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AERIAL GAMMA RAY AND MAGNETIC SURVEY / VAN HORN AND PECOS QUADRANGLES, TEXAS
FINAL REPORT VOLUME I
-1/!1@, Prepared by: ~ geoMetries Sunnyvale, California October 1977
Work Performed Under Bendix Field Engineering Corporation Grand Junction Operations, Grand Junction, Colorado Subcontract 76-033-L and Bendix Contract EY-76-C-13-1664
Prepared for the Department of Energy Grand Junction Office Grand Junction, Colorado 81501
OISTRJBUTIO.N Of IHI~ DOC ....·.M·ti\11 JS l$N.i.JMIT.fl;4 DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency Thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMER
Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. DISCLAIMER STATEMENT
"This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. Neither the United States nor the United States Department of Energy, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights." ../ NOTICE
AERIAL GAMMA RAY AND MAGNETIC SURVEY
VAN HORN AND PECOS QUADRANGLES, TEXAS
FINAL REPORT
VOLUME I
Prepared by GeoMetries, Inc. Sunnyvale, California October, 1977
Work Performed Under Bendix Field Engineering Corporation Grand Junction Operations, Grand Junction, Colorado Subcontract #76-033-L and Bendix Contract EY-76-C-13-1664
Prepared for the Department of Energy Grand Junction Office Grand Junction, Colorado 81501
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-ii- . ABSTRACT
tmder the United States Department of Energy (DoE), National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Program, GeoMetries, Inc. conducted a high sensitivity, airborne radiometric and magnetic survey of portions of the Big Bend, Texas area. The project area comprising the Van Horn and Pecos 1:250,000 NTMS sheets, consists of approximately 16,400 square miles (42,000 square kilometers). Approximately two thirds of this survey area lie within the Permian Basin of western Texas. A total of 6,666 line miles (10,725 line kilometers) of high sensitivity radiometric and magnetic data were collected. Traverse lines were flown at a spacing of 3.125 miles (5 kilometers) in an east/west direction with tie lines flown in a north/south direction at a 18.375 miles (30 kilometers) separation. All data were collected utilizing a fixed wing aircraft, Grumman G-89 (S2F Tracker, U.S. Registry No. N9AG) and over 3,500 cubic inches of Nal crystal detector (3,072 cubic inches in a downward looking configuration and 512 cubic inches in an upward looking configuration). Magnetometer data were collected utilizing a high sensitivity, 0.25 gamma, proton magnetometer. Data were digitally recorded at 0.5 second intervals aboard the aircraft with navigation performed using both visual and doppler techniques. All field data were returned to the GeoMetries, Sunnyvale, California computer facilities for processing, statistical analysis, and interpretation. As an integral part of this final report, other data are presented which include corrected profiles of all radiometric variables (total count, potassium, uranium, thorium, uranium/thorium, uranium/potassium, and thorium/potassium ratios), magnetic data, radar altimeter data, barometric altimeter data, air temperature and airborne Bismuth contributions. Data presented have been summed to provide 1.0 second equivalent sample intervals, corrected for Compton Scatter, altitude dependence (data are all referenced to 400 foot mean terrain clearance) and atmospheric Bismuth. These data are presented in the form of strip charts (see Volume II of this report), microfiche (containing single record data), and digital magnetic tapes containing raw spectral data, single record data, magnetic data, and statistical analysis results. In addition, computer generated anomaly maps along with interpretation maps are presented relating mapped geology to the collected radiometric data.
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-iv- ·
- ·--·-----·-..... TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Nos.
Introduction and Summary 1 Introduction Summary
Data Collection System 4 Aircraft 5 Electronics 6
Operations 9 Data Collection Procedures 9 Operating Parameters/Sampling Procedures 9 Navigation/Flight Path Recovery 9 Infield System Calibration 9 Production Summary 10
System Calibration 15 Aircraft and Cosmic Background 15 System Constants 15 Atmospheric Radon Correction 23
Data Processing 26 Data Preparation 26 Data Recording 26 Field Tape Editing 26 Flight Line Location . 26 Radiometric Data Reduction 27 Magnetic Data Reduction l3 Statistical Analysis 34 Statistical Adequacy Test 34 Hypothesis Testing 35
-v- Page Nos.
·nata Presentation 37
General 37
Radiometric Profiles 37
Flight Path Maps 39
Anomaly Maps 39
Histograms 39
Data Listings 40
Dala Ta.IJ~~ 41
Data Interpretation 42
Methodology 42
Van Horn Quadrangle 43
Pecos Quadrangle 55
Bibliography 66
Appendices /
Appendix A - Geologic Legend - Van Horn Quadrangle 67
Appendix B - Statistical Tables - Van Horn Quadrangle 79
Appendix C - Geologic Legend - Pecos Sheet 95
Appendix D - Statistical Tables - Pecos Sheet 100
Appendix E - Tape Formats 108
Appendix F - Production Sunnnary 119
Appendix G - Microfiche of Data with Index
-vi- LIST OF TABLES Page Nos. Table 1 Anomaly Summary - Van Horn "4"r Table 2 Print Character Values - K, U, T 54 Table 3 Print Character Values - Magnetic 55 Table 4 Anomaly Summary - Pecos 59
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Index Map Showing Survey Area 2 Figure 2 Survey Aircraft/Equipment 5 Figure 3 Airborne Survey System Flow Chart 7 Figure 4 GR-800 Analog Spectrum Plot 11 Figure 5 Typical Ground Speed Statistical Summary Histogram for 13 Single Flight Line Figure 6 Typical Radar Altimeter Statistical Summary Histogram 14 for Single Flight Line Figure 7 Multiple Altitude Spectra Schematic 16 Figure 8 Aircraft Background Downward Looking Crystal 17 Figure 9 Cosmic Spectrum Downward Looking Crystal 18 Figure 10 Data Processing Flow Diagram 28 Figure 11 Sample Histogram. Geologic Type 38 Figure 12 Plotter Step Value Labeling 40 ·-Figure ·I-3-· ·Uranium Anomaly/Interpretation Map - Van Horn Quadrangle 45 ·Figure 14 Van Horn Quadrangle Potassium Pseudo-Contour Map . so. Figure 15 Van Horn Quadrangle Uranium Pseudo-Contour Map 51 Figure 16 Van Horn Quadrangle Thorium Pseudo-Contour Map 52 Figure 17 Van Horn Quadrangle Magnetic Pseudo-Contour Map 53 Figure 18 Uranium Anomaly/Interpretation Map - Pecos Quadrangle 56 Figure 19 Pecos Quadrangle Potassium Pseudo-Contour Map 61 Figure 20 Pecos Quadrangle Uranium Pseudo-Contour Map 62 Figure 21 Pecos Quadrangle Thorium Pseudo-Contour Map 63 Figttre 22 Pecos Q1.uHJr;mgl e Magnetic Pseudo-Contour Map 64 Figure 23 Bimodal Distribution for K40 66
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-viii- INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
Under the U. S. Department of Energy (DoE), National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Program, GeoMetries, Inc. conducted a high sensitivity airborne radiometric and magnetic survey of portions of the Big Bend, Texas area. This project represents a small portion of the DoE/NURE Program, the objectives of which may be summarized as follows (Ref. NURE Report, December 1976):
"To develop and compile geologic and other information with which to assess the magnitude and distribution of uranium resources and to determine areas favorable for the occurrence of uranium in the Unites States ... " A first step in the development of the information required to define the distribution of uranium sources is to undertake airborne radiometric recon naissance programs oriented towards the goals of the DoE/NURE Program.
The project area encompasses the Van Horn and Pecos, Texas NTMS 1:250,000 map sheets (See Figure 1). All data were collected utilizing a fixed wing aircraft, Grumman G-89 (S2F Tracker ·u.s. Registry No. N9AG). These data were compiled and interpreted at the GeoMetries computer facility and are presented as part of this final report.
SUMMARY
This portion of the Big Bend project area, the Van Horn and Pecos 1:250,000 NTMS sheets, consists of approximately 16,400 square miles (42,400 square kilometers). Large portions of this survey area lie within the Permian Basin of western Texas. A total of 6,666 line miles (10,725 line kilometers) of high sensitivity radio metric and magnetic data were collected. Traverse lines were flown at a spacing of 3.125 miles (5 kilometers) in an east/west direction with tie lines flown in a north/south direction at a 18.375 miles (30 kilometers) separation. In order to ensure high sensitivity radiometric data over 3,500 cubic inches of Nai crystal detector were utilized (3,072 cubic inches in a downward looking configuration and 512 cubic inches in an upward looking configuration). Magnetometer data were collected utilizing a high sensitivity, 0.25 gamma, proton precision magnetometer. All data were digitally recorded at 0.5 second intervals aboard the aircraft with navigation performed using both visual and doppler techniques.
This project area encompasses two separate and distinct geological structural provinces. The first occupies the eastern two-thirds of the area and corres ponds to the Permian Delaware and Midland Basins with sediment thicknesses of up to 20,000+ feet. These basins are terminated on the west by the north northwest trending Delaware anticline (forming the Delaware Mountains). West of this anticlinal structure lies the second major province, the Diablo Platform. -1- I N I
Figure 1, Index Map Showing Survey Area A graben-like feature, the Salt Basin, separates the Diablo Platform on the west and the Delaware anticline on the east. Superimposed on the Diablo Platform are the Hueco Mountain uplift in the northwest and the Van Horn uplift in the south. Geological structure within the Diablo Platform trends generally northwest to west-northwest with some north south faulting in the Hueco Mountains (Tectonic map of North America).
All field data were returned to the GeoMetries, Sunnyvale, California computer facilities for processing, statistical analysis, and interpretation. As an integral part of this final report, other data are presented which include corrected profiles of all radiometric variables (total count, potassium, uranium, thorium, uranium/thorium, uranium/potassium, and thorium/potassium ratios), magnetic data, radar altimeter data, barometric altimeter data, air temperature, and airborne Bismuth contributions. Data presented have been summed to provide 1.0 second equivalent sample intervals, corrected for Compton Scatter, altitude dependence (data are all referenced to 400 foot mean terrain clearance) and atmospheric Bismuth. These data are presented in the form of strip charts (see Volume II of this report), microfiche (containing single record, averaged record and statistical analysis data, and digital magnetic tapes containing raw spectral data, single record data, magnetic data, and statistical analysis results. In addition, computer generated anomaly maps along with interpretation maps are presented relating mapped geology to the collected radiometric data.
The balance of this report contains a detailed description of the data collection system, data processing procedures, statistical analyses (relating the geology of the area to airborne radiometric data), and an interpretation summarizing the results for each of the NTMS sheets.
-3- DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM
AIRCRAFT
The project aircraft was a Grumman Tracker Model 52, (See Figure 2) Serial Number 3, U.S. Registration N9AG. The aircraft performance data as applicable to airborne geophysical surveys are described below: Aircraft Empty 15,123 lbs.
Electronic Equipment 1,600 lbs. Main Fuel Usable .3' 108 lbs. Auxilliary Fuel Usable 900 lbs. Pilot 175 lbs. Electronic Operator l7:i 1 bs.
Maximum Gross Weight for Airborne Geo. Survey Operation 21,081 lbs.
Maximum Allowable Aircraft Gross Weight 24,500 lbs.
Minimum Control Speed 85 KIAS at 24,500 lbs. Safe Single Engine Speed 100 KIAS at 24,500 lbs.
Single Engine Rate of Climb at 120 KIAS 550 FPM at 23,000 lbs. Single Engine Rate of Climb at 100 KIAS 390 FPM at 23,000 lbs.
Rate of Climb (2 Engines) 2000 FPM thru 5,000 ft. 120 KIAS at 23,000 lbs. 1200 FPM at 10,000 ft.
Cruise Configuration Stalling Speed at Gross Weight 21,000 lbs. 0° Bank - 80 KIAS 45°.Bank- 96 KIAS
Usable Fuel 518 U.S. Gals. 3180 lbs. Mains 150 U.S. Gals. 900 lbs. Auxiliary 400 pounds per hour at 1000 feet altitude and 120 KIAS (Knots Indicated Air Speed) at 23,000 lbs. gross wt. duration 10 hours plus, due to burn off and lower gross wt.
The 52 was originally designed and built by Grununan Aircraft Corporation for the U.S. Navy as a highly stable platform for carrying electronic instru mentation in the search of submarines from carrier bases and/or short land ing fields. Since it was originally designed for magnetic surveillance, it is a "magnetically clean" aircraft and thus ideal for collecting magnetic data. Its performance and safety features make it ideal for low level, fixed-wing airborne geophysical survey work. There is virtually no other aircraft which can carry the adequate payload at the necessary constant low airspeeds and still maintain tight terrain clearance while providing a wide envelope of safety.
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Left: Grumman S2F Survey Aircraft. Upper right: Geophysical instruments: G-8(;3 Magne tometer, GR-800 Spectrometer, G-714 Data System & Recorders. UppeF left: Nal exSquare'" Crystal detectors-3,072 cu. in. (50.41) down, 512 cu.in. (8.41) up. Camera: Automax G2.
Figure 2 ELECTRONICS
The major components of the airborne data collection system are summarized below (shown pictorially in Figure 2 and schematically in Figure 3):
1. Gamma Ray Spectrometer, GeoMetries GR-800, utilizing a dual 256 channel capability to provide spectral data in the 0.4 to 3.0 MeV range for both the downward looking and the upward looking crystal packages and coverage in the 3.0 to 6.0 MeV range for cosmic background. 2. Crystal Detector, GeoMetries Model Nal-1000/CS consisting of 3072 cubic inches in the downward looking configuration and 512 cubic inches appro priately shielded in an upward looking configuration. 3. A GeoMetries Digital Data Acquisition System, Model G-714 with read-after write data verification, recording the following on magnetic tape:
a) 512 channels of ganuua ray spectrometer data b) Total magnetic intensity c) Fiducial number from data system/camera d) Manually inserted information, i.e., date, survey area, and flight line number e) Altitude from radar and barometric altimeters (by analog-to-digital conversion) f) Time in days, hours, minutes and seconds
g) Outside ~ir temperature
4. Map;netometer, GeoMetries Airborne Mouel G-803, capable ot I) . I?.~ eauuua sensitivity, but operated at 0.25 ganuna sensitivity. 5. Radar Altimeter, Bonzer with a linear recording output, displaying an altitude range of 0 to 2500 feet. 6. Rosemont Rarometric Alt1meter wlt:h recu1u.i.ng output and display. 7. Recording Thermometer for monitoring outside air temperature. 8. Tracking Camera, Automax 35 mm framing camera with wide angle lens to provide flight path recovery data.
9. fu1alog Recorder CeoMetrics (MARS 6) to record the following data:
a) Bi 214 using a window about the 1.76 MeV peak from the downward looking system. "b) Ri-air (Radon) background using a window about the 1.76 MeV peak from the upward looking system. c) Magnetometer
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FIGURE 3 d) Radar Altitude e) Total count for downward looking system (0.4 to 3.0 MeV) f) Event and time markers 10. HP 7128, two channel analog recorder to record the following data:
a) Outside air temperature b) Barometric altimeter c) Event and time markers d) During pre and post flight calibrations, this recorder is used to plot full analog spectra for both the down and up crystal systems via the GR-800. Thus. a hard copy rP.r.ord of the data useu fur resolutions, drift, and other checks is available at all times. (See Figure 4) This. approach provides instant verification of system parameters.
11. Navigation System composed of the following units:
a) Singer SSK-1000 Doppler System. b) Singer Track Navigation Computer SKQ-601. c) Singer Roll Stabilized Antenna configured for geophysical surveys. d) Sperry C-12 Gyro Stabilized Compass.
-8- OPERATIONS
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES
Operating Parameters/Sampling Procedures
This survey was conducted using data collection parameters summarized below:
1. Data Sampling was performed by a time-based system using 0.5 second sample intervals. 2. The aircraft objective ground speed was 120 mph, but did not exceed 140 mph unless dictated by safety. 3. The downward looking crystal volume was 3,072 cubic inches, providing a range in V/v (i.e. crystal volume in cubic inches divided by ground speed in mph) of between 25.6 (120 mph), and 22 (140 mph). 4. The volume of the upward looking crystal was 512 cubic inches. 5. All sensor data with analog output were digitally sampled at eacn data scan based upon the clock· timing rate of 0.5 seconds. The data so collected are the instantaneous values of these parameters determined at the time of the data scan.
Navigation/Flight Path Recovery Navigation was accomplished using a combination of visual and doppler navigation techniques. Flight lines were drawn on 1:250,000 scale topographic maps. The pilot/navigator utilized these maps to provide visual navigation features. The flight line was generally started and ended visually, while the doppler was used to fly a straight line between end points. Simultaneously, a 35 rnrn tracking camera was used to record actual flight position. The camera's fiducial numbering system was directly synchronized to the digital recording system such that a one-to-one correlation in position and data could be made. Upon completion of a data collection flight, the 35 rnrn film was processed and actual flight path positions located on the 1:250,000 scale map sheets.
Infield System Calibration Due to the complex nature of both the system and the resultant data interpre tation, much emphasis was placed on infield calibration of the data collection system. The objective of this calibration was to ensure continuous high quality of the data collected. The daily calibration procedures used are set forth below as a summary check list:
A. Pre Flight 1. Use cesium sources (same positioning every day) to peak each Photomultiplier tube/crystal using the digital split window detector of the GR-800.
-9- 2. Run full cesium spectrum on analog recorder for both down and up looking crystals. Calculate the cesium resolution (see sample in Figure 4 ). Run spectrum out past the K40 peak on down crystals for centering evaluation of K40 peak. 3. Use thorium sources (same position every day) to check upper end of spec trum in both up and down crystals (slope of ADC curve) - using the digital split window of the GR-800. 4. Run full thorium spectrum of down crystals on analog recorder. Check for centering of K40 and Th peaks in spectrum.
B. During Flight
1. Run test line at survey altitude (400ft.), for approximately five miles, prior to productjon data collection (record both analog and digital). 2. Prior to production data collection, the above data are evaluated to ensure ±20% limits on total count - compared to first test flight from that base of operations. 3. During production data collection, monitor radon analog data for unusual increases. Visually correlate these with temperature and barometric pres sure. 4. During production data collection,annotate operator logs with unusual features such as recently fertilized fields, lakes, snow/rain showers, man-made features, etc., along with their fiducial numbers. 5. Upon completion of production data collection, re-fly test line at survey altitude (400ft.). Record both analog and digital.
C. Post Flight 1. Verify test line total count within ±20% of first test line at that base of operations. 2. Using tesium sources (same position as pre-fl.ight), run full cesium spec trum for both down and up crystals (allow it to record through the K40 peak in the down crystals). 3. Calculate the resolution of down and up crystal pack for both before and after data collection flight.
4. Determine shift, if any, in K40 peak position.
PRODUCTION SUMMARY Data for this project were collected during the month of January, 1977. The base of operations of this survey was Midland, Texas. The full 6,666 line miles required a total of 15 days to complete. Throughout the survey, an average ground speed of 132 miles per hour was maintained. The objective altitude was 400 feet within the envelope of 200 to 700 feet. The average altitude was maintained at 446 feet mean terrain clearance.
-10- ., • • t • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •Figu: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • -· ·- . ,- ·- ... ; - " - -~ I ·- . -- r ; : I I I I ' i I I 1 DET+1024LJ.J, Crystal DetectorSPL~ (i,024L ri:J) ·i j137cs Sourc~ 11.81 Kev/Ch I i 20K c.p.sl Full Scale! i I ! I I ii~ Resolution Caltulat16n · 1.. ,, I I % • 100 X FWHM x Kev/Ch 662 Kev I I ! I i I . i . ·~ i ~ _ 100 X 4.79 X 11.81 • 8.5~ I - 662 I I I I '. . ! .. I ; ' I I ..... I ..... I .--- Total I na~ber o~- I i· i channels HIHM : : 4.0 + 0.14 + 0.65. ~.79 ! i i I -4o .. L- -214 I 0.65 Channe"1 K· 81 ~2o8rl; I I . i I ·-· -1 .. : 1 I : I ! j i I I b.14 Channel {- i I. i : I I . -1--~ ; ' ! ! ...... _~HM Point I i I I i. ' ! iI I I ! I I I ! I' I..
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1 L m~m~ ~.n..J.._J"" ni ~,---1--.!.-i ------':---' '----___.___,__l__ '---'--'ll_ ___ ;_ __! ___ ~_ L.i.--i~I ----'-----'-'L--l.--'~1 18 .. Channel Number ~ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I (Samples of the typical flight line distribution of ground speed and radar altimeter data are presented in Figures 5 and 6 ). Overall, in excess of 95% of the data collected were within the specification limits. See Appendix F for a daily production summary.
-12- -- DIG DE~D APEA, TEXAS -- FLIGHT TWO LlNE MUmlER 17-(l
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P.:-.:·~GE 22(;'1. ,;~ VHLUL 3 ! -~ F: :1 :"~ ::.:~ r:: 232.0 '.'ALIJE s !:li Pf··U·H-;~ 2·14 .0 \'!'oLIJE 4 a P.;;!f(,[ 258.0 ':At.UF. 2 ! ·;· RR:·F;E 2E;S .<) 'lo4LUE 16 1 It F'l:.f'H.• r:: 23~:-t .0 '.'> THE 11 I tf I 11U11 R"-DnP hL TI1TR· IS 224.>3~ FEET Tt·!C 11A>'l r·ru1·1 p.-,[,,.,r:· "''- HlTR T .-. 703.•)0 FEFT THO: I1Ef-ll'l pr,[!r..p ALTMTR IS 421.67 FF.ET '!H:: STHI![JrtPD [!['.'!I'll I (•If I=. 4S.Jfi SYSTEM CALIBRATION AIRCRAFT AND COSMIC BACKGROUND Full spectral data are collected at multiple altitudes over water (e.g. 12,000 fee~ and 8000 feet) in an area where the existence of no airborne Bi2 14 can be assured (offshore over the Pacific Ocean). This results in separate spectra as shown schematically in Figure 7., We define S(l2,000) to be the spectra at 12,000 feet from "0.4 to 3 MeV, with S(8000) the same spectra at a lower altitude (8000 feet) and rc (h.) the total count between 3.0 and 6.0 MeV at the respec tive altitudes. Sine~ the aircraft background is constant, the difference between S(l2,000) and S(8000) yields the cosmic spectral curve shape as sh~wn schematically in Figure 7. Thus S(l2,ooo) - S(8,ooo) = ~s and rc1 2 (hi) - rc8 (hi) = ~c where h. is each channel, .012 MeV wide l. Then this cosmic spectral curve is scaled back to 12,000 feet as follows: rc 12 (h.) X ~S = C(l2,000) the Cosmic Spectrum (Shape and magnitude) l. at 12,000 feet ~c The aircraft background is derived as follows: S(l2,000) - C(l2,000) = A/C Background Since data were collected at three altitudes, this_procedure is repeated for each pair of altitudes and the results averaged to present the aircraft and cosmic spectra shown in Figures 8 and 9. SYSTEM CONSTANTS System constants were determined by occupation of the DoE Walker Field Test Pads. These five test pads contained varying concentrations of K, U, and T as presented by BFEC. These concentrations are summarized below: PAD K u T Matrix 1. 49.; 2.2 ppm 6.3 ppm K 5.}% 5.1 ppm 8.5 ppm u 2 ;'096 30.7 ppm 9.2 ppm T 2.0% 5.2 ppm 45.3 ppm Mixed 4.1% 21.0 ppm 17.6 ppm -is- ~ -z___ -5(12,000) (hi) 0 MeV 3 6 Vl EC 8 (hi) 0..u , 0 MeV 3 6 Vl ~u ~ '- AS = 5(12,000) - 5(8,000) -~----~----~./i-..-!- 0 MeV 3 6 Figure 7 - Multiple altitude spectra schematic -16- DERIIIEO AIRCRAFT BACKGROUND SPECTRUM FROM PACIFIC OCEAH DATA AIRCRAFT BACKGROUND DOldNIJARD-LOOKING CRYSTAL SPECTRUM FOR LINE AC BGD, D~TED 111376 OOWNWARD LOOKING CRYSlALS 3072 CUBIC INCHES TC (0-6 MEV) 213•L .. 9 TC (0.4-3.0 MEV> 130<4.53 COSMIC <3-6 MEVl e.0B DAlE: 13 NOVEMBER 1976 U (1.12 MEV, 105.48 K C1.46 MEV> 10?.38 U (1.?6 ME:V") 80.31 T <2 62 HEY> 11.83 CH 0 (0.000 MEV) 0. 000 CPS ;t; CH . 1 C0.012 M(V) 0.e0e cPs :t. CH 2 C0.0C!4 MEV> 0. 000 CPS :e: CH 3 <0.035 MEV> 0.01)0 CPS ;t: 0. 000 CPS :r g~ ~ ~:::~~ g~~ 0. 000 CPS ;t; CH 6 (0.071 MEV> 0. 00C CPS ;t: CH 7 (0.083 MEV) 0. 000 .CPS :t CH 8 (0.095 MEV) 0. 000 CPS :t. CH 9 (0.106 MEV> 0. 000 CPS ;r CH 10 (0.118 MEV> 0. 000 CPS :t. CH 11 C0.130 MEV> "0.000 CPS :r CH 12 (0.142 MEV> 0. eae cPs :t: CH 13 C0.l54 MEV> 0. 000 CPS ;t; CH 14 C0.1GS MEV> 0, 000 CPS ;t;; CH 15 (0.177 MEV> _0.000 CPS :i CH 16 C0.189 MEV> 0. eae CPS :t: CH 17 (0.201 MEV) 0, 000 CPS :t: . CH 18 (0.213 MEVJ ~1.58? CPS X~XXXZZZ:t:t.~X%XX%%%Z%:iZZXXX%lXZXX:tZX~:tX:ttXZ:t:t:iZXZX%X%t%%%%t%tttttttt%%%%tttttttttt:ttt CH 19 C0.225 MEV> S5.548 CPS :t:tt:tt%t:t:tX*;t:*;t:tt:tt::e::t;f.::ttt:ttX:t:tt%X:t.t:t~Xt%tXt:t:tXtXXtttXX:it:tXtX:tXttttXXXtlt;f.::ttX:tXXXX~t:tttttt:ttXX%tJ::e:X:e::e:t CH 20 C0.23G MEV> SB • 56-4 CPS t tt :t t XX :t :t: t:t: :t::f: .U::t :t: :u: t :t: *** :t::t.:t:t.1::tt:t:t: t:t::t: :f:X*X :t: t:U :t :t XX:t :t t:t ;J :e: ll:t:t t t:e: :tt tt:t:X ** :t XXX t J:: t:t t t :tt ****X XU; t XXX. X t:t:l t :t tt." CH 21 (0.248 MEV) 63,207 CPS X:tt:t;!:::tt:t:tt~X:t:t:t:t:t:J::;t:J:::t:U:::t:t:J:J:::tX:n::t::::n:::t:aX:U:::t::t::tJ"XXJ:Z:t:X%.1::tX:U:::t::tZ:t:tXZ:t:J:X:l*:t:tZ%%XZtJ:X:i:C%:t:t:tX.Xtl::tXJ:S:J:X%*W:::Ct:W::.::I CH 22 C0.260 MEVJ S2. 849 CPS ***********~:t:t:t:t*****:«*'t)::t%X*U>****:t**:t:t:tt:t:t:t:t*':t:tt::tU::t:t:t:tt:t*:«t:t:tXt::t:t::tJ::t:t)I:X***XU::t:t:t:t::tt:*tXJ::t:tt:*:t%t:1!:Ct. CH 23 (0.272 MEVl 61 . 692 CPS :t.n:::tX:Ct::tX:t:t:::t:t:U::t:tt::t:t:tt::tl:Xt::t:t :tt:l::t:::l::"t:*:nn:.:e:s:U::t:Xt::t:«:t:t:t:t:t.:U::.t:ttt:l:t:t:t:t:t.t::t:tX:t~:tXt:t::t:t t:lk*:t:t:tt:tXt::t:t::t:U:'.t:t::t:J::t::t:t:J: CH 2~ C0.284 MEV> S?. 919 CPS ttt.t:t:tX*:t:U::tt:.t:t::t:tt:t;t;Xt:t:t:t:tU::t*:t:t:t:t*:U::»:::t::t::t::t*:tX:t:tX:t.t.tX:t:t:t::t:U:t::t:t:tt:tt:lt:t:X:t:.:t::t::t::tt:tt:t:t:t Xt::t:t::t::it::t::t::iJ:J:X:U:t:X t::t:C CH 25 (0.295 MEV> 53.586 CPS :t:t'tt::t:tt:tt:t::t:t:tt:;t::t:t:t:tt:tJ::t:t:«:tt::t:t:t:t:t::tt.X;:t:tt::t:t:t:t::t:tXt*XJ::t:t:t:«t:t:t::ttt:t::t:t:C:t:t:t;t::t:t:t::t:t:t•**X~:t:t:t:t:t:t::t:e::t:t•t:t::t::t:e::tt.t:t::t:t: CH 26 (0.307 MEV> 51 . 306 CPS :«::U:t't::tX:tt: t::t:t:U:tttt:t::ttt:t:t::tt:t:t::t:t:t::U:U::t:t:t::U:t:«:t:t:X:t::t.:nt:tX:t:«:t::t:ttt::t::tt:t:tX:t:ttX t:t:t:tt"t:t:X t:t:t:tt:t::t::t:t:t:t:ttt::tt:X:t:t:t:t:t::t CH 27 (0.319 MEV> 51 . 80? CPS *** :t ************ :tt::ttx **** ***l:**t* **;:t:t:t:t;t.::t::t:t;t.:X.«:t:t:t*•'***********:U;J:t:n:.tu::t::t::t:t:t:****"*:tt:t:xs.:e::t: .:u::::nxr:x:n::e::e::t CH 28 C0.331 MEV) 55 . s1 e cPs ***1* r::tx:t:: ~*****************:a.x:t:t:t:tt.u:x*****:a.******"******x*******:u:t::t::;:f: ****X:t:t:x:t:t:::tx:t:cr:xr::e::t::t***X*****:t:::& CH 29 {0.3~3 MEV> 53 . 70"1 CPS :t.:t:IXl::t:t::t:X ..:x:n:::r.:t::t::t::t::'t:t:t::C:t.:tXX::t::t:.:t:«:t:tX.t.*:t:t:t::t:t:t:C:t.X:tJ:X:t:XX:C:t:t:t:::C:tXX:t:t:t:t*XX:t:t:t::t: :C:t.:t::Ct:t:tX:tX:llX:t:t.:t:X :t:C:t::t:C:t:t* :t:t:t X:t::t":C CH 30 (0.3SS MEV) 46. 971 CPS :t:t:t:t:t::t:t:t:t:::t:«:t:::t.t.tX:tt:t:*:tt:t::t:t:t::t::t::t::t:t:t:t.t.::t::t;t;*:t:C*t:t:t.:f.t.:t:t.t.*t::t: :t:t::t:t;t;:t:tt:t:t:::t:t:t **** :t:t::t:t:J::"t:t::tt:tt:t:t:JXX:t::t.t.:t:t:J:t:t:t::t CH 31 ( 0. 366 MEV) 36.410 CPS :U:::t:t:t:t:t:t::U:.:t::t::t:t::tX1:t::t:t:t::t1::'t:t:t*:t:t.f:t!':t.1::t::t:t::t:t:t:t:t:t:t::t:t:t:t:«.1::t:::t::t*:t:t::::t::t:t:t::t:t:t:t%:t:t:t:t:tt:t:t:t:t · CH 32 (0.378 MEV) 31.721. CPS ::t:t:t:X::t::t:tX:t::t:t::t:t:t:t:tt::t:t::t::t::t:t::t:tt:t:t::t:t:t;:t:tt*X*:t:t::t::t:U:::t;u:::t:t;t::t:t:t:tt;«*;tt:t:t::t:tt.t CH 33 (0.3913 MEVl 27. 4'77 CPS :t:t:t:tt:t:t:t.t..t.:t::t:t*:t:t:t::t:t:t:t:t:t:tX*.::t!:t:t:t:t*-:t::t:t:t:u::t:::t::t:«:t:C*:tt:t:t:t:::t:t*:t:t:t CH 3""1 (0.402 MEV) 25.847 CPS ::t::«:n::tt:t::t:t:t::t:::t:t:t:t::t:::t::t::t:X:t:t.t::t:tn:::u:.:tXX:t:*l:::t:t:t.::t:t:X:t::t:XXX.:UU:.:t:u:.: TOTAL COUNT CH 35 C0.414 MEV) 2-4. 12e CPS 't::t:t::t:t:t:t:t:t:t*******:u:tx:u.::t::t:«:t"Jtt;t;::::nu:::u:t:a.u:t:t:t:u::u::t CH 36 (0.-426 MEV) 23. 62? CPS :u:::t.t.:t::J::t:t:t:$:.:t:*:ttU:X:t::t:::t::t:«:t:ttt:t:t::U:n:t:t:t:t:t:t*t:t::t:t::t::t:t:.tX CH 37 {0.43'7 MEV) 22. 3S8 CPS :t::t::U:tU:tU:;:t:t::tt:t::t:t***.:U:U::I:::t::U::U.:::n:t:t::J::t::n:t:U::t::t.tXX. CH 38 (0.-449 MEV) 21.963 CPS :t:t:U:tU;f:t:t::t********U:J::t)I;"Jt:t*:t:UX:U:t;:tX*:t::t:n::t:C* CH 39 {0.-461 MEV) 20.882 CPS :t::t.t:t.:t:::t::t:t:tt:t:t:t::t::n:t:t:t:t:t.«:u:tt:t::t:u::u::tu::::t:t*:t:.t:t:t:t: CH <10 (0.473 MEV> 21.4'72 CPS ::t:t:t:t:t:t:t~*********************-******::t****X:t:t:t CH 41 f0.485 MEV> 20, ?3? CPS :t::t:tx:t:.t:*":t:t::t:t::t:t:U:t:t:t:t.:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t::t:t%:t::t:t:t::t:U:::t:::tU::t CH 42 C 0. 496 MEV} 21. S13 CPS :tU::t:tU:tt:t:t"t:t:t*:t:t:U::t.t:U.t::t:t:t:ttt:t::t::t::t:t:X:t::t:t:t::tt:t:t CH 43 (0.508 MEV) 20. 193 CPS :t:t;t;:t:U:t::t:tu::ut::U:.t::t:t:tU::tt:tt:XX:t.t:t:t:tX*::t:t*::t:i* CH 44 {0.520 MEV> 19.160 CPS :t::t:t't:t:t::t:::t:t:t:tt:t::tX:t:tt:«:t:*:«t:t:.l::t:t:t:t:t::t::t::ttU::u:t CH 45 {0.532 MEVl 18.979 CPS :tt*:t::n::.•:t::tn:.xu::t:t:.t:r.::n:tn::t:t:tttttt:t:t:U::;:t:t::t:t: CH 46 C0.544 MEV> 19.398 CPS :t~:t:t:t:t*:ti:«:t:t:ttX:t:tt:t:t:::t:t:t"J:t:X*:t:tt:t::t::t:t::t:::t:t:t:t:t CH 47 (0.556 MEV) 20.2:51 CPS :t*:t:t:tn:::t:tt:t:t;t:t::t:tt.:t:t:::t:t:.t::t:t::ttU:::tt:t.t:t:t::t::t:tJ::tU:::t CH 48 (0.567 MEI/l 2.2. 881 CPS ::t::txx:t:.:t::t::t:tt:a:::t::t:t:t::tX:C.:t.XX:t..t::t::t:t:t:XXt:t::tX:t:%::t:u:::t::t:X*Xl:tl.:t: CH 49 C'-'1.5?9 ME\1) 2S.S2? CPS ::t:t:t:t:t::t:ttt:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:tt:t:t:tt:t::t:t:t::t:t:t:t:t:t:t.t*X*~**~***-~*:C:t::t:t:t:t:t::t:* CH 50 .(0.591 MEV) 31. ?80 CPS :U:.:t.:t::t't:::t:tf*:tt:t:t't."f::t:t:t:t:n::t:ct:tf:.tt:tt1:ll::'t:t::t:t:tl.:t:*f'.t::t:*ll::***:t::t*:t:t:U:t:X:t:t:t::t:t*::l* ... c.~ s ~~ .. , e ..{.eJ .r.E.\.o.::- 3~ ,-32S· cPS .ct •. 1: ;.;; :t "t l. ;:..;::; ; ; :;::t..-c: :l.:;;~;; :;:;;.;.-;;:.;:;;:;:~ l: ::.:r."t"t J:.::e:.;.;;;: t:-:::-J::;;:t-;.;:. ;.:-::.-;.;:.·-;_.;:-:::::.;:;: :c:.:a:::.:::- CH 52 C0.G15 MEV> 33. ?68 CPS :t:U.t::t:u::tU::t:t::t::t.t;'t::tU;t;:t:*-:t:ttt::t::t;t;;t:t:t.:U:t.:U:tU:X:t::t:ll::t:t:U:t:t:t:txJ:*:t.tX.:t::t::t:t.:t.:t:t::t::t."tX CH 53 (0.626 MEV) 29. 0?8 CPS ::t::t::f:U:t:t.:t::t::t:t::tf:t*:«:t::t:t:.t:t:t:t:t:tt:tX;t;;:t:tXXt.tj::::U:t:tXt:t.:t,:tU::t::t:t:t:t:t:;t;;:t:u::t:* CH 54 C0.638 MEV) 24.230 CPS ~t:t:t:t:t**********~~:t:t:t:t:XX:t:t::t:XX:t::t:t:t:t:t~X:t:J:X:tt:t:t::t:%:t:t::t CH .. 55 (0.650 MEV> 18.43? CPS ~:t:t:t:tt:t:t*:t~ll::t:tX:t:tt::t:t:t:tt:t::t:t:tt:tt:t:ttt:t~:tt CH~ 56 UL662 MEIIl 15.442 C~S X:t:t:Xft:t:t:t:J::t:t:t:X:t:::t:.t:t::t:::t:tt:t::t:tt::t::t*:tX:t CH 57 {0.6?4 MEV) 13. 172 CPS :t::t:t:t:tt:t:t:t::t~::t::t::t:t:t.f*:t:t:t:t:t::t::t:t:t: CH 58 C0.68S MEV) 12.595 CPS :t:t:t:t:tt::t::t:t:t:;:t:t:t:t:t:ttt:t:t:tt:t:t:t:t CH 59 (0.69'7 MEV> 11.549 CPS Xt:tX:t:tXX:it:~%X:t:tXX:t:t:t:t:t::t:t CH SC C0.?09 MEV) . 11.322 CPS :u:tU::t:t::t:t:.U:t:t:t:t::t::t::t:t:t:t*** CH 61 C0.?21 MEV) 11. 325 CPS :t't:tttt:u:u:t:u·.t::t::t:t:t:t::t:tt::tx CH 62 (0.?33 MEV) 11.673 CPS x:t:txu::::n:u:u:t:n:t:t:u:t::t:t:t::t CH S3 C0.?45 MEV> 11. 013e CPS ::t:t:-*:t::U:t:tt.t:n:t:t:t::ttt:uxu: CH 64 C0.756 MEV) 12.6813 CPS X:t:t.tf*:t:tX:t:t.:t:t::t:t:t:tt:t:tt:t::t::tXJ: CH BS C0.768 MEV> 12.397 CPS ::t:t:t:t******~:ttt:t:t:t:t:t:tX:t:t:t:t:t CH 66 (0.?80 MEV> 11. 80? CPS :uu:.:t:t::t::tt:t:U::t::C:t::tt:t.1::tt:t::t::t::t CH 67 t0. ?92 rlEV> 10.963 CPS :u.u:t:t:t:.t:t:t:tU:.:t.:U:.t:t:t::t:U::t: CH 68 (0.804 MEV> 11.206 CPS ::t:t:::t:t******~*****-******1: C ... SS (0.816 MF.V) 9. 619 CPS :t:U:U::t.t.tt.t:t:t:::t:U:t:t:t:t:t CH 70 (0.827 MEV> 9 365 CPS %Z:tX:tt:.:tXX:t:t:t:tt:::t::t:t:t~:t CH- 71 (0.839 ME\/} 8.322 CPS ~t::t:t::t::tt:t:t:t:~:t::tt:t::t::tt: CH ?2 C0.851 MEV} 8.182 CPS :tt::t::t.t:t:t::t::t):~:t:tt:t:t::t CH 73 (0.863 MEV> 8 003 CPS %:t:t:t:t:t:t:t::tt~:t:tt::t:tt CH ?4 C0.8'75 MEV) 8. 008 CPS ::tt::t:t*:t:t:t::t::.t::t:t.tt:t:t* CH ?5 C0.88? MEV> ? . 960 CPS :t::U::U::t;Jt::n:t::t:tt:t::ttt: CH 76 C0.898 MEV) 8.271 CPS XX*X:t::t:t:XtZ:t:t:t:t:t:t::tJ:: CH 7? C0.910 MEV) 8.304 CPS Xtt:t~:t::t:tt:t:X:t:tt:t:t:tt CH ?8 (0.922 MEV> 9. 42S CPS :t:t:t:t:.t:t::t::t*t:t:t::t:t:t:tt:t: CH 79 C0.934 MEV) 8.047 CPS X**XXX*t:t::t~::t:t*:t:X:t CH 80 C0.946 MEV> 8. 854 CPS :t::t::t::tl.:t::t::t::t:t::t::tt:t:U::.tu: CH 81 (0.95? MEV> 8.31? CPS ~****:t:t::t:t::t;:t:tt.t::t::t::t::t CH 82. (0.969 MEVJ 7.979 CPS ~XXXX:t::t::t:t:tX:t:Xt:t:t.t CH 83 C0 .981 MEVl ?.03C CPS :t:::t::t:l::tt::t:*tt~X:t** CH· 8-4 (0 .993 MEV> ? . 207 CPS t:tt.:tt::t::tXtt;:t::U:::t:* CH as C 1.005 MEVJ 6. 625 CPS :t.:l:tx:t::t:t::t:::tt::t:t:u: CH 86 <1.01? MEV) 6.446 CPS :t::t:::t::tt::t::t:::t:t:t~:t:t:t CH 87 (1.028 MEV) 6. 030 CPS U::t::t.U:::t:::t::t*-'U:t CH as (1.040 MEV> 6.262 CPS *:t::tXX.:t:t::t*t~:t:X:t: CH 89 (1.052 MEV> 6. 419 CPS :t::t:.t::t.::t:::t::t:::t::t::t:::t:t::t:t BISMUTH 214 CH 90 (1.064 MEVl 7 1131 CPS :t::t::t:X:t::t::U.t:U:t:t::t::t: CH 91 (1.0'76 MEV> ? . 395 CPS :t:::t:::t:.t::t*:t***-*:u:n::t CH 92 (1.087 MEV> 8. 260 CPS :t::t::t:::t::tt:tX:t:t:J:X:tU:**:t: CH 93C1.099MEV) 9 201 CPS :.U:t::t:t::t:t:tt::t:t:t:t:t:t.:U:::t::t: CH 94 (1.111 MEV> 10.045 CPS t:t::t:t::t:t::t::t:.t:::r"Jt:tx:t::u::t:::t:t* CH 95 (1.123 MEV> 9. 9C3 CPS :t:::t::t:::t:t;t::t:t:tt:U:*::t::t:X:tU:J::t CH 96 C 1.13S MEV> 11.003 CPS :t::e::t:t:t't.t:tU:::t:t:t::t::t:tX::t::t::t:t*:C CH 9? (1.147 MEV> 9. 916 CPS :t:t::tX:t:::t::t::U::U.:t::t::u::t:U:::t::tt: C~ 9B (1.158 MEV} 9. ?86 CPS :t::t:::t:U::t::t:t:tt::t:u·;t::t:t:tU:::t:t CH 99 ( 1 . 1 70 MEV l 8. 4S9 CPS n::::t:tt:t:t:t:t::t:"X:t:t:::U.tt::t: CH 100 (1.182 MEVl ? , 986 CPS tt;t:X*:t:t:U:::t:";t:.t:::t::tX::t::t BISMUTH B14 CH 101 (1.194 MEVl 7. 052 CPS :t:t:tll;t:«:t::t:t:::r.:t:tt:t::t CH 102 (1.206 MEV) 6. 988 CPS J::t:t:tZX:tJ:X:t.:t::t.U:::t: CH 103 Cl.21? MEVl ""6. 315 CPS :t::t:t:*:t::X:t:t:::t:::t":U:t:::t: CH 104 C 1. 229 MEV) 6. 556 CPS :t:UXj;;t:.:Ut::tt:*** CH 105 (1.241 ME'Jl 6. 150 CPS **XX:t:*XX:tX:t:XJ:: CH 106 (1.253 MEVl 6. 702 CPS *****XX:t:t::t:.:t::ot.::t::::t:.: CH H3? C 1 . 265 MEV l 6. 804 CPS :t:t:::t::tt::t":t:t"-*:t:::t:t* CH 108 C 1. 2.77 MEV J 5.983 CPS :t::XJX.tt:tX:t::X:t:t:t CH 109 J 1. 288 MEV) S, ?46 CPS ************ CH 110 ( 1 . 300 MEV l 5. 43-4 CPS :t:t:::t::t:t:::t:t:t::*:t:::t:x CH 111 (1.312 M[Vl 4.886 CPS :t:tt:t::t:t:t:t:ZX:t CH 112 C 1 . 32"1 MEV l 5. 166 CPS :t:::t:t:~:t:t:.:t:tt:t::t CH 113 C 1 • 336 MEV l 5. 05? CPS t::t:t:t:t::::t:X:tt:t:t CH 114 (1.3~7 MEV) 5.163 CPS ***XtXXX:t:t::X CH 115 C 1. 359 MEV l 5. 200 CPS :U::t*:t::e:U:::t:u CH 116 ( 1. 3?1 MEV l 5, 920 CPS t:t:tXt:t:tX:t:::UX:t POTASSIUM" 40 CH 11 7 C 1 . 383 MEV l s. 993 CPS »:::txn::nx*:;,:x::c:t CH 118 ( 1. 395 MEV l 6. '748 CPS :t::t:X:t*:t:t:t:t::::tt::t::t:t:: CH 119 (1, 40? MEV l S. 4?S CPS ************** CH 120 C 1. 418 MEV J 7.341 CPS J::t::XX:t:tt::t::t:J:XX:C:t:t::t CH 121 (1.-130 MEVl ? . 090 CPS U::t:t:t:::t:tl:U::t:;«;:t::::t::t CH 122 (1.442 MEVJ 7. 950 CPS "t:t:*:t:t::t::tt*:t:t:t:t:::t::t::U. CH 123 ( 1. 454 MEV J 7. 6~4 CPS J:::J:tJ::tl::i:t1:::tX:tJ::tXX CH 124 (1.466 MEVl 7, 58? CPS *************:tU: CH 125 ( 1. 4?? MEV J ? . 3?8 CPS :tt:t:t::t::t::t:U:t:t:tt:t:t:t CH 126 ( 1. 489 MEV J 6, 9?5 CPS *l::t:t:t:t:.t::*:t:t:::tX:C:t:* CH 12? ( 1. 501 MEV J 5.8?0 CPS :t:t:::t::tt::tt:t::t::t:.:t*:t:: CH 128 C 1. 513 MEV l 6 3?5 CPS :t:t:::tt:t:t:::tU:::t:tX:t* CH 129 ( 1. 525 MEV l 5. 380 CPS :t::t:t::t:t:t.:UU::tl: CH 130 C1.53? MEVJ 4 7?2 CPS :t:t:t:t::******* CH 131 <1.548 MEVJ 3. 911 CPS :tt:t:t::U::t:t:t: CH 132 ( 1. 560 MEV l 3. 971 CPS :t::t::t:tt::t::t:t:t POTASSIUM 40 CH 133 ( 1. 5'72 MEV l 3. 460 CPS t::u·u·u* CH 13-4 (1.58-4 MEVJ 3. 43S CPS :t:t::::U:tt:tX CH 13S C 1. 596 MEV) 3. 0S7 CPS :t:t:X:t*:t:t CH 136 C1.608 MEVJ 3.119 CPS ******* CH 137 C1.619 MEVl 2. 882 CPS :t:t::t::tt:."«.t CH 138 (1.631 MEV) 3. 036 CPS ·:t:t::t:t.U~ CH 139 C1.643 MEVJ 2. ?e0 CPS :t::t:t.t::t:t CH 140 t1.65S MEV) 2.772 CPS t:t:t:.tt:tt CH 141 Cl.667 MEVJ C:. 903 CPS J::t:t:t:t:t.t BISMUTH 214 3.275 CPS :«:t:::t:t:t:t:t::X g~ i:~ g: ~~: ~~~; 3. 247 CPS **:t:n;n CH 1"14 C1.?02 MEV) 4.118 CPS :t::t::t;t.:~:t::::t:::t:::t CH 1- PAD K u T K-Matrix 3.8% 2.9 ppm 2.2 ppm U-Matrix 0.6% 28.5 ppm 2.9 ppm T-Matrix 0.6% 3.0 ppm 39.0 ppm Mixed-Matrix 2.7% 18.8 ppm 11.3 ppm Considering the above, we now define a functional relationship using these data, which will provide a method of determining the calibration constants for the spectrometer system. These calibration constants are the sensitivities, in count rate per unit elemental concentrations, and the interactions which occur between the elemental channels in the system (Compton scatter coefficients, etc.). Keeping in mind that we are dealing with the count rates corresponding to the concentrations presented in the last table, we define the following: KC = uncorrected system count rate for the K channel UC = uncorrected system count rate for the U channel TC = uncorrected system count rate for the T channel K = the percent differential concentration of potassium u = ppm differential concentration of uranium T = ppm differential concentration of thorium We also define the following: r;kk = sensitivity of KC to concentrations of K r;ku = sensitivity of KC to concentrations of u r;kt = sensitivity of KC to concentrations ofT -19- cuk = sensitivity of UC to concentrations of K r,; = sensitivity of UC to concentrations of U uu r,;ut = sensitivity of UC to concentrations ofT r,;tk = sensitivity of TC to concentrations of K r,;tu = sensitivity of TC to concentrations of u {.tt - sensitivity of TC to concentrations of T We must now solve for the above nine variables to define the system's overall sensitivity. On the basis of an ideal situation, one would anticipate that some of these variables should be equal to 0. This is not totally the case, since we are dealing with a system which has less than infinite resolving power (e.g., the energies are smeared to some extent). Thus, a spectrum of a given element has a Gaussian shape rather than a pure line spectrum. Additionally, we are dealing with finite spectral windows, multiple peaked spectra, and pulse pile up; all tend to couple each window's response to the other. Using the foregoing, we can write nine equations, one set for each of the three (K, U and T) pads. K pad KC = r;kkK + r;kuu + r;ktT uc .= z;ukK + z;uu u + r;utT r; u + TC = z;;tkK + tu r;ttT U pad KC = r;kkK + r;k uu + r;ktT uc = r;ukK + r;uu u + r;ut T r; u + TC r; tk K + tu r;tt T T pad KC = r;kkK + r;kutJ + r;kt 'r uc = r;ukK + r;uu u + r;utT r; u + TC = r;tkK + tu r,;ttT Separating these equations into consistent groups we get -iO- (U pad) KC = Where Kk = concentration of K in K pad, Ku = concentration of K in U pad, and Kt = concentration of K in the T pad. The equations can be expressed in matrix form z;kk = z;ku z;kt Where the K, U and T subscripts represent the K, U and T pads. In a similar manner we can write the. other two matrix equations for UC and TC respectively. = = ·rn matrix form, these equations can be expressed in the general form of A = 'B • z; or ~ = 8 -l • A -21- where the matrix A is the count rate matrix, B is the known concentrations matrix, and ~ the sensitivities. We now have a functional relationship from which to derive all the sensitivity coefficients. In order to calculate the concentrations in the unkno~~ pad, we rewrite the -1 -1 equation as B = A · ~ and define ~ = 6. Expanding we have: K \ 6 6 m \ ku kt ( KCm I ("kk 6 6 6 um :: uk uu ut uc m I I \ T 6 6 6 m ) \ tk tu tt \ TCm where the subscript m refers to the mixed pad. Expanding this in algebraic form we obtain the following set of equations: 6 6 K = 6 (KC +~UC + __!!___ TC ) m kk m 6kk m 6kk m 6 6 uk 6 + ~TC + um = cue m 6 m 6 KC ) uu uu uu m 6 6 tu tk T = 6 (TC + -r=- uc + KC ) m tt m tt m 6tt . m where all count rates are observed values minus the matrix pads. The terms in parenthesis in the above 3 equations are the "corrected stripped count rates" for the system. (These stripping coefficients are defined in terms of the S .. in order to eliminate confusion with a, 8, y which can be defined 1) slightly differently). The results are defined as follows: 6ku 5 =--- (effect of uranium on potassium) ku 6kk 6kt 5 (effect of thorium on potassium) kt =- 6kk 6 ut (effect of thorium on uranium) s ut =- -t.- uu 6uk 5 =--- (effect of potassium on uranium) uk 6 uu -22- (effect of uranium on thorium) (effect of potassium on thorium) ATMOSPHERIC RADON ·coRRECTION Consider the crystal configuration shown below: j Lead Shield ruz~zzllhl/zlmkXtal 1 Let 1 and 2 designate the down and up crystal respectively. The down crystal sees radiation rates of I 1 composed of the air signal I and the ground signal I plus aircraft and cosmic background. a g therefore Similarly, the up crystal sees the air signal and ground signal (both somewhat attenuated) plus an aircraft and cosmic background. therefore R.I + mi + A2 + C g a 2 Where m is the detector geometry constant for the air signal and 1 is the % of the ground signal getting through to the up detector. Using the test pad data, the factor i can be determined. Consider the two previous equations describing I and I 2. When we subtract the matrix pad data from the K, U and T pad data, we have essentially s.et A1, A2, C1, and C2 and Ia equal to zero. therefore I Il = g u I2 = g or I2 1 = 11 -23- • Instead of using the count rates we can use the resultant sensitivities 1/~ to determine i for the elemental channel U. uu 1 /~uu (up) i u = 1/~ uu (down) It should be noted that due to "shine around" (i.e. gamma rays from the surrounding terrain bypassing the shielding) on the test pads, as altitude increases, i should decrease,-thus i = f(h). ·tmly the factor m remains to be determined. This unfortunately can not be determined from test pad da'ta. It can however be uete:rrnined by flying over water (e.g. use of the Lake Mead over-water data). Consider the equations for 1 1 and 12 again Over water I 0 g = We have A1, A2, C1, and C2 defined. Remove the A's and C's from the over water data and we are left with I1 = I a The constant for the detector geometry, m, is best determined if Radon is present. Both up and down counting rates are corrected for aircraft and cosmic background, and so we can solve the following two equations for I . a I + I Il = g a R.I .. ml 12 = g a ml = ii a 12 - g -24- but I = I g Il - a then I (m-.t) = a I2 - ill I2 - ill or I = = Bi Air a m - i and I is then the Bi Air contribution from the surrounding air. This is then a ·subtracted from the down looking U -count resulting in corrected data. ·-25- DATA PREPARATION The following sections summarize the techniques used for reduction and processing of the airborne data. Data Recording The data recorded on a digital recording system on a geophysical survey aircraft always include data parameter values and fiducial numbers, the latter synchronized with the camera. In addition to these variables, other data are recorded including radar and barometric altitude, temperature, time, manually inserted data such as flight line number, direction, and survey designation. Field Tape Verification and Edit The field data tapes containing the airborne data are read into the computer to verify the recording and data quality. Data recovery is essentially 100% from the field tapes. During this phase, statistics are generated summarizing the altitude (radar and barometric), ground speed and air temperature for each flight line. Simultaneously, the spectral peaks are evaluated for shifts using a-centroid calculation about the peak channel of that window. The data are also checked for ~orrect scan lengths, proper justification of data fields within each scan and live time calculations are made. During this process, the desired window data fields are compared with the sum over the same windows in the spectra and then extracted from each scan and re-written as a reformatted copy tape. The reformatted tape data are then edited, checked and corrected. The data for an entire flight line are read into memory (with aborted or unnecessary flight line data edited out) and each data variable is checked for consistency, data spikes, gradients, etc. Every correction suggested by ·the computer is printed out and further checked by the data processing personnel prior to actual correction. Upon completion of this phase, the data on the output tape are "clean" and ready for subsequent correction of the radiometries and magnetic tieing. Flight Line Location A single frame 35 mm camera is used for obtaining position recovery information. (Doppler systems are not generally used for primary navigation, but only as guides for flying straight lines and subsequently for interpolation along a line between photographically-determined fixes). The photo locations are spotted or transferred to a suitable base map and are digitized. -26- The digitized data are then computer plotted at the same scale as the base map. This map is compared to the recovered flight path map and any errors are corrected. The fiducial numbers at each spotted location are then merged with the digitized data and again checked by calculating the distance per fiducial (ground speed) between each pair of digitized locations. RADIO~ffiTRIC DATA REDUCTION Reduction of these data is carrie~ out utilizing system calibration constants derived from over water flights, the Lake Mead Dynamic Test Range, and the Walker Field Test Pads. The data reduction sequence used may be summarized as follows (See Figure 10 for Flow Diagram): 1. Field data verification and edit 2. Spectrum stabilization 3. Dead time correction 4. Data summing to present 1.0 second sample interval (data were collected at 0.5 second sample interval). 5. Aircraft and cosmic background correction 6. Compton stripping 7. Radon correction 8. Statistical Adequacy Test 9. Altit~de~correction 10. Data plots 11. Statistical analysis Processing of the data were performed using the window energies given below: Total count - 0.4 to 3.0 MeV K - 1.32 to 1.64 MeV U - 1.05 to 1.32 MeV 1.64 to 2.41 T- 2.41 to 2.79 MeV Cosmic - 3 to 6 MeV -27- DATA PROCESSING FLOW DIAGRAM Figure 10 ata Decoding, Verification -This step performs the following: and Summary • System live time calculation • Centroid calculation of K,U,T peaks stability determination • Compares window output with spectral sums over windows Verify Reformatted • Checks for spiking, etc. Flight Path Edited Data • Produces line based statistics Recovery Tape and histograms for ground speed, radar and barometric altitude, outside air temperature, cosmic up and down Spectrum • Edits data Stabilization Dead Time Correct Window Data Merge Produce Flight Flight Path Line Data Base and Map Raw Data Subtract A/C and Flag Cosmic Questionable Background Data -28- Raw Spectral Strip Down crystals stripped with S f (h) · ut = ( Data Tapes Data with all other factors constants. Up crystals stripped via down coupling factor. Determine Radon Correction Use crystal coupling equation to strip and apply to and determine radon to be subtracted Data from down looking crystal. Statistical Adequacy Calculation Geologic Altitude Maps Correction Digitize Calculate of statistically Geology & Ratios adequate data Verify Merge Located Geology Data Tape with Containing Flight - Window Path Data, Mag, Recovery etc. Magnetic Data Processing Remove: Diurnal Magnetic IGRF and Ancillary Stacked Profiles Define Ground Resolution Single Requirements Record Reduced - Data Listing - -29- Average Data Recalculate Statistical Adequacy Calculate of statistically Ratios adequate data Separate Data by Geologic Type Statistical Analysis Anomaly Radiometric Maps Multiple-Parameter Stacked Profiles Averaged Record --Data Listings -30- Aircraft and Cosmic background for the ~ixed Wing Aircraft over these windows described above are summarized below: AIRCRAFT BACKGROUND COSMIC BACKGROUND* T.C. 1304.53 cps 4.162 cps K 144.49 cps 0.376 cps u 312.51 cps 1. 074 cps T 11.83 cps 0.262 cps * These are in cps per 1.0 cps in the 3-6 MeV window Compton corrections to the down data were made using the following constants: sku = 0.339 skt = 0.171 sut = 1.39 suk = 0.55 stu = 0.021 stk = -o.o11 where the subscripts ij represent the influence of the jth on the ith window. All parameters except for Sut are considered constants. Sut was considered an altitude dependent parameter utilizing the following expression (after Grasty 1975). = + 0.0076h where h is the altitude in hundreds of feet .. Altitude attenuation coefficients used are defined as follows: -31- llTC = (-0.00165) per foot llK ·- (-0.00244) per foot llu = ( -0. 00113) per foot llT = (-0.00179) per foot All radiometric da.ta presented in the strip charts have been normalized to 400 feet mean terrain clearance using the expression ___ ---·~xp [!4_.1.:(4~0~0:_:-~h.LjBf.------ whereh is the height in feet, and ~· is the appropriate altitude attenuation 1 coefficient. In cases where the altitude exceeds 1000 feet, the correction is limited to the 1000 foot value. Bi Air calculations are made using the following expression: C1 C1 K - ! LR • uk Kk + ul Ht up us~s~s BiAir = uu uu m - ~ where R = count rate from upward detectors up R. = crystal coupling constant m = crystal geometric factor C1 uk , C1 ut , C 1 uu = crYstal coupling coefficients relating down data to up data R stripped uranium count rate (down system) us = Rks = stripped potassium count rate Wown system) Rts = stripped thorium count rate ~own system) The numerical values for the constant R., m, C1 uk' C1 ut' and C1 uu are given below: -32- C' 0.03554 uk = C' 0.05540 uu = C' 0.1066 ut = R, = 0.0666 - 0.0000318 (h), where h is in feet m = 0.325 - 0.00005 (h), where h is in feet These Bi Air data and the cosmic data are then averaged over a period of 25 seconds (using a running average operator 25 points wide). The resulting data are then removed, on a point by point basis, from the corrected window data. ~~GNETIC DATA REDUCTION The magnetic data reduction processes are correction for diurnal variations, tieing to a common magnetic datum, and "de-trending" by subtracting the regional magnetic field as defined by the IGRF. The diurnal magnetic field is monitored by a ground-based magnetometer that samples every four seconds at a sensitivity of one-quarter gamma. These data are recorded on magnetic tape along with the time for synchronization with the airborne data. The diurnal data are edited to keep only those readings taken during flight time and to remove spikes and man-made magnetic events. They are displayed as profile· data after editing to ensure that all corrections have been made. They are then merged with the airborne data, using time for synchronization, interpolated, and subtracted from the airborne magnetic data. These diurnally corrected magnetic data are then processed by a t1e1ng program that compares the magnetic differences at intersections of flight lines and tie lines. It calculates an individual magnetic field bias for each flight and tie line that will minimize the misties throughout the survey. These biases usually represent, after diurnal correction, systematic magnetic changes such as heading error, changes in location of the ground-based magnetometer, or changes in the airborne equipment. The biases are manually evaluated and selectively applied. The 1975 IGRF (updated to the survey date) is then subtracted from the diurnally corrected, tied magnetic data yielding the reported residual magnetic field. -33- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 'STATISTICAL ADEQUACY TEST The data processing phase (prior to altitude correction) results in a set of data presented in a single record format (1.0 second sample interval). These data are evaluated for their statistical adequacy to ensure that they are significant within the context of the anticipated errors in count statistics. The statistical adequacy of a single data sample can be defined as the validity of that data sample to represent the actual count rate expected from the source being observed. We can define three separate criteria for detection thresholds (ref. Currie, Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 40, No. 3, March, 1968) of which only one is directly applicable to our case; this is the critical level. The critical level is that level at which the decision is made that a signal is "detected". We thus define the ·~tatistical Adequacy'' test level as being this critical level. Setting of these actual levels in counts per ·second for each elemental window is difficult at best since a full analysis of all parameters affecting the resultant count rate is virtually impossible (i.e., all parameters are not known to a suf ficient degree of certainty). We do know, however, that in general, most of the errors which accumulate in the data can be ascribed to the corrections applied, if these corrections are a significant portion of the count rate. The corrections appl~ed to these data are d~str~buted ~n a Po~sson manner and the following assumptions concerning these are made: 1. In the best case, the error propagation in each correction is cumulative (in the ~dditive sense). 2. The sum of these corrections is best represented by a Poisson distribution. 3. The uncertainty in the correction itself is equal to the square root of the correction applied. 4. This uncertainty is directly reflected in the corrected single record count rate. With these assumptions in mind, the criterion for determining the statistical adequacy of a given data sample may be defined as follows: -34- ·If a single record data sample exceeds by 1.5 times the square root of the summed correction applied to that data sample, then that resultant data sample is considered to be statistically adequate. During the course of the processing, all corrections applied to each data sample are retained in a separate data file. These corrections are then used in the above defined sense to determine the statistical adequacy for each single sample record and for each element in that record. Any calculations using statistically in adequate data would also be statistically inadequate (such as ratios calculated from statistically inadequate data). The results of this statistical adequacy test are then utilized to determine an optimum interval over which the data should be averaged (e.g., 5 second or 7 seconds, etc.) in order to reduce the number of statistically inadequate samples to 5% or lower. In the case of this project, the resulting averaging sample interval was 5 seconds. This resulted in 97% or better of all data defined to be statistically adequate, exclusive of those data which were outside of altitude specifications. (The overall altitude specification was maintained at the 95% level). · HYPOTHESIS TESTING It is generally accepted that correlations between radiometric parameters (count rates of K, U, T and their ratios) and corresponding geology can be described by normal (Gaussian) and log normal di.stributions. To date, the limited volume of data processed in this manner has neither proven nor disproven this hypothesis. It is felt however, that once an adequate data base has been accumulated, more definitive results can be obtained. The Big Bend project necessarily represents a "small sample" of the possible variety of count rates associated with similar geologic units in the United States and the data are treated in a conventional manner, .as presented below: All data (K, U, T and three ratios) are sorted in accordance with ground location and associated geologic type. These data are then grouped such that each of the geologic types is represented by a distribution of count rates and ratios. A modified Chi Square testing scheme is utilized to evaluate the following two hypotheses: 1. The count rate distribution for a specified geologic type can be best represented by a normal distribution. 2. The count rate distribution for a specified geologic type can be best represented by a log normal distribution. In addition to this hypothesis test, all data are plotted in histogram format and the mean, median, and standard deviation of that histogram distribution calculated. Each radiometric parameter for a given geologic type is then classified as either a normal or log normal distribution, The measure of central tendency and dispersion for each of these distributions is then utilized as a basis for determining which data are anomalous within a given unit. A sample of such a histogram and distribution is presented in Figure 11. -35- BIG BEND AREA - 6EOMETRICS 1977 POTASSIUM 229 0 0 COUHTS PER SECOND 300.0 ADEQUATE 131.1 9651 SAMPLES Fig\lre 11, Sample Histogram -36- DATA PRESENTATION GENERAL Several forms of data presentation are contained in this report. These include the uranium anomaly/interpretation maps, and Pseudo-contour maps of potassium, uranium, thorium and magnetic data. These are integrated as part of the text in the interpretation section. In addition to these data, Volume II contains a group of data presented in the form of radiometric profiles, flight path recovery maps, anomaly maps and histograms. Microfiche data listings are contained in Appendix G of this volume and data tapes are available separately. RADIOMETRIC PROFILES Stacked profiles were prepared for the averaged data for each traverse and tie line. These stacked profiles, plotted at a linear scale of 1:250,000, contain the following parameters; corrected Total Count, corrected Potassium, corrected Uranium, corrected Thorium, U/TH, U/K and TH/K ratios, Bi Air, radar altimeter, and magnetometer data. Each of the stacked profile sheets contains a plot of the flight path superimposed on a topographic strip with geology over which the aircraft flew. The geologic information was obtained from the published map sheets for this area. Included along these profiles are the fiducial numbers which correspond to flight path position as displayed on the flight path recovery maps. Each of the stacked profiles represents the data contained on that specific flight line within the boundaries of the specified NTMS Quadrangle sheet. Radiometric traces on the stacked profiles contain an indicator showing those data which are statistically inadequate. These statistically inadequate data are marked by a small vertical tick at the sample location. The altitude profile has been limited in display to 1000 feet. A dashed line at the 700 foot level is presented to show those data which do not meet the altitude specifications. The vertical scale of each variable remains constant on all stacked profiles. When overranging occurs, the trace is stepped and the step labeled showing the actual value. A pictorial representation of such a stepping profile is shown in Figure 12. At the end of each stacked profile, a statistical summary of the minimum value, maximum value, mean, and standard deviation for that variable is presented. Contained in Volume II of this report are an equivalent set of stacked profiles for each quadrangle, photographically reduced to an approximate scale of 1:500,000. MAGNETIC PROFILES A set of profiles containing the magnetic _data (corrected, with IGRF removed), barometric altimeter data, radar altimeter, diurnal monitor data, and temperature data are presented at a linear scale of 1:250,000. Each of the stacked profiles contains a plot of the flight path superimposed on the topography and geology over which the aircraft flew. -37- 0 gammas MAGNETm1ETER VALUE 100 gammas 42500 42500 42400 Figure 12 Plotter Step Value Labeling -38- FLIGHT PATH MAPS For each of the NTMS quadrangle sheets covered by this survey, a flight path position map is presented at a scale of 1:250,000. The actual flight path has been superimposed on the geologic quadrangle maps. Flight lines and tie lines are annotated along with fiducial numbers of located positions. Reduced scale, 1:500,000, copies of these can be found in Volume II of this report. ANOMALY MAPS Gamma ray anomaly maps have been prepared for each of the NTMS quadrangles included in this survey. The six anomaly maps generated for each quadrangle represent the following parameters; potassium, uranium, thorium, and U/TH, U/K, and TH/K ratios. The data contained in each of these maps represent only those data which are considered statistically significant. This auto matically excludes all data collected over water or data which falls outside of ald.tude specifications (i.e., altitude greater than 700 and less than 200 feet). The symbolism on each of the six maps is identical. A circle represents every fifth data point (this was selected since the data had been averaged over a 5 second interval). The small boxes adjacent to each of the circles represents one standard deviation from the mean for that specific data sample. In order to determine whether the data shown are represented by positive or negative standard deviations, ·consider each map with north pointing away from the viewer. On the lines running east/west (traverse lines) positive standard deviations lie above or to the north of the traverse lines with negative below or to the south. On the north/south lines (tie lines) positive standard deviations are to the left of the viewer or to the west, with negative standard deviations to the right or to the east. These maps have been generated at a scale of 1:250,000 for each of the NTMS sheets and are superimposed on the geologic maps of the survey area. In addition, these anomaly maps are presented in Volume II of this report at a reduced scale of approximately 1:500,000. HISTOGRAMS Computer generated histograms showing the count rate distribution for each of the six gamma ray parameters measured and calculated as a function of geologic units are presented in Volume II of this report. Information contained on these histograms includes the distribution type (normal or log normal), the mean or median of the histogram distribution, the total number of samples from which the distribution was derived, and the number of statistically adequate samples for this gamma ray parameter. -39- DATA LISTINGS Single record reduced and averaged record (statistical analysis) data listings have been prepared as microfiche. The microfiche are contained in Volume I of this report as Appendix G. Each of the single record and averaged record data listings are presented for the data contained in a single quadrangle. The data contained in the single record data listings are summarized below: 1. Fiducial number 2. Quality - this defines the results of statistical adequacy testing for altitude, potassium, uranium, and thorium. A value of 0 indicates the data are statistically adequate. A value of 1 indicates that the data are statistically inadequate. Data collected in excess of 700 and less than 200 feet are considered statistically inadequate). 3. Time - time presented in hours, minutes and seconds. 4. Altitude - altitude presented in feet above terrain. 5. LAT/LONG latitude and longitude presented in terms of decimal degrees. 6. Magnetic field expressed in residual gammas. 7. Geology- code representing geologic units. 8. K, U, T - count rate of corrected K, U, T data. 9. U/Th, U/K, Th/K - calculated ratios of the various parameters. 10. Tottal Count- corrected total count data (0.4 to 3.0 MeV). 11. COS - downward looking cosmic count rate in the 3-6 MeV channel. 12. Uair - atmospheric Bi-214 count rate. 13 .. Temperature- outside air temperature in degrees centigrade. 14. Press - barometric pressure in inches of mercury. The averaged record (statistical analysis) data listings are summarized below: 1. Fiducial number 2. Quality - this defines the results of statistical adequacy testing for altitude, potassium, uranium, and thorium. A value of 0 indicates the data are statistically adequate. A value of 1 indicates that the data are statistically inadequate. -40- 3. LAT/LONG - latitude and longitude presented in terms of decimal degrees. ~. Magnetic field expressed in residual gammas. 5. Geology - code representing geologic units. 6. K, U, T - count rate of corrected K, U, T data and the integer number of signal C:) standard deviations from the mean. 9. U/Th, U/K, Th/K - calculated ratios of the various parameters, and the integer number of signal (~) standard deviations from the mean. 8. Total Count- corrected total count data (0.4 to 3.0 MeV). 9. COS - downward looking cosmic count rate in the 3-6 MeV channel. 10. Uair - atmospheric· Bi-214 count rate. DATA TAPES Data tape files have been generated for each of the 1:250,000 NTMS quadrangle sheets. The tapes are IBM compatible and recorded on 9 track EBCDIC at 800 BPI. Four separate sets of data tapes are presented: raw spectral data tapes; single record reduced data tapes; statistical analysis tapes; and magnetic data tapes. Detailed descriptions of the data tape formats are presented in Appendix E. -41- DATA INTERPRETATION METHODOLOGY Since the objective of the NURE Program is to evaluate the uranium potential of the United States, a first step in achieving this is to conduct airborne reconnaissance surveys. These reconnaissance surveys provide direct aid in the evaluation of a project area's uranium potential. As a result, the major portion of the interpretation was oriented toward detecting anomalous high concentrations of uranium minerals. To accomplish this, the profile data were located by geological units (as described previously), histograms were produced and statistical analysis performed. Each variable for each rock type was. examined for the central tendency for that distribution; that is, the counts most frequently observed over that particular rock unit and variable. No statistical tests were performed on rock units having less than 20 valid samples after testing for statistical adequacy. For many rock units the best estimate of central tendency for a particular variable was the median and not the arithmetic mean. In no case was the mode used as the measure of central tendency unless it was coincident with the median. Each central record of·a 5 sample average was plotted with corresponding standard deviation and is presented as the anomaly map for that variable. For this interpretation, the minimum requirements for a valid uranium anomaly are defined as follows: 1. Ten consecutive corrected Bi 21 ~ samples lying two standard deviations above the mean (median). (Actually two samples from anomaly maps since every fifth point is plotted). . ... and .... 2. Ten consecutive U/Th ratios lyin~ two standard deviations above the mean (median). 3. The U/Th ratio defined in (2) must have a corresponding thorium value lying at least greater than minus one standard deviation below the mean. If the thorium sample is less than one standard deviation below the mean, the U/Th ratio is considered questionable. At the same time, the potassium, thorium, uranium, residual magnetic, and altitude channels were each ·plotted as a pseudo contour map and overlain on the geologic map and corresponding statistical anomaly map. In this manner general trends and average absolute counting rates could be easily and quickly determined and compared with the corresponding geological and statistical trends. Only the long period signals within each variable would show any continuity from line to 11ne (on a five kilometer line spacing) and thus only the regional trends will appear on these maps. By overlaying each map on the altimeter map, areas of questionable altitude could be immediately discarded from further interpretatior The pseudo contour maps provide excellent information for outlining the broad geochemical trends (e. g., see map in Figure 14). -42- Each series of stacked profiles was overlain on the geologic map and anomaly maps to delineate trends and to perform a more detailed analysis of individual anomalies. The interpretation was concentrated on detection of anomalous uranium counts with subtle geological trends as reflected in the gamma ray profiles examined only in a cursory manner. However, the profiles clearly indicate th~t the spectrometer system is highly sensitive to changes in gross lithology even in areas of l~w counting rates. For example, changes from limestones to anhydrites within the Permian units such as PCS, PCC, PBC, and PRU are reasonably clear. The system is also sensitive to changes between Quaternary deposits such as QB (bolson deposits) and QF (alluvial fan) deposits and QWS (eolian sand) deposits. Thus, there is a real potential for performing general geochemical analysis on a formation (or soil) basis as opposed to just anomaly hunting for radioactive minerals. VAN HORN-EL PASO QUADRANGLE This 1:250,000 quadrangle encompasses two separate and distinct geological structural provinces. The first occupies the eastern third of the quadrangle and corresponds to the westernmost edge of the Permian Delaware Basin which contains sediment thicknesses of up to 10,000 feet dipping to the east. The basin is terminat~d on the west by the north, north-west trending Delaware anticline (forming the Delaware Mountains). West of this anticlinal structure lies the second major province, the Diablo Platform. A graben-like feature, the Salt Basin, separates the Diablo Platform (in the west) and the Delaware anticline (in the east). Superimposed on the Diablo Platform are the Hueco Mountain uplift in the northwest and the Van Horn uplift in the south. Geological structure within the Diablo Platform trends generally northwest to west-northwest with some north-south faulting in the Hueco Mountains, and thrust faults in the southern portion of the platform. Outcropping rocks of the Delaware Basin are mostly thick sections of anhydrites, gypsum, limestones, and marls with lesser amounts of sandstones, shales and silt stones. The Salt Basin (Salt Flat) which cuts the quadrangle approximately in half, is an intermontaine basin with Quaternary alkaline flats, bolson type deposits and extensive wind blown sand deposits. West of the Salt Basin, the uplifted Diablo Platform contains thick sequences of Cretaceous sediments (mostly limestones), and some exposed Permian and older Paleozoic sediments (Hueco Mountains). Within the south central portions of the platform, Precambrian rocks are exposed in the Carri.zo Mounta.:i.ns and Beach Motmtains. A small outcrop of Precambrian rhyolites lies south of the Sierra Pinta. Quaternary deposits account for approximately 50% or more of the exposures:~west of the Delaware Mountains compared to the predominant ·Permian exposures lying to the east. Within the Diablo Platform there are several exposures of Tertiary instrusive rocks and some associated volcanics. Examples are: Quitman Mountains, the Sierra Blanca, Little Round Top, Sierra Prieta, Red Hill, Granite Mountain, Cerro Diablo, Sierra Pinta and Dog Mountain. -43- INTERPRETATION-DISCUSSION & RESULTS (VAN HORN) This interpretation was conducted as described in the methodology section. The resultant Uranium Anomaly/Interpretation Map is shown in Figure 13. Uranium anomalies depicted are summarized in Table 1. Figures 14 through 17 present the Pseudo contour maps prepared for the regional overview (Tables 2 and 3 show print Character Value). All geologic symbol definitions are presented in Appen dix A. Statistical tables defining the distribution type, measure of central tendency and standard deviation data for these rock types are shown in Appendix B. In general, the area east of the Delaware Mountains comprising the Permian Delaware Basin had relatively low counting rates in all respective channels and attendant high ratios due to statistical noise. Occasional high counting rates within the limestone (Permian and Cretaceous) and evaporite sections are probably correlateable with shale units within the formations and are not indicative of any worthwhile radioactive concentrations (for example note the elevated counts over Kbs on line 2-0). On the eastern end of line 6-0 crossing the Reeves-Berson County line, large variable ratios due to low counting rates abruptly change to low, uniform ratios over higher counting rates. This particular area is interest ing as the corresponding rocks (Qao, Qal) suggest no lithologic change. Uranium anomalies displayed on the interpretation map in the eastern area are questionable indicators of uranium mineralization due to the low counting rates and corresponding lithologies present but are included as they meet the minimum requirements. Lines 12-0, 15-0 and 16-0 have high atmospheric bismuth count rates of 175 to 200 counts per second which correspond to a topographic low in the Salt Basin against the western Sierra Diablo Mountains. The generally erratic, high amplitude ratios over the Salt Basin are due to low counting rates and accompanying statistical noise. The highest count rates observed in the quadrangle are over Tertiary Intrusives and volcanics (which is to be expected). Some examples are: the Sierra Prieta with a uranium high of 291 counts per second, thorium high of 169 counts per second which implies approximately 6 ppm equivalent uranium and 26 ppm equivalent thorium or roughly the normal 4. to 1 ratio expected within acidic rocks. Over the Ter tiary Intrusives crossed by profile 23-0, corresponding to San Antonio Mountain, Chatfield Mountain, Wasburn Mountain, etc., a uranium.high of 668 counts per second and a thorium high of 427 counts per second were recorded which yield 14 ppm equivalent uranium and 65 ppm equivalent thorium. The rough 4 to 1 normal ratio is still present but the actual ppm are somewhat anomalous compared with other Tertiary Intrusive units such as at Dog Mountain and Sierra Tinaja Pinta. Anomalously low thorium to potassium anomalies are present over several of the Tertiary Intrusives (See interpretat1on map. Figure 13). The most promising one, anomaly #4 (lines 20-0) is over the Sierra Tinaja Pinta and indicates potassium enrichment and possible hydrothermal alterations. Over Granite Mt (line 12-0) -44- TABLE 1 VAN HORN - EL PASO URANIUM AND THORIUM ANOMALY SUMMARY Anomaly Line Number ·~ Number Geology Type Number of Data Samples (XS) With Defined a -Sa -4a -3a -2a -la 0 la 2a 3a 4a Sa 6a 7a 8a 9a lOa lla 12a * la U&Th 7-0 Qao, Qal 7 5 4 1 3 1 1 2 4 b U&Th 8-0 Kf?, Qao, Qal 1 2 3 1 2 la Th 7-0 Kf?, Qao, Qal 2 2 7 11 6 3 3 2 b Th 8-0 Kf?, Qal, Qal 3 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 * 2 u & 12-0 Qal, Kex, Ti 1 1 1 Th/K 1 6 * 3 u 1004-0 K, Qal, Pl s 3 * 4 u 1004-0 Qao 2 s u 4-1 Qao 1 1 6 Th/K 1-0 Pees, Peci s I ~ 7 u 2-0 Qf 1 3 Q\ I 8 u 1006-0 Qal, Pev 3 1 1 9 u 2-0 Qf 3 3 10 u 4-1 Qws 3 11 u 3-1 Qws 3 4 12 Th/K S-1 Ti 1 2 13 u 4-1 Qe, Pen 2 14 u 3-1 Qao, Qal 2 2 2 1 1 lS u 6-1 Qws 2 1 16 u 4-1 Qal 3 3 1 17 u S-1 Qal 2 2 18 u 1004-0 Kf, Qal 1 3 1 19 u 7-0 Qa,l 1 1 1 1 20 u 6-1 Ph, Peh 2 2 1 21 u 2-0 Qws 3 4 22 u 3-0 Qao, Kf? 1 1 23 u 3-0 Qao, Kex? 1 2 24 u 6-1 Ph, Pbs - 2 1 1 2S u 1007-0 Qb 1 3 26 u 13-1 Pdb 1 1 2 TABLE 1 VAN HOI<.N - EL PASO URANIUM AND THORIUM ANOMALY SUMMARY Anc·maly Line NUIJber -~ Number Geology Type Number of Data Samples (XS) With Defined a -So -4a -3a -2a -lo 0 lo 2a 3a 4a So 6a 7a 8a 9a lOa llo 12o 27 u lOOS-0 Qal 2 1 28 U/Th 10-1 Pes 1 2 1 29 U/Th 12-0 Qb 2 1 30 u 1006-0 Qws 1 4 31 u 12-0 Pdb 2 2 1 32 u 1008-0 Qa1, Pbc 5 1 33 I(J 1007-0 Pee 2 2 2 1 34 I(J 1007-0 Pee 1 2 1 3S u 1007-0 Pee 1 2 36 llJ 19-0 Pee, Pdb 1 2 1 1 I· 37 llJ ~ 20-0 Qal, Pee, Pdb 3 '-I I 38 u 21-0 Pes 3 2 39 u 21-0 Qal, Pes 2 2 40 u 1004-0 Pvc, Qa1 1 2 41 u 1003-0 Keg 2 2 42 u 21-1 Qal, Ph 1 3 43 u 22-0 Qal, Ph 2 2 44 u 22-0 Qal, Qws 2 1 1 45 u 23-0 Pvc 2 2 46 Th/K 1003-0 Ti, Ql 1 2 47 Th/K 20-0 Ti, Ph 2 3 48 Th/K- 4-1 Pea, Pch 2 3 49 Th/K 1006-0 Pcv, Qal ? 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oooooonoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo~oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oo oooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooononnooooooooooonoooooooooonoooooooooooonooooooonoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonnooooooooooooooooooonooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonoooooooooooooooooooooonooooooooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooonooooooooooooooooooooonoooooooooooooonoooooooooonoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 1 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ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonoooooooooooooooooooonoooooooooooooooooooooooooooonooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo l ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 1 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonoooooonooooo ooooooooooooooooooooo 1 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooonoo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 11 oooo on no oo o o o on oon oo o o o o on oo oo ooooooo oooo oo o o oo ooooooo ooo no oo o oo ooooooo oo oo o o ooooooo oo oo o o oo oo o oo ooooooo oooooooooo ooooooo oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo ooooon ooo oo o o oo ooo ooo o 111 ooo oooooooo ooo oooooo oo ooooooooooooo o oo o o o oo ooooo ooo oo o o o oo 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This is a promising correlation for possible mineralization but not necessarily uranium. Anomaly #3 over Qal, Permian limestones and un divided Cretaceous sediments is near the Red Hill Tertiary Intrusive which is a potential uranium source rock. Over the Bonanza Mine (line 5-l) the negative thorium to potassium anomaly may be correlatable with possible mineralization, but not uranium mineralization. The negative thorium to potassium ratios (Anomalies 6 and 48) present over the Carrizo Mountains coincide with high potassium counting rates. These correlate with Precambrian units (PCCI, PCCS, PCA, PCH) and probably indicate the metamorphic grade of the rocks. Uranium anomaly #8, between #6 and 48 is possibly indicative of uranium enrichment, but may only be a relative concentration of Precambrian detritus in alluvium. The maximum counting rates (anomaly #1) within the quadrangle are on line 7-0 within QAO, (older alluvium) on the Blanca Flats between Sierra Blanca and Round Top Mountain (Tertiary Intrusives). A uranium counting peak of 1250 counts per second and a thorium peak rate of 1042 counts per second imply 26 ppm equiv alent uranium, and 160 ppm equivalent thorium. The corresponding uranium/thorium ratios are normal and imply no relative enrichment of uranium. The very high count rates and ppm indicate this is a thorium rich alluvial deposit. It may possibly be composed of mechanically concentrated grains of monazite or thorium rich zircon (thorite) and other heavy minerals erroded from nearby igneous in trusions. A very high Bi Air count rate of 216 counts per second accompanies this major anomaly. The anomaly can.also be seen on lines 6-1, 8-0, 1003-0 and thus has a large areal extent. It lies on a steep magnetic gradient, offset to the east where a second higher amplitude magnetic anomaly occurs over the alluvial flats east of the main radiometric anomaly. Thus the potential source rock, the igneous intrusive, may extend to the east and be downfaulted, but at a relatively shallow depth below the alluvial surface. Quaternary unit Qws, windblown sand, has several minimal uranium anomalies within this quadrangle. This may be due to concentrations of coarser material in lag deposits as well as reflecting nearby sources. A good example is Anomaly #44 near a small outcrop of Ti (Tertiary Intrusive). The magnetic contour map (Figure 17) indicates the majority of the Tertiary Intrusives fall on a north-west trending inferred magnetic fault. The uplifted Hueco Mountains, of Palezoic age, are on a magnetically high, perhaps up faulted, basement block. The north, north-west trending structure of the Delaware Mountains is quite clear on the magnetic map and the very low gradients commencing immediately to the east reflect the beginning of the deeg Delaware Basin. In the southeast corner of the magnetic map at approximately 31 15' north and 104° 15' west, a north trending, positive magnetic anomaly is indicative of relatively shallow magnetic basement and may be a continuation of the Tertiary volcanic exposed in the very southeast corner. -54- PECOS QUADRANGLE Three discrete structural provinces lie within the 1:250,000 Pecos Quadrangle. The western third of the quadrangle is occupied by the deepest portion of the northwest-southeast trending Permian Delaware Basin. Sediment thicknesses range up to 20,000+feet and generally dip toward the basin axis. This basin is terminated to the east by the Central Basin Platform, a structural high which occupies the center of the map. This feature, subparallel to the Delaware Basin, comprises a number of subset structural highs and lows. East of the platform lies the third province, the western margin of the Permian Midland Basin. The margin is char acterized by a series of subparallel normal faults, structural depressions and up lifts. These structures are not readily apparent from an examination of the surfical geology, as most faulting and other structural details were derived from intensive subsurface exploration. Very little of the thick Cretaceous and older sections of limestone, sandstone, shaies, and siltstone are exposed within the quadrangle. Where outcrops do occur, they are usually windows within a pervasive mantle of alluvium. Surficial geology is characterized by several subdivisions of Recent through Pliocene mater ials. The central portion of the Delaware basin is essentially an alluvial flat exhibiting limited dissection, while the flanks of the basin exhibit more dis section. The Central Basin Platform is likewise covered by predominantly Recent to Pliocene sediments such as extensive windblown sand, gypsite and caliche. Outcrops of Triassic shales, siltstones and sandstones occur predominantly on the western third of the quadrangle. The boundary between the Central Basin Platform and eastern Midland Basin is marked by a northwest-southeast trending narro\\' exposure of Cretaceous Predricksburg Group and Antlers Sand. In the southeast corner of the quadrangle a complex of Mesozoic material is exposed on King Mountain and the mesas to the south. The Midland Basin is surficially typified by extensive wind blown sand and calichified alluvium with scattered small exposures of Mesozoic material. INTERPRETATION DISCUSSION &RESULTS {PECOS) This interpretation was conducted as described in the methodology section. The resultant Uranium Anomaly/Interpretation Map is shown in Figure 18. Uranium anomalies depicted are summarized in Table 4. Figures 19 through 22 present the Pseudo contour maps prepared for the regional overview. All geologic symbol definitions' are presented in Appendix c. Statistical tables defining the distri bution type, measure of central tendency and standard deviation data for these rock types are shown in Appendix D. Overall the Pecos sheet is typified by relatively low counting rates in all channels and artificially high ratios as a result .of statistical noise. Despite the presence of a thick Mesozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary section and a number of structural complexities, exposed units are predominantly Pleistocene or younger. Scattered -55- TABLE 4 PECOS QUADRANGLE URANIUM AND THORIUM ANOMALY SUMMARY Anomaly Line Number ~ Number Geology Type Number of Data SamEles (XS) With Defined o -40 -30 -2o -1o 0 1o 2o 3o 4o So 6o 7o So * 1 U/Th 6-0 Qal 2 4 3 * 2 U/Th 5-0 Qao, Qg, Qa1, Qcc 5 7 2 1 * 3 U/Th 21-0 Qs, Qcc 2 5 4 u 2-0 Qal, Qt 1 2 2 2 2 5 u 22-1 Qsd, Qsu 0 5 4 3 1 6 u 22-1 Qsd, Qsu 1 1 3 4 7 u 21-0 Qs, Qcc, Qg 3 2 2 8 u 21-0 Qs 2 4 9 u 21-0 Qsd, Qsu 3 7 5 1 10 .u 21-0 Qsd, Qsu 1 1 2 3 4 11 u 20-0 Qcc, Qal 1 3 12 u 20-0 Qsd, Qsu 1 4 3 1 13 u 14-0 Qsd, Qsu 0 2 1 1 V1 -..1 14 u 14-0 Qsd 2 7 2 1 15 u 14-0 Qsd 0 4 3 16 u 13-0 Qsd 0 3 1 17 u 13-0 Qsd, Qsu 2 24 18 u 13-0 Qsd, Qsu 1 2 4 11 1 19 u 13-0 Qsd 1 2 1 2 20 u 12-0 Qsd, Qsu 1 1 5 1 21 u 11-0 Qsd 0 5 11 7 22 u 10-0 Qsd, Qp 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 23 u 10-0 Qs 1 3 1 24 u 10-0 Qs 0 2 3 25 u 9-1 Kfr, Qal, Qcs 2 4 26 u 8-0 Qsd, Qta 0 0 2 1 2 27 u 3-0 Qau, Qal 2 8 2 28 u 2-0 Qao, Qal 5 7 2 29 u 2-0 Qao, Qal 1 9 4 TA.BLE 4 PECOS QUADRANGLE URANIUM AND THORIUM .A~LY SUMr.fARY Anomaly Line Number Number Geology Tpye Number of Data Samples (X5) With Defined a -4a -3a -2a -1a 0 1a 2a 3a 4a Sa 6a 7a 8a 30 u 2-0 Qag, Qal, Qau, Kw 2 21 29 2 31 u 2-0 Qal 2 20 5 32 u 2-0 Qal 2 6 33_ u 2-0 Qal, Qau 3 21 5 34 u 2-0 Qal, Qau 1 4 35 u 1-0 Qag, Qal 0 5 36 u 1-0 Qag, Kbo, Qal 4 5 37 u 1-0 Qao, Qal 3 7 1 38 u 1-0 Qao, TV 2 3 39 u 1-0 Qao, Qal 2 16 18 1 40 u 1-0 Qal 0 8 2 41 u 1-0 Qao, Qal 0 3 1 I 42 u 1-0 Qa1 0 5 1 V1 00 43 u 1-0 Kfr, Qao, Qal 3 3 1 I 44 u 1-0 Qs, Kfr, Qao 2 1 3 1 45 u 1020-0 Qcc, Qcs, Qp 0 4 2 1 46 u 1020-0 Qcc, Kfr 1 4 2 47 u 1020-0 Ka, Qau, Qal 6 2 4 1 48 u 1013-0 Qao, Qal 0 5 49 u 1018-0 Qsd, Qsu 0 0 0 4 * Preferred Anomaly (meets specification criteri2) Note: This Anomaly Summary presents a significant number of "non-preferred" anomalies which do not meet the defined criteria for anomaly selection. That is, no rel3tive uranium enrichment exists. These are presented for infor mation purposes only. Wher U and Th anomalies overlap (and the U/Th s~ows no anomaly) only the U standard deviation values are reported...... +··-· t++ +++ ++++++•+ ...... + ...... ++ ...... +++ +++ + ...... t ...... t++++ ...... t++t++t ++++ ++++ +++tt •• ++ +tt +••••••••••• t tttt. 22 Ill 1111 !Ill 111111111111111111111 11111111 ~ 11111 11111 111111111111111 111 JUU 3 2 11 000 0 111111111 222 222 111111111111 11111111111111111 111111111111 11111111111~1 11111111111111 1111111 II ~au 3 2 1 111 22222 22222 1111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111 111111 11111 ~u 3! 2 11 11 222222222222 22222 1111111111 22222 1111111111111111111111111111 11 1111111111 111111 111 ~ 111 3 12 111 1111 22222222 U222 11111 1111111111111111111111111 11111 11111111111 1111 1111 2 111111 222222222 2222 1111111 1111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111 11111 ooo 111111111 22222222?.222 222222 22~ 111111 111111 11111 111111111111 1111111 111111111111111111 111 0000000 1111 111 2222222?222222222U222222 33333 22 1111 1111 1111111 111111 1111111111111111111 111 00000000 11111111 11 22 22222222 <22222222 33333.1 222 22222222 111111 222 1111111 11111 111111111111111111!11111 11111111111 3333333 2222 21222222222 2<:2222222 22 I 222222U22 11 111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111 33 222 22212 2222222 ?2<222222 2 11 111 222 U22 1111111111 1111111111 11111 11111111 """""" 33 22 2221 2222 <22222222 22 11 0000 1 2 333 ?22 11111111111 11111111111111 111111 1111 """"""" B 222 2122222222222 3333 2222222221 1 ooono 12 3333 222 tttttttl ltlltlllltllttt """"""" 333 222 2222222 2222222 11 no o 1 22 333 2222 1111 ttlttltttttl 11111111111 uuuu•u B3 222222 222272 22222U 11 11 22 22222 11111111111 1111111111 111111111111111 """ 333333 22222 ?22222 2~222 1111 111 22 2222 11111111111 111111111 1111111111111111111111 uu 33H 33333333 22222U22 H3H33 Z2 11111111 222 22222 1111111111 11111 1111111111111111111 uuuouuu 333HH 33 2222 33 uuuu B 2U 222222222222 1111111111 1111 00 1111111111111111 uu u 33 333 uu uu l 22 H uuu uuaa 33' 222 2222222222222 11111111 1111 1111111111111111 uu 555 u H 3 au uu ll 33 3H' 2222 II 222?2222?222 11111 1111111 1111 111111 u 5555 u H 33 u 333 33333333 22222 222 222 11111111 Ill 111 IIIII uuuu uuuo 333 3333 3333333 22222 22~ 22222 111111111111111111 111 ?22 II 000 I """ 33333333 33333333 22222 222 22222222 11111111t111ttttltllt 111 222 11 ooono 3333333 33!33333333333333333333 222 222 333 222222222222 111111111111111111111111111111 111 3333335 33333 3333333333333333 222 222 333 22222 111111111111111111111111 11111 33133333333333333 3333333333 2222 22222 22222 11111111111111111111 111111 H3H333333333l33333 33333333 2 2222222?222222222222 2222222 111111111111111111111 11111 000 3333333333333333,33 222222 133 333 2 1111 22222222222222222222 222222222 1111111 1111111111111 1111 0 000 l333lH33H333l33333 22222222 ll3333 22 222 222222222 22222222 II 1111111 11111 1111 00000 00 !H33333333333H33H3H 222222222 3H333 22 2222 llllllllllllllllll 0000 000 33333133333313 33333 2222222 533333 222 2222 222222 1111111 1111 0000 33HH3Hl33 33333 222<"222 31 222 22222222222 22222222 1111111 111 000000 00000 333333 3!3!3 222222222 222 2222222222 22222 11111111111 Ill 00 ooooooooo 00000 H3 33333'3 22222U2 2222 22222222 111111 222 111111111111111111111 ooooc 0000000000 0000 3 HHl3!5333 222 2222 111 22 11111 11111111111 0000 0000000000 00 3333 a 3333333 c22222 IIIII 111111 1111 0000000 0000 JJ33333 u""uuuuu 33333 22222222222<22222 11111 111111 1111 000000000 00000 3333333 ••••••••• 33333 22222222222222122222 111111111 1111 1111111 111111 000000000000 00000 llll333H uuauuauu 33:.333333 2222 22222221222 111111111111111111 11111 1111 Ill 0000000000000000000 000000 3 H uauu H33:i3HH3 222222 111111111 111111 1111111111111 IIIII 1111 ooooooooooonoo 0 000000000 3 22 22 33 133333 333 2222 222222222222 11111 111111111111 111111 1111 00000000000 0000000 000000000 3 2 2 333333 222 222222222222 1111 11111111111 IIIII 111 000 0000 0000 00000000 3 22 22 H33333 2222 222222222222 111111111 1111 111111 1111111111111111111111 00 000000000 H 22222 l3 33333 53 2222222222?.22222 !Ill: 11111 11 0000000 Ill 111111 00000 000000000 333 3333 53!333 222<222 1111111111111 II 00000000 Ill 111 0000000000 0000000 3J3] 33333.533333313!3333 2222 111111.1111111111 1!1111111 0000 1111 11!11111 1 11111 00000000 0000000 000000 333 3HHH3HHHB 2222 Ill 1111 11 000000 111111111 IIIII 1111 000000000 OOOOOOJ 000000 Ill! 0000000000 HH 333333 33333 3 22 II 00000000000 II 1111 000000000000 0000 0000000000000 HHH33HH3H33 33BHH3l3333 22 II 000000000•1000 000000000 II 22 111 000000000 ocooooooooooooo ·• 3HHH3l333333H 33333 22 II 00000000100 Ill Ill 00 0000000 ocooooooooooooo HH3H33333H3 33333333 222 II 00000000000 Ill Ill (•0000000000000 3333 33H33BBH3333333333H33H 222 11 0000000000000 IIIII 111111 0000 ocooooooooooooooooooooooo 000000000000000 33333 33333333333333 333333333333333 22 111 00000000000000 111111111111 000000 11111111 0~0000000000000000000000 00000000000000 333333333333333333333 333333 22 II 00000000000 1111 IIIII 0000000 1111111 000000000000000000000 0000000 3!l33HHH3 33333 3333333- 22 11 111111111111111 0000000 0000000000000000000000 00000000000 ~1333133333 333333 3333333333 22 Ill 11111111111 000000000000 00000 0000000000000 HH3HH333 333ll 333333 2222 111111 11111111111 000000000000 0000000000000 l3H33HH3H3 H3H 22222?2 2222 IIIII 111111111111111 00000 00000000000 000000 HH3H3H3HH33HH 22222222 11111111 111111 0000 000000 33333333333333333 2222 111111111111 2222222 1111 00000000 0000 3333 2222 11111111 22?2222222 Ill 0000000 000000000000 000000000 00 Dl3333 3333 2222 :IIIII 2<2 2222222 till 0000000000000 ooooocooooooo 000000000 0000 3333H Hl~ 222 :Ill 222<222 Ill 000 oooooc 00000000 0000 333H ll3 22 11111111 IIIII 222 Ill 0000000000 00 000 llH3 333 22 lltltll !IIIII Ill 000 00000 00000 000 3333 3HHHH3H 22 111111 111 00000 000 0000000 000 H33H 3H33H33l3J:. 222222222222222?2 111111111 111 0000000 0000000000 00 00 3!3HHHHH3H3H3H3:.3 222222222 11111111111 222 IIIII 00 ooooooooo noooooooooo ooo 3l33Hll3l3HHH33HH:iH 22222 II: Ill Ill 2222222 111111111 000 0000000000000000000000000 000 000 l333333HH3333333l 2?22 II: !Ill II 222222 111 00000000000000 00000000000000000000000 00000 Hlll33HHH33H ~22222222222 1111 11111111~1 111 oooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo HHHH3l33l3H 222U22222?.2 111111 111111 1111 1111 00000000000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 33333333 22 11111111111111111 00000000000001 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo nnn 222 2222222 tttttlttttlllttltt 000000000 00000000000000)0000 oooooooooooooooooooooooocooooooooooooooo HH3H 122222222222 111111111111111111 000000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooonoooooooooo oooooooooo 222 11111 1 11111111 1111 00000000000000 00000000000000 000000000000 2222 2222 1111111 111 0000000000000000 000000000 00000000000000000000 222222222222222 1111 1111 111 00000000000000 00000000 00000000000000000000 222222222222222222222 111111111 1111 ooocoooooooooooooo oooocoooo 0000000000000000000000 222222222?.222222222222?.?.22 111 1111 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 222222222222222222222222222 !Ill ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooocooooooooooooo 333 2222222222222222222222222 1111 0 0 0 0 oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 Hll 22222222222222222222222 111111 1111 00000000 000000000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo l33H HH333 2U22222222222222222222 111111 111 0000000 000000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 333H3BHHHHH 222222222222222222222 !Ill 22 11 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 3J33333lJ33333333333333 22222222222222222222 222 111 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3313333333333333!31 22222222 22222<22222 222 11 ooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooJooooooooooooooo 222 333333333333 2222222222222222<2222222 Ill 00000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo II 222 333333333 22222222222222<22?2?.22222 IIIII 0000000000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo II 222 3333333 222222222222<222272222<22 1111111 0000000000 000000000000000)000000000C0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 11 22? 222222222 22222<222 111111 oooooooo ooooooooooooooo oo~ooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo II 2?2222222 2?.222222 222222222 IIIII ooooo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonooooooooooooooo Ill 2222 22222 222 IIIII o o o o oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o on o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 o o o o o o o o o o o o o IIIII 22222 ?222 ltt:tllll 1111111 ooooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooJooooooooooooo 111111 222222222l2222 :tttlll IIIII ooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooJooooooooooooo 11111111 22222222222 :111111 1111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11111111111 222 111111 I : 111111111 IIIII! 000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 1111111111111111 1111111111 Itt· 11111111 111111111 00000000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo !Ill! 111111111111111.111 11111111 000000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 000 IIIII 11111111111111111 IIIII 111111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111111111111111 111111111 11.111111 11111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111111111111 111 1111111111111111 111111111 !IIIII 0000000000000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooocooo 00 111111111 1111111 11111111111111 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0000 oooooo 0000 00 0 00 000 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 11111111 11111 1111111 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o coo o 1111111111111111111111 Ill II 000000000 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo o o coo o o o o on o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o 00 1111 1111111 111111 0000000000 o o o o o o o o oo o o on o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo o o ~ o oo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1111 2222 1111111111111111111111111111 00000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo~oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 1111 1111111 22 11111111 1111111111 1 0000 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 000000 !IIIII 1111111 IIIII 1111111111 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 11111111 1111111111 111111111111111111111111 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 11111111 111111111111 111111111111111111111 oooooooooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooo~ooooooo 11111 I 111 1111111 1111 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo Ill! 0000 111 1111111 111 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonoooooooo 111 0000 IIIII 111111111 1111 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 111111 IIIII 1111111 1 Ill 00000 0 0 0 0 0000000 0 000 0 0 0 oo 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 ooooooooooo 0 0 0 0 00000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 000 0 00 1111111 IIIII 11111111 1111 0000 0000000000000000000000000000000000JOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 111111 1111111111!111111111111 1111 000000000000000000000000000000 OOJOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO IIIII 1111111 Ill! 1111111 11 I 111111111 ~ 1111111111 IIIII ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 111111111111111 Ill Ill 111111111 I 111111 111111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C•0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111111111 0 II II IIIII 111111111111 111111 00000000000000000000000000000000 oooooooooooooooooo ooo 1111111 0 II 00 1111111: 1111111111111111 I 11111 I 1111111111 0000 000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000 Ill 0 II 000 11111"1111111111111111111111!111111 0000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo IIIII 11 000000 llt:ttlllllllllllllllllll ooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 1111111 II 0000000 1.111111111111111111111 0000 00 00 0 0 0 0 0000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oOOOOO 0 00 0 0 0 00000000 Ill 0000000 .11111111 1111111 1 0000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000 Ill 1111 1 . 1111111 111111 IIIII 000000000000000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 1111 IIIII! 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IIIII II 11111111 I Ill 1111111111111111111 oooooooooooooooooo ooooooo 1111111 111111 0 11 111111 1111111111 !Ill 0 0 00 0 000 oooooo oc 000 0 00 0 0000 0 0 00 0 1111111 Ill! 0 111111111 1111111111111111 111 oooooooooooooooocooooooooooo 111!111 II 0 11111111 222 1111111111111111 1111111 000000000000000 Ill 0 111111 222222 Ill llllllllllllllllllllll 0000000000000000 111111 0 IIIII 2222222 11 11111111111 000000000000000 II 1111111 0 1111 22222222 II 11111111111 I 00000000000000 111111 IIIII 0 II 2222222 II 1111111111111111111111 000000000000000 Ill 0 1111 Ill 1111111111111111111111 00000000000000000000 !Ill 0 11111111111 1111 1 11111111 II 000000000000000000000000 0000 IIIII 11111111 0 1111111111111 00000000 0000 000000000000000000000000 II 00 11111 11 11 0 111111 ooooooooooooc 000000 00000000000000000000000000 00000000 11111111 1111111 000000000 00000000000000000000000000000 0000000000 !Ill 1111111111111111 111111111111111 000000 0000000000000000000000000000 0000000000 1111111111111111111111111111 11111 0000000000000000000000000000 0000 1111111111111111 1111111111111 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0000000 0 0 0 00 0 0 000 00 111111 IIIII 1111111111111 II II 0000000000000000000000 ooooooo IIIII Ill 0000( 1111~1111111111111 0 0 0 0000000 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 Ill 111 000 111111111111111111111 0000000000 0 0 0 000000 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 Ill 111 1111111111111111111111 ooc 00000000 0 0000000 0 0 0 0 0 000000 till 11111111 0 11 111 11111111 111111111!111 OC•OOOOOOOOOO 0 0 0 0 00000000 0 0 000000 till! I 11111111 0 111 111 1111111 1111111:11111 0000000000 00000000000000000000 ltlllllll 1111111 00 111111111 111111"11111 0000000 1111 0000000000000 000000000 Ill 111111111 00 111111 IIIII" Ill 11111 00000000000 00000000 11111 111111111 ooo 0000 11111 . 000000 111111 00000000 11111111 1111111111 1 OOOOOOOOOJO 0000000 00000000 11111111!111111 000 111111111111111111111 11111111111 IIIII OOOOOOOOOJ 0000000000 JOOOOOOOOO 111111111111111111111 111111111111111111111 000 1111111111 ' !11 0000000001 II OOOOOO OOOOOOJOOOOOOOO 1111111111 11111111111 000 11111111111111111 111111111 "''f' 111 ooooooooo 1111 000 00000000 111 1111 1111 1111 000 1111111111111 0000 111111 Ill 001>00000 1111111 111 Ill 0000 111 1111 IIIII 1111 1111111111111 00000 II 000 00000 1111111 1111 Ill 1111 11111111111111111 11111111111 IIIII 000000000 II 000000000 Ill Ill 111111111111111111111 111111111 1111111 OOOOOOOOOOOC• II 000000 Ill 0000 111 111 11111111111111111111111 11111111111 IIlii !IIIII 00000000000000 Ill! Ill 1111111 000000000 11 )111 IIIII 111111111111111111 11111111111111 till 11111111 000000000000 II IIIII 11111111 00000000 1111111 00 11111 111111111111111111111111111111!11111111111 11111111 0000000000 0 + 11111111 111111111 0000 111111111111 111111111 1111111111111111111 1111111 0 000 IIIII 00000000 11111111 00 11111111111111111111 11111111111 t II 1111111 0000000000000 00 Ill 00000000000000000 0000000000 1111 11111 I I IIIII 111111 Ill Ill 11111111 II ~ 11 II 11111111 00000000000000 0 + 0000000000000 00000000000 0 Ill! 11111111111111 11111111111111 IIlii! 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111111111111111111111111111111111 0 11111111 111111111111 111111111 oc 000 111111 111111111!111111111111 + 11!111111111111!11111111111111111111111 + + + + + + +. ++ + t+. t ++ t t ++ ++ +. t ++. t t tt t + t + + + ~ + + ++ t. + ++++ ++ ++ + + ++ ++. ~. + t + + t t +++ +t + + t t +t + t + •• + t. tt + + ++ t t t t + +. +. +++. t t t ••• t + +++. +++ ++ + + + t t +++ + t •• t t +. t + •• ++ +. + + ++ +++ t +. + t t •• t + •• ++ + ++. +t. + ++ t + ++ ++ + + + + tt + + t++ + ++ + ++ + + ++ + + ++ t + t t + t + t ++ +t+ •• ++ ++ t •• t ... + +t + t +. t t. t •• t ++ ... ++ t. +. t t t t •••• t +. +t t. ++ t +•• t. t t ••• t. t ...... t t .... t t t ••• t ...... tt + t. t. t + t t +•• + t +. +. ++ + ..... + •• t t t + + +. t ++ •••• t ++ t + + ••• t ... ++ t + •• ++ + t + • 1111 1111111111 111 Ill 0000000000 1111111111111111 1111 II 222 !Ill 1111111: II II 1111 1: 11111 111:1111 1111111111 11111111 000000000 !Ill IIIII Ill 2222 Ill II II: II 1111 ' 1111 1111111111111111111111111 1111111111 000000 1111 1111 22222 Ill 1111111 1111111111 111111111: lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 000 II IIIII 111111 1111 0 2222 111111111111 11111111 . llllllllllll llllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllllll111 111111111 IIIII IIIII 000 222 111111111111 111.11111111 lllllllllll 1111 lllllllllll ooooo II II 1111111111111 000000 11111111111 IIIII 1 .1 111111 Ill 1111111111111 00000000000 I 0 I !II .1ttttlt 111 ooooo tttllttttttttt ooooooooonoo 1111111 0000 2?22222222 II 1111 llllllllll 1111 1111 00000000000 1111111111111 111111 Ill 222222222 ?.2U2 Ill Ill 1111 tlllllllllllllll 00000000000 lllllllllllllllll!lllllllll 00 222 lllllllll~l Ill 00 II lllllllllllllllllllllllll 00000000000 11111111111111111 000 222 ttttltttlt 222u2 111 ooooo 111 tttltt tttttlttttttt oooonooooo 111111111111111111 0000 222 1111111 Ill 00000 II lllllllllllllllllllllll 0 ooooo 111111111111111 00000 22222 Ill 1111 Ill 00000 Ill lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll ooooooooooooo 11111111111 00000 2222 Ill 000 lllllllllll 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It should be noted that structural provinces do exhibit contrasting radiometric behavior as displayed on the rough contour maps. Differences in counting rates within similar units are explainable if mapped units are so broadly defined that formations at one location differ lithologically from similar units elsewhere. Examination of the histograms, particularly for the potassium channel, clearly shows that multiple lithologies are present under several given formational 'designations such as Qal, Qao and Qau. This is best seen from the commonly bimodal nature of the potassium and thorium channels (See Figure 23). Such distributions create difficulties for statistical as well as qualitative analysis. The degree to which underlying geology differs in structural and overall litho logic character from the surficial distributions is well illustrated by the con trast between magnetic contours (Figure 22) and the base map geology or even the uranium and thorium contours. Generally, magnetic trends obliquely transcend sur ficial geologic boundaries. On the other hand, the distribution of magnetic anomalies and the overall grain fit the structural provinces described in the geological summary. The northwest-southeast trend of the Delaware Basin axis is indicated by very long low gradients boardered by steeper gradients on the edges. The Central Basin Platform tends to be a broad magnetic high with a number of parallel and transverse anomalies superimposed on it. The Midland Basin appears to be more structurally complex and shallower than the Delaware Basin. Based upon the stated criteria for statistically significant enrichment of eU over eTh, several preferred anomalies were culled from the Pecos sheet data. Anomaly 1, a well defined circular pattern on the uranium contour maps, occurs over unbroken alluvium (QAL) on line 6-0. Maximum count rates of 299 and 46 cps imply eU and eTH values of 6.3 ppm and 7.0 ppm respectively. This anomaly is character ized by a uranium peak about three times background. It is centered di- rectly over a "plant" adjacent to the Blair Oil & Gas field and the Jamison Pollard Oil field. Either the air above the plant is relatively high in uranium or the "plant" associated materials have entered the adjacent soil. As the Bi Air count is not anomalous, the latter case is more likely. It is also possible that the anomaly predates the "plant". Note that not all "plants" shown on the Pecos sheet exhibit such phenomena, even those similarly associated with oil fields. If each processes oil only from a given field, then the oil (were it a source for this anomaly) may reflect a relatively enriched uranium reservoir rock worthy of further study if outcrops exist. However, this is pure speculation. -63- 816 BEND AREA • 6EOMETRJCS 1977 NORI'IAL POTASSIUM 229 > u z: w :J 0 w ll' ~ 0 0 COUNTS PER SECOND 300.0 I'IEAN I ADEQUATE I'IEDJAN 131. 1 9651 SAMPLES Figure 23. Bimodal Distribution for K4 0 -64- Anomaly 2, on line 5-0, has relatively low count rates of 259 and 40 cps repre sentative of 5.5 and 6.1 ppm eU and eTh respectively. It corresponds to Quatern ary deposits of Qal, Qao, Qg and Qap. Possible sources within the alluvial de posits are the igneous and volcanic cobbles noted to be in conglomorates within the deposits. Uranium anomalies lying within Quaternary Caliche deposits (Qcc) such as Anomaly 3 on line 21, are worthy of further research in light of the large uranium deposit discovered by Western Mining in Calcrete deposits of Western Australia. Anomaly 4 however, does not meet the preferred criteria as a negative thorium anomaly is present (<-lcr), but is associated with a broad positive statistical uranium anomaly (+5cr) and may indicate relative thorium depletion. The uranium contour map shows a relative high which corresponds to three units of alluvium (Qao, Qal, and Qt). The maximum counts of 393 and 35 cps imply eU and eTH values of 8.3 and 5.4 ppm respectively. The presence of terrace deposits (Qt) indicates possible mechanical concentration of more radioactive minerals as a genetic process. It should be noted that the ribbon like band of Kfr and Ka stretching northwest southeast across the northeast corner of the map exhibits minor radiometric contrast with respect to the alluvial units on either side and roughly correlates with a linear offset of magnetic gradients near the edge of the Midland Basin. Overall the highest uranium count rates occur in the southwestern corner of the quadrangle (lines 1-0 and 2-0) over older Quaternary alluvium, (Qao, Qal). Although these features are not statistically significant, they probably indicate relative enrichment of the alluvium from detrius derived from Tertiary extrusives. Anomaly 35, the Qao basin in the extreme southwest corner; has a maximum uranium count rate of 200 cps which corresponds to an eU of 4.2 ppm. Anomaly 37 on the dissected slope east of Wild Cherry Canyon has a higher maximum uranium count rate of 220 cps which corresponds to an eU of 4.6 ppm. Tiny outliers or errosional remnants of Tertiary volcanics (Tv) occurring within the Qao are perhaps associated with relative eU enrichment or the anomalies may be related to detritus from the extensive Davis Volcanic field to the south of the quadrangle. -65- Bibliography Abstracts of the 1975 Uranium and Thorium Research and Resources Conference, U.S.G.S. Open File Report 75-595, 1975. Brobst, D. A., and Pratt, W. P.; United States Mineral Resources; U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 820, 1973. Dixon, W. J. and Massey, F. J.; Introduction to Statistical Analysis; McGraw Hill, 1957. Geologic Atlas of Texas; Pecos Sheet, 1:250,000 sheet, 1976. Geologic Atlas of Texas; Van Horn-E! Paso 1:250,000 sheet, 1975. Grasty, R. L.; Uranium Measurement by Airborne Gamma-Ray Spectrometery; Geophysical Volume 40, No. 3, P. 503-519, 1975. Griffiths, J. C.; Scientic Method in Analysis of Sediments; McGraw-Hill, 1967. International Atomic Energy Agency; Recognition and Evaluation of Uraniferous Areas; Vienna, 1977. ------Formation of Uranium Ore Deposits, Vienna, 1974. ------Uranium Exploration Geology; Vienna, 1970. King, P. B.; The Evolution of North America; Princeton U~versjty, Press 1959, pp 34-40. Knuth, D.E.; The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. #2, Seminumerical Algorithms; Addison-Wesley Publishers, 1973. National Uranium Resource Evaluation, Preliminary Report, ERDA, June 1976. Premoli~ Camillo; Formation of and Prospecting for Uraniferous Calcrete; Australia Mining, April 1976. Tectonic Map of North America, by U.S.G.S. & A.A.P.G., 1962. Till, Roger; Statistical Methods for the Earth Scientist; Wiley & Sons, 1974. Zehna, P. W.; Probability Distributions and Statistics; Allyn & Bacon, Inc., 1970. -66- APPENDIX A ,_•_. Geologic Legend - Van Horn Quadrangle -67-· THE IINJVEBSJTT OF TEXAS AT AIJSTJN TO ACCOIIPANT HAP-VAN HOBN-EL PASO SHEET aV'JlEAI1 OF ECONOMIC CEOLOCT GEOLOGIC ATLAS OF TEXAS GEOLOGIC ATLAS OF TEXAS VAN HORN- ELPASO SHEET E. RUSSELL LLOYD MEMORIAL EDITION VIRGIL E. BARNES, Project Director MARCH 1968 Second Printing, December 1975 EXPLANATION ~ ~ Windblown sand Qwsd, Meas of large dunes 0 Alkali flat deposits Alkali and salt impregnated clay, dolomite, and very fine-grained sand; some intermit·· tent salt lakes I Qalr Qal Qb Qf Young Quaternary deposits >- Qalr, alluvium along the Rio Grande 0:: Qal, alluvium and low terrace deposits along other streams <( Qb, lacustrine and fluviatile deposits of clay, silt, sand, and gypsum in bolsons z Q!, colluvium and fans 0:: I.JJ 1- <( => Qao Qgt 0' Old Qua~tuary t.l~vu::;i l::; Qao, alluvium, colluvium, caliche, and gypsite on .~urface.~ dissected by modern drainage. KENT AREA: includes Gozar and Big tank Gravels. Terraces along Rio Grande. SIERRA BLANCA AREA: includes Balluco; Ramey, Gills, Madde11, and Miser Gravels Toy Limestone, Qgt, f1·esh-water limestone, mostly in southwestern Reeves County Landslide depo::;its Displaced bouldery masse11 of 1·ock. Bolson deposits Clay, sand, and gravel, in part gypsiferous, liOIIIe ca.lichc; includes Gatttna Fot,nntiolt of Kent area >- 0:: Extrusive igneous rocks <( 1- QUITMAN MOUNTAINS: interbedded flows and pyroclastic rocks of the Squ(l.rC Pea./; Vol 0:: canics. SNEED (COX) MOUNTAIN AND WEST OF \'ICTORIO PEAK: .~mn/1 basalt flow rellt- I.JJ 114nts, KENT AREA: rhyolite including Star Mountain Rhyolite in the Davis Mnu.>tloins 1- -68- V'l >- 0:: Kent area [;] 6 Gulfian rocks undivided, and Boquillas Limestone Gulfian rocks undivided, Kg, marl, shale, ttnd argillaceous limestone. Jo'ossils indica.te correlation with central Texas units-Taylor, Austin, upper part of Eagle Ford; thickness 300 ± feet Boquillas I~imestone, l(bo, limestone, ma.l'/, and shnle. Uppr1· pa1·t.-interbedded mad and shale; lower part-limestone, silty to sandy, fiaggy, da1·k grayish orange neu1· base; marine ~n.egafossils; thickness 200 ± feet Cretaceous rocks undivided FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS AREA: small outcrops of limestone, marl, shale, and sandstone; mostly Comanchean, some Gulfian. NORTHERN DIABLO PLATEAU: ba.~al clastic. rocks in cluding Cox Sandstone and Campagrande Forma.tion undivided. SIERRA BLANCA AREA: Gulfian sandstone and siltstone~ Sierra Blanca area Devil Ridge area Kent area Diablo Plateau Cornudas Mountains (/) Kbu :::> 0 Kbus L&J (.) Kbs -69- Buda Limestone, Kbu. DEVIL RIDGE AREA: limestone, ve1·y fine grained, nodula1·, thin, bedded, light brownish g1·ay; weather!': very pale o1·ang1' to pale yel/,wish brown; thickness £40 feet. KENT AREA: fossiliferous limestone and sa.ndstone. Limestone thin to thick bedded, very hard (upper 40 feet); thin to thir.k bedded, argilla.ceou.~ (middle 60 feet); coquinoid, clastic (lower 40 feet). Sar1dstone locally at base, fine to medium grained, hard, quartzitic, some phosphatic nodules, shark teeth, and quartz pebbles. Thickness 140 feet ' Lorna Plata Limestone, Kip, mostly limestone and interiJedded marl, very fine grained, thin bedded, medium light g1·ay to b1·ownish gmy, some bla.ck shale and thin nodular limestone interbeds near base; weathe1·s ve1·y pale orange; marine megafossils; thick ness £,£00 ± feet Boracho Formation composed of two members. San Martine Limestone, Kbs, limestone thin tu thick bedded, argilla.ceou.,, thin inte,·bed., of calcareous shale; prominent 30-foot ledge at base in some localities; marine mega fossils throughout; thickness 230 feet Levinson Limestone, Kbl, limestone, ma.rl, :shale and snnd.~tonc. Uppt•r two-thirds limestone, thin to thick bedded, light gray to light oliv:o gray; interbeds of ycllowi.,h marl and shale. Lower one-third-shale, light to dark g1·ay; a few thin to thick bed.: of limestone; sandstone locally near base. Abundant ma1-ine megafo.~sils include specie., found in Kiamichi, Duck Creek, and Fort Worth Formations of north Texas; thicknes.~ 150± feet :I"' 0 0 CJ) u Finlay Formation :J Cll .... Limestone, marl, shale, and sandstone. DEVIL RIDGE AREA: most./y limestone, very fine 0 0 grained, thin to thick bedded, nodular, medium gray; u•eathers pale yellowish brown; LLJ ... a few thin beds of shale, siltstone, and very fine-grained sa.ndstone near base; thickness u Cox Sandstone Quartz sandstone, conglomerate, limP-RI.one, and sha.lc. DEVIL. RIDGE AREA: mostly qua1·tz sand.~tone, fine to medium g1·ained, thin bedded, rro.,.<-bedded, ripple marked, various shades of gray, brown, orange, and pink; a few thin bed.~ of fossiliferous sandy lime stone and yellowish shale; conglomemtir at base; thins along Devil Ridge from 1,700 feet at sout.heast end to 550 feet at northwi'R( en~/. FINLAY MOUNTAINS AND DIABLO PLATEAU WEST OF GUNSIGHT HILLS: ntolltly .~iltstone U7ld . -70- Diablo Plateau Devil Ridge area Kent area Finlay Mountains Quitman Mountains Apache Mountains Campagrande, Bluff Mesa, and Yearwood Formations Campagrande Formation, Keg, limct~tone, mad, conglomEwat.e, sandstone, siltstone, and shale; thin~; northeastward. FINLAY MOUNTAINS: upper 1.00-£50 feet, alte1-nating marl and limestone, thin to thick bedded, gray; abundant ma1-ine megafossils and forlV minifers; lower pa1·t int.erbedded sandstone, fossilijerous limestone, siltstone, sandy shale, conglomerate composed of limestone and chert; thickness 375-800 feet. NORTH WESTERN DIABLO PLATEAU: mostly varicolored limestone- and chert-pebble conglomerate, in upper part interbedded limestone and calca1·eous shale; thickness 50-400 feet. TRIPLE HILL: limestone, in part sandy, thick bedded, gray; thickness 315 + feet. SIERRA PRIETA: limestone, conglome1·atic in luu:er part, ~nostly thin bedded, nodular, gray, commonly yellou• and red mottled; some marl and clay interbeds; thickness 80 ± feet. SNEED (COX) MOUNTAIN AREA: inte1·bedded limestone, shale, and marl; con glomerate locally at base, up to 80 feet thick, rests on irregular surface; thicknes~; 180 feet maximum Bluff Mesa Formation, Kbm, limes.tone, sand.~tone, an.d sandy shale. Mostly limestone, very fine grained, llan.dy, oolitic near middle, thin tu thick lenticular beds; lenses of quartz sandstone, fine to coarse grained, ca.lcareous and 11ilicecus; some interbeds of sandy sha.le; abundant. ma1·ine megafos:$ils and foraminifers; thickness 1,100-1,1,70 feet r.n Yearwood Formation, Kye, limestone and interbedded shale, thin to thick bedded, light ::;) gray, conglomerate up to 55 feet thick at ba.se; thickness 160 feet, feathers out 0 UJ northward (..) <: 1- UJ a:: (..) Yucca Formation Limestone, sandst.one, 11iltstone, shale, and conglomcra.te. Mostly lime~;tone, aphanitic to fine grained, in part sandy, in part dolomitic, thi11 bedded, dark gray to brown to red. Quartz sandstone, .fine grained, indistinctly cro.~.~-bedded, commonly spotted with iron oxide; in part calcareous, white and gray, weathe1·s broum, in part siliceous, gray, purple, and green. Shale and quartz silt.~tone, thin partings to 3-foot beds, bright red to purple. Drab lime.~tone- and che1·t-pebble conglomerate. Sandstone pro portionately less downwa1·d, proportionately more southward. Over-all appearance a distinctive red brown. Marine megafossils in a few beds. Thickness 600 feet at Eagle Spring to 5,500+ feet in Quitman Gap, wedges out nol'theastward -71- Malone Formation Limestone, shale, siltstone, sandstone, gypsum, and conglomera.te. Upper part-mortly limestone, a.ph.anitic, bed.~ J to 7 feet th~k. black, weatherr gra.y; up to f5 feet of brownish-yellow ra.ndstone and limestone at top. Lower part-complexly interfingered sa.ndstone, Biltstone, shale, limestone, and conglomera.te in v:nious proportions, somR imJ>Ure gypsum· sh.ort-distance lateral facier ch.ange.q common. Sandy shale and rilt rtone, mortly c~areous, massive, beds up to 15 feet thick, pink through red and brown to black; sancf.rtone, mostly calcareous, fine to coarre grained, thin bedded, in part crou-bedded, gray to brownish yellow; limestone conglomerate common at base and top; limestone, sandy, mostly thin bedded, a few beds up to 3 feet thick. Mostly sandy shale and siltstone at northwest end of Malone Mountains, grades southeastward to mostly randstone. Ma1·ine megafo3Bils. Thickness 150-1,000+ feet Gypsum of Rustler and Castile Formations undivided Gypsum in collapse rtructures, white, banded u•ith thin lauc1'.~ of brown calcite; brecciated as much as 30 feet below the su1'/ace, mostly from uppermost part of Rustler Forma tion; may include gypsum and limes tune 1·esidual from, SaJr.ufp FQ1·mu.1wn cu .c0 u 0 Rustler Formation Limestone, siltstone, ran.dstone, gypsum, and clay. NEAR KENT: limestone, dolomitic, thin bedded, light greenish gray to yellowish gray, rome beds brecciated; thickness 1.40+ feet. NEAR COTTONWOOD DRAW: Upper part-limestone and dolomitic limestone rimilar to that near Kent; thickness 100-11.0 feet. Lowe1· part-siltstone and fine-grained sandstone, thin to medium bedded. yelloun'sh gray; thickness 0-50 feet. NEAR LAT. 31"50': Upper part-limestone and dolomitic limestone, thickness 50+ feet. Middle part-siltstone and sa.ndst Castile Formation Gypsum, anhydrite, and limesto11e. Most.ly anhydrite at depth a11d gypsum at HUI'facc, banded, commonly 5 to 30 alternating laminae of b1·own calcite and white gypsu.m per inch, gypsum layers 3 to 20 time.~ as thick as calcite; highly contorted, commonly brecciated a11 much as 30 feet below Hurface. Lime.qtone units scarce, thin to medium bedded, dark brown to black, mostly less than 10 feet f.hir:k. At base, near southwest margin of outcrop up to 100 feet of dolomitic lime.~tone, th~k bedded, ma ..sive. Thick ness 1,500-f,OOO feet. Within outcrop area younger rock.~ are preserved in numerous unmapped collapse structu1·es, may include gypsum and limestone residual from Salado Formation -72- . Bell Canyon, Cherry Canyon, and Brushy Canyon Formations undivided w.. urn part of DlloWGre McnnttGiM Guadalupe Mountains Delaware Mountains Apache Mountains Carlsbad Group, Capitan, Bell Canyon, Tansill, Yates, and Seven Rivers Formations Carlsbad Group, Pcb, lif1Ulstone and sandstone, three units ~tot 1epara.tel11 mappe~ Ta.Mll Formation, Yates Formation, a.nd Seven RiverR Formation. Limestone, mcstl11 dolomitic, in part pisolitic, thin bedded, light gray to white becoming va.ricolo,·ed tLOrthwestward (sh.elfwa.rd). Some quartz eandatone, fine gra.in.ed, thin bedded, gra.y; propt>rtion increa.ses nt>rtA.westward, becof1Uls so17UlwhGt shalJI, brownish ~ellow and red. Grades to ma.ssive Capitan Limestone eouthea.stward (rufwa.rd). Thickness up to 1,000 feet Capitan Limestone, Pc. GUADALUPE MOUNTAINS: reeflimutone, in shelfward part dolo mitic, m.CJ3sive, bet:U mostly 15 to 100 feet thick, white, light gray, gra.yish yeUow, brownish yellow; grades to Carlsbad Group shelftoa.,·d, to Bell Canyon Formation ba.sinwa.rd (southea.stwa.rd) · marine foSBils; thickness 1,000-£,000 feet. APACHE MOUN TAINS: reef li?nestone and dolomite, medium to coarse gra.ined, indistinctly to thickly bedded, very light to dark g1·av; grades fA> Bell Canyon Formation basinwa.rd (north ward), to Y a.tes and Seven Rivers Formations shelf ward (southward); marine mega fossils; thickness up to 900 feet Bell Canyon Fonnation, Pbc, sa.ndstone and li17Ulstone. Mostly sandstone, very fine grained, very thin tA> thick bedded, in part maSBive, brownish ·yeUow. Lif1Ulstone, five units not separatel11 mapped (from top-La.mar, McCombs, Rader, Pinery, a.nd Hegler), fine gra.ined, mostly thin bedded, da.rk gra.y to black, thicknesses of individual units 10-40 feet in basin, 50-100 feet near Capitan reef; f"s11ili scarce except near Ca.pitan reef. Grades into Capitan LimestA>ne. ThickneBB 670 feet nea.r Ca.pitan reef, 1,000+ feet in basin Tansill Formation, Pt, tnostly dolomite, fine gra.ined, very thick to medium bedded, pale yellowish brown; wea.t.hers very pale orange, smaU anhydrite crystal molds common on wea.thered sur/aces; some f ossiliferoul! limestone in northern Apache M ounta.ins; th.ickness 75-100+ .feet . Yates Formation, Py, siltRtone, shGle, limestone, and dolomite. In southern area siltstone, very fine-grained sandstone, and sha.le, thin fA> 17Uldium bedded, some thin beds of sandy li17UlstA>ne, dolomite, and loca.lll( redbeds; grades fA> limestA>ne and dolomite northward (reefward) and in turn to Capttan Limestune, a few thin beds of siltstone, thin to thick beddtd; forms light-culvred moderate slope between dark-colond bluffs of odja.r..l'nt formations; thickness up to £90 feet Seven Rivers Fonnation, Psr, dolomite, some dolomitic limestone, fine grained, ?nedium tA> thick bedded, light gra.y to very pale orange; gru.de11 tu Capitan LimeRtone northward (reefward); marine microfossils; thickness 440 feet Guadalupe Mou:~taina Delaware Mountains Apache Mountaina Sierra Diablo Goat Seep, Cherry Canyon, and Munn Formations Goat Seep Limestone, Pgs, (tongue of Cherrt~ Can~on sandstone at ba.se not separatel~ mapped). Upper unit (Goat Seep Limestone)-m.ostly limestone, in part dolomitic, in part sand~. mostl~ thick bedded, massive, light gra.'ll to brownish yellow; sa.ndstA>ne i"llterbeds tnore a.bunda.nt downward; poorl11 preserved marine fossils; thickness t00+- 1,£00 feet. Lower unit (sa.ndstone tongue of Cherry Can~on Formation)-•m(>Btl~ sandstone, veT'I/ fine to fine grained, soft, brownish ~elluw t<~ pink; IOrM v~tit. of -73- limestone, cherty, sand71, th.in bedded, brown, lim.estone ?IW)re abundant in· GIUJdalupe Mountaim; form.t~ moderate slope; s-ilicified marine fossils; thickruss I 5~00 feet Cherrr Canyon Formation, Pec sandstone, siltstone, nnd lim.estone. Mostly ve,., fine groAned qiUlrtz sandstone ana1 silt.atone, fTWstly noncnlcareous, in part shaly, fTWStlJI thin bedded, some varvelike bedding and ripple marks, irregularly bedded channel fillings com?IW)n in lower two-thirds. LocaU11 persistent thin qiUlrtzite beds in lower pa.rt. SandJI li17Ustone in thin beds, lenses, and nodules in a few places. Lim.estone, three unit.a not separatel71 mapped (from top--Manzanita, South We Us, and GetawaJI }, tA.in to thick bedded, some sandstone interbeds. WESTERN APACHE MOUNTAINS: inter bedded dolomite, limestone, and fine- to veTI/ fine-grained dolomitic sandstone; basal 50 feet ezposed. Thickness I ,000 feet Munn Formation, Pm, dolomite, limestone, silt.atone, and sandstone. Upper par~1tl11 dolomite and lim.estone, fine to coar11e grained1 in part oolitic, medium to thick bedded, wh.ite to grayiah orange; aom.e siltstone ana JiM-grained quartz .andstone, propor tion increa~ea southward. Lower part-mostly dolomite and dolomitic limestone, fine graiJUd, veTJI thick bedded, light brown.iah gray to pale yellowt.h brown., weathers a distinctive brown; thin beds of siltstone and fine-grained sandstone scarce, ?IW)re KUmffOUS ftorthward. Marine m.egafossils and microfossiu. Thickneu 450+ feet B Brushy Canyon Formation Mostl11 aandstone (diacontinuous Pipeline Shale Member at base not separately mapped). Sandstone, in part medium grained, thick bedded, a few persiatent massive unit.a, brownish Jlellow, 71ellowiah gray; in part fine grained, thin bedded, beds in part varve like, brownish 11ellow to brownish gray; a few sandy, fossiliferous limestone len8es; a few thin beds of green siliceous shale and chert. Pipeline Shale Member--1lp to I 50 feet of a hale, sandstone, limestone, and conglomerate; shale, siliceous, platy, black; eandstone, shaly; lim.estone, many thin beds, gray and black; conglomerate at base up to 15 feet th.ick; marine megafossils. Thickness I ,000 ± feet z Malone Finlay Mountains Sierra Diablo Delaware Apache Mountains <( MoU!Iiains Diablo Plateau Guadalupe Mountains Mountains Wylie Mountains ~ 0:: LIJ 0... Briggs, Cutoff, Victorio Peak, and Bone Spring Formations, and Leonardian rocks undivided Briggs Formation, Pbg, mostly gypsum; some carbonate rocks. Gypsum, sparry, granular, white. Carbonate rocks: in upper part-lim.estone and piaolitic dolomite interbedded with gypsum; at base, persistent f5-foot unit of browniah-yellow, sandy dolomite; in middle part--mostly dolomite, fine grained, thick beddP-d with laminations, dark gray; some breccia masses; locally at base, pale brown to gray, fine-grained limestone; in lower part-limestone, fine grained, cherty, da1·k gray, marine megafossils. Thickness 680 feet, base not czposed Leonardian rocks undivided, PI, locally includes Wolfcampian Hueco Limestone. nNLAY MOUNTAINS: marls tone, limestone, limestone-pebble conglomerate; ?IW)Stly marlstone, in part silty, well indurated, thin bedded and laminated, large-scale cross-bedding in places, weathers light gray; li1n.estone, in part dolomite, cherty in upper pcu-t, medium to thick bedded, dark gray, large-scale cross-bedding, abundant in upper part, scattered diacontinu01L8 beds in lower part, marine megafossil.~; limestone-pebble conglomerate distributed throughout, nwre abundant in upper 200 and lower 900 feet; thickness I ,650+ feet, base not exposed. NORTHERN DIABLO PLATEAU: ?IW)stly light-colored lime atone and dolomite equivalent to Victorio Peak and Bone Spring Limestones, includes some beds equivalent to Hueco LinWlstone Cutoff Shale, Pco, shale, siltstone, sandstone, and limestone; meager marine megafos~ils. WEST SIDE OF GUADALUPE MOUNTAINS: discontinuous outcrops ?napped with Victorio Peak Limestone; mostly shale, in part siliceous and black, in part sandy and brown; som.e soft sandstone; some cherty limestone, thin bedded, black, brD'Wrl.iah yellow, and gro11; thickneBI £80 feet maxim.u.m. NORTH OF SIF.RRA DIA!ILO: int.erbedded limestone, shale, and sandstone; limestone, thin bedded o1· platy, gray to black; sh.a.le, siliceous, sand71, brown; sandstone, fine grained, thin bedded; some thin layers of earthy gypsum; thickneBS f50-f75 feet. NORTHWEST END OF APACHE MOUNTAINS: mostly clay shale and eiltstone, thin bedded, yellowish brown; some limestone, thin to medium bedded, dark grtJ'II to black, weathers light .gray; thickness 280 feet -74- Victorio Peak Limestone, Pvc, limestone, dolomite, san~stone, and siltstone; includes at top Cutoff Shale, described ~ove, along west side of Guada.lupe Mountains and at north west end of Apache Mountains. GUADALUPE MOUNTAINS: upper par~limestone, thick bedded, light gray to white; middle part-mostly limestone, thin. bedded, some inter bedded sandstone; lower pa.rt-dolomitic limestone, fine grained, thick bedded, gra.yiah brown; ~bundant marine fossils; thiclrness" 800 feet. Sl~ DIABLO: along ea.st-facin.g esca.rpment-mostly limelltone, in pa.rt 8lightly dolomitic, thick bedded, light gray, abundant marine megafossils; ·southwest of escarpment-mostly dolomite a.nd dolomitic limestone, thin to medium bedded, white to gra.y, rare ghosts of ma.rine fossils; thick ness 900-1,500 feet. NORTHWESTERN £.1'1D OF APACHE MOUNTAINS: upper part-limestone and dolomitic limestone, very thick bedded. light brownish gray, ma.rine fossils; lower part-interbedded grayi.~h-orange siltstone and fine-gfa.ined, very pau ora.nge to pale red dolomite, thin bedded; thickness fBO+ feet. WYLIE MOUNTAINS: four units not separately mapped, from top dou"nwa.rd: (1) mostly dolomite, medium grained, porous, pa.le brownish gray, abundant fusulinids; (f) ma.rl, poorly exposed, thin but distinctive because of slope break; (3} mostly limestone, some dolomite, fine gra.ined, thin to medium bedded, yellowish qray to light browniRh gray; thin interbeds of marl abundant near base; ( 1.) inte1·bedded m.arly limestone, marl, red silty shale, and li7n.e stone-pebble conglomerate; thickness 1,600 feet Bone Spring Limestone, Pbs, limestone, dolomite sandstone, and sh.a.le. Mostly limestone, in. part cherty, thin bedded, dark gray to black, marine m.egafossils scarce; some beds of siliceous shale a.nd shaly limestone; a few thin beds of platy, fine-grained, ca.lcareous, quartz sandstone. NEAR NORTH END OF SIERRA DIABLO, AT VICTORIO PEAK, AND IN~!IAYLOR MOUNTAINS: interbedded deposits 1na1·ginal to ba.sin, mostly limestone and dolomite, thick bedded, ma.ssive, gray, a.bundant marine megafoBBils and fusulinids. Thickness 900-1,700 feet, gra.des to Victorio Peak Limestone southwestward z <( ::E c::: w CL H ueco Limestone Limestone, dolomite, sandstone, shale, mudstone, and conglomerate. HUECO MOUNTAINS: five units not separately ~napped, from top down: (1) Upper member of Alacra.n Mountain For1nation--limestone, medium to very thick bedded, olive gray, thickness 750 feet; (la). Deer Mountain Red Shale Membe1· of Alacran Mountain Formation- mudstone, light to medium olive gray, weathers reddiah brown, and limestonei medium bedded, in pa.rt cherty, medium light gray, thickness 180 feet; (f) Cerro A to Lime 0. stone-limestone, medium to thick undulatory beds, medium light to dark gray, some marl interbeds, thickness !!50-1.50 feet; (3} upper member of Hueco Canyon Forma e tion-limestone, medium to very thick bedded, somewhat cherty, olive gray, maximum CIS thiclrness 660 feet; and (3a) Powwow Conglomerate Member of Hueco Canyon Forma CJ .... tionr-ca.lcareous mudstone, ma.rl, and limestone-pebble conglomerate, thickness 0-100 feet. Ma.ximum thiclrness 1,500 feet. FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS: three units not separately - ma.pped, limestone, fine grained, 1n.edium to thick bedded, light colored; thickness ~ !l,!l00 feet. CORNUDAS MOUNTAINS, SIXTEEN MOUNTAINS, AND SIERRA TINAJA PINTA: black, thin-bedded, petroliferou.s limestone; grades upward into light-colored dolomite; ba.se not exposed. SIERRA DIABLO AREA: mostly dolomitic limestone and dolomite, apha nitic, thin bedded, do.rk gray, cliff forming, abundant fusulinids; grades southwestward into mostly limestone, in part cherty, in part dolomitic, thin to thick bedded, gray, ma.ny partings of marl, .wea.thers to alternating bluffs and slopes, a.bundant marine megafossils. In lower partr--ma,.Z a.nd thin beds of limest.one, gray and yellowish gray, marine megafossils; grades downward to shale, sandstone, and conglo1n.erate, mostly rl!d u.·•id b1·own; generally 'P'OO'T'l'JI expored; th.il.'knP.RR, a.bsent to ~50 feet. Thickness 300-1,100 feet, feathers out in northern Baylor Mountains. WYLIE AND EAGLE MOUN TAINS: mostly limestone, in rart che1·ty, thin to thick bedded, a.pha.nitic, gro,y, cliff forming. In lower part-mar and fossiliferous limestone, grades downward to shale, siltstone, sandstone, and poorly consolidated pebble-to-boulder conglomerate; thick ness, absent to !lOO+ feet ('\...... z Magdalena Formation <( Li1n.estone, sha.le, and marl. FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS: fuur units not separately m.apped z (from top--unnamed unit, Biahops Cap, E-erino, and La Tuna), mostly li1n.estone, <( ~nostly > fine grained, in part cherty particularly in basal unit, very thick bedded, ba.sal ..J unit massive, light gray to black; some interbedded shale; thickness 2,700 feet. HUECO > MOUNTAINS: three units not separately mapped. Upper unit-limestone, including one (f) reef, interbedded marl, some conglomerate. Middle unit-1narl, shale, and some lime z stone. Lower unit--coralline limestone, thick bedded, maximum thickness 1,300 feet. z SIERRA DIABLO: two units in different exposures, with undetermined relations. In w northern exposu·re, limestone, cherty, dark gray, ot•er/a.irr by 11hnle, gray to b/.ack, Q.. -75- abundant megafossils; thickness undetermined, overlies Mississippian, top truncated. z In southern exposure, limestone, gray, thick bedded, fossiliferous, forms prominent z ledges; thickness 1 'TO feet, base not exposed and top truncated UJa.. z c:i Devonian and Mississippian rocks undivided a.. a.. Lim.estone, shale, and chert. FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS: five units not separately mapped (Mississippian-{1) Helms Shale, (2) Rancheria Formation, (3) Las Cru.ces Lime (/') stone; Devonian-(/,) Percha Shale, (5) Canutillo Formation), from the top down: (/') (1) gray and green sllale, sandstone, impure fossiliferous limestone, thickness 150 feet; (/') (2) limestone, argillaceous, bituminou.~. che1·ty, black; weathers rusty brown; thick (/') ness !50 feet; (3) limestone, apltanitic, evenly bedded, bla-ck; weathers gray; sparsely fossiliferous; thickness 60 feet; ( J,) shale, black; thickness 1,0 feet; ( 5) fossiliferous ~ limestone, in part cherty, light brown and light gray; no?ne sqndstone, black, weathers c(S brown; thickness 135 feet. HUECO MOUNTAINS: Mississippian rocks, upper part-shale, sa.ndy shale, and nodules of fossiliferous limestone grading downward to brown z weathering, fiaggy, sandy limestone; lower pal·t-gray, thin: to medium-bedded lime c:i stone, upper half cherty; -thtckness 500 ± feet. Uevoman rocks, upper part-blue sha.le; z lower part--1nostly bedded chert, white, gmy, brownish yellow and brown; some inter 0 bedded limestone; thickness 150+ feet. SIERRA DIABLO: Mississippian rocks-1nost.ly > shale, black, purplish, and dark gray; lenses and beds of fossilife1·ous, earthy lime UJ stone; small phosphatic and pyritic nodules in shale; maximum exposed thirkness 0 135feet (Barnett Shale of P. B. King). Devonia.n rocks-mostly bedded che1·t, yellow·ish brown, brown, white, gray, black, and g1·ern; thin interbeds of black and brown siliceous llhale in upper part, dolomitic limestone in lower part; thickness 125 ± feet Fusselman Dolomite Dolomite, dolomitic limestone, and locally limestone, aphanitic to coarse gmined, thirk to very thick bedded, massive, white to light gray, Mme beds mediu.m dttrk g1·ay; marine fossils in a few limestone beds. Thickness--Franklin 1\fount.n.ins, 600-900+ feet; Hueco Mountains, 630+ feet; Sierra Diablo and Baylor Mountains, 300-1,50 feet. Montoya Dolomite Dolomite, limestone, and sandstone, fout· units not scparat..ly mapp!'d-Cutte1· Membe1·, Aleman (;hert Membe1·, Vph{l.m Member, «'!d C -76- c:: ...as z ...u c:( > (.) 0 ., El Paso Formation > 0 0"" Limesume, dolomite, 11nd BCJndstone. FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS: vpper 1,050 feet,.....Jmostly 0 limestone, inequigranular, in part cherty; lower 540 feet--dolomite, in part sandy; c:: thickne11s 1,590 feet. HUECO MOUNTAINS: upper two-thirds-mostly limestone, granular, 0 impure; lower one-third-mostly dolomite, some sandy intervals; thickness 1,800 ± feet. BEACH MOUNTAIN: mostly dolomite; upper 50 feet--earthy, locally s11ndy; next 813 feet-verJ! fine grained to microgranular, scattered s11nd graiM in several beds, in part chert11: low~:r f5f feet-sa.ndstone, limestone, 11nd dolomite; thickness 1,115 feet EJ Van Horn Sandstone Feldspathic 11andstone, arkose, and conglomerate. Upper part-mostly 11a.ndstone and 11rkose, medium to coarse grained, thick bedded, cross-bedded, yellowU!h brown to purplish redi scattered pebbles and cobbles; a few beds of co~lomerate. Lower part mostly congwmera.te, well--rounded pebbles to boulders, closely packed to widely dis persed in an arkosic sandy matrix; some sandstone beds. Shows angular discordance with overlying Bliss. Thicknes:t variable, maximum 800 feet EJ Rhyolite FRANKLIN MOUNTAINS: rhyolite, porphyritic {elclspa1· and quart:z ph.P.nncrystB: widely spaced but well-defined laye1ing, massive, dark red to black, rounded quartzite pebbles n4'ar hfiJIP.; thi<:kness 1 ,1,00 feet maximum. PUMP STATION HILLS: rhyolite porphyry, phenocrysts of pink feldspar up to 1 em u..:ross aftd olear, giCI.SSY qua.r~. aphanitic groundmass, massive, maroon to dark red; base not ezposed -77- Van Horn area Hazel Formation, pCh, interbedded tandstone and conglomerate. Mostly indistinctly bedded sandstone in northern outcrops, conglomeratic in basal part; mostly con glomerate in southern outcrops, sandstone in upper part. Sandstone, mostly fine to very fine grained, mostly tightly cemented, brick red to maroon red. Conglomerate, poorly SQ1"ted, composed of slightly rounded pebbles to angula.r blocks more than 6 feet across, derived mostly from Allamoore FQ1"mation. Thickness 5,000± feet Van Horn area Allamoore Formation (possibly in part correlative) Allamoore Formatio:t. pCa, interbedded cherty limestone, limestone-pebble conglomerate, phyllite, pyroclastic rock, and lava fiows; numerous shallow intrusions of igneous rock; thickness several thOWiand feet. Carrizo Mountain Group Meta-igneous rocks, pCci, include granodiorite, amphibolite, and metarhyolite. Granodio rite, fine grained, broum to bronze, cataclasticaUy altered, small outcrops. Amphibolite, fine to coarse gra,ined, massive to schistose, gree-n to black; intrude.~ metasedimentary rock and metarhyolite. Metarhyolite, blocky and slabb11. red, pink, brown, bro"Um.ish yellow, und gray, cataclastically altered, some mylonitized zones; intrudes meta sedimentary rock. Thickness 7,700± fer.t Metasedime~tary rocks, pCcs, include units of limestone, fine grained, hard, brown; chlorite-quartz-albite-calcite rock i phyllite, locally sla.ty, blue gray; feldspathic me to quartzite and meta..arko.~e; chlonte-mica schist, mostly fine grained, dark colored; and units of interlayered sericite schist, metaquartzite, chert, phyllite, slate, and limestone; thickness 19,000 ± feet -78- APPENDIX B Statistical Analysis - Van Horn Quarangle -79- ~FlO' U~JT l'l114S . •1 0 +t ·3 •2 +t' ·~ ~ ·------~------·----·-----~------···--·------·------·RIJCV. IJNJT f"lWSO •3 •2 • t tl + t +? ., KQO DTST NQRM.~L q?_ • "B -:oq 1 0 /~. 65~ b 11b.q7q3 129.3000 tat.,.2f)7 1«5'3.9'114 1&6.2&21 BT21ll DTST ~ORMAL .L712?. 20.90A.1 3 8 • 1 0 tJ 1 sc;.Jono 7:?..U9':;9 ~9.69\c; 10b.Af.78 Tl208 DJST LnG 1 3. 7lJ 25 16.4&83 tq.73ll7 23.&uqo 28.33'H 33.9&n7 4().6967 U/1< DJ~T N()PHAL •• nLJ34 • t lllq .~773 .UJ1b .'5q"o ,75~3 .qun U/TH DJST 'JQnMAL -.t)'1f'b .7233 I 1.51153 ?..3&72 "1.1892 a • o 1 1 1 LI.A33t 00 T~/K OlST ~(.lPMAL .08~9 • t! 6 7 .tc;?.c; .1AR2 .22ll0 .?SQR .2Q'5b 0 I ·------·------·------·R1)(11( IINTT (lAF _, •? •1 , +1 +?. .. , 1<1.10 DTST L'H; 7.LJAIU t.>.b~hQ 2t.5468 36.r;&&tJ 6?.,05513 tos.Jt'\?. 178.72lJ2 tH214 O!ST L'1G 1 tJ .• '\hI 8 21.1177 31.051& 45.65~5 &7.1,~5 98.71AO \'15.15'55 Tl208 O!~T Lr'1r. ?.~412 4.?6~8 b.~qqc; 11.1':>\5 1~.n2~& 29.1309 U7.0fHt I J /I< OT~T Lnr; .1~q3 .~51j<) .6690 1.2575 ?.36111) IJ.lllllJO ~.35lJ1 U/TH I)J3T Lnr, .h)'~ 1.?f'l79 ?. 2:B& ,, • 1 3 0 1 7. 6.·~~A. 1'' • 1 2 t 0 2&.1108 TH /I( OTST LrlG .~3~2 .13?3 .~Ot.i5 .31QO ,IJQ'5~ 1 7&Rq 1.tQJ8 ·------·----·------·--·~rJc ~ !Jt~ J T ~AI.~ -~ •? •1 r. + t •? +J ' ·------M·---·-··------·-···------·------···ROCK UNIT C18 •3 •?. •1 0 +1 +2 +'\ 1<40 DtST LOG 10.qt73 20,50f.t7 J~.s1(n 12,3512 l3'i~qo&2 255,28~1 a7q.5ta4 8!214 orsT '-'URMAL ·20.58~5 10,tJ7ll3 41,5372 72,&000 103.&&28 1.34,72'57 1h'i.,7A85 TL208 DJST LOG 3.A82q 7.t&b2 13,2260 2a.aoqq 4'5.0510 83,t'lb2 t•n.a5a& I U/K OTST NORMAL •1.117'1 -.a&oa .1q71 .851.16 1.~121 2 .t bCJ 7 ?.,A272 co ...... U/TI-I DTST ~I()RH 6 L ·3.28~q •1.~CJ~7 .,tJCJ~5 2.,3877 a.?.1QCJ f.t,17~2 "·tlh04 I TH/1< DlST t.JQPM ~L .('12(\IJ .t3:\2 .,?.USB .3584 .4710 ,583& .&qhc ···------·------·--·-··------·------····Rrl(l( UNIT IJF •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +2 +3 K4r! DJST Lr:lG 2"1.~3ll-8 t4?.~bb~ bS,A71J5 10t,70bll 15'7.0287 2a~.liUJt :na,31eo fH21tJ OT~T ~lf.HHUL •11.ot7S2 JQ.7\h5 50.60~3 st.r;ooo 1t2.~Qt7 tu3.?R35 174.,1752 Tl~OR DJST ~IUPMAl -7.5'300 c;.74h7 1q.o1:n 3'.UOOO l!r;.72&7 r;q,ns:n 72.:\800 U/K DJST L'1G .16'53 .?7?b .LJLJQ~ .,7UCI7 1.2210 ?..nt?7 J,Jt7CJ U/TI-I DTST ~OI'~AL •t.?OCJ5 -.n2bU 1,\567 ?..33Q7 ~.5??.8 o.7or;q S.,88CJO iH/It OJST ~lJP!o~Al .~"~3?3 .12QQ .?.21b .3253 .U230 ,52(1#, ,61A'3 ·------·---·------·------~------·rr)r.~< IINIT ran •3 •?. •t 0 +t +2 ., J •3 •2 •t , +1 +2 +3 I ·-·-····------·-----····pncK I.INJ T 11L •3 •.2 •1 0 +1 +? +3 KLIO OTST LI1G 3S.A4J7 bt.~HQ1 107.t772 185,3JSQ Ji?().lJQ16 SSU,?.OQl fi5R,3b44 81214 OTST LnG 3ll.A600 ';,ll. t 562 8-'J.t33& 130.7046 203.05LUI 31'5,LI523 liQO,ObMt Tl20A OTST Lnr. 1ll.3813 ?6.2871 4A.OllOlJ l'7,'32,_0 tftn,5:Hq 2Q3,44?.0 536.3732 UIK OJST LPG .tb?.Q .2655 ,I.Jl27 .7052 t.1lJQlJ 1,8733 J,05lO U/TH OJST Lnt; ·'Q~S .6100 ,Q5?.8 1.4882 2.32t15 J,,3nt~ '5,6714 I TH I'< OIST LnG .22?.5 .2Bh2 ,J&A3 .473Q .~OQ7 ,78QS t,OOQLI 00 ""I ------·-"·------·-"··------·------···fHlC 1< UNIT QT~ -~ -~ •1 0 +1 +2 ·~ l ------·------·------·Rf')(l( IJNTl TV •J •? •1 , + 1 +? +3 I( l.j!') f\T~l Lr1r; 137.A~76 175.1'153 ?23.13R2 21B.~7b7 '&1.lt184 U'5Q,LIS"'5 5~jt&,5t7Q fii211J DJST lnr; b, • h qll 5 R\.')~QS \Oh.'5?. 0 1 t30.q81J3 1~"LQtJ';Q 2L&\,7t3& 3t7,b2lO Tl_21')8 DlST N(lP 'H t (J '5 • f\1 .;> IJ 5?..7~,, AO.I.J~nf~ 10A.?OOO tJc;.qoq2 lb3,fdf'U. lq1.327& U/1< I>TRT t..'UJ:H~ AL. .?.1~0 .Jl3lJ .uo78 ,'50?.1 ,5Qb'5 ,6QOQ ,7853 U/TH DTST L(II; .'50~3 .70~7 ,fl71J1 t,JUAS t.~bb1 2,5HtJt 1.5772 H4/K DY~T NOP~AL .14qR • ?2lJ3 ,2qJl,~ .~7'3 ,U41~ .c;2?3 ,sq&8 Rt:'CI< UNIT TI •\ •? .. , 0 +l +? +J KLJn 0 T S T ~l(liPM AL •17.7253 71.()1ft5 15Q.75132 248.';000 '531.?.t.t18 IJ25.q8~5 5tU.7253 Al?tU DJST LOG Lln.t:~u b~.A46~ 1l!.J~?7 J8S.SQOO 30?.2371 515.262~ BSR.SSOO TL?OB DJST Lnr. lt.QQSO ?O.O?lJQ a~.ttQ6 q~.,7Q2 1QJ.03'37 3Ho.63AQ 77U.IJ025 U/1< DTS'!l' LflG ·'"'!qt;, .?qft·1 .tJQf)2 .ROQ •3 •2 •1 0 +l ·~ +] 1<1.10 OJST NQPMAL S5.Q8Q3 Q8.6262 1U1,h631 181.1.5000 ?27.l3~Q 270,!7JA 313.1)1()'7 81214 DIST NOPMAL 37.3730 ~7.61JQ2 Q7.Q24b 12f.l.2000 ts~.u754 t8A.'75t\8 21q,o262 Tl20A DJST ~GRMAL t.I,.Q~b2 Sh.~'HS 7t,I.IIJA7 86,2000 too.qst3 115,70?.5 130.1.1538 U/K OI !H LfJG .?.764 .J76h ,';133 ,6QQ6 .qsvs l.?QQQ 1,7710 I 00 U/TH DIST LnG .h'5Q7 .Roi?O 1.12~3 1.U1'1 t.q2J1 2.'51?8 J.2AJ3 t/-1 I TH/K DTST .3137 .3603 ,IJ753 .5(11,0 ,6271 ,7?01.1 LI1G ·"138• ··------·~------·------·-··------····ROCK LINTT' KAO •J •2 -t 0 +1 ·~ +3 l ·------·------·------·-·P'1CK U"JTT I( •J •2 •1 0 + t +?. +J l(lJ" DIST t.nG t;?.5Sq5 bU.O()'i8 77,QUlJQ QtJ.QlQb 115.5Qt0 11J0.7blJ2 t 7t • Q1 Q5 bT21U DT~T NORMAL •10.?073 Jb.hOJl 43,Lit36 70,22LIO CH.03UIJ t23,AUtJq 150.6553 TI.?OB OIST Lnr; 21.QI~£13 ?5.6U73 2Q.Q207 31J,Qit)b0 an.722l Ll1,5012 55,1.1228 lJ/1< DJST NUPMI\L -.?0"'1 • 1 t AS .l.l378 ,7572 t.07bb t,'\QCiQ 1,7153 U/TH DTST MCP•HL -.?!P.b .Sb30 t.3L1Ub 2,12b2 ?.qo78 3,-,eq4 IJ,lJ7lO T~/1( C"JST LI1G .?!?5 .?552 .30&3 ,3h77 .1Jt115 .r;Jno .63~1 Rr'JCI( UNtT ~8L •3 •2 () •t +t ·~ +:J I( ll(l DJSr NO~MAL 1.5288 21.185~ 40,8U2~ b0,'5000 80,1571 ~~.ft14l ll~,ll7l2 8121~ OJST NO~MAL 1 t. 7b t 0 2~.~4()7 4R,t?03 b6.3000 84,47~7 102,65~3 t2o,,.3qo TL208 DIST ~ORMAL .11J18 12.~27~ 211,'513~ 36,7000 48,86.,1 e,t,n72t 1~.2se2 U/K DTST NO~~Al. •.7b72 •,OA?.~ • 60 u_, 1,?861 1.~705 2,b5aq 3,33~3 UITM OTST NO~~AL •!.t22q -.03~5 t,ous~ ?.,1303 3,21Ub a,2q~o 5,38:\a TH/1< D~ST ~U~~AL .J1Q8 • ''~ 74 ,Stt;t .bl28 .7105 ,AORl ,qose ····-···------~------·------~------·------·------····Rnc~< UNIT I( R 'J •3 •2 •t 0 +1 +2 +:\ IC: 'H' DtST IIIQ~MAL -71.'3055 •27,'37()tJ tb,5648 &o,5ono l01J,U352 taA,3704 tq2,3055 At214 DTST NO~~Al -&.u;,tJS 21.023b 4R,5t t6 76,0000 103,48~2 1:'50,"7"" 158,4bU5 TL20A OTST ~OR~Al •?.t'l,A83'3 .. LI.31J~7 12,.1q?2 28,7300 4'5,267R 6!,8057 78,31135 .·3,, /Jf>CIJ U/K DTST LnG 3 3 1 ,725q l,l2Jt \,7374 2,bA77 a,t5AO U/TH OTST ~ORMAL ... 3852 .587'3 1.5~1)8 2,5338 3.5068 a,a7fJ8 '5,tJ5?8 I TM/1< DJS1f' LnG .?.~71 .~758 ,3b73 • 'J aq t .6513 ,e&73 t,tsaq 00 ~ I ·------"--·------·~------·-·------···------···ROCI( UNTT 1(8US •3 •2 ·t (I +1 +2 +3 KUO DIST NORMAL 2~. 'l315 3q.OB77 55,ttJJ8 71.~01)0 ~7.25b2 103,31?.3 llfJ,3685 BT214 DTST NORMAL •13.~1~1 tq.tJ213 52,/Jb(JI, 13'5,5000 11~.53qa t5l,5Hn t~a,btAl TL?.Of\ OI~T Lnr. l1.3B'O 2t.a~nt 2~.s(J~q 32,7q~1 l.ln,52Q8 50,(182b 61.~870 U/1< OTST ~ORMAL -.1761 .2q?.1 ,7615 1,2302 t,bqqo 2.tb77 2,b3b5 U/TH OJST LnG .7751J 1.1?.~7 1. 6'12q ~."JqttJ J.aaoq S,Obb8 7,3752 TM/K DTST L'1G .?45\ .3053 ,,803 .u7:n ,sqoo ,734~ ,qtsa ------·------·------·-····R'1CK U~JT I( AS •?. ., 0 -3 +1 ·~ ., I(Q(I DTST L'JG l3.t:SAS 20.Qll2 3'3,?8??. s~.q7t8 8tJ.,OfJ7 13U,t868 213.'5710 B1?.11J DTST ~ORMAL .q.r.."J1h 1!!.11,1~ 37.Q2na bl,bROO R'5.tJ3Q2 toq.tq~a t3~.Q57b TL20P DTST LnG q.~-b~O t'J. t 0? 4 20,571.\b Jo.nosr; 1.13,7#>78 6:5,A4~3 ''JJ.t2tJ2 U/K DIST Lf'G • 2/H.• 3 .40~4 ,1:,710 1.1223 t,AbOI.I ~.neat 5,11?7 U/TH DTST N0°MAL -.~I.J~5 .tq3b 1.23?7 ?..27!7 3.JtOR a,JtJqq '5,36~~ TH/K DTST LOG .2u3i) .?.A~O .a(l?A ,Sb74 ,1QQ3 t,ti?bO t.~8h2 ROCK UNIT KCG () •3 •2 •t +1 ·~ +3 l ·------·------·------·RllC:I< II'IJJ T 1<8M •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +?. +3 KQO DJST NQ~PJ.Al •t7t.732E\ •8LI.U5Rb 2.~157 qO,OQOO 177.36Ul 264,638& 35t.Q128 BI2tu DIST L'}G lQ. \(il6 30.6478 u~.t733 78,AQb7 126,'5870 201,t0t12 325,8733 TL208 DJST NI)~MAL •30.(17~3 ·~.1QUQ 12,QA#:II, :n. 768o ss.ou~q 7&,330Q Q7,flt23 U/1< OIST LllG • t q '. 5 .3152 ,StRQ ,esuo 1.40'57 2,31~7 3,80A3 . U/TH DIST Lnr. .Rt':'2 t.l3t6 ~.5&71 2.1700 3,001.1Q a,t611 5,7622 I TH/K OTST LOG • 1217 .1800 .?.661 ,3Q36 .se~o .~bOb 1,272'5 00 (J'I I ·------~-----·------·------·------·--·ROC I< UNIT KYf -3 •?. •t 0 +1 +? ·~ l U/TH DJST Lr'r, 0 IJ 7 _:) r:i • ?q;>,t~ t,32q0 2.?.2A'1 ,,73~3 ft,?6~6 10,51~1 T~/Y. DIST LOG • 1 q !I 1 .~702 .387?. .Suhq .77~5 t,OQt2 1,'5412 ------~------~------·------··Rr)(l< UNIT I •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +;> ., K~l' DTST L'lG p. • ll 0 ~ , l1.1qU3 37.~A15 78.1\()2 1,'\.b51Q '\t.t2.~nuo 71A.3bQQ BI?.tu 1:'· T S T LOG 27.ntllo 3R.It3tq 5';.?.1151 ·,q,0025 11~.':)7.;6 tot,'5&oq 2lt.n3~2 Tl?.Of1 DT~T U,G P..31)?2 1~.031t7 ?.0.34RS 3t.7b1J ,,q_r;752 77,,8nu 1?0,78!'\5 U/K DT~T Lilt; .1.S37 .~630 • ~ 17~ t,nt~u ~.0038 J,QU~6 7,7576 UITH IH ST ~OR~~ Al -. 7 r;.tJ 1 .40q3 1.'5727 2.7~1>1 '\.Rqq'j '5,0b?.Q 6.22b3 TH/1< DTST Lllr. .111,5 .!7~3 .?.728 .ut7LI .~3~7 ,Q773 t.uq~a Ri1C1t IJN I ·r I(CIJ -3 •?. •1 n + 1 +2 ., 1<40 DIST lll(lP!-4 /1 L 7b.~37b 81,.191'7 95.545Q 104.9000 114.?541 t23,b0':\3 13?.,9624 RI21t.l DTST ~I UP~ A l 3t..C,8Q8 ,, :, • '9 '3 2 r;t.J.19bb 63.001)0 71.~034 60.b0~8 8Q.tatn2 TL2"~ DJST Lr:H~ ;n.rt2tl 3".?.0'54 32.CJ2?6 3~.A81J3 JCJ.tt24 '• 2., 3 n 9 llb,IJ659 LI/K DTST LnG .~LJ1b • ''i 15 , II Qr:; I, .5'HO • 11 q 1 ,A6~1 1,04'52 U/TH DTST Lnr. .a8P'J 1.tq33 1.Ull05 1.7389 i?.OCJ91 2.5339 1,05A7 TH/K DTST L'1G .• ?4~9 .~734 ,JOb' .'\4'\3 .l81J7 ,4312 ,4632 ·------·------~------"·------·-----·------·------····HIJCK UtHT I(LP •J .. 2 •1 0 +1 +?. +3 l(q, DIST NORMAL -2.:\1)~0 2'1.'5227 51,1.1113 7A,3000 to'5.t6A7 132,0773 1'58,9660 Bt2tU CTST NQQIHL. 10.3'302 3?..1)'535 53,77f:t7 75.5000 97.22'31 t 18,9465 140,6696 TL206 DTST LrtG J1.Q8t15 1.,. \41)1 2t.73bb 29.?737 39.U2U3 'SJ,OQU4 71,50117 u/I( OTST LOG .2074 .3a76 ,S82tJ , 1H59 1.6352 2,7399 Q,'5909 U/TH DTST L,G .'1239 t.t643 1,70?4 2.tJtPt ~.'H76 5,t'IS63 1,2683 I TH/K OTST LOG .14?-9 .2012 ,2832 ,3988 .s&ts ,79('17 t,tt:n 00 0\ I -----···---~------·------·------·-··---···-·····Rt1CK UNIT KF --s •?. •1 0 +t +3 ·~ KUO DI3T NQ0!-1~l A.3~30 4,.3~?.0 72,?b10 tOU.2000 136.1390 11,A,07At'l 200,0110 8I21U DTST MQRMAL •1.!357 23.l4'Q IH,~?.tlJ 72.3000 96.77~1:> 121,2511 14-;,7357 Tl21lR OTST "lUPMAl -~. 113 7 b ~-'~0~3 23,251.11 3A,tOOO S?..qt£59 67,7917 82,&376 U/1( DlST LnG • ! ~ 1 t .2900 ·"ijqlJ ,b9bl.l t.,79l 1,6726 ?,5920 U/TH OJST LnG .'d17 .~69& 1,293~ t.861& 2.7l~S J,97q7 5,7879 TH/K OIST "JOO~AL •.1057 .OSOIJ ,20~5 .3b?.7 • "H J\0 ,6750 • ~ 3 t l ------~----·------·------··------·-···ROCK IJNI T I •2 •t n +1 +2 ., ---~ I -~ •2 •1 0 +t +?. +3 I •3 •2 •1 0 +t +2 +3 1(40 OtST ~JQIH1Al q.76~2 29.8101 t~9.BSS1 &9,9000 eq.qaa9 \09,9899 130.0348 BI214 OTST LOG 1?.3UIJ8 ll:4.6bt3 28,20913 ~.~~.61.1tq 6Q.IJ~4l 97, IJII~9 \1.17,3112 Tl20A OJST LOG 10.86':·0 t5.220q 2t.3231 29,A717 1.11,~U74 58,6244 82,1273 U/1( DIST LflG .1476 -.?.Jqr; .J~~f, ,blOb 1.02'2 l,bbt)J 2,69Jq U/TH OIST LDG .3P7 .5234 •· A621 1,4201 ~.JJq2 l,8531 6,1466 n~lt< OIST· ~()PMAL -.nor.'2 •· 15 31 ,3flH3 .a6Jb • ~ 1 ~e. ,77UO ,q293 I 00 -..,J I ··------~------·------·-··········-···--·-····-····POCI( UNff PRII •J •2 ., n + 1 +2 +3 KtJO DJST Lr"G 17.7A38 ~6.3613 Jq,n7'>1) S7,q233 es.efttt ·t27,27lJ1 18A,66t5 .3J2ttJ OIST LnG 1U.tJf)q3 22.1297 3J.q8b5 52.19~2 81).1625 1c?'J,t128 189,0755 TL20A OIST L'JG q_?qF&6 t2.7A3;? 17.'5734 ~U,1588 :n.?.1?.0 45,6577 6~.7672 u /I( OJST LPG .1857 • 'H '';? .1;316 ,A9qlJ t.S2t5 2,1)741 lJ,·l'5t!7 U/TH OIST VlG • I~ q 51 .Ao7q 1.3tA2 2,tsoq J.so~7 5,7268 q,34tJ5 T~/1( DT~T LnG .166/:l .?21>? ,307?. • a 1 71 .56~!1 ,76q2 t,OlJt!U -·------·----·------··RClCif liN J T PC~ •3 •? •1 0 + 1 +?. +3 1(1,£0 OTST Lnr; q.t;'-19~ 1 5 • 7 '1?. ., 2'5.~500 4?.tJ1q6 &q.l:ltoo t14,?2qt t87.4l!~lJ HT2tU DTST LnG tt.o~-..7 17.~~~~ 27.oa7s U?..?.Q6Q 65.98~2 t03,0b"'2 1bO.q8?9 TL 20t:\ O!ST ~OP ~1 A L .. 5.?.LJ7~ ?. • 'Hl, '5 9. 9f3'J 2 17,#:1000 25.?158 32.~315 tJO.tJll73 ·U /I( DTST L'lr. .?.003 -~~~63 .sot~7 ,9tHH t.sqt7 2,67?.3 u.48ftt; U/TH OTST ~O~~Al ·1.~P,10 •6.07?2' - Ll. l15 7 3 -~.~t&?lJ •t.?275 ,3873 2.0022 n11K DJST 1\JQ~:HL -.n372 .1C()5 .?t::;fJ2 ,4029 .St~96 ,,9,3 .etno ROCK UNIT PACO ooJ •2 , +2 •1 •t ·~ l ···--···-··------·-·--·---·------·-----···~OCK tlNTT PAt: •3 •? •1 0 +1 +? +3 1<40 DIST NQO~~l 19.33q5 ~n.t597 bb,971~ 90.BOOO lltt.6202 t::se,uqo3 1f>2,2ft05 Bl2ttt DtST NQP~AL q. 1!9 29 3U.02Ab 5A.St,IJJ 8'5,1000 107.6357 132,17ttt f5b,7P7l Tl..2t)8 t'TST NOPMAL 9.';938 1f,.r;292 23,1J6Qb 31),4000 37.3354 ttt1,2708 51.2062 U/1< DIST Lt::'r, .?.899 .tt234 ,6162 ,9028 t.lt~l 1,9250 2,t'l10 U/TH OIST NQCIMAL ·.tn90 .8.H6 1,8326 2.~334 3.~llJ2 "·"350 5,A359 I TH/1< Dt~T ~OtrMAL .<'990 .1810 .2n?? ,3448 ,U267 ,50"6 ,5905 00 00 I ---·-·------·-··------····ROCK UNIT PC •3 •2 •1 0 •t +i' +J I(QI) I)JST Lnr. 1<'.8306 11't.b061 2'i,4btb 39,0393 59.AS7ft 9t,777b 140,71~3 8I21tt DTST L~1r. 1l!.?.t82 2 t. 'P9 1 Jt.9qt,J 47,Q9AS 72.00'38 10A,01t18 t 62. rr:sse Tl2CH3 DJST LlllG C).1R74 7.U984 10.IBA7 t5.hb72 2?.&4&7 3?,731)3 tt7,31AJ U/1< DJST Lr1G .21~8 .JAA~ ,6968 1.2Qq3 ?..2398 li,Ol58 7,lq99 U/TH DIST Lf1G .6506 1.0977 1.85?.0 J.t21J9 5.?.7?5 8,8f)bO 15,1)oqq TH/K l)tST Lr1r; .toCi2 .tn45 .257Q ,4025 -~~96 .9849 t.5~ns ···------~------~------~------·------·-·ROCK UNJT py _, •?. •t 0 + l +? +3 I t) •3 -~ •1 +t ·~ +l 1<'40 OIST ~O~MAL 20.08~8 l4.25q2 4A,42q~ &?.,bOt)O 7#,.7704 qo,qqoe 105,1112 Bt214 OIST LOG t3.1tlJ'3 2o.rn11 :.n.to77 5?.,&oaa 83.58"" t3?.,AOJO 211,00Aq "rL208 OIST ~QPMAL '. 'H54 8.n170 14,0585 20,1000 2&.1415 32,18'30 38,2246 U/1( DIST L'lG .?.013 .3221 .~152 ,A241 t.3HH• 2,toqo 3.3737 U/TH DTST LI1G .b8b9 1.0956 t,74A2 ?.,7890 4,'4494 1,oqe3 11.321.12 TH/1< orsr L"JG .n920 .t3~1 ,?.072 • J 1t 0 ,IJ&~1 ,7004 t,O'ltt ------~------·-··------·-··-···ROCK U~IT PSR .. J •2 •1 n +1 +?. +3 1<40 OTST L '1G 13.781:& 1q.?.579 27,q1~~ 40,~t570 sA.~Jqo 8l.l,q923 123,t8q2 EH214 DIST LOG lb.~I)P.{) 25.1979 3'1,77iJ3 '5~.&278 84,8912 127,2611 t9n,778t TL2t)8 OTST NOqMAL i?.tH·~ 13.25,9 11.1,'3255 20,4000 2~.1J71.15 32,5'491 38,6236 U/K OtST LI1G • I~ 2' J ,h37~ ,qiJ'1iJ t,lJltiQ 2.1072 3,1]qq l.l,ft773 U/TH OIST "DR MAL ·J.0670 .azqJ t,Q255 3,4218. a,qlAO 6,Lt142 7,qp15 1P~ /I< DIST LOG .~?.?4 ,.'3 0 0 & • a 711 1,1567 1,812~ I • '9 t 8 .7382 00 \0 I ·------·------·-··------·-·------·------·····ROC I( t.lr.J t T PT -3 •?. •1 0 +l +2 +3 1(~0 I)JST NOI1MAL t.J5no 11J,53'1J 27,71h7 uo.qooo 5LJ.0~~3 ~7.2&ft6 8n.a5tJo ::ll2t1J IH S T NQR~AL 14.b2t;R 31'l.LJ372 ijl),2486 62,0600 •77,87tiJ q],68?.8 1oq,u9a2 TL208 DI~T LOG Q.tiRIIO l?..tH20 16,24Jq 21,?.588 27.A21q 3&,1J112 U7,ft523 U/1< orsr NQt?MAL ... q~qP, •.069b ,1qf)b 1,&'507 2.5tOQ ,,:Ht 1 4,?.313 U/TI-4 OIST ~JQQM6L -.3101 .86?.8 2,0357 3.20A6 iJ,3A.t5 c;,c;5ua ~.7273 TI-l /I< DTST LflG .ttJlll .?.253 .3r;~4 .5512 .~620 t,lUAt ?,lOAa ------·------·R'lC '< liN IT PCC -3 -?. •1 0 + 1 +2 ·~ l(ijl') f)TST ~O~MAL ?.<;.h3':ll 4q.t23LJ 72,6117 96.1000 ttq.5a~J l1J,.071)t, t&~.s&aq ~H 214 rJTST "J0°"1AL 7.~1J?ij 31.3616 5'5,0HOA 7~.ROOO 1o?..stq2 1 26 • 2,3AQ 1lJ'l.q'576 Tl20R DY~H "0QMAL Q. 775'1 .~.1171 ?.tJ.05~b :st.?.ono 3R,,IJ1iJ iJ5,U~?9 '5?.. 62 1J 3 'U I'< OTST "fJQMt\l -.20il7 .1546 ,5tao .~133 1.232& 1,59tq t,q512 U/TH OTST ''r:l"MAL ... 'H ~5 .~t'i2 1,541l8 2,U824 3.t1160 IJ,34q7 '5.28ll Tl-411< DTST LI1G • 1 7'52 .21'56 ,?654 ,3267 .LJO?.l ,tJ950 0 h00J RI'JC'< I.IN IT Pr,S n -"3 •2 •1 +1 ·~ +3 'I< Q 1'1 nJST LllG 33.U28_7 4?..~513 5J,U0?5 61,U9M3 8'5.~tf'9 107,82&6 13b.28ll7 HI21~ DIST Lf"JG tQ.352o 2~.~520 I.J1,?.438 60,2101 87.~Q~l 12'3,31"7 187,32&9 TL2n8 OTST 1-JQRfo4AL 3.n~o~ 1rl.JS"35 17,(,21)8 2U,t)OOO 3?.17"32 Jt).IJ~65 Uh,11Q1 U/K DIST LDG .J47·l .a7R2 ,65~3 ,Q061 1.2473 1. 71hQ ?.,3633 U/TH DIST UJG t.02Q~ 1 • 3 A 1 '~ t.~c;ao 2,~8A4 ~.lJQt) a,uB?.h 6,0l6U TH/1( DYST !llf)R~Al .135~ ,21CI6 ,?85~ ,J61)9 .43ft1 .stt3 .r;~," ------·------·-··Rr1CI( I.JNt T P~1 •3 •?. •1 0 +1 +? +3 l •'3 •2 •1 0 +1 +? ·~ KaO OJ.ST 'Jn 1HUL IJ7.~2,_,b 67.nt77 86,?.08Q tos.uooo t2~.sqtt tu~.7823 1h~.97~4 BI21U OIST V1G 33. 7U'57. 40.6816 ~q.·oa:so SQ,t230 71.271J8 85. Q?lJl 103,'581J5 TL208 DJST L'1G 8.7t54 tt.~07q t5,QQ77 2t,67Ut 2Q,'561J8 39,78UU 5J,Q012 U/K DJST V1G • 1 3c:; 2 .21"6 ,353Q ,5713 .Q2J5 t,IJ92Q 2,UtJ.J lJJITI-4 DIST LrJG ,h8'3.5 1,1)8?3 1,7137 2,71~U U,?.C)~U 6,80~8 t0,77t5 TH/K DTST Lf'JG • ~ ~ 0,0 • t t n2 ,t5t8 ,?OQ1 .2680 ,J9ft7 ,5Q64 ··------·------·-·------·····RfJCI< UNIT PBr. -3 •?. •t Cl + 1 +? +3 I<.IJ n DIST LnG t?..t)OP·~ 23.?.2J~ 4t,7Bt6 7S,tf,Q8 135.?.386 21J3,308~ '07.73~3 AT211J DTST Lf1G 27.'71~2 3h.R7?.b IJ8,oi,Q90 6a,Jpn 8U.t)LJIH 112.1qiJ2 tu~.t791 TL208 DTST LnG 1.uv;o t1.80Q~ 18.71Jb6 29,7595 IJ7,?421 7U,99';1 119,0518 IJ/1( DTST L nr, .17~.J ,?.91JO ,50tb ,8556 t,IJ5Q7 2,4901 ~.2481 UIT~ DJST LnG .'i$327 ,90tQ , • 3Qb2 2,tftl3 ,,3456 '5,t7~0 A,Ol70 TH/K DTST Ln:; .~1)24 .~':>31 .Jlb6 ,Jq'59 ,49Sl ,ft1Q2 ,71UU ROC I< UNIT PL ('. •3 •2 •1 +1 ·~ +] 1<41) OTST LOG 15u.quq~ ~7.7723 83~~871 to3.oq28 127.151)1 156,8211 !CJ],tllf)l BI2tU OIST t,jQR~AL 1q.t771 39.U8U7 159,7q2l.l eo.tooo 100.U07& 121),7153 1411,0229 TL208 OtST "'QIHUL 1~.2979 2n.sqa~ 21. Aqcn 315,2000 42,501H 4CJ,80tll 57,1021 U/1< OTST LOG .2738 ,3830 ,5357 ,1llq3 t,OU61 '·"~~~ 2,0508 U/TI-4 DTST L'1G .7714 1. H08 1,5708 ?.,241& 3,19~8 G1 5&U" ,,51ll0. TI-4/K OJST V:.lC: .1972 .235! .2801.1 ,3343 ,39~& ,4752 .5~&7 ·····-··------·------·------·-···------······------·-··-·····ROC I< UNIT PCO •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +2 +] 1 •3 •?. ·t 0 +1 ·~ +:\ I ····------·-R!JC'< liNt T PB3 _, •?. •1 0 ., +?. +l I(IJ(l DJST Lnr; tt,AS?.O lq.J\1 ,, :B.t2t8 ss.:not 9?..5b?.9 154,7385 ?.'58.6782 Hl2tU DTST 'JUQMAL .q.nb(•Q 1S.2Q?.7 'JQ,61Jbl.l ou.oooo 8~.3'5.~b ,t?,7CI73 t:n,n~soq TL2"H CJ~T L'lr. 15.1"3QC 7,1:.7?.0 tt.~B09 17.781J4 27.0771 41.?.2'i5 b?..1bb6 u /I( DIST' L'JG • 11, 6 .?3~3 .ut~96 1.05~8 ?..?.3U7 U,725b q,qQ?b i.l IT 1-4 DlST UJG .r,t:B .q5qq t.7QIJ9 J.J5~2 ~.271)b tt,731J7 2!,91.125 T~/IC CTST ~OR"'AL •.07lJ8 ,()hAS • 21 t 8 ,3551 ,uq~s ~b4t8 ,7851 ROC I< LIN IT PH -~ •?. •1 0 +1 ·~ ·~ 1<40 DtST LOG 2b.31(10 3t).t)435 M),b417 92,0655 13~.77~5 ~1~.~01)8 322,1603 RJ214 OTST "'(IRMAL tl:\.4270 32.11AO 5!.~090 75,5000 97.19\0 1l~.A820 14~.57l0 TL2nA DIST LOG tn.t--3c;t- 15.1U65 2t,'57f13 30,73!6 43.7716 &2,3448 A~.79A9 U/1< DJST LOG .18?6 ,?.9b9 .• 48?7 ,78tJ9 t.?.7h1 2,07SO J,373~ U/lH DIS1!' LOG .b3(\8 .t)781 t,'5tb7 2,3517 J.h4&5 5,b541 8,1671 TH/1< DIST NORM~L .0823 .t&q2 ,?-5bt ,3430 .4299 ,5lf18 ,6037 ···------····------·------·-······ROC!< liNlT JPM •3 •? •1 0 +1 +?. +3 1<4(\ DIST LOG 2·?.. 0 921 27.9353 3S.~?.Jq "~.&668 56.48~8 71,4lqu 9t),3f'9] BI214 orsr LOG 27.7.!1?6 34.6417 43,7570 54,9536 69.1)153 86,6750 1o~.A535 TL208 DIST NORMAL 2.1Jl(l3 6,2069 14,(Hl:\4 19,8000 25.'5966 3t,39Jt 37,1897 U/1< nrsr LOG .c;:s74 .70A3 • 9335 . t.~Jf\3 1,6215 2,1371 2.8lb7 U/TH DIST LnG 1.1276 1.541J8 2,1163 ?.,8993 3.97~0 S,4416 7.45QC) I TH/1< DlST NO~ MAL .n~l.jq .190U .31'59 ,4U14 .Sbb9 ,b9~4 ,Al79 10 N I ·------~------·------·------······------~------·-·-·-··.PIJC I< UNIT I')M ., •2 •1 0 + 1 +2 +3 KL!n OIST LOG ?LI.?.538 J,.9eq4 47.bJ(U) 6':>,7530 93.t;4~1 t3t,09A9 183,7227 fH214 DJ.ST NLJPMI.L 6.8577 2b.J\051 46,71)2& bb.7000 8b.bt~14 !Ob,'5qll9 12&.~423 Tt206 I)!~T t.~QRM~l q • lJ .t1 IH3 1'5.!632 21').~~tb 26.&0!'10 3?.3H'4 38,03b8 43.75~2 U/K DJST NQP~Al •.ll700 ,OUb7 .563~ 1,0800 1.~9~7 ?..tlJl 2,6300 U/TH OIST a.tQRM Al -.(l,f,7t- ,8302 1,721:'1 2,h2b0 3,'5?.36 ll,42!7 c;,Jl~b T'-4/1( DIST L'lG • 1'9c;2 .?457 ,JOQJ .3~94 .tJ9fl2 ,b170 ,77b~ ••~•••••••••••••••••••••••••••-•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••P••••••••••••••• R'JCI< UNIT SF "' •J •2 •t 0 + 1 +2 ·~ l((l(l DTST LnG tQ.';31-.Q 27.n3Ao 37,ll20Q '51.713Q& 7t .,.,7c;7 Q9,t975 137,?.A71 RT2lll DJST Lnr. 1?..757& t9.~4l18 JO.IH1ql 4~.''177 7 IJ • f>Q ?9 tlb.t868 tan.7]1& n.20A DTST L'1G ~.73A3- tt.a3A2 14.~7?..~ 19.1)9132 2';,6535 33,57'lb 4"§.q5a7 U/IC. DIST LnG .?tU7 .Jll'l7 .5b9U ,9273 t • r; 1 n1 ?.4~91 4,1)046 U/TH r:·JST LOG .'i3,_9 .~q'a t,IJA13 ?.,tJ5bO· !J.I')7lq 6,7512 lt,tqJl TH/K QJST ~OR MAL • , 1 ?o • .?OLIQ ,2971 .38'14 .4816 ,'5739 ,&':>1,1 Rt')CI( UNTT 0"4 •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +?. ·~ Kqo OTST LOG 27.t667 36.39!.3 48,74~0 615,3005 87.47.35 117.17~3 t56,CJ624 61214 DlST LnG 15.90~5 23.73h5 35,1J298 52,A8l4 78.9352 tt7,A207 17S,~h23 TL208 DIST 'Jl)RMAL a.n855 10.290j 16,4952 2?.,7000 2e.9oae 35 .t 097 tat,31t15 U:/K DJST 'JQRHAL •.0947 .2346 .5640 ,e9JJ 1.?.227 1,55~0 t,8At4 U/TH DTST LI1G .A2~~ 1.1900 1,7091 2,451J6 3,52'53 5,0630 7,2716 TH/K DIST L'JG .t5tJO • 1994 ,2'51-\1 ,3.340 ,t1324 ,'55Q7 ,72tltl ------······------·-···-··········ROC I< UNT.T OE •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +2 +3 1(40 DTST LnG 23.5599 3?..1&0b '' 15. 55 45 63,3tJt16 88.0823 \22.481'\7 170.31.?.5 Bt2t4 OIST ~ORI-1Al .7tJ74 19,5&t19 JP..38?5 57,2000 76,0175 91J,A35t 113,6526 TL208 DIST LOG 7.70~8 10.7905 t5.UtJO 2t.t699 29.h522 41.53'32 s~.t1a1 U/K OTST Lr1G .25"5 .lA26 .c;f,Rij ,BIJLih t.25tJ9 t.~&t15 2,7702 U.ITH DlST Lt:'G .72.,3 1.,983 1. h5~tl 2.50t11 '3.7~11 5,70Q3 8,6210 I 10 T~~ II< ot~T LnG .15£.!9 .·21)00 • ?.r..;~q ,3331 .·a:soo ,5550 ,7lh3 ~ - I ···------·------·------···-······Rt'lC'< 111\J IT PC II _, •2 •1 0 +1 +?. +'3 1<40 DTST 'JORMAL -1~.48~2 64.51'52 !q7,5t76 230.'5200 31~.'5224 39,,5ZUA U79,5272 RI21lJ DTST lfJG '55.92:5~ 7t.'i7'l& 91,61~2 t17,2flh6 151'1.0952 192d 1'"1 2~5.~(H>l TL20A. DIST t.JOQMAL lJ ~ IJ 0 A 'j 1A.'ll?4 31,7"3~2 t15,tJOOO 5Q.0638 72.7276 8,,3Qt5 UII( OTST '- rJG .15i,b .2537 .otto ,hb57 1.07A4 t.7~h7 2,,2Q4 U/TH OlST L'1G t • ,17 n r) 1 • !J ·7 t A 2."11.~ 2.75tJO 3.7&7?. 5,15~1 7,1'tiAQ TH/1( ;)JST LnG .(l~A2 .13~6 .t7'l0 .?.417 .32~i.l ,4"08 ,'595' ·------·-·-·-----·-ft·------Rr)(l( UNIT Pr:R -·3 •2 •t 0 + 1 +?. +3 I(!J!" OTST L'lG 111.7618 tt~.Q63Q 126.~301 t3u.7'l'n \1.13.47&3 1.52,72?1 16?,5&l7 BI21lJ DtST LrlG 2'5 • .'l7.i'Q .S5.>l7SO 4Q.73R2 &H.Qb?' Q15_~1~., 1.3?..57'?. tAl.8t~& TL20A DTST 'IOR~AL ?. fJ • 7 'j ;? rl .V.tY'i? S<~.t:;Pn 4fi.QOOO SU.?.R?LI &1,h6LJ8 6 q. 0 ,, 7?. IJI"< OTST \10~4:\L .'l~.1.'J .~01)1 ·'&~8 ,'5375 .70f,2 ,A7aq 1,0'11& UIT;~ l)tST LnG .5C,7Q • 77 'q t.'l736 t.aaq2 ?.1'1&58 Z.A6'57 ,,Q7S:\ T~/'< orsr NO~~AL • 1 91 3 .~43/J ,?<154 ,'\LJ"fS .3QQ5 ,lJ516 ,5037 Rnc~< UN!T PCI-4 •J 0 •2 •1 +1 ·~ +3 K40 DJST ~ORMAL 38.~317 . 1q.,~tH5 120.2552 161.1'l670 ?.Ot.A788 ?.U2,6q~r; 283,!;02] 8!214 DtST t-IOqM A L 33.0703 5h • .?~02 1q.4qot 102.7000 12s.qoqq ,.u«J,ttqe 172.32q7 TL208 DIST NOqMAL 1n.~ot'• 2t.7onq 32.b005 43.sono 54.39qs b5,?.qql 76,198& U/K OIST t.JQqHAL -.~3ll.l .0081 .·:suq7 .6912 1.0327 1,3742 1,71'58 U/T!-4 DtST LOG .95~4 t.~92S 1.7'150 2,3824 3.2342 4,lqOQ s'. qsqq T'-4/K OJST LnG .tsars .tq1q .?.384 ,29&1 .~61q ·"570 ,5676 ······------·------····-·------·····ROCK IJNlT PCA •3 •2 •1 0 +1 +:! +'J I( lH'\ DIST ~~OqMAL 15.~67~ 5~.1114 q&.~r:;57 137,bOI'lO 178.3443 ?.1q,068b 2Sq,8]30 Bt2t4 DIST LrlG 3~.~781 4q.19?.b 6?..?.431~ 78.7564 9q.b51)4 126,1)876 t5q,5Jeu Tl2~8 DIST VlG 1?..()7!J9 if» .I, tO 4 2t.A491 2B,b8bb 31.bb36 aq,aso2 64,q251 UIK DtST LrlG .~&tJ:~ ·'573 ,IJ8?9 .&526 .~A?.t t,tq21 1.6112 U/Tii OlST LflG l.l\~1.5 1.'~571 ?..1\001 2,7454 'J.7M\4 s.t727 7,1002 I T~/t< DlST LrlG .1'\Qb~ .t3nu ,2377 .l210 ,43l3 ,5651 \0 ·'·761 ""'I ···-··------·------·--··-··-·----·------·····Rr'JCK ur~I r PCCI _, •?. •t 0 +\ +2 +J 1<411 DtST t..JOqMAL ·IH. 'q 4.2 Jt.~J72 iuq.46~b ?n7,qooo 36,.l3\4 5oU.76?8 62:5.tq42 fll2t4 DJST ~QRMAL tb.Q578 55.1,3~5 9Q,JtQ3 13J.oono 17t.68n7 210.Jnt5 ?.49,04?2 Tt2,B DtST \1 iJf~ r-1.\ I. 5.~512 21. iJJl•?. 37.At71 SU.2000 7n.S829 8b,q6~6 to~.JaAe UIK nTST LflG '.?.OLIO • ~~ 11 • V\71.1 ,53Jq .7357 \,0140 1,3974 U/T~ DtST ~'ORM Al • ') 0 t () t.tJ3Q9 1 • q7A6 2,5177 ~.n5~n l,5955 4,131.14 T~/t< OtST L'lG .nQC?2 .12A6 •· 1 b 7 2 ,?171 .?.618 ,3b5Q ,4750 ·-·------·----·--·------~------·------··Rr)CK IJN J r PCCS _, -~ •? n +1 +? +3 1<4~ !"lrST l'"H; 3?.n"q3 5q.R?.?.O toq.54?.4 ?00.5874 '567.3033 672.5633 t23t .5«n3 HI21/J nTsr L r1r. 3b.?Of)LJ 53.tS1Q 7 a.· n tt t 2 1t4.SR54 1&,.?4?.0 247.02lJ3 Jn2,nq78 T1.2,~ eT~T L'lG 2?.HHiJ7 2(,. '7oO? ::SCJ.?.442 ~t.3QtQ b1.?qAU 8~.tzcq 115,4075 IJ/K OTST LnG .tqi?2 .;J7t)J .JQ73 .5712 .6213 t,tenq t,bQ79 lJ/TH OJST NC1~"1hL .bl\JA 1.• 17~R 1 • 7 J6Q ?..3000 ;t.Ab'O ,,1.1261. J,Q8Qt TH/'< C'TST L '1r; .1')7:)1-\ • ' 1 1 n • '"/37 ,?.562 .J779 .s57a ,8221 APPENDIX C Geologic Legend - Pecos Quadrangle -95- Oao Ogt Other Quaternary deposits and Toy Limestone Other Quaternary deposits, Oao, in eastern and ·central areas, mostly boulders, cobbles, and . pebbles of Cretaceous limestone and chert, locally overlain by brown silt, probably equivalent to "OsJ" of Seymour Formation of Abilene, Big Spring, and San Angelo Sheets. In western area includes material from a greater diversity of sedimentary and igneous formations and includes alluvium, colluvium, caliche, and gypsite on surfaces dissected by modern drainage, equivalent to "Old Quaternary deposits, Oao," of Van Horn-E! Paso Sheet Toy Limestone, Ogt, fresh-water limestone near western boundary of area; may bE' older than Oao; thickness 30 feet Tahoka Formation Lacustrine clay, silt, sand, and gravel, locally calcareous, selenitic. Clay and silt. sandy. indistinctly bedded to massive, weakly coherent, various shades of light gray and bluish gray, reddish brown. Sand, fine- to coarse-grained quartz, indistinctly bedded to massive, friable, gray, grades to gravel at margins of deposits. Molluscan fossils. Thickness up to about 40 feet (Wisconsinan) > Cl,) a: c Cl,) Windblown cover sand Fine- to medium-grained quartz, silty, calcareous, caliche nodules, massive. grayish red; thickness 20 feet, feathers out locally (mostly Illinoian, may include younger deposits) Gatuna Formation Sand, marl, conglomerate, gypsum, silt, shale, and limestone. Sand, fine to coarse, yellow. yellowish to reddish orange, brown, red, pink; focally with worn Cretaceous fos~ils. Marl, gypsiferous, green, gray, pale olive, pmkish, r~d. Conglurner -96- ; EXPLANATION B Alluvium -cCll Cll Includes low terrace deposits along streams, and sandy silts on pediments locally modified (.I by sheetwash action 0 0 ::t .., c Cll (.I Cll Cl: Windblown sand Sand and silt in sheets, Os, locally includes cover sand; dunes and dune ridges, Osd; and sand sheets, dunes, and dune ridges undivided, Osu Cll ~ -c Cll Cll c Gypsite (.I Cll 0 (.I Granular gypsum. white to light gray, of several ages -0..,0 ::t lr; ._.. ·o::> ..,E: ~~ (.I c Cll ell Alluvium and other Quaternary deposits ~ Intimately associated alluvium and Oao deposits undivided, Oau, in dissected areas > 0:: Siliceous and igneous pebbles in deposits of uncertain age, Oap, in valleys of Toyah Creek Pond deposits Gastropod-bearing sandy silt and silty clay, gray to light gray, deposited in ponds and shallow swales, locally may include Tahoka deposits Pleistocene surficial deposits undivided Brown and grayish-brown silty sand and sandy silt deposited as broad, gently sloping sheets -97- EJ Boquillas Limestone Limestone, marl, and shale, flaggy, light gray, light grayish orange, dark grayish orange near base; upper and lower parts only crop out within area of Pecos Sheet Kbu Kw Kbus Kbs Kfr Kft Ka Washita and Fredericksburg Groups Buda Formation, Kbu; Boracho Formation represented by San Martine, Kbs, and Levinson, Kbl, Limestone Members; Finlay Formation, K f; Buda Formation and San Martine Member undivided, Kbus, and San Martine Member and Finlay Formation undivided, Kbsf, in collapsed areas; Washita Group, Kw; Fredericksburg Group, Kfr; Segovia (/) Formation, K s; Fort Terrett Formation, K ft; and Antlers Sand, K a :::> 0 Buda Formation, Kbu, limestone, upper 40 feet, very hard, thin to thick bedded; middle 60 ·w feet, argillaceous, thin to thick bedded; lower 40 feet, bioclastic, coquinoid; thickness u 140 feet Washita Group, Kw, lime tone and marl. Limestone, mostly in upper part, massive, fine to coarse grai11ed, crossbcddcd calcarenite locally, minnr marly limestone, white, gray, yellowish gray; forms ledges; abundant rudistids and other molluscs. Marl, in lower part (locally gypsiferous), thick, dark greenish gray, gray; weathers yellow; abundant molluscs, Gryphaea nauia at base; grades to limestone along eastern boundary of area. Thickness 230 feet Fredericksburg Group, Kfr, limestone, dolomite, chert, and minor marl. Limestone, nodular, aphanitic, marly, gray, yellow, white, pink. Dolomite, fine grained, gray. Chert, in thin layers and nodules. Marl, locally gypsiferous, gray, yellowish gray. Abundant Exogyra texana, some beds made almost entirely of Gryphaea sp. Thickness 135 feet Fort Terrett Formation, Kft, limestone and dolomite. In upper part-cherty limestone and · dolomite; limestone in part porcellaneous, aphanitic, in part miliolid-, shell fragment-, and rudistid-bearing, light to dark gray; dolomite, medium brownish gray. In lower part-limestone, argillaceous, thin shale interbeds, nodular and irregularly bedded to thick bedded, light gray, grayish yellow, yellowish brown: marine megafossils. Thickness 120 feet Antler& Sand, Ka, &andst.onP., fine to coarse grained, white, gray, tan, purple, soft, friable, commonly crossbedded, upper part calcareous, silty; thickness 90 feet -98- (.) ~ (I) (f.) Dockum Group undivided c::x: Shale, siltstone, sandstone, and gravel; mostly shale and siltstone, micaceous, thin bedded to massive, red, reddish brown, dark yellow-orange; sandstone, fine to coarse, red, brown, a: gray; gravel, various colored chert pebbles; thickness 275 feet 1- G Dewey Lake Redbeds Siltstone, sandstone, and clay; siltstone and fine-grained quartz sandstone, reddish onmg~, reddish brown, brownish yellow; clay, silty, red, grayish green, gypsiferous, numerous thin beds; e)!:posed thickness 40 to 50 feet z ce c::x: 0 ..c ~ C) a: 0 UJ a.. 8 Rustler Formation Limestone, siltstone, sandstone, gypsum, marl, and clay. UppP.r part-limestone and dolomitic limestone; thickness 50+ feet. Middle part-siltstone and sandstone, Y"'llowish gray; thickness 50 to 70 feet. Lower part-siltstone and fine-grained sandstone, thin to medium bedded, red, interbeds of earthy to sparry red gypsum, a few beds of red and greenish-gray marl and clay. Thickness 50+ feet VIRGIL E. BARNES. PROJECT DIRECTOR Geologic mapping mostly by G. K. Eifler, Jr., Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, with contributions gratefully acknowledged from Shell Develop· ment Company. Cities Service Petroleum Company, and sources shown on Index of Geologic Mapping. Geology compiled on high-altitude aerial photographs by G. K. Eifler, Jr. Map scribed by J. W. Macon. Geologic mapping reviewed by J. B. Brown, West Texas Geological Society, Geologic Atlas Committee. -99- APPENDIX D Statistical Tables - Pecos Quadrangle -100- R'1C'< 1J ~~ TT I( A _, •?. •1 0 +t +?. +3 K IJ I) r:>TST !\IQQ"1hl -;q. ')f!.6'1 1,.'J221 2ft~~tto 52,2000 11.r;aqo 102,9779 12A,3b~9 RI211J f)TST ~H1PI-1 A l •h. H.D.o t5.~ ··,·------·------·-·---~------~---··------·------·-·Rnr~< IINtT KArl •3 •?. •t 0 +1 +i? +l I( Lit) DIST L'1G lJ~.331b 67,iJ52(l qta,t3b7 t3t,37A2 tAJ,:\5?.7 255,A889 357.1211 RI2~LI DTST LnG 66.flcnA 77.7~31 91,5341 107.71&2 t2h,7591 tta9,tbA5 175.53()& Tl_21)8 orsr Lflr, 23.7373 30.7/Jqq JC).~33l) '51,'5999 bb, fUp8 8&,'58Ab t12.tb71.1 IJ/1( DTST L'lr, ·"17q ,1J3&0 • r;<)1'1 • fq qq 1,t2LI3 1 • 5lH 8 ~.111.13 U/TH DJST ~JO~I-I&L • ,., ·777 t.1b67 1,6556 2,11.11.1& ,,,335 J,t225 3,&111.1 I THI/1( orsr Lnr. .?516 .?.91'1 ,3386 ,:Jq?e ,IJ5':;b .52~5 • b 1_ 31 '"""0 '"""I ·------·----··------·-----·--·-····--·--·------····Rr'JCI( UNTT K~IJ -3 •? -t 0 +t +? +] 1(40 Ql.ST Lnr. ''·7:,c;IJ 2,.q,Q,? 'H ~li5Rn 72.~3Q7 i2t;,5'5t;b 2t£'.?.3~2 179,]303 Rl211J OTST L '.1 r; 3?..79~0· qiJ.52'1 6(l.IJLI33 e2.or;9q ltt. 1J075 \51,251'9 20'5.3U37 Tl201:\ OJST Lnr. t~L.,9\t t~.q·;ot ~b.?.U~~ 3h,~57l 5".J592 bQ~7'5'9 9b,b179 U/1( !)T ST LnG_ ·'-1'lJ • IJ 'J :') '5 ,707Q 1.13&0 t. A2tAJ 2.q2Qb IJ,71)Qb U/TH DIST ~m~~ h L • 'i 1 r; 1 t.t~l'\1) 1.7268 2~,.\~6 2.'13~5 "• 5 LI.Q 3 a.1502 TH /I< DTST Lnr. .1'11h • ~ ~ /J :~ ·'bQ8 .5033 .~QUS .Q5~3 \,32?2 ··----···------~--"··--~----·------·------·-·RflCK I)'IJ IT KHUS _, •2 •t 0 +t. +? +] I([JI\ DJST ~II) PI~ A I_ •??..A7!<.0 tli.•H~O 53,70t:JO Q?.nooo t3n.29to t&e.·H~2<' ~o~.tn"o ~t2ta DTST ~roPt1hL 2" • .'.7155 47.':;170 7LI.75~'i 1·'l?..nt)t)l) t?.'-),?CJ15 ts~.a83o un.7?.1J5 TI_ 2 11 A OTST Lf)G !S.?~Sf3 21.\,23 2~.02J7 .H.ti?72 aQ.t~~o 6';,16hQ e,,33ba lJ/1( OTST Lflf; • '\ \ O'~ • ,., A T -~ ,750/J t • p)-;b 1.77~6 2.7QOb LI,220LI lJ/TH !)T~T 1_nr; ,t:lb(\b 1. ~rn 2. 1.~AQ~ ?.~QQ9 L 11 bb 5,2t?.5 7,Jtn6 Tf~/1< DTST \IQP111\L . '' v~ .;>,A?. ·'~?b ,aiJ70 .'i~11.1 .b5"8 .7602 R"CI( 1.1rH ·r K!:i1 .. ~ .. ;> -t 0 + 1 +? +3 K IJ n. DTST L~"~r. 23.,~~0 3~.1S~5 tH,h167 f,A,,AQ5 q A, 2 2 II S HU. n7~0 20?.&1~1 8 T2 1 1J 0 TS T ~~ 0 11 •n I_ Q.:ntA 3?.. ·1t a 6 l)t.J,1573 7b.JOOO 9P,,IJIJ~'1 120,58'5/J \42,72R2 Tl20A DJsr L'1G 11.7')10 lb.~2lJIJ ?..',,776 31,50J9 IJ,,7f)50 &0,79A2 AIJ,LI&05 U/1< rJT ST Lnr. • \ TtJ2 .~305 ,7521 1,0h6?. t.5tt5 2,,429 3,037() U/TH I.JT ~T LnG .~Of)2 1 • ~bQ5 1,7\02 ?.,3\IJ& 3,\?.53 4,22"0 5,6981 TH/1< DTST LnG . ,sen • ' l'J 0 ,3803 ,IJ&n& .5579 ,67'57 ·"1A3 ------~-----·------·------·------·P r) CI( iJ N I r KFR _, •2 -,_ 0 + 1 +2 +3 KQfl OlST i>JOIH1hl •11.2qA() q,~f,AO Jt .rnao 52.2000 73.3&~0 94.'53~0 1 p;,&9,0. Bli?11J OTST ~ORM~L -.7551 2 2. 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OTST L '.IG 9.~q77 1'.0'182 17.6Qtn 2J,8qtJ3 3?.,?.7?.7 113,58QO 58,l'733 U/K OTST LI1G .??57 .35~1) ,'1b7R ,«J005 1.U2R3 ?.,?.br;? J,5q27 U/T~ [J J S T LfJG .~8~'~6 \ • ~ IJ 7 ~ 1.'5qac; ?..U265 3.6fJ2b 5.1:-1Q2 A.'5512 TIH/K r:T~T L r•r, .tf~C? • ? 1 t 2 ,?7~3 ,3b68 .ue'a .~371 .A31lb APPENDIX E Tape Formats -108- RAW SPECTRAL DATA TAPE REFERENCE: PARAGRAPHS 4.7.1 AND 6.1.5, PMD 1200-B The RAW SPECTRAL DATA TAPE is unlabeled nine track, 800 BPI, NRZI. All data are recorded as EBCDIC characters. Each tape contains but one file of header, data, and trailer records for no more than one NTMS quadrangle. The maximum record length is 5472 characters. The tape is organized such that each flight line of data is preceded by a header r_ecord and followed by trailer record. If a flight line is not complete on a given physical tape, no trailer record follows its last data record on the first tape, nor does a header record precede its first data record on the second tape. Header Record The header record is 144 characters long with seven defined data fileds. These fields are: 1. Type of tape. A 32-character field with the text "RAW SPECTRAL DATA" left justified. 2. Project identification. A 32-character field with, for example, the text "NTMS NJ 14-6 HUTCHINSON, KANSAS" left justified. With the exception of special projects, such as the Walker Field Test Pads and Lake Mead Dynamic Test Range, all project identification fields begin with "NTMS" followed by the sheet number. Additional information may be abbreviated. 3. Subcontractor name. A 10-character field with the text "GEOMETRICS". 4. System Identification. A 6-character field with the aircraft registration number right justified. 5. Flight line number. A 6-character field with the flight line number right justified. 6. Date flown. A 6-character field with the date, expressed as YYJJJ, right justified. YY are the last two digits of the calendar year and JJJ is the Julian date. 7. Sample period. A 6-character field describing the spectrometer accumulation time. Examples are: 1.0 SEC, 0.5 SEC, etc. -109- RAW SPECTRAL DATA TAPE The rema1n1ng 46 characters of the header record are blank filled. A length of 144 characters was chosen to allow for future expansion and because 144 is divisible by the number of characters per word of many popular computers. Data Record Each data record may contain up to four data scans (logical records), with each scan 1368 characters long. Therefore, the minimum physical length of a data record is 1368 characters and the maximum physical length is 5472 characters. The data scan has fifteen defined data fileds. Field Fortran Format Characters 1. Record identification number Fl0.2 1-10 2. Latitude in degrees Fl0.4 11-20 3. Longitude in degrees Fl0.4 21-30 4. Time of day (HHMMSS) 312 31-36 5. Total magnetic field in gammas F 9.2 37-45 6. Terrain clearance in feet F 5.0 46-50 7. Barometric pressure in inches mercury F 5.2 51-55 8. Outside temperature in degrees C F 5.1 56-60 9. Quality flag code (altitude) I4 60-64 10. Raw count data - 4n detector 255I3 65-829 11. Live time - 4n detector - in seconds FlO.S 830-839 12. Raw count data - 2n detector 2SSI2 840-1349 13. Live time 2n detector - in s~conds FlO.S 1350-1359 14. Cosmic - 4n detector IS 1360-1364 15. Cosmic - 2n detector I4 1365-1368 If a scan is not within the recovered flight path locations, the latitude and longitude, data fields 2 and 3, are set to 0.0000. The quality flag code, data field 9, is made equal to 0000 if tne radar altimeter is within specifications and equal to 1000 if the radar altimeter is not within specifications. The raw count data, fields 10 and 12, are presented for channels 0 through 254, corresponding to ener~ies from 0 to 3 MeV for both the downward looking (4n) and upward looking (2n) detector arrays. The accumulation periods for the 4n and 2n detectors are identical, so each scan has data for both detectors. The counts in each channel are as observed, with no corrections for ADC dead time -110- RAW SPECTRAL DATA TAPE nor conversion to counts per second. Energy per channel is 11.82 KeV. Since the spectrometer does not respond to energies below 200 KeV, the counts in channels 0 through 17 will always be zero. The live times, data field 11 and 13, are calculated by subtracting the product of the gross counts (0 to 6 MeV) and ADC dead time (8~ sec) from the actual accumulation period for the data scan. This procedure is valid because the successive approximation ADC used has a fixed conversion time of 8~ sec regard less of pulse amplitude. The cosmic counts, data fields 14 and 15, are as observed, with no corrections for ADC dead time nor conversion to counts per second. The data scan logical record length of 1368 characters was chosen to allow recording of all spectrometer channels for both 4n and 2n detectors with little chance of individual channel overflow given accumulation times of approximately one second. If overflow does occur, the overflow value is represented modulo 1000 (4n detector) or modulo 100 (2n detector) with leading zeroes not suppressed. The specific value of 1368 characters was chosen because it is divisible by the number of characters per word of many popular computers. Trailer Record Trailer record follows the last data record for each flight line. This record is always 5472 characters long, all of which are the digit nine. -111- SINGLE RECORD REDUCED DATA TAPE REFERENCE: PARAGRAPHS 4.7.2 AND 6.1.5, PMD 1200-B The SINGLE RECORD REDUCED DATA TAPE is unlabeled nine track, 800 BPI, NRZI. All data are recorded as EBCDIC characters. Each tape contains but one file of header, data, and trailer records for no more than one NTMS quadrangle. The maximum record length is 5472 characters. The tape is organized such that each flight line of data is preceded by a header record and followed by a trailer record. If a flight line is not complete on a given physical tape, no trailer record follows its last data record on the first tape, nor does a header record precede its first data record on the second tape. Header Record The header record is 144 characters long with six defined data fields. These fields are: 1. Type of tape. A 32-character field with the text "SINGLE RECORD REDUCED DATA" left justified. 2, Proiect identification. A 32-character field with, for example, the text "NTMS NJ 14-6 HUTCHINSON, KANSAS" left justified. With the exception of special projects, such as the Lake Mead Dynamic Test Range, all project identification fields begin with "NTMS" followed by the sheet number. Additional information may be abbreviated. 3. Subcontractor name. A 10-character field Wl. th the text "Gl:::Ur>1J::"JI 4. System Identification. A 6-character field with the aircraft registration number right justified. 5. Flight line number. A 6-character field with the flight line number right justified. 6. Date flown. A 6-character field with the date, expressed as YYJJJ, right justified. YY are the last two digits of the calendar year and JJJ is the Julian date. When reflights require the insertion of data from multiple days' flying, the date used is that of the original flight. The remaining 52 characters of the header record are blank filled. A length of 144 characters was chosen to allow for future expansion and because 144 is divisible by the number of characters per word of many popular computers. -112- SINGLE RECORD REDUCED DATA TAPE Data Record Each data record may contain up to 38 data scans (logical records), with each scan 144 characters long. Therefore, the minimum physical length of a data record is 144 characters and the maximum physical length is 5472 characters. The data scan has eighteen defined data fields. Field Fortran Format Characters 1. Record identification number Fl0.2 1-10 2. Latitude in degrees Fl0.4 11-20 3. Longitude in degrees Fl0.4 21-30 4. Residual magnetic field in gammas F15.2 31-45 5. Terrain clearance in feet F 5.0 46-50 6. Surface geologic map unit AlO 51-60 7. Quality flag code (AKUT) A 4 61-64 8. Cosmic count rate, in cps F 8.1 65-72 9. Atmospheric Bi-214 count rate, in cps F 8.1 73-80 10. Gross count rate (0.4-3.0 MeV), in cps F 9.1 81-89 11. Thorium (Tl-208) count rate, in cps F 9.1 90-98 12. Uranium (Bi-214) count rate, in cps F 9.1 99-107 13. Potassium (K-40) count rate, in cps F 9.1 108-116 14. Uranium/Thorium count rate ratio F 6.3 117-122 15. Uranium/Potassium count rate ratio F 6.3 123.:.128 16. Thorium/Potassium count rate ratio F 6.3 129-134 17. Outside air temperature, in degrees C F 5.1 135-139 18. Barometric pressure, in inches of mercury F 5.2 140-144 Trailer Record A trailer record follows the last data record for each flight line. This record is. always 5472 characters long, all of which are the digit nine. -113- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TAPE REFERENCE: PARAGRAPHS 4.7.3 AND 6.1.5, PMD 1200-B ~ The STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TAPE is unlabeled nine track, 800 BPI, NRZI. All data are recorded as EBCDIC characters. The maximum record length is 5472 characters. Each tape contains but one file of data for no more thaD one NTMS Quadrangle. For each NTMS Quadrangle, the first record(s) on the tape contain summary information for all the geologic map units within the quadrangle. This summary information is followed by averaged record data for each survey flight line. The tape is organized such that the summary geologic information and each flight line of data are preceded by a header record and followed by a trailer record. If a flight line is not complete on a given physical tape, no trailer record follows its last data record on the first tape, nor does a header record precede its first data record on the second tape. Header Record The header record is 144 characters long with four defined fields for the summary geologic information and six defined fields for the averaged record data. The fields in common are: 1. Type" of tape. A 32-character field with the text "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS" left justified. 2. Project Identification. A 32-character field with, for example, the text "NTMS NJ 14-16 HUTCHINSON, KANSAS" left justified. All project identification fields begin with "NTMS" followed by the sheet number. Additional information may be abbreviated. 3. Subcontractor name. A 10-character field with the text "GEOr.fETRICS". 4. System Identification. A 6-character field with the aircraft registration number right justified. The additional fields for the averaged record data are: 5. Flight line number. A 6-character field with the flight line number right justified. 6. Date flown. A 6-character field with the date, expressed as YYJJJ, right justified. YY are the last two digits of the calendar year and JJJ is the -ll4- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TAPE julian date. When reflights require the insertion of data from multiple days' flying, the date used is that of the original flight. Undefined fields of the header record are blank filled. A length of 144 characters was chosen to allow for future expansion and because 144 is divisible by the number of characters per word of many popular computers. Trailer Record A trailer record follows the last data record for the summary geologic informa.tion and the averaged record data for each flight line. This record is always 547~ characters long, all of which are the digit nine. Summary Geologic Information Record Each summary geologic Information Record may contain up to 38 geologic map units (logical records), with each logical record 144 characters long. Therefore, the minimum physical length of the summary geologic information record is 144 characters and the maximum physical length is 5472 characters. The summary geologic information logical record has nineteen defined data fields. Field Fortran Format Characters 1. Geologic map unit Al0,2X 1-12 2. Potassium Distribution Type A2 13-14 3. Potassium measure of central tendency · Fl0.4 15-24 4. Potassium standard deviation F10.4 25-34 5. Uranium distribution type A2 35-36 6. Uranium measure of central tendency Fl0.4 37-46 7. Uranium standard deviation Fl0.4 47-56 8. Thorium distribution type A2 57-58 9. Thorium measure of central tendency Fl0.4 59-68 10. .Thorium standard deviation Fl0.4 69-78 11. Uranium/Thorium distribution type A2 79-80 12. Uranium/Thorium measure of central tendency Fl0.4 81-90 13. Uranium/Thorium standard deviation Fl0.4 91-100 14. Uranium/Potassium distribution type A2 101-102 15. Uranium/Potassium measure of central tendency Fl0.4 103-112 16. Uranium/Potassium standard deviation Fl0.4 113-122 17. Thorium/Potassium distribution type A2 123-124 18. Thorium/Potassium measure of central tendency Fl0.4 125-134 19. Thorium/Potassium standard deviation F10.4 135-144 -115- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TAPE The distribution type field is coded NM for normal distributions and LN for log normal distributions. The measure of central tendency (mean/median) and standard deviation are in units appropriate to the distribution. Data Record Each record of averaged record data may contain up to 38 data scans (logical records), with each scan 144 characters long. Therefore, the minimum physical length of a data record is 144 characters and the maximum physical length is 54 72 characters. The data scan has twenty defined data fields. Field Fortran Format Characters 1. Record identification number Fl0.2 1-10 2. Latitude in degrees Fl0.4 11-20 3. Longitude in degrees Fl0.4 21-30 4. Residual magnetic field in gammas Fl5.2 31-45 5. Surface geologic map unit SX,AlO 46-60 6. Quality flag code (AKUT) A4 61-64 7. Gross count rate (0.4-3.0 MeV), in CPS F7.1 65-71 8. Atmospheric Bi-214 count rate, in CPS F7.1 72-78 9. Thorium (Tl-208) count rate, in CPS F7.1 79-85 10. Uranium (Bi-214) count rate, in CPS F7.1 86-92 11. Potassium (K-40) count rate, in CPS F7.1 93-99 12. Thorium standard deviations from the mean F4.1 100-103 13. Uranium standard deviations from the mean F4.1 104-107 14. Potassium standard deviations from the mean F4.1 108-111 15. a. Uranium/Thorium count rate ratio F7.3 112-118 b. Uranium/Thor~um standard deviations from the mean F4. 1 119-122 16. a. Uranium/Potassium count rate ratio F7.3· 123-129 b. Uranium/Potassium standard deviations from the mean F4.1 130-133 17. a. Thorium/Potassium count rate ratio F7.3 134-140 b. Thorium/Potassium standard deviations from the mean F4.1 141..:144 -116- MAGNETIC DATA TAPE REFERENCE: PARAGRAPHS 4.7.4 and 6.1.5, PMD 1200-B The MAGNETIC DATA TAPE is unlabeled nine track, 800 BPI, NRZI. All data are recorded as EBCDIC characters. Each tape contains but one file of header, data, and trailer records for no more than one NTMS quadrangle. The maximum record length is 4800 characters. The tape is organized such that each flight line of data is preceded by a header record and followed by a trailer record. If a flight line is not complete on a given physical tape, no trailer record follows its last data record on the first tape, nor does a header record precede its first data record on the second tape. Header Record The header record is 120 characters long with six defined data fields. These fields are: 1. Type of tape. A 32-character field with the text "MAGNETIC DATA" left justified. • 2. Project identification. A 32-character field with, for example, the text "NTMS NJ 14-6 HUTCHINSON, KANSAS" left justified. All project identification fields begin with "NTMS" followed by the sheet number. Additional information may be abbreviated. 3. Subcontractor name. A 10-character field with the text "GEOMETRICS". 4. System identification. A 6-character field with the aircraft registration, number right justified. - 5. Flight line number. A 6-character field with the flight line number right justified. 6. Date flown. A 9-character field with the date, expressed as YYJJJ, right justified. YY are the last two digits of the calendar year and JJJ is the Julian date. When reflights require the insertion of data from multiple days' flying, the date used is that of the original flight. The remaining 28 characters of the header record are blank filled. A length of 120 chajac.ters was chosen to allow for future expansion and because 120 is divisible by the number of characters per word of many popular computers. -117- MAGNETIC DATA TAPE Data Record Each data record may contain up to 40 data scans (logical records), with each scan 120 characters long. Therefore, the minimum physical length of a data record is 120 characters and the maximum physical length is 4800 characters. The data scan has eleven defined data· fields. Field Fortran Format Characters 1. Record identification number Fl0.2 1-10 2. Latitude in degrees Fl0.4 ll-20 3. Longitude in degrees Fl0.4 21-30 4. Time of day (hour, minutes, seconds) 312 31-36 5. Terrain clearance in feet F9.0 37-45 6. a·arometric pressure in inches of mercury F5.2 46-50 7. Surface geologic map unit AlO 51-60 8. Total magnetic field in gammas FlO. 2 61-70 9. Residual magnetic field in gammas Fl0.2 71-80 10. Optional data 30X 81-110 11. Base station magnetic field in gammas Fl0.2 lll-120 Trailer Record A trailer record follows the last data record for each flight line. This record is always 4800 chara~ters long, all of which are the digit nine. • -118- ....~ ro U)~ (.I., I ~ 0\ >< 0 P-i ...... •l"'i P-i 0 ~ I z (.) LLl ::s Co "0 Co 0.... < Q. ~ P-i •l"'i ro 0 DAILY PRODUCTION SUMMARY DATE REMARKS 1/15/77 Ferry to Midland, Texas. 1/16/77 Weather, slieht rain :mil pnnr visibility, low clouds. 1/17/77 738 line miles (Begin Project) 1/18/77 672 line miles 1/19/77 664 line mile\ 1/20/77 730 line miles 1/21/77 646 line miles 1/22/77 Weather, low clouds, poor visibility. 1/23/77 Weather, low clouds, poor visibility. 1/24/77 574 line miles 1/25/77 797 iine miles 1/26/77 436 line miles 1/27/77 552 line miles 1/28/77 Weather, low clouds, poor visibility. 1/29/77 804 line miles (Project completed) -120-