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Biochemical Effect of Nepeta Septemcrenata Growing in South Sinai, Egypt

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Biochemical Effect of Nepeta Septemcrenata Growing in South Sinai, Egypt American Journal of Ethnomedicine, 2015, Vol. 2, No. 3 ISSN: 2348-9502 Available online at http://www.ajethno.com © American Journal of Ethnomedicine Biochemical Effect of Nepeta Septemcrenata Growing in South Sinai, Egypt Abd El-Raouf A. Moustafa*1, HamdyAbd El-Azeem2, Mohamed A. Omran3, Sawsan A. M. Nasr4, Ismail M. Abdel-Nabi3 and Zakaria A. Teleb4 1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University 2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University 3Zoology Department faculty of Science, Suez Canal University 4Biochemistry and Molecular Biology National Organization for Drug Control and Research *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The present study aims to at investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Nepetaseptemcrenata on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defenses, the activities of three lysosmal acid hydrolases and the total protein, DNA and RNA contaent and Hepatic and kidney functions. In this study, three main tests were investigated including; Pharmachological effect of the plant extraction, Biochemical effect of the ethanolic extract and Effect of Nepetaseptemcrenata ethanolic extract on liver lysosomal enzymes, total protein, DNA and RNA. The results reviewed that antipyretic effect is the decreasing of the temperature of the hyperthermic rats, theethanolic extract of Nepetaseptemcenata which given interperotential to rats with inflamed paw in a dose of (1/5 LD50 & 1/10 LD50) significantly decreased the thickness of the inflamed rats' paw as compared with the control group and standard group after 6 hours. The ethanolic extract of Nepetaseptemcrenata in a dose of 1.1 and 50.5 mg/kg, induced protection against writhing response andreaches its maximum effect in a dose of 1.1 mg/kg. In theAntibacterial activity the investigation of antimicrobial activities of Nepetaseptemcrenataextract revealed that it has no activity against S. aureus and a very weak antiseptic action against E. coli. Finally, Nepetaseptemcrenata hasmuch medicinal prosperity. Keywords- Nepetaseptemcenata, Antioxidant, Egypt. INTRODUCTION their extracts have been used for medicinal purposes1. Some species of Nepeta germs Nepeta is one of the most important genera are utilized in folk medicine for treatment of of lamiaceae family with regard to the contusions, rheumatic pains, fever, number of its species. Some species of this cutaneous eruption and some species are 2 genus are important medicinal plants and used for their anti-inflammatory properties . Nepeta plants were prepared as tea and used Page 157 www.ajethno.com American Journal of Ethnomedicine _____________________________ ISSN: 2348-9502 in traditional medicine as anthelmintics, MATERIAL AND METHODS febrifuges, expectorants and to treat bronchitis, bites as well as stings of Pharmacological effect of the plant scorpions3. extraction Nepetaseptemcrenata is an erect This experiment was undertaken to slender plant with branches at base leaves determine the analgesic, antipyretic and anti- are oppositely alternated, ovate with crenate inflammatory activities of the ethanolic or slightly dentate margins. This plant is extract of Nepetaseptemecrenata. Mice were found in Saint Catherine, Sinai, Egypt4. used to measure the analgesic activity, Nepetaseptemcrenata known to be used by whereas rats were selected to measure the the native Bedouins in folk medicine as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities antipyretic, sedative, cardiotonic, eye wash of the extract. Animals of these experiments and as a gargle in sore throat5. An were exposed to the ethanolic extract in isopimarance type diterpence and 7-omethyl doses equal to 101 mg/kg (1/10 LD50) & apigenin were isolated from the ethanolic 50.5 mg/kg (1/20 LD50) for mice and 101 extract of Nepetaseptemcernata herb6,5 mg/kg (1/5 LD50) & 50.5 mg/kg (1/20 LD50) investigated the chemical constituents of &50.5 mg/kg (1/10 LD50) for rats. Thus Nepetaseptemcrenata and 7analyzed the several test activities have been done upon volatile oil of the same plant species8. those animals: Analgesic Activity (Acetic Reported that the lactone- free hot water acid induced writhing test), antipyretic extract of catnip (Nepetacatrina) causes a activity, anti-inflammatory activity and significant decrease in the wakefulness and antimicrobial activity. an increase in sleep behavior, particularly deep sleep. A few members of genus Biochemical effect of the ethanolic extract Nepetaare reported to posses biological Sample of blood were collected activities especially reduction of serum using the orbital sinus technique (Sanford, lipids and inflammatory effects6. 1954) after 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours of Nepetais used in traditional medicine treatments for determining the following as laxative; to treat dysentery, kidney and parameters: Lipid peroxidation as liver diseases and teeth troubles9. Two malondialdehyde content in the blood methods for the preparation of an oral liquid plasma, Glutathione content in blood, used in traditional Chinese medicine called Catalase activity in blood, Cu/Zn-SOD Jingfang that contains Nepetacataria activity in blood, Plasma Total antioxidant species10,11,2 found that Nepetahas anti- capacity, Liver function tests: ALT& AST inflammatory and analgesic activities and Gamma GT activities in plasma and respectively.2 Reported the use of Nepeta in Kidney function tests: Creatinine and Urea folk medicine for treatment of contusions, content in plasma. The method used for estimation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase rheumatic pains, fever, and coetaneous 12 13 eruptions. The main objects of this present activity in blood was described by and . study is:1-Biochemical trail to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic extract of the plant Effect of Nepetaseptemcrenata ethanolic on: Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant extract on liver lysosomal enzymes, total defenses, Hepatic and kidney functions and protein, DNA and RNA. the activities of three lysosmal acid First preparation of liver lysosomal hydrolases and the total protein, DNA and fraction, in which the livers of all animals RNA content. were immediately removed after sacrificing, whole liver samples were perfused in suit Page 158 American Journal of Ethnomedicine _____________________________ ISSN: 2348-9502 with 0.025 M in ice-cold sucrose buffer (pH RESULTS 7.4) and then homogenized for 10 minutes by electric homogenizer and centrifuged at Acute toxicity and LD50: 2500 rpm in a Beckman refrigerating After interperitoneal administration ultracentrifuge (Model J2-21) for 15 of ethanolic extract of Nepetaseptemcrenata minutes14,15. Secondly, preparation of the in mice, (Up-down method) LD50 was found total lysosomal enzymes in which the to be 1009.58 mg/kg body weight for mice solutions were freezed and thawed for three and 504.79 mg/kg for rats. successive times to rupture the lysosmal membranes; centrifugation was done at Pharmacological screening of Nepetas- 19.000 rpm for 20 minutes at 4°C. The etemcrenata supernatant was separated in aliquota and kept at -20°C for determination of lysosomal (a) The antipyretic effect of Nepeta- Acid phosphtase (ACP), β-galctosida (GAL) septemcrenata and β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (β-NAG) Antipyretic effect is the decreasing enzyme activities. Third, determination of of the temperature of the hyperthermic rats. lysosomal acid hydrolyses activities in The results of the antipyretic effects of the which the activities of ACP, β-GAL and β- tested ethanolic extract (1/5 and 1/10 of NAG were carried out according to the Nepetaseptemcrenata were shown in tables method described by16. Fourth, the fraction (1 and 2). From the tables it was concluded and extraction of intercellular components that alcoholic extract of N. septemcrenta protein, DNA and RNA of liver cells, the when given interaperiotenal to the included modified procedure of17was employed as hyperthermeric rats in both, does produced following: (a) Lipid extraction and (b) the antipyretic effect as shown by decrease Protein extraction (c) RNA extraction (d) in body temperature, when compared to DNA extraction. Fifth, determination of negative and positive control. total proteins was carried out by the method of 18. Sixth, quantitative determination of (b) The anti-inflammatory effect of Nepeta- RNA as the RNA content was measured septemecrenata colourimetrically by the modified orcinol The results of the anti-inflammatory procedure. Seventh, quantitative effect of the plant extract are shown in table determination of DNA, the DNA content (3). From this table it's evident that the was measured following the diphenylamine ethanolic extract of Nepetaseptemcenata procedure described by19. which was given interperotential to rats with inflamed paw in a dose of (1/5 LD50& Statistical analysis 1/10 LD50) significantly decreased the According to the mathematical thickness of the inflamed rats' paw as principles described by Field (2000) all the compared with the control group and data of control and treated groups for standard group after6 hours. both(1/5 LD50& 1/10 LD50) were expresses as mean value± standard error. Student (c) The analgestic Effect of Nepeta- unpaired t- test was used to explain variation septemcrenata between control group and each treated The results of analgesic effect are group (each time of treatment) in all shown in table (4). From the table we can parameters. Also the results were analyzed conclude that, the ethanolic extract of by One-way analysis of (ANOVA test) Nepetaseptemcrenata in a dose of 101 and followed by Tukey-Krameis20.
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