Project Completion Report

APT ICT Development Program for Supporting ICT Pilot Project in Rural Areas

Title of the project :

A Pilot Project for realizing Full Time Active Volcano Surveillance, Geohazards monitoring, and creating Disaster Emergency Information Dissemination Station together with the provision of internet wireless broadband services to the selected school and the nearby communities

2015-2017

Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO), Republic of Vanuatu and

Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service (JTEC), Tokyo, Japan

Executive Summary

The objective of the pilot project was to demonstrate how ICTs can be used to increase/improve safety at disaster risk areas. All the work under a pilot project has been done in Tanna with installation of cameras, devices including network equipment, computers, TV monitors and poles/towers to provide internet access to one/two health Centers, school(s) and the airport. Seamless information gathering from the volcano site to the national center is very important and also need to deliver disaster information to the public at site as quickly as possible. Information dissemination to the White Sands area of Tanna Island will keep the community updated on the current situation on things when so required.

This pilot project started with introducing physical volcano monitoring and sending information to the east Tanna area on any ensuing danger or emergency. The provisioning of creating an Information Station for locally displaying volcanic activity information as well as other Government information. The required and Internet connectivity means for such needs and also providing internet connectivity to the schools, health centers, airport and other community. The network is completed and made operational with the cooperation of Vanuatu stakeholders and the Japanese experts. Since the project launched in 2014 and started its first phase, the devastating cyclone PAM heavily destroyed the country's infrastructure and the project sites were of no exception. This unprecedented natural event delayed the project by about one year and with the understanding of APT and Japanese Government the project activities were able to continue. During the project, all the sites were made operational providing services as planned. Still there are bits and pieces to sort out but it will be done in due course. The White Sands secondary school is now having Internet connection for their studies and communication which will improve quality of education of the students. The teachers will be able to take on line programs for their further studies. The White Sands health center is connected to the network providing Internet facilities where the medical staff and others will be able to do their job more efficiently and effectively to save lives. The METEO office at the Tanna White Grass airport in now connected with the VMGD/METEO headquarters via broadband enabling to display the information on Monitors and able to keep airport uses updated on real time situation on the spot. Other locations will avail the benefits as stated in this report. This pilot project is very successful although faced a series of challenges owing to the remoteness of the sites of the island, encounters natural events like cyclone, unforeseen volcanic eruptions. This network for gathering and timely disseminating of information will have tremendous impact to the people of Tanna which will give them confidence of reaching appropriate services from the government.

Contents

Executive Summary ------2 Table of Contents ------3 Acknowledgement ------5 Glossary ------6 Progress Record of the Project ------7 Pictorial presentation of Project Activities ------8

Chapter 1 Background and Country Information ------11 1.1 Background 1.2 Country Information 1.3 Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030; Chapter 2 Project Partners and Stake Holders ------15 2.1 Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO) 2.2 Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo Hazards Department (VMGD) 2.3 Telecom Vanuatu Limited (TVL) 2.4 Telecommunications and Radiocommunications Regulator (TRR) 2.5 Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service (JTEC) 2.6 MaechanNet Ltd. Chapter 3 The Pilot project ------19 3.1 Objectives 3.2 Projected benefits 3.3 Project formulation 3.4 The Project Team 3.5 Information dissemination process 3.6 Broadband Internet access to schools 3.7 Broadband Internet access to remote health center 3.8 Broadband access to western Tanna 3.9 Outline of total network system Chapter 4 Design and implementation of the Project ------27 4.1 Project outline 4.2 The four basic functions of the Pilot Project 4.3 Project Formulation and Coordination Structure 4.4 Site status review

4.5 The Pilot Project design 4.6 Installation, Testing and Commissioning 4.7 Network design, adjustments and modifications 4.8 Relocation of HD camera Chapter 5 Achievements and Impact ------41 5.1 Achievements and Impact 5.2 Implementation and adjustments 5.3 Achievements 5.4 Different Phases of the Project 5.5 Impact 5.6 Sustainability Chapter 6 Accounts Report ------45 6.1 Summary of Accounts Report Chapter 7 Conclusions and Recommendations ------47 7.1 Conclusions 7.2 Recommendations from the Japanese experts

References ------48

Acknowledgements

Name Designation Organization HE. Mr. Jotham Napat, MP Minister Vanuatu Government Mr. Gerard Metson CIO OGCIO Mr. Fred Samuel Ex. CIO OGCIO Mr. Barlene Lutchmoodoo Acting CEO TVL Dr. Kader Hiroshi Pramanik Advisor, ICT affairs JTEC Mr. Minoru Takahara Vice President JTEC Mr. Jackson Miake Manager ICT OGCIO Mr. John Jack Manager Projects OGCIO Mr. Paul Henry Natiang Staff Technician OGCIO Ms. Esline Garaebiti Manager VMGD Ms. Patricia Mawa Manager Engineering VMGD Mr. Patterson IP Engineer VMGD Mr. Loic Jimmy Power System Technician VMGD Ms. Dalsie Baniala Regulator TRR Mr. Brad Partridge UAP Consultant TRR

Glossary

ICT Information & Communication Technology ISP Internet Service Provider IT Information Technology J-ALART Japanese Nationwide real time Alert system LAN Local Area Network METEO Vanuatu Meteorological Services Section NDMO: National Disaster Management Office MIC Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications MOE Ministry of Education OGCIO Office of the Government Chief Information Officer

TelSat TelSat Broadband service TRR Telecommunications and Radio-communications Regulator TC Tropical Cyclone TVL Telecom Vanuatu Limited VMGD Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department USP The University of the South Pacific

Progress Record of the Project

Period Events and records Remarks 2013.8 Submit Project application to APT 2014.5 Dispatch Expert Mission under APT Approval Study Project Scope and Cost Estimation 2015.9 Re-submit Revised Application to APT 2015.2 Approval of APT (USD 147,102） JTEC started the Project 2015.3 Cyclone PAM hit Vanuatu Postpone implementation

2015.8-9 1st Visit Vanuatu for project implementation Survey study the recovery status of the damages, re-view of the project scope and cost re-calculation Submit revised application to APT 2015.12 Approval of APT （USD 191,300） Start detail design and equipment procurement 2016.2 Project equipment purchased in Japan send to International DHL courier 9 Vanuatu (Monitoring camera, Long Range wireless boxes LAN T/R units) 2016.2-3 2nd Visit Vanuatu for project implementation 2016.2 Cyclone (Winston) hit Project coordination with agencies concerned, Fiji Budget arrangement Visit schedule was arranged to Submit the interim report of the Project the same period of the Publication Program survey visit 2016.8-9 3rd Visit Vanuatu for project implementation Visit schedule was arranged to Temporary installation of camera, test operation of the same period of the the image processing system Publication Program survey (Suspend to visit Tanna Island due to delay of visit network installation) Mr. Maejima accompanied with team members for camera setting work 2016.11 4th Visit Vanuatu for project implementation On site camera installation, operation test, completion of system installation, start operation. Hand over the equipment. Camera problem arises just after return Japan. 2016.11～ Trouble shooting for camera system, study 2017.2 recovery method 2017.2～ APT informal consent to extend project period. 2017.4 Preparation necessary equipment and parts for recovery work for camera system 2017.4 5th Visit Vanuatu for project implementation Camera trouble check, recovery and repairmen work, camera replacement, overall system check after completion Instruction to staffs of Vanuatu side 2017.5 Submission of completion report

2017.6 Accounting report, payment settlement End of the project

Pictorial presentation of Project Activities

Optical (L) and Thermal (R) camera picture White Sands (Ienaula) Secondary School Picture on TV Monitor Installed at School

Monitored at VMGD/METEO Office Tanna Airport Pictures Monitored at VMGD Main Office

The HD Camera day picture The HD Camera Night Picture

Pictorial presentation (contd)

The New Tower at school & Camera installation The New Tower at Health Center

OBIS Picture Repository Server at Port Vila HD Camera Installation at Hill552

Opening Ceremony at Ienaula School Confirmation of field Pictures at VMGD

Pictorial presentation (contd)

Project meeting at METEO office

Picture archive server

Relocated HD camera at VMGD Set up completed HD camera

Harbor view picture from HD camera

Chapter 1 Background and Country Information

1.1 Background

Vanuatu is one of the most vulnerable countries against natural disaster in the world due to its geographical situation. In this context, number of measures has been taken through frameworks/initiatives such as Pacific Island Forum (PIF), the Pacific Disaster Risk Management Partnership Network Council, and others to improve capabilities in disaster risk management of Vanuatu. Nevertheless, the capacity of the disaster management sector in Vanuatu is still inadequate in terms of budget and staff. There are a lot of activities such as disaster observation and early warning means that could be solved by applying ICT.

The active volcano Yasur in Tanna, one of the remote islands of Vanuatu, need to monitor its activities. There is a need to establish an ICT station to alert the inhabitants on ensuing danger as it happens due to volcano hazards. The volcano Yasur on In Tanna Island is an active volcano where inhabitants in the vicinity affected by volcanic ash, acid rain, and sulphur gas that causes extensive damage. This pilot project in Tanna is to introduce disaster information network to response at risk and to alert people in the White Sands locality in the event of ensuing emergency. The same disaster information needs to display at the METEO office at Tanna airport to provide a real time update. To implement an eco-friendly and sustainable power source using solar energy. Communities will gain access to the Vanuatu Meteorological Service (VMS) whose objective is to meet the needs of all people living in Vanuatu for Meteorological information, understanding services that are essential for their safety, security, and general well-being, which will apply Meteorological data and knowledge effectively to ensure fulfilling Vanuatu’s national goals. To implement objectives set out by the MDG, the Priority Action Agenda (PAA) 2013 to 2016 and the national ICT and UAP policies of the Vanuatu Government This pilot project in the rural areas of White Sands area in east Tanna will develop a model for an appropriate solution to connect and use high-speed broadband Internet for disaster information collection, delivery and management, as well as Internet access to local community. These will improve public awareness, access to information with accessibility to knowledge bases in the country and the world. The network is to include two cameras installed at two locations. This network will have broadband access to the sites and Internet will be available at no cost or at a minimal cost as to decide by the government. There will be clear demarcation between the Information Station uses and the access to all others.

1.2 Country Information

Vanuatu is an archipelago of 83 islands located in the SW Pacific. Most of the islands are mountainous and of volcanic origin, and have a tropical or sub-tropical climate. Area: 12,189 sq km Population: 272,264 (July 2015 est.) Capital: Port Vila (17 44 S, 168 19 E) Geographic coordinates: 16 00 S, 167 00 E

Administrative divisions: six provinces; Malampa, Penama, Sanma, Shefa, Tafea, Torba Elevation extremes: lowest point: 0 m; highest point: Tabwemasana 1,877 m Natural hazards: tropical cyclones, torrential rain, flash flood, volcanic eruption, earthquakes and tsunamis.

Volcanism: There is significant volcanic activity with multiple eruptions in recent years. Yasur (elev. 361 m), one of the world's most active volcanoes, has experienced continuous activity in recent centuries, and even now it is active. Other active volcanoes are: Aoba, Ambrym, Epi, Gaua, Kuwae, Lopevi, Suretamatai, and Tra itor's Head. Environment: Most of the population does not have access to a reliable supply of potable water; deforestation is prominent. Telephones: fixed lines: total subscriptions: 5,700 Telephones: mobile cellular: total: 175,100 Internet users: total: 82,000 (est.)

Vanuatu is having more than 100 languages with English, and French as major languages. About eighty percent of the population lives in villages and in the small islands. Vanuatu has a competitive telecom sector, independent telecom regulator, and about 90 percent household mobile phone penetration. However, Internet, computer and broadband penetration are under five percent. The United Nations has rated Vanuatu as a country on Earth, which is most, threatened by the most different types of disaster. In Vanuatu, most of the major volcanoes have only up to two monitoring stations. These stations have recently linked via narrowband to the Government Broadband Network (GBN), operated and maintained by the OGCIO of the Prime Minister's Office. For the first time the Vanuatu Geo-Hazards Department has real- time data flows from all monitoring stations to its headquarters in the capital, Port Vila. A real time display board at Port Vila shows all activity, and a major increase in volcanic activity can trigger an immediate response; including an airborne surveillance of the volcano, or a site visit by a team of volcanologists. However, those optical cameras installed in Yasur volcano operates only in daylight and no information is available at dark.

Tanna located about 220km south of Port Vila is an island of Vanuatu 40 km long and 19 km wide with a total land area of 550 km². It is one of the populous islands in the country with a population of about 20,000. Isangel, the provincial administrative capital, is on the west coast. Mount Yasur located on the southeast coast is a continuously active accessible volcano. Yasur is an active volcanic cane, 365m in altitude, with a base about 1.5 km wide. This is the youngest of several small volcanoes, which occupy this area.

Captain Cook observed volcanic activity at Yasur in 1774, and its activity having been constant since that time. Particularly intense activity was reported in 1974, 1975 and in 1977, and is again intense since the beginning of 1994. Last Known major eruption was in 2009 causing loss of life and severe damage to the area. In February 2016, it again increased its activity that forced the Authority to raise hazard level to two, which means that nobody can access within a distance of 2km from the crater. This selected and surveyed site is located in the compound of Ienaula Junior Secondary School where space for installation, space for an Information Station is available. The School is located in White Sands area on East Tanna, with about 250 students. There is a computer lab but no Internet access at the site. No commercial power is available but there is a generator for the exclusive use of the school Lab. The Louapeng Junior Primary and Secondary French School with another 250 students is located nearby. The school is near the tourism site and on the access road to Mt. Yasur, one of the biggest tourist attractions in Vanuatu. Tourists would most certainly utilize Internet while visiting the top of the volcano. Key community centers include a health Center, a bank branch and various committees (Mama’s groups, youth groups, cooperatives etc. to benefit from connecting online. The White Sands health Center is located at about a km away. Most villages are within walking distance of each other and some are with close proximity to the active volcano Mt. Yasur. This Center considered being an ideal location for installing information collection and dissemination facilities. Moreover, the security of the facilities is better as there are residential facilities for teachers and students.

The Information Center is to use by the teachers, students and community people during a natural disaster caused by the active volcano or cyclone, which will be easy to report the situation to Authorities. The facilities at the health center also to use as an information dissemination center to the wider community on any alerts related to the active volcano by the VMGD or NDMO. The crater at normal situation is shown in the picture.

1.3 Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030;

[Ref: National Advisory Board on Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction7 (NAB)

1. Information Management (Actions) Strengthen existing systems to improve information capture, access and application by:  Ensuring that NAB’s information, education and communication endorsement process is used by all climate change and disaster risk reduction material developers  Monitoring the effectiveness of materials and communication endorsed under the information, education and communication process  Ensuring participation of all relevant government and stakeholder bodies, including 13

provincial governments and the National Statistics Office in information management processes  Ensuring up to date project information, resources, reports, events and contacts are accessible on the NAB Portal  Utilizing technology transfer and methodologies that are adapted for the Vanuatu context

2. Traditional Knowledge(Actions) Build on and share existing traditional knowledge and expand its use by:  Collecting, recording and incorporating traditional knowledge into planning, while ensuring appropriate cultural protocols are respected  Making traditional knowledge accessible to decision-makers, while considering intellectual property rights, through databases and training  Including traditional knowledge in formal and informal school curricula  Building on existing traditional knowledge strategies already captured on the NAB Portal and by the Vanuatu Cultural Center.

3. Knowledge Sharing (Actions) Develop and build on knowledge management systems including:  Acknowledging and promoting the valuable knowledge on climate change and disaster risk that already exists in Vanuatu  Developing new materials that are relevant and compatible to local context  Developing and communicating standardized technical messages for enhanced decision making  Utilizing and strengthening existing networks and knowledge sharing mechanisms  Exploring options for national-scale climate change and disaster risk reduction summits and events.  Initiating new knowledge management systems that build on increased accessibility of information and communications technology tools

Chapter 2 Project Partners and Stake Holders

In order to make efficient use and get the maximum out of the limited APT funds, the Pilot Project will introduce broadband Internet access to bridge digital divide in the Island. The Pilot Project will also provide networks and facilities to monitoring Tanna volcanic activities and disseminating timely information to local residents improving their safety and timely evacuation when so required. In the event of any evacuation situation, people also take the escape path via ocean and therefore the link to the hospital will certainly be a major communication means when the only road becomes inaccessible. The following organisations are the stakeholders and beneficiaries of this project.

1. Prime Ministers' Office: Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO) 2. Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo Hazards Department(VMGD) 3. Telecom Vanuatu Limited (TVL) 4. Ministry of Health (MOH) 5. Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service (JTEC) 6. MaechanNet Ltd. (Japan)

2.1 Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO)

OGCIO has three focuses: Firstly, to encourage the spread of ICTs in society to efficiently and effectively achieve an educated, healthy and wealthy Vanuatu. Secondly, to lead the iGov Initiative, (the Integrated Government Initiative), which uses world-class e-government solutions and ICTs to bring better service delivery methods to all ministries and agencies, and ultimately to Vanuatu’s residents and businesses. Thirdly, to encourage the right to information (RTI) in Vanuatu. (https://ogcio.gov.vu/).

OGCIO Organigram

2.2 Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo Hazards Department (VMGD)

The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) is a Department within the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation, Meteorology, Geo-Hazards, Energy, Environment and Disaster Management. The VMGD consists of seven Divisions and they are Administration; Weather Forecasting and Services; Climate; Climate Change/Project Management Unit; Geo- Hazards; Observations; and ICT/Engineering. These Divisions work together to ensure the core functions are carried out as indicated in the annual Business Plans, the Corporate Plan, and Vanuatu Priorities and Action Agenda. (http://www.METEO.gov.vu/)

The objective of the VMGD is to meet the needs of all people living in Vanuatu for Meteorological and Geohazards information, understanding and services that are essential for their safety, security, and general well-being, and to ensure that Meteorological and geophysical data and knowledge are effectively applied to Vanuatu’s National Goals.

2.3 Telecom Vanuatu Limited (TVL) (http://www.tvl.vu/)

Telecom Vanuatu Limited (TVL) was created in 1978 and is Vanuatu’s first provider for Landline, GSM, Internet and 3G+ (Mobile Internet). TVL is a major operator in Vanuatu and over 90% of the population covered by TVL mobile phone network. TVL is the largest corporate contributor to Vanuatu. TVL. provides telecommunications services in Vanuatu. The Company offers mobile, high speed internet, and fixed landline services to residential and business customers. TVL Provides WIMAX, Wireless limited to downtown Port Vila and various fixed and leased line services. VSAT is available for rural Vanuatu. Prepaid and Postpaid options are available.

2.4 Telecommunications and Radiocommunications Regulator (TRR)

The Telecommunications and Radiocommunications Regulator (TRR) is a statutory body operating independently from the government. The body has the General Powers and Functions to regulate telecommunications and radiocommunications services in Vanuatu as provided in the Telecommunications and Radiocommunications No.30 of 2009 (the Act).

The Regulator reports to and advises the Minister responsible for telecommunications as to policy and making of regulations and any other matter as requested by the Minister. TRR has to ensure that the Act is implemented, facilitated and enforced. The Act gives power to the Regulator to facilitate the development of the telecommunications sector and manage radio- frequency spectrum in order to promote national, social and economic development. http://www.trr.vu/index.php/en/.

2.5 Japan Telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service (JTEC) http://www.jtec.or.jp/

JTEC, a nonprofit organization was established in 1978. Recognizing global demand for international cooperation in telecommunications and broadcasting sectors, Japanese government together with related industries took the lead to establish JTEC. The industry leaders took part in the activities of JTEC include NTT, KDDI, NHK, NEC, Fujitsu and other telecommunications manufacturers．

Over the past 36 years，JTEC has been committed to promote international cooperation activities on ICTs，and now is a sole independent nonprofit organization in Japan for international cooperation in the field of telecommunications and broadcasting．

JTEC dispatches missions to countries and carries out advanced survey for construction of telecommunications facilities.

Thereafter Japanese telecommunication industries carry out implementation and technology transfer by their respective operational staff ． Until today ， the number of our partner developing countries exceeded one hundred．

2.6 MaechanNet Ltd. (http://maechan.net/)

Established in 2002 as a private business in Tokyo Japan and to a corporate structure in 2010 performing the activities and business as follows.  Research on computer systems and computer software,  Planning, development, production, operation, maintenance and sale  Computer system and computer software  Consulting business  Information processing service industry and information provision service industry  Information provision service using the Internet, advertisement, advertising agency, Member recruitment, mail distribution, consignment sales business.  Research, planning, development, production, operation, maintenance and sale of OWEB contents  Research, planning, development, production and sale of digital contents  Research, planning, development, production and sale of school educational materials and learning materials

Chapter 3 The Pilot project

In order to make efficient use and to get the maximum benefit out of the limited APT funds, the Pilot Project activities are limited to monitoring volcanic activities to ensure safety of the residents in Tanna. In the event of any evacuation, people also take the escape path via ocean and therefore the link to the hospital will certainly be a major communication means when the road turns inaccessible.

3.1 Objectives

This pilot project in Tanna is to introduce disaster information network to response at risk and to alert people in the White Sands locality in the event of ensuing emergency. The same disaster information needs to display at the METEO office at Tanna airport to provide a real time update. To implement an eco-friendly and sustainable power source using solar energy. Communities will be able to access to the Vanuatu Meteorological Services (VMS) whose objective is to provide Meteorological information. These information and services are essential for the safety, security, and well-being of people. To implement objectives set out by the MDG, the Priority Action Agenda (PAA) 2013 to 2016 and the national ICT and UAP policies of the Vanuatu Government This pilot project in the rural areas of White Sands area in east Tanna will develop a model for an appropriate solution to connect and use high-speed broadband Internet for disaster information collection, delivery and management, as well as Internet access to local community. These will improve public awareness, access to information with accessibility to knowledge bases in the country and the world.

3.2 Projected benefits

To establish model ICT Station which will utilise i-Government network to send Disaster Information and to response at risk, and alert to the people in the White Sands locality. The same disaster information is also to display in the METEO office at Tanna airport to provide a real time update. To use solar power system at the school and at the crater rim to realise an eco-friendly and sustainable power supply source. Communities will gain access to the Vanuatu Meteorological Service (VMS) for Meteorological information that are essential for their safety, security, and general well-being. To implement objectives set out by the MDG, the Priority Action Agenda (PAA) 2013 to 2016 and the national ICT and UAP Policies of the Vanuatu Government This pilot project in the rural areas of White Sands in East Tanna will develop a model for an appropriate solution to connect and use broadband Internet for collection, delivery and disaster information management as well as Internet access to local community. These will improve public awareness, access to information with accessibility to knowledge bases in the country and to the world. The network includes two cameras installed at two locations monitoring the volcanic activities. This network will provide broadband access to the sites and Internet access will be available at designated sites. There will be clear demarcation between the bandwidth available for the continuously monitoring cameras and the Information Station applications for the access to others. 19

3.3 Project formulation

During the ITU connect Asia Pacific Summit held in Bangkok in November 2013, The CIO of Vanuatu had a contribution on the need of enhanced monitoring of dangerous multi hazards and enhanced disaster management, describing, seismic and volcanic activities observation. A project completed with Japanese ODA that includes mainly weather forecast, events monitoring by sensors. This particular ODA project does not include volcano monitoring system whereas the Government has priority for this active volcano monitoring for disaster management. Therefore, the main objective in this pilot project is to install cameras for taking pictures for monitoring the volcanic activities for 24 hours. In order to monitor volcanic lava activities, installation of a thermal camera along with an optical sensor camera is necessary at the rim of the volcano crater. One day/night vision camera is necessary at a distant location from the volcano.

The camera at the community will look the volcano from clearly visible angle. The project will also include model Disaster Information Station in two remote rural communities closer to the volcano. The installed cameras will send pictures of the volcano day and night automatically to VMGD at Port Vila. The network will also provide broadband wireless access to the community and will collect and send disaster emergency related information to Port Vila. Prior to this project, there was no information dissemination monitor at the Tanna airport. There is a need 20 to install one monitor at the airport METEO office to display same information as in other locations.

Vanuatu had its worst cyclone ever and thus the Government had to reorganize and redesign things in every aspect. Accordingly, considering the most needed safety and security of our citizens and provide the most up to date ways and means to protect them from natural hazards, our ongoing APT ICT Pilot project is also apt to redesign in certain manner. Without changing our purpose, initiatives, goals and contents as in our applications and your approval, we have redesigned the project by adding a few more items and locations where people took shelter and saved their lives during the last cyclone PAM 2015. We are providing more assistance to lenaula Jr. Secondary School located near the active volcano Yasur to create a better evacuation center where this APT J3 project is to provide Internet connections and means to inform people from our headquarters. This place will provide Wi-Fi system that will enable nearby schools and community /visitors to access information 24 hours a day. From recent experience, we have noticed that during the cyclone, people took shelter in several schools in the western part of Tanna. Although the college has more rooms to handle more intakes during hazard evacuation, it was too late for many to reach the college located at a higher ground. People took shelter in three schools, which saved their lives. Therefore, we have added the Tafea College, three schools, and the Lenekel hospital where the injured are treated. The Government. will provide PCs and related equipment whereas we expect to connect these locations with broadband access under this J3 project. To ensure sustainability, the Government. will take care of operation and maintenance costs for the network during and after the project completion. Therefore, in addition to the approved J3 project contents, we have added locations in western part of the island where most of the inhabitants live, and commercial activities are prominent.

3.4 The Project Team

3.4.1 From Vanuatu Government. Name Designation Organization Mr.Jackson Miake Manager ICT OGCIO Mr.John Jack Manager Projects OGCIO Mr. Paul Henry Staff Technician OGCIO Ms Esline Garaebiti Manager VMGD Ms. Patricia Mawa Manager Engineering VMGD Mr. Patterson IP Engineer VMGD Mr. Loic Jimmy Power System Technician VMGD Mr.Brad Partridge UAP Consultant TRR Mr. Rodrigue Moliva Technical Officer TVL

3.4.2 APT experts from JTEC Dr. Kader Hiroshi Pramanik Advisor, ICT affairs JTEC Mr. Minoru Takahara Vice President JTEC Mr. Masato Tamura Director, ICT JTEC Mr. Yoshinori Maejima CEO MaechanNet Inc.

3.5 Information dissemination process

The picture information received from both the cameras are stored at the VMGD repository and will be placed on the Geohazards website. Since no internet connection exists at the White Sands area, the required network equipment will be provided and installed at the new ICT station. The information received from VMGD both in normal situation as well as in case of Emergency will be displayed on a Large Screen LCD Monitor for dissemination to the local communities is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: Information dissemination to the disaster prone area

3.6 Broadband Internet access to schools

Wi-Fi system will be installed at the ICT station, which will assist the community and the school to gather information independently. The school has an IT room where they will be able to access Internet for studies and research. The school IT room in turn will be used as an ICT station for the community. The tourists visiting the volcano will be able to collect information at the ICT station as well as to upload their own materials using the Internet Wi-Fi. The nearby French medium primary school will be able to receive the Wi-Fi signal and they will be in a position to be connected to the Internet. The overall topology structure is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Broadband Internet Access Configuration of Tanna (J3)

3.7 Broadband Internet access to remote health Center

The only local health Center is about 1km from this ICT station location. This health Center is located on the way to the ocean, which is the route to emergency evacuation via the sea at the time the road to White Grass airport on the west side of the Island become inaccessible. Thereby considering the safety of the local residents and the visitors to the area, in the event of any evacuation, people take the escape path via ocean and therefore the link to the health Center certainly is a major communication means when the road becomes inaccessible due to emergency.

3.8 Broadband access to western Tanna

The newly introduced facilities within the project are very important for disaster mitigation and business support assisting digital economy. The network will also provide broadband wireless access, and will be available to collect and send related information to Port Vila. These locations would be ideal locations for installing information collection and dissemination facilities. Moreover, the security of the facilities is better as the locations at the newly introduced locations are also Government owned. The Provincial Government. at Isangel, and the Tanna White Grass Airport where the VMGD METEO Center is located, will be able to avail broadband access. Visitors in these areas will be able to access Internet to communicate through the world according to their respective needs. The picture shown here is the airport building that houses the METEO office and a few other Government. functions.

Picture: The Tanna White Grass Airport building (damaged by cyclone PAM 2015)

3.9 Outline of total network system

Port Vila is on Optical Fiber connection connecting to the world through the Southern Cross cable network branching point in Fiji as shown below. The Tanna Island is connected via TVL microwave network but the project sites are not connected, and therefore this pilot project connected the locations providing broadband Internet service.

Port Vila to Fiji with (Fibre Optic Cable) TVL Microwave to Tanna

The status at the project sites The project site, Mt. Yasur is an active volcanic cane, 365 m altitude, with a base about 1.5 km wide located at Lat14.15°S, Lon167.30°E. Intense activity ‘was reported in 1974, 1975 and in 1977. Activity is again intense since the beginning of the year 1994 and the latest heavy eruption was in 2009. In 2016 it again became active and as of December 2016 access to the crater is restricted to 2km.The following figure shows the location of the project sites in Tanna.

The wireless network used as INTRANET access circuit to continuously pull real time volcano information from the cameras directly and no one at the school /hospital will be able to access these raw pictures. The INTERNET will provide access network to transmit receive data trough through the network which will be used to disseminate information from the VMGD/ NDMO to the sites in particular, and the public in general. The Wi-Fi will also be used as housekeeping communication. The Wi-Fi (Internet) will be used to confirm the operational state of the system regularly. The school Principal will be in charge of the ICT station and will be able to communicate to the Authority in case of any irregularity of the network.

The project is designed to realize the following. 1. Real time data collection using Installed monitoring equipment and broadband network 2. Disseminate desired data along with other necessary information related to Yasur Volcano, seismic variations, cyclone and Meteorological information to keep informed and alert the residents at the White Sands area in case of emergency. 3. Exchange information in the event of emergency, and guide the public to safety as well as providing timely information on any medical assistance that may require to the injured due to unforeseen accidents. 4. Keep updates the residents as well as tourists visiting the volcano area, and provide real time information through the Information Station to be developed during this APT J3 Pilot project. 5. Upon the success of this project, Vanuatu plans to replicate it for other volcanoes in the country leading to public safety in the region.

As in the figure, the camera related data contents shown red line (top) can be controlled by setting appropriate QoS parameters. This will not hamper the data flow for information dissemination (green line) irrespective of the Internet traffic shown blue line (middle) in the figure. The Government will decide the Internet services and charges (if any) for the public later. It could be a PAY network or a free Wi-Fi that may be useful for the individual users.

Chapter 4 Design and implementation of the Project

4.1 Project Outline

The network will include two cameras at two locations as shown in Fig.10. Unlike the NDMO camera, this network will include broadband access to the ICT station sites and Internet will be made available at a minimal cost to be decided by the government. There will be clear demarcation between the Information center uses and the access to all others. This is the case where, the two cameras will be able to send signals via separate route to the TVL tower and put together to send to VMGD Port Vila.

4.2 The four basic functions of the Pilot Project

1. Information gathering from site to the national Center, i.e. uplink, which is the most important in emergency to stream information upward and achieving at the VMGD to disseminate over the network. 2. Information dissemination to the White Sands area of Tanna Island, which will keep the community updated about the emergency and the relief supply situation when so required. 3. Broadband Internet access to the schools and the community, which will help people to access the media to gather information, enhance business activities and acquire knowledge. The schools nearby will be able to equip their IT facilities with Internet connection as well as use it as ICT Station to narrow digital divide in the island locality. 4. Broadband Internet access to the hospital will help the medical staff to communicate in case of emergency as well as in their daily routine medical activities as an e-health application.

Considering the functions above functions, the network is planned to be as follows. 1) Information gathering: Continuous monitoring of Tanna Volcanic activities using a Thermal Camera to be installed at the crater rim, and another high definition (HD) camera to be installed at the newly developed ICT station within the Ienaula Jr. Secondary School located in the White Sands area of Eastern Tanna, Tafea Province. The School is located approx. 2km away from the volcano and has clear line of site. The signals from both the cameras will be sent to VMGD Port Vila intranet network function to store in the Government repository, and achieve it accordingly in the newly introduced system. 2) Information dissemination: The picture information received from both the cameras and stored at the VMGD repository, achieve it in the repository, and will be placed on the Geohazards website. Since no internet connection exists at the White Sands area, network equipment will be provided and installed at the new ICT station. The information received from VMGD both in normal situation as well as in case of Emergency will be displayed on a Large Screen LCD Monitor for dissemination to alert the local communities. 3) Broadband Internet access to schools: Wi-Fi system is installed at the ICT station, which will assist the community and the school to gather information independently. The school has an IT room where they are able to access Internet for studies and research. The school IT room in turn will be used as a TeleCenter for the community. The tourists visiting the volcano will be able to collect information at the ICT station as well as to upload their own materials using the Internet Wi-Fi. The nearby French medium primary school will be able

to receive the Wi-Fi signal and they will be in a position to be connected to the Internet. The structure is shown in Figure 2 and the School IT room as ICT Station is shown in Figure 3.

Block Diagram of the System

4.3 Project Formulation and Coordination Structure

In order to make efficient use and get the maximum out of the limited APT funds, the Pilot Project is planned to introduce broadband Internet access to bridge digital divide in the Island. The Pilot Project will also provide networks and facilities to monitoring Tanna volcanic activities and disseminating timely information to local residents improving their safety and timely evacuation when so required. In the event of any evacuation situation, people also take the escape path via ocean and therefore the link to the hospital will certainly be a major communication means when the only road becomes inaccessible.

4.3.1 Support by the government to the project

1) During the project activities and after the project is completed, the Government will provide personnel support. 2) The Government will cover the cost of the network for the information pick up and information dissemination. 3) The government negotiates with landowners for effective implementation including installation of infrastructure and equipment. 4) The Government assured safety of the Japanese experts. 5) The Government do coordination with local authorities and communities. 6) After the opening of the center, the government will align this project into the current school connectivity program as part of the implementation of the UAP program with ownership of this program to the school principal. 7) Other related activities encountered during project activities as well as after the project completion.

4.3.2 Individual site facilities

Port Vila 1) To connect the network with VMGD network and coordinate data achieving with the J3 project activities. 2) Include image archiving at VMGD using observation image server to be able to obtain archived data efficiently when so desired. 3) The VMGD/METEO will receive information of Tanna areas, will put it on the local network for Government information, and will put on the Internet (web pages) which will be accessible by general public at Tanna as well as from all over the world. This will be used to issue emergency alert and information for the public

Tanna 1) Communities will gain access to the VMGD Geohazards and weather related information at all times to meet the needs of people living in White Sands area. This information is essential for their safety, security, and general well-being ensuring that Geohazards and Meteorological data are effectively applied to Vanuatu’s national goals. 2) The entire large community White Sands of Tanna Island will gain access to broadband Internet via wireless technology using prepaid Internet accounts. Local community will have broadband access at the ICT station at the school, and will have Wi-Fi capability to connect to their independent business networks. 3) The establishment of public Wi-Fi Hotspots will serve more visitors, residents, commercial customers, and frequent tourists that drop by due to the attraction of the active volcano. 4) The Tafea provincial Government as well as the community of White Sands will be able to be better equipped for the volcano disaster mitigation. 5) The students of the Secondary Schools will be able to research on par with most secondary students in town who already have Internet access and will thus increase grades. The ability to access the Internet for the students will create a connection to the world that most students here have never been able to have before due to the remoteness of the island and lack of communication. 6) This project is expected to have a tremendous positive impact for the entire Republic of Vanuatu by establishing a successful, cost-effective model for volcano monitoring and a few other ICT applications.

The School Universal Access Policy and school network 1) TRR decides and coordinate on the connection and speed of the network in line with the existing policies and procedures. 2) The TRR & the school coordinate to the uses of the ICT room for community application purpose in order to to attain better performance and optimal use. 3) School facilities in the ICT room will be connected directly via LAN at the expense of the school (MOE).

The Airport METEO The VMGD/METEO office at the Tanna White Grass airport is connected to receive VMGD intranet as well as Internet. A large size monitor installed at the airport METEO will display the current status as and when any such need arises. The Wi-Fi at the airport will be covered with a Wi-Fi for the public.

All other locations the network will be available for Internet, and VMGD information will be available over the Internet. 29

4.4 Site status review

4.4.1 Actual status at one of the communication tower site

Installed Tower at school ICT station Installed Tower at Health Center

New tower under construction at Hill 495 (2016)

Tower destroyed during the cyclone PAM in (2015)

4.4.2 Situation at Yasur Volcano 2014, 2015,2016

Yasur Volcano during survey around the crater. Accessible with occasional light burst (2015).

Yasur Volcano as seen from Ienaula School during survey (2014).

Yasur as seen from Ienaula School during installation (2016). Not accessible since Feb 2016

4.5 The Pilot Project design

In order to make efficient use and get the maximum benefit out of the limited APT funds, the Pilot Project provides networks and facilities to monitor volcanic activities of Yasur and disseminating timely information to local residents which is expected to improve safety of the local residents, assist immediate and timely evacuation from dangers when so required. The Pilot Project introduced Broadband Internet access to bridge digital divide in the Island of Tanna. In the event of any evacuation situation, people will be updated with most recent information and will help escape via ocean. The link to the health Center will certainly be a major communication means when the only road to the area becomes inaccessible in the event of an emergency due to volcanic hazard or cyclone disaster.

Figure 4.1 The Planned network configuration

With the introduction of broadband access, the people in the island of Tanna will be able to enhance their activities as follows. 1) Communities will gain access to the Geohazards and METEO related information at all times to meet the needs of people living in the area. This information is essential for their safety, security, and general well-being ensuring public safety. 2) The entire large community at White Sands area will gain access to broadband Internet access via wireless technology. Local community will have broadband access at the ICT Station, and also will have Wi-Fi access to connect to their independent business networks. 3) The establishment of public Wi-Fi Hotspots will serve more visitors, residents, commercial customers, and frequent tourists that drop by due to the attraction of the active volcano. 4) The Tafea provincial Government as well as the community of White Sands will be able to be better equipped for the volcano disaster mitigation. 5) The students of the Secondary Schools will be able to research on par with most secondary students in town who already have Internet access and will thus increase grades. The ability to access the Internet for the students will create a connection to the world that most students here have never been able to have before due to the remoteness of the island and lack of communication.

6) Along with other ICT applications, the community will have a tremendous positive impact upon the completion of this project. Vanuatu and in turn other countries will be able to follow this example where such active volcano exists.

The headquarters of VMGD will be able to collate the new data information with VMGD existing information, coordinate data achieving with the newly installed OBIS server at VMGD, and use them at their will and need.

4.6 Installation, Testing and Commissioning 4.6.1 Equipment included in the Project

Item Component Unit Remarks # (YAS) Infrared lenz, 135mm lenz 1 Spare lenz included MOBOTIX Camera # (LONI) 135mm lenz, 65mm lenz 1 # (PVM) Camera body Nikon V3 2 Spare unit included # Remote control moving arm 2 Spare unit included # 32mm lenz and teleconvertion adapter 1 # Camer controller PC 1 HD Camera System # Camera housing case 1 # Picture archive OBIS server 3 # Gateway (router) 1 # DC-DC convertor 1 12V - 48V # AC-DC convertor 48V 2 Spare unit included # IP remote control power S/W 1 Long Range Wireless LAN # Breeze Access VL AU (Master unit) 2 Management License (Alvarister) in Vanuatu (Alvarion) # Breeze Access VL SU (Subscriber unit) 8 Management License (Alvarister) in Vanuatu Gigabit Ethernet switch 24 port 6 Gigabit switch 8 port 4 Network Equipment Wall mount cabinet 6 Unshielded patch panel 24 port 6 Pico Station M2HP 6 Desktop PC HP 400 G2 3 Software Office Std 2013 3 Display monitor 24 inch (Samsung) 3 Laptop PC HP250 G3 8 Computer, Display and Tablet PC 2 Peripheral Equipment LED TV 40 inch (Samsung) 1 LED TV 32 inch (Samsung) 2 UPS 750W 1 Voltage regulator 1200VA 7 Guyed pole mast (12m) 1 Civil & installation works included Tower Materials, Guyed pole mast (20m) 1 Civil & installation works included Fabrication & Logistics Small poles for roof mounting 3 1500W system for Ienaula School 1 Solar panels (250W x 6) Solar power system 150W system for Yasur Crater 1 Solar panels (90W x 2) Inverter 350W 48V Phoenix 2 # Purchsed in Japan

4.6.2 Point-to-Multipoint broadband wireless access, Link and capacity

Site Connection Type Capacity Remarks White Sands Health Hill 552_AU 4 MB Internet Connection Center Ienaula School & ICT Hill 552_AU 4 MB Internet Connection Station Camera @ Ienaula Ienaula Camera connected to E.Gov Hill 552_AU 2 MB School (for Crater) VPN Network HD Camera @ HD Camera connected to E.Gov VPN Hid Switch 2 MB Hill 552 Network White Grass Airport Hill 495_AU* 2 MB Connected to E.Gov VPN Network METEO Station

Isangel VMGD Hill 495_Au** 2 MB Connected to E.Gov VPN Network

Connected to TVL Network Lenakel Coop Hill 495_Au** 2 MB Infrastructure

* Temporarily connected via a Nano link. It will be replaced by Hill 495_Au connection after the new tower is operational. ** OGCIO will supervise the operational status once the New Tower at Hill 495 is operational.

4.6.3 Equipment configuration at each location

Equipment configuration at VMGD Port Vila

Equipment configuration at Hill 495

Equipment configuration at Hill 552

Equipment configuration at Ienaula School

Equipment configuration at Isangel, Lenakel Coop, White Sands Health Center

Equipment configuration at Tanna Airport VMGD

Equipment configuration at Yasur Rim

After installation and commissioning, data from sites are visible on the Monitor at VMGD in Port Vila as shown in the picture. This type of picture will be made available on the VMGD web pages and everyone will be able to see as and when desired. The pictures at every 30 seconds are automatically and continuously stored 24/7 in the installed repository server. The server data can be viewed and monitored by clicking on the icon as shown in item 4.7.

Optical camera picture Thermal camera picture

HD camera picture at night (8km) HD camera picture during day (8km)

4.7 Network design, adjustments and modifications

The network was originally designed only to connect east Tanna (White Sands) area to collect information from the volcano and disseminate to residents around as follows and as shown in the figure designated as east Tanna.

1) Information gathering from site to the national Center, i.e. uplink, which is the most important in emergency to stream information upward and achieving at the VMGD to disseminate over the network. 2) Information dissemination to the White Sands area of Tanna Island, which will keep the community updated about the emergency and the relief supply situation when so required. 3) Broadband Internet access to the school and the community in White Sands, which will help people to access the media to gather information, enhance business activities and acquire knowledge. The schools nearby will be able to equip their IT facilities with Internet connection as well as use it as community centers to narrow digital divide in the region.

4) Broadband Internet access to the health Center will help the medical staff to communicate in case of emergency as well as in their daily routine medical activities as an e-health application. 5) The Icons in the pictures is shown at every 10mins but the data is stored and available at every 30secs. The hourly data as well as the daily data can be pulled from the server by clicking on the hour figures, say 4:oo AM. The latest image is always shown on the top of the frame and past images can be picked up by clicking the "Back Number" button.

Server data preview of Optical +Thermal Camera (Data 4:00-9:00am is shown here)

Server data preview of Hill 552 Camera (Data 0:00-6:00am is shown here)

However, while the project is in the first stage and going to be implemented, the Cyclone PAM destroyed the facilities and establishments all around the country causing a total standstill and ultimately the post disaster mitigation started leaving all other activities aside and so happened with this project. As the things were getting stable, the Government requested the APT for additional assistance so that the western Tanna where, among other locations, the airport and a VMGD/ METEO office is housed can be covered within the project. Accordingly, APT approved the request as a very exceptional case when the network was formulated and redesigned as shown in the figure above covering both eastern and western part of Tanna.

Recent status of Yasur accessibility where no access permitted within 2km.

(Ref: http://www.geohazards.gov.vu/index.php/resources)

4.8 Relocation of HD camera

After the HD camera was installed and receiving pictures from the Volcano it was the best on weather without wind. It was realised after a month that the wind keep on blowing towards Hill 552 where the camera was installed it became almost impossible to see the volcano due to heavy ash. It was even worst on rainy/windy days where the camera was not very usuful. Meanwhile, the VMGD took decision that the HD camera could be relocated to Port Vila and be installed facing the Port Vila Bay-mouth to monitor water level that will be very useful to observe tides and Tsunami or even heavy low pressure situation. Therefore, a new camera was installed at the Hill 552 relocating the HD camera to Port Vila. The picture data is being stored in the server and the accumulated pictures are shown here. The name of the camera was given as PVM (Port Vila METEO). The camera at this location is directly wired to the server and therefore no wireless equipment was required and only IP set up was enough in this case of the camera. Server data preview of HD Camera at VMGD

Relocated HD camera at VMGD

Harbor view picture from HD camera

Picture archive server x 3

Chapter 5 Achievements and Impact

5.1 Achievements and Impact

Site survey and discussions performed during the first visit of the Japanese experts to Vanuatu, between, Pilot Project partners (OGCIO, VMGD, TVL and TRR), Provincial Authorities, and White Grass Community local leaders. It covered analysis and finalization of current Government. plans and goals for disaster management, tourism development and other needs. JTEC experts met with local community leaders regarding the new Information station monitoring Yasur volcano activities, and subsequent introduction of a Information Station concept. The team developed a plan for Model Information Station to be established in the designated locality of Tanna, which could be replicated in other volcanoes in Vanuatu later. This proposal to include camera image archiving at VMGD Port Vila using observation image server so that the data can be pulled out when so desired. Based on these consultations, an implementation strategy, and the disaster preparedness basic guidelines for public safety were put in line.

Solar power system, to be completed within the first two months of the project in preparation for the second visit of the Japanese experts to Vanuatu. Wi-Fi facilities were planned for a few locations.

5.2 Implementation and adjustments

This phase focus on the implementation of the Model Disaster information center, completed through the third visit of JTEC experts to Vanuatu, when there will be an opening ceremony to celebrate the inauguration of the facilities. Basic technology transfer discussions and onsite hands on lessons (advice) was conducted at the sites during and after the installations. Follow up meetings through electronic media were conducted with the Japanese experts, and key administration staff at the OGCIO including monitoring and evaluation matters. All time information about volcano as well as tropical cyclones is to make available at the center. Broadband Internet access through jointly created Hot Spots will be provided to use Internet using prepaid cards (accounts) later.

5.3 Achievements

Information from all sources such as Seismic, Geohazards, METEO, Flash Floods etc. is gathered at the VMGD. In this project information pictures from the installed 24/7 camera and the thermal camera will be received at the VMGD automatically. The NDMO/VMGD will put the information on the web along with other available media. The Information stations monitor as proposed in this J3 project will be able to display those 24hours.The PCs there will be able to get the information through the Wi-Fi network as proposed in this project. In Port Vila, the network will be terminated at VMGD, consolidated with the existing i- Government network to coordinate data achieving with the J3 project outcome. It will add image archiving at VMGD using observation image server to be able to obtain archived data efficiently when so desired.

However, after the cyclone, a number of countries came to assist the country where a few locations were connected by new BB service. Therefore, two sites in west Tanna were again planned relocated. Details are explained in the implementation chapter.

5.4 Different Phases of the Project

Phase 1 accomplished during the first visit of the Japanese experts to Vanuatu, and meet stakeholders, Pilot Project partners OGCIO, VMGD, TVL, Provincial Authorities, White Grass Community local leaders including the Tanna Airport where VMGD office is located. The visit included analysis and finalization of existing plans and goals for disaster management, ICT station, tourism development assisting commercial activities and related activities. JTEC experts met the local community leaders and members regarding the new Information station with Yasur volcano activities and Meteorological information gathering at the white Sands area. The Japanese team along with the local counterparts surveyed all the planned locations, and worked out design concepts for all the sites to design appropriate functions according to the Brunei Darussalam statement. The team developed a design for Model Information Station to be established in the designated locality of Tanna, which could be implemented in other volcanoes in Vanuatu later. This phase also included image archiving server at VMGD using monitoring image server where data will be stored which can be viewed any time. Based on the consultations, an implementation strategy, and the disaster preparedness and evacuation guidelines using the new system were worked out.

Phase 2 is the provisioning of installation of the Information Station and networking equipment according to the design of the Phase 1, and Internet connectivity means for other needs. Solar power system, completed within a few months before the installation starts.

Phase 3 This phase focused on the implementation finalization of all the locations including testing and commissioning of the Model ICT Station (Disaster information center), during third visit of JTEC experts to Vanuatu, when an opening ceremony was organized to inaugurate the facilities. Meetings were conducted with the Japanese experts, and key administration officials at the OGCIO, TVL.OGCIO to utilise and the sustainability of the network. Information about volcano activities as well as tropical cyclones be available at the center at all times. Broad band Internet access is relised by installing Wi-Fi system at the designated locations.

5.5 Impact

Seamless information gathering from the volcano site to the national center is very important and need to deliver disaster information to the public at site as quickly as possible. Information dissemination to the White Sands area of Tanna Island, which will keep the community updated about the emergency and necessary relief supply status when so required. This network for gathering and timely disseminating of information will have tremendous impact to the people, which will give them assurance of appropriate services from the government. Broadband Internet access to the schools and the community bring people closer to the world media to gather information, enhance business activities and acquire knowledge. The schools nearby will be able to equip their IT facilities with Internet connection as well as use it as ICT Station to narrow digital divide in the island locality. 42

Lenekel Coop location is the business hub of Tanna where people where people gathers for their day-to-day business. The Wi-Fi at this location will help people to have better communication, which will improve business quality and expansion. It is expected that people will use internet, build homepages that will introduce online shopping and selling of Tanna products outside. Broadband Internet access to the hospital will help the remotely located medical staff in their daily routine medical activities as an e-health application, and most importantly in case of emergency. The connection to the VMDG airport will keep the airport with updated information on volcano and any other weather related information. The Internet access at the airport provides network access to the passengers as well as public around which will provide information especially during cyclone season as well as about the volcanic eruption on situation to the tourists.

5.6 Sustainability

The installed wireless broadband system is now added to the Vanuatu i-Government network which is and will make the system sustainable with regular operation and maintenance by the TVL. As in other cases with the i-Government network in the country, TVL will look after the system and OGCIO will support for necessary spares and support. The facilities at the White Sands junior high school premises will be looked after by the school authorities for physical security, which will keep up the ICT station operation sustainable. The TVL nationwide network is already providing connectivity for e-Government network and other national needs, therefore, it has been agreed that similar cooperation for this system will be available from the TVL through the OGCIO. Thus, VMGD/METEO will keep an eye on the data and operational status, OGCIO will assist on needs for system operation stability with necessary spare parts and TVL will manage the O & M for the system making the system highly sustainable in the future.

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Chapter 6 Accounts Report

6.1 Summary of Accounts Report

Category Items Plan (USD) Result (USD) 1.Planning & Investigation 0

2.Equipment procurement 118,100 116,219 Camera & Server 26,000 --Mobotix Camera 13,948 --HD Camera System 19,560 Wireless Broadband Equipment 41,700 36,197 Switch, Router, Prepherals 5,700 2,937 PC and Display 10,200 8,490 Solar Power System 11,000 11,238 Poles and Installation Works 23,500 22,104 Other equipment, tools 1,745

3.Shipping Fee 17,000 7,843 Japan to Port Vila 12,000 7,676 Port Vila to Tanna 5,000 167

4.Business Trips Travel Costs for Experts 47,100 62,982

5.Miscellaneous 9,100 4,256 Administration cost, other expenditure 4,256

Total ammount 191,300 191,300

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Chapter 7 Conclusions and Recommendations

7.1 Conclusions This pilot project started with introducing physical volcano monitoring and sending information to the east Tanna area on any ensuing danger or emergency. The establishment of an Information Station is for displaying volcanic activity information as well as providing other Government information locally. The required and Internet connectivity means for such needs and providing internet connectivity to the schools, health centers, airport and other community. The network is completed and made operational with the cooperation of Vanuatu stakeholders and the Japanese experts. Since the project launched in 2014 and started its first phase, the devastating cyclone PAM heavily destroyed the country's infrastructure and the project sites were of no exception. This unprecedented natural event delayed the project by about one year and with the understanding of APT and Japanese Government the project activities were able to continue. During the project, all the sites were made operational providing services as planned. Still there are bits and pieces to sort out but it will be done in due course. The White Sands secondary school is now having Internet connection for their studies and communication, which will improve quality of education of the students. The teachers will be able to take on line programs for their further studies. The White Sands health center connecting to the network with Internet facilities where the medical staff and others will be able to do their job more efficiently and effectively to save lives. The METEO office at the Tanna White Grass airport in now connected with the VMGD/METEO headquarters via broadband enabling to display the information on Monitors and able to keep airport uses updated on real time situation on the spot. Other locations will avail the benefits as stated in this report. This pilot project is very successful although faced a series of challenges owing to the remoteness of the sites of the island, encounters natural events like cyclone, unforeseen volcanic eruptions. The Government will look forward to see the optimal use of the system and where possible to expand similar model to other volcanic area within the country.

7.2 Recommendations from the Japanese experts During the present survey and study, cooperation from the governments and organizations was extremely friendly and useful which leads to the successful implementation of Workshops and conducting interviews leading to the success of the mission. There are acute needs and greater expectations of the use of ICT systems expressed by each Government and enterprises. These expectations and needs should be shared within APT and member countries, and between the other members, which will lead to better understanding in international cooperation. This pilot project first its kind in Vanuatu by APT could lead to an opportunity resolving issues on the island nations human security. There are many intricate matters and confidential information that can be discussed separately as and when so required.

References

1. CIA World Fact book, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/ resources/the-world- factbook/html 2. SPC climate change and disaster risk management support activities in Pacific Island countries and territories 2013, Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) 3. Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030, Government of the Republic of Vanuatu. 4. Satellite technology for telecommunications in humanitarian operations, United Nations World Food Program (WFP) http://www.un-spider.org/ 5. http://weltrisikobericht.de/english/ 6. Pramanik, Kader H; Satellite Based Telecommunications System for Disaster Management and Climate Change Applications for the South Pacific Island Nations, Doc. code 4.07, Connect Asia Pacific Summit 2013, Bangkok Thailand

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