A Line of Smiths
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A Line of Smiths The Ancestors of Dick Smith A Line of Smiths The Ancestors of Dick Smith Cora Num 1999 First published 1999 Copyright © Cora Num 1999 All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the copyright holder ISBN O9585235 2 5 Published by Cora Num 17 Pendred Street Pearce ACT 2607 AUSTRALIA e-mail [email protected] Web site at http://www.pcug.org.au/--dnum Cover Illustration: Charles Henry Hector Smith and Alma Gudgeon 18 December 1912 Table of Contents Introduction Chart 1 - Smith Line Elizabeth Connor (c1762-c1808) 1 Michael Connor {c1747-1829) 5 Roger Connor {c1778-1851) 13 John Cook (1796-1862) and Martha Vagg (1816-1873) 19 Christopher W Gudgeon ( 1859-1924) and Mary J Whittaker ( 1860-1932) 27 Henry Gudgeon (1832-1922) and Sarah Porter (1834-1905) 29 Richard Norris (1778-1843) 35 Thomas Norris ( 1805-1890) and Elizabeth S Connor ( 1811-1876) 47 Henry Power (1820-1904) and Elizabeth M Norris (1827-1891) 53 Elizabeth Ryan (1782-1836) 57 John Ryan (c1767- ?) 61 Charles Smith (1835-1897) and Mary E Cook (1841-1915) 71 Charles H H Smith (1883-1933) and Alma Gudgeon (1891-1941) 79 Herbert Stanley Smith (1916-1998) 85 William C Smith (1860-1933) and Florence Power (1861-1926) 93 John Whittaker (1825-1908) and Eliza Bradley (1824-1902) 97 Mary Williams (1788-1863) 101 Sarah Woolley {c1TT0-1809) 109 Bibliography 115 Index 121 Chart 2 - Cazneaux Line Introduction My uncle, or my father's brother, Mr Dudley Smith commenced researching the Smith family history in 1980. He did an extremely thorough job spending many hours in libraries and archives including the libraries of the Society of Australian Genealogists, the Heraldry & Genealogy Society of Canberra, the National Library of Australia and St Mary's Archives, Sydney. He was also corresponded with, but never met, many distant relatives who generously shared their family information with him. My uncle extends his grateful thanks to these relatives for their assistance over the years. He was kind enough to give me a copy of his research and I then engaged Don Mountain to do preliminary work formatting his research into a book. Don suggested that the research could be extended and it was sent to professional genealogist Cora Num who researched and documented our family history in Australia through this collection of biographies and family charts. The in-depth research takes my forebears back to First Fleeter convict John Ryan and to eight other direct ancestors, male and female, who were transported to Australia. My First Fleet ancestor, John Ryan, was seventeen years of age when he was sentenced to seven years transportation for stealing a woollen coat and hat, valued at thirteen shillings. I am delighted to have been involved in the completion of this project. Dick Smith June 1999 Transportation as a reformatory system failed but as a means ofmaking men outwardly honest, ofconverting vagabonds most useless in one country, into active citizens ofanother, and thus giving birth to a new and splendid country, it has succeeded to a degree unparalleled in history. Charles Darwin Chart 1 A Line of Smiths The following biographies of the ancestors of Dick Smith are arranged alphabetically Elizabeth Connor (c1762-c1808) Elizabeth Connor, wife of Michael Connor (qv), arrived in Sydney on 28 June 1790 with the Second Fleet aboard the ship Neptune. Nothing is known about her background, date of birth,1 place of birth, or maiden name. The Smith family oral tradition relates that Elizabeth was Spanish and that her son Roger (qv) was born on Gibraltar. There was another son named James Connor.2 Elizabeth accompanied her husband Michael to the colony. He was convicted at the Old Bailey, London of stealing an iron bar in April 1788 and sentenced to seven years transportation. A month later while awaiting transportation he escaped from Newgate Gaol by slipping out the gates when they were opened for visitors to leave. This followed several visits from Elizabeth who was experiencing great distress and hardship trying to look after herself and their three small children following Michael's imprisonment. Michael was recaptured two months later in Bainbridge Street, St Giles where he was employed shovelling mortar. He was tried with being found at large and sentenced to death. Fortunately this was reprieved a year later to transportation for life.3 He sailed with the Second Fleet aboard the ship Scarborough II. When Michael's sentence of death was reprieved Elizabeth was destitute, facing the prospect of being left alone in England with three young children. Under these circumstances she was fortunate to be offered the opportunity to accompany her husband to New South Wales when the Secretary of State advised the naval agent that there was space available on the Neptune for up to forty more women. The male convicts were told that they could bring their wives on the voyage and that they would be supported by the Government on the same basis as the female convicts. If insufficient wives availed themselves ofth e offer de-facto wives would be accepted. Only six wives and thirteen children sailed with the Fleet, Elizabeth Connor one of them. It is not known if all three of her children embarked, only son Roger Connor is recorded in the colony.4 On board the Neptune Elizabeth was housed with the convict women in a section ofth e upper deck. Rations consisted of flour, bread, pork, salt beef, pease, butter, rice and soap. The women were organised into mess groups of six and each mess received a weekly ration of a quarter a pound of tea and three pounds of brown sugar. They were supplied with unfashionable but functional clothing which consisted of a striped jacket, a striped petticoat, a pair of stays, a hat, two flannel petticoats, two shifts, two handkerchiefs, two pairs ofstockings, shoes and a bag. 5 Elizabeth and her son Roger's fellow passenger aboard the Neptune was convict Sarah Woolley (qv) who became Roger's mother in law when he married her daughter Elizabeth Ryan (qv) in 1810. See Sarah's biography for detailed information on the voyage of th e Neptune. The Second Fleet was known as The Death Fleet because ofth e high mortality rate suffered by the convicts (26% compared with 2.8% for the First Fleet). Nearly 40% of those landed from the Second Fleet were dead within eight months of arrival. The convicts suffered cruelty and mistreatment due to government cost cutting measures, official carelessness and private greed. 1 Age estimate based on Elizabeth being sixteen years of age when Roger was born cl 778 and being forty two when Margaret was born in 1804. 2 Descendant Dud Smith's research. Efforts to document this have failed. It is possible that her husband Michael served with the British Army during the American War of Independence possibly at the siege of Gibraltar (1779-1783) when Spain became involved because of their American colonial possessions. 3 Old Bailey Proceedings, part one, reel 17, pp 361-362, 668-669, 980. 4 FLYNN Michael C, The Second Fleet, p 31. Ibid p 34. 1 Inappropriate and insufficient rations led to disease and death. The Neptune's male convicts in particular suffered gross inhumanity at the hands of the captain Donald Trail, a former slave ship captain who has been described as a demented sadist. Elizabeth, Michael and Roger were lucky to survive the harrowing voyage and it is likely, though unrecorded, that two of their young children did not survive the voyage to the colony. On landing at Sydney Cove the convicts who did not require hospitalisation were billeted among the First Fleeters who had established huts or houses or were sent to the new settlement at Rose Hill (renamed Parrarnatta) where huts that housed four or more convicts had been constructed. It is not known if the Connors were initially housed as a family or if Michael was kept with the other convicts. Michael and Elizabeth bad at least four children born in the colony, George Connor (1794), Charles Connor (1797), Michael Connor (1801) and Margaret Connor (1804). There may have been others who died in infancy or early childhood. An infant Mary Connor was buried at St John's Church of England, Parrarnatta on 11 April 1792. 7 Her parents are not documented. Very little is known about their life in the colony up until 1797 when Michael received a conditional pardon. Life for Elizabeth and Michael changed after April 1798 when Michael was granted eighty acres ofland in the Eastern Farms district at Kissing Point (now Meadowbank).8 By 1800 Elizabeth and Michael bad established a productive farm with thirty five pigs, seven sheep, two goats and twelve acres of wheat and twelve acres of maize sown. Michael was listed off government stores with one woman and one child on stores.9 On 25 November 1800 both Michael and Roger enlisted in the New South Wales Corps at Sydney. Michael served as a private and was discharged on 25 April 1803. 10 11 Michael had previous military service prior to his conviction in 1788. It is assumed that they were motivated to join the Corps because of generous land grants that were given to discharged officers and rank and file. During Michael's service Elizabeth and the younger children would have managed the farm, though Michael served in Sydney and would have spent some time at home.