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Citizen Cyborg.” Citizen a Groundbreaking Work of Social Commentary, Citizen Cyborg Artificial Intelligence, Nanotechnology, and Genetic Engineering —DR
hughes (continued from front flap) $26.95 US ADVANCE PRAISE FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE NANOTECHNOLOGY GENETIC ENGINEERING MEDICAL ETHICS INVITRO FERTILIZATION STEM-CELL RESEARCH $37.95 CAN citizen LIFE EXTENSION GENETIC PATENTS HUMAN GENETIC ENGINEERING CLONING SEX SELECTION ASSISTED SUICIDE UNIVERSAL HEALTHCARE human genetic engineering, sex selection, drugs, and assisted In the next fifty years, life spans will extend well beyond a century. suicide—and concludes with a concrete political agenda for pro- cyborg Our senses and cognition will be enhanced. We will have greater technology progressives, including expanding and deepening control over our emotions and memory. Our bodies and brains “A challenging and provocative look at the intersection of human self-modification and human rights, reforming genetic patent laws, and providing SOCIETIES MUST RESPOND TO THE REDESIGNED HUMAN OF FUTURE WHY DEMOCRATIC will be surrounded by and merged with computer power. The limits political governance. Everyone wondering how society will be able to handle the coming citizen everyone with healthcare and a basic guaranteed income. of the human body will be transcended, as technologies such as possibilities of A.I. and genomics should read Citizen Cyborg.” citizen A groundbreaking work of social commentary, Citizen Cyborg artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, and genetic engineering —DR. GREGORY STOCK, author of Redesigning Humans illuminates the technologies that are pushing the boundaries of converge and accelerate. With them, we will redesign ourselves and humanness—and the debate that may determine the future of the our children into varieties of posthumanity. “A powerful indictment of the anti-rationalist attitudes that are dominating our national human race itself. -
Fluorometholone Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% W/V Corticosteroid Anti-Inflammatory
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH PrFML® Fluorometholone Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% w/v Corticosteroid Anti-Inflammatory Allergan Inc. Date of Preparation: Markham, ON October 30, 1972 L6G 0B5 Date of Revision: May 2, 2018 Submission Control No: 214474 Page 1 of 12 NAME OF DRUG Pr ® FML Fluorometholone Ophthalmic Suspension 0.1% w/v THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION Topical corticosteroid ACTIONS Corticosteroids inhibit the inflammatory response to a variety of inciting agents of a mechanical, chemical and immunological nature. They inhibit edema, fibrin deposition, capillary dilation, leukocyte migration, phagocytic activity, capillary proliferation, fibroblast proliferation, deposition of collagen and scar formation associated with inflammation. Corticosteroids are thought to act by controlling the rate of synthesis of proteins. Corticosteroids and their derivatives are capable of producing a rise in intraocular pressure. INDICATIONS FML® (fluorometholone ophthalmic suspension 0.1% w/v) is indicated for the treatment of steroid- responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe. CONTRAINDICATIONS FML® is contraindicated in: Superficial (or epithelial) herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, and other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva. Fungal diseases of ocular structures. Mycobacterial infections of the eye (e.g., Tuberculosis of the eye). Acute untreated infections of the eye. Hypersensitivity to the constituents of this medication (for a listing of ingredients, see PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION), or hypersensitivity to other corticosteroids. Page 2 of 12 WARNINGS Use of topical corticosteroids may cause increased intraocular pressure (IOP) in certain individuals. It is necessary that the IOP be checked frequently in patients with a history of glaucoma. Use of corticosteroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral eye infections (including herpes simplex). -
Addictions and the Brain
9/18/2012 Addictions and the Brain TAAP Conference September 14, 2012 Acknowledgements • La Hacienda Treatment Center • American Society of Addiction Medicine • National Institute of Drug Abuse © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. All rights reserved. 1 9/18/2012 Definition • A primary, progressive biochemical, psychosocial, genetically transmitted chronic disease of relapse who’s hallmarks are denial, loss of control and unmanageability. DSM IV Criteria for dependency: At least 3 of the 7 below 1. Withdrawal 2. Tolerance 3. The substance is taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended. 4. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use. 5. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the substance, use the substance, or recover from its effects. 6. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of the substance use. 7. The substance use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance. © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. All rights reserved. 2 9/18/2012 Dispute between behavior and disease Present understanding of the Hypothalamus location of the disease hypothesis. © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. All rights reserved. 3 9/18/2012 © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. All rights reserved. 4 9/18/2012 © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. All rights reserved. 5 9/18/2012 Dispute regarding behavior versus disease © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. All rights reserved. 6 9/18/2012 © 2012 La Hacienda Treatment Center. -
Pre Feasibility Report for Manufacturing of Apis
Pre Feasibility Report For Manufacturing of APIs Cipla Limited Plot No. M12 & M14, Misc. Zone, Phase II, Sector III, Indore SEZ, Pithampur, District Dhar (M.P). - 454775 1 1. IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT: CIPLA Ltd is established in the year 1935 as a listed Public Limited Company. CIPLA is engaged in manufacturing of Bulk Drugs and Formulations of wide range of products in the form of tablets, injections, inhalers, capsules, ointment, powder, topical preparations, liquid, syrup drops, sprays, gels, suppositories etc. The company is having its registered office at Mumbai Central, Mumbai – 400 008. 80 years later, the company has become a front runner in the pharmaceutical industry, wielding the latest technology to combat disease and suffering in many ways, touching the lives of thousands the world over.The company’s products are manufactured in 25 state-of- art units. The company is having its manufacturing facilities at following locations: Locations Product Category Vikhroli- Mumbai R&D Virgonagar (Bangalore) Bulk Drugs and Formulations Bommasandra (Bangalore) Bulk Drug Patalganga Bulk Drugs and Formulations Kurkumbh Bulk Drugs and Formulations Goa Formulations Baddi Formulations Sikkim Formulations Indore Formulations The company is having well defined board of directors followed by managerial and technical team looking after entire operation. Management Council- 1. Mr. Umang Vohra - Managing Director and Global Chief Executive Officer 2. Mr. PrabirJha - Global Chief People Officer 3. Mr. KedarUpadhye - Global Chief Financial Officer 4. Dr. Ranjana Pathak - Global Head – Quality 5. Geena Malhotra - Global Head - Integrated Product Development 6. Mr. Raju Subramanyam – Global Head - Operations List of Key Executives- 1. -
What Are the Acute Treatments for Migraine and How Are They Used?
2. Acute Treatment CQ II-2-1 What are the acute treatments for migraine and how are they used? Recommendation The mainstay of acute treatment for migraine is pharmacotherapy. The drugs used include (1) acetaminophen, (2) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), (3) ergotamines, (4) triptans and (5) antiemetics. Stratified treatment according to the severity of migraine is recommended: use NSAIDs such as aspirin and naproxen for mild to moderate headache, and use triptans for moderate to severe headache, or even mild to moderate headache when NSAIDs were ineffective in the past. It is necessary to give guidance and cautions to patients having acute attacks, and explain the methods of using medications (timing, dose, frequency of use) and medication use during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Grade A Background and Objective The objective of acute treatment is to resolve the migraine attack completely and rapidly and restore the patient’s normal functions. An ideal treatment should have the following characteristics: (1) resolves pain and associated symptoms rapidly; (2) is consistently effective; (3) no recurrence; (4) no need for additional use of medication; (5) no adverse effects; (6) can be administered by the patients themselves; and (7) low cost. Literature was searched to identify acute treatments that satisfy the above conditions. Comments and Evidence The acute treatment drugs for migraine generally include (1) acetaminophens, (2) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), (3) ergotamines, (4) triptans, and (5) antiemetics. For severe migraines including status migrainosus and migraine attacks refractory to treatment, (6) anesthetics, and (7) corticosteroids (dexamethasone) are used (Tables 1 and 2).1)-9) There are two approaches to the selection and sequencing of these medications: “step care” and “stratified care”. -
Pharmacology in MS Advanced Practice Management
Pharmacology in MS Advanced Practice Management Heidi Maloni APRN, BC [email protected] Objectives • Discuss basic principles of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. • Describe the pharmacotherapeutics of drugs used in MS • Identify the role of advanced practice nurse in MS pharmacological management. Advanced Practice Pharmacology Background • Pharmacology: study of a drug’s effects within a living system • Each drug is identified by 3 names: chemical, generic, trade or marketing name N-4-(hydroxyphenyl) acetamide; acetaminophen; Tylenol sodium hypochlorite; bleach; Clorox 4-(diethylamino)-2-butynl ester hydrochloride; oxybutynin chloride; Ditropan • Drugs are derived from: plants, humans, animals, minerals, and chemical substances • Drugs are classified by clinical indication or body system APN Role Safe drug administration Nurses are professionally, legally, morally, and personally responsible for every dose of medication they prescribe or administer Know the usual dose Know usual route of administration Know significant side effects Know major drug interactions Know major contraindication Use the nursing process Pregnancy Safety • Teratogenicity: ability to produce an abnormality in the fetus (thalidomide) • Mutogenicity: ability to produce a genetic mutation (diethylstilbestrol, methotrexate) Pregnancy Safety Categories • A: studies indicate no risk to the fetus (levothyroxan; low dose vitamins, insulin) • B: studies indicate no risk to animal fetus; information in humans is not available (naproxen;acetaminophen; glatiramer -
Fasted and Fed State Human Duodenal Fluids: Characterization, Drug Solubility, and Comparison to Simulated Fluids and with Human Bioavailability
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 163 (2021) 240–251 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ejpb Fasted and fed state human duodenal fluids: Characterization, drug solubility, and comparison to simulated fluids and with human bioavailability D. Dahlgren a, M. Venczel b,c, J.-P. Ridoux b,c, C. Skjold¨ a, A. Müllertz d, R. Holm e, P. Augustijns f, P.M. Hellstrom¨ g, H. Lennernas¨ a,* a Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biopharmaceutics, Uppsala University, Sweden b Global CMC Development Sanofi, Frankfurt, Germany c Global CMC Development Sanofi, Vitry, France d Physiological Pharmaceutics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark e Drug Product Development, Janssen R&D, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium f Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium g Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University, Sweden ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Accurate in vivo predictions of intestinal absorption of low solubility drugs require knowing their solubility in Bioavailability physiologically relevant dissolution media. Aspirated human intestinal fluids (HIF) are the gold standard, fol Food effects lowed by simulated intestinal HIF in the fasted and fed state (FaSSIF/FeSSIF). However, current HIF charac Drug solubility terization data vary, and there is also some controversy regarding the accuracy of FaSSIF and FeSSIF for Human intestinal fluids predicting drug solubility in HIF. This study aimed at characterizing fasted and fed state duodenal HIF from 16 Drug absorption Drug dissolution human volunteers with respect to pH, buffer capacity, osmolarity, surface tension, as well as protein, phos Drug delivery pholipid, and bile salt content. -
Brimonidine Tartrate; Brinzolamide
Contains Nonbinding Recommendations Draft Guidance on Brimonidine Tartrate ; Brinzolamide This draft guidance, when finalized, will represent the current thinking of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, or the Agency) on this topic. It does not establish any rights for any person and is not binding on FDA or the public. You can use an alternative approach if it satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations. To discuss an alternative approach, contact the Office of Generic Drugs. Active Ingredient: Brimonidine tartrate; Brinzolamide Dosage Form; Route: Suspension/drops; ophthalmic Strength: 0.2%; 1% Recommended Studies: One study Type of study: Bioequivalence (BE) study with clinical endpoint Design: Randomized (1:1), double-masked, parallel, two-arm, in vivo Strength: 0.2%; 1% Subjects: Males and females with chronic open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension in both eyes. Additional comments: Specific recommendations are provided below. ______________________________________________________________________________ Analytes to measure (in appropriate biological fluid): Not applicable Bioequivalence based on (95% CI): Clinical endpoint Additional comments regarding the BE study with clinical endpoint: 1. The Office of Generic Drugs (OGD) recommends conducting a BE study with a clinical endpoint in the treatment of open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension comparing the test product to the reference listed drug (RLD), each applied as one drop in both eyes three times daily at approximately 8:00 a.m., 4:00 p.m., and 10:00 p.m. for 42 days (6 weeks). 2. Inclusion criteria (the sponsor may add additional criteria): a. Male or nonpregnant females aged at least 18 years with chronic open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension in both eyes b. -
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System Abacavir 48:24 - Mucolytic Agents - 382638 8:18.08.20 - HIV Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Acitretin 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Abaloparatide 68:24.08 - Parathyroid Agents - 317036 Aclidinium Abatacept 12:08.08 - Antimuscarinics/Antispasmodics - 313022 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - Acrivastine 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 306003 4:08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 Abciximab 48:04.08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 20:12.18 - Platelet-aggregation Inhibitors - 395014 Acyclovir Abemaciclib 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 381045 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317058 84:04.06 - Antivirals - 381036 Abiraterone Adalimumab; -adaz 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 311027 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - AbobotulinumtoxinA 56:92 - GI Drugs, Miscellaneous - 302046 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 302046 92:92 - Other Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents - 12:20.92 - Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Miscellaneous - Adapalene 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Acalabrutinib 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317059 Adefovir Acamprosate 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 302036 28:92 - Central Nervous System Agents, Adenosine 24:04.04.24 - Class IV Antiarrhythmics - 304010 Acarbose Adenovirus Vaccine Live Oral 68:20.02 - alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors - 396015 80:12 - Vaccines - 315016 Acebutolol Ado-Trastuzumab 24:24 - beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents - 387003 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 313041 12:16.08.08 - Selective -
Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Pioglitazone
Department of Clinical Pharmacology University of Helsinki Finland PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTIONS OF PIOGLITAZONE Tiina Jaakkola ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be presented, with the permission of the Medical Faculty of the University of Helsinki, for public examination in Auditorium 2 of Biomedicum, on August 24th, 2007, at 12 noon. Helsinki 2007 JJaakkola_Tiina_vaitos.inddaakkola_Tiina_vaitos.indd 1 117.7.20077.7.2007 221:11:231:11:23 Supervisors: Professor Pertti Neuvonen, MD Department of Clinical Pharmacology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Docent Janne Backman, MD Department of Clinical Pharmacology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Reviewers: Docent Kimmo Malminiemi, MD, MSc Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Tampere Tampere, Finland Professor emeritus Pertti Pentikäinen, MD Department of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Professor Kari Kivistö, MD Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Tampere Tampere, Finland ISBN 978-952-92-2224-7 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-4020-7 (PDF, http://ethesis.helsinki.fi ) Helsinki 2007 Yliopistopaino JJaakkola_Tiina_vaitos.inddaakkola_Tiina_vaitos.indd 2 117.7.20077.7.2007 221:11:551:11:55 JJaakkola_Tiina_vaitos.inddaakkola_Tiina_vaitos.indd 3 117.7.20077.7.2007 221:11:551:11:55 CONTENTS CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................................................................... 6 LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS....................................................................................................... -
Table 1. Glaucoma Medications: Mechanisms, Dosing and Precautions Brand Generic Mechanism of Action Dosage/Avg
OPTOMETRIC STUDY CENTER Table 1. Glaucoma Medications: Mechanisms, Dosing and Precautions Brand Generic Mechanism of Action Dosage/Avg. % Product Sizes Side Effects Warnings Reduction CHOLINERGIC AGENTS Direct Pilocarpine (generic) Pilocarpine 1%, 2%, 4% Increases trabecular outflow BID-QID/15-25% 15ml Headache, blurred vision, myopia, retinal detachment, bronchiole constriction, Angle closure, shortness of breath, retinal narrowing of angle detachment Indirect Phospholine Iodide (Pfizer) Echothiophate iodide 0.125% Increases trabecular outflow QD-BID/15-25% 5ml Same as above plus cataractogenic iris cysts in children, pupillary block, Same as above, plus avoid prior to any increased paralysis with succinylcholine general anesthetic procedure ALPHA-2 AGONISTS Alphagan P (Allergan) Brimonidine tartrate 0.1%, 0.15% with Purite Decreases aqueous production, increases BID-TID/up to 26% 5ml, 10ml, 15ml Dry mouth, hypotension, bradycardia, follicular conjunctivitis, ocular irritation, Monitor for shortness of breath, dizziness, preservative uveoscleral outflow pruritus, dermatitis, conjunctival blanching, eyelid retraction, mydriasis, drug ocular redness and itching, fatigue allergy Brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine tartrate 0.15%, 0.2% Same as above Same as above 5ml, 10ml Same as above Same as above (generic) Iopidine (Novartis) Apraclonidine 0.5% Decreases aqueous production BID-TID/up to 25% 5ml, 10ml Same as above but higher drug allergy (40%) Same as above BETA-BLOCKERS Non-selective Betagan (Allergan) Levobunolol 0.25%, 0.5% Decreases -
Formulary Updates Effective January 1, 2021
Formulary Updates Effective January 1, 2021 Dear Valued Client, Please see the following lists of formulary updates that will apply to the HometownRx Formulary effective January 1 st , 2021. As the competition among clinically similar products increases, our formulary strategy enables us to prefer safe, proven medication alternatives and lower costs without negatively impacting member choice or access. Please note: Not all drugs listed may be covered under your prescription drug benefit. Certain drugs may have specific restrictions or special copay requirements depending on your plan. The formulary alternatives listed are examples of selected alternatives that are on the formulary. Other alternatives may be available. Members on a medication that will no longer be covered may want to talk to their healthcare providers about other options. Medications that do not have alternatives will be available at 100% member coinsurance . Preferred to Non -Preferred Tier Drug Disease State /Drug Class Preferred Alternatives ALREX Eye inflammation loteprednol (generic for LOTEMAX) APRISO 1 Gastrointestinal agent mesalamine (generic for APRISO) BEPREVE Eye allergies azelastine (generic for OPTIVAR) CIPRODEX 1 Ear inflammation ciprofloxacin-dexamethasone (generic for CIPRODEX) COLCRYS 1 Gout colchicine (generic for COLCRYS) FIRST -LANSOPRAZOLE Gastrointestinal agent Over-the-counter lansoprazole without a prescription FIRST -MOUTHWASH BLM Mouth inflammation lidocaine 2% viscous solution (XYLOCAINE) LOTEMAX 1 Eye inflammation loteprednol etabonate (generic