Subject: History Topic: Invaders (Vikings and Normans) Year Group: 7

1. Who were the Vikings? 3. What impact did the Vikings have on and the North of England? Key word Definition 1 Where were the 1. Norway, Sweden, Denmark and (after 890) 1 What did the 1. Vikings were hated to begin with because they attacked Vikings from Iceland. Vikings do in and killed monks and other villagers. Viking A pirate or settler who came from and why did 2. Some came due to a lack of opportunities Yorkshire? 2. Vikings stole wealth from people. Scandinavia. they come to to make money or farm land at home. 2 Why did the 1. In the 9th century the Vikings were defeated by Alfred and Longship A Viking ship that could sail on seas England? 3. Others came for adventure or to make Vikings choose stayed in the north of England. or rivers. their living as raiders or warriors. to begin 2. They settled there and set up villages, which they often Monastery A place where monks lived, worked settling in gave Viking names. and worshipped. Yorkshire? 3. Jorvik became the capital and the most important place in 2 What did the 1. Some attacked monasteries or villages to the North. The site of the first Viking attack in 793. Vikings do in plunder them. 3 Was the 1. There were still some problems and a massacre of the England? 2. Others came to set up farms and raise Runes A Viking style of writing. relationship ‘Danes’ was ordered in 1002. families, giving their villages Viking names. between the 2. Some people in the North supported 3. Many married local women and had Plunder Theft and violence. English and the when he invaded in 1066 and attempted to become King. children with Viking ancestry. Vikings always 3. William ‘laid waste’ to the North to stop rebels living there. Raid A Viking attack. positive? 3 What was Viking 1. They had pagan gods but some later Alfred The English king who defeated the culture like? became Christian. Vikings in Southern England. 2. They travelled all over the world. 4. The events of 1066 Christian A person who worships Christ. 3. They did not write but used runes, and produced beautiful art objects. 1 What was the 1. died without an heir and having Pagan A person who worships spirits or 4. Ships were important and were well situation in promised more than one person the throne. gods that do not belong to a particular religion. designed. early 1066? 2. became king.

3. Other contenders also tried to claim the throne. There was Muslim A person of the Islamic faith. William (Duke of Normandy) Harald Hardrada (King of 2. Jorvik Norway) and Edgar Aetheling. The part of England under Viking law.

1 What was 1. It was the main settlement in the 2 What did the 1. Harold organised an army to wait in the South for William’s Treaties Agreements between enemies. important about Danelaw and was the capital of Viking key figures do invasion. Jorvik? England. early in the 2. Tostig attacked the Isle of Wight but ended up fleeing to Jorvik Viking . year? Norway to seek Hardrada’s support. 2. It was an important place of trade and 3. Bad weather stopped William invading so he spent the Anglo-Saxon Another term for an English person exchange and people came there from all before 1066. time preparing instead. over the world. Norman A person from Normandy. 3 How was the 1. Harold, William and Hardrada all got ready to fight for the 2 What kinds of 1. Craftspeople and traders such as battle for the crown. Succession The decision over who gets to be the people lived in blacksmiths, fishermen, leatherworkers. throne actually 2. Hardrada invaded Yorkshire, won the battle of Fulford next king. Jorvik? 2. Both English people and Viking people settled? Gate but both he and Tostig were killed at Stamford lived in Jorvik and many people moved Bridge. Heir The person next in line to the throne. there. 3. Harold rushed south but was then defeated and killed at Feigned The Norman tactic of pretending to 3 What was 1. Jorvik had a mix of cultures which Hastings. retreat run away. important about exposed people to new experiences. 4 What 1. William became king but faced problems including Nobles Powerful and wealthy people. the diversity of 2. It was possible to get all kinds of goods in happened rebellions across the country. Jorvik? Jorvik and to make money there. after Hastings? 2. He eventually decided to crack down and ‘laid waste’ to Harrying of The period during which William the North attacked and destroyed the North to 3. It showed that Jorvik was an important the North so it could not cause problems. stop rebellions. place and helped it to grow further. 3. This was known as the ‘’.