Annexes

216 Roads Task Force Annexes 217 Annex 1 Checking things are on track

The RTF expects that TfL and This should be supported by a These example indicators will and public transport, and enabling the boroughs would monitor the programme of research to improve also provide an understanding of people and vehicles to move more performance of ’s streets understanding of road users behaviour, progress towards the three core efficiently on London’s roads. and road network with respect their perceptions and their needs, priorities of the RTF as set out in the to the different functions set and of likely responses to a range preface – delivering better places out as well as progress against of interventions. The following across London, transforming the delivery of the vision overall. table highlights some indicators environment for walking, cycling or areas that should be part of TfL’s monitoring approach.

Category Example indicators/areas Principal geographies Category Example indicators/areas Principal geographies Moving • Traffic volume and flow by vehicle type GLA, Functioning • Movement of freight, servicing activity and its efficiency GLA, • Traffic congestion, delays, journey time reliability sub-region, • Parking provision and behaviour sub-regions corridors, • Journey time for some key corridors • Effective management of road and street works specific locations • Use, performance and accessibility of bus services Protecting • Road traffic casualties GLA, • Cycling and pedestrian volumes • Vehicle-related offences and perceptions of aspects sub-regions, • Asset condition of road user behaviour specific locations • Perception of journey experience • Crime and perception of crime Living • Town centre and high street performance indicators GLA, Sustaining • Emissions of greenhouse gases and local air GLA, (eg, footfall) specific locations quality pollutants sub-regions, • Perception of aspects of the urban realm, focusing on • Perceptions of road-related noise specific locations access, accessibility, cohesion, quality and liveability • Mode shares for active travel (walking, cycling) • Valuation of urban realm improvements • Green street index (number of street trees, • Active streets index (eg number of street events pocket parks, etc) through the year) • Perception of quality of local places Unlocking • Road network connectivity GLA, • Match between infrastructure provision specific locations and development needs • Match between infrastructure provision and mode share aspirations • Property values

218 Roads Task Force Annexes 219 Annex 2 Putting street-types into practice

This annex looks at each of the It will also, of course, require street-types in terms of their: sustained funding and commitment over the next 20 years to deliver • Functions and users a programme of improvements across the different street-types • Priorities/key service standards and across different parts of London.

• Potential mitigations for In practice, there will need to be non-priority users robust assessment of the economic, environmental, safety, social and • The types of intervention/tools other costs/benefits of any proposed that would be appropriate measures in specific locations.

Many of the improvements highlighted The most challenging streets and are light touch measures deliverable roads to get the balance right is in a short space of time – but still with where demands for movement and a significant impact. Other changes place are high. For example when an may take more time. Meeting the arterial road ‘meets’ a town centre full aspirations across London for it becomes a high road (if on a the street family will be dependent London-wide corridor) or high street on the more strategic interventions (if on a sub-regional corridor) and discussed in the RTF report. the demands and aspirations around ‘place’ functions and quality of the urban environment increase. The most challenging It is important to reflect the changing streets and roads are function of many streets through those where demands for the day. movement and place are both very high.

220 Roads Task Force Annexes 221 Before After Before After

Kingsland It will be important to differentiate area for physical, social and economic growth potential ( Nine Elms A city hub transformed Braham High Street between Inner and Outer London regeneration, the streetscape Battersea, Elephant & Castle and at Street Park high roads and high streets where improvements at Kingsland High ) and aspirations for dense Braham Street Park was the first the issues and opportunities (and Street support aspirations to help high-quality development, inner-city project completed under the High the types of intervention, for regenerate the local community, lifestyles, urban realm improvements Street 2012 programme which example, parking) may differ given its businesses, and to encourage and high levels of walking and cycling. aimed to improve links between the different mix of modes and further investment and growth. the Olympic Park and the rest of access. And, within Outer London, The improvements incorporate These are the hardest locations London. This scheme is also part of a there will also be variations within widened, decluttered footways and to get the balance right and wider transformation of the Aldgate the parameters reflecting different crossings, re-located bus stops and an clear, early decisions will need gyratory into a two-way system. characteristics and aspirations. interchange that is easy to navigate. to be made about the priorities The redirection of four lanes of traffic, Despite the reduced carriageway and how far changes may go. by reverting Whitechapel High Street The use of many of these roads capacity, traffic signals have been back to a two-way street, freed up in particular may vary through the optimised to cut vehicle congestion. In some places, there may be road space which allowed for the day and week and policies should particular issues associated with the creation of a new park. The park reflect this, making more flexible Where an arterial road ‘meets’ a road layout, for example, gyratories features many of the public’s wishes use of the space available. place of regional, or particularly and ambitions to remove/re-design expressed through extensive high, sub-regional significance – them. The implications of this for public consultation including large Getting the balance right existing or emerging – it becomes wider network functioning need expanses of green space achieved at Kingsland High Street a city hub/boulevard. to be considered, but examples through the use of sloping grass Kingsland High Street is the bustling such as Tottenham Hale show how mounds, hedges, trees, a water local centre for Dalston, east London. Many of these are increasingly this can help ‘rebalance’ areas. feature and Europe’s longest bench. Targeted by Hackney Council as an important areas with significant

222 Roads Task Force Annexes 223 Ingredients

Arterial roads

Reliable major routes for large volumes of traffic that mitigate the impact on adjacent communities.

Functions Priorities 5c Freeing space • Arterials are essential for (key service standards) from motorised business, bringing goods • More reliable vehicular traffic impacts into and out of London journey times 5d Substitute/relocated • They are key to moving • Less congestion capacity large volumes of motorised • Sufficient capacity for traffic, for example the private vehicles and freight busiest parts of the A12 Tools (applied to all cater for more than Providing for other users street-types) 100,000 vehicles a day • Reducing severance by 1a Improved asset with the North Circular providing opportunities management tools exceeding 120,000 to cross the road, 1e Future flexibility 1 Broad landscaped bridge, 5 Improved access, Additional ingredients • Trip lengths vary with potentially via high-quality 1h Cleaner vehicles or roofed over section physical environment • Cluttered and arterial roads catering for bridges/underpasses 3b World-leading of road, incorporating and connectivity to enable unnecessary long-distance as well as • Good parallel routes for real-time traffic pedestrian, cyclist and new development signage removed shorter trips local traffic and cycling management system local vehicular routes, 6 Street trees to assist to reduce severance • Reducing air quality/noise 3e A strong customer focus visual and noise screening of communities Users impacts/more greenery 4c Smart charging 7 Real-time information 2 Separation of buses from • Cars take up more than 4d Smart work centres for motorised traffic other motorised traffic half of the traffic Tools and practices to improve local access 8 Lane rationalisation • Freight takes up the next 1c 21st-century roadworks 4e Next generation travel to public transport and separation of buses biggest share, up to a third 1d Innovative materials demand management to enhance motorised 3 High-quality bus stop • Buses, cyclists and and kit schemes traffic capacity with a large shelter and pedestrians are more likely 3a Optimised traffic signals 4g Parking policy live service information 9 Improved median barriers to cross arterial roads than 3c More dynamic 4h Land use planning 4 Improved landscape travel along them on-street information 5f Connections to setting incorporating 3d Effective incident growth areas separated cycle routes and Challenges management wide footways to improve Congestion during 3f Congestion walking and cycling • access in the local area peak periods hot spot busting • Daily customer experience 4f Active network needs to be more consistent management • Severance between the 5a Junctions enhancement areas they pass through plan 5b New and improved separation

224 Roads Task Force Annexes 225 Aspirational view: Arterial roads

226 Roads Task Force Annexes 227 Ingredients

High roads

Reliable major routes through London that provide vibrant, safe, secure and well-maintained urban environments and make shops and services easily accessible.

Functions • Road safety can be poor as 2e Re-imagined streets • Accommodate large the intensity of interactions and places volumes of traffic handling can result in a high number 2f Re-design of gyratories in excess of 20,000 of collisions 2g Better crossings vehicles a day, while also 3a Optimised traffic signals serving major town centres Priorities 3c More dynamic and being a focal point (key service standards) on-street information for community life • Reliable journeys 3d Effective incident for vehicles management Users • Bus priority 3f Congestion • Given the town centre • Safer, inclusive and hot spot busting functions, pedestrian flows higher quality pedestrian 3g Better targeted 1 Station forecourt 5 Well-located and well- Additional ingredients are high, typically peaking environment (including enforcement de-cluttered and designed market stalls • High-quality bus in the mid-afternoon 20mph limit) 3h Flexible lanes and reorganised to provide facilities and priority 6 Improved surfacing • High roads are used by • Accessibility of local management improved public realm measures to improve of junction, with tone a mix of all types of traffic services, shops and Re-timing freight bus journey time 4a 2 Improved formal and material change reliability • Buses play a major role access for freight 4b Re-moding crossings with to calm vehicular traffic in people movement but freight/services pedestrian countdown • De-cluttered street 7 Legible London sign, with improved are not a large proportion Providing for other users 4f Active network 3 Guardrails and bollards to improve wayfinding management regime of total traffic • Controlled pedestrian management removed and junction 8 High-quality cycle parking Goods vehicles can crossings at regular intervals 5d Substitute/ geometry redesigned • Inset loading bays • 9 Improved median at to improve ease of account for up to 30 per relocated capacity 4 Superhighways and staggered crossing, servicing and deliveries cent of traffic Tools 5e New public spaces advanced stop lines incorporating for cyclists • High roads are also popular 1b Enhanced safety features and pedestrian/ traffic signage for cyclists, particularly 1c 21st century roadworks cycling facilities in the morning and 1d Innovative materials evening as they provide and kit Tools (applied to all direct routes 1f Basic street street-types) improvements See page 225 for full list. Challenges 1g Greener streets • Congestion causes delays 2a More efficient and, combined with high people movement traffic volumes, can create 2b Safe speed environment severance/reduced amenity 2d Providing space • Poor urban realm for stopping

228 Roads Task Force Annexes 229 Aspirational view: High roads

230 Roads Task Force Annexes 231 Ingredients

High streets

Provide access by all modes to shops and services, and ensure a high-quality public realm and strong focus for community life.

Functions • Good facilities for service 3e A strong customer focus • A destination for large vehicles to ensure local 3f Congestion numbers of people businesses can easily hot spot busting accessing shops, restaurants receive deliveries 3h Flexible lanes and other services • Road safety and a slower and management • Found across London, speed environment 4c Smart charging they are the lifeblood • Accessibility for sustainable 4d Smart work centres of local communities modes, for example, buses and practices and cycling 4e Next generation travel Users demand management • A mix of all types of traffic Providing for other users schemes with buses providing • To get the right balance 4f Active network 1 De-cluttered, wide and 6 Inset loading bay Additional ingredients access for large numbers at high streets journey management reorganised pavement, to improve ease of • Traffic calming of people times might increase for 4g Parking policy with aligned street servicing and deliveries measures, including • Levels will vary across some users but this should 4h Land use planning furniture, and delineated 20mph limit and 7 Wide, formal crossing the day with more be offset by increased Junctions enhancement trading areas using change in materials 5a in the distance pavement studs motorised traffic in the reliability and improved plan • High-quality bus 8 Median strip to morning and evening, and road safety 5b New and improved 2 Threshold pedestrian facilities to improve facilitate informal crossing treatment access to high more pedestrians in the separation pedestrian crossings to mark transition street and facilitate afternoon and at night Tools 5c Freeing space to pedestrian priority 9 Cycle racks on median interchange 1a Improved asset from motorised traffic environment strip to reduce clutter Disused telephone Challenges management tools impacts on footways • 3 Generous cycle lane booths removed and • Congestion 1b Enhanced safety features 5d Substitute/ 10 Consolidated street others consolidated Road safety 21st century roadworks relocated capacity 4 Legible London sign, • 1c furniture, such as bins to improve wayfinding • Inadequate provision for 1d Innovative materials 5e New public spaces attached to streetlights, deliveries and servicing and kit and pedestrian/ 5 Street trees and high- to reduce clutter quality, well-located seating • Quality of place 1e Future flexibility cycling facilities 1h Cleaner vehicles 5f Connections to Priorities 2f Re-design of gyratories growth areas (key service standards) 2h Informal spaces • A high-quality environment 3b World-leading Tools (applied to all for pedestrians, with real-time traffic street-types) good and frequent management system See page 225 for full list. (and informal) crossings 3c More dynamic on-street information 3d Effective incident management

232 Roads Task Force Annexes 233 Aspirational view: High streets

234 Roads Task Force Annexes 235 Ingredients

City hubs and boulevards

Vibrant focal points for business and culture. They reduce the impact of high traffic volumes while accommodating high pedestrian flows, bus access and essential traffic.

Functions Challenges 1f Basic street • Part of the strategic road • The volume, complexity improvements network but with high and diversity of demands, 1g Greener streets aspirations for quality makes the balance hardest 2a More efficient of place to strike here people movement • Often the location for • Many locations in this 2b Safe speed environment new city quarters and typology are currently 2e Re-imagined streets major development under-performing against and places plans/aspirations the ‘place’ functions 2f Re-design of gyratories • Important destinations 2g Better crossings for visitors and residents, Priorities 3a Optimised traffic signals with a wide range of leisure, (key service standards) 3c More dynamic 1 Spacious undercroft 6 Wheeling ramps to Additional ingredients retail, community and • Access for buses on-street information with direct sight lines, an make stairs accessible • High-quality materials other services • High-quality environment 3d Effective incident improved station entrance, to cyclists and finishes to present a for pedestrians and cyclists management to replace a narrow world-class public realm 7 Street trees with Urban realm to support Congestion subway and serve as Users • 3f integrated seating a through-route for • A mix of all traffic revitalised city quarters hot spot busting pedestrians and cyclists 8 Consolidated street and in high volumes • Improved safety and 3g Better targeted under a furniture, such as bins • Buses are particularly environmental quality enforcement attached to streetlights, 2 Wide, gently sloping access important for people • Sufficient movement for 3h Flexible lanes to reduce clutter route to create a new public movement network functioning and management space with seating and 9 Cycle lanes incorporated • Significant proportions 4a Re-timing freight café areas into the roundabout layout of goods vehicles also Providing for other users 4b Re-moding 3 Smart traffic signals to 10 High-quality and well- passing through • Goods vehicles freight/services smooth vehicular traffic located bus stop with • Pedestrian movement is accommodated out-of- 4f Active network flow and reduce congestion a large shelter and high throughout the day hours as much as possible management live service information 4 Cycle hire docking station to facilitate interchange (for example, modelling for • Targeted demand 5d Substitute/ 5 High-quality cycle parking the Southern roundabout management can help to relocated capacity at Elephant & Castle has ensure private vehicle trips 5e New public spaces forecast 13 million annual are high-value/essential and pedestrian/ pedestrian crossings trips only cycling facilities – equal to the forecast number of vehicles Tools Tools (applied to all through the junction) 1b Enhanced safety features street-types) 1c 21st-century roadworks See page 225 for full list. 1d Innovative materials and kit

236 Roads Task Force Annexes 237 Aspirational view: City hubs and boulevards

238 Roads Task Force Annexes 239 Aspirational view

Connectors

Reliable routes for medium distance and local road journeys, comfortable roads for cyclists and safe and secure routes for pedestrians.

Functions Challenges 3g Better targeted • Play an important role in • Congestion in peak periods enforcement the movement network, in particular in close 4f Active network providing key connections proximity to junctions with management between places more strategic roads 5e New public spaces • Can vary from local routes • Wayfinding and legibility and pedestrian/ carrying light volumes of • Street lighting cycling facilities traffic to busier roads that provide important links Priorities Tools (applied to all from arterial and high roads (key service standards) street-types) to other parts of London • Providing reliable journeys See page 225 for full list. • Land uses vary along for motorised vehicle 1 Dedicated two-way 7 High-quality cycle parking connectors and include journeys cycle lane to provide 8 Prohibited turns to small parades of shops, • Good environment for safe route for cyclists as prevent ‘rat-running’ homes and workplaces, pedestrians and cyclists part of Quietway network by motorised traffic but the priority is on • Reliable bus journeys 2 Separate cycle signals 9 Well-maintained passing through rather where bus routes pass as part of high-quality road surface than being destinations through connectors cycling infrastructure 10 Signalised right-turn lane in themselves • Road safety 3 High-quality bus stop with with filter to reduce the • Routes for pedestrians a large shelter and live potential for congestion from their homes to various Providing for other users service information at the junction destinations/bus stops • Accessible, safe and 4 Formal pelican crossings • The majority of the Quietway well-lit pedestrian routes 5 Legible London sign cycle network will be made • Alternative effective arterial to improve wayfinding up of connectors and roads for freight 6 Tactile paving and local streets • Greening to enhance drop kerbs to improve environmental quality accessibility Users for residents • A mix of all traffic: flows likely to be higher in the Tools morning and evening 1b Enhanced safety features • Lower volumes of heavy 1c 21st century roadworks goods vehicles 2g Better crossings • Quieter connectors provide 2h Informal spaces a popular route for cyclists 3a Optimised traffic signals

240 Roads Task Force Annexes 241 Ingredients

City streets

Provide a world-class, pedestrian friendly environment while ensuring excellent connections with the wider transport network.

Functions • Bus priority measures to 4a Re-timing freight • Widely known for allow reliable journeys as 4b Re-moding their concentration of buses are important to get freight/services commercial and cultural people to these locations street activity • High footfall and visitor Tools (applied to all • Important role in satisfaction street-types) perceptions of London See page 225 for full list. as a place to visit and do Providing for other users business in. They cater for • Flexible use of space large volumes of visitors to cater for demand at • Provides for essential different times of the day, traffic, in particular public for example, pavements 1 One-way gyratory system 6 Inset loading bays Additional ingredients transport and freight/ with inset loading bays removed and lanes to improve ease of • High-quality materials servicing to cater for pedestrians reconfigured to reduce servicing and deliveries and finishes to present a during the day and vehicle speeds world-class public realm 7 Street trees with high- Users deliveries at night 2 Lane restricted to buses quality grates and • Visual clutter, such as • High pedestrian levels • Diversion of general traffic and cycles only, to improve lighting, and potential unnecessary guardrails • Buses and taxis make on to more efficient routes cycle safety and bus journey for sustainable and disused phone time reliability drainage systems booths, removed up a significant proportion • Provision for coach and of motorised traffic taxi access 3 Median strip to allow 8 Bespoke seating informal pedestrian design to give greater crossings, with formal area identity Challenges Tools crossings at key junctions • Constrained pedestrian 1f Basic street 9 Legible London sign, movement improvements 4 High-quality bus stop with to improve wayfinding a large shelter and live • Road safety 1g Greener streets 10 Cycle hire docking station service information • Accommodating 2a More efficient 11 High-quality cycle parking 5 High-quality, centrally freight and servicing people movement located street lighting. 12 Café seating along • Congestion 2b Safe speed environment Additional lighting improved shop 2e Re-imagined streets mounted onto building forecourt area Priorities and places facades where practicable, (key service standards) 2g Better crossings to reduce clutter • A world-class public realm 3a Optimised traffic signals • Free pedestrian movement 3g Better targeted with the ability to cross enforcement the road along desired lines

242 Roads Task Force Annexes 243 Aspirational view: City streets

244 Roads Task Force Annexes 245 Aspirational view

Local streets

Quiet, safe and desirable residential streets that foster community spirit and local pride.

Functions Priorities • The majority of Londoners (key service standards) live on streets that are used • Accessible and safe mainly by local vehicles pedestrian environment and pedestrians who live • Parking for residents and on them to access their car clubs/car sharing homes, go to work, school • Providing an environment or to access local shops serving the diverse needs and services of local residents including • Some are also used by older people and children cyclists as an alternative to busier routes Providing for other users 1 No through-route from 6 Threshold treatment • Can provide spaces • Through movement road, to ensure usage only to highlight pedestrian for children to play of traffic should be by local motorised traffic crossing point and • The majority of the Quietway discouraged with and prevent ‘rat-running’ mark transition cycle network will be connectors providing to residential area 2 Safe walkways for families made up of local streets better alternative routes and children 7 Change in road and connectors alignment to calm 3 Safe routes for cyclists as vehicular traffic and Tools part of Quietway network encourage lower speeds Users 2b Safe speed environment 4 High-quality cycle parking Private vehicles 2c Fun and active streets 8 Street trees along both • 5 Different road surface sides of road • Cyclists 2d Providing space to highlight parking bays, • Pedestrians for stopping which do not obstruct • Delivery vehicles 2h Informal spaces the road 4e Next generation travel Challenges demand management • Rat-running schemes • Poor lighting • Management and Tools (applied to all maintenance issues street-types) See page 225 for full list.

246 Roads Task Force Annexes 247 Aspirational view

Town squares/streets

A focus for community activity and services (retail, leisure, public, etc) with ease of pedestrian movement a priority.

Functions Providing for other users • A destination for local • Town squares need to people accessing local be well-connected to be shops or services such effective – good transport as street markets facilities at the edges need to be provided such as Users cycle parking, bus stops • Mainly used by pedestrians and parking spaces with the focus on the street • Access can be provided activity generated and little through these streets for through movement other modes out-of-hours • Providing adequate 1 Shared space design 5 High-quality materials Challenges delivery/servicing facilities to create a vibrant with a flush surface • Difficult to provide good through inset loading bays, town street 6 Space for car parking facilities for delivery and delivery, servicing plans, 2 No through-route in off-peak periods servicing during particular and timed access for motorised traffic, 7 Access for servicing and times of the day when to prevent ‘rat-running’ deliveries at low speeds footfall is high Tools 3 Space allocated for 8 Street trees • Poor-quality urban 2b Safe speed environment market stalls to increase environment that can 2c Fun and active streets 9 High-quality cycle parking street trading and impact the vibrancy 2d Providing space pedestrian footfall of these streets for stopping 4 Café seating along shop 2e Re-imagined streets forecourt area Priorities and places (key service standards) • Free pedestrian movement Tools (applied to all in a good-quality street-types) environment See page 225 for full list. • Safe and secure urban environment • User satisfaction/footfall

248 Roads Task Force Annexes 249 Aspirational view

City places

World-class, pedestrian friendly environments to support their role as places of major significance and encourage high levels of street activity and vibrancy.

Functions Priorities • Areas with a high (key service standards) concentration of • High-quality, safe and commercial activity, secure pedestrian entertainment venues environment and cultural landmarks • Footfall/ambience/ • These places are user satisfaction internationally known for their distinctive Providing for other users character and make a • Motorised traffic is not big contribution to the generally catered for attractiveness of London in these areas, however 1 Area closed to motorised 5 Accessible paving Additional ingredients provisions should be made traffic to provide pedestrian along edge to facilitate • Accessible links to Users to allow access for delivery priority environment wheelchair movement public transport modes • Almost entirely pedestrian and servicing vehicles, 2 Removable bollards to 6 Legible London sign • Late opening hours as access for motorised ideally out-of-hours allow emergency access, to improve wayfinding encouraged to activate vehicles is restricted most facilities servicing and night-time ambience 7 High-quality cycle parking of the day Tools deliveries • High-quality materials 8 Café seating areas 2b Safe speed environment 3 Appropriate spaces and finishes to present a delineated using Challenges 2c Fun and active streets for street performers world-class public realm pavement studs • These places have the 2e Re-imagined streets 4 Conservation area highest concentration and places grade yellow lines of street activity and 4a Re-timing freight accommodating this while 4b Re-moding providing for through- freight/services movement for pedestrians can be difficult Tools (applied to all • Similarly, making provision street-types) for delivery and servicing See page 225 for full list. can also result in competing demands for space

250 Roads Task Force Annexes 251 Annex 3 RTF case studies

World-class city centre 1 Oxford Street

The UK’s top-ranked retail contributing to high levels Pedestrianisation would location, and the busiest retail of pedestrian crowding require re-routing bus services street in Europe, is crucial to on footways. to adjacent roads which would London’s GDP and attracts be unpopular and reduce more than 500,000 daily In the short term, the public accessibility to the street itself. visitors. It is a key east-west realm could be enhanced The opening of will route for bus services and by continued street de- reduce demand for some bus carries significant numbers cluttering and the provision services accessing Oxford of taxis and cycles, all of public spaces. More Street. The opportunity also competing for road space. diagonal crossings and the exists to significantly reduce Retailers, landowners and use of Pedestrian Countdown traffic by making it a bus businesses demand a signals would improve the and cycle-only street, with world-class public realm visitor experience, along servicing, deliveries and to compete with other retail with additional temporary taxis allowed outside peak locations, both domestic street closures to motorised shopping hours. and international. traffic. In the medium term, Crossrail will increase visitor Proposed street-type: Traffic movement conflicts numbers and the demand City street. with the place functions for footway space. for visitors and shoppers,

252 Roads Task Force Annexes 253 A dense, vibrant Inner London 2 Lower Road (A200) 3 Lewisham/Catford

This strategic road links the environment is poor owing local environment will be The A21 is a key route that and the need to provide a need to provide alternative southeast of the Capital to the low-quality urban realm, key. This will need support connects Catford and vastly improved public realm capacity such as flyunders to central and east London. uneven footways, and poor through a strategic demand Lewisham, two major town to unlock the growth potential to avoid creating significant It runs from the Rotherhithe air quality. Major development management programme centres with a number of in the area surrounding the congestion in the area. If this is gyratory system to the planned for Surrey Quays will to avoid negative impacts developments and growth Catford gyratory. not feasible in the immediate roundabout at the Rotherhithe increase demand for Lower on the road network. As the proposals planned – notably vicinity, additional capacity Tunnel approach road. Road – both for vehicular road crosses the boundary the Lewisham Gateway Short-term schemes need to on alternative corridors traffic and for enhancing between Lewisham and development. The nature focus on reducing severance, should be considered. It suffers from congestion the area’s place function. Southwark, the aspirations of the road changes improving the walking owing to high demand for of both boroughs must a number of times, with environment and increasing Proposed street-type: local and through movements, Short-term measures be coordinated together changing emphases of provision for cyclists. It is also High road. exacerbated by a pinch point should focus on improving with planned development place and movement. important that this section of at the . The the pedestrian environment schemes. the road continues to provide complex road layout inhibits and maintaining existing The road performs well in acceptable and reliable journey access to the Rotherhithe infrastructure. Proposed street-type: many respects: for traffic, as a times for motorised traffic. peninsula, impacts on bus Generally connector with bus route, as a high street and services, and acts as a For the longer term, removing sections of high street. for loading provision. Specific For the longer-term, options barrier for pedestrians and the Rotherhithe gyratory challenges are the cycling for the redesign or removal cyclists. The pedestrian system and improving the environment, road safety, of Catford gyratory will

254 Roads Task Force Annexes 255 A dense, vibrant Inner London Chiswick Roundabout to Hammersmith 4 Stoke Newington (A10) 5 Great West Road (A4)

This Inner London town centre In the short term, de-cluttering severance and increase public The A4 is a major arterial road In the short-term, further through-traffic should be has a growing reputation the high street and enhancing space, but could increase in west London carrying high roll-out of Split Cycle Offset explored. This would have as a vibrant local commercial the urban realm (in keeping levels of congestion in the volumes of traffic (over 90,000 Optimisation Technique transformative effects on and community hub. It is with the area’s character) will area and cause rat-running vehicles per day) between (SCOOT) will improve journey the town centre, greatly located around the Stoke improve the town centre. on residential roads. To the M4 and . time reliability, and improving improving the quality of life Newington gyratory on the The construction of Barclays avoid this, some form of subway conditions (the for its residents, and reducing A10, a major north London Cycle Superhighway 1 will broader, area-wide demand Between Chiswick Roundabout main crossing opportunities severance of communities radial route and one of the provide greater capacity management may be and Hammersmith, the road along the corridor) will along the corridor. Capital’s busiest bus corridors. for cyclists and introduce required to reduce overall causes severance and crossing help to increase pedestrian more flexibility to pedestrian motorised traffic levels. opportunities are limited to safety and security. Proposed street-type: The road layout of the A10 crossings, and loading bays subways. At Hammersmith, Arterial. bisects the town centre, creating will increase space and reduce Proposed street-type: a flyover separates the arterial However, to exploit the severance for pedestrians severance for pedestrians. High road. motorised traffic from the potential new surface and cyclists. Along with gyratory and town centre developments and make congestion, low-quality public For the longer term, removing below. The flyover is visually greater use of Hammersmith’s realm and cluttered, narrow the gyratory and converting the intrusive and the high levels established transport hub, pavements, this hinders the high street to two-way traffic of motorised traffic generate longer-term proposals town centre’s place aspirations. would reduce the effects of noise and air pollution for providing alternative along the corridor. tunnelled routes for

256 Roads Task Force Annexes 257 A network of diverse, accessible and safe neighbourhoods across Outer London 6 The North Circular (A406) 7 Bullsmoor Lane, Upper Lea Valley (A1055)

The North Circular is the main congestion levels. Residents’ acceptable journey times, Bullsmoor Lane provides the Interventions are required to connectivity between the orbital road in north London, quality of life is severely through measures such as main access from the M25 improve air quality, reduce growth area and the linking many key radial routes impaired by poor air quality, junction improvements, or and the north to the Upper the high noise levels, ignore SRN while improving living between the A13 and the A4. noise and severance. decking sections of the road Lee Valley (ULV) Opportunity severance and address the conditions for local residents. It is one of the busiest roads to reclaim the land above it. Area. Although generally poor-quality public realm. in London and facilitates Interventions similar to recent This could improve conditions only a single-lane highway, Proposed street-type: movement between town schemes at Henlys Corner for residents and free up it caters for a large number In the short and medium-term, Connector. centres and neighbourhoods and Bounds Green could space for local transport, of vehicles with particularly improved traffic control could across Outer London for help reliability but will not community uses or high freight levels. Housing, help manage congestion, people and goods. be enough to cope with development. a school and local shops while traffic calming and rising traffic levels: the North front on to the road. better street improvements The road is congested at Circular links the Thames Proposed street-type: could be made in the more several points, including the Gateway, Upper Lea Valley, Arterial. Growth in the ULV is sensitive sections of the road. intersections of Henlys Corner Brent Cross and Old Oak expected to put further and Hanger Lane, and other Common growth areas. pressure on Bullsmoor Lane, For the longer-term, an at-grade junctions with local increasing the current levels alternative or replacement roads. Retail and other car- A clear strategy is needed of congestion at junctions connection to the M25 should based development along for the road, focused on with the A1010 and the A10. be investigated to enhance the road has exacerbated providing reliable and

258 Roads Task Force Annexes 259 Breathing life back into town centres across London 8 Burnt Oak Broadway (A5) 9 Tooting High Street (A24)

A borough road that forms, In the short term, de-cluttering The road lies on the boundary Part of the A24, Tooting High Congestion in Tooting Strategic measures need part of the A5 on the London- and urban realm improvements of three boroughs: Brent, Street is a busy, largely single could be alleviated by signal to focus on the whole Luton growth corridor, it runs are important, along with Barnet and Harrow. As part carriageway radial route with optimisation, de-cluttering, and A24 corridor. The most parallel to the A41 and M1 implementing SCOOT to of continued close working high traffic flows into central the use of flexible loading bays effective method of arterial roads. The A5 provides address congestion issues. to deliver growth-related London. It is also a major bus or side streets for deliveries. reducing congestion an important connection to Junction improvements are schemes, the creation of a and Underground interchange However, congestion needs would be to encourage local major developments. planned for the next few ‘high street management and an important centre for to be tackled along the entire a mode shift from car trips. years to accommodate the group’ to facilitate and the local community. corridor so that measures Significant delays at junctions expected growth and highway coordinate new proposals specific to Tooting are not Proposed street-type: result in poor journey time demand from nearby major in a consistent manner The corridor as a whole suffers compromised by the effects of High road. reliability along the road. developments. Beyond that, could be beneficial for from high levels of congestion congestion hot spots in other Cyclists are not well catered consideration could be given the A5 in the long-term. and collisions. This is partly areas. Locally, a 20mph speed for and the low-quality urban to redesigning the carriageway due to constrained road limit, along with traffic-calming realm and frontages provide to include cycle routes and Proposed street-type: space and the conflicting measures and a redesigned a generally unwelcoming to allow for easier pedestrian High street. demands on it, and has street layout, could deliver pedestrian environment. crossing, together with implications on severance, safety and environmental Furthermore, the road layout parking and loading facilities. road safety and urban realm. improvements while helping of the A5 impedes east- maintain vehicular flows. west movement.

260 Roads Task Force Annexes 261 Breathing life back into town centres across London Unlocking major growth and regeneration across London: Regeneration in east London 10 Kingston town centre 11 Docklands – City corridor (A13, A1203 and A3211) Kingston is a major Outer Kingston could be slightly to ‘bridge’ sections of the road London town centre with improved by using dynamic network, and providing a more a strong retail and leisure- parking management and welcoming gateway to the The Docklands – Central to be reduced or rerouted. of consolidation centres focused core. There are variable message signs town centre through station London Corridor forms a key The A13 causes significant and out-of-hours deliveries. proposals for significant retail displaying parking space redevelopment associated route into the centre of the severance for communities Junction improvements and leisure development availability. Severance could with Crossrail 2. As a Biking Capital, particularly for freight and potential growth areas. would also reduce congestion with the aim of diversifying also be reduced through Borough, there is significant and servicing traffic, and and unlock the substantial the town offer. public realm enhancements potential to encourage mode connects the employment Short-term measures development potential and traffic calming, as well as shift from short-distance car centres of Canary Wharf should focus on operational of adjacent land. Studies Significant attractors including improvements to pedestrian trips. Opportunities to reduce and the City. improvements, including the are required to determine the railway and bus stations, crossings from the railway and through traffic should be further roll-out of SCOOT, the feasibility of reducing library, and leisure centre, bus stations. However, this explored by reducing the Congestion on these roads dynamic network management severance along these are segregated from the could impact negatively on existing road dominance, is high and pressure on the and pedestrian countdown, corridors using schemes such pedestrianised town centre traffic delays and congestion. potentially through reducing corridor will increase with the while also seeking to greatly as land bridges, and improving by the wide, traffic- network capacity. substantial growth forecast improve environmental the local environment by dominated road network. Long-term measures to further for east London. Significant conditions. transforming the public reduce severance should Proposed street-type: increases in cycling must realm in town centres. In the short-term, the be explored including using City hub/boulevard. also be accommodated – Traffic flows could be efficiency of car travel in commercial development the planned cycle route further regulated using a Proposed street-type: along demand management plan, Arterial, high road and city will reduce road space, particularly for freight traffic. hub/boulevard (towards requiring motorised traffic This could include the use Central London). 262 Roads Task Force Annexes 263 Unlocking major growth and regeneration across London: Regeneration in east London Unlocking major growth and regeneration across London: Iconic new inner-city quarters 12 Lower Lea Valley area (A12) 13 Euston/ Road

The A12 is one of the Capital’s severance, without tackling buses and cyclists would As part of London’s Inner The road is noisy, polluted, crossing opportunities for busiest and most strategically noise and air quality. better serve local communities , circumventing the dominated by traffic, and pedestrians and cyclists. important roads, running from and reduce conflict between Congestion Charging zone, forms a barrier between northeast London to the More significant solutions are local and strategic movement. Euston/ is a central London and the More significant improvements Blackwall Tunnel. needed to enable the area The place functions of vital corridor for many vehicular area immediately north, have been dismissed as to adequately respond to its these parallel routes could modes. This results in conflict causing severance of local having limited impact – much However, it severs development acute growth pressures, while be increased by new for road space, particularly communities. Development of the traffic only travels a land in Tower Hamlets from also enabling efficient arterial developments creating between motorised traffic and and intensification of the short distance on the road. the rest of the borough, movement. These could separated high streets with cyclists. With Underground area north of the road will Daytime vehicle restrictions limiting provision for the include Mile End-style bridges crossings over the A12. stations and rail termini along its exacerbate the conflict would reduce demand area’s increasing population. for pedestrians and cyclists, length (including the proposed between traffic movements on this corridor, as would The road needs to support decking over sections of the Proposed street-type: terminus for High Speed 2), along and across the road. the provision of alternative and not impede the road to provide additional Generally arterial road with it is also a key transport capacity elsewhere. Both significant development space for development, and separated high streets. interchange. The road has Short-term interventions should be explored further. forecast along this corridor. public realm improvements. a high place value as it hosts should focus on calming More extensive cut and a number of internationally traffic speeds while actively Proposed street-type: Providing crossings would cover schemes as seen in renowned attractions. managing traffic flows City hub/boulevard. impact on strategic movement Boston and Paris could also to maintain journey time and only partially reduce be possible. Parallel routes for reliability, and improving

264 Roads Task Force Annexes 265 Unlocking major growth and regeneration across London: Iconic new inner-city quarters 14 Victoria 15 Elephant & Castle

Victoria is one of the busiest which increases pressure coherently as a pedestrian- Elephant & Castle northern congestion, and has poor and facilities for pedestrians rail and Underground stations on adjacent streets. focused place without roundabout is a key public facilities for pedestrians and cyclists. Refined in London’s Central Activities severance. Any plans must transport interchange and and cyclists. There is also designs will balance these Zone. It also has a busy bus Current work to extend the ensure appropriate access major bus network hub on an above-average crime improvements with the station. Pedestrian flows are Underground station will for buses, and be integrated London’s Inner Ring Road. It is rate in the vicinity. movement needs of buses high, with thousands of people provide pedestrian exits with planning for the also densely populated with and other motorised traffic. using the hub every day. inside the Inner Ring Road, District and Circle line station, shops and other attractions The anticipated intensification greatly improving access. to residents. of development at Elephant To effectively reduce conflict Some of the roads in the Large-scale redevelopment and Crossrail 2. They must & Castle will further increase in this area, a reduction in vicinity are one-way, creating of the area will dramatically also consider the evolving Motorised traffic dominance pressure on the area. Previously, motorised traffic is needed. circuitous routes for vehicular enhance the area’s place pattern and intensification causes local severance, proposed measures have The future role of the Inner traffic and severing key function and better cater for of uses in Victoria. decreases the quality of the concentrated on improving Ring Road also needs to pedestrian movement higher pedestrian numbers. public realm, and creates road safety and reducing be agreed to determine corridors, including crossing Proposed street-type: noise and air pollution. severance but have done little whether alternative orbital movements to the rail and Long-term options should City hub/boulevard. The roundabout has the to improve the sense of place. capacity may be required. Underground stations located consider diverting the Inner worst collision record for A recent peninsularisation outside the Inner Ring Road. Ring Road outside the station all comparable junctions concept could have Proposed street-type: The bus station cannot hub. This could enable in London, experiences transformative impacts on City hub/boulevard. contain all bus services, Victoria to be developed more significant levels of bus public space, road safety,

266 Roads Task Force Annexes 267 Glossary

Roads/streets: Capacity for vehicles: Interchangeable terms for the The number of vehicles that public spaces between buildings can move along a road during which provide for movement, a given period of time. living, unlocking, functioning, protecting and sustaining. Capacity for people: The number of people that Trips: can move along a road during Movements from origins to a given period of time. destinations, such as from homes to workplaces. A single trip contains Congestion: at least one journey stage. The additional time taken to complete a journey (usually expressed in Journey stages: minutes per kilometre) compared Unlocking major growth and regeneration across London: Iconic new inner-city quarters The stages of a trip. For example, to the ‘free flow’ journey time, ie a person’s trip from their home when unimpeded by other traffic. to their workplace may contain 16 Wellesley Road, Croydon three journey stages: walking to their Reliability: nearest Underground station, taking The variability in journey times, the Underground to central London, measured as the proportion of This key transport corridor Measures are under way will require good access and walking to their workplace. typical 30 minute road journeys runs through the heart of through the Connected via Wellesley Road. The equivalent trip by car would completed within 25-35 minutes. the Croydon Metropolitan Croydon programme, Strategic measures in the equate to a single journey stage. Centre. The area benefits from supported by the Mayor locality and beyond are Car-lite development: excellent transport connections and the borough, with the required to balance the Traffic: High density, mixed-use development and established commercial, aim of enhancing its place additional demand from Motor vehicle traffic, cyclists which aims to minimise car use and retail and civic functions. functions and reducing the this new development and pedestrians. reduce car ownership in particular severance created by the road with the aspiration for an areas through a range of measures. Croydon Metropolitan Centre through better wayfinding, improved urban realm. Vehicular traffic: It seeks to replicate effective features has suffered from a period pedestrian crossings, and Motor vehicles and cyclists. of car-free schemes in Europe by of decline, with many improved cycling facilities. Proposed street-type: delivering direct quid pro quos such under-used commercial City street. Motorised traffic: as more liveable streets for those properties and a poor urban The proposed redevelopment Cars, taxis, buses, vans, HGVs, who choose not to own a car. realm. Generally there is of the Whitgift Shopping Centre powered two-wheelers and clear acknowledgement by Westfield and Hammerson other motorised vehicles. that Croydon needs a high- represents a significant quality, integrated urban opportunity for Croydon to Private motorised traffic: realm as part of the catalyst renew its commercial and Motorised traffic excluding for future investment. retail offer. The development buses and (sometimes) taxis.

268 Roads Task Force Annexes 269 List of photographic sources page London Legacy Development Corporation 29 Sellar Property Group 30 London Communications Agency 31 Nine Elms 51 Guidedogs 106 NYC DOT 107 Alamy 109 Daan Roosegaarde design 109 Geoff Crawford 112 Hamilton-Baillie Associates & Martin Cassini 113 NYC DOT 114 NYC DOT 115 Getty Images 115 Laservision – Creators of the Softstop Barrier System 118 Alamy 120 Getty Images 121 SF Park 121 Spitsscoren 124 Alamy 124 Alamy 127 Lennart Johansson 127 Design IPV Delft 129 Heatherwick Studio 131 Alamy 132 Alamy 133 Sustrans 138 Peter Jones 139 Alamy 158 Alamy 162 Heatherwick Studio 167 JC Choblet scénographe urbain/APUR 170 Norwegian Public Roads Administration and Aas-Jakobsen 172 Getty Images 179

270 Roads Task Force Annexes tfl.gov.uk/roadstaskforce July 2013