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Issue Full File ISSN 1303-3123 E-ISSN 2458-7982 İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ Bilim Tarihi Bölümü ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF LETTERS Department of the History of Science OSMANLI BİLİMİ ARAŞTIRMALARI STUDIES IN OTTOMAN SCIENCE Cilt XIX, ‘Savaş ve Bilim’ Özel Sayısı, 2018 Vol. XIX, Special Issue ‘War and Science’, 2018 Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları, yılda iki kez yayımlanan uluslararası akademik ve hakemli bir dergidir. TÜBİTAK-ULAKBİM tarafından SBVT için ve EBSCOhost (http://ejournals.ebsco.com/Journal2.asp?Journal ID=729533) ve DOAJ tarafından taranmakta ve indekslenmektedir. Dergide yayımlanan (1995 ─ ) tüm makalelerin tam metinlerine http://dergipark.gov.tr/iuoba adresinden ulaşılabilir. Studies in Ottoman Science is a biannual international and referred academic journal. It is abstracted and indexed by TÜBİTAK-ULAKBİM, EBSCOhost and DOAJ. Full texts (1995 ─ ) are available at http://dergipark.gov.tr/iuoba Istanbul 2018 Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları = Studies in Ottoman Science. İstanbul : İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi, 1995- c.: res.; şkl.; tbl.; 24cm. Yılda 2 sayı ISSN 1303-3123, E-ISSN 2458-7982 Elektronik ortamda da yayınlanmaktadır: http://dergipark.gov.tr/iuoba 1. BİLİM TARİHİ. 2. BİLİM - OSMANLI İMPARATORLUĞU. 3. BİLİM TARİHİ - TÜRKİYE. 4. TIP TARİHİ - TÜRKİYE. 5. TEKNOLOJİ TARİHİ - TÜRKİYE. Kongre Kütüphanesi (Library of Congress) Sınıflandırma Numarası: Q 1-295 Kapakta bir parçası görülen bilimsel alet, Ay ve Güneş tutulmalarının tarihini önceden belirlemeye yarayan bir ‘tutulma hesaplayıcısı’dır. Philippe de la Hire tarafından tasarlanan bu aletin bir örneği, J. B. Nicolas Bion’un Paris’teki dükkânında Osmanlı Devleti’nin Fransa Sefiri Said Efendi için 1741 yılında üretilmiştir. Bu bilimsel alet 2010 yılında İ.Ü. Edebiyat Fakültesi Bilim Tarihi Bölümü’nün logosu olarak kabul edilmiştir. Aletin tamamının çizimi için bkz. Feza Günergun, “The Ottoman Ambassador’s curiosity coffer: Eclipse prediction with De La Hire’s ‘machine’ crafted by Bion of Paris,” in Science between Europe and Asia: Historical studies on the transmission, adoption and adaptation of knowledge. Eds. F. Günergun & D. Raina (Dordrecht, Heildelberg, London, New York: Springer, 2010), 117. Aletin grafik çizimi, N.Bion’un eserindeki çizime dayanılarak Atilla Bir ve Mustafa Kaçar tarafından yapılmıştır. Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları’nın kapak tasarımı Kaan Ata tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Bilim Tarihi Bölümü’nün yayın organı olan Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları (Studies in Ottoman Science) dergisi, yılda iki kez yayımlanan hakemli ve uluslararası bir dergidir. 1995 yılında yayına başlayan dergi, Türkiye’de bilim tarihi alanında yayımlanan ilk akademik dergidir. Dergide, bilim, teknoloji ve tıp tarihini inceleyen araştırma makaleleri, araştırma notları, çeviri yazılar, kitap ve bilimsel toplantı tanıtımları yer alır. Yazılar Türkçe, İngilizce veya Fransızca olarak yayımlanır. Basılı ve elektronik olarak yayımlanan derginin tüm elektronik sayılarına ücretsiz olarak http://dergipark.gov.tr/iuoba adresinden ulaşılabilir. An official publication of the Department of the History of Science, Faculty of Letters, Istanbul University, Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları (Studies in Ottoman Science) is a peer- reviewed bi-annual international academic journal. Founded in 1995, it is the oldest academic journal in its field in Turkey. The journal welcomes original research articles and research notes on the history of science, technology and medicine composed in Turkish, English and French. Articles in translation, book reviews as well as reports of scientific meetings in the field are also accepted. The journal is currently issued both as hard-copy and online. The electronic issues are freely available at http://dergipark.gov.tr/iuoba OSMANLI BİLİMİ ARAŞTIRMALARI Cilt XIX, ‘Savaş ve Bilim’ Özel Sayısı, 2018 Vol. XIX, Special Issue ‘War and Science’, 2018 EDİTÖR / EDITOR Feza Günergun İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Bilim Tarihi Bölümü 34134 Beyazıt, Fatih, İstanbul, Türkiye. Fax. 90 (212) 511 43 71 [email protected] YAZI KURULU / EDITORIAL MANAGMENT Feza Günergun (Editör), İdris Bostan, Mehmet Canatar, Sevtap Kadıoğlu, Arzu Terzi, Meltem Kocaman, Gaye Şahinbaş Erginöz YAYIN KURULU / EDITORIAL BOARD 1. Ackermann, Silke – Oxford University 2. Ageron, Pierre – Université de Caen Normandie 3. Agoston, Gabor – Georgetown University in Qatar 4. Aktar, Mustafa - Boğaziçi Üniversitesi 5. Ata, Kaan - İstanbul Üniversitesi 6. Brentjes, Sonja – Max Planck Institute, Berlin 7. Bret, Patrice - Paris 8. Crozet, Pascal – Université Paris-Diderot 9. Couto, Dejanirah – Ecole Paritque des Hautes Etudes 10. Çökelez Aytekin – İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi 11. Değer, Özkan - İstanbul Üniversitesi 12. Dölen, Emre - Istanbul 13. Etker, Şeref - İstanbul 14. Fazlıoğlu, İhsan – Medeniyet Üniversitesi 15. Georgeon, François- CETOBaC (CNRS) 16. Görkey, Şefik – Marmara Üniversitesi 17. Günergun, Feza - İstanbul Üniversitesi 18. İpbüker, Cengizhan - İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi 19. Kaçar, Mustafa – Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi 20. Kadıoğlu, Sevtap - İstanbul Üniversitesi 21. Kırımer, Neşe - Anadolu Üniversitesi 22. Kocaman, Meltem - İstanbul Üniversitesi 23. Kuriyama, Shigehisa – Harvard University 24. Martykanova, Darina – Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 25. Nicolaïdis, Efthymios - National Hellenic Research Foundation 26. Sertöz, Ali Sinan – Bilkent Üniversitesi 27. Topdemir, Hüseyin Gazi, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi 28. Toprak, Zafer – Koç Üniversitesi 29. Unat, Yavuz – Kastamonu Üniversitesi 30. Vlahakis, George – Hellenic Open University 31. Yalçınkaya, Alper - Ohio Wesleyan University 32. Zorlu, Tuncay - İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi 33. Yıldız, Sara Nur, Max Planck Institute, Berlin OSMANLI BİLİMİ ARAŞTIRMALARI Cilt XIX, ‘Savaş ve Bilim’ Özel Sayısı, 2018 STUDIES IN OTTTOMAN SCIENCE Vol. XIX, Special Issue ‘War and Science’, 2018 ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ / RESEARCH ARTICLES Toxicology in Poisonous Years: Sümum ve Tesemmümat, Damascus / Beirut 1918 .................................................................................................... 1-20 Zehirli Yılların Toksikolojisi: Sümum ve Tesemmümat, Şam / Beyrut 1918 (Öz) ............................................................................................................ 2 Şeref Etker Savants français dans la Guerre Mondiale 1914-1918 ................................ 21-44 French Scientists in the World War I 1914-1918 (Abstract) ............................. 22 Denis Beaudouin & Dominique Bernard Mucit mi Müntehil mi? Müderris Mehmed Şakir Efendi’nin Nev-İcad Torpidoları .................................................................................................... 45-59 Inventor or Plagiarist? Mudarris Mehmed Şakir Efendi’s Newly- Invented Torpedoes (Abstract) .......................................................................... 46 İsmet Sarıbal Transportation of the Wounded during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 ......................................................................................... 60-86 1877-1878 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşında Yaralıların Taşınması (Öz) ....................... 61 Oya Dağlar Macar Bir Bakterinin Biyografisi – S. Paratyphi Erzincan (Neukirch) ................. 87-109 The Biography of a Bacteria – S. Paratyphi Erzincan (Neukirch) (Abstract) ........................................................................................................... 88 Şeref Etker DERLEME MAKALE / REVIEW ARTICLE Hugo Grothe’nin Birinci Dünya Savaşı Sırasında Hazırladığı Eserlerde Osmanlı İktisadi Modernleşmesi Üzerine Görüşler ................. 110-123 The Modernisation of Ottoman Economy as Reflected in Hugo Grothe’s Works Compiled during WW1 (Abstract) ........................................ 111 Bilge Karbi YAYIN TANITIMI / BOOK REVIEW Birinci Dünya Savaşına Katılan Türk Öğrenci ve Öğretmenler / Turkish Students and Teachers in the World War I. Nuri Güçtekin, Eğitimli Neslin I. Dünya Savaşıyla İmtihanı [The Schooled Generation in World War I] ..................................................... 124-127 Feza Günergun Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları XIX, ‘Savaş ve Bilim’ Özel Sayısı (2018): 1-20 Araştırma makalesi / Research article TOXICOLOGY IN POISONOUS YEARS: SÜMUM VE TESEMMÜMAT, DAMASCUS / BEIRUT 1918 ZEHİRLİ YILLARIN TOKSİKOLOJİSİ: SÜMUM VE TESEMMÜMAT, ŞAM / BEYRUT 1918 Şeref Etker Abstract Dr. Süleyman Rifat (Suleiman Rifaat) graduated from the Civilian Medical School in Istanbul in 1906. In 1909 he was elected by the Ministry of Education to study in Germany. Süleyman Rifat attended the Institute of Pharmacology in Berlin and specialised in pharmacodynamics, toxicology and immunology. After his return in 1913 he was appointed to Palestine as health authority in Jerusalem. In the same year he joined the staff of the Ottoman Medical School in Damascus as professor of materia medica and therapeutics. With the beginning of the First World War Süleyman Rifat was conscripted to serve in the IVth Army in the Sinai. He was the instructor for the cacolet transport services, and participated in the First Battle of the Suez Canal 1915. When the Ottoman Medical School was relocated in Beirut Dr. Süleyman Rifat was discharged to join its staff as professor of pharmacodynamics and therapy. Here he edited a compendium on poisons and intoxication consisting of tables, entitled Sümum ve Tesemmümat (Poisons et Empoisonnements). Certain elements of this text relates to the chemical warfare engaged by the British forces in the Second and Third Gaza
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