Max Von Laue
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Abraham-Solution to Schwarzschild Metric Implies That CERN Miniblack Holes Pose a Planetary Risk
Abraham-Solution to Schwarzschild Metric Implies That CERN Miniblack Holes Pose a Planetary Risk O.E. Rössler Division of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 F.R.G. Abstract A recent mathematical re-interpretation of the Schwarzschild solution to the Einstein equations implies global constancy of the speed of light c in fulfilment of a 1912 proposal of Max Abraham. As a consequence, the horizon lies at the end of an infinitely long funnel in spacetime. Hence black holes lack evaporation and charge. Both features affect the behavior of miniblack holes as are expected to be produced soon at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The implied nonlinearity enables the “quasar-scaling conjecture.“ The latter implies that an earthbound minihole turns into a planet-eating attractor much earlier than previously calculated – not after millions of years of linear growth but after months of nonlinear growth. A way to turn the almost disaster into a planetary bonus is suggested. (September 27, 2007) “Mont blanc and black holes: a winter fairy-tale.“ What is being referred to is the greatest and most expensive and potentially most important experiment of history: to create miniblack holes [1]. The hoped-for miniholes are only 10–32 cm large – as small compared to an atom (10–8 cm) as the latter is to the whole solar system (1016 cm) – and are expected to “evaporate“ within less than a picosecond while leaving behind a much hoped-for “signature“ of secondary particles [1]. The first (and then one per second and a million per year) miniblack hole is expected to be produced in 2008 at the Large Hadron Collider of CERN near Geneva on the lake not far from the white mountain. -
Einstein's Mistakes
Einstein’s Mistakes Einstein was the greatest genius of the Twentieth Century, but his discoveries were blighted with mistakes. The Human Failing of Genius. 1 PART 1 An evaluation of the man Here, Einstein grows up, his thinking evolves, and many quotations from him are listed. Albert Einstein (1879-1955) Einstein at 14 Einstein at 26 Einstein at 42 3 Albert Einstein (1879-1955) Einstein at age 61 (1940) 4 Albert Einstein (1879-1955) Born in Ulm, Swabian region of Southern Germany. From a Jewish merchant family. Had a sister Maja. Family rejected Jewish customs. Did not inherit any mathematical talent. Inherited stubbornness, Inherited a roguish sense of humor, An inclination to mysticism, And a habit of grüblen or protracted, agonizing “brooding” over whatever was on its mind. Leading to the thought experiment. 5 Portrait in 1947 – age 68, and his habit of agonizing brooding over whatever was on its mind. He was in Princeton, NJ, USA. 6 Einstein the mystic •“Everyone who is seriously involved in pursuit of science becomes convinced that a spirit is manifest in the laws of the universe, one that is vastly superior to that of man..” •“When I assess a theory, I ask myself, if I was God, would I have arranged the universe that way?” •His roguish sense of humor was always there. •When asked what will be his reactions to observational evidence against the bending of light predicted by his general theory of relativity, he said: •”Then I would feel sorry for the Good Lord. The theory is correct anyway.” 7 Einstein: Mathematics •More quotations from Einstein: •“How it is possible that mathematics, a product of human thought that is independent of experience, fits so excellently the objects of physical reality?” •Questions asked by many people and Einstein: •“Is God a mathematician?” •His conclusion: •“ The Lord is cunning, but not malicious.” 8 Einstein the Stubborn Mystic “What interests me is whether God had any choice in the creation of the world” Some broadcasters expunged the comment from the soundtrack because they thought it was blasphemous. -
100 Jahre Physik in Frankfurt Am Main in Der Reihenfolge Ihrer Tätigkeit an Der Universität
INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 5 100 Jahre Physik in Frankfurt am Main in der Reihenfolge ihrer Tätigkeit an der Universität Einleitung von Klaus Bethge und Claudia Freudenberger 9 Zum Fachbereich Physik von Wolf Aßtnus 17 1907- 1927 Martin Brendel (1862 - 1939) von Wilhelm H. Kegel 21 1908-1932 Richard Wachsmuth (1868 - 1941) von Walter Saltzer 36 1914-1917 Max von Laue (1879 - 1960) von Friedrich Beck 52 1914-1922 Otto Stern (1888 - 1969) von Immanuel Estermann 76 1919-1921 Max Born (1882 - 1970) von Friedrich Hund 91 1914-1922 Alfred Lande (1888 - 1976) von Azim O. Barut 120 1920- 1925 Walther Gerlach (1889 - 1979) von Helmut Rechenberg 131 1921 - 1949 Erwin Madelung (1881 - 1972) von Ulrich E. Schröder 152 1921 - 1934 und 1953 - 1963 Friedrich Dessauer (1881 - 1963) von Wolfgang Pohlit 168 http://d-nb.info/105995575X 6 PHYSIKER AN DER GOETHE-UNIVERSITÄT 1924 - 1933 Cornelius Lanczos (1893 - 1974) von Helmut Rechenberg 194 1925 - 1937 Karl Wilhelm Meissner (1891 - 1959) von Jörg Kummer 208 1928 - 1933 Hans Albrecht Bethe (1906 - 2005) von Horst Schmidt-Böcking 221 1932- 1951 Max Seddig (1877 - 1963) von Günter Haase 242 1934- 1966 Boris Rajewsky (1893 - 1974) von Erwin Schopper 252 1938 - 1961 Marianus Czerny (1896 - 1985) von Helmut A. Müser 275 1940 - 1970 Willy Hartner (1905 - 1981) von Matthias Schramm 315 1937 - 1945 Wolfgang Gentner (1906 - 1980) von Ulrich Schmidt-Rohr 332 1951 - 1972 Hermann Dänzer (1904 - 1987) von Jörg Kummer 350 1946- 1973 Bernhard Mrowka (1907 - 1973) von Dieter Langbein 361 1958 - 1977 Wolfgang Gleißberg (1903 - 1986) von Wilhelm H. Kegel 371 1960-1981 Rainer Bass (1930 - 1981) von Klaus Bethge 382 INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 7 1964- 1969 Heinz Bilz (1926 - 1986) von Ulrich Schröder 391 1951 - 1956 Friedrich Hund (1896 - 1997) von Ulrich E. -
Bringing out the Dead Alison Abbott Reviews the Story of How a DNA Forensics Team Cracked a Grisly Puzzle
BOOKS & ARTS COMMENT DADO RUVIC/REUTERS/CORBIS DADO A forensics specialist from the International Commission on Missing Persons examines human remains from a mass grave in Tomašica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. FORENSIC SCIENCE Bringing out the dead Alison Abbott reviews the story of how a DNA forensics team cracked a grisly puzzle. uring nine sweltering days in July Bosnia’s Million Bones tells the story of how locating, storing, pre- 1995, Bosnian Serb soldiers slaugh- innovative DNA forensic science solved the paring and analysing tered about 7,000 Muslim men and grisly conundrum of identifying each bone the million or more Dboys from Srebrenica in Bosnia. They took so that grieving families might find some bones. It was in large them to several different locations and shot closure. part possible because them, or blew them up with hand grenades. This is an important book: it illustrates the during those fate- They then scooped up the bodies with bull- unspeakable horrors of a complex war whose ful days in July 1995, dozers and heavy earth-moving equipment, causes have always been hard for outsiders to aerial reconnais- and dumped them into mass graves. comprehend. The author, a British journalist, sance missions by the Bosnia’s Million It was the single most inhuman massacre has the advantage of on-the-ground knowl- Bones: Solving the United States and the of the Bosnian war, which erupted after the edge of the war and of the International World’s Greatest North Atlantic Treaty break-up of Yugoslavia and lasted from 1992 Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP), an Forensic Puzzle Organization had to 1995, leaving some 100,000 dead. -
Luis Alvarez: the Ideas Man
CERN Courier March 2012 Commemoration Luis Alvarez: the ideas man The years from the early 1950s to the late 1980s came alive again during a symposium to commemorate the birth of one of the great scientists and inventors of the 20th century. Luis Alvarez – one of the greatest experimental physicists of the 20th century – combined the interests of a scientist, an inventor, a detective and an explorer. He left his mark on areas that ranged from radar through to cosmic rays, nuclear physics, particle accel- erators, detectors and large-scale data analysis, as well as particles and astrophysics. On 19 November, some 200 people gathered at Berkeley to commemorate the 100th anniversary of his birth. Alumni of the Alvarez group – among them physicists, engineers, programmers and bubble-chamber film scanners – were joined by his collaborators, family, present-day students and admirers, as well as scientists whose professional lineage traces back to him. Hosted by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and the University of California at Berkeley, the symposium reviewed his long career and lasting legacy. A recurring theme of the symposium was, as one speaker put it, a “Shakespeare-type dilemma”: how could one person have accom- plished all of that in one lifetime? Beyond his own initiatives, Alvarez created a culture around him that inspired others to, as George Smoot put it, “think big,” as well as to “think broadly and then deep” and to take risks. Combined with Alvarez’s strong scientific standards and great care in execut- ing them, these principles led directly to the awarding of two Nobel Luis Alvarez celebrating the announcement of his 1968 Nobel prizes in physics to scientists at Berkeley – George Smoot in 2006 prize. -
Is It Time for a New Paradigm in Physics?
Vigier IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1251 (2019) 012024 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1251/1/012024 Is it time for a new paradigm in physics? Shukri Klinaku University of Prishtina Sheshi Nëna Terezë, Prishtina, Kosovo [email protected] Abstract. The fact that the two main pillars of modern Physics are incompatible with each other; the fact that some unsolved problems have accumulated in Physics; and, in particular, the fact that Physics has been invaded by weird concepts (as if we were in the Middle Ages); these facts are quite sufficient to confirm the need for a new paradigm in Physics. But the conclusion that a new paradigm is needed is not sufficient, without an answer to the question: is there sufficient sources and resources to construct a new paradigm in Physics? I consider that the answer to this question is also yes. Today, Physics has sufficient material in experimental facts, theoretical achievements and human and technological potential. So, there is the need and opportunity for a new paradigm in Physics. The core of the new paradigm of Physics would be the nature of matter. According to this new paradigm, Physics should give up on wave-particle dualism, should redefine waves, and should end the mystery about light and its privilege in Physics. The consequences of this would make Physics more understandable, and - more importantly - would make it capable of solving current problems and opening up new perspectives in exploring nature and the universe. 1. Introduction Quantum Physics and the theory of relativity are the ‘two main pillars’ of modern Physics. -
GROSS, Rudolf
Personal Details Name: Prof. Dr. Rudolf Gross Office address: Walther-Meißner-Institut Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Walther-Meißner-Str. 8, 85748 Garching Phone: +49 – 89 289 14201 Fax: +49 – 89 289 14206 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.wmi.badw.de Education and Scientific Career 1976 – 1982 Study of Physics, University of Tübingen 1983 Diploma Degree in Physics, University of Tübingen 1987 Ph.D. Degree in Physics, University of Tübingen 1987 Visiting Scientist, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba, Japan 1988 – 1989 Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Tübingen 1989 – 1990 Visiting Scientist, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA 1990 – 1993 Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Tübingen 1993 Habilitation, University of Tübingen 1993 – 1995 Assistant Professor, University of Tübingen 1996 – 2000 Full Professor, Chair for Applied Physics, II. Physikalisches Institut, Uni- versity of Cologne Principal Investigator and Board Member of the DFG Collaborative Re- search Center (SFB) 341 on ``Physics of Mesoscopic and Low Dimen- sional Metallic Systems’’ (Cologne, Aachen, Jülich) since 2000 Full Professor, Chair for Technical Physics (E 23), Technische Universität München Director of the Walther-Meißner-Institute for Low Temperature Re- search of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities 2004 – 2010 Principal Investigator of the DFG Research Unit 538 on ``Doping De- pendence of Phase Transitions and Ordering Phenomena in Copper-Ox- ygen Superconductors’’ 2003 – 2015 Spokesman of the DFG Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 631 on ``Solid State Quantum Information Processing: Physical Concepts and Material Aspects’’ since 2006 Member of the Excellence Center "Nanosystems Initiative Munich", Board member and Coordinator of Research Area 1 on Quantum Nanosystems Fellowships, Awards and Services to the Community 1984 Prof. -
Sterns Lebensdaten Und Chronologie Seines Wirkens
Sterns Lebensdaten und Chronologie seines Wirkens Diese Chronologie von Otto Sterns Wirken basiert auf folgenden Quellen: 1. Otto Sterns selbst verfassten Lebensläufen, 2. Sterns Briefen und Sterns Publikationen, 3. Sterns Reisepässen 4. Sterns Züricher Interview 1961 5. Dokumenten der Hochschularchive (17.2.1888 bis 17.8.1969) 1888 Geb. 17.2.1888 als Otto Stern in Sohrau/Oberschlesien In allen Lebensläufen und Dokumenten findet man immer nur den VornamenOt- to. Im polizeilichen Führungszeugnis ausgestellt am 12.7.1912 vom königlichen Polizeipräsidium Abt. IV in Breslau wird bei Stern ebenfalls nur der Vorname Otto erwähnt. Nur im Emeritierungsdokument des Carnegie Institutes of Tech- nology wird ein zweiter Vorname Otto M. Stern erwähnt. Vater: Mühlenbesitzer Oskar Stern (*1850–1919) und Mutter Eugenie Stern geb. Rosenthal (*1863–1907) Nach Angabe von Diana Templeton-Killan, der Enkeltochter von Berta Kamm und somit Großnichte von Otto Stern (E-Mail vom 3.12.2015 an Horst Schmidt- Böcking) war Ottos Großvater Abraham Stern. Abraham hatte 5 Kinder mit seiner ersten Frau Nanni Freund. Nanni starb kurz nach der Geburt des fünften Kindes. Bald danach heiratete Abraham Berta Ben- der, mit der er 6 weitere Kinder hatte. Ottos Vater Oskar war das dritte Kind von Berta. Abraham und Nannis erstes Kind war Heinrich Stern (1833–1908). Heinrich hatte 4 Kinder. Das erste Kind war Richard Stern (1865–1911), der Toni Asch © Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland 2018 325 H. Schmidt-Böcking, A. Templeton, W. Trageser (Hrsg.), Otto Sterns gesammelte Briefe – Band 1, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55735-8 326 Sterns Lebensdaten und Chronologie seines Wirkens heiratete. -
On Frame-Invariance in Electrodynamics
On Frame-Invariance in Electrodynamics Giovanni Romanoa aDepartment of Structural Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 - Naples, Italy e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The Faraday and Ampere` -Maxwell laws of electrodynamics in space- time manifold are formulated in terms of differential forms and exterior and Lie derivatives. Due to their natural behavior with respect to push-pull operations, these geometric objects are the suitable tools to deal with the space-time observer split of the events manifold and with frame-invariance properties. Frame-invariance is investigated in complete generality, referring to any automorphic transformation in space-time, in accord with the spirit of general relativity. A main result of the new geometric theory is the assess- ment of frame-invariance of space-time electromagnetic differential forms and induction laws and of their spatial counterparts under any change of frame. This target is reached by a suitable extension of the formula governing the correspondence between space-time and spatial differential forms in electro- dynamics to take relative motions in due account. The result modifies the statement made by Einstein in the 1905 paper on the relativity principle, and reproposed in the subsequent literature, and advocates the need for a revision of the theoretical framework of electrodynamics. Key words: Electrodynamics, frame-invariance, differential forms 1. Introduction arXiv:1209.5960v2 [physics.gen-ph] 10 Oct 2012 The history of electromagnetism is a really fascinating one, starting from the brilliant experimental discoveries by Romagnosi-Ørsted in 1800-1820 and by Zantedeschi-Henry-Faraday in 1829-30-31, and from the early beautiful theoretical abstractions that soon led to Faraday’s and Ampere` - Maxwell laws of electromagnetic inductions. -
Enrico Fermi
Fermi, Enrico Inventors and Inventions Enrico Fermi Italian American physicist Fermi helped develop Fermi-Dirac statistics, which liceo (secondary school) and, on the advice of Amidei, elucidate the group behavior of elementary particles. joined the Scuola Normale Superiore at Pisa. This elite He also developed the theory of beta decay and college, attached to the University of Pisa, admitted only discovered neutron-induced artificial radioactivity. forty of Italy’s top students, who were given free board Finally, he succeeded in producing the first sustained and lodging. Fermi performed exceedingly well in the nuclear chain reaction, which led to the discovery highly competitive entrance exam. He completed his of nuclear energy and the development of the university education after only four years of research and atomic bomb. studies, receiving his Ph.D. in physics from the Univer- sity of Pisa and his undergraduate diploma from the Born: September 29, 1901; Rome, Italy Scuola Normale Superiore in July, 1922. He became Died: November 28, 1954; Chicago, Illinois an expert theoretical physicist and a talented exper- Primary field: Physics imentalist. This rare combination provided a solid foun- Primary inventions: Controlled nuclear chain dation for all his subsequent inventions. reaction; Fermi-Dirac statistics; theory of beta decay Life’s Work After postdoctoral work at the University of Göttingen, Early Life in Germany (1922-1923), and the University of Leiden, Enrico Fermi (ehn-REE-koh FUR-mee) was the third in the Netherlands (fall, 1924), Fermi took an interim po- child of Alberto Fermi and Ida de Gattis. Enrico was very sition at the University of Florence in December, 1924. -
Einstein, Nordström and the Early Demise of Scalar, Lorentz Covariant Theories of Gravitation
JOHN D. NORTON EINSTEIN, NORDSTRÖM AND THE EARLY DEMISE OF SCALAR, LORENTZ COVARIANT THEORIES OF GRAVITATION 1. INTRODUCTION The advent of the special theory of relativity in 1905 brought many problems for the physics community. One, it seemed, would not be a great source of trouble. It was the problem of reconciling Newtonian gravitation theory with the new theory of space and time. Indeed it seemed that Newtonian theory could be rendered compatible with special relativity by any number of small modifications, each of which would be unlikely to lead to any significant deviations from the empirically testable conse- quences of Newtonian theory.1 Einstein’s response to this problem is now legend. He decided almost immediately to abandon the search for a Lorentz covariant gravitation theory, for he had failed to construct such a theory that was compatible with the equality of inertial and gravitational mass. Positing what he later called the principle of equivalence, he decided that gravitation theory held the key to repairing what he perceived as the defect of the special theory of relativity—its relativity principle failed to apply to accelerated motion. He advanced a novel gravitation theory in which the gravitational potential was the now variable speed of light and in which special relativity held only as a limiting case. It is almost impossible for modern readers to view this story with their vision unclouded by the knowledge that Einstein’s fantastic 1907 speculations would lead to his greatest scientific success, the general theory of relativity. Yet, as we shall see, in 1 In the historical period under consideration, there was no single label for a gravitation theory compat- ible with special relativity. -
Bibliography Physics and Human Rights Michele Irwin and Juan C Gallardo August 18, 2017
Bibliography Physics and Human Rights Michele Irwin and Juan C Gallardo August 18, 2017 Physicists have been actively involved in the defense of Human Rights of colleague physicists, and scientists in general, around the world for a long time. What follows is a list of talks, articles and informed remembrances on Physics and Human Rights by physicist-activists that are available online. The selection is not exhaustive, on the contrary it just reflects our personal knowledge of recent publications; nevertheless, they are in our view representative of the indefatigable work of a large number of scientists affirming Human Rights and in defense of persecuted, in prison or at risk colleagues throughout the world. • “Ideas and Opinions” Albert Einstein Crown Publishers, 1954, 1982 The most definitive collection of Albert Einstein's writings, gathered under the supervision of Einstein himself. The selections range from his earliest days as a theoretical physicist to his death in 1955; from such subjects as relativity, nuclear war or peace, and religion and science, to human rights, economics, and government. • “Physics and Human Rights: Reflections on the past and the present” Joel L. Lebowitz Physikalische Blatter, Vol 56, issue 7-8, pages 51-54, July/August 2000 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/phbl.20000560712/pdf Based loosely on the Max von Laue lecture given at the German Physical Society's annual meeting in Dresden, 03/2000. This article focus on the moral and social responsibilities of scientists then -Nazi period in Germany- and now. Max von Laue's principled moral response at the time, distinguished him from many of his contemporary scientists.