Postscript by Sabine Kuhle

The publication of this book was prolonged by grateful to Andrew Bond, who took it upon the sudden death of my late husband, on 25 April himself to provide us with a meticulous proof- 2015. The manuscript had been left complete in reading of the original manuscript. Through him, my hands; however, at the time of submission to readability and linguistic precision have much the publisher, the English translation did not yet improved. All remaining errors are our own. meet current standards. I am thus extremely

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 295 M. Kuhle, The Glaciation of High Asia, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77566-1 Index

A Chagdo Kangri (massfi), 110–112 Agham (valley, settlement), 28–35, 48, 55, 57 Chalamba La (pass), 91, 94, 95 Agham Glacier, 31 Chamonix (valley, European Alps), 152 Aksai Chin (area, lake), 77, 78, 82, 165, 211 Chang La Baba (pass, valley), 59 Alaska, 179 Chemrey (settlement), 59 Ali (Shiquanha) (settlement), 128 Chogolungma (Glacier), 291 America (continent), 165, 196 Chongce (Chongtse) Shan I (massif), 109 Animachin (Kunlun Mountains), 11 Chongce Shan (massif), 77–79, 82, 103, Annapurna, 147, 151, 269 105, 108, 109 Antarctic, 270, 281, 292 Chong Kundum (Kumdan) Glacier, 30 Antarctica, 285 Cho Oyu (peak, massif), 183 Arctic circle, 201 Chukirmo hamlet, 60 Arganglas Kangri (peak massif), 35 Chung Muztagh (massif), 108, 109 Axel Heiberg (island, Arctic Ocean, Canada), 205, 229 Cuoe Lake, 177

B D Baffin Island (Canada), 203, 220 Damodar (Himalaya, Himal, massif), 148–153, 158, 159, Baingoin (county, Tibet), 226, 241, 246–248, 257 173 Baltoro (Glacier), 291 Dankowa (peak, massif), 273 Bam Co (lake), 248 Darbuk (settlement, valley), 22, 59 Banff (town, Canada), 60, 161 Dareyog (massif), 116, 117, 125 Bangong Co (lake), 177 Dhaulagiri (peak, massif), 87, 122, 146, 151 Barun (Glacier), 291 DhaulagiriAnnapurna Himalayas, 147, 151, 269 Batura (Glacier), 291 Diamir (Glacier), 291 Bayan Har Shan (mountain range), 180, 185 Digar (settlement), 31 Biafo (Glacier), 291 Dogai Coring (lake), 201, 203, 219, 220, 257 Bobogawu (peak, massif), 186 Donggi Cona (lake), 176 Bow River (Rocky Mountains), 161 Dorenza (peak, massif), 127, 157 Bow Valley (Rocky Mountains), 161 Dorsoing Co (lake), 211 British Columbia (Canada), 60 Dovre Fjell (Scandinavia), 81 Burog Co (lake), 184 Drolung Co (lake), 178 Buruocuo lake, 105 Duomaxiang (lake), 241

C E Calgary (Canada), 60, 161 Earth (the planet), 188, 192–201, 205, 259, 279, 281, 285, Canada, 161, 203, 241 289 Central Tibet, 5, 11, 77, 79, 82, 89, 91, 102, 103, 109, Eurasia, v 160, 170, 172, 191, 201, 203, 204, 206, 219, 224, European Alps, 59, 109, 152 242, 258, 259, 273, 291 Everest (Mt./Mount Everest, peak, massif), Chabo Cuo (lake), 118 183, 190, 292

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 297 M. Kuhle, The Glaciation of High Asia, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77566-1 298 Index

F Kangchenjunga (Glacier), 291 Flamingo (Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica), 292 Kangju Kangri (peak, massif), 55, 56 Kangshung (Glacier), 291 Karakoram (also—Karakorum), 34, 56, 82, 273, 291 G Karcha (glacier), 76 Gandise Shan (massif), 109, 110, 122, 126, 156, 172 Kardung La (pass), 60 Ganges River, 147 Kargil (settlement), 77 Gangmo Shan (massif), 130 Khalsi (settlement), 58, 62, 68 Gangotri (Glacier), 291 Khaltse settlement, 71, 76 Gar (settlement), 58 Khaplu (settlement, town), 35 Garkung Caka (lake), 106 Khardung (settlement), 36 Gar Zangbo (valley—Indus Valley), 58 Khardung La (pass, valley), 35 Geladaindog, 228 Khumbu (Glacier), 190, 291 Geladaindong (massif, mountain group), 165 Khumjung (peak, massif), 148, 150, 153 Gertse (also—Lumaringbo, settlement), 110, 124, 131, King Ata Tagh (mountain range), 273 165 Koktutau (peak, massif), 273 Ghent Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 Kolakoshih Ho (valley, outlet glacier), 56, 82 Gladongding Massif, 282 Kola Peninsula (Russia), 203 Gobi (desert), 284 Kongar Shan (massif, mountain group), 181 Gozha Co (lake), 77, 78 Kongmaru (valley), 60, 75 Greenland, 166, 193, 204 Kongmaru La (pass), 60 Gurla Mandhata (massif), 142, 189 Kore La (pass), 147 Koucha (lake), 176 Kuen Lun pass, 165 H Kuhai (lake), 177 High Asia, 1, 2, 31, 111, 124, 179, 183, 188, 189, 191, Kuku Nor (also—Qinghai Lake, lake), 242 192, 198, 200, 201, 222, 259, 261, 270, 273, 275, Kukushili (massif), 103, 105, 107, 108 279, 281, 285, 289, 291 Kunjerab pass, 182 Himalaya (also—Himalaya), 64, 76, 82, 147, 148, 152, 156, 190, 259, 270, 273, 292 Himalayan-Tibetan orogen, v, 195, 196 L Himlung (Glacier), 291 Ladak Range, 59 Hispar (Glacier), 291 Lahoul (area), 58, 76 Hundar Glacier, 48 Laken La (pass), 97 Hundar Valley, 46, 51 Lamayuru Lake, 71, 75 Langmage (settlement), 58 Langtang Ri (Glacier), 291 I Laxiongcuo (lake), 112 Indus Glacier, 57, 67, 71, 74–76 La Yongma Ri (massif, mountain group), 43, 54 Indus main valley, 61, 64, 71, 75, 77 Leh (town, settlement), 60, 68 Indus Valley, 15, 33, 35, 57–60, 61, 64–70, 72–74, 76, 82 Lho La (pass), 190 Inylcheck Glacier, 291 Likir Chu (valley), 74, 75 Linggo Co (lake), 212, 213, 216 Lingzi Thang (area), 82 J Liushi Shan (massif), 80, 82 Jacksons (New Zealand), 60 Loinbo Kangri (peak, massif), 122, 146, 292 Janghgaida Rinag (massif), 125 Luanhaizi (lake), 177 Jangmanjiar glacier, 182 Lugula Himal (peak, massif), 148, 149 Jialabali (Ghyala Peri), 292 Lumaringbo (also—Gertse, settlement), 110, 124 Jialabali (peak, massif), 292 Lunpo Gangri (also—Lunpo Kangri, massif), 146, 147 Jialongqiete Valley, 182 Lunpo Kangri (also—Lunpo Gangri, massif), 146 Jokkmokk (Sweden), 201

M K Ma’er Gaichaka (lake), 105 K12 (massif, mountain group), 43 Manas (lake), 177 Kailas (peak, massif), 139, 141, 144 Manasarowa Lake, 58 Kali Gandaki (river), 147 Marol settlement, 76 Kananaskis (country, Canada), 60 Martselang (settlement), 59 Index 299

Martselang Valley, 60, 75 Pangong Valley, 18, 22, 24, 27, 57, 59 Mayer Kangri (massif), 110, 118, 125 Peak 6045, 118 Minya Gonka (also: Minya Konka, peak, massif), 274, Phyang Chu (valley), 64, 75, 76 276 Phyang Chu Glacier, 62 Minya Konka (also—Minya Konka, peak, massif), Phyang monastery, 62 259, 276 Phyang Valley, 62, 64 Mont Belgica (Belica Mountains, Antarctica), 292 Pik Pobedy (peak, massif), 291 Mt. Alexander (New Zealand), 60 Pir Panjal (mountain range), 58, 76 Mt. Vinson (Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica), 292 Pozarmalung (massif), 116, 117, 124, 125 Mt. Wilson (New Zealand), 60 Puchu Chu (valley), 60–62, 75, 76 Mubucun Lake, 114 Pum Co (lake), 257 Muggargoibo (massif), 82 Pung Co (lake), 250, 257 Muglib (settlement), 23, 25 Purog Glacier, 291 Mustagh Karakorum (also—Karakoram, Karakorum), 56 Purog II (peak, massif), 108, 113 Mustang Thak Khola (valley), 147, 150, 154, 158 Purog II Kangri (peak massif), 105, 106, 111 Muztagh Ata (peak, massif), 181 Purog Kangri (peak, massif), 164, 165, 206, 208, 210–214, 218, 221, 223, 224, 258, 291

N Naisa Valley, 183 Q Nako Tso (lake), 7, 80 Qinghai (lake), 177 Naleng (lake), 176 Qomo Ri (massif), 110, 121, 124, 125 Namcha Barwa (peak, massif), 283, 292 Quilian Shan (mountain range), 273 Nam Co (lake), 96, 98–100, 102, 103, 172, 255, 257 Qungmogangze (Qiongmo Kangri) (peak, massif), 292 Nam Co basin (lake basin), 96, 100, 102 Nangpa (Glacier), 291 Nenang (peak, massif), 292 R New Zealand, 60 Ratna Chuli (peak), 148, 150 Nganclong Kangri (massif), 172 Rhone Glacier, 59, 291 Ngozumpa (Glacier), 291 Rimo Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 Nimaguo (settlement), 94 Rondane (Scandinavia), 81 Norin Kang (Langkazi) (peak, massif), 292 Rongbuk Valley, 190 North America, 165 Rongdu (settlement), 35 Northern Territories (Canada), 203 Ruberung Massif, 58 North Pole, 204 Novaya Zemlya (archipelago, Arctic Ocean, Russia), 202, 220 S Novaya Zemlya, 202, 220 Sahara (desert), 244 Nubra Glacier, 43, 46 Sajan (mountain range), 259 Nubra Valley, 30, 35, 36, 42, 46, 51, 55, 57 Sakti (settlement, valley), 59, 75 Nun Kun (massif), 76 Sakti Chu (valley), 75 Nyainqentanglha (massif, mountain range), 83, 85, 89, Saltoro Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 91, 96, 98, 102, 103, 172, 292 Samdain Kangsam (massif), 98, 100, 102 Nyalam (county, Tibet), 183 Sangda Himal (massif), 154, 158, 159, 173 Sarek (Sweden), 204 Saser-Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 P Scandes (N-Europe, Scandinavia), 109, 275 Palung Co (lake), 184 Scandinavia, 125, 166, 227 Pamir (mountain range, plateau), 6, 182, 273, 275 Schatz Ridge (Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica), 292 Panbari Himal (peak, massif), 150 Shakangsham (Shakham) Kangri (peak, massif), 292 Pangong (Bangong) Co (lake), 177 Shakham (massif), 122, 124–126 Pangong Co (also—Pangong Tso, lake), 7, 12, 14, 19, 27, Shang Chu (also—Shang Valley), 75 54, 56, 78, 80 Shang Valley (also—Shang Chu), 60 Pangong Co basin (also—P. C. Lake Basin), 56, 57 Sherpi-Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 Pangong Co Lake Basin (also—P. C. basin), 9 Shisha Pangma (peak, massif), 182, 183, 283 Pangong Co Valley, 7 Shyok (main valley, outlet glacier), 23, 27, 30, 33–35, 53, Pangong Tso (also—Pangong Co, lake), 55 54, 56, 57 Pangong Tso Valley, 55 Shyok Glacier, 32, 34, 35, 57, 76, 77 300 Index

Shyok River, 28–30, 33, 34 Tsangpo River, 94, 95, 155 Shyok Valley, 15, 21–25, 27–36, 39, 42, 43, 45–49, Tsati (settlement), 35 51–57, 59, 82, 177 Tunah (settlement), 58 Siachen Glacier, 46, 291 Tung Hu (lake), 122, 124 Siling Co (lake), 177, 178, 188, 242, 245, 257 Singi Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 Skamri (Glacier), 291 U Solang Nala (valley), 58 Uletokba settlement, 66 South Saskatchewan River (Rocky Mountains), 161 Ulugh Muztagh (massif, mountain group), 103, Stok Chu (valley), 75, 76 106, 108, 274 Stok La (pass), 60 Upshi (settlement), 58 Stok settlement, 60 Upsi, 62, 68 Stok Valley, 60, 62, 64 Sumxi Co (lake), 177 Suru (glacier), 76 W Svalbard (archipelago, Arctic Ocean, Norway), 204 Wanla Chu (valley), 68, 71, 75, 76 Szechuan (province, China), 273 Wari La (also—Wari pass), 30, 31 Waring La (pass, valley), 30, 59 Wari pass (also—Wari La), 30 T Taglang La (pass, valley), 58, 75 Tanggula Shan (massif, mountain range), 164, 184 X Tangqung Co (lake), 186 Xianacun (lake), 138 Tangra Yum Co (lake), 163, 178, 186, 187 Xuebao (peak, massif), 259 Tangula Shan, 211 Tankse Valley (also—Pangong Valley), 57, 59 Tarim Basin, 284 Y Taroo settlement, 68 Yagru Xiong La (pass), 182 Tashain (Glacier), 291 Yagulung (settlement, town), 35, 55 Tashkurgan Shan (massif), 181 Yaktil-Murgab Valley (also—Pangong Valley), 57 Tashkurgan Valley, 182 Yalung (Glacier), 291 Tengger (lake), 177 Yangbuk glacier, 181 Tengri Nor (also—Nam Co, lake), 96, 103, 172 Teram-Kangri (massif, mountain group), 43 Terski Alatau, 273 Z Teskey Alatau (mountain range), 291 Zagros (massif, mountain range), 259, 269, 270 Therit (settlement), 35 Zangqung Kangri (peak, massif), 292 Tian Shan (mountain range, plateau), 6, 273, 275 Zangqun Kangri, 80, 81 Tibet, 34, 80, 125, 155, 160, 180, 190, 199, 203, 240, Zangsar Kangri (massif), 105, 109, 121, 165 275, 289 Zangsar Purog-II-Kangri (massif), 107, 108, 110, 120, Tibetan High Plateau, 200 124, 274 Tibetan Himalaya, 148, 151, 154, 156, 172 Zangsar-Purog II Massif, 282 Tibetan Plateau, 1, 56, 94, 108, 110, 124, 126, 151, 159, Zansgar Himalaya, 64 173, 178, 181, 183, 197 Zanskar- (Zansgar) Himal (massif), 64 Tiricha (settlement), 36 Zanskar- Himal (massif), 64 Toze Kangri (peak), 108 Zaqungngomar, 169, 228, 231, 239, 256 Tsaidam (lake, basin), 177, 244, 275 Zari Nam Co, 186, 187 Tsangpo (river, valley), 58, 91, 94, 142, 144, 146–148, Zhari Nam Co (lake), 162, 178, 186, 187 155, 156, 172, 273, 283 Zigetang (lake), 177