DRAFT

EMT 3602/6602 Christianity and Social Justice Thursday 11:10 AM – 1:00 PM, Fall 2017 Emmanuel College, Room 302

Michael Bourgeois Emmanuel College, Room 111 [email protected] 416.585.4534

Course Description Examination of the historical and ecumenical theological origins and contemporary expressions of Christian engagement with social justice. Topics addressed will include: the eighteenth and nineteenth century economic, political, philosophical, and religious background in Europe and North America; the Social Gospel and Christian Socialism in Protestantism and papal social teachings in Roman Catholicism; black and feminist and global liberation theologies; and justice-related issues such as wealth and poverty, war and peace, race, gender, sexual orientation, and ecology. Sources examined will include the works of theologians and reports by denominational and ecumenical bodies. Lectures, class discussions, and assignments will consider questions such as: • With what social justice issue(s) is the author concerned? Why is the author concerned with this issue or these issues, and how does she or he describe the fundamental problem(s)? Does the author focus on one issue, or relate two or more issues (e.g., gender and racial justice, or economic and environmental justice) to each other? • What fields or disciplines of social theory does the author use to describe and analyze the social justice issue with which she or he is concerned? • How does the author appeal to the Bible in her or his understanding of the relationship between and social justice? On what particular texts, books, stories, or themes does the author draw? • How does the author understand the relationship between social justice and biblical interpretation? Does the author think that the Bible straightforwardly supports various forms of social justice, or does the author think that traditional biblical interpretations must be reconsidered in order to achieve the social justice she or he envisions? • With what theological doctrines or issues is the author concerned? For example, how does the author understand the relationship between social justice and creation, Jesus Christ, salvation, discipleship, the mission and work of the church, and eschatology? • How does the author understand the relationship between social justice and theology? Does the author think that contemporary theological expressions are basically adequate for the purpose of working towards justice? Or, to what extent, lesser or greater, does the author think that theological doctrines and concepts must be revised or reconstructed in order to achieve social justice? • How does the author understand her or his own approach to theological method, and on what sources, criteria, or other grounds does the author rely for that method? Outcomes and Methods

The outcomes of the Emmanuel College and Toronto School of Theology basic degree programs to which this course primarily relates are:

Christian Faith and Heritage: • Demonstrate knowledge of the Christian heritage, and articulate clearly their own theological positions. • Interpret scripture and Christian texts using a variety of methods, sources, and norms. • Identify and respect the diversity of theological viewpoints and practices within the Christian tradition. Culture and Context: • Demonstrate critical understanding for ordered and lay ministries of the relationship between faith practices and cultural contexts. • Employ diverse methods of contextual analysis. • Give evidence of critical self-awareness with regard to their own and other faith perspectives and practices.

The outcomes of the Toronto School of Theology advanced degree programs to which this course primarily relates are:

Knowledge of the area of concentration, specifically: 1.1 basic familiarity with their area of concentration, as outlined in the departmental description of the field and as understood in scholarly discussion at the forefront of study in the area 1.2 competence in a significant proportion (as determined by the department) of the subjects within their area of concentration

Ability with scholarly tools and skills, especially proficiency with the following skills: 2.3 proficiency in the use of a library and the construction of a bibliography 2.4 competence or proficiency in the use of pertinent electronic and web-based resources 2.5 proficiency in the following skills: • clear and effective communication in both oral and written forms; • the construction of a logical argument; • the making of informed judgments on complex issues; and • the use of standard conventions of style for scholarly writing.

Student Learning Outcomes Means of Assessment

2 Accessibility and Learning Accommodations Students with diverse learning styles and abilities are welcome in this course. If you require accessibility accommodations to facilitate your learning, please contact University of Toronto Accessibility Services as soon as possible. It takes time to put accessibility accommodations in place. The sooner you meet with a counsellor at Accessibility Services, the sooner the counsellor can assist you in achieving your learning goals in this course. Please contact Accessibility Services by e-mail or by visiting its office on the University of Toronto St. George Campus:

455 Spadina Avenue, 4PthP Floor, Suite 400 Toronto, ON M5S 2G8 (just north of College St.) Voice: (416) 978-8060 Fax: (416) 978-5729 E-Mail: [email protected]

For more information, see the Accessibility Services web site at http://www.accessibility.utoronto.ca

Academic Policies and Procedures Observe all academic policies and regulations of your college of registration, the Toronto School of Theology, and the University of Toronto (e.g., academic honesty, use of inclusive language, requests for extensions). It is your responsibility to know, understand, and follow these policies and regulations. See especially:

TST Graduate Centre for Theological Studies Graduate Conjoint Degree Handbook http://www.tst.edu/sites/default/files/Conjoint_Degree_Handbook_2016-2017_0.pdf University of Toronto Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters http://www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies/behaveac.htm

Laptops, Tablets, and Cell Phones in Class You may use a laptop or tablet in class to access course readings or conduct other course-related activities. As a courtesy to the others in the class, please make sure keep cell phones and other electronic devices out of view with the sound turned off.

Email Contact with Instructor I welcome contact by email, but please keep your messages brief and send them only from your @mail.utoronto.ca account. For more complicated issues, please call or email me to make an appointment. I try to respond to emails requiring a brief response within 24 hours, but not during evenings or weekends.

Class Cancellations The University of Toronto rarely closes the St. George campus because of winter storms. You can check the campus status at http://www.utoronto.ca/campus-status or by calling 416.978.SNOW (7669). If the instructor falls ill, I will to notify you in advance of class by email as soon as possible. If a class is cancelled because of campus closure or instructor illness, we will make every effort to find a way to cover the material and presentations from a missed class.

3 Requirements and Assignments for Basic Degree Students

1) Regular attendance, required reading (as listed in the Course Schedule below), and informed participation in class discussions, worth 10% of overall course grade. Required reading is found in: • Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity (Ottawa: Novalis, 2004), available from Crux Books; and • a course reader available at the Victoria University Print Shop. Resources identified as “Recommended Reading” (also listed in the Course Schedule below) are available in the TST and/or University of Toronto libraries and elsewhere. Class attendance and participation are important parts of the learning process; you may not receive credit for this course if you are absent from more than three classes.

2) In 4-6 typed and double-spaced pages, answer the following five questions; due in class on Thursday, 30 September and worth 20% of the overall course grade. No reading or research is required, but you may refer to (and appropriately cite) any books or essays that have influenced your thinking on Christianity and social justice. • In what social justice issues are you primarily interested in, and why? • In what theological doctrines or issues are you primarily interested in, and why? • What has influenced your understanding of Christianity and social justice (e.g., how you were raised or what you learned in church or school; books or films, whether fiction or non-fiction, religious or secular; local, national, or international events; personal experience; or other factors)? • To what extent are you questioning your understanding of the relationship between Christianity and social justice, and what are your questions? • How would you explain the relationship between Christianity and social justice to a Christian who does not think they are related? Evaluation Criteria: thorough response to and reflection on the questions (85%); consis- tency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%).

3) Midterm paper on either option a. or b. below, 10-12 pages, due in class on Thursday, 2 November, worth 30% of final course grade. a. A critical review of one book on Christianity and social justice, chosen in consultation with the instructor. See “The Book Review or Article Critique” at www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/book-review for more information. You may use the research for this review in your final paper. Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the book and how your interest shapes your approach to it (10%); accurate and fair description of the author’s positions and the issues at stake in those positions (25%); fair evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the author’s positions and clear, well-warranted rationale for that evaluation (25%); appropriate research, using required and recommended course readings and other relevant sources, and fair and accurate description and evaluation of those sources (25%); consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%).

4 b. A thesis statement or question, related to one of the main course topics (see Course Schedule below) and in connection with something you discussed in your first assignment, with an annotated bibliography of 10-12 essays, journal articles, or book chapters that will help you demonstrate that thesis or answer that question. For more information, see “Writing an Annotated Bibliography” at www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/annotated- bibliography. You may use the thesis statement or question and the annotated bibliography in your final paper. Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the thesis or question and how your interest shapes your approach to it (10%); clarity of thesis statement or question (25%); adequacy of selected essays to the thesis statement or question (25%); accurate and fair description of the content of the essays and summary of its relevance for the thesis statement or question in the annotations for each (25%); consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%).

4) Final paper on either option a. or b. below, due Friday, 15 December, 15-18 pages, worth 40% of the final course grade. See “Some General Advice on Academic Essay-Writing” at www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/general/general-advice for more information. a. A critical analysis of the understanding of theology and social justice in a theologian of your choice (e.g., the author of the book which you reviewed for your mid-term paper), using a representative selection of the author’s work (primary literature) and relevant scholarly discussions about her or his work (secondary literature). Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the author and how your interest shapes your approach to her or his work (10%); accurate and fair description of the author’s positions and the issues at stake in those positions (25%); fair evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the author’s positions and clear, well-warranted rationale for that evaluation (25%); appropriate research, using required and recommended course readings and other relevant sources, and fair and accurate description and evaluation of those sources (25%); consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%). b. A critical analysis of a topic or question of your choice, related to one of the main course topics (see Course Schedule below) and in connection with something you discussed in your first assignment and making use of the research you may have done for your mid-term paper. Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the topic or question and how your interest shapes your approach to it (10%); accurate and fair description of the issues at stake in the topic or question and the positions of the authors you consider (20%); fair evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of authors’ positions and clear, well-warranted rationale for that evaluation (20%); clear, well-warranted statement of your own position (20%); appropriate research, using required and recommended course readings and other relevant sources (15%); consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%).

5 Requirements and Assignments for Graduate Students

1) Regular attendance, required reading (as listed in the Course Schedule below), and informed participation in class discussions, worth 10% of overall course grade. At times suitable for all, advanced degree students will meet with the instructor for further discussion, in additional sessions beyond the regular two-hour weekly sessions,. Required reading is found in: • Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity (Ottawa: Novalis, 2004), available from Crux Books; and • a course reader available at the Victoria University Print Shop. Resources identified as “Recommended Reading” (also listed in the Course Schedule below) are available in the Toronto School of Theology and/or University of Toronto libraries and elsewhere. Class attendance and participation are important parts of the learning process; you may not receive credit for this course if you are absent from more than three classes.

2) In 4-6 typed and double-spaced pages, answer the following five questions (in any order); due in class on Thursday, 30 September and worth 20% of the overall course grade. No reading or research is required, but you may refer to any books or essays that have influenced your thinking on Christianity and social justice. • In what social justice issues are you primarily interested in, and why? • In what theological doctrines or issues are you primarily interested in, and why? • What has influenced your understanding of Christianity and social justice (e.g., how you were raised or what you learned in church or school; books or films, whether fiction or non-fiction, religious or secular; local, national, or international events; personal experience; or other factors)? • To what extent are you questioning your understanding of the relationship between Christianity and social justice, and what are your questions? • How would you explain the relationship between Christianity and social justice to a Christian who does not think they are related? Evaluation Criteria: thorough response to and reflection on the assigned five questions (85%); and consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of any sources used (25%).

3) A class presentation and discussion facilitation, worth 30% of the course grade, on one of the topics for the class sessions for 28 September through 30 November as described in the Course Schedule below. The instructor and the graduate degree students will negotiate and assign topics and dates for presentations during their first “extra” session of the semester. Evaluation of the presentation will be based on your oral presentation, facilitation of discussion during the session, and your written lesson plan, lecture notes, and/or digital presentation. The topic on which you give your presentation may also be the same topic as your final paper. Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the topic and how your interest shapes your approach to it (10%); accurate and fair description of the background to the topic, the issues at stake in it, and the positions of the authors

6 considered (20%); fair evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of authors’ positions and clear, well-warranted rationale for that evaluation (20%); clear, well-warranted statement of your own position (20%); appropriate research, using required and recommended course readings and other relevant sources (15%); consistency and clarity in oral and written presentation and appropriate citation of sources used (15%).

4) Final paper, due Friday, 15 December, 20-25 pages, worth 40% of the final course grade. a. A critical analysis of the understanding of theology and social justice in a theologian of your choice (e.g., an author you considered in your class presentation), using a representative selection of the author’s work (primary literature) and relevant scholarly discussions about her or his work (secondary literature). Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the author and how your interest shapes your approach to her or his work (10%); accurate and fair description of the author’s positions and the issues at stake in those positions (25%); fair evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the author’s positions and clear, well-warranted rationale for that evaluation (25%); appropriate research, using required and recommended course readings and other relevant sources, and fair and accurate description and evaluation of those sources (25%); consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%). b. A critical analysis of a topic or question of your choice, related to one of the main course topics (see Course Schedule below) and in connection with something you discussed in your first assignment, and making use of the research for your class presentation. Evaluation Criteria: clear statement of your rationale for your interest in the topic or question and how your interest shapes your approach to it (10%); accurate and fair description of the issues at stake in the topic or question and the positions of the authors you consider (20%); fair evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of authors’ positions and clear, well-warranted rationale for that evaluation (20%); clear, well-warranted statement of your own position (20%); appropriate research, using required and recommended course readings and other relevant sources (15%); consistency and clarity in writing, and correct citation and documentation of sources used (15%).

7 Important Notes for All Written Assignments

• All papers are due on the dates indicated above in the assignment descriptions, and below in the course schedule. Students who have a compelling reason for submitting a paper after the due date may request an extension in advance of the due date. For papers submitted late without an approved extension, the instructor will deduct one point per day for every day after the due date the paper is submitted. For the final paper, any extensions must be requested using the extension request form (available from the Registrar at your college). • Especially in the mid-term and final papers and class presentations, give reasons for your positions and arguments and back them up with material from required and recommended reading or other research. Consult the University of Toronto’s “Advice on Academic Writing” at http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice. For more detailed information on academic writing, see Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams, The Craft of Research, 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008), especially section III, “Making a Claim and Supporting It,” pp. 103-170. • Use the system of documentation described in Kate Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 8th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013); you may use either footnotes or endnotes, but you must use one or the other.

8 COURSE SCHEDULE

14 September Introducing the Course: Christianity, Modernity, and Social Justice

Recommended Reading:  Douglas John Hall, “Christianity and Canadian Contexts: Then and Now,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 18-32.  Michael Bourgeois, “Why Social Theory Matters for Theology,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 33-48.

21 September The Social Gospel in Protestantism

Required Reading:  , Chapter II, “The Social Aims of Jesus,” in Christianity and the Social Crisis, pp. 44-92.  John Line, Chapter II, “The Theological Principles” and R.B.Y. Scott, Chapter IV, “The Biblical Basis,” in R.B.Y. Scott and Gregory Vlastos, eds., Towards the Christian Revolution, pp. 26-50 and 75-97. Recommended Reading:  Claude Welch, Chapter 7, “Ethics, Church, and Culture,” in Protestant Theology in the Nineteenth Century, Vol. 2, 1870-1914, pp. 212-65.  Susan Hill Lindley, “Deciding Who Counts: Toward a Revised Definition of the Social Gospel,” in Christopher Evans, ed., The Social Gospel Today, pp. 17-26.  Marilyn Legge, Chapter II, “Canadian Radical Christianity: Strengths and Limitations of its Method for Those at the Margins” and Chapter III, “A Feminist Critique of Radical Christian Economic Ethics in Canada,” in The Grace of Difference: A Canadian Feminist Theological Method, pp. 33-106.

28 September Early Roman Catholic Social Teaching

Required Reading:  Pope Leo XIII, “Rerum Novarum” (1891) and Pope Pius XI, “Quadragesimo Anno” (1931), in David O’Brien and Thomas Shannon, eds., Catholic Social Thought: The Documentary Heritage, pp. 9-79. Recommended Reading:  Thomas A. Shannon, “Rerum Novarum: A Century of Social Teaching,” Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 3/2 (1991), pp. 13-30.  Charles E. Curran, Chapter 1, “Theological Methodology” and Chapter 2, “Ethical Methodology” in Catholic Social Teaching 1891-Present: A Historical, Theological, and Ethical Analysis, pp. 21-100.

9 5 October Justice, Violence, and Non-Violence

Required Reading:  , Chapter VII, “Justice through Revolution,” in Moral Man and Immoral Society, pp. 169-99.  John Howard Yoder, Chapter 8, “Christ and Power,”in The Politics of Jesus, pp. 134-61.  Judith A. Dwyer, “The Evolving Teaching on Peace within Roman Catholic Hierarchical Thought,” Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 3/2 (1991), pp. 71-82. Recommended Reading:  Michael Bourgeois, “Hope, History, and Redemption in the Theology of Richard Roberts (1874-1945),” Toronto Journal of Theology 19/2 (2003): 157- 72.  James H. Cone, Chapter IX, “Liberation and the Christian Ethic,” in God of the Oppressed, pp. 195-225.  Walter Lowe, “Militarism, Evil, and the Reign of God,” in Rebecca S. Chopp and Mark Lewis Taylor, eds., Reconstructing Christian Theology, pp. 195-219.  Ray C. Gingerich, “Reimaging Power: Toward a Theology of Nonviolence,” in Ted Grimsrud and Loren Johns, eds., Peace and Justice Shall Embrace, pp. 192-216.

12 October Economic Justice

Required Reading:  Eugene Forsey, “The Economic Problem” and “A New Economic Order” in R.B.Y. Scott and Gregory Vlastos, eds., Towards the Christian Revolution, pp. 98-145.  Pope John XXIII, “Mater et Magistra” (1961) and Pope John Paul II, “Centesimus Annus” (1991), in David O’Brien and Thomas Shannon, eds., Catholic Social Thought: The Documentary Heritage, pp. 81-128 and 439-88.  Gregory Baum, “From Solidarity to Resistance,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 49-82. Recommended Reading:  , “Social Salvation: The Social Gospel as Theology and Economics,” in Christopher H. Evans, The Social Gospel Today, pp. 101-13.  Gustavo Gutiérrez, Part 1, “Theology and Liberation,” in A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics, and Salvation, 15th Anniversary ed., pp. 1-25.  Pope John Paul II , “Laborem Exercens” (1981), in David O’Brien and Thomas Shannon, eds., Catholic Social Thought: The Documentary Heritage, pp. 350-92.  John Cobb, Jr., “Liberation Theology and the Global Economy,” in Joerg Rieger, ed., Liberating the Future: God, Mammon and Theology, pp. 27- 42.

10 19 October Racial Justice

Required Reading:  Darryl M. Trimiew, “The Social Gospel Movement and the Question of Race,” in Christopher H. Evans, ed., The Social Gospel Today, pp. 27-37.  James H. Cone, Chapter VI, “Who is Jesus Christ for Us Today?,” in God of the Oppressed, pp. 108-37.  Sharon D. Welch, “Human Beings, White Supremacy, and Racial Justice,” in Rebecca S. Chopp and Mark Lewis Taylor, eds., Reconstructing Christian Theology, pp. 170-94. Recommended Reading:  Preston Williams, “The Social Gospel and Race Relations: A Case Study of a Social Movement,” in Paul Deats, Jr., ed., Toward a Discipline of Social Ethics: Essays in Honor of Walter George Muelder, pp. 232-56.  Gayraud S. Wilmore, “Black Consciousness: Stumbling Block or Battering Ram?,” in Joerg Rieger, ed., Liberating the Future: God, Mammon and Theology, pp. 81-95.  Lisa Sowle Cahill, “Theological Ethics, the Churches, and Global Politics.” Journal of Religious Ethics 35/3 (September 2007): 377-99.

26 October Reading Week – No Class

2 November Gender Justice

Required Reading:  , Chapters 2 and 5, “Sexism and God- Language: Male and Female Images of the Divine” and “Christology: Can a Male Saviour Save Women?,” in Sexism and God-Talk: Toward a , pp. 47- 71 and 116-38.  Cristina Vanin, “Critical Feminist Theologies in Canada: Creating Our Own Arpilleras,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 96-116. Recommended Reading:  Christopher H. Evans, “Gender and the Kingdom of God: The Family Values of Walter Rauschenbusch,” in Christopher H. Evans, The Social Gospel Today, pp. 53-66.  Beverly Wildung Harrison, “Theological Reflection in the Struggle for Liberation: A Feminist Perspective,” in Making the Connections: Essays in Feminist Social Ethics, pp. 235-63.  Marilyn Legge, Chapter Six, “Towards a Feminist Ethic of Solidarity in the Canadian Radical Christian Tradition,” in The Grace of Difference: A Canadian Feminist Theological Ethic, pp. 199-223.

11 9 November Sexuality and Social Justice

Required Reading:  Janet Forsythe Fishburn, “The Social Gospel, Gender, and Homosexuality: Then and Now,” in Christopher Evans, ed., The Social Gospel Today, pp. 126-45.  Beverly Wildung Harrison, “Misogyny and Homophobia: The Unexplored Connections,” in Making the Connections: Essays in Feminist Social Ethics, pp. 135-51.  Peggy Schmeiser, “‘It’s Not Normal!’ Just How Queer Are Religion and Spirituality Getting in This Country?,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 223-45. Recommended Reading:  Beverly Wildung Harrison, “Sexuality and Social Policy,” in Making the Connections: Essays in Feminist Social Ethics, pp. 83-114.  Pamela Dickey Young, “Same-Sex Marriage and the Christian Churches in Canada,” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 35/1 (January 2006): 3- 23.

16 November Environmental and Food Justice

Required Reading:  Heather Eaton, “Critical Viewpoints on Ecotheologies in Canada,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp.246-65.  Nettie Wiebe, “The Via Campesina and Solidarity through Diversity,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp.266-78.  Christopher Lind, “Theological Reflection on ‘The Via Campesina and Solidarity Through Diversity,’” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 279-84. Recommended Reading:  Anne Marie Dalton, “Human Rights and Liberation in Feminist Creation Theology,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 121-34.  Stan McKay, “An Aboriginal Perspective on the Integrity of Creation,” in James Treat, ed., Native and Christian: Indigenous Voices on Religious Identity in the United States and Canada, pp. 51-55.  Steve de Gruchy. “An Olive Agenda: First Thoughts on a Metaphorical Theology of Development.” Ecumenical Review 59/2-3 (April 2007): 333- 345

12

23 November Justice for Indigenous Peoples

Required Reading:  Robert Warrior, “Canaanites, Cowboys, and Indians: Deliverance, Conquest, and Liberation Theology Today” with responses from William Baldridge and Jace Weaver, in James Treat, ed., Native and Christian: Indigenous Voices on Religious Identity in the United States and Canada, pp. 93-104.  Harold Cardinal, “Okimaw Win and Post-colonial Nation-building,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 192-199  Daryold Corbiere Winkler, “Hope for the Seventh Generation,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 200-22. Recommended Reading:  George E. “Tink” Tinker, Chapter 2, “Creation, Justice, and Peace,” American Indian Liberation: A Theology of Sovereignty, in pp. 36-56.  Steve Charleston, “The Old Testament of Native America,” in James Treat, ed., Native and Christian: Indigenous Voices on Religious Identity in the United States and Canada, pp. 68-80.

30 November Ecumenical Cooperation for Social Justice

Required Reading:  Federal Council of Churches, “The Social Creed of the Churches” (1908) and National Council of Churches of Christ, “A Social Creed for the 21st Century” (2007)  Melanie May, “The Kingdom of God, the Church, and the World: The Social Gospel and the Making of Theology in the Twentieth-Century Ecumenical Movement,” in Christopher Evans, ed., The Social Gospel Today, pp. 38-52.  Lee Cormie, “Hope for a New Beginning in History,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 305-27.  Global Ecumenical Conference on a New International Financial and Economic Architecture, São Paulo, Brazil, “The São Paulo Statement: International Financial Transformation for the Economy of Life”(2012)

Recommended Reading:  World Alliance of Reformed Churches, 24th General Council, “Accra Confession” (2004)  Brenda Margaret Appleby, “Debating Same-Sex Marriage in Canada: The Contribution of the Canadian Council of Churches.” Toronto Journal of Theology 23/2 (September 2007): 127-145.

13  Francis Schüssler Fiorenza, “Christian Redemption between Colonialism and Pluralism,” in Rebecca S. Chopp and Mark Lewis Taylor, eds., Reconstructing Christian Theology, pp. 269-302.

7 December Prospects and Resources for Social Christianity in the 21st Century

Required Reading:  John C. Bennett, “The Social Gospel Today,” in Ronald C. White, Jr. and C. Howard Hopkins, eds., The Social Gospel: Religion and Reform in Changing America, pp. 284-95.  Derek Simon and Don Schweitzer, “Epilogue: The Future of Critical Theologies in Kanata,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 365-69.  Mercy Amba Odoyuye. “Reflections on Geneva 1966 and Liberation Theology from the South.” Ecumenical Review 59/1 (January 2007): 60-67. Recommended Reading:  Christopher Evans, “Toward a New Social Gospel?,” in Christopher Evans, ed., The Social Gospel Today, pp. 171-75.  Christopher Lasch, “Religious Contributions to Social Movements: Walter Rauschenbusch, the Social Gospel, and Its Critics,” Journal of Religious Ethics 18/1 (March 1990): 7-25.  Marilyn Legge, “Building Inclusive Communities of Life,” in Don Schweitzer and Derek Simon, eds., Intersecting Voices: Critical Theologies in a Land of Diversity, pp. 285-304.

15 December Final Paper Due

14 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Christianity, Modernity, and Social Justice Ahern, Annette J. “Social Justice: Now, Later, or Never? The Contribution of Albrect Ritschl and Johannes Weiss to Social Justice Theology.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 32/3 (2003): 281–97. Baillie, John. The Belief in Progress. London: Oxford University Press, 1950. Dean, William D. “The Historicism of the Chicago School of American Religious Thought.” In Religion and Philosophy in the United States of America, vol 1, 153-175. Essen: Verlag Die Blaue Eule, 1987. Fiorenza, Francis Schüssler. “American Culture and Modernism: Shailer Mathews's Interpretation of American Christianity.” In America in Theological Perspective, 163-186. New York: Seabury Press, 1976. Grant, John Webster. “From Revelation to Revolution: Some Thoughts on the Background of the Social Gospel.” Toronto Journal of Theology 12 (Fall 1996): 159–68. Meland, Bernard Eugene. “Reflections on the Early Chicago School of Modernism.” American Journal of Theology & Philosophy 5, no. 1 (January 1, 1984): 3-12. Peden, Creighton. “The Chicago School (1906-1926) in American Religious Thought.” Ultimate Reality and Meaning 6/1 (March 1983): 51-79. Peden, Creighton. “Shailer Mathews’ Religion of Cosmic Adjustment.” Iliff Review 34/1 (December 1977): 35-44. Ruether, Rosemary Radford. The Radical Kingdom: The Western Experience of Messianic Hope. New York: Harper & Row, 1970. Shaw, Marvin C. “Naturalistic Theism and the Chicago School: Ames, Mathews and Wieman.” Encounter 49, no. 4 (September 1, 1988): 297-319. Sweet, Leonard I. “The University of Chicago Revisited: The Modernization of Theology, 1890- 1940.” Foundations 22, (October 1, 1979): 324-351.

The Social Gospel in Protestantism Allen, Richard, ed. The Social Gospel in Canada: Papers of the Interdisciplinary Conference on the Social Gospel in Canada, March 21–24, 1973, at the University of Regina. History Division, Paper No. 9, National Museum of Man Mercury Series. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975. Allen, Richard. The Social Passion: Religion and Social Reform in Canada, 1914–28. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1973. Bennett, John C. Social Salvation: A Religious Approach to the Problems of Social Change. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1935. Bland, Salem G. The New Christianity, or, The Religion of the New Age. Introduction by Richard Allen. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1973. (Originally published 1920).

15 Bowman, Matthew. “Sin, Spirituality, and Primitivism: The Theologies of the American Social Gospel, 1885-1917.” Religion and American Culture 17/1 (December 2007): 95-126. Bryant, Scott E. “The Optimistic Ecclesiology of Walter Rauschenbusch.” American Baptist Quarterly 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 117-135. Clifton, Lloyd M. Nellie McClung: A Representative of the Canadian Social Gospel Movement. N.p.: graduate thesis, 1979. Curtis, Susan. A Consuming Faith: The Social Gospel and Modern American Culture. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. Doak, Mary. “Hope, Eschatology, and Public Life: The Contributions of Rauschenbusch, Mathews, and Niebuhr to Reopening the American Imagination.” American Journal of Theology & Philosophy 23/2 (May 2002): 108-128. Dorn, Jacob H. “The Social Gospel and Socialism: A Comparison of the Thought of Francis Greenwood Peabody, Washington Gladden, and Walter Rauschenbusch.” Church History 62/1 (March 1993): 82-100. Dorrien, Gary J. “Social Gospels: Justification, Social Salvation, and Modern Theology.” In Gospel of Justification in Christ, 85-103. Grand Rapids: Cambridge, 2006. Dorrien, Gary. Soul in Society: The Making and Renewal of Social Christianity. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1995. Edwards, R.A.R. “Jane Addams, Walter Rauschenbusch, and Dorothy Day: A Comparative Study of Settlement Theology.” In Gender and the Social Gospel, 150-166. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press, 2003. Evans, Christopher H. The Kingdom is Always but Coming: A Life of Walter Rauschenbusch. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2004. Fishburn, Janet Forsythe. “Mainline Protestants and the Social Gospel Impulse.” In Church's Public Role, 245-262. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993. _____. “The Social Gospel as Missionary Ideology.” In North American Foreign Missions, 1810- 1914, 218-242. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2004. Fraser, Brian J. The Social Uplifters: Presbyterian Progressives and the Social Gospel in Canada, 1875– 1915. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1988. Haight, Roger. “The Mission of the Church in the Theology of the Social Gospel.” Theological Studies 49/3 (September 1988): 477-497. Hauerwas, Stanley. “The Democratic Policing of Christianity.” Pro Ecclesia 3/2 (March 1994): 215-231. Hinson, E. Glenn. “Baptists and the Social Gospel and the Turn toward Social Justice: 1898- 1917.” In Turning Points in Baptist History, 235-248. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2008. Hulsether, Mark. Building a Protestant Left: Christianity and Crisis Magazine, 1941-1993. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1999.

16 Jesse, Jennifer G. “Evangelical Liberalism and American Public Theology: Reflections on Shailer Mathews.” American Journal of Theology & Philosophy 25/1 (January 1, 2004): 22-49. King, William M. “The Biblical Base of the Social Gospel.” In Bible and Social Reform, 59-84. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1982. Kroeker, P. Travis. “Theology, Ethics and Social Theory: The Social Gospel Quest for a Public Morality.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 202 (January 1991): 181-199. Lasch, Christopher. “Religious Contributions to Social Movements: Walter Rauschenbusch, the Social Gospel, and Its Critics.” Journal of Religious Ethics 18/1 (March 1990): 7-25. Lindsey, William D. Shailer Mathews’s Lives of Jesus: The Search for a Theological Foundation for the Social Gospel. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997. _____. “Somebody, Somehow, Somewhere, and Somewhen”: Shailer Mathews and the Socio- Historical Interpretation of Doctrine.” American Journal of Theology & Philosophy 20, no. 3 (1999): 191-215. _____. “Shailer Mathews on Doctrinal Development.” American Journal of Theology & Philosophy 11, no. 2 (1990): 115-132. Lundsten, Barbara A. “The Legacy of Walter Rauschenbusch: A Life Informed by Mission.” International Bulletin of Missionary Research 28/2 (April 2004): 75-79. Peitz, Darlene Ann. Solidarity as Hermeneutic: A Revisionist Reading of the Theology of Walter Rauschenbusch. New York: Peter Lang, 1992. Rauschenbusch, Walter. A Theology for the Social Gospel. New York: Abingdon Press, 1917. Simpson, Thomas W. “The Prophetic Realism of Walter Rauschenbusch: A Comparative Study with Reinhold Niebuhr and Martin Luther King, Jr.” In Perspectives on the Social Gospel, 117-138. Smith, Gary Scott. “To Reconstruct the World: Walter Rauschenbusch and Social Change.” Fides et Historia 23/2 (June 1991): 40-63. Wilkinson, Michael, and Steven M. Studebaker. A Liberating Spirit: Pentecostals and Social Action in North America. Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2010. Scott, R. B. Y. and Gregory Vlastos, eds. Towards the Christian Revolution. Chicago and New York: Willet, Clark & Co., 1936; reprint ed., Kingston, ON: Ronald P. Frye & Co., 1989. Smucker, Donovan E. The Origins of Walter Rauschenbusch's Social Ethics. Montreal: McGill- Queen's University Press, 1994. Ward, Harry F. Social Creed of the Churches. New York: Eaton & Mains, 1912. _____. Social Evangelism. New York: Missionary Education Movement of the United States and Canada, 1915. White, Ronald C., Jr., and C. Howard Hopkins, eds. The Social Gospel: Religion and Reform in Changing America. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1976. Woodsworth, J. S. My Neighbour. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972 (first published 1911).

17 Early Roman Catholic Social Teachings Axel, Larry E. “Bernard Meland and the American Theological Tradition.” In Religion and Philosophy in the United States of America, vol 1, 13-29. Essen: Verlag Die Blaue Eule, 1987. Bolt, John. “Abraham Kuyper, Leo XIII, Walter Rauschenbusch, and the Search for an American Public Theology.” In Religion, Pluralism, and Public Life, 145-172. Grand Rapids, Mich: Wm. B. Eerdmans Pub., 2000. Carrier, Hervé. The Social Doctrine of the Church Revisited: A Guide for Study. Vatican City: Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, 1990. Coleman, John and Gregory Baum, eds. Rerum Novarum: A Hundred Years of Catholic Social Teaching. London and Philadelphia: SCM Press and Trinity Press International, 1991. Crawford, Virginia. The Church and the Worker: Before and After the Encyclical Rerum Novarum. 4th edition. Oxford: Catholic Social Guild, 1948. Curran, Charles E. Catholic Social Teaching 1891-Present: A Historical, Theological, and Ethical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2002. Dorr, Donal. Option for the Poor and for the Earth: Catholic Social Teaching. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2012. Ederer, Rupert. Economics as if God Matters: More than a Century of Papal Teaching. Toronto: Scarecrow Press, 2011. Fremantle, Anne, ed. The Social Teachings of the Church. New York: Mentor-Omega, 1963. Furlong, Paul and David Curtis, eds. The Church Faces the Modern World: Rerum Novarum and its Impact. Scunthorpe, UK: Earlsgate Press, 1991. Duska, Ronald F., ed. Rerum Novarum: A Symposium Celebrating 100 Years of Catholic Social Thought. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1991. Gilson, Etienne, ed. The Church Speaks to the Modern World: The Social Teachings of Leo XIII. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Image, 1954. Heyer, Kristin E., Mark J. Rozell, and Michael A. Genovese, eds. Catholics and Politics: The Dynamic Tension between Faith and Power. Washington: Georgetown University Press, 2008. Himes, Kenneth B., ed. Modern Catholic Social Teaching: Commentaries and Interpretations. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2005. Molony, John. The Worker Question: A New Historical Perspective on Rerum Novarum. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1991. O’Brien, David and Thomas Shannon, eds. Expanded ed. Catholic Social Thought: The Documentary Heritage. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1992. Schmiesing, Kevin. Within the Market Strife: American Catholic Economic Thought from Rerum Novarum to Vatican II. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2004. Weigel, George and Robert Royal, eds. A Century of Catholic Social Thought: Essays on ‘Rerum Novarum’ and Nine Other Key Documents. Washington, DC and Lanham, MD: Ethics and Public Policy Centre and University Press of America, 1991.

18 Justice, Violence, and Non-Violence Amstutz, Mark R. “Restorative Justice, Political Forgiveness, and the Possibility of Political Reconciliation.” In The Politics of Past Evil: Religion, Reconciliation, and the Dilemmas of Transitional Justice, ed. Daniel Philpott. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006. Baum, Gregory and Harold Wells, eds. The Reconciliation of Peoples: Challenge to the Churches. Maryknoll, NY and Geneva: Orbis Books and WCC Publications, 1977. Bourgeois, Michael. “Hope, History, and Redemption in the Theology of Richard Roberts (1874- 1945).” Toronto Journal of Theology 19/2 (2003): 157-72. Broyles, Vernon S, III. “‘War,’ ‘Terrorism,’ and the Search for Peace.” Church & Society 92/2 (November 2001): 104-106. Burrows, Mark S. “The Vocation of a Just Peace Church in a Globalized World.” Prism 22/2 (September 2008): 65-79. Cahill, Lisa Sowle. “Religious Identity, Justice, and Hope: The Case of Peacebuilding.” Criterion 47/3 (March 2010): 2-9. Enns, Elaine, and Ched Myers. “’Ambassadors in Chains’: Evangelizing the Powers: Ephesians 2-3 and M.L. King’s ‘Letter from Birmingham City Jail.’” Conrad Grebel Review 27/3 (September 2009): 4-27. Gingerich, Ray C. “Reimaging Power: Toward a Theology of Nonviolence.” In Peace and Justice Shall Embrace, 192-216. Telford, Pa: Pandora Press U.S, 1999. Gopin, Mark. “The Religious Component of Mennonite Peacemaking and Its Global Implications.” In From the Ground Up, 233-255. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Grimsrud, Ted. “Healing Justice: the Prophet Amos and a ‘New’ Theology of Justice.” In Peace and Justice Shall Embrace, 64-85. Telford, Pa: Pandora Press U.S, 1999. Hakola, Gretchen. “Social Justice, Human Rights, Peace...: What Would Jesus Do?” Christian Social Action 13/2 (March 2000): 4-13. Harak, G. Simon, ed. Nonviolence for the Third Millennium: Its Legacy and Future. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2000. Hauerwas, Stanley, and Mark Sherwindt. “The Kingdom of God: An Ecclesial Space for Peace.” Word & World 2/2 (March 1982): 127-136. Heft, James. “Religion, World Order, and Peace: Christianity, War, and Peacemaking.” Cross Currents 60/3 (September 2010): 328-331. Jantzen, Grace M. “Roots of Violence, Seeds of Peace.” Conrad Grebel Review 20/2 (March 2002): 4-19. Kauffman, Ivan J. “Nonviolence Works – If Somebody Does the Work.” Conrad Grebel Review 20/2 (March 2002): 35-46. Kinnamon, Michael. “Being a Just Peace Church in the Twenty-First Century.” Prism 19/1 (March 2004): 39-50.

19 Kinsler, F. Ross, and Gloria Kinsler. “The New Struggle for Peace: Biblical Perspectives.” Church & Society 96/2 (November 2005): 45-55. Laarman, Peter, ed. Getting on Message: Challenging the Christian Right from the Heart of the Gospel. Boston: Beacon Press, 2006. Long, Michael G., ed. Resist! Christian Dissent for the 21st Century. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2008. Mathews, Shailer. “Some Lessons the War is Teaching the Church.” Christian Century 3443 (October 25, 1917): 16-318. _____. “After the War: God.” Christian Century 34, no. 22 (May 31, 1917): 14-15. _____. “May Christians Go to War?” Christian Century 34/21 (May 24, 1917): 14-318. Niebuhr, Reinhold. “An Open Letter to Richard Roberts.” Christianity and Society 5 (Summer 1940): 30-33. Also published as “An Open Letter (to Richard Roberts),”267-71 in Love and Justice: Selections from the Shorter Writings of Reinhold Niebuhr, ed. B. D. Robertson (Cleveland and New York: Meridian Books, 1967). _____. Moral Man and Immoral Society. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1932. Owensby, Walter L. “Working for an Economy of Peace.” Church & Society 96/2 (November 2005): 91-99. Roberts, Richard. “Can a Christian Internationalism be Established?,” 30–41 in The Conquest of War: Some Studies in the Search for a Christian World Order, ed. Norman Thomas et al. New York: Fellowship Press, 1917. _____. “How the Fellowship Began.” Fellowship 9 (January 1943): 3. _____. “Open Letter from Dr. Richard Roberts.” Christianity and Society 5 (Spring 1940): 41-43. Roche, Douglas. “Bread not Bombs: Social Justice in a Fractured World.” Conrad Grebel Review 20/2 (March 2002): 20-30. Socknat, Thomas. Witness Against War: Pacifism in Canada, 1900-1945. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987. Tarimo, Aquiline. “The Role of Religion in Peacebuilding.” Afer 51/4-1 (2010): 385-402. Torrance, Alan J. “The Theological Grounds for Advocating Forgiveness and Reconciliation in the Sociopolitical Realm.” In The Politics of Past Evil: Religion, Reconciliation, and the Dilemmas of Transitional Justice, ed. Daniel Philpott. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006. Weaver, J. Denny. “Making Yahweh's Rule Visible.” In Peace and Justice Shall Embrace, 34-48. Telford, Pa: Pandora Press U.S, 1999. _____. “Responding to September 11 – and October 7 and January 29: Which Religion Shall We Follow?" Conrad Grebel Review 20/2 (March 2002): 79-100.

20 Economic Justice Althaus-Reid, Marcella. “Class, Sex and the Theologian: Reflections on the Liberationist Movement in Latin America.” In Another Possible World, ed. Marcella Althaus-Reid, Ivan Petrella and Luiz Carlos Susin, 23–38. Reclaiming Liberation Theology Series. London: SCM Press, 2007. Baum, Gregory. “Canadian Bishops Adapt Liberation Theology.” Cross Currents 28/1 (March 1978): 97-103. Cahill, Lisa Sowle. “Justice, Gender and the Market.” In Outside the Market: No Salvation?, ed. Mieth Dietmar and Marciano Vidal, 133-142. London: SCM Press/Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1997. Closkey, Pilar Hogan, and John P. Hogan, eds. Romero's Legacy: The Call to Peace and Justice. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007. Coleman, John Aloysius, and William F. Ryan, eds. Globalization and Catholic Social Thought: Present Crisis, Future Hope. Ottawa: Novalis, 2005. De Lima Silva, Silvia Regina. "Latin American Feminist Theology and Gender Theories." Voices from the Third World 24/1 (June 2001): 62-71. (Also published in Global Voices for Gender Justice, ed. Ana Maria Tepedino, T.H. Dolamo Ramathate, and Dwight N. Hopkins, 62- 71. Cleveland, OH: Pilgrim Press, 2003.) Gill, Anthony. “The Study of Liberation Theology: What Next?” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 41/1 (March 2002): 87-89. Gower, Joseph F. Religion and Economic Ethics. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1990. Gutiérrez, Gustavo. A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics, and Salvation. Revised ed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988. Haight, Roger G., and John Langan. “Recent Catholic Social and Ethical Teaching in Light of the Social Gospel.” Journal of Religious Ethics 18/1 (March 1990): 103-128. Irarrazaval, Diego. “Culture/Gender in Latin America.” Voices from the Third World 24/1 (June 2001): 72-83. (Also published in Global Voices for Gender Justice, ed. Ana Maria Tepedino, T.H. Dolamo Ramathate, and Dwight N. Hopkins, 72-83. Cleveland, OH: Pilgrim Press, 2003.) LeMasters, Philip. “Theological Ethics and the Kingdom of God: A Comparative Study of Walter Rauschenbusch and Gustavo Gutierrez.” In Church Divinity, 1987, 102-118. Bristol, IN: Wyndham Hall Press, 1987. Medina, Néstor. “The Future of Liberation Theologies: Rumours of Their Demise Have Been Greatly Exaggerated.” Toronto Journal of Theology 23/1 (March 2007): 23-33. Peirce, Jennifer, and Lisa Kowalchuk. “Faith, Activism and the Churches in Canada: Lessons from the Canada-Guatemala Solidarity Movement.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 34/3-4 (January 2005): 425-440. Petrella, Ivan. Beyond Liberation Theology: A Polemic. London: SCM Press, 2008. _____, ed. Latin American Liberation Theology: The Next Generation. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 2005.

21 _____. The Future of Liberation Theology: An Argument and Manifesto. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 2004. Sanks, T. Howland. “Liberation Theology and the Social Gospel: Variations on a Theme.” Theological Studies 41/4 (December 1980): 668-682. Sobrino, Jon, and Felix Wilfred, eds. Globalization and Its Victims. London: SCM Press, 2001. Stackhouse, Max L. “Jesus and Economics: A Century of Reflection.” In Bible in American Law, Politics, and Political Rhetoric, 107-151. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985. Tepedino, Ana Maria. “Gender and New (Re-Newed) Images of the Divine.” Voices from the Third World 24/1 (June 2001): 84-96. (Also published in Global Voices for Gender Justice, ed. Ana Maria Tepedino, T.H. Dolamo Ramathate, and Dwight N. Hopkins, 84-96. Cleveland, OH: Pilgrim Press, 2003.) Wells, Harold. “Social Analysis and Theological Method: Third World Challenge to Canadian Theology.” In A Long and Faithful March: Towards the Christian Revolution, 1930s-1980s, ed. H. Wells and R. Hutchinson, 204-219. Toronto: United Church Publishing House, 1989. Zub, David John C., and Robert C. Fennell, eds. Love and Freedom: Systematic and Liberation Theology in the Canadian Context: Essays in Honour of Harold G. Wells. Toronto: Toronto School of Theology, 2008.

Racial Justice Barnes, Sandra L. “Whosoever Will Let Her Come: Social Activism and Gender Inclusivity in the Black Church.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45/3 (September 2006): 371- 387. Cahill, Lisa Sowle. “Theological Ethics, the Churches, and Global Politics.” Journal of Religious Ethics 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 377-399. Carson, Clayborne. “Martin Luther King, Jr, and the African-American Social Gospel.” In African-American Religion: Interpretive Essays in History and Culture, ed. Timothy E. Fulop and Albert J. Raboteau, 341-362. New York: Routledge, 1997. Cone, James. A Black Theology of Liberation. 40th anniversary edition. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2010. Cone, James. The Cross and the Lynching Tree. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2012. _____. God of the Oppressed. New York: Seabury Press, 1975. Fernandez, Eleazar S., and Fernando F. Segovia, eds. A Dream Unfinished: Theological Reflections on America from the Margins. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2001. Garrow, David J. “The Intellectual Development of Martin Luther King, Jr.: Influences and Commentaries.” Union Seminary Quarterly Review 40/4 (January 1986): 5-20. Hambrick-Stowe, Charles E. “For God and the People: The Spirituality of Rauschenbusch--and DuBois--A Century Later.” Spiritus 1/2 (September 2001): 217-231. Harvey, Jennifer. “Which Way to Justice? Reconciliation, Reparations, and the Problem of Whiteness in U.S. Protestantism.” Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 31/1 (March 2011): 57-77.

22 Hopkins, Dwight N. “A New Black Heterosexual Male.” Voices from the Third World 24/1 (June 2001): 25-42. (Also published in Global Voices for Gender Justice, ed. Ana Maria Tepedino, T.H. Dolamo Ramathate, and Dwight N. Hopkins, 25-42. Cleveland, OH: Pilgrim Press, 2003.) _____, et al., eds. Blow the Trumpet in Zion: Global Vision and Action for the 21st-century Black Church. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2005. _____. “The Future of Black Theology.” Quarterly Review 21/4 (December 2001): 400-408. Luker, Ralph E. The Social Gospel in Black and White: American Racial Reform, 1885-1912. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991. McCann, Dennis P. “The World’s Parliament of Religion, Then and Now: From Social Gospel to Multiculturalism.” Annual of the Society of Christian Ethics (January 1, 1993): 291-296. Mikulich, Alex. “Mapping ‘Whiteness’: The Complexity of Racial Formation and the Subversive Moral Imagination of the ‘Motley Crowd.’” Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 25/1 (March 2005): 99-122. Perkinson, James W. “Black Theology and the White Church in the Third Millennium: Like a Thief in the Night.” In Living Stones in the Household of God, 83-98, 220-223. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2004. Phillips, Paul T. A Kingdom on Earth: Anglo-American Social Christianity, 1880-1940. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1996. Sturm, Douglas. “Martin Luther King, Jr, as Democratic Socialist.” Journal of Religious Ethics 18/2 (September 1990): 79-105. Terrell, JoAnne Marie. Power in the Blood? The Cross in African American Experience, 2nd ed. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2005. Townes, Emilie M. “Searching for Paradise in a World of Theme Parks.” In Black Faith and Public Talk, 105-125. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1999. Vesely-Flad, Rima. “The Social Covenant and Mass Incarceration: Theologies of Race and Punishment.” Anglican Theological Review 93/4 (September 2011): 541-562. West, Traci C. Wounds of the Spirit: Black Women, Violence, and Resistance Ethics. New York: New York University Press, 1999. White, Ronald C., Jr. Liberty and Justice for All: Racial Reform and the Social Gospel (1875-1925). San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1990. Williams, Delores S. Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1993. Williams, Loretta J. “Proclamation Perplexities: A Socio-Theological Critique.” Black Theology 8/2 (August 2010): 193-211. Williams, Preston N. “The Social Gospel and Race Relations: A Case Study of a Social Movement,” in Toward a Discipline of Social Ethics: Essays in Honor of Walter George Muelder, ed. Paul Deats, 232-256. Boston: Press, 1972.

23 Gender Justice Barnes, Sandra L. “Whosoever Will Let Her Come: Social Activism and Gender Inclusivity in the Black Church.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 371-387. Bendroth, Margaret Lamberts, and Virginia Lieson Brereton, eds. Women and Twentieth-Century Protestantism. Urbana; Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2002. Edwards, Wendy J. Deichmann, and Carolyn De Swarte Gifford. Gender and the Social Gospel. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press, 2003. Evans, Christopher H. ”Gender and the Kingdom of God: The Family Values of Walter Rauschenbusch.” In Social Gospel Today, 53-66. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox Press, 2001. Fishburn, Janet Forsythe. The Fatherhood of God and the Victorian Family: The Social Gospel in America. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1981. _____. “The Methodist Social Gospel and Woman Suffrage.” Drew Gateway 54, no. 2-3 (January 1, 1984): 85-104. _____. “Walter Rauschenbusch and ‘the Woman Movement’: A Gender Analysis.” In Gender and the Social Gospel, 71-86. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press, 2003. Gordon, J. Dorcas. “Feminist Theology in Canada.” In Women's Visions: Theological Reflection, Celebration, Action, ed. Ofelia Ortega, 127-137. Geneva: WCC Publications, 1995. Harrison, Beverly Wildung. Justice in the Making: Feminist Social Ethics. Edited by Elizabeth M. Bounds et al. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004. _____. Making the Connections: Essays in Feminist Social Ethics. Edited by Carol S. Robb. Boston: Beacon Press, 1985. _____. Our Right to Choose: Toward a New Ethic of Abortion. Boston: Beacon Press, 1983. Hinson-Hasty, Elizabeth L. “A New Womanhood: Vida Dutton Scudder on Women’s Public Role in Advancing the Social Gospel.” Perspectives in Religious Studies 33/2 (June 2006): 155-172. Legge, Marilyn J. “Colourful Difference: ‘Otherness’ and Image of God for Canadian Feminist Theologies.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 21/1 (January 1992): 67-80. Leonard, Ellen M. “Awakenings: , Feminism, Ecology.” Toronto Journal of Theology (January 2009): 91-99. _____. “Experience as a Source for Theology: a Canadian and Feminist Perspective.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19/2 (January 1990): 143-162. Lindley, Susan Hill. You Have Stept Out of Your Place: A History of Women and Religion in America. Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1996. _____. “‘Neglected Voices’ and Praxis in the Social Gospel.” Journal of Religious Ethics 18/1 (March 1990): 75-102. Lindsey, William D. “The Social Gospel and Feminism.” American Journal of Theology and Philosophy 13 (1992): 194-210.

24 Monroe, Irene. “Taking Theology to the Community.” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 25/1 (March 2009): 184-190. Muir, Elizabeth Gillan, and Marilyn Färdig Whiteley, eds. Changing Roles of Women within the Christian Church in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995. Ng, Greer Anne. “Salmon and Carp, Bannock and Rice: Solidarity between Asian Canadian Women and Aboriginal Women.” In Off the Menu: Asian and Asian North American Women's Religion and Theology, ed. Rita Nakashima Brock, Jung Ha Kim, Kwok Pui-lan, Seung Ai Yang, 197-215. Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox, 2007. Ruether, Rosemary Radford. Gaia & God: An Ecofeminist Theology of Earth Healing. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1992. Sharp, Carolyn. “The Emergence of Francophone Feminist Theology.” Studies in Religion/ Sciences Religieuses 25/4 (January 1996): 397-407. Soares, Judith. “Gender Justice and the Christian Mission.” Journal of Religious Thought 57/2-1/2 (2005): 67-82. Young, Pamela Dickey. Christ in a Post-Christian World: How Can We Believe in Jesus Christ when Those around Us Believe Differently – or Not at All? Minneapolis: Fortress, 1995. _____. “Theme and Variations: The Social Gospel in a New Key.” Toronto Journal of Theology 12/2 (September 1996): 285-290. Zwissler, Laurel. “Spiritual, but Religious: ‘Spirituality’ among Religiously Motivated Feminist Activists.” Culture and Religion 8/1 (March 2007): 51-69.

Sexuality and Social Justice Appleby, Brenda Margaret. “Debating Same-Sex Marriage in Canada: The Contribution of the Canadian Council of Churches.” Toronto Journal of Theology 23/2 (September 2007): 127- 145. Eagle, David Edwin. “Pneumatological Ecclesiology and Same-Sex Marriage: A Non- Essentialist Approach Using the Work of Eugene Rogers and John Zizioulas.” Conrad Grebel Review 28/1 (December 2010): 43-68. Goodwin, Douglas. “An Argument in Support of the Blessing of Same-Gender Marriages by the Church.” Touchstone 26/3 (September 2008): 14-30. Goss, Robert. Jesus Acted Up: A Gay and Lesbian Manifesto. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1993. _____. Queering Christ: Beyond Jesus Acted Up. Cleveland: Pilgrim Press, 2002. Isherwood, Lisa, and Mark D. Jordan, eds. Dancing Theology in Fetish Boots: Essays in Honour of Marcella Althaus-Reid. London: SCM Press, 2010. Johnson, William Stacy. A Time to Embrace: Same-Gender Relationships in Religion, Law, and Politics. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2006. Legge, Marilyn J. “Sex in Public: The Challenge of HIV/AIDS to Canadian Theologies.” Journal of Constructive Theology: Gender, Religion and Theology in Africa 11/2 (Winter 2005): 43-58.

25 Nedelsky, Jennifer, and Roger Hutchinson. “Clashes of Principle and the Possibility of Dialogue: A Case Study of Same-Sex Marriage in the United Church of Canada.” In Law and Religious Pluralism in Canada, 41-64. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2008. Nussbaum, Martha C. Sex and Social Justice. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Peddicord, Richard. Gay and Lesbian Rights: A Question--Sexual Ethics or Social Justice? Kansas City: Sheed & Ward, 1996. Sprinkle, Stephen. “A God at the Margins? Marcella Althaus-Reid and the Marginality of LGBT People.” Journal of Religious Leadership 8/2 (September 1, 2009): 57-83. Wells, Harold. “Sola Scriptura and Quadrilateral: Theological Method in the United Church Debate over Sexuality.” Toronto Journal of Theology, Supplement 1 (2008): 187-197. White, Heather Rachelle. “Proclaiming Liberation: The Historical Roots of LGBT Religious Organizing, 1946-1976.” Nova Religio 11, no. 4 (May 1, 2008): 102-119. (connects LGBT history to civil rights movement and somewhat to liberation theology) Young, Pamela Dickey. “Same-Sex Marriage and the Christian Churches in Canada.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 35/1 (January 2006): 3-23. _____. “Same-sex Relationships, Religious Traditions, Marriage and the Law.” Studies in Religion 29/4 (2000): 465-480. _____. “Taking Account of Religion in Canada: The Debates over Gay and Lesbian Marriage.” Studies in Religion 39, no. 3 (2010): 333-361.

Environmental and Food Justice Barns, Ian. “Eschatological Hope and Ecological Justice” Ecotheology 5 (July 1998): Cobb, John B, Jr. Sustainability: Economics, Ecology, and Justice. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1992. Dalton, Anne Marie and Henry C. Simmons. Ecotheology and the Practice of Hope. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2010. Deane-Drummond, Celia. Eco-Theology. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 2008. _____. “Joining the Dance: Catholic Social Teaching and Ecology.” New Blackfriars 93 (March 2012): 155-62. Gebara, Ivone. Longing for Running Water: Ecofeminism and Liberation. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1999. Grey, Mary. “Thirsty for Water—Thirsty for Life: Gender and Poverty in Rural Rajasthan.” Ecotheology 9/1 (April 2004): 86-104. Habel, Norman. “Key Ecojustice Principles: A Theologia Crucis Perspective” Ecotheology 5 (July 1998): Hessel, Dieter T., and Rosemary Radford Ruether, eds. Christianity and Ecology: Seeking the Well- Being of Earth and Humans. Cambridge, Mass: Distributed by Harvard University Press for the Harvard University Center for the Study of World Religions, 2000.

26 McFague, Sallie. The Body of God: An Ecological Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993. Rasmussen, Larry L. Earth Community, Earth Ethics. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1996. Ruether, Rosemary Radford. Gaia and God: An Ecofeminist Theology of Earth Healing. New York: HarperCollins, 1992. Scharper, Stephen Bede. Redeeming the Time: A Political Theology of the Environment. New York: Continuum, 1998. Scott, Peter. A Political Theology of Nature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Spencer, Dan. Gay and Gaia: Ethics, Ecology, and the Erotic. Cleveland: Pilgrim Press, 1996.

Justice for Indigenous Peoples Charleston, Steven. “From Medicine Man to Marx: The Coming Shift in Native Theology”. In Native American Religious Identity, 155-172. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1998. Dueck, Jonathan. “From Whom Is the Voice Coming? Mennonites, First Nations People and Appropriation of Voice.” Journal of Mennonite Studies 19 (January 2001): 144-157. Grinde, Donald A, Jr. “Learning to Navigate in a Christian World.” In Native American Religious Identity, 124-133. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1998. Kidwell, Clara Sue, et al. A Native American Theology. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2001. McKay, Stanley J., and Janet Silman. “A First Nations Movement in a Canadian Church.” In The Reconciliation of Peoples: Challenge to the Churches, ed. Gregory Baum and Harold Wells, 172-183. Geneva: WCC Publications, 1997. MacKenzie Shepherd, Loraine. “Shifting Identities and the Mission of the Church.” Toronto Journal of Theology, Supplement 1 (2008): 89-100. Milloy, John S. A National Crime: The Canadian Government and the Residential School System 1879- 1986. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1999. Peelman, Achiel. “Interreligious Dialogue and Inculturation: The Future of the Catholic Church among Canada’s First Nations Peoples: A Personal Appraisal.” Theoforum 35/1 (January 2004): 47-71. Smith, Andrea. “The Gendered Forms of Racism: A Native American Woman’s Perspective.” Voices from the Third World 24/1 (June 2001): 43-61. (also published in Global Voices for Gender Justice, ed. Ana Maria Tepedino, T.H. Dolamo Ramathate, and Dwight N. Hopkins, 43-61. Cleveland, OH: Pilgrim Press, 2003.) Tinker, George E. “An American Indian Theological Response to Ecojustice” Ecotheology 2 (January 1997): 85–109. Tinker, George E. Spirit and Resistance: Political Theology and American Indian Liberation. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2004. Treat, James, ed. Native and Christian: Indigenous Voices on Religious Identity in the United States and Canada. New York: Routledge, 1996.

27 Younging, Gregory, Jonathan Dewar, and Mike DeGagne.́ Response, Responsibility and Renewal: Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Journey. Ottawa: Aboriginal Healing Foundation, 2009. Weaver, Jace, ed. Native American Religious Identity: Unforgotten Gods. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1998.

Ecumenical and Interfaith Cooperation for Social Justice Abraham, K.C., ed. “Gender Justice” Voices from the Third World 24/1 (June 2001): 7-179. Best, Thomas F., and Martin Robra. Ecclesiology and Ethics: Ecumenical Ethical Engagement, Moral Formation and the Nature of the Church. Geneva: WCC Publications, 1997. Brubaker, Pamela K. “The Approach to Development of the Geneva 1966 Conference.” Ecumenical Review 59/1 (January 2007): 15-26. Burrell, David B. “Interfaith Perspectives on Reconciliation.” In The Politics of Past Evil: Religion, Reconciliation, and the Dilemmas of Transitional Justice, ed. Daniel Philpott, 113-126. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006. Creegan, Nicola Hoggard. “Models and Metaphors: High-Energy Christianity.” Stimulus 18/3 (August 2010): 35-38. De Gruchy, Steve. “An Olive Agenda: First Thoughts on a Metaphorical Theology of Development.” Ecumenical Review 59/2-3 (April 2007): 333-345. De La Torre, Miguel A. The Hope of Liberation in World Religions. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2008. D’Sa, Francis X. “The Würzburg Declaration.” Journal of Ecumenical Studies 41/2 (March 2004): 275-276. Ellingsen, Mark. The Cutting Edge: How Churches Speak on Social Issues. Geneva: WCC Publications, 1993. Ferguson, Ronald. George MacLeod: Founder of the Iona Community. n.p.: Wild Goose Pubns, 2001. Fleischacker, Samuel. “Second Response: Friendship over Justice.” Cross Currents 55/1 (March 2005): 25-28. Gnanadason, Aruna. “The Passion for Justice Can Be Kept Alive.” Reformed World 61/1 (March 2011): 23-33. Halstead, James. “Third Response: Encouragement from One Generation to the Next.” Cross Currents 55/1 (March 2005): 29-31. Heim, S. Mark. “Interfaith Relations and the Dialogue of Human Need.” In Public Theology for a Global Society, 139-157. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2010. Hiemstra, John. “Christian Belief and the Tar Sands: Removing Barriers to Genuine Dialogue.” Ecumenism, no. 175 (September 2009): 15-21. Johnston, Donna Giver. “Sing, Touch, Remember: From an Individual Pilgrimage to Communal Practices of Healing.” Call To Worship 43/2 (2009): 20-31.

28 KAIROS: Canadian Ecumenical Justice Initiatives. “Christian Faith and the Canadian Tar Sands: a KAIROS Reflection on Sustainability and Energy.” Ecumenism no. 175 (September 2009): 4-14. Kelley, Arleon L., ed. A Tapestry of Justice, Service, and Unity: Local Ecumenism in the United States, 1950-2000. Tacoma, WA: National Association of Ecumenical and Interreligious Staff Press, 2004. Kervin, William S. “The Celtic Connection: The Iona Community and Contemporary Worship.” Touchstone 21/2 (May 2003): 6-21. Kinnamon, Michael, and Brian E. Cope. The Ecumenical Movement: An Anthology of Key Texts and Voices. Geneva: WCC Publications, 1997. Lind, Christopher and Joe Mihevc, eds. Coalitions for Justice: The Story of Canada's Interchurch Coalitions. Ottawa: Novalis, 1994. McCloud, Aminah Beverly. “Fourth Response.” Cross Currents 55/1 (March 2005): 32-33. Monteith, W. Graham. “Iona and Healing: A Discourse Analysis.” In Beyond New Age, 105-117. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000. Mudge, L. “Ecumenical Social Thought.” In Briggs, John, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, and Georgios Tsetsis, eds. A History of the Ecumenical Movement. Vol. 3, 1968-2000. Geneva: WCC Publications, 2004. Nipkow, Karl Ernst. “Integrity of Faith, Social Justice and an Environmentally Friendly Future: What Kind of Interfaith Encounter Is Needed in our Schools?” British Journal of Religious Education 22/1 (September 1999): 25-34. Odoyuye, Mercy Amba. “Reflections on Geneva 1966 and Liberation Theology from the South.” Ecumenical Review 59/1 (January 2007): 60-67. Oktay, Ayşe Sıdıka. “Islam and Christianity Agree on Core Values: Justice as a Basis for Universal Morality and Peace.” In Justice and Mercy Will Kiss, 85-99. Milwaukee, Wis: Marquette University Press, 2008. Patel, Eboo. “Inclusiveness and Justice: The Pitfalls and Possibilities of Interfaith Work.” Cross Currents 55/1 (March 2005): 17-21. Raiser, Konrad. “Holding Different Perspectives Together: Forty Years of Ecumenical Engagement for Social and Economic Justice.” Ecumenical Review 59/1 (January 2007): 5- 14. Robra, Martin. “Trust in the Social Logic of the Gospel.” Ecumenical Review 56/1 (January 2004): 11-19. Schwarz, Sidney. “Exploring Religion, Social Justice and the Common Good.” Reconstructionist 65/1 (September 2000): 25-30. Shepherd, John J. “Social Justice in World Religions--A Modern Ideal in Comparative Perspective.” In Aspects of Religion, 313-329. United States Conference of Religions for Peace. “Diversity and Community.” Church & Society 91/3 (January 2001): 91-96.

29 Vischer, Lukas. “Committed to the Transformation of the World? Where are We 40 years after the World Conference on Church and Society in Geneva (1966)?” Ecumenical Review 59/1 (January 2007): 27-47. Weaver-Zercher, David L., ed. Vital Christianity: Spirituality, Justice, and Christian Practice. New York; London: T & T Clark, 2005. “The Würzburg Declaration.” Studies in Interreligious Dialogue 15/1 (January 2005): 114-116.

Prospects and Resources of 21st Century Social Christianity Baum, Gregory. “The New Social Gospel in Canada,” 51-69 in Compassion and Solidarity: The Church for Others. CBC Massey Lectures Series. Concord, ON: House of Anansi Press, 1987. Chopp, Rebecca and Mark L. Taylor, eds. Reconstructing Christian Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1994. Clark, Ron et al. Hinterland Theology in an Ecumenical Context: Essays in Honour of Benjamin G. Smillie and Charles F. Johnston. Saskatoon, SK: St. Andrew’s College, 1995. Coleman, John A. “The Future of Catholic Social Thought.” In Modern Catholic Social Teachings: Commentaries and Interpretations, ed. By Kenneth B. Himes, 522-44. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2005. Dorrien, Gary J. Reconstructing the Common Good: Theology and the Social Order. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1992. Dorrien, Gary J. “Turbo-Capitalism, Economic Crisis, and Economic Democracy.” Anglican Theological Review 92/4 (September 2010): 649-667. Estey, Ken. “Cooperative Ownership: Reconsidering a Social Gospel Legacy.” Baptist History and Heritage 35/2 (March 2000): 37-48. Evans, Christopher, ed. Perspectives on the Social Gospel: Papers from the Inaugural Social Gospel Conference at Colgate Rochester Divinity School. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen, 1999. ____, ed. The Social Gospel Today. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2001. Fennel, Robert C. “Renewing the Social Gospel through the Doctrine of Passibility.” Toronto Journal of Theology, Supplement 1 (2008): 125-141. Fogel, Robert William. The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2000. Hinson-Hasty, Elizabeth L. “The Future of the Social Gospel.” Theology Today 66/1 (April 2009): 60-73. McLaren, Brian D., Elisa Padilla, and Ashley Bunting Seeber. The Justice Project. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2009. Miller, L. Bruce. “Updating the Social Gospel for the 21st Century.” Religious Studies and Theology 22/2 (January 2003): 33-39. Nelson, Janet R. “Walter Rauschenbusch and the Social Gospel: A Hopeful Theology for the Twenty-First Century Economy.” Cross Currents 59/4 (December 2009): 442-456.

30 Percy, Martyn, and Ian S. Markham. Why Liberal Churches Are Growing. London: T & T Clark, 2006. Peters, Rebecca Todd, and Elizabeth Hinson-Hasty, eds. To Do Justice: A Guide for Progressive Christians. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2008. Rauschenbusch, Walter, Anthony Campolo, and Paul B. Raushenbush. Christianity and the Social Crisis in the 21st Century: The Classic That Woke Up the Church. New York: HarperOne, 2007. Sider, Ronald J. Just Generosity: A New Vision for Overcoming Poverty in America. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Books, 2007. Smillie, Ben. Beyond the Social Gospel: Church Protest on the Prairies. Toronto and Saskatoon, SK: The United Church Publishing House and Fifth House Publishers, 1991. Stackhouse, Max L. “From the Social Gospel to Public Theology: A Liberal Protestant Perspective.” Lutheran Forum 25/4 (November 1991): 15-20. Vallely, Paul. The New Politics: Catholic Social Teaching for the Twenty-first Century. London: SCM Press, 1998. Victor, Henry. “New Christian Social Activism: Gleanings!” Religious Studies and Theology 22/2 (January 2003): 17-31. Wells, Harold and Roger Hutchinson, eds. A Long and Faithful March: Towards the Christian Revolution,” 1930s/1980s. Toronto: The United Church Publishing House, 1989.

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