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Verification of Vulnerable Zones Identified Under the Nitrate Directive \ and Sensitive Areas Identified Under the Urban Waste W
CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 THE URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT DIRECTIVE (91/271/EEC) 1 1.2 THE NITRATES DIRECTIVE (91/676/EEC) 3 1.3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 4 2 THE OFFICIAL GREEK DESIGNATION PROCESS 9 2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION IN GREECE 9 2.2 OFFICIAL DESIGNATION OF SENSITIVE AREAS 10 2.3 OFFICIAL DESIGNATION OF VULNERABLE ZONES 14 1 INTRODUCTION This report is a review of the areas designated as Sensitive Areas in conformity with the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC and Vulnerable Zones in conformity with the Nitrates Directive 91/676/EEC in Greece. The review also includes suggestions for further areas that should be designated within the scope of these two Directives. Although the two Directives have different objectives, the areas designated as sensitive or vulnerable are reviewed simultaneously because of the similarities in the designation process. The investigations will focus upon: • Checking that those waters that should be identified according to either Directive have been; • in the case of the Nitrates Directive, assessing whether vulnerable zones have been designated correctly and comprehensively. The identification of vulnerable zones and sensitive areas in relation to the Nitrates Directive and Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive is carried out according to both common and specific criteria, as these are specified in the two Directives. 1.1 THE URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT DIRECTIVE (91/271/EEC) The Directive concerns the collection, treatment and discharge of urban wastewater as well as biodegradable wastewater from certain industrial sectors. The designation of sensitive areas is required by the Directive since, depending on the sensitivity of the receptor, treatment of a different level is necessary prior to discharge. -
Corinth, 1984: East of the Theater
CORINTH, 1984: EAST OF THE THEATER (PLATES 6-18) RTZHE EXCAVATIONS conductedin 1984 by the American School of Classical Studies at Ancient Corinth have been an expansion of the work executed by the School east of the Theater in 1983.1 Investigations were continued along the west side of East Theater Street around the vomitorium of the Theater and on the east side of the same street where three different Roman buildings now have been distinguished (P1. 6). The buildings are numbered southward starting at the gateway from the theatrical court, with the odd num- bers assigned to the east side of East Theater Street. In this report those structures are designated as Building 1, Building 3, and Building 5 of that street; the last of these is the structure that in the previous Hesperia report was called the Terraced Building.2 During the 1984 excavation season much new architecturalmaterial was uncovered;many newly excavatedfills now can be associatedwith constructionoperations after 44 B.C.and destruc- tions of-the various buildings terminating ca. A.D. 400. All this indicates that the area along East Theater Street has a much more complex history than that published in the previous Hesperia report. BUILDING 1, EAST THEATER STREET (Fig. 7, P1. 7:a, b) Building 1 has been only partially excavated; activity was continued this year within its I Once again this year excavating at Ancient Corinth was made possible by permission of the Greek Ar- chaeologicalService and by the cooperationof the ArchaeologicalEphoreia of the Argolid and the Corinthia. The Director of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Stephen G. -
Early Mycenaean Arkadia: Space and Place(S) of an Inland and Mountainous Region
Early Mycenaean Arkadia: Space and Place(s) of an Inland and Mountainous Region Eleni Salavoura1 Abstract: The concept of space is an abstract and sometimes a conventional term, but places – where people dwell, (inter)act and gain experiences – contribute decisively to the formation of the main characteristics and the identity of its residents. Arkadia, in the heart of the Peloponnese, is a landlocked country with small valleys and basins surrounded by high mountains, which, according to the ancient literature, offered to its inhabitants a hard and laborious life. Its rough terrain made Arkadia always a less attractive area for archaeological investigation. However, due to its position in the centre of the Peloponnese, Arkadia is an inevitable passage for anyone moving along or across the peninsula. The long life of small and medium-sized agrarian communities undoubtedly owes more to their foundation at crossroads connecting the inland with the Peloponnesian coast, than to their potential for economic growth based on the resources of the land. However, sites such as Analipsis, on its east-southeastern borders, the cemetery at Palaiokastro and the ash altar on Mount Lykaion, both in the southwest part of Arkadia, indicate that the area had a Bronze Age past, and raise many new questions. In this paper, I discuss the role of Arkadia in early Mycenaean times based on settlement patterns and excavation data, and I investigate the relation of these inland communities with high-ranking central places. In other words, this is an attempt to set place(s) into space, supporting the idea that the central region of the Peloponnese was a separated, but not isolated part of it, comprising regions that are also diversified among themselves. -
Spartan Suspicions and the Massacre, Again1 Sospechas Espartanas Y La Masacre, De Nuevo
Spartan Suspicions and the Massacre, Again1 Sospechas espartanas y la masacre, de nuevo Annalisa Paradiso2 Università della Basilicata (Italia) Recibido: 27-02-17 Aprobado: 28-03-17 Abstract While narrating Brasidas’ expedition to Thrace and the Spartans’ decision to send 700 helots to accompany him as hoplites, Thucydides refers to another episode of helots’ enfranchisement, followed however by their massacre. The association of the timing of the two policies is indeed suspect, whereas it is possible that in the second case the slaughter may have been carried out in different chasms in Laconia, rather than in the so-called Kaiadas, after dividing the helots into groups. Key-words: Thucydides, Sparta, Massacre, Kaiadas. Resumen Mientras narra la expedición de Brásidas a Tracia y la decisión de los espartanos de enviarle 700 ilotas que le acompañaran como hoplitas, Tucídides refiere otro episodio de manumisión de ilotas, seguido empero de su masacre. La coincidencia de ambas medidas políticas es en efecto sospechosa, si tenemos en cuenta que en el segundo caso la matanza puede haberse llevado a cabo en desfiladeros diferentes de Laconia, y no en el llamado Kaiadas, tras dividir a los ilotas en grupos. Palabras-clave: Tucídides, Esparta, masacre, Kaiadas. 1 This article has been improved through information and comments supplied by Yanis Pikoulas, Dimitris Roubis, and James Roy. I am grateful to them and to Maria Serena Patriziano, physical anthropologist, who provided the volumetric calculations. 2 ([email protected]) She is Lecturer of Greek History at the Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures, Architecture, Environment and Cultural Heritage of the University of Basilicata (Matera, Italy). -
INFOPACK for PARTICIPANTS Description of the Project
Social entrepreneurship for a fair society… for a hopeful future Programme: Erasmus+ KA1: Mobility of Youth Workers. Activity: Training course Addressed to: Active and enthusiastic youth workers or people that work in different fields of social economy, employees or volunteers of the partner organizations and active groups of the region with a direct interest in youth employability. Organiser: Koukouva Social Cooperative Enterprise Project Ref. Number: 2019-3-EL02-KA105-005338 Dates: 07 – 13 June 2020 (excluding travel days) INFOPACK FOR PARTICIPANTS Description of the project As a cooperative, our dreams matched with the values of social economy and we found many solutions through its structures, but we also came across plenty of practices that raised a num- ber of concerns. Thus, recognizing the needs of the current social and economic conditions of most of European countries, as well as the different paths that could be taken due to them and being big support- ers of social economy, we decided to apply for this multinational training course. Through this training course, we intent to host youth workers and people who work in social economy in different countries so that we will together explore the field, exchange good prac- tices and create tools that we can use to facilitate young people understand social economy and its values, find their skills and how they can use them through it. • create a common understanding about the social OBJECTIVES values of Social Economy and how it can bring us closer to a more fair society, • explore the field of social economy and employ- ability in the different countries • create tools that could help the understanding and decision making of young people around social entrepreneurship, • provide, exchange and create tools about plan- ning and developing a social entrepreneurship • enforce youth workers with knowledge and tools on social economy and social entrepreneurship • create a network under common values for fu- ture collaboration. -
Observations on the Messeniaca of Rhianus of Bene
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Thessaly Institutional Repository OBSERVATIONS ON THE MESSENIACA OF RHIANUS OF BENE The nine fragments of Rhianus which can with certainty be included in his Messeniaca make a basis for conjecture about the contents of the epic. Of the five mentions in Stephanus four refer to Peloponnese and one to Rhodes, which was named in the sixth book. Pausanias, whose sources for the Messenian wars conflate several accounts including those of Rhianus himself and of the prose writer Myron of Priene, shows that Rhianus’s hero Aristomenes was not said in the poem to have fought in the se cond Messenian war : indeed Pausanias expressly disagreed with the statement of Rhianus that the war of Aristomenes was fought when Leotychides was king of Sparta1. We know of no Messe nian war of the period of Leotychides I, but Plato (Laws 692 D, 698 D-E) preserved a tradition of a war fought at the time of the battle of Marathon. The evidence that Rhianus believed Aristomenes to have fought at the time of Leotychides II may profitably be examined in the context of Spartan troubles in Pe. loponnese in the early fifth century. The lines οϋρεος άργεννοΐο περί πτύχας εατρατόωντο χείματά τε ποιας τε δύω και είκοσι πάσας (FG Hist 265 F 44) show that Rhianus mentioned a twenty years war, as Tyrtaeus did before him, but there is no evidence that Rhianus made his hero Aristomenes fight in it. The couplet probably refers back to the First Messenian war in which the Spartans were led by the kings Polydorus and Theopompus in the second half of the eighth century BC. -
Assigning Macroseismic Intensities of Historical Earthquakes from Late 19Th Century in Sw Peloponnese (Greece)
ASSIGNING MACROSEISMIC INTENSITIES OF HISTORICAL EARTHQUAKES FROM LATE 19TH CENTURY IN SW PELOPONNESE (GREECE) Nikos SAKELLARIOU1 and Vassiliki KOUSKOUNA2 ABSTRACT The seismic activity of Greece has always been present in the country’s history. Numerous earthquakes have occurred in the area of SW Peloponnese, which includes the seismically active faults of Kalamata, Pamisos and Messinian gulf, as well as the subduction zone of the Hellenic arc. In the present paper macroseismic information was collected from contemporary and recent earthquake studies and the local press for three significant earthquakes of this area, i.e. Messini (1885), Filiatra (1886) and Kyparissia (1899). These earthquakes are presented in detail, as far as the flow of information, damage reports, seismological compilations and intensity assignment and distribution are concerned, from which macroseismic parameters (i.e. epicentre, magnitude) were assessed. The macroseismic datapoints of the studied earthquakes were introduced to a database, containing the event dates (OS/NS), source of information and date, the digitized original texts containing all sorts of macroseismic information and, finally, the assigned intensities expressed in EMS98, which may also act as input to the Hellenic Macroseismic Database (http://macroseismology.geol.uoa.gr/). INTRODUCTION Throughout the ages earthquakes have been the most destructive of all natural hazards, having been associated with crises due to their effects in several aspects of human life. In historical times the damage and sudden crippling of the economy of an area led to population movements, emigration or desertification of villages, even small towns. Since we are not able to foresee what will happen in the future, we have to find out what happened in the past and extrapolate to modern times. -
University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan LINDA JANE PIPER 1967
This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 66-15,122 PIPER, Linda Jane, 1935- A HISTORY OF SPARTA: 323-146 B.C. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1966 History, ancient University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan LINDA JANE PIPER 1967 All Rights Reserved A HISTORY OF SPARTA: 323-1^6 B.C. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Linda Jane Piper, A.B., M.A. The Ohio State University 1966 Approved by Adviser Department of History PREFACE The history of Sparta from the death of Alexander in 323 B.C; to the destruction of Corinth in 1^6 B.C. is the history of social revolution and Sparta's second rise to military promi nence in the Peloponnesus; the history of kings and tyrants; the history of Sparta's struggle to remain autonomous in a period of amalgamation. It is also a period in Sparta's history too often neglected by historians both past and present. There is no monograph directly concerned with Hellenistic Sparta. For the most part, this period is briefly and only inci dentally covered in works dealing either with the whole history of ancient Sparta, or simply as a part of Hellenic or Hellenistic 1 2 history in toto. Both Pierre Roussel and Eug&ne Cavaignac, in their respective surveys of Spartan history, have written clear and concise chapters on the Hellenistic period. Because of the scope of their subject, however, they were forced to limit them selves to only the most important events and people of this time, and great gaps are left in between. -
Nikos Skoulikidis.Pdf
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 59 Series Editors: Damià Barceló · Andrey G. Kostianoy Nikos Skoulikidis Elias Dimitriou Ioannis Karaouzas Editors The Rivers of Greece Evolution, Current Status and Perspectives The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Founded by Otto Hutzinger Editors-in-Chief: Damia Barcelo´ • Andrey G. Kostianoy Volume 59 Advisory Board: Jacob de Boer, Philippe Garrigues, Ji-Dong Gu, Kevin C. Jones, Thomas P. Knepper, Alice Newton, Donald L. Sparks More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/698 The Rivers of Greece Evolution, Current Status and Perspectives Volume Editors: Nikos Skoulikidis Á Elias Dimitriou Á Ioannis Karaouzas With contributions by F. Botsou Á N. Chrysoula Á E. Dimitriou Á A.N. Economou Á D. Hela Á N. Kamidis Á I. Karaouzas Á A. Koltsakidou Á I. Konstantinou Á P. Koundouri Á D. Lambropoulou Á L. Maria Á I.D. Mariolakos Á A. Mentzafou Á A. Papadopoulos Á D. Reppas Á M. Scoullos Á V. Skianis Á N. Skoulikidis Á M. Styllas Á G. Sylaios Á C. Theodoropoulos Á L. Vardakas Á S. Zogaris Editors Nikos Skoulikidis Elias Dimitriou Institute of Marine Biological Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters Resources and Inland Waters Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Anavissos, Greece Anavissos, Greece Ioannis Karaouzas Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Anavissos, Greece ISSN 1867-979X ISSN 1616-864X (electronic) The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ISBN 978-3-662-55367-1 ISBN 978-3-662-55369-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55369-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017954950 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2018 This work is subject to copyright. -
Geophysical Journal International - Supplementary Material For
1 Geophysical Journal International - Supplementary material for 2 3 The GPS velocity field of the Aegean. New observations, contribution of the earthquakes, 4 crustal blocks model. 5 6 Briole, P., Ganas, A., Elias, P & Dimitrov, D. 7 8 SUMMARY 9 10 The analysis of the secular component of the velocity field of the Aegean presented, discussed and 11 modelled in the main text, requires the accurate determination of the transient part of the velocity 12 field. This transient part is dominated by the coseismic displacements produced by the major 13 earthquakes that occurred in the area during the analysed time window. Another significant 14 component is due to the postseismic relaxations associated with those earthquakes. In this 15 supplementary material we review the coseismic and postseismic displacements induced by the 16 crustal earthquakes of magnitude Mw ≥ 5.3 during the period 2000-2020. In addition, several GPS 17 stations have their time series disrupted by other sources of transients with different origins, that we 18 also present and discuss. Once the transient velocity field is estimated it can be removed from the 19 total velocity field to extract what can be considered as the secular velocity field. We discuss the 20 gradients of this secular velocity field as they are measured along three sections originated at the 21 Euler pole of rotation Anatolia-Eurasia. 22 23 24 S1. INTRODUCTION 25 1 26 During the period 2000-2020 several strong earthquakes occurred in the Aegean region, with a 27 concentration in western Greece around and near the Ionian Islands: Lefkada 2003, Movri 2008, 28 Cephalonia doublet 2014, Lefkada 2015, and Zakynthos 2018. -
A Dictionary of Mythology —
Ex-libris Ernest Rudge 22500629148 CASSELL’S POCKET REFERENCE LIBRARY A Dictionary of Mythology — Cassell’s Pocket Reference Library The first Six Volumes are : English Dictionary Poetical Quotations Proverbs and Maxims Dictionary of Mythology Gazetteer of the British Isles The Pocket Doctor Others are in active preparation In two Bindings—Cloth and Leather A DICTIONARY MYTHOLOGYOF BEING A CONCISE GUIDE TO THE MYTHS OF GREECE AND ROME, BABYLONIA, EGYPT, AMERICA, SCANDINAVIA, & GREAT BRITAIN BY LEWIS SPENCE, M.A. Author of “ The Mythologies of Ancient Mexico and Peru,” etc. i CASSELL AND COMPANY, LTD. London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne 1910 ca') zz-^y . a k. WELLCOME INS77Tint \ LIBRARY Coll. W^iMOmeo Coll. No. _Zv_^ _ii ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTRODUCTION Our grandfathers regarded the study of mythology as a necessary adjunct to a polite education, without a knowledge of which neither the classical nor the more modem poets could be read with understanding. But it is now recognised that upon mythology and folklore rests the basis of the new science of Comparative Religion. The evolution of religion from mythology has now been made plain. It is a law of evolution that, though the parent types which precede certain forms are doomed to perish, they yet bequeath to their descendants certain of their characteristics ; and although mythology has perished (in the civilised world, at least), it has left an indelible stamp not only upon modem religions, but also upon local and national custom. The work of Fruger, Lang, Immerwahr, and others has revolutionised mythology, and has evolved from the unexplained mass of tales of forty years ago a definite and systematic science. -
Amtsblatt L 261
ISSN 0376-9453 Amtsblatt L 261 39. Jahrgang der Europäischen Gemeinschaften 15 . Oktober 1996 Ausgabe in deutscher Sprache Rechtsvorschriften Inhalt I Veröffentlichungsbedürftige Rechtsakte Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1967/96 der Kommission vom 9 . Oktober 1996 zur Festsetzung der Höhe der Agrarteilbeträge und Zusatzzölle, die vom 1 . Juli bis 31 . Dezember 1996 bei der Einfuhr der unter die Verordnung (EG) Nr. 3448/93 des Rates fallenden Waren aus der Schweiz in die Gemeinschaft anzuwenden sind * Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1968/96 der Kommission vom 14 . Oktober 1996 zur Festsetzung der Oliven- und Olivenölerträge für das Wirtschaftsjahr 1995/96 13 Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1969/96 der Kommission vom 14 . Oktober 1996 über die Lieferung von Pflanzenöl im Rahmen der Nahrungsmittelhilfe 31 Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1970/96 der Kommission vom 14 . Oktober 1996 zur Eröffnung und Verwaltung eines gemeinschaftlichen Zollkontingents für Hirse des KN-Codes 1008 20 00 34 Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1971/96 der Kommission vom 14. Oktober 1996 zur Senkung der im Wirtschaftsjahr 1996/97 geltenden Grund- und Ankaufs preise für Orangen , Mandarinen und Clementinen wegen Überschreitung der für das Wirtschaftsjahr 1995/96 festgesetzten Interventionsschwellen 36 Verordnung (EG) Nr . 1972/96 der Kommission vom 14. Oktober 1996 zur Festle gung pauschaler Einfuhrwerte für die Bestimmung der im Sektor Obst und Gemüse geltenden Einfuhrpreise 39 II Nicht veröffentlichungsbedürftige Rechtsakte Kommission 96/595/EG : Entscheidung der Kommission vom 30. September 1996 zur Änderung der Entscheidung 93/402/EWG über die Veterinärbedingungen und Veterinär zeugnisse für die Einfuhr von frischem Fleisch aus südamerikanischen Län dern (') 41 (') Text von Bedeutung für den EwR 2 Bei Rechtsakten, deren Titel in magerer Schrift gedruckt sind, handelt es sich um Rechtsakte der laufenden Verwaltung im Bereich der Agrarpolitik, die normalerweise nur eine begrenzte Geltungsdauer haben .