CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK OSMANABAD Compiled by THE MAHARASHTRA CENSUS OFFICE BOMBAY Printed in India bl' the Manager, Goyernment Press and Book Depot, Nagpur and Pullli,hed b;' the Director, Government Printing and Stationery. Maharashtra State, Bombay-4. 1966 [Price-Rs. 8'00] ~ \ t •~ , I ! ; a J i; ~; .. -~h ~ If I) ! ot .; I:z: ~ .. ~ ~ #' y> , .". "" , ... .. _'. - ~ , " t..... .., \ • ... 'toif. "0",... ",. \ '" t, I- '_ 1IIotI", t e U ~ w ... i II -(r; '~ J 3 •oo ..11480.1. .. ;! I- ~ II :II ! U) ~ - C ,. ~ , ~ C I z~ ~ • I '. ':" ~" . l- « •':J ID II Z c( rt ~ 0 · c , -l " 0 Z c ~I .. c( ~ (tt ~ i A " ~ c ,,~ ~ =c ~ :z: ,,~ (J) c (tot ...' I: " 0 CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 Central Government Publications ~s Report, Volume X-·Maharashtra, is published in the following Parts I·A and B General Report I·C Subsidiary Tables II-A General Population Tables II-B (i) General Economic Tables-Industrial Classification II-B (ii) General Economic Tables-Occupational Classification II-C (i) Social and Cultural Tables II-C (ii) Migration Tables III Household Economic Tables IV Report on Housing and Establishments V-A Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-Tables V-B Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-Ethnographic Notes. VI (1-35) Village Surveys (35 monographs on 35 selected villages) VII-A Handicrafts in Maharashtra VII-B Fairs and Festivals in Maharashtra VIII-A Administration Report-Enumeration (For official use only) VIII-B Administration Report-Tabulation (For official use only) IX Census Atlas of Maharashtra X (1-12) Cities of lVIaharashtra (15 Volumes-Four volumes on Greater Bombay and One each on other eleven Cities) ~ State Government Publications 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in English 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in Marathi Alphabetical List of Villages in Maharashtra J -1813-i-B-(Osmanabad). PREFACE On the suggestion of the Census Commissioner, India, the Government of lVtaharasqtra decided to publish the District Census Handbooks on the basis of the material collected du·ri~g. the 1961 Census for all the districts in Maharashtra. A Committee consisting of the Executive Editor and Secretary of the District Gazetteers (Revision) Editorial Board, the Superi'nt~ndent _ of Census Operations, Maharashtra, and the Director, Bureau of Economics and Statigti.c~~ Maharashtra, was appointed to determine the contents and review the drafts of each volume. This is one of the twenty-five volumes compiled in the Maharashtra Census Office and published under that scheme. District Handbooks had been published from the 1951 Census data also. As in the past, the present volume contains a set of 1961 Census Tables for the district and also presents basic demographic and economic information for each village separately. The following improve­ ments have, however, been made in the 1961 series ;- (i) The addition of a comprehensive note introducing the district; (ii) The four-coloured map of the district; (iii) Taluka maps showing the location of each village in the district supplemented by alphabetical lists of villages; (iv) Supplementary information showing basic amenities available for each village; and (v) Addition of Part III containing 33 Tables on other official statistics. These new features will make the volume a valuable reference for the Central and State Governments, District Administrators, departments engaged in planning and development work, legislators, private trade and business. Need for such material is far greater today as the functions of planning and implementation of development schemes have now percolated to district, taluka and village levels. Marathi version of this volume is also being issued separately. Part I of the volume presents villagewise statistics, Part II contains the '961 Census Tables prepared for the district and Part III contains official statistics on Climate, Rainfall, Agri­ culture, Industry, Education, Health and a few other aspects. An explanatory note is added at the beginning of each part to describe the layout of the Tables and the terms or concepts used. Parts I and II are based entirely on the data collected at the 1961 Census. Part III is based on the material furnished by the District Statistical Officer and the officers of the depart­ ments concerned. Villagewise populations shown in Part I are valid for Sunrise of 1st March 1961 and are not adjusted for seasonal migration to or from other areas. The introductory note at the beginning of the volume describes the present administrative set-up and some of the socio-economic facets of life in the district. It will illustrate how the statistics presented in the volume could be used for economic accounting or as controls of plan achievements in the district. For this note, we have drawn heavily on the District Gazetteers, iV' PREFACE Survey and Settlement Reports, Annual Administration Reports and other Government publications. Some Heads of Departments also supplied the latest available material for the volume. We are indebted to them all. Any views expressed in the introductory note or elsewhere in the volume are personal and the Government is not responsible for them. In the Census Office, everyone has done something for this stupendous task of compila­ tion and collation of statistics, preparation of notes and reading of proofs. I should specially mention Shri N. Y. Gore, Tabulation Officer, for his sincere and thorough work on compilation and proof reading of Part I, Shri G. S. Gokarn, Tabulation Officer, for his painstaking work on MSS and proofs of Parts II and III, Shri S. K. Deshpande, Sl1ri D. G. Pansare and Shri R. E.Chowdhary for assistance in preparing the introductory note, Shri S. Y. Pradhan and Shri B. M. Nagarkar, Draughtsmen, for Maps, Charts and Diagrams. Shri S. G. Deshpande of our office at Nagpur looked after the layout 6f the Tables and printing of the volume. Shri R. G. Phadke and 8hri D. V. Rangnekar, Deputy Superintendents of Census Operations, and 8hri G. lVI. Rajadhyaksha, Tabulation Officer, made valuable contributions at all stages and specially in the preparation of notes. Acknowledgments are due to Shri 8. R. Desai, Manager, Government Press and Book Depot, Nagpur, and 8hri J. D. Gandhi, Manager, Government Photozinco­ graphic Press, Poona. In spite of heavy pressure of work on their presses they did their best to print this volume speedily. I am obliged to 8hri Asok Mitra, I.C.S., Census Commissioner, India, for valuable suggestions for improving this volume. I am also indebted to Shri Setu Madhava Rao and Shri M. A. Telang, Members of the District Census Handbook Committee, who not only supplied useful material from their departments but also read through the M8S and encouraged us through this venture. POoNA: B. A. KULKARNI The 1st December 1965. CONTENTS PAGES INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT ( 1)-(54) Physical Features (1) ; Administratiye Set-up (2) ; Zilla Parishad and P~nchayat Samitis (7) ; Village Panchayats (10) ; Population (10) ; Languages (19) ; RelIgIOns (20); Scheduled Castes (20); Scheduled Tribes (2~); ';\'clfare of. Backward C1.asses (23); Edl!-cat!on (24); Health and Medical Amemtles (29) ; Housmg (30) ; Agncul~ure and IrngatIOn (31); Agrarian Struct~r7 and,Land ~eforms (40); «;o-operatton (41); Forests (44) ; Fisheries (45) ; lvlrmng ana Quarrymg (45) ; Industnes (45) ; Power (47) ; Trade and Commerce (47); Communications and Transport (49); Construction (50); Other Services (50) ; Broad Aspects of Economy (50). PART I-Vil1age Directory 1-75 PART II-Census Tables 77-201 PART III-Other Official Statistics 203-241 (Subjectwise Contents for Parts I, II and III may be seen at pages 2, 79 and 204, respectively.) LIST OF MAPS, CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS Osmanabad District Frontispiece The District in Maharashtra .'1 Facing page (I) Percentages by Area and Population .. J Population, J 90 1-1961 ., (10) Variation in Population, 1951-1961 ( 11) Density of Population, 1961 ( 12) Distribution by Age-groups, 1961 ( 14) Sex Ratio, 1901-1961 (15) M arita1 Status, 196 1 ( 16) Literacy, 1901· - 1961 (24) Literacy, 1961 (25) Literacy and Educational Levels, 1961 (28) Land Utilisation (33) Crop Pattern (35) Distribution of Workers, 1961 (53) Ahmadpur Taluka Facing page 5 Parenda Taluka Facing page 13 Bhum Mahal Facing page 19 Osmanabad Taluka Facing page 25 Latur Taluka Facing page 31 Tuljapur Taluka Facing page 37 Kalam Taluka Facing page 43 Udgir Taluka Facing page 49 Ausa Taluka Facing page 57 Umarga Taluka Facing page 63 Nilanga Taluka Facing page 69 Weekly Markets Facing page 237 Fairs Farillg page 238 INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT This note describes the administraii~'e set-up and somc sodo-cconomic facets of life in the district THE DISTRICT IN MAHARASHTRA F 'G• .:L eo' D I ~ " Y' A ~~ '----t------------t--()i:0 ---- p ----t--~ .,.~ 11.,. • IE FEU lICE D1.TFlICT HQ. • • • • •• • •. 0 ' DIS TRICT BOUNDARY •• , . -.~. MAJOR ROADS ••• •• • ••1 . - R"ILWAYS ..... _ •• ~ -t-+-+-+ RIVERS •••••• til "1--= 70 140 M I L E . .., a 7"" "1G.a PERCENTAGES BY PERCEN'TAGES BY AREA POPULATION MAHARASHTRA CENSUS BOMBAY ca. P. Z. P. POONA·r962 INTRODUCIN,G THE DISTRICT PHYSICAL FEATURES The district lies partly in the upper Godavari The Manjra which rises in Patoda taluka of Bhir basin and partlY in the Bhima basin. Ahmadpur, district runs due east along the northern boundary Udgir, Kalam," Ausa, Latur and Nilanga taluk~s as far as the north-eastern corner of Latur taluka are situated on the plateau of the Balaghat and he w~ere it, ta~es a southerly direction before entering in the valley of the Manjra which is an important B~dar. d:str:ct of the Mysore State. Its length in tributary of the Godavari. Osmanabad and Umarga the dlstnct IS about 65 miles. talukas are drained by Terna, .an important feeder of Manjra. Parenda taluka and parts of Bhum The Terna flows from west to east in Osmanabad, mahal, Tuljapur and Umarga talukas are in the basin ~usa, Umarga and Nilanga talukas and meets Manjra of Sina river which is a tributary of Bhima.