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Lower Triassic Conodont Stratigraphy

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GEOLOGICA BALCANICA, 25. 3-4, Sofia, August. 1995, p. 97-109 Lower Triassic conodont stratigraphy 1 Kiril Budurov , Milan Suda,-2 'Geologica/Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia 1Faculty of Mining and Geology. University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade (submitted 19. 01. 1995; accepted for publication 24. OJ. 1995) K. liyoypoe, II. Cy0a6. Hu:NCHempuac06aJI KOHOOOHmHaJI cmpamui!pa(/jUJI. npoBe,D;eHO KOHO.D;OHTHoe CTpaTHrpacj>H'Iecxoe pac'fJieHeHHe HHliCHero TpHaca c o6cYJK.ll.eHHeM Bonpoca o rpaHHLte nepMb-TpHac. C.D;eJiaHo o6o6w.eHHe H aKTyaJIHJaLtHJI noJI}"feHHbiX .D;aHHbiX Ja nocne.D;HHe ro.n;bl, HO aKLteHT nocTaBJieH Ha pe3yJibTaTbl HCCJie.D;OBaHHJI co6palfHbiX aBTopaMH KOHO.D;OHT H3 fHMaJiaeB H H3 pa3HbiX 'taCTeH EBponbl. KoHBeHLtHOHaJibHall rpaHHI.(a nepMb-TpHac nona.n;aeT B CTpaTHrpacj>H'feCKHH oXBaT Clarkina subcarinata-Anchignathodus typicalis C.-R.-Z., HO xaK aJibHepHaTHBHaJI B03MOlKHOCTb no KOHO.D;OHTaM, aMMOHHTaM H .n;pyrOH cj>ayHe YJCa3aHbl HH3bl Kashmirel/a kumme/i R.-Z. noJIHOe KOHO.D;OH THOe pac'fJieHeHHe HHlKHero TpHaca 060CHOBaHO Ha 14 KOHO.D;OHTHbiX 30Hax, a HMeHHO: .n;JIJI rpHHC6axa (HHlKHHH HHACKHH 11pyc) - C/arkina subcarinata-Anchignathodus typica/is C.-R.-Z., Anchignathodus parvus l.-Z., lsarcicel/a isarcica R.-Z., C/arkina carinata A.-Z.; .n;JIJI .D;HHepcxoro (BepXHHH HHACKHH 11pyc)- Kashmirel/a kummeli R.-Z., N eospathodus dieneri-Neospathodus cristagalli C.-R.-Z. H 'laCTb Kashmirel/a nepalensis R.-Z.; .n;JIJI CMHTCKOfO (HHlKHHH OJieHeKCKHH llpyc) cpe.n;HHe H BepXHHe 'laCTH Kashmirel/a nepa/ensis R.-Z., Neospathodus waageni A.-Z., Scythogondolel/a milleri R.-Z. H Parachirognathus-Furnishius Beds; .D,JIJI cnaTcKoro (BepxHHH oneHeKCKHH .Rpyc) - Neospathodus triangularis-Neospathodus hommeri A.-Z., Platyvil/osus-Foliel/a Beds H Kashmirel/a timorensis R. -Z. YcTaHoBJieHHeM Kashmirel/a gondolelloides R.-Z. npoBe.n;eHa rpaHHLta MelKD.y HHJKHHM H cpe.aHHM TpHaCOM. Abstract. A conodont stratigraphic subdivision of the Lower Triassic is made, and considerations about the Permian{friassic boundary are developed. Data received during the last few years are gener­ alized with emphasis laid on results obtained on conodonts found by the authors in their samples from the Himalayas and different parts of Europe. The conventional Permian{friassic boundary is situated in the stratigraphic range of Clark ina subcarinata-Anchignathodus typicalis C.-R.-Z. although as an alter­ native possibility (based on conodont, ammonite and other faunas) the base of Kashmirella kummeli R.­ Z. is indicated. The conodont subdivision of the Lower Triassic is based upon 14 conodont zones as follows: Clark ina subcarinata-Anchignathodus typica/isC.-R .-Z .,Anchignathodus parvus l.-Z., lsarcicella isarcica R.-Z., Clarkina carinata A.-z. - for the Griesbachian (Lower Induan); Kashmirella kummeli R.-z., Neospathodus dieneri - Neospathodus cristagal/i C.-R.-Z., and parts of Kashmirel/a nepalensis R.-z. - for the Dienerian (Upper lnduan); middle and upper parts of Kashmirel/a nepa/ensis R. -Z., Neospathodus waageni A.-Z., Scythogondolella milleri R.-z. and Parachirognathus - Furnischius Beds -for the Smlthian (Lower Olenekian), and Neospathodus triangularis - Neospathodus hommeri A. -Z., Platyvil/osus- Foliella Beds and Kashmire/la timorensis R.-Z., - for the Spathian (Upper Olenekian). The boundary between the Lower and Upper Triassic is set with proving of theKasmire/la gondolelloides R.-z. Introduction Detailed investigation on Early Triassic conodont fauna provided for this presenta­ tion of our understanding of conodont stratigraphy of the lowermost Triassic. The studies were primarily based on rich collections from various localities (Guryul Ra- 7 Geologica Balcanica, 25, 3-4 97 vine, Mandakpal and Khrew around Srinagar- Jammu and Kashmir State India, collected personally by K. J. Budurov during 1980) of Kashmir Himalayas, and from Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, etc. Moreover, all published data on Early Triassic conodonts have been considered. The so compiled Early Triassic conodont stratigraphy of the Tethyan-Pacific conodont area is a part of the our earlier proposed Triassic con­ odont zonal standard (B u d u r o v et a!., 1983, 1985) and has been partly published several times (B u d u r o v et a!., 1986, 1987, 1988) but never as complete as now. Early Triassic conodont faunas contain the stratigraphically important sepa­ rate-element conodont genera: Anchignathodus, Isarcicella, Neospathodus, Spathoicriodus, Kashmirella, Clarkina and Borinella. With their specific blade and cavitus, representatives ofAnchignathodus possess the aspect of Paleozoic conodonts. Recently, they have been more often considered as components of the multielement genus Hindeodus. The rapid development and the subsequent flourishment of the probably monoelement genera Neospathodus and Kashmirella control the stratigra­ phy within the time span Dienerian Stage -Spathian Stage. These conodonts differ morphologically in a drastic manner from the Griesbachian Anchignathodus and Isarcicella. Representatives of Neospathodus are simply organized, and consist of a thin blade with considerable welded denticles, and a narrow basis which broadens only around the small cavitus. Quite different from them, the species of Kashmirella (with type species Kashmirel/a albertii Budurov, Sudar & Gupta) possess a more massive blade with considerably free denticles and a lateral thickenning near the basis; the basis is broader, often with rectangular outline from the bifurcating loop; thus they are even similar to some Late Triassic platform conodonts. Species ofClarkina penetrate in the Early Triassic, and especially when favoured by the facies control they show a good development; a rapid development during the Smithian and Spathian age show the representatives of Borinella (with type species Neogondolella buurensis Dagis). The proposed (B u d u r o v et a!. 1986, 1987, 1988) Early Triassic conodont zonal standard is based upon the combination of the ranges of taxa of the Early Triassic conodont genera. Conodont successions of the Griesbachian and the Permian-Triassic boundary The boundary beds of the Lower Griesbachian (Otoceras woodwardi Zone) are penetrated by Upper Dorashamian conodonts Clarkina subcarinata (Sweet) and single Clarkina orienta/is (Barsakov & Korovela). The principal conodont is Anchignathodus typicalis Sweet. In fact, almost the whole range of the Griesbachian (without Proptychites strigatus Zone) is characterized by representatives of the Pa­ leozoic genus Anchignathodus. The lower part of the Lower Griesbachian (the lower part ofOtoceras woodwardi Zone) is relatively poor in conodont fauna. The characteristics of the first conodont zone is given by Anchignathodus typicalis Sweet. Clarkina subcarinata (Sweet) and Clarkina carina/a (Sweet) are also found. According to Sweet et. a!. (1971), this interval equals Otoceras concavum Zone (the lower part of the Lower Griesbachian). We found these conodont species in Guryul Ravine, in the lower parts of the Dorashamian (Changxingian) equivalent to unit D of Zewan Formation, and in the lower parts of the Lower Griesbachian, equivalent to parts of Otoceras woodwardi Zone or to units E1 and E2 (part) of Zewan Formation. This indicates that the use of Anchignathodus typicalis conodont Zone (with a very wide stratigraphic range) is not very correct and leads to incorrect stratigraphic characteristics. Instead of this Zone we suggest the Clarkina subcarinata-Anchignathodus typicalis C.-R.-Z. with a range that, though narrower, defines the upper parts of the Dorashamian- the lower parts of the Lower Griesbachian. In all cases the assumed Permian-Triassic boundary falls 98 CONODONT ZONAL >- AMMONOID ZONES (I') a:: LLJ ...: AGE STANDARD c::l CANADA TETHYS -a:: z: LLJ ::::> (Tozer,l967,em. (Budurov emend.) (I') 0 (Dagis, et al., 1987, Q:l by Da g is , l985) 198 5) LOWER ANISIAN (part) Kashmirella gondolel/aides R.-z. Keyserlingites Tazeriteras Kashmirel/a timorensis R.- Z. subrobustus pakistanum z < ( Prohungarites} Neospathodus triangularis - H "Keyserlingites" :I: E- pilaticus Neospathodus hommeri A. -z. c..< Vl Spi. collin- soni A. - z. z Tirolites - I < Platyvillosus - H Columbites ~ ? Folie /Ia Beds "'z Wasatchites A. pluriformis Scy. mil/eri ...:I R. -z. "'0 tardus Meekaceras < > z gracilitatis Neospathodus < Parachirognathus - H waageni :I: Furnischius E- H A. -z. Beds ~ ;I! u Vl "' H Euflemingites Flemingites )-ocr> Vl c.:.-."" Vl romunderi flemingianus < . < Ksh . nepa/ensis ~ H R. ~ -:z,... >- a: - -- ::>OS ... E- Vavilovites Rotundatus - 0 ..... .......... svedrupi Vo/utus =..... "' E- .c "';.: z > ..... 0 < Neospathodus dieneri - 0..0' ...:I H "' ... 0 Neospathodus cristagalli ~;:3 "'p.. "'z E-::3 c. -R. -z. "'"'Vl<Q H"' ..., ~ <.;) "'<.;)4-< N= Proptychites Cy ronites ::>u Vl~ candidus frequens z Ksh . kummeli R.-~ < ~ :::> Proptychites - Cl. carinata A.-Z/ ~ - ...>- z strigatus ~ - >- ..... H ... -- ...:I C.: ..... z lsarcicella isarcica R.- Z. << ..... < Ophiceras Ophiceras z~ H oz .c..... :I: commune tibeticum >-<:::> u E-0 < H<Q "' Ophiceras Ophiceras 0 = ~ "'p.. Vl Anchignathodus parvus I. -z. boreale woodwardi ~f;' "'H E-0.. ... <.;) Ophiceras "' C/arkina subcarinata - ...."' concavum Anchignathodus typicalis .. UPPER PERMIAN (part) C.-R. -Z. Fig. I. Lower Triassic Conodont Zonal Standard and the possibilities of Permian-Triassic boundary definition Some genera: CI.=C/arkina; Ksh. = Kashmire/la; Scy. = Scythodondolella; Spi. = Spathoicriodus in the middle of this conodont zone and for this reason
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  • Pander Society Newsletter

    Pander Society Newsletter

    Pander Society Newsletter Compiled and edited by P.H. von Bitter and J. Burke DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL HISTORY (PALAEOBIOLOGY SECTION), ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM, TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA M5S 2C6 Number 38 June 2006 www.conodont.net CHIEF PANDERER’S REMARKS Dear Conodont Colleagues: A year has gone by since I last communicated like this, and I’m pleased (and relieved) that another Pander Society Newsletter is ready to ‘go’. Thank you for having sent in your reports and questionnaires; without your willingness to going through a bit of pain there would be no Pander Society Newsletter, and our communications would be the poorer. I am very grateful to compiler and editor Joan Burke (Toronto) and webmaster Mark Purnell (Leicester) for their dedication and ongoing interest; they have helped me greatly and continue to make me look better than I really am, particularly in a time of personal and professional transition. You, the Pander Society membership, continue to ‘re-invent’ and apply conodonts in startling new ways. Some of this re-invention was seen at the Pander Society Symposium in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where on March 20-22, 2006 our (mostly) North American members focused on Conodonts & Sequence Stratigraphy. Looking ahead, the programme of ICOS 2006 on July 12-30/ 2006 in Leicester, England, promises not only to surprise and delight, but looks remarkably diverse and imaginative. Christian Pander, would, on the 150th anniversary of the publication of his major conodont study, no doubt be enormously impressed and pleased with the innovativeness and progress of his intellectual grandchildren. My best wishes to all of you.
  • NOTICE: This Is the Author's Version of a Work That Was Accepted For

    NOTICE: This Is the Author's Version of a Work That Was Accepted For

    NOTICE: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Gondwana Research. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, no. 3, 2013. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2012.07.002 *Manuscript Click here to view linked References 1 Early Triassic (Induan-Olenekian) conodont biostratigraphy, global anoxia, carbon 1 2 2 isotope excursions and environmental perturbations: New data from Western 3 4 5 3 Australian Gondwana. 6 7 4 8 9 1,2* 3 4 5 5 10 5 I. Metcalfe , R.S. Nicoll , R. Willink , M. Ladjavadi , & K. Grice 11 12 6 13 14 7 1. Earth Sciences, Earth Studies Building C02, School of Environmental and Rural 15 16 17 8 Science, University of New England, Armidale NSW 2351, Australia 18 19 9 2. GEMOC, ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems, Department 20 21 22 10 of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109 Australia 23 24 11 3. Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National Univ., Canberra 25 26 4. 27 12 Origin Energy, Level 10, CDOP4, 135 Coronation Drive, Milton, Qld, 4064, 28 29 13 Australia 30 31 5. 32 14 WA-Organic Isotope Geochemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, 33 34 15 Perth, Australia 35 36 16 37 38 39 17 * Corresponding author.
  • Uppermost Triassic Conodonts from the Kössen Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria) 665-676 ©Geol

    Uppermost Triassic Conodonts from the Kössen Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria) 665-676 ©Geol

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Jahr/Year: 1989 Band/Volume: 132 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kachroo R.K. Artikel/Article: Uppermost Triassic Conodonts from the Kössen Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria) 665-676 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at Jb. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0016-7800 Band 132 Heft 4 S.665-676 Wien, Dezember 1989 Uppermost Triassic Conodonts from the Kössen Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria) By R. K. KACHROO*) With 2 Figures and 2 Plates Austria Northern Calcareous Alps Triassic Kössen Formation Stratigraphy Osterreichische Kartei: 50.000 Misikella faunas Blätter 66, 69, 72, 88, 90-92, 94, 95, 100, 118, 119, 142 Microlacies Contents Zusammenfassung 665 Abstract 665 1. Introduction 666 2. Materials and Methods 666 3. Previous Work on Conodonts 666 4. Stratigraphical and Lithological Outline of the Localities of Conodont-Bearing Beds 667 4.1. Vorarlberg 667 4.2. Tyrol 667 4.3. Salzburg 668 4.4. Upper Austria (Oberösterreich) 669 4.5. Styria 669 4.6. Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) 669 5. Facies Interpretation of the Conodont-Bearing Rocks 669 6. Systematic Descriptions 670 Acknowledments 672 References 676 Zusammenfassung nicht ändert. Dieser posthernsteini-Bereich ist mit der eingeeng- ten posthernsteini assemblage-Zone sensu KOZUR& MOCK (1974) Von den 20 detaillierten Profilen in den Kössener Schichten zu vergleichen. (Obertrias) der Nördlichen Kalkalpen werden 34 neue Co- Zu Beginn des obersten Drittels der Kössener Schichten nodonten führende Niveaus beschrieben. Die Fauna be- (Kössener Fazies), unmittelbar über dem Lithodendronkalk- schränkt sich auf Misikella hernsteini, M.