Some Implications of Competition for Cave Stream Communities
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And Community Structure
studet reasol food , and ir comp fauna and S the re and I classr other unde paras Th simp SpeciesInteractions this r inter and CommunityStructure short from Ti Questions concerning the nature and importance of species interac- vari< tions have become increasingly controversial. In the mid-1960sit was tive thought that interspecific competition was the major organizing factor ond in many communities. Through the pioneering work of the late Robert and MacArthur and his students,many aspectsof the structure and dynam- com ics of bird communities seemedbest explained by competitive interac- ied r tions, which could be describedin a generalway by the Lotka-Volterra spec competition equations. This work, or at least its generality, has been ofn challengedon three levels. First, there is the question of how important species interactions are in general and whether the interactions are competitive, parasitic, predatory, or mutualistic. For example, Connell whi (1975)noted that a significantfraction of, but by no means all, commu- nities are physically rather than biotically controlled. In addition, there As has been a tendency in the last few years to concentrate on single- dyn species demography. While interactions between species can still be the considered in the guise of age-specificfecundity and mortality effects, (va the emphasisis away from a coevolutionary perspective and toward a hos individualistic concept of communities. the Second, the question of which type of interaction is most important sor in structuring a particular community is very much open. Many ecol- tha ogists have pointed out that the birds studied by MacArthur and his wit SPECIESINTERACTIONS 97 studentswere at or near the top of the food chain. -
The Remipedia (Crustacea): a Study of Their Reproduction and Ecology Jill Yager Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 1989 The Remipedia (Crustacea): A Study of Their Reproduction and Ecology Jill Yager Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Yager, Jill. "The Remipedia (Crustacea): A Study of Their Reproduction and Ecology" (1989). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/nyyr-wx73 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/102 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE REMIPEDIA (CRUSTACEA): A STUDY OF THEIR REPRODUCTION AND ECOLOGY by Jill Yager B.S. June 1967, Colorado State University M.S. June 1982, Florida Institute of Technology A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August, 1989 Approved inge: • sctor) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT THE REMIPEDIA (CRUSTACEA): A STUDY OF THEIR REPRODUCTION AND ECOLOGY Jill Yager Old Dominion University, 1989 Director: Dr. John R. Holsinger Remipedes are an unusual group of troglobitic crustaceans that live exclusively in anchialine caves. Since their discovery in 1979, nine species have been described, seven of which are found in caves in the West Indies, one from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico and one from the Canary Islands. -
Appendix 1A, B, C, D, E, F
Appendix 1a, b, c, d, e, f Table of Contents Appendix 1a. Rhode Island SWAP Data Sources ....................................................................... 1 Appendix 1b. Rhode Island Species of Greatest Conservation Need .................................... 19 Appendix 1c. Regional Conservation Needs-Species of Greatest Conservation Need ....... 48 Appendix 1d. List of Rare Plants in Rhode Island .................................................................... 60 Appendix 1e: Summary of Rhode Island Vertebrate Additions and Deletions to 2005 SGCN List ....................................................................................................................................................... 75 Appendix 1f: Summary of Rhode Island Invertebrate Additions and Deletions to 2005 SGCN List ....................................................................................................................................................... 78 APPENDIX 1a: RHODE ISLAND WAP DATA SOURCES Appendix 1a. Rhode Island SWAP Data Sources This appendix lists the information sources that were researched, compiled, and reviewed in order to best determine and present the status of the full array of wildlife and its conservation in Rhode Island (Element 1). A wide diversity of literature and programs was consulted and compiled through extensive research and coordination efforts. Some of these sources are referenced in the Literature Cited section of this document, and the remaining sources are provided here as a resource for users and implementing -
The Invertebrate Cave Fauna of Virginia
Banisteria, Number 42, pages 9-56 © 2013 Virginia Natural History Society The Invertebrate Cave Fauna of Virginia John R. Holsinger Department of Biological Sciences Old Dominion University Norfolk, Virginia 23529 David C. Culver Department of Environmental Science American University 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW Washington, DC 20016 David A. Hubbard, Jr. Virginia Speleological Survey 40 Woodlake Drive Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 William D. Orndorff Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation Division of Natural Heritage Karst Program 8 Radford Street, Suite 102 Christiansburg, Virginia 24073 Christopher S. Hobson Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation Division of Natural Heritage 600 East Main Street, 24th Floor Richmond, Virginia 23219 ABSTRACT The obligate cave-dwelling invertebrate fauna of Virginia is reviewed, with the taxonomic status and distribution of each species and subspecies summarized. There are a total of 121 terrestrial (troglobiotic) and 47 aquatic (stygobiotic) species and subspecies, to which can be added 17 stygobiotic species known from Coastal Plain and Piedmont non-cave groundwater habitats, and published elsewhere (Culver et al., 2012a). Richest terrestrial groups are Coleoptera, Collembola, and Diplopoda. The richest aquatic group is Amphipoda. A number of undescribed species are known and the facultative cave-dwelling species are yet to be summarized. Key words: Appalachians, biogeography, biospeleology, caves, springs, stygobionts, subterranean, troglobionts. 10 BANISTERIA NO. 42, 2013 INTRODUCTION METHODS AND MATERIALS The cave fauna of Virginia, most particularly the We assembled all published records, all records obligate cave-dwelling fauna, has been studied and from the Virginia Natural Heritage Program database, described for over 100 years. The first obligate cave- and supplemented this with our own unpublished dwelling species described from a Virginia cave was a records. -
Journal of Cave and Karst Studies
June 2021 Volume 83, Number 2 JOURNAL OF ISSN 1090-6924 A Publication of the National CAVE AND KARST Speleological Society STUDIES DEDICATED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, EDUCATION, EXPLORATION, AND CONSERVATION Published By BOARD OF EDITORS The National Speleological Society Anthropology George Crothers http://caves.org/pub/journal University of Kentucky Lexington, KY Office [email protected] 6001 Pulaski Pike NW Huntsville, AL 35810 USA Conservation-Life Sciences Julian J. Lewis & Salisa L. Lewis Tel:256-852-1300 Lewis & Associates, LLC. [email protected] Borden, IN [email protected] Editor-in-Chief Earth Sciences Benjamin Schwartz Malcolm S. Field Texas State University Washington, DC San Marcos, TX 703-347-8601 [email protected] [email protected] Leslie A. North Western Kentucky University Production Editor Bowling Green, KY Scott A. Engel [email protected] Knoxville, TN 225-281-3914 Mario Parise University Aldo Moro [email protected] Bari, Italy [email protected] Journal Copy Editor Carol Wicks Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA [email protected] Exploration Paul Burger National Park Service Eagle River, Alaska [email protected] Microbiology Kathleen H. Lavoie State University of New York Plattsburgh, NY [email protected] Paleontology Greg McDonald National Park Service Fort Collins, CO The Journal of Cave and Karst Studies , ISSN 1090-6924, CPM [email protected] Number #40065056, is a multi-disciplinary, refereed journal pub- lished four times a year by the National Speleological Society. The Journal is available by open access on its website, or check Social Sciences the website for current print subscription rates. Back issues are Joseph C. -
Caecidotea Burkensis, New Species, a Unique
Salisa L. Lewis, Julian J. Lewis and William Orndorff. Caecidotea burkensis, new species, a unique subterranean isopod from Burke’s Garden, with a synthesis of the biogeography and evolution of southwestern Virginia asellids. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 83, no. 2, p. 78-87. DOI:10.4311/2020LSC0126 CAECIDOTEA BURKENSIS, NEW SPECIES, A UNIQUE SUBTERRANEAN ISOPOD FROM BURKE’S GARDEN, WITH A SYNTHESIS OF THE BIOGEOGRAPHY AND EVOLUTION OF SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA ASELLIDS Salisa L. Lewis1, Julian J. Lewis2,C and William Orndorff3 Abstract Caecidotea burkensis, a new species of subterranean asellid isopod, is described and illustrated from material collect- ed from Lawson Cave, in Burke’s Garden, Tazewell County, Virginia. The type-locality in Burke’s Garden is located within the highest mountain basin in the southern Appalachians. Burke’s Garden is a unique, geologically isolated area encompassing one of the headwater streams of the New River basin. Phylogenetically, the isopod is a member of the forbesi Group, a clade comprised primarily of epigean species. The complex mountain valleys and coves of south- western Virginia are an area of intense speciation among asellids that have produced a bizarre array of cavernicolous species belonging to groups of otherwise epigean isopods. In addition to a few subterranean species of the Caecidotea cannula and stygia Groups, the Lirceus hargeri Group possesses over a dozen species endemic to caves and springs in the region, mostly only now in the process of being discovered and described. With so much species richness, syn- topy of two, or even three, asellid species is commonplace in caves and springs in southwestern Virginia. -
2015 Rhode Island Wildlife Action Plan
Rhode Island Wildlife Action Plan Appendices 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f RI WILDLIFE ACTION PLAN: APPENDICES 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f Table of Contents Appendix 1a. Rhode Island SWAP Data Sources ........................................................................................ 1 Appendix 1b. Rhode Island Species of Greatest Conservation Need ........................................................ 30 Appendix 1c. Regional Conservation Needs-Species of Greatest Conservation Need ............................. 50 Appendix 1d. List of Rare Plants in Rhode Island ...................................................................................... 62 Appendix 1e: Summary of Rhode Island Vertebrate Additions and Deletions to 2005 SGCN List ............ 74 Appendix 1f: Summary of Rhode Island Invertebrate Additions and Deletions to 2005 SGCN List ........... 77 APPENDIX 1a: RHODE ISLAND WAP DATA SOURCES Appendix 1a. Rhode Island SWAP Data Sources This appendix lists the information sources that were researched, compiled, and reviewed in order to best determine and present the status of the full array of wildlife and its conservation in Rhode Island (Element 1). A wide diversity of literature and programs was consulted and compiled through extensive research and coordination efforts. Some of these sources are referenced in the Literature Cited section of this document, and the remaining sources are provided here as a resource for users and implementing parties of this document as well as for future revisions. Sources include published and unpublished -
Amphipod Newsletter
, '01'130 'l·j • d I BI3L10T[I~i.: I -AMPHIPOD NEWSLETTER - 5l January 1975 This lssue is again printed and distributed by Zoo- Tax in Lundj all correspondence should, however, be directed to my TromS0 address, to avoid unnecess ary delays. The postal strike in France caused Slight delay in the publication of this issue, bot fortunately both Dr. Charniaux Cotton and Dr . Roux sent their contributions by express- mail as soon as the strike was over and this has saved the situation. For A.N . 6 I am trying to get an account of the work carried out in Leningrad~ as well as further notes on major amphipod collections. Jerry Barnard's essay has been commented on, mostly positively, by a number of cOlleagues some of who'n promised me an official reaction, but the only one actually forthcominJ was David Wildish' most interesting and strongly critical open letter, a g~od basis for further discussion. A further point of discussion will be Ed Bousfield's letter in this issue, though I do not expect much open dissent in this case. The standard of the bibliography may be below that in earlier numbersj the main reason for this is that the library of the Institute of Biology at TromS0 University has been moved from TromS0 Museum to a new building, making it more complicated for me to keep track of a number of journals. I am thus even more than before dependent upon your help. The financial situation is not much changed. Some of us contribute very generously, while many others are apparently,content with parasitizing on those few. -
Lenowisco Planning Region Local Action Plan Summary
12. LENOWISCO PLANNING REGION LOCAL ACTION PLAN SUMMARY WILDLIFE ACTION PLAN AND LOCAL SUMMARIES OVERVIEW Wildlife Action Plan Virginia is fortunate to contain a wide variety of natural resources and landscapes that provide Virginians with a range of benefits, services, and economic opportunities. Natural resource conservation in Virginia, as in most states, is implemented by government agencies, non- governmental organizations, private institutions, academic institutions, and private citizens. These groups work to enhance the quality of life within the Commonwealth by conserving Virginia’s air, land, water, and wildlife. Adequate funding and human capital needed to manage and conserve these valuable resources are not always available. In 2005, Virginia’s conservation community first came together to maximize the benefits of their actions and created the state’s first Wildlife Action Plan (Action Plan). It was written to prioritize and focus conservation efforts to prevent species from declining to the point where they become threatened or endangered (DGIF 2005). The 2015 Action Plan is an update of the original Plan. The Action Plan must address eight specific elements mandated by Congress. They are: 1. Information on the distribution and abundance of species of wildlife, including low and declining populations as the state fish and wildlife agency deems appropriate, that are indicative of the diversity and health of the state’s wildlife; and 2. Descriptions of locations and relative condition of key habitats and community types essential to conservation of species identified in (1); and 3. Descriptions of problems which may adversely affect species identified in (1) or their habitats, and priority research and survey efforts needed to identify factors which may assist in restoration and improved conservation of these species and habitats; and 4. -
Lee County Cave Isopod Or Other Aspects of Its Life History
VIRGINIA NATURAL HERITAGE FACT SHEET Lee County Cave Isopod or other aspects of its life history. Presumably, its Lirceus usdagalun diet consists of a combination of detritus and Description The Lee County cave isopod is a small freshwater crustacean discovered by John Holsinger and William Mauck in 1961. Unlike other members of the genus Lirceus, it is an obligate cave dweller and lacks eyes and pigmentation. Reaching 7 mm in length, the body is more than twice as long as it is wide. The head is one-third as long as it is wide and has deep, narrow lateral incisions. Distribution Lirceus usdagalun is known from only two cave systems and two springs in a portion of the Lee County, Virginia, karst region known as the Cedars. Karst is characterized by caves, caverns, sinkholes, depressions, disappearing streams and fissures. Karst’s porosity enhances and accelerates water flow through the system. Lee County cave isopod Habitat bacterial films growing on rocks in highly The Lee County cave isopod is found on the oxygenated riffles. Caecidotea recurvata is often surfaces of rocks and gravel submerged in cave found in the streams inhabited by Lirceus streams. Common associates include the usdagalun, but the two isopods manage to Southwestern Virginia cave isopod (Caecidotea coexist thanks to habitat differences in stream recurvata), the Appalachian Valley cave amphipod substrate, flow rate, water depth and food (Crangonyx antennatus), snails (Fontigens spp.) availability. During drought, Lirceus usdagalun and planarians (Sphalloplana spp.). congregates on the damp to dry surfaces of rimstone dams rather than remain submerged in Life History adjacent still pools, where Caecidotea recurvata is found, along with the amphipod Crangonyx Female Lirceus usdagalun outnumber males at antennatus. -
Rare Animals, Natural Heritage Technical Report 16-07, February
COMMONWEALTH of VIRGINIA Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Animals Compiled by: Steven M. Roble, Zoologist Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, Virginia Natural Heritage Technical Report 16-07. February 2016 NATURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES OF VIRGINIA: RARE ANIMALS FEBRUARY 2016 VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND RECREATION DIVISION OF NATURAL HERITAGE 600 EAST MAIN STREET RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 23219 (804) 786-7951 List Compiled by Steven M. Roble Staff Zoologist Cover illustrations (left to right) by Megan Rollins Indiana Myotis Red-cockaded Woodpecker Regal Fritillary This report should be cited as: Roble, S.M. 2016. Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Animals. Natural Heritage Technical Report 16-07. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, Virginia. 56 pp. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 LIST FORMAT ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 PRIMARY SOURCES OF COMMON NAMES ................................................................................................................ 7 PART ONE. RARE ANIMAL LIST .................................................................................................................................. -
Subterranean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Illinois’ Salem Plateau: Spatial and Temporal Components of Microdistribution
SUBTERRANEAN AMPHIPODA (CRUSTACEA) OF ILLINOIS’ SALEM PLATEAU: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL COMPONENTS OF MICRODISTRIBUTION Steven J. Taylor and Donald W. Webb Illinois Natural History Survey 607 East Peabody Drive Champaign, IL 61820 (217) 333-6846 20 December 2000 Illinois Natural History Survey Center for Biodiversity Technical Report 2000(27) PREPARED FOR ATTN: C2000 COORDINATOR OFFICE OF REALTY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 524 SOUTH SECOND STREET LINCOLN TOWER PLAZA SPRINGFIELD, IL 62701-1787 Executive Summary This report presents results of a quantitative field study of amphipods and other invertebrates found in four cave streams in Illinois' Salem Plateau. We conducted field experiments in Illinois Caverns which indicated that Gammarus troglophilus Hubricht and Mackin (Amphipoda: Gammaridae) and Gammarus acherondytes Hubricht and Mackin, the federally endangered Illinois Cave Amphipod, both preferred larger (12.7 to <50.8 mm) gravels over smaller (2.36 to <12.7 mm) gravels in individual trials, and this preference did not vary significantly with size of the amphipods. We also investigated microhabitat usage of the amphipods as determined by substrate size distributions and densities of other invertebrates in monthly sampling during a year-long study. Stream gravel size distributions varied among the four cave study sites, as did the composition and abundance of the community of crustaceans and other invertebrates. Variations in abundance and size of the amphipods Crangonyx forbesi (Hubricht and Mackin) (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae), G. acherondytes and G. troglophilus were explained in part by time of year, indicating that the reproductive activity of these amphipods is influenced by seasonal factors. Gravel substrate characteristics and the densities of other taxa, especially the troglophilic isopod Caecidotea brevicauda (Forbes) (Asellidae), also were important in explaining the distribution of the amphipods.