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Analysis of Energy Resources and Programs of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

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Analysis of Energy Resources and Programs of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe W ...up.«..:» II ... P.M.. ■ ' ■ — ' " AD-A012 971. ANALYSIS OF ENERGY RESOURCES AND PROGRAMS OF THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE. APPENDIX D: GAS George D. Hopkins, et ^l Stanford Research Institute Prepared for: Rome Air Development Center Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency December 1973 DISTRIBUTED BY: urnNational Technical information Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE - - —■ - . - — '*^~~~~~~~-'^m™*mm*ma*r^*^mmmimw<mmmm*mmmmm^mmi*mi''rm''**'*'i'*'~**^ mmmmmm wammmimm ROV 974 .» \ \RADC-TR - 74-204 Tachnlcal Roport fA. ftPftrfD. December 1973 ANALYSIS OF ENERGY RESOURCES AND PROGRAMS OF THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE Appendix D: Gas StanfordFord Research InstituteIns1 AF SoCoil.- 1?>- C' ÖZLOO Sponsored By Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPA Order No. 2339 Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the U. S. Government. Rome Air Development Center Air Force Systems Command Griffiss Air Force Bose, New York D D C p., AUG 4 1975 11 ilkusLkU U üüjj D —-J—"—■^"^--" mm^^ - p^Mpmnpp^^^^m ii«^.! Minn i i ■"■— -—■" w iMiMWim iH"«iwii ■ÄRbWoPOFbemde I y NSA (TDL) . ^^ This technical report hi« been reviewed and is approved. /I/ A7 y^r^' ß tn-£~ ^7Ä0AOl297l If this copy is not needed, return to KADC (IRRO/Capt Trossbach, Jr.) GAFB WY 13441. ii 11 immrmrfiiiMMMi ^^ A r UNCLASSIFinn AD-Ä^/a.97/ SECUBITY CLASSIFICATION or THIS PAGE (Whmn Dmlm Enlmrtd) READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM 1 REPORT NUMBER |2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER RADC-TR-74-204, Appendix D 4 TITLE und Submit) 8. TYPE OF REPORT ft PERIOD COVERED \nalysis of Tncrny Resources HIK' ProTnns Final Report of the Soviet Union and Tastern Turope; February-Decemljer 19 73 Appendix D: Has 6 PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER T AUTM^Rf«; !v. (Tcorrc I). Hopkins S. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBERft; Mr. .".'ick Korcns F30602-73-C-0200 St Blrt»^ ffeisi?1!». » PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10 PROGRAM ELEMENT, PROJECT, TASK Stanford Research Institute AREA ft WORK UNIT NUMBERS 333 Ravensuooi! \vcn»je 62701D Mcnlo Park. California 94025 23390002 II. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12. REPORT DATE Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Decenher 1973 1400 v.'ilson Boulevard II. NUMBER OF PAGES Arlington. Virginia 22209 5:b " MONITORING AGENCY NAME ft ADDRESSC// dllltrfil from Confroll/n« Olllc») IS. SECURITY CLASS, (ol Ml/« rmport) "one Air Developnent Center/IPRO Unclassified Griffiss AFB MY 13441 IS«. DECLASSIFICATION/OOWNGRADING i SCHEDULE 16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol Ihlt Rtpotl) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. IT, DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol Ihm mbmlrmcl mnlortd In Block 30, II dlllmrtnl from Roparl) None 18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES KEY WORDS fConllnuo on revtrae uldm II nocottmry and Idmntlty by block r.umbor) SOVIHT UNION; r.NI-P.GY; COM,; PETROLEtl»!; CAS; ELECTRIC POWER; nr.'ERGY CnNSWIPTION; ENERGY RESOURCES; ENERGY TRANSFER; CMEA COUNTRIES; NUCLEAR ENERGY ^1 lV9STl4Aq'CC4rl/'V'eon ■•v*rH tldo II nocomtmry and Idtnllly by block number; The obiective of this study was to conduct an analysis of the energy resources and prorrans of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and their relationship to the rest of the world. A survey was nade of energy development technology which included exnlora- tion, development, production, distribution, storage and utilizatio of energy and now forms of enercy. Also, an appraisal was made of recent resource recovery and research and development of energy conversion technology, distribution, and utilization (Over) R DD,^N"3 1473 EDITION OF I NOV 68 IS OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAUE (Whrnn Dmlm Bnlmrmd) ■ i l — - 1 m ■ mm m —" '— ■ •' U.NCLASSIPTFI) «eCuHITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEflyhw. Dmlm Bnlmfd) BLOC« 20. Abstract (Continued) I.JLfl1^ assesses the capabUlty of the Soviet Union to satisfy its own demands for natural gas as well as its potential for supplying gu fron their hu^e domestic resorts to Ehe Ues?! UNCLASSIFIED I *- SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PACTdWi«. Dal, Enfttd) J -..—-^.^■.Jii^. .. ^ ' ■ - ■ • -- in II«I - — ■— i^^^guutMmtm^im^k^M i u * ■"—■ ANALYSIS OF ENERGY RESOURCES AND PROGRAMS OF THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE Appendix D: Gas 'George D. Hopkins Nick Körens Dr. Richard A. Schmidt Carl A. Trexel, Jr. Contractor: Stanford Research Institute Contract Number: F30602-73-C-0200 Effective Date of Contract: 28 February 1973 Contract Expiration Date: 15 December 1973 Amount of Contract: $174,950.00 Program Code Number: 3F10 Principal. Investigator: George Hopkins Phone: 415 326-6200, X-2685 Project Engineer: John M. Trossbach, Jr., Capt Phone: 315 330-2344 Contract Engineer: Francis L. Karlin, Capt Phone: 315 330-2719 Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. This research was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense and was m nitored by Capt Trossbach, Jr., RADC (IRROJ GAFB NY 13441 under Contract F30602-73-C-0200. Job Order No. 23390002. ■ ■ ■■ '■ - ■ mmmw^^^mmamm CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IV LIST OF TABLES v I NATURAL GAS IN THE USSR 1 A. Introduction 1 B. Natural Gas Resources 2 1. General 2 2. Total Gas Resources 7 3. Natural Gas Reserves 11 4. Natural Gas Outlook 15 C. Historical Production of Gas 17 D. Natural Gas Processing in the USSR 23 1. LPG Processing Facilities 23 2. Condensate Processing 27 3. Acid Gas Removal 28 E. Transportation of Natural Gas in the USSR 29 1. Overview and Statistical Data 29 2. Future Situation in Soviet Gas Transmission Transmission System 42 r'. Natural Gas Storage 45 G. Capital Investments in the Gas Industry 50 H. End Use of Natural Gas 55 II GAS IN EASTERN EUROPE 81 A. Natural Gas Resources in Eastern European Countries 62 B. Geology of Eastern European Gas Deposits 65 1. Geology of Bulgaria's Gas Deposits 65 2. Geology of Czechoslovakia's Gas Deposits 65 3. Geology of E. German Draocratic Republic's Gas Deposits 65 4. Geology of Hungary's Gas Deposits 68 5. Geology of Poland's Gas Deposits 70 6. Geology of Romania's Gas Deposits 70 ii --' ■ C. Production, Consumption, and Transport in Kastern Europe 71 1. Overview 71 2. Bulgaria , 72 3. Czechoslovakia 75 4. German Democratic Republic MO 5. Hungary M 1 6. Poland H7 7. Romania 01 REFERENCES 96 in —"———■ ■ mmm ILLUSTRATIONS l)-l Natural Gas Production in the USSR (Including Associated Gas) 2 1 D-2 Gas Processing Plants in the USSR 26 D-3 Major Elements of the USSR Gas Pipeline System .... M U-l Planned System of Gas Pipelines from the USSR to Countrie.s of Kastern Europe -10 U-5 Underground Natural Gas Storage Reservoirs in the USSR. 48 I)-6 Movement of Natural Gas in 1070 66 I)-7 The Gas Fields of Hungary 69 D-8 Fuel Transport in Bulgaria 14 U-9 Planned Gas Pipeline from the USSR to Bulgaria 76 D-10 Gas—Production and Consumption in Czechoslovakia (1971) in Teracalones 77 U-ll Fuel Transport in Czechoslovakia 79 D-12 Gas—Production and Consumption in the German Democratic Republic (1971) in Teracalories 81 D-13 Fuel Transport in the German Democratic Republic . 83 D-14 Gas—Production and Consumption in Hungary (1971) in Teracalories 85 D-15 Fuel Transport in Hungary 86 ü-16 Gas—Production and Consumption in Poland (1971) in Teracalories 88 D-17 Fuel Transport in Poland 90 D-18 Gas—Production and Consumption in Romania (1970) in Teracalories 92 D-19 Fuel Transport in Romania 94 iv ■-- - ■ ■ - ' ' ■--^—.-— -■- --^--. : - "'^ Il 1 """ —^ - '■ ' I ■! l LIST OF TADLE: D-l Distribution of Soviet Gas Resources by Age ... 7 D-2 Distribution of USSR Gas Resources by Depth . I n Estimated Gas Resources in the USSR 10 D-4 Major Gas Fields of the USSR. La D-5 USSR Estimated Gas Resources as of 1 January 1966 13 D-6 USSR Reserves of Natural Gas in Categories A + B 4- c at Beginning of Year 11 D-7 Conparison of Estimates of Soviet Gas Resources 11 D-8 Summary of Soviet Gas Resources by Region D-9 Production of Gas in the USSR from 1913 to 1970 . IK D-10 Production of Gas from Coal and Shale by Soviet Republics (1940-1970) iy D-ll Extraction of Nonassociated and Associated Natural Gas in the USSR ... 20 D-12 Extraction of Natural Gas by Republic. 1971 (Preliminary) . 21 D-13 Soviet Natural Gas Production in 1970 by Region ... 22 D-14 Production of Liquefied Gases at Gas Processing Plants. 33 D-15 Length of Gas Pipelines by Type at Beginning of Year. 30 D-16 Distribution of Transmission Gas Pipelines by Pipe Diameter at Beginning of Yoar 32 D-l 7 Gas Transport Cost, from 1960 to 1968 33 D-18 Growth of Natural Gas Pipelines ana Volumes of Natural Gas Transmitted by Pipelines in the USSR - 1950-1970 33 D-19 Transport Cost for Various Fuels in 1960. 36 D-20 Underground Storage of Gas 46 D-21 Capital Investment in Gas Processing Plants .... 50 D-22 Capital Investment in the Equipping of Fields . 51 - -- ..^—...—..-..- . ^*. — ^ -——■■--' --'■ '-- ■Mi ——— ■»^PWW»" IMPI^F" Length of Transmission Gas Pipelines by Type 5 3 l)-2 i Distribution of Transmission Gas Pipelines by Diameter 54 Ksl imates Tor Pipolinn Construct ion Costs i ii Ihv IViiod 1<»(>(>-I!t7(i l)-26 Extraction of Associated Gas i>y Union-Kopublic .... 56 D-27 Resources, Extraction, Losses and Utilization of Associated Gases 57 D-^S Consumption of Gas in the USSR 59 D-29 Production and Distribution of Liquefied Gases .... 60 D-30 Estimated Natural Gas Reserves of Eastern European Countries 62 D-31 Comparison of Estimates of Natural Gas Reserves 62 D-32 Estimated Natural Gas Resource Potential in Eastern Europer 63 D-33 Production of Natural Gas (Including Associated) in Eastern Europe 67 D-3} Trends in Poland's Gas Reserve Estimates ..
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