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LUKE 1–9 Editorial Consultants Athalya Brenner-Idan Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza

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LUKE 1–9 Editorial Consultants Athalya Brenner-Idan Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza LUKE 1–9 Editorial Consultants Athalya Brenner-Idan Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza Editorial Board Mary Ann Beavis Carol J. Dempsey Gina Hens-Piazza Amy-Jill Levine Linda M. Maloney Song-Mi Suzie Park Ahida Pilarski Sarah J. Tanzer Lauress Wilkins Lawrence WISDOM COMMENTARY Volume 43A Luke 1–9 Barbara E. Reid, OP, and Shelly Matthews Amy-Jill Levine Volume Editor Barbara E. Reid, OP General Editor A Michael Glazier Book LITURGICAL PRESS Collegeville, Minnesota www.litpress.org A Michael Glazier Book published by Liturgical Press Scripture texts in this work are taken from the New Revised Standard Version Bible © 1989 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide. © 2021 by Order of Saint Benedict, Collegeville, Minnesota. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever, except brief quotations in reviews, without written permission of Liturgical Press, Saint John’s Abbey, PO Box 7500, Collegeville, MN 56321-7500. Printed in the United States of America. 123456789 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Reid, Barbara E., author. | Matthews, Shelly, author. Title: Luke / Barbara E. Reid, OP, and Shelly Matthews ; Amy-Jill Levine, volume editor ; Barbara E. Reid, OP, general editor. Description: Collegeville, Minnesota : Liturgical Press, 2021. | Series: Wisdom commentary; volume 43A-B | “A Michael Glazier Book.” | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Contents: Volume 1. Luke 1-9 — Volume 1. Luke 10-24. | Summary: “This commentary on Luke provides a feminist interpretation of Scripture in serious, scholarly engagement with the whole text, not only those texts that explicitly mention women. It addresses not only issues of gender but also those of power, authority, ethnicity, racism, and classism”— Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2020030815 (print) | LCCN 2020030816 (ebook) | ISBN 9780814681671 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780814688151 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780814681923 (epub) | ISBN 9780814681923 (mobi) | ISBN 9780814681923 (pdf) | ISBN 9780814688403 (epub) | ISBN 9780814688403 (mobi) | ISBN 9780814688403 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Bible. Luke—Commentaries. | Bible. Luke—Feminist criticism. Classification: LCC BS2595.53 .R45 2021 (print) | LCC BS2595.53 (ebook) | DDC 226.4/077—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020030815 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020030816 Contents List of Abbreviations vii List of Contributors xi Foreword: “Come Eat of My Bread . and Walk in the Ways of Wisdom” xvii Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza Editor’s Introduction to Wisdom Commentary: “She Is a Breath of the Power of God” (Wis 7:25) xxi Barbara E. Reid, OP Authors’ Introduction: A Feminist Commentary on an Ambiguous Gospel xli Luke 1:1-80 An Orderly Account for Lovers of God 1 Luke 2:1-52 Divine Love Becomes Incarnate 63 Luke 3:1-38 Beloved Son of God and All God’s Children 97 Luke 4:1-44 Prophetic Mission Declared; Divided Responses 117 Luke 5:1-39 Male Disciples Called; Female Disciples in the Shadows 165 Luke 6:1-49 Multitudes of Women and Men Are Healed and Hear 195 Luke 7:1-50 Wisdom’s Children Justified 221 v vi Luke 1–9 Luke 8:1-56 Galilean Women Followers and Financiers 247 Luke 9:1-62 The Cross That Should Not Be Taken Up 277 Works Cited 297 Abbreviations AB Anchor Bible series ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by David Noel Freedman. 6 vols. New York: Doubleday, 1992. ABRL Anchor Bible Reference Library AnBib Analecta Biblica ANTC Abingdon New Testament Commentaries AYBD Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary BAR Biblical Archaeology Review BBC British Broadcasting Company BCE Before the Common Era BDAG Walter Bauer, Frederick William Danker, William Arndt, F. Wilbur Gingrich, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001). BDB Brown, Francis, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament BETL Bibliotheca Ephemerium Theologicarum Lovniensium Bib Biblica BibInt Biblical Interpretation BibInt Biblical Interpretation series vii viii Luke 1–9 BibRev Bible Review BibSem The Biblical Seminar BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester BJS Brown Judaic Studies BR Biblical Research BTS Biblical Tools and Studies BZNW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft CahRB Cahiers de la Revue biblique CBA Catholic Biblical Association of America CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly CBQMS Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series CE Common Era CIL Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum CurTM Currents in Theology and Mission ECL Early Christianity and Its Literature EJL Early Judaism and Its Literature EPRO Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l’empire romain FCB Feminist Companion to the Bible FCNTECW Feminist Companion to the New Testament and Early Christian Writings FSR Feminist Studies in Religion FT Folia Theologica GBS Guides to Biblical Scholarship GNS Good News series HNT Handbuch zum neuen testament HSM Harvard Semitic Monographs HTR Harvard Theological Review HTS Harvard Theological Studies Abbreviations ix IFT Introductions in Feminist Theology Int Interpretation JBL Journal of Biblical Literature JDS Judean Desert Studies JECS Journal of Early Christian Studies JES Journal of Ecumenical Studies JFSR Journal of Feminist Studies in Relgion JJS Journal of Jewish Studies JPS Jewish Publication Society JR Journal of Religion JRE Journal of Religious Ethics JSNT Journal for the Study of the New Testament JSNTSup Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement Series JSOT Journal for the Study of the Old Testament JSOTSup Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series JTS Journal of Theological Studies LHBOTS The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies LNTS Library of New Testament Studies NCBC New Cambridge Bible Commentary NICNT New International Commentary on the New Testament NovT Novum Testamentum NT New Testament NTS New Testament Studies OBT Overtures to Biblical Theology OECS Oxford Early Christian Studies OT Old Testament PBS Public Broadcasting System PRSt Perspectives in Religious Studies PTMS Pittsburgh Theological Monograph Series x Luke 1–9 RelSRev Religious Studies Review SBL Society of Biblical Literature SBLDS Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series SBLMS Society of Biblical Literature Monograph Series SBLStBL Society of Biblical Literature Studies in Biblical Literature SBLSymS Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series SemeiaSt Semeia Studies SNTSMS Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas Monograph Series SP Sacra Pagina SSEJC Studies in Scripture in Early Judaism and Christianity SymS Symposium Series TDNT Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Edited by Gerhard Kittel and Gerhard Friedrich. Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. 10 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964-1976. ThTo Theology Today TS Theological Studies TSAJ Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum VT Vetus Testamentum WCS Wisdom Commentary series WUNT Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Contributors Helen F. Bergin is a New Zealand Dominican sister. Her religious con- gregation was begun in 1871 by the arrival into Dunedin, New Zealand, of eleven Dominican sisters from Ireland. Helen was born in Wellington, NZ, as the eldest in a family of eight children. She completed doctoral studies in theology at The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC. Helen has taught theology at the national seminary in Dunedin, at the University of Auckland, and in many parishes. Feminist Theology, Trinity, and Introduction to Theology have been among regular courses that she has enjoyed teaching. Stephen Bevans is a priest in the missionary congregation of the Society of the Divine Word (SVD) and is Louis J. Luzbetak, SVD, Professor of Mission and Culture, Emeritus, at Catholic Theological Union, Chicago. He is the author and editor of some twenty books, among which are Models of Contextual Theology (Orbis Books, 2002), An Introduction to The- ology in Global Perspective (Orbis Books, 2009), and Essays in Contextual Theology (Brill, 2018). He is a member of the World Council of Church’s Commission on World Mission and Evangelism. Stephanie Buckhanon Crowder is vice president of academic affairs/ academic dean at Chicago Theological Seminary. She is the first woman and first African American to hold this position in the institution’s his- tory. As associate professor of New Testament, Stephanie is a noted Bible scholar, versatile speaker, and prolific author. Dr. Crowder earned a bachelor of science degree summa cum laude in speech pathology/ xi xii Luke 1–9 audiology from Howard University; a master of divinity degree from United Theological Seminary; and master of arts and doctoral degrees in religion from Vanderbilt University. Dr. Crowder has contributed to The Covenant Bible Study and Video Series and True to Our Native Land: An African American New Testament Commentary, and most recently Parent- ing as Spiritual Practice and Source for Theology. Her second book is When Momma Speaks: The Bible and Motherhood from a Womanist Perspective (West- minster John Knox, 2016). Acacia Chan holds a master of arts in religion from Yale Divinity School. She is currently pursuing a PhD in religious studies with a concentration in religions of the ancient Mediterranean at the University of Texas at Aus- tin. Her current research interests include ancient literary remixes within apocryphal literature,
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