Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy NREL/TP-5000-73605 Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC September 2019 This report is available at no cost from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) at www.nrel.gov/publications. Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 Investigation of Innovative Rotor Concepts for the Big Adaptive Rotor Project Nick Johnson,1 Pietro Bortolotti,1 Katherine Dykes,1 Garrett Barter,1 Patrick Moriarty,1 Scott Carron,1 1 1 2 2 Fabian Wendt, Paul Veers, Josh Paquette, Chris Kelly, 2 and Brandon Ennis 1 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2 Sandia National Laboratories Suggested Citation Johnson, Nick, Pietro Bortolotti, Katherine Dykes, Garrett Barter, Patrick Moriarty, Scott Carron, Fabian Wendt, Paul Veers, Josh Paquette, Chris Kelly, and Brandon Ennis. 2019. Investigation of Innovative Rotor Concepts for the Big Adaptive Rotor Project. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-5000-73605. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/73605.pdf. NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Technical Report Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy NREL/TP-5000-73605 Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC September 2019 This report is available at no cost from the National Renewable Energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory Laboratory (NREL) at www.nrel.gov/publications. -
Splendid Prospects
WIND ENERGY The Iberian Peninsula has many excellent wind power locations. More and more wind farms are springing up in Spain and Portugal. Photos (3): Jan Oelker Splendid prospects The worldwide use of wind power is developing strongly. Unlimited opportunities in North America More and more markets are opening up, so that the boom In the USA the »Production Tax Credit«, PTC, is the driv- is not dependent on just a few countries. North America ing force. Unfortunately, for many years the US govern- ment didn’t feel able to grant the PTC on a long-term and Asia are growing in importance, but Europe will stay basis. Again and again there were interruptions to this support mechanism, so that the market was affected by dominant for the time being. a »yo-yo effect«, which was a problem for manufactur- ers (see diagram). There was a regular up and down on the US market. The manufacturer GE Energy, which is especially dependent on the US market, felt the effects particularly strongly, and the turnover dropped dramat- ll renewable energies are currently being expand- ically in 2004 (see table 2). ed strongly, but wind power is growing the Now, however, the situation seems to be calming fastest. The reasons are clear: The technology is down. In September 2005 the US government extend- mature, the costs per kilowatt hour are relative- ed the PTC until the end of 2007. This provided an ac- ly low and construction takes very little time. ceptable amount of security for investments and the Many governments are trying to reduce their depen- market has grown steadily since then. -
For Wind Farms
Technology & Technical Issues in Renewable Project Development Bruce Bailey, President AWS Truewind, LLC 255 Fuller Road Albany, NY 12203 [email protected] 1 Who is AWS Truewind z Industry Leader & Consultant for 5,000+ MW z Wind Energy Assessment, Engineering, Due Diligence, Forecasting/Scheduling • Experience in 40+ Countries • Established in 1983; 40 Employees 2 Technology & Technical Issues z Technology & Cost Trends z Defining Resources z Siting Tools z Project Development Steps z Challenges & Uncertainties z Conclusions 3 Annual Average Growth of Energy Technologies in the ‘90s 30 Wind 25 Solar PV 25.7* Geothermal 20 Nat. Gas 15 Hydro 16.8 Oil 10 Coal 3.0 5 2.1 Nuclear 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.6 Source: REPP, 0 Worldwatch 4 Costs of Energy from Different Energy Technologies 25 20 RenewableRenewable Options:Options: Conventional Options: 15 Costs don’t include externalities ¢10 kWh per 5 0 WindWind SmallSmall FuelFuel BioBio SolarSolar SolarSolar CoalCoal GTGT CCCC SCSC NuclearNuclear HydroHydro CellCell MassMass ThermalThermal PVPV Sources: BTM Consult, WindPower Monthly, GE Wind Energy Biomass : Direct fueled 5 20+ Years of Wind Technology Growth 1981 1985 1990 1996 1999 2004 Rotor (Meter) 10 17 27 40 50 77 KW 25 100 225 550 $750 1,500 Cost/kW $2,600 $1,650 $1,333¢ per $1,050kWh $950 $800 MWh 45 220 550 1,480 2,200 5,600 Bottom Line: 1981-1999 = 49x the power, 11x the cost; 1999-2004 = 2.6x the power, 1.8x the cost 6 U.S. Wind Potential is Large, But… Best Resources are Often Distant from Load Centers 7 Basic Qualities of Wind Project Sites z Strong Winds » Minimum Class 4 desired (>7 m/s @ hub height) for wind farms z Transmission Access » distance, voltage, excess capacity z Good Permitting Chances » land use compatibility » public acceptance » visual, noise, and bird/bat impacts z Adequate Land Area » economies of scale with larger project size » multiple landowners Crop of the 21st Century? 8 Siting Tools z Wind Maps & Other Regional Resource Data z Topographic Maps Old vs. -
ENERCON Wind Energy Converters Technology & Service
ENERCON wind energy converters Technology & Service PAGE 2 ENERCON U¾QOHUH*HQHO%DNóġTechnology & Service Yeniliklerle gelen avantaj PAGE 3 1 ENERCON turbine technology 6 Rotor blades 8 Direct drive 9 Annular generator technology 10 Tower construction 12 Precast concrete towers 13 Steel towers 14 Foundation construction 15 2 ENERCON WEC control system 16 Sensor system 18 ENERCON ice detection system 18 Rotor blade de-icing system 19 ENERCON storm control 19 3 ENERCON grid integration and wind farm management 20 Optimum grid integration 22 P/Q diagram/voltage stability 24 Power-frequency control 25 Inertia Emulation 26 Fault ride-through - option 27 Generation management system – power regulation for maximum yield 28 Bottleneck management – maximum output during bottlenecks 28 ENERCON SCADA RTU 29 ENERCON FCU 29 4 ENERCON remote monitoring 30 ENERCON SCADA system 32 ENERCON Service Info Portal 35 ENERCON PartnerKonzept 36 5 6 ENERCON product overview 40 PAGE 4 Technology & Service PAGE 5 Introduction ENERCON has been among the top producers is performed with 3D CAD systems which assist of wind energy converters for nearly 30 years the developers in verifying overstress and criti- now. Two of the key contributing factors to the FDODUHDVE\PHDQVRIWKHʖQLWHHOHPHQWPHWKRG company´s success are innovation and quality. Production processes are not launched until com- Both highly developed vertical integration and a prehensive quality tests have been completed – a comprehensive quality management system play strategy which has been successfully adopted by D VLJQLʖFDQW UROH LQ VHFXULQJ (1(5&21vV KLJK (1(5&21vV H[FOXVLYH SURGXFWLRQ SODQWV VLQFH quality standards. 2009. The company is therefore distinguished by outstanding quality and a high degree of vertical Through constant product enhancement and integration. -
Repower Systems AG Corporate Presentation
REpower Systems AG Corporate Presentation September 2009 “Of all the forces of nature, I should think the wind contains the largest amount of motive power – that is, power to move things.” …… Abraham Lincoln (1859) “We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories […] All this we can do. And all this we will do.” …… Barack Obama (2009) 2 There are four good reasons for the growth of renewable energies. Scarce resources Import dependency RENEWABLERENEWABLE Climatic change ENERGIESENERGIES Growing energy demand 3 Agenda At a glance Market Company Technology Projects Financials & Outlook 4 Fiscal year 2008/09 at a glance. ExpansionExpansion InnovationsInnovations OffshoreOffshore milestonesmilestones ofof capacitiescapacities StartStart ofof 5M5M serialserial ProductProduct launchlaunch ofof upgradedupgraded ConstructionConstruction startstart ofof newnew productionproduction inin thethe newnew offshoreoffshore turbineturbine REpowerREpower R&DR&D CentreCentre offshoreoffshore manufacturingmanufacturing andand 6M6M (Osterrönfeld, Germany) (Osterrönfeld, Germany) logisticslogistics centrecentre ProductProduct launchlaunch ofof newnew StartStart ofof rotorrotor bladeblade CompletionCompletion ofof firstfirst fullyfully onshoreonshore turbineturbine REpowerREpower productionproduction inin thethe newnew rotorrotor approvedapproved BelgiumBelgium offshoreoffshore 3.XM3.XM bladeblade facilityfacility windwind farmfarm „Thornton„Thornton Bank“Bank“ StartStart ofof serialserial productionproduction ofof FrameworkFramework -
ENERCON Magazine for Wind Energy 01/14
WINDBLATT ENERCON Magazine for wind energy 01/14 ENERCON installs E-115 prototype New two part blade concept passes practial test during installation at Lengerich site (Lower Saxony). ENERCON launches new blade test station Ultra modern testing facilities enables static and dynamic tests on rotor blades of up to 70m. ENERCON announces new WECs for strong wind sites E-82/2,3 MW and E-101/3 MW series also to be available for Wind Class I sites. 4 ENERCON News 21 ENERCON Fairs 23 ENERCON Adresses 12 18 Imprint Publisher: 14 New ENERCON wind energy converters ENERCON GmbH ENERCON announces E-82 and E-101 for strong wind sites. Dreekamp 5 D-26605 Aurich Tel. +49 (0) 49 41 927 0 Fax +49 (0) 49 41 927 109 www.enercon.de Politics Editorial office: Felix Rehwald 15 Interview with Matthias Groote, Member of the European Parliament Printed by: Chairmann of Committee on the Environment comments on EU energy policy. Beisner Druck GmbH & Co. KG, 8 Buchholz/Nordheide Copyright: 16 ENERCON Comment on EEG Reform All photos, illustrations, texts, images, WINDBLATT 01/14 graphic representations, insofar as this The Government's plans are excessive inflict a major blow on the onshore industry. is not expressly stated to the contrary, are the property of ENERCON GmbH and may not be reproduced, changed, transmitted or used otherwise without the prior written consent of Practice ENERCON GmbH. Cover Frequency: The WINDBLATT is published four 18 Replacing old machines times a year and is regularly enclosed 8 Installation of E-115 prototype to the «neue energie», magazine for Clean-up along coast: Near Neuharlingersiel ENERCON replaces 17 old turbines with 4 modern E-126. -
Wind Power: Energy of the Future It’S Worth Thinking About
Wind power: energy of the future It’s worth thinking about. »Energy appears to me to be the first and unique virtue of man.« Wilhelm von Humboldt 2 3 »With methods from the past, there will be no future.« Dr. Bodo Wilkens Wind power on the increase »Environmental protection is an opportunity and not a burden we have to carry.« Helmut Sihler When will the oil run out? Even if experts cannot agree on an exact date, one thing is certain: the era of fossil fuels is coming to an end. In the long term we depend on renewable sources of energy. This is an irrefutable fact, which has culminated in a growing ecological awareness in industry as well as in politics: whereas renewable sources of energy accounted for 4.2 percent of the total consumption of electricity in 1996, the year 2006 registered a proportion of 12 per- cent. And by 2020 this is to be pushed up to 30 percent. The growth of recent years has largely been due to the use of wind power. The speed of technical development over the past 15 years has brought a 20-fold rise in efficiency and right now wind power is the most economical regenerat- ive form there is to produce electricity. In this respect, Germany leads the world: since 1991 more than 19.460 wind power plants have been installed with a wind power capacity of 22.247 MW*. And there is more still planned for the future: away from the coastline, the offshore plants out at sea will secure future electricity supplies. -
Capital Dynamics Acquires 13 MW Sorbie Wind Project from Energiekontor AG
Capital Dynamics Acquires 13 MW Sorbie Wind Project from Energiekontor AG Second transaction of 2021 highlights successful, growing partnership between Capital Dynamics and Energiekontor Project estimated to reduce greenhouse emissions by over 0.7 million metric tons during its lifetime and contribute to Scotland’s pursuit of net-zero carbon targets London, 15 April 2021 - Capital Dynamics, an independent global private asset management firm, announced the acquisition of a 100 percent equity stake in the Sorbie onshore wind project from Energiekontor AG., a 13 MW shovel-ready, subsidy-free onshore wind project located in North Ayrshire, Scotland. Sorbie represents Capital Dynamics’ second acquisition of 2021 under its partnership with Energiekontor and follows the 50 MW Longhill wind transaction in March. Sorbie is estimated to reduce greenhouse emissions by over 0.7 million metric tons during its lifetime – the equivalent of emissions produced by over 150,000 passenger vehicles driven for a year or the electricity to power over 110,000 homes for a year. The project will commence construction in July 2021 and is expected to achieve commercial operations in the second half of 2022. Once operational, the project will benefit from Capital Dynamics' Clean Energy Infrastructure affiliate platform, Arevon Energy, and Energiekontor's longstanding operations management experience and optimisation support. “We are delighted that our multi-discipline collaboration with Energiekontor has yielded a second successful transaction in 2021, and together we look forward to bringing this critical UK infrastructure to fruition,” said Barney Coles, Managing Director, Clean Energy Infrastructure at Capital Dynamics. “In the year Scotland plays host to the COP 26 UN Climate Change Conference, we are proud to contribute to the region’s pursuit of meeting ambitious net-zero carbon targets and to support the UK’s post-pandemic ‘green recovery’ plan.” “We have always considered our Scottish pipeline, which we have built up over the last few years, to be of great value. -
Wind Force 10
WIND FORCE 10 A BLUEPRINT TO ACHIEVE 10% OF THE W O R L D’S ELECTRICITY FROM WIND POWER BY 2020 Wind power today is a success story supplying electricity to millions of people, employing tens of thousands of people and generating billions of dollars revenue. The pace of change and progress has been rapid for such a young industry. The benefits of wind power are compelling; environmental protection, economic growth job creation, diversity of supply, rapid deployment, technology transfer and innovation. The fuel is free, abundant and inexhaustible. Yet these benefits remain largely untapped; most energy decisions taken today overlook wind power, and it faces many obstacles and barriers. On climate change, an emerging international consensus states that business-as- usual is not an option, that the world must move into a clean energy economy. And some argue that tackling climate change is too daunting a challenge, that change is somehow too costly for economies and industry. In this battleground for solutions, wind power is a premier choice to help counter deadlock and delay – an affordable, feasible, mainstream global power force that is able to substitute for fossil fuels. We have produced this rep o r t in order to update our understanding of the contribution that wind power can make to the world – it is deliberately conserva t i v e . The rep o r t is a practical blueprint to show that wind power is capable of supplying 10% of the world’s electricity within two decades, even if we double our overall electricity use in that time. -
Wind Energy Overview
An overview of Wind Power development in the Midwest Douglas J. Reinemann, Ph.D. Professor of Biological Systems Engineering University of Wisconsin – Madison Wind is one of the fastest growing Renewable energy sources in the world Annual Wind Turbine Installations Worldwide (MW) 6,000 6,000 Worldwide installed capacity (2001): 24,000 MW (~ 12.6 million homes @ 5,000 kWh/home and 30% wind capacity factor) 5,000 5,000 8,100 MW Germany 3,175 MW Spain 4,240 MW U.S. 2,417 MW Denmark 4,000 4,000 MW 45,000 MW predicted by 2005 3,000 3,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 0 0 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Source: Danish Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association & BTM Consult 1 Windmills? Early application of wind was for grinding grain (Wind-Mill) and pumping water (Windmill?) Making Electricity Wind Turbine Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) Components of a WECS Gearbox Tower Rotor Foundation Controls Generator Illustration Source: RETScreen International www.retscreen.net 2 Where does the wind come from? Solar heating of the earth’s surface High pressure Vs. Low pressure systems Circulation Cell patterns •Hadley Cell (trade winds) •Ferrel Cell •Polar Cell Illustration source: Renewable Energy And where does it go? Power for a Sustainable Future, G. Boyle, 2004, Oxford Press Local Winds Sea Breezes Result of the seas ability to maintain temperature Daytime land heats, sea is cool Nighttime land cools faster than sea Illustration source: Renewable Energy Power for a Sustainable Future, G. -
Status Report on the First Quarter of 2021
First Quarter Report 2021 Brief portrait of Energiekontor AG A solid business policy and a lot of experience in renewable energies: That's what Energiekontor has stood for for 30 years. Founded in Bremerhaven in 1990, the Company is one of the pioneers in the industry and is now one of Germany's leading project developers. Its core business ranges from the planning and construction to the operational management of wind farms in Germany and abroad and was expanded in 2010 to include solar energy. In addition, Energiekontor operates wind and solar farms with a nominal output of almost 280 megawatts in its own portfolio. Energiekontor AG is also taking on a pioneering role in economic terms and wants to realise the first wind and solar parks in all target markets at market prices as quickly as possible, independently of government subsidies. In addition to its headquarters in Bremen, Energiekontor has offices in Bremerhaven, Hagen im Bremischen, Aachen, Bernau bei Berlin, Potsdam and Augsburg. The Company also has offices in England (Leeds), Scotland (Edinburgh, Glasgow), Portugal (Lisbon), USA (Austin/Texas, Rapid City/South Dakota) and France (Toulouse, Rouen). The proud balance sheet since the Company was founded: 127 realised wind farms and twelve solar parks with a total output of over 1 gigawatt. This corresponds to an investment volume of almost € 1.8 billion. The Company went public on 25 May 2000. The Energiekontor AG share (WKN 531350 / ISIN DE0005313506) is listed in the General Standard of the German Stock Exchange in Frankfurt and can be traded on all German stock exchanges.