Chapter 1 1 Basic Life Support
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2015 Korean Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Clin Exp Emerg Med 2016;3(S):S1-S9 http://dx.doi.org/10.15441/ceem.16.133 Supplementary Part 1. The update process and eISSN: 2383-4625 highlights: 2015 Korean Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Sung Oh Hwang1, Sung Phil Chung2, Keun Jeong Song3, Hyun Kim1, Tae Ho Rho4, Kyu Nam Park5, Young-Min Kim5, June Dong Park6, Ai-Rhan Ellen Kim7, Hyuk Jun Yang8 Received: 16 February 2016 Revised: 19 March 2016 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea Accepted: 19 March 2016 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Correspondence to: Sung Oh Hwang 4Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Emergency Medicine, 5Department of Emergency Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Yonsei University Wonju College of 7Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Medicine, 20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju 26426, 8Department of Emergency Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea Korea E-mail: [email protected] THE BACKGROUND AND UPDATE PROCESS OF THE GUIDELINES FOR CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION 1. The background of the guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cardiac arrest can occur inside medical institutions (in-hospital) -
Respiratory Monitoring System Using Thermistor
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 119 No. 12 2018, 11567-11575 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu Special Issue ijpam.eu RESPIRATORY MONITORING SYSTEM USING THERMISTOR 1Gagandeep kour , 2Mohammad Rouman ,Geetha.M3 1,2UG Students, 3Assistant Professor Department of Biomedical Engineering BIHER, BIST, Bharath University Chennai- 6000073. gagandeeplkour. [email protected] Abstract:- respiration is defined as the process of movement of oxygen from the outside air to the cells within tissues and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. Respiration can be cellular as well as physiological. In cellular respiration an organism obtains energy in the form of ATP by oxidising nutrients and releasing waste products while as the physiological respiration is necessary to sustain cellular respiration and thus life. Physiological respiration involves ventilation of lungs alveoli with atmospheric air moved into and out of the lungs through inhalation and exhalation, otherwise known as breathing. This project helps to checks the breathing rate of a patient who is suffering from coma, trauma, strokes, seizures at easily accessible levels. The respiratory monitoring system helps to check the breathing rate of a patient with the help of an arduino based system. the main components of this machine are Arduino, thermistor, heart pulse rate sensor, LED, LCD, buzzer alarm, battery. The patient breathes through a mask in which thermistor is placed and then the machine measures the breathing rate. the arduino used here is Arduino UNO(ATmega328 P). Keywords: respiratory device, breathing, Arduino, heart pulse rate sensor, thermistor, alarm. contains 2.5-3.0 litres of air. -
Contents Contents by Condition
Contents Contents by Condition ..................ix Thomas' test .....................54 Foreword ...............................xv Tinel's sign ..........................55 Preface ............................xvi... Trendelenburg's sign ................... 56 Acknowledgements................... XVIII ... True leg length discrepancy (anatomic Authors ...........................xv111 leg length discrepancy) ............... 57 Expert Reviewers ..................... xix Ulnar deviation ...................... 58 Reviewers ..........................xix V-sign ............................. 59 Abbreviations ........................ xx Valgus deformity ..................... 60 Varus deformity ......................63 Chapter 1 Yergason's sign ...................... 65 Musculoskeletal Signs .... Anterior drawer test ...... ........2 Chapter 2 Apley's grind test ......................3 Respiratory Signs ........................71 Apley's scratch test ..................... 4 Apparent leg length inequality (functional Accessory muscle breathing ........................... 73 leg length) ......................... 5 Agonal respiration ......................................... 74 Apprehension test (crank test) .............6 Apneustic breathing (also apneusis) ................ 75 Apprehension-relocation test (Fowler's Apnoea ........................................................ 76 agn) .............................7 Asterixis ........................................................78 Bouchard's and Heberden's nodes ..........8 Asymmetrical chest expansion -
Basic Life Support + First Aid for Healthcare Providers 2020 Course Introduction
Basic Life Support + First Aid for Healthcare Providers 2020 Course Introduction SECTION 1: Foundational concepts of BCLS SECTION 2: Response to an adult in cardiac arrest SECTION 3: Basic Life Support for infants and children SECTION 4: Automated external defibrillation in infants and children SECTION 5: Preventing cardiac arrest SECTION 6: First aid for adults SECTION 7: First aid for children Activity Summary • Activity Title: Basic Life Support (BLS) & First Aid (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), Automated External Defibrillator (AED), and First Aid) • Release date: 2021-06-01 • Expiration date: 2024-06-01 • Estimated time to complete activity: 8 hours • This course is accessible with any web browser. We recommend recent versions of • Google Chrome, Internet Explorer 9 and later, or Apple iPad. • This course is jointly provided by Pacific Medical Training and Postgraduate Institute for Medicine (PIM). You may reach PIM at [email protected]. Target Audience This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, registered nurses, pharmacists and dentists involved in the care of patients who require advanced life support. 3103 Philmont Ave, Suite 308 • Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 • 800-417-1748 page 1 Educational Objectives After completing this activity, the participant should be better able to: • Explain the change in emphasis from airway and ventilation to compressions and perfusion. • Select the correct order of interventions for the victim of cardiopulmonary arrest. • List the steps required to safely operate an AED. • Differentiate between adult and pediatric guidelines for CPR. • Explain how to apply the various first aid interventions. • Describe how to apply the various pediatric first aid interventions. -
Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality 1
Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality 1 Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality Web-based Integrated 2010 & 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Key Words: cardiac arrest cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillation emergency 1 Highlights & Introduction 1.1 Highlights: Lay Rescuer CPR Summary of Key Issues and Major Changes Key issues and major changes in the 2015 Guidelines Update recommendations for adult CPR by lay rescuers include the following: The crucial links in the out-of-hospital adult Chain of Survival are unchanged from 2010, with continued emphasis on the simplified universal Adult Basic Life Support (BLS) Algorithm. The Adult BLS Algorithm has been modified to reflect the fact that rescuers can activate an emergency response (ie, through use of a mobile telephone) without leaving the victim’s side. It is recommended that communities with people at risk for cardiac arrest implement PAD programs. Recommendations have been strengthened to encourage immediate recognition of unresponsiveness, activation of the emergency response system, and initiation of CPR if the lay rescuer finds an unresponsive victim is not breathing or not breathing normally (eg, gasping). Emphasis has been increased about the rapid identification of potential cardiac arrest by dispatchers, with immediate provision of CPR instructions to the caller (ie, dispatch-guided CPR). The recommended sequence for a single rescuer has been confirmed: the single rescuer is to initiate chest compressions before giving rescue breaths (C-A-B rather than A-B-C) to reduce delay to first compression. The single rescuer should begin CPR with 30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths. -
NIMS 508 Stillwater Flood Search and Rescue Team
Resource Typing Definition for Response Mass Search and Rescue Operations STILLWATER/FLOOD SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM DESCRIPTION The Stillwater/Flood Search and Rescue (SAR) Team conducts search, rescue, and recovery operations for humans and animals in stillwater and stillwater/flood environments RESOURCE CATEGORY Search and Rescue RESOURCE KIND Team OVERALL FUNCTION The Stillwater/Flood SAR team: 1. Searches for and rescues individuals who may be injured or otherwise in need of medical attention 2. Provides emergency medical care, including Basic Life Support (BLS) 3. Provides animal rescue 4. Transports humans and animals to the nearest location for secondary land or air transport 5. Provides shore-based and boat-based water rescue for humans and animals 6. Supports helicopter rescue operations and urban SAR in water environments for humans and animals 7. Operates in environments with or without infrastructure, including environments with disrupted access to roadways, utilities, transportation, and medical facilities, and with limited access to shelter, food, and water COMPOSITION AND ORDERING 1. Requestor and provider address certain needs and issues prior to deployment, including: SPECIFICATIONS a. Communications equipment that enables more than intra-team communications, such as programmable interoperable communications equipment with capabilities for command, logistics, military, air, and so on b. Type of incident and operational environment, such as weather event, levy or dam breach, or risk of hazardous materials (HAZMAT) contamination c. Additional specialized personnel, such as advanced medical staff, animal SAR specialists, logistics specialists, advisors, helicopter support staff, or support personnel for unique operating environments d. Additional transportation-related needs, including specific vehicles, boats, trailers, drivers, mechanics, equipment, supplies, fuel, and so on e. -
Cardiac Arrest Recognition and Telephone CPR by Emergency Medical Dispatchers
OriginalgOdRe Article Cardiac arrest recognition and telephone CPR by emergency medical dispatchers Mark Anthony Attard Biancardi, Peter Spiteri, Maria Pia Pace Abstract Results: The mean percentage recognition of Introduction: Emergency Medical Service out of hospital cardiac arrest by the Maltese EMDs (EMS) systems annually encounters about 275 000 was 67%. 28% of EMDs who recognized cardiac out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in arrest asked both questions regarding patient’s Europe and approximately 420,000 cases in the responsiveness and breathing whilst only 8% of United States.1 Survival rates have been reported to EMDs who did not recognize cardiac arrest asked be poor with approximately 10% survival to both questions. The mean percentage of telephone hospital discharge.2 The chance of surviving from assisted CPR was 58%. an OHCA is highly associated with Emergency Conclusion: When compared to other Medical Dispatchers’ (EMD) recognition of cardiac European countries, OHCA recognition by Maltese arrest, early bystander cardiopulmonary EMDs needs to improve. However, given that the resuscitation (CPR), and early defibrillation.3-6 local EMDs have no formal guidelines or Method: This study was a simulation based algorithms for their use during 112 calls, results are study. All emergency nurses who were eligible by encouraging to say the least especially in telephone training to answer 112 calls and activate the EMS assisted CPR. With education and simulation training, were included in this study. The simulations were these numbers should improve run by two experienced ED nurses who followed predefined scripts. The two key questions that the Key Words authors were after included ascertaining patient Emergency Medical Services, Emergency responsiveness and breathing status. -
Dive Medicine Aide-Memoire Lt(N) K Brett Reviewed by Lcol a Grodecki Diving Physics Physics
Dive Medicine Aide-Memoire Lt(N) K Brett Reviewed by LCol A Grodecki Diving Physics Physics • Air ~78% N2, ~21% O2, ~0.03% CO2 Atmospheric pressure Atmospheric Pressure Absolute Pressure Hydrostatic/ gauge Pressure Hydrostatic/ Gauge Pressure Conversions • Hydrostatic/ gauge pressure (P) = • 1 bar = 101 KPa = 0.987 atm = ~1 atm for every 10 msw/33fsw ~14.5 psi • Modification needed if diving at • 10 msw = 1 bar = 0.987 atm altitude • 33.07 fsw = 1 atm = 1.013 bar • Atmospheric P (1 atm at 0msw) • Absolute P (ata)= gauge P +1 atm • Absolute P = gauge P + • °F = (9/5 x °C) +32 atmospheric P • °C= 5/9 (°F – 32) • Water virtually incompressible – density remains ~same regardless • °R (rankine) = °F + 460 **absolute depth/pressure • K (Kelvin) = °C + 273 **absolute • Density salt water 1027 kg/m3 • Density fresh water 1000kg/m3 • Calculate depth from gauge pressure you divide press by 0.1027 (salt water) or 0.10000 (fresh water) Laws & Principles • All calculations require absolute units • Henry’s Law: (K, °R, ATA) • The amount of gas that will dissolve in a liquid is almost directly proportional to • Charles’ Law V1/T1 = V2/T2 the partial press of that gas, & inversely proportional to absolute temp • Guy-Lussac’s Law P1/T1 = P2/T2 • Partial Pressure (pp) – pressure • Boyle’s Law P1V1= P2V2 contributed by a single gas in a mix • General Gas Law (P1V1)/ T1 = (P2V2)/ T2 • To determine the partial pressure of a gas at any depth, we multiply the press (ata) • Archimedes' Principle x %of that gas Henry’s Law • Any object immersed in liquid is buoyed -
Basic Life Support Health Care Provider
ELLIS & ASSOCIATES Health Care Provider Basic Life Support MEETS CURRENT CPR & ECC GUIDELINES Ellis & Associates / Safety & Health HEALTH CARE PROVIDER BASIC LIFE SUPPORT - I Ellis & Associates, Inc. P.O. Box 2160, Windermere, FL 34786-2160 www.jellis.com Copyright © 2016 by Ellis & Associates, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. For permission requests, write to the publisher, addressed “Attention: Permissions Coordinator,” at the address below. Ellis & Associates P.O. Box 2160, Windermere, FL 34786-2160 Ordering Information: Quantity sales. Special discounts are available on quantity purchases by corporations, associations, trade bookstores and wholesalers. For details, contact the publisher at the address above. Disclaimer: The procedures and protocols presented in this manual and the course are based on the most current recommendations of responsible medical sources, including the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) 2015 Guidelines for CPR & ECC. Ellis & Associates, however, make no guarantee as to, and assume no responsibility for, the correctness, sufficiency, or completeness of such recommendations or information. Additional procedures may be required under particular circumstances. Ellis & Associates disclaims all liability for damages of any kind arising from the use of, reference to, reliance on, or performance based on such information. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Not Available at Time of Printing ISBN 978-0-9961108-0-8 Unless otherwise indicated on the Credits Page, all photographs and illustrations are copyright protected by Ellis & Associates. -
Initial Capnography Values and Resuscitation Outcomes of Patients Assisted by Basic Life Support Units in First Instance
Submitted: 09 December, 2020 Accepted: 05 February, 2021 Published: 08 July, 2021 DOI:10.22514/sv.2021.099 ORIGINALRESEARCH Initial capnography values and resuscitation outcomes of patients assisted by basic life support units in first instance; descriptive prospective study Francisco José Cereceda-Sánchez1;*, Jaume Ponce-Taylor1, Pedro Montero-París1, Iñaki Unzaga-Ercilla1, Natalia Martinez-Cuellar1, Jesús Molina-Mula2 1SAMU 061 Baleares, C/Illes Balears sn. Abstract Palma de Mallorca, 07014, Spain Introduction: Understanding the key factors which affect out hospital cardiac arrest 2Phd Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy University of Balearic (OHCA) outcomes is essential in order to promote patient treatment. The main Islands, Ctra. De Valldemossa, km 7,5 objective of this research was to describe the correlations between the capnographic Palma de Mallorca (Islas Baleares), values obtained during the first minute of monitoring on cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 07122, Spain assisted by basic life-support units, with the results as return of spontaneous circulation *Correspondence (ROSC) and alive hospital admission. The secondary objectives were to describe the [email protected] sociodemographic characteristics of the patients assisted, and to analyze any correlations (Francisco José Cereceda-Sánchez) between receiving basic life-support units and/or defibrillation prior to the arrival of basic life-support units, and the results of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers. Methods: A prospective, descriptive, observational study of adult non-traumatic out hospital cardiac arrest patients was conducted. The patients were initially assisted by basic life-support units on the island of Mallorca, with one minute of initial capnography monitoring. Results: From July 2018 to March 2020, fifty-nine patients meeting the inclusion criteria were assisted, 76% were men and their mean age was 64.45 (15.07) years old. -
Goals of Care and End of Life in the ICU
Goals of Care and End of Life in the ICU Ana Berlin, MD, MPH, FACS KEYWORDS Goals of care Shared decision making ICU Functional and cognitive outcomes End-of-life care Palliative care Communication KEY POINTS The trauma and long-term sequelae of critical illness affect not only patients but also their families and caregivers. Unrealistic expectations and erroneous assumptions about the outcomes acceptable to patients are important drivers of misguided and goal-discordant medical treatment. Compassionately delivering accurate and honest prognostic information inclusive of func- tional, cognitive, and psychosocial outcomes is crucial for helping patients and families understand what to expect from an episode of surgical crticial illness. Skilled communication and shared decision-making strategies ensure that treatments provided in the ICU are aligned with realistic and attainable patient goals. Attentive management of physical and nonphysical symptoms, including the psychosocial and spiritual needs of families and caregivers, eases suffering in the ICU and beyond. INTRODUCTION There is little doubt that the past half-century has seen tremendous advances in surgical critical care. The advent of lung-protective ventilation in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the evolution of balanced resusci- tation strategies for the reduction of abdominal compartment syndrome, and the aggressive deployment of prevention and treatment strategies against the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis, along with many other technological innovations, have markedly reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with critical illness and multiorgan system failure. Nevertheless, at times even the Disclosure Statement: Support for Dr A. Berlin’s preparation of this article was provided by the New Jersey Medical School Hispanic Center of Excellence, Health Resources and Services Administration through Grant D34HP26020. -
NYS CFR Protocols
New York State Department of Health Bureau of Emergency Medical Services Statewide Basic Life Support Adult & Pediatric Treatment Protocols Certified First Responder 2003 = Preface and Acknowledgments The 2003 New York State (NYS) Statewide Basic Life Support Adult & Pediatric Treatment Protocols for the Certified First Responder (CFR) includes revisions to match the current New York State CFR course curricula. These 2003 statewide protocols also include de- emphasizing the use of CUPS. CUPS is no longer required to be taught in NYS Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Courses and is not tested in Practical Skills Examinations or State Written Certification Examinations. We would like to acknowledge the members of the New York State EMS Council’s Medical Standards Committee for the time and effort given to developing this set of protocols. In addition, we would like to recognize the efforts of the Regional Emergency Medical Advisory Committees (REMACS) for their input and review. Mark Henry, MD, FACEP Medical Director Edward Wronski, Director State Emergency Medical Advisory Committee Bureau of Emergency Medical Services NYS CFR Basic Life Support Protocols NYS CFR Basic Life Support Protocols Introduction The 2003 NYS Statewide Basic Life Support Adult and Pediatric Treatment Protocols designed by the Bureau of Emergency Medical Services of the New York State Department of Health and the New York State Emergency Medical Services Council. These protocols have been reviewed and approved by the New York State Emergency Medical Advisory Committee (SEMAC) and the New York State Emergency Medical Services Council (SEMSCO). The protocols reflect the current minimally acceptable statewide treatment standards for adult and pediatric basic life support (BLS) used by the Certified First Responder (CFR).