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Morocco Water and Soil Resources Conservation Project

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Morocco Water and Soil Resources Conservation Project MOROCCO WATER AND SOIL RESOURCES CONSERVATION PROJECT Project Number 608-0213 FINAL REPORT Submitted by ISPAN Consultants Mohamed Ait Kadi Farouk Alioua Ahmed Bouaziz Abdelhafd Debbarh Steven Dennison John H. Eriksen Larbi Firdawcy Fred A. Fox, Jr. Donald Humpal Jack W. King, Jr. Donald C. Slack Mohamed Tozy NOVEMBER 1991 This consultancy was performed under a contract between the USAID Mission to Morocco and the Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East (ISPAN). The objective of the design effort was to gather relevant information and complete the technical, environmental, economic, financial, socio-institutional, policy and private sector analyses required for completing of the Morocco Water and Soil Conservation Project Paper to be finalized by USAID. The consultants were responsible for designing each of the major Elements of the project, in accordance with the approved project rationale as reflected in the Project Identification Document (PID), including the types and magnitudes of the recommended technical assistance, training and commodity inputs, and detailed cost estimates and terms of reference for securing said project implementation support services. The final report includes each of the major sections for the Project Paper, as per the requirements in AID Handbook 3. The design team was composed of American and Moroccan consultants. The American consultants were: John H. Eriksen Co-Team Leader/Agricultural Economist, Ithaca International Limited Steven Dennison Natural Resources Economist, Associates in Rural Development, Inc. Fred A. Fox, Jr. Irrigation Engineer, University of Arizona Donald Humpal Agribusiness Specialist, Development Alternatives, Inc. Jack W. King, Jr. Soil Scientist/Agronomist, Ithaca International Limited Donald C. Slack Irrigation Engineer, University of Arizona The Moroccan consultants were: Mohamed Ait Kadi Co-Team Leader/Irrigation Systems Advi­ sor, Hassan II Institute of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Farouk Alioua Economist, Hassan II Institute of Agricul­ ture and Veterinary Medicine Ahmed Bouaziz Agronomist, Hassan II Institute of Agri­ culture and Veterinary Medicine Abdelhafd Debbarh Agricultural Engineer, Hassan II Institute of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Larbi Firdawcy Sociologist, Hassan II Institu'e of Agricul­ ture and Veterinary Med.iane Mohamed Tozy Sociologist The consulting mission was conducted between 11 September and 1 November 1991. The first week of the mission was taken up with team planning meetings and consultations with USAID in Rabat. The next three weeks were devoted to field activities in the ORMVAT perimeter from a team base in Beni Melial. The balance of the team's time was spent in Rabat writing, editing and revising the final report. Between 5 and 27 November 1991, final editing of the report and annexes was done in the United States. In submitting the final report, the design team wishes to express its appreciation to the many Moroccans and Americans in both official and private capacities who provided information to team members and otherwise greatly assisted with the successful execution of the consulting mission. TABLE OF CONTENTS PROJECT RATIONALE AND DESCRIPIION 1 A. Rationale for the Project 1 1. Background i 2. Relationship to USAID Country Strategy and Program 3 3. Relationships to Other Donor Activities 4 B. Project Description 11 1. Perceived Problems to be Addressed by the Pr.-ject 11 2. ProjcL Goal 11 3. Project Purpose 11 4. Project Outputs 11 a. Element 1 11 b. Element 2 12 c. Element 3 13 d. Element 4 13 5. Project Inputs a. Element 1 -- Improving Knowledge and Management of Water Resources at the System Level in the ORMVAT 15 b. Element 2 -- Improving Knowledge and Management of Resources at the Farm Level in the ORMVAT 21 c. Element 3 -- Mitigation of the Adverse Environmental Impacts Associated with Resource Misuse 25 d. Element 4 -- Private Sector Resource Allocation, Management and Use 30 I COST ESTIMATE AND FINANCIAL PLAN 34 A. Cost Estimates and Financial Plan 34 1. USAID Contribution 34 2. Projected Contributions from the GOM and the Private Sector 34 B. Methods of Implementation and Financing 34 1. Direct Payments 34 2. Reimbursement 36 C. Recurrent Costs and Flow of Funds 36 1. GOM 36 2. Private Sector 36 3. USAID 36 D. Project Audit Requirements 37 E. Standard USAID Project Financial Tables 37 I. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 38 A. Project Staffing and Relationships 38 B. Relationships to the ORMVAT 38 C. USAID Staff Requirements 39 D. Methods for Implementation of the Project Elements 39 1. Implementation of Element 1 39 a. Working Units 40 b. Integrated Distribution System Operation Management 41 2. Implementation of Element 2 42 a. The Process of Communication and Feedback 42 b. Generating Information and Innovation 43 3. Implementation of Element 3 44 a. Groundwater and Water Quality Monitoring Systems 45 b. Agro-chemical Storage, Handling, Use and Disposal 46 4. Implementation of Element 4 46 IV. MONITORING PLAN 52 A. Tracking of Project Implementation 52 B. Project Impact Monitoring and Evaluation 52 1. Reactions in the ORMVAT Perimeter to Project Activities 52 2. Project Impacts in the ORM*VAT Perimeter 53 3. Central Elements of the Monitoring and Evaluation Plan 53 4. Implementation of the Monitoring/ Evaluation Plan 54 5. Objectively Verifiable Indicators to be Tracked 55 a. Indicators for Element 1 55 b. Indicators for Element 2 55 c. Indicators for Element 3 56 d. Indicators for Element 4 56 V. SUMMARIES OF ANALYSES 57 A. Technical Analysis 57 1. Element 1 -- System-Level Water Management Issues 57 a. Physical and Operational Characteristics of the Existing System 57 b. Demands Imposed on the System by Policy Changes 58 c. How Project Interventions Address System Demands and Limitations 59 2. Element 2 -- Farm-Level Issues 60 a. Water Use Strategies 60 b. Agricultural Chemical Strategies 61 c. Crop Production Strategies 61 d. Impacts 61 3. Element 3 -- Environmental Issues 62 a. Groundwater Resources and Perimeter Drainage Systems 62 b. Soil Modification and Water Quality 63 c. Agro-Chemical Storage, Use and Disposal 64 4. Element 4 -- Private Sector Resource Allocation, Management and Use 64 a. Promotion of the Private Sector 64 b. Cooperatives and Professional Associations 65 B. Financial Analysis 67 1. Cost Estimates and Financial Plan 67 2. Methods of Implementation and Financing 67 a. Direct Payments 67 b. Reimbursement 67 3. Recurrent Costs and Flow of Funds 68 a. GOM 68 b. Private Sector 68 c. USAID 68 4. Project Audit Requirements 68 C. Economic Analysis 68 D. Administrative Analysis 71 1. Introduction 71 2. The ORMVAT 71 3. Other GOM Agencies 73 4. Private Sector Firms, Professional Associations and Other Support Agencies 74 a. Private Sector Firms 74 b. Professional Associations 75 c. Other Support Agencies 76 5. Cooperatives and Irrigation Associations 77 a. Cooperatives 77 b. Irrigation Associations 80 E. Environmental Analysis 81 F. Social Soundness Analysis 82 1. Socio-Cultural Feasibility 82 a. Who Lives Where? 82 b. How Are They Organized? 83 c. Allocation of Time 86 d. Motivation 88 e. Minimum Participator Profiles 89 f. Matching Participators and the Project 90 g. Obstacles to Progress 91 h. Communications Strategies 92 2. Spread Effects: The Diffusion of Innovations 92 3. Social Consequences and Benefit Incidence 93 a. Access to Resources and Opportunities 93 b. Employment Effects 94 c. Rural Displacement, Migration and Urbanization 95 d. Changes in Power and Participation 97 VI. CONDITIONS AND COVENANT'S 99 VII. EVALUATION AND AUDIT ARRANGEMENTS 99 REPORT ANNEXES Annex A -- PID Approval Message and PD 71 Determination Annex B -- Logical Framework Annex C -- Statutory Checklist Annex D -- Government of Morocco Request for Assistance Annex E -- FAA, Section 611 (e) Certifications Annex F -- Technical Analyses Annex G -- Financial Analysis Annex H -- Economic Analysis Annex I - Social Soundness Analysis Annex J -- Administrative Analysis Annex K -- List of Persons Contacted Annex L - Report Bibliography ACRONYMS AND DEiHNITIONS ABT Association des Betteraviers du Tadla/Tadla Sugar Beet Producers Association ACT Associations des Cotonniers du Tadla/Tadla Cotton Producers Association ADB African Development Bank AET Association des Eleveurs du Tadla/Livestock Producers Association of Tadla AH Administration de Hydraulique/Hydraulic Administration AID Agency for International Development - used to denote AID headquarters in Washington, D.C. as distinguished from field mission denoted as USAID. ANE Former Asia/Near East Bureau of AID ASAL II Agricultural Sector Adjustment Loan (executed between the Government of Morocco and the World Bank in 1987 for the period 1987 to 1992) ASIL Agricultural Sector Investment Loan of the World Bank ASPAM Association des Producteurs des Agrumes du Maroc/Morocco Ci'rus Producers Association BCD Bureau des Cultures Diverses/Bureau for Other Crops of the ORMVAT/SPA BE Bureau d'Exploitvion/Bureau for Management of the ORMVAT/SGRID BEI European Investment Bank BGA Bureau de Gestion et d'Approvisionnement/Bureau for Management and Input Supply in the ORMVAT/SPA BTI Bureau des Techniques des Irrigation et de Drainage/Technical Bureau for Irrigation and Drainage of the ORMVAT/SGRID BV Bureau de Vulgarisation/Bureau for Extension in the ORMVAT/SVOP CA Conseil d'Administration/Administrative Council of ORMVAT CAP Common Agricultural Policy of the European Community CIP Commodity Import Program CMV Centre de Mise en Valeur/Development Centei CNCA Caisse Nationale
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