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Ent12 2 119 126 Perkovsky.Pm6 Russian Entomol. J. 12(2): 119126 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2003 Rovno amber insects: first results of analysis Íàñåêîìûå ðîâåíñêîãî ÿíòàðÿ: ïåðâûå ðåçóëüòàòû èññëåäîâàíèÿ Evgeny E. Perkovsky1, Vladimir Yu. Zosimovich2, Anatoliy Yu. Vlaskin1 Å.Ý. Ïåðêîâñêèé1, Â.Þ. Çîñèìîâè÷2, À.Þ. Âëàñêèí1 1 Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 15 B. Khmelnitsky Street, Kiev 01-601 Ukraine. E-mail: [email protected] 1 Èíñòèòóò çooëoãèè ÍÀÍ Óêðàèíû, óë. Á. Õìåëüíèöêîãî 15, Êèåâ 01-601 Óêðàèíà. 2 Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55b O. Gonchar Street, Kiev 01-054 Ukraine. 2 Èíñòèòóò ãåîëîãè÷åñêèõ íàóê ÍÀÍ Óêðàèíû, óë. Î. Ãîí÷àðà 55á, Êèåâ 01-054 Óêðàèíà. KEY WORDS: Rovno amber, Saxonian amber, Eocene, Oligocene, palaeocurrents. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: ðîâåíñêèé ÿíòàðü, ñàêñîíñêèé ÿíòàðü, ýîöåí, îëèãîöåí, ïàëåîòå÷åíèÿ. ABSTRACT: Some students believed that Rovno èññëåäîâàíèÿ ôàóí (â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü ìèðìåêî- amber may have been transported to the Pripyat area ôàóí) ðîâåíñêîãî (â îñíîâíîì ñ Êëåñîâñêîãî è Äóá- during the Eocene from the north across the sea and ðîâèöêîãî ìåñòîðîæäåíèé) è áàëòèéñêîãî ÿíòàðåé thus it could have originated in the same region as the ïîäòâåðäèëàñü ïðîòèâîïîëîæíàÿ ãèïîòåçà óêðà- Baltic amber, but comparison between Baltic and Rovno èíñêîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ ðîâåíñêîãî ÿíòàðÿ. Òàê, â amber faunas, especially myrmecofaunas indicates a ïåðâûé ãîä èññëåäîâàíèÿ èç ðîâåíñêîãî ÿíòàðÿ îïè- geographically independent origin of Rovno and Baltic ñàíû äåâÿòü íîâûõ âèäîâ ìóðàâüåâ [Äëóññêèé, 2002; ambers. Äëóññêèé, Ïåðêîâñêèé, 2002]; ê íîâûì òàêñîíàì In the Rovno amber assemblage, about 26% of ant ïðèíàäëåæèò 26% îïðåäåëåííûõ äî âèäà ýêçåìïëÿ- specimens are represented by the new genera and new ðîâ ìóðàâüåâ. species (nine of them was described in the first year of  ðÿäå ðàáîò âîçðàñò ÿíòàðåíîñíûõ îòëîæåíèé the study). In contrast, new collections of Baltic amber Êëåñîâñêîãî ìåñòîðîæäåíèÿ îøèáî÷íî óêàçûâàëñÿ of similar size yield much less proportion (normally 2 êàê îëèãîöåíîâûé. Èñòî÷íèêîì ýòîé îøèáêè, êàê 5%) of specimens belonging to new species. óêàçàë ñàì È.À. Ìàéäàíîâè÷ [Ìàéäàíîâè÷, Ìàêà- Analysis of both palaeogeographic and palaeosedi- ðåíêî, 1988], áûëî òî, ÷òî, îáîñíîâàííî óêàçûâàÿ íà mentation evidence during the Late Eocene to Early îäíîâîçðàñòíîñòü ÿíòàðåíîñíûõ îòëîæåíèÿ Êëåñî- Oligocene in the northwestern part of the Ukrainian âà è ïðóññêîé ñâèòû, È.À. Ìàéäàíîâè÷ ïîëàãàë, ÷òî Crystalline Shield, permits to consider the amber of the ñàìà ïðóññêàÿ ñâèòà èìååò ðàííåîëèãîöåíîâûé âîç- Ukrainian shield as autochthonous. ðàñò. Ñõåìû ïàëåîòå÷åíèé â ìîðñêîì áàññåéíå [Ãðè- Klesov deposit is often misinterpreted as of Oli- ãÿëèñ, Áóðëàê, 1996] îñíîâàíû íà ïðåäïîëîæåíèÿõ î gocene age [Grygyalis & Burlak, 1996; Tutskij & òðàíñïîðòå ÿíòàðÿ ñî Ñêàíäèíàâñêîãî ïîëóîñòðîâà Stepanjuk, 1999; Weitschat & Wichard, 2002]. The â Êëåñîâ è îëèãîöåíîâîì âîçðàñòå Êëåñîâñêîãî ìå- source of the mistake was identification of the Klesov ñòîðîæäåíèÿ è íóæäàþòñÿ â ïåðåñìîòðå. deposit by I.A. Maidanovich based on incorrect Early Oligocene dating of the coeval Prussian suite, in one Introduction chapter of the paper by Maidanovich & Makarenko [1988]. The analysis of the Rovno amber fauna con- Amber chemically identical to the dominating Bal- firms its Late Eocene age and autochthonous origin, tic variety, succinite, is widespread in the Pripyat River with the latter being rather different from that of Baltic basin in Byelorussia and the Ukraine, as pointed out by amber. It also provides no evidence of its close relation- V.I. Katinas [1987] and B. Kosmowska-Ceranowicz ships with the Saxonian amber fauna. [1999]. The amber area also covers the Southeast of Poland [Kosmowska-Ceranowicz et al., 1990]. The ÐÅÇÞÌÅ: Ðàáîòà ïîäâîäèò èòîãè ïåðâûõ òðåõ amber is most common in lignite-bearing sands and in ëåò èññëåäîâàíèÿ ýíòîìîôàóíû ðîâåíñêîãî ÿíòàðÿ. glauconitic sands resembling the amber-bearing Prus-  âîïðîñå î ïðîèñõîæäåíèè ÿíòàðåé Óêðàèíñêî- sian Formation of the Baltic area. Rovno amber has ãî Ïîëåñüÿ äîëãîå âðåìÿ äîìèíèðîâàëà ãèïîòåçà èõ been collected from the Klesov (the vast majority of ïðèâíîñà â ìåñòà çàõîðîíåíèÿ íà Óêðàèíñêîì ùèòå inclusions) and Dubrovitsa deposits which are a con- ìîðñêèìè òå÷åíèÿìè èç Ïðèáàëòèêè [Êàòèíàñ, 1971 stituent part of the vast region of amber distribution in è äð.].  ðåçóëüòàòå ïðîâåäåííîãî ñðàâíèòåëüíîãî the north of Rovno and Zhitomir regions within the 120 Evgeny E. Perkovsky, Vladimir Yu. Zosimovich, Anatoliy Yu. Vlaskin Ukrainian Polesye [Perkovsky et al., 2003, fig. 1]. The ed with the Obukhov (Upper Eocene) and Mezhigorje amber has long been known from the region. Archeol- (Lower Oligocene) suites. ogists have described decorations and amulets of amber The Obukhov and Mezhigorje suites seem to have found during excavations of Palaeolithic [Shovkoplyas, been formed in shallow water zones of marine basins, 1972; Rogachev & Anikovich, 1984 etc.] and Neolithic with their deep water parts situated in the Pripyat and sites within the Ukrainian Polesye. Dnieper-Donets depressions. The shorelines of these basins lay within the Ukrainian shield. The zone of Historical account littoral shallow waters in this shield was apparently the area where the formation of amber placers in the sea The first mentions of amber of Ukrainian and was simultaneous with the accumulation of primary Byelorussian Polesye in scientific literature go back to sediment material of future suites. The Obukhov Suite the middle of the 18th century. Among the first papers consists of greenish gray and bluishgray sandy aleu- about Rovno amber perhaps the most significant be- rites, clayey glauconite-quarts, non-carbonate, often longed to P.A. Tutkovskij [1911]. Special research was with admixtures of carbonized plant detritus. The carried out in order to understand the ambers origins, Mezhigorje Suite is represented by fine and medium- its chemical and physical composition and properties, grained sands, light greenish gray, with yellowish or features and regularities of deposit formation in the brown tint, with ferrugization nests and interlayers, post-war years of the last century. Their results were slightly clayey. Interlayers of humidified sands of var- published in the papers and monographs of S.S. ied size with thin lenticular interlayers of coaly clays Savkevich [1970], V.I. Katinas [1971], V.S. Trofimov and brown coals, phosphoritic concretions, layers of [1974] and others. Although the main objective of those gravel sands are confined to the base of the suite. The studies was Baltic amber, to a greater or lesser extent thickness of the strata usually varies from 23 to 57 m virtually all of them considered also ambers of the [Makarenko et al., 1987; Zosimovich, 1992]. Ukrainian Polesye. Both these ambers were united into A late Eocene age of the Obukhov Suite and an Early a Baltic-Dnieper Subprovince. The works of I.A. Maida- Oligocene age of the Mezhigorje Suite have been deter- novich and D.E. Makarenko [1988] as well as of V.M. mined palaeontologically. According to A.B. Stotland Matsuy and V.A. Nesterovsky [1995] were largely de- (personal communication), dinocysts of the Obukhov voted to Rovno amber. Suite together with Charlesdowniea clathrata angu- Recently, after the discovery of both above men- losa-Deflandria phosphoritica make up a complex tioned amber deposits [Perkovsky et al., 2003, fig. 1], characteristic of the Obukhov Regio-Stage in the stra- amber extraction in the Rovno Region has become totypical section, of the Alma Regio-Stage of the Black industrialized. Earlier, amber was taken in a primitive Sea depression and Crimea, of the Beloglinka Horizon way from sandy-argillaceous sediments of granite quar- in the North Caucasus and of the Priabonian Stage of ries in the outskirts of Klesov, from drainage channels Western Europe. The complex of palynomorphs with dumps, from natural outcrops of amber-bearing depos- Myrica pseudogranulata Quercus gracilis Q. gra- its along the river banks. ciliformis is also characteristic of Upper Eocene depos- its of various regions in the south of the East European Platform. The dinocyst complex of the Mezhigorje Geological background Suite (A.B. Stotland, personal communication) con- tains species characteristic of the zonal assemblages of Structurally, the region of the amber-bearing depos- the Early Oligocene, Phthanoperidinium amoenum its is referred to the northwestern margin of the Ukrai- Wetzeliella symmetrica W. gochtii. This corresponds nian Crystalline Shield. Terrestrial and shallow water to the dinoflora characteristic of the Mezhigorje Regio- marine Palaeogene sediments, terrestrial (mainly bog- Stage of the stratotype, of the Borysthen Suite of the lacustrine) Neogene and predominantly glacial forma- Black Sea depression, the Planorbella Suite of the tions of Anthropogene overlie here the Pre-Cambrian Crimea, the Pshekh Suite of the Northern Caucasus, the formations and their weathering surface. The Palaeo- Rupelian Stage of Western Europe. gene deposits in the most complete sections contain the Klesov deposit are often misinterpreted as of Oli- Buchak (Lutetian), Kiev (Bartonian), Obukhov (Pria- gocene age [Grigyalis & Burlak, 1996; Tutskij & Stepa- bonian), Mezhigorje (Rupelian) and Berek (Chattian) njuk, 1999; Weitschat & Wichard, 2002]. The source of suites; the Neogene deposits the Novopetrovtsy Suite the mistake was identification of the Klesov deposit age and the strata of speckled and reddish-brown
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