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Revista Do Jardim Botânico Do Rio De Janeiro ISSN 0370-6583 es ia Revista do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Volume 61 Número 2 2010 13 0E 5) Rodrigu BBJSl Revista do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Volume 61 (2): 1 57-352 Abril-Junho 2010 INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - Rua Jardim Botânico 1008 Jardim Botânico - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - CEP 22460-180 ©JBRJ ISSN 0370-6583 Presidência da República Rodriguésia LUÍS INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA A revista Rodriguésia é uma trimestral do Instituto Presidente publicação de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, a qual foi criada em 1935. A Revista publica artigos científicos originais, Ministério do Meio Ambiente de revisão, de opinião e notas científicas em diversas áreas IZABELLA MÔNICA VIEIRA TEIXEIRA da Biologia Vegetal (taxonomia, sistemática e evolução, Ministra fisiologia, fitoquímica, ultraestrutura, citologia, anatomia, palinologia, desenvolvimento, genética, biologia reprodutiva, JOSÉ MACHADO ecologia, etnobotànica e filogeografia), bem como em História Secretário-Executivo da Botânica e atividades ligadas a Jardins Botânicos. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro LISZT VIEIRA Presidente Ficha catalográfica Rodriguésia: revista do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. — Vol.l, n.l (1935) - .- Rio de Janeiro: Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rb de Janeiro, 1935- Indexação v. : il. ; 28 cm. DOAJ Trimestral Index of Botanical Publications (Harvard University Herbaria) Inclui resumos em português e inglês Latindex ISSN 0370-6583 Referativnyi Zhurnal 1. Botânica I. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico Review of Plant Pathology do Rio de Janeiro Ulrich's International Periodicals Directory CDD - 580 - Esta publicação é afiliada à ABEC- Brasil CDU 58(01) Corpo Editorial Editora-chefe Karen Lúcia Gama De Toni, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Editores -assistentes André Mantovani, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Daniela Zappi, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Inglaterra Editores de Área Alessandra Rapini, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA Francisca Soares de Araújo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE Gilberto Menezes Amado Filho, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Giselda Durigan, Instituto Horestal do Estado de São Paulo, Assis, SP Lana da Silva Sylvestre, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ Marccus Vinícius Alves, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE Maria das Graças Sajo, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP Nivaldo Peroni, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Horianópolis, SC Tânia Sampaio Pereira, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Tânia Wendt, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Editoração Edição on-line Carla Molinari Carla Molinari Simone Bittencourt Simone Bittencourt Dayanne Martins (bolsista CNCFlora) Capa Edição eletrônica Simone Bittencourt http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br SUMÁRIO/CONTENTS Artigos Crescimento Initial Marilda Sistema Breeding Marina Morfoanatomia Morphoanatomy Alessandra significado O município The cultural Jeremoabo Vanusa Fungos causadores Rust Isadora Samambaias estado Ferns Jeferson Additions Adições Massimiliano Orchidaceae Orchidaceae Alessandro Bromeliaceae Bromeliaceae Thiago Chrysobalanaceae Chrysobalanaceae Paula Malvaceae Flora Revisão Rodriguesia 61(2): 157-165. 2010 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br Crescimento inicial de plantas Euterpe edulis Mart. em diferentes condições de luz, água e nutrientes Initial growth of seedlings of Euterpe edulis Mart under different conditions of light, water and mineral nutrients Marílda Neuburger1, Thaysi Ventura de Souza2 & Maria Terezinha Silveira Paulilo3 Resumo A introdução e manejo de plântulas de Euterpe edulis Mart. em florestas tem sido uma alternativa encontrada para não levar a espécie à extinção devido ao extrativismo desenfreado. O objetivo deste estudo é ampliar o conhecimento das exigências ecológicas das plântulas desta espécie, visando auxiliar sua conservação in situ. Frutos despolpados da espécie germinaram em casa de vegetação e as plântulas, ainda com os vestígios da semente ligados ao eixo embrionário, foram separadas em seis lotes. Cada lote recebeu os seguintes tratamentos: 2% de luminosidade, 50% de luminosidade, sem nutrição mineral, com nutrição mineral, irrigação a cada dois dias e irrigação a cada sete dias. Observou-se que o tempo de esgotamento das reservas das sementes não pareceu ser influenciado pela intensidade de luz e fertilidade do solo, como também o peso da matéria seca, área foliar e número de folhas das luz e fertilidade do plântulas, sugerindo que o crescimento da plântula parece ser independente da intensidade de solo enquanto há reservas na semente. Sob regime de menor disponibilidade de água, as plântulas apresentaram apresentaram aumento no teor de prolina da folha, indicando que a espécie apresenta regulação osmótica As plântulas inibição do crescimento a 2% de luz solar, indicando que o nível de luz solar que chega ao interior da floresta fechada pode ser limitante para o crescimento de plântulas desta espécie. Palavras-chave: água, Arecaceae, luz, nutrientes minerais, palmiteiro, plântula. Abstract The introduetion and management of Euterpe edulis seedlings in forests is an altemati ve that has been found to prevent the species' extinetion. The aim of this study is to increase our knowledge of the ecological demands of seedlings of this species in order to contribute to in situ conservation. Fruits of Euterpe edulis without pulp were germinated in the attached to the greenhouse, in veimiculite moistened with water. The seedlings obtained, still with some seed reserves embryonic axis, were separated in six groups. Each received the following treatment: 2% sunlight, 50% sunlight, without mineral nutrition, with mineral nutrition, irrigation every other day and irrigation every seven days. It was observed that the time of seed-reserve depletion did not seem to be influenced by light intensity or soil fertility, nor did dry mass, leaf área and number of leaves, which suggests that seedling growth is independem of these environmental factors while the seed reserves are present. Under decreasing water, seedlings showed an increase in proline content, indicating a mechanism of osmotic regulation. The plants showed growth inhibition under 2% sunlight. This result indicates that the levei of light intensity that rcaches the interior of a closed forest can limit seedling growth. Key words: water, Arecaceae, light, mineral nutrients, palmiteiro, seedling. Introduçãoe manejo do palmiteiro em florestas naturais ou O palmiteiro (Euterpe edulis Mart.), espécieplantadas tem sido uma alternativa encontrada para climácica da floresta ombrófila densa (Conte et al.não levar a espécie à extinção devido ao extrativismo 2000), é de grande valor econômico, porém não sedesenfreado (Reis et al. 2000). Tanto para a introdução adapta facilmente ao monoculti vo devido às suasquanto para o manejo de uma espécie, há a necessidade exigências ecológicas (Clement 2000). A introduçãodo conhecimento de suas exigências ecológicas, ' Mestre em Biologia Vegetal. Programa de Pós-Graduação cm Biologia Vegetal, UFSC !Mestranda em Biologia Vegetal. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, UFSC. "Autor Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Depto. Botânica. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal. para correspondência: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900. Florianópolis. SC Brasil, [email protected] 158 Neuburger, M., Souza, T.V. & Paulilo, M.T.S. ê principalmente na fase de estabelecimento de plântulas, Plantas com 135 dias, em número de 252, foram uma das fases do ciclo de vida dos vegetais mais retiradas das caixas de madeira com vermiculita e vulneráveis ao ambiente & Westoby 1991). (Haig O transplantadas para sacos plásticos pretos, furados ambiente florestal não é homogêneo em relação aos na base, de IL de volume, contendo areia, barro e recursos luminosos, hídricos e minerais, principalmente vermiculite na proporção 2:1:2. As plântulas foram ao nitrogênio e fósforo (Chapin et al. 1987), o quanto separadas em quatro lotes, 63 plantas por lote, cada que poderia afetar a colonização de plântulas num ou lote recebendo um dos seguintes tratamentos: noutro local da floresta. Algumas características Tratamento 1: 2% luz, com adubação; Tratamento apresentadas espécies, pelas como o tempo de duração 2: 2% luz, sem adubação; Tratamento 3: 50% luz, das reservas da semente (Houter & Steege 2000) e a com adubação; Tratamento 4: 50% luz, sem das em maximizar plasticidade plântulas a captação dos adubação. Cada tratamento constou de três recursos & Feleke 2001) favorecer (Fetene podem a unidades experimentais, cada unidade com 21 colonização numa maior de ambientes gama florestais, plantas. Nos tratamentos com adubação, as aumentando sua de regeneração. plantas probabilidade foram irrigadas mensalmente com 50 mL de solução Estudos anteriores com Euterpe edulis de NPK, na concentração de 1,4 mg mL1. A redução verificaram aspectos relacionados ao tempo de de luz solar foi obtida com tela de degradação de reservas et al. 1996; Venturi por (Andrade sombreamento de 50% ou 98% de redução de luz. & Paulilo 1998), à influência da variação da adubação A cada 30 dias após o início do experimento, foram (Venturi & Paulilo 1998) e da intensidade de luz coletadas nove plantas tratamento (Nakazono
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