Design and Analysis of Four Wheeler Airless Tire G
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1. What Is Uptis and What Advantages Does It Offer?
Frequently Asked Questions 1. What is Uptis and what advantages does it offer? Uptis (acronym standing for “Unique Puncture-proof Tire System”) is an assembled airless wheel structure. Uptis has been made possible through Michelin’s mastery and expertise with tire mechanics and high-tech materials. It also represents an evolution of Michelin’s expertise in TWEEL technology. Uptis can be thought of as the first in a new generation of airless solutions. This technology for passenger vehicles offers a number of advantages: ▪ Car drivers feel safer and more secure on the road due to the reduced risk of flat tires and other air loss failures that result from punctures or road hazards. ▪ Fleet owners and professional vehicle drivers optimize their business productivity (no downtime from flats, near-zero levels of maintenance). ▪ Raw material use is reduced, which in turn reduces waste. 2. Why do car drivers feel more at ease with Uptis? Uptis is designed to be impervious to traditional tire failures due to air loss. It does not use compressed air. It therefore eliminates the need for regular inflation pressure maintenance. 3. What is the strategy behind Uptis? Uptis represents Michelin’s vision for the future of mobility. Michelin illustrated its vision of sustainable mobility through the Vision concept1, which the Group unveiled at the Movin’On World Summit on Sustainable Mobility in 2017. Uptis shows how Michelin is adhering to its roadmap for research and development, which comprises these four main pillars of innovation: Airless, Connected, 3D-printed and 100% Sustainable (i.e., renewable or bio-sourced materials). -
MICHELIN® X® TWEEL Warranty Overview
MICHELIN® TWEEL® Airless radial tire Warranty Guide Contents MICHELIN® Tweel® Tire Warranty Overview ............................................................................. 3–4 Common Warranty Specifi cations ...............................................................................................5 Parts of a Tweel® Airless Radial Tire .............................................................................................5 Examination Tools .......................................................................................................................6 MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® SSL AIRLESS RADIAL TIRES Technical Specifi cations: MICHELIN® X® Tweel® SSL Tires .............................................................6 MICHELIN® X® Tweel® SSL Tire Torque Specs and Retreading .......................................................7 Tweel® SSL Tire Warranty vs. Wear Guide ..............................................................................8–12 MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® TURF AIRLESS RADIAL TIRES Technical Specifi cations: MICHELIN® X® Tweel® Turf Tires ...........................................................13 Tweel® Turf Tire Proper Installation Instructions ..........................................................................13 Tweel® Turf Tire Warranty vs. Wear Guide ........................................................................... 14–17 MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® CASTERS Technical Specifi cations: MICHELIN® X® Tweel® Casters..............................................................17 Tweel® Caster Warranty -
Mechanics of Pneumatic Tires
CHAPTER 1 MECHANICS OF PNEUMATIC TIRES Aside from aerodynamic and gravitational forces, all other major forces and moments affecting the motion of a ground vehicle are applied through the running gear–ground contact. An understanding of the basic characteristics of the interaction between the running gear and the ground is, therefore, essential to the study of performance characteristics, ride quality, and handling behavior of ground vehicles. The running gear of a ground vehicle is generally required to fulfill the following functions: • to support the weight of the vehicle • to cushion the vehicle over surface irregularities • to provide sufficient traction for driving and braking • to provide adequate steering control and direction stability. Pneumatic tires can perform these functions effectively and efficiently; thus, they are universally used in road vehicles, and are also widely used in off-road vehicles. The study of the mechanics of pneumatic tires therefore is of fundamental importance to the understanding of the performance and char- acteristics of ground vehicles. Two basic types of problem in the mechanics of tires are of special interest to vehicle engineers. One is the mechanics of tires on hard surfaces, which is essential to the study of the characteristics of road vehicles. The other is the mechanics of tires on deformable surfaces (unprepared terrain), which is of prime importance to the study of off-road vehicle performance. 3 4 MECHANICS OF PNEUMATIC TIRES The mechanics of tires on hard surfaces is discussed in this chapter, whereas the behavior of tires over unprepared terrain will be discussed in Chapter 2. A pneumatic tire is a flexible structure of the shape of a toroid filled with compressed air. -
Automotive Engineering II Lateral Vehicle Dynamics
INSTITUT FÜR KRAFTFAHRWESEN AACHEN Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Henning Wallentowitz Henning Wallentowitz Automotive Engineering II Lateral Vehicle Dynamics Steering Axle Design Editor Prof. Dr.-Ing. Henning Wallentowitz InstitutFürKraftfahrwesen Aachen (ika) RWTH Aachen Steinbachstraße7,D-52074 Aachen - Germany Telephone (0241) 80-25 600 Fax (0241) 80 22-147 e-mail [email protected] internet htto://www.ika.rwth-aachen.de Editorial Staff Dipl.-Ing. Florian Fuhr Dipl.-Ing. Ingo Albers Telephone (0241) 80-25 646, 80-25 612 4th Edition, Aachen, February 2004 Printed by VervielfältigungsstellederHochschule Reproduction, photocopying and electronic processing or translation is prohibited c ika 5zb0499.cdr-pdf Contents 1 Contents 2 Lateral Dynamics (Driving Stability) .................................................................................4 2.1 Demands on Vehicle Behavior ...................................................................................4 2.2 Tires ...........................................................................................................................7 2.2.1 Demands on Tires ..................................................................................................7 2.2.2 Tire Design .............................................................................................................8 2.2.2.1 Bias Ply Tires.................................................................................................11 2.2.2.2 Radial Tires ...................................................................................................12 -
Wear, Friction, and Temperature Characteristics of an Aircraft Tire Undergoing Braking and Cornering
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19800004758 2020-03-21T20:55:26+00:00Z View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NASA Technical Reports Server NASA Technical Paper 1569 Wear, Friction, and Temperature Characteristics of an Aircraft Tire Undergoing Brakingand Cornering John L. McCarty, Thomas J. Yager, and S. R.Riccitiello DECEMBER 19 79 . ~~ TECH LIBRARY KAFB, NM OL3477b NASA Technical Paper 1569 Wear, Friction, andTemperature Characteristics of an Aircraft Tire Undergoing Brakingand Cornering John L. McCarty and Thomas J. Yager Langley ResearchCellter HamptotZ, Virgitlia S. R.Riccitiello Ames ResearchCelzter MoffettField, Califoruia National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Branch 1979 SUMMARY An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the wear, friction, and temperature characteristics of aircraft tire treads fabricated from differ- entelastomers. Braking and corneringtests were performed on size 22 X 5.5, type VI1 aircraft tires retreaded with currently employedand experimental elastomers. The braking testsconsisted of gearingthe tire to a driving wheel of a ground vehicle to provide operations at fixed slip ratios on dry surfaces ofsmooth and coarseasphalt and concrete. The corneringtests involved freely rolling the tire at fixed yaw angles of O0 to 24O on thedry smooth asphalt surface. The results show thatthe cumulative tread wear varieslinearly with distancetraveled at all slip ratios and yaw angles. Thewear rateincreases with increasing slip ratio duringbraking and increasing yaw angleduring cor- nering. The extent ofwear in eitheroperational mode is influenced by the character of the runway surface. Of thefour tread elastomers investigated, 100-percentnatural rubber was shown to be theleast wear resistant and the state-of-the-artelastomer, comprised of a 75/25 polyblend of cis-polyisoprene and cis-polybutadiene, proved most resistantto wear. -
The Conti Urbanscandinavia. GENERATION 3
People GENERATION 3. DRIVEN BY YOUR NEEDS. Technical data and air pressure recommendations Tire size Operating code EU tire label Rim Tire dimensions Load capacity (kg) per axle at tire Rolling 6) cir- pressure (bar) (psi) Min. cum- dis- Max. standard Stat. fer- Speed tance value in service Actual value radius ence Index and be- reference tween Outer- Tire speed TT/ Rim- rim Outer- Width Ø it- 3) 4) 5) 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 Pattern LI/SI 1) PR M+S (km / h) TL 2) K N G width centers Width Ø + 1 % ± 1 % ± 1.5 % ± 2 % LI 1) ment (109) (116) (123) (131) 275/70 R 22.5 Conti 150/145 J 16 M+S J 100 TL D C 2 73 7.50 303 279 974 267 968 449 2989 152 S 6135 6460 6780 7100 UrbanScan (152/148 E) (E 70) 8.25 311 287 282 150 S 5790 6095 6400 6700 HA3 148 D 10885 11465 12035 12600 145 D 10025 10555 11080 11600 Conti 150/145 J 16 M+S J 100 TL D C 2 75 UrbanScan (152/148 E) (E 70) HD3 Data acc. to DIN 7805/4, WdK£Guidelines 134/2, 142/2, 143/14, 143/25 1) Load index single/dual wheel itment and speed symbol 2) TT = Tube Type, TL = Tubeless 3) Fuel eiciency 4) Wet grip 5) External rolling noise (db) Whatever city road 6) For tire pressures of 8.0 bar (116 psi) or greater, use valve slit cover plate conditions in Winter: The Conti UrbanScandinavia. -
RFID for TIRES an Enabler for New Services
RFID FOR TIRES an enabler for new services Julien DESTRAVES R&D MICHELIN Page 1 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / INNOVATION is in MICHELIN DNA AIRLESS Tire CONNECTED Tire GREEN Tire RADIAL Tire TWEEL Page 2 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / AGENDA Benefits of RAIN RFID for tires and the associated challenges A Worldwide Standard for the Industry: ISO TC31 WG10 RFID Tire tags A Use Case example: Racing Tires Page 3 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / LIFE CYCLE AGAINST TIRE TAG INTEGRATION SCENARIOS Manufacturing 1st mounting After manufacturing equipment OEM Retreading Retrofitting End of Life Dealer Storage RFID embedded After retreading, embedded RFID identifies the carcass and not necessarily the tire RFID patch RFID patch possible RFID sticker RFID patch can identify the tire when not initially equipped with RFID Fair cost - Some lost on the way Page 4 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / WHY AND HOW TO USE RFID? ● Why to use RFID? 1. Guarantee of readability in all conditions • During the shelf life of the tire • During the entire tire life for a rolling tire • Leading to a far better traceability (even during tire manufacturing) • End of Life management potentially improved 2. Unfalsifiable: UII coding locked by the tire manufacturer 3. More robust against damages/ageing/robbery/counterfeiting 4. Fitting the needs of most stakeholders (OEM, Dealers, Governments, Retreaders, Tire manufacturers) 5. Better cost/benefit ratio (including the time to write and to read) 6. ISO standard for RFID Tire Tags available in 2018/19 7. Future readability of the RFID by the vehicle Page 5 / RAIN RFID Alliance / Julien DESTRAVES / June 2018 / BENEFIT FOR THE TIRE INDUSTRY Depending on the tag implementation technology 1. -
The History of the Wheel and Bicycles
NOW & THE FUTURE THE HISTORY OF THE WHEEL AND BICYCLES COMPILED BY HOWIE BAUM OUT OF THE 3 BEST INVENTIONS IN HISTORY, ONE OF THEM IS THE WHEEL !! Evidence indicates the wheel was created to serve as potter's wheels around 4300 – 4000 BCE in Mesopotamia. This was 300 years before they were used for chariots. (Jim Vecchi / Corbis) METHODS TO MOVE HEAVY OBJECTS BEFORE THE WHEEL WAS INVENTED Heavy objects could be moved easier if something round, like a log was placed under it and the object rolled over it. The Sledge Logs or sticks were placed under an object and used to drag the heavy object, like a sled and a wedge put together. Log Roller Later, humans thought to use the round logs and a sledge together. Humans used several logs or rollers in a row, dragging the sledge over one roller to the next. Inventing a Primitive Axle With time, the sledges started to wear grooves into the rollers and humans noticed that the grooved rollers actually worked better, carrying the object further. The log roller was becoming a wheel, humans cut away the wood between the two inner grooves to create what is called an axle. THE ANCIENT GREEKS INVENTED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY…AND THE WHEELBARROW CHINA FOLLOWED 400 YEARS AFTERWARDS The wheelbarrow first appeared in Greece, between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. It was found in China 400 years later and then ended up in medieval Europe. Although wheelbarrows were expensive to purchase, they could pay for themselves in just 3 or 4 days in terms of labor savings. -
Camber Effect Study on Combined Tire Forces
Camber effect study on combined tire forces Shiruo Li Master Thesis in Vehicle Engineering Department of Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology TRITA-AVE 2013:33 ISSN 1651-7660 Postal address Visiting Address Telephone Telefax Internet KTH Teknikringen 8 +46 8 790 6000 +46 8 790 6500 www.kth.se Vehicle Dynamics Stockholm SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden Abstract Considering the more and more concerned climate change issues to which the greenhouse gas emission may contribute the most, as well as the diminishing fossil fuel resource, the automotive industry is paying more and more attention to vehicle concepts with full electric or partly electric propulsion systems. Limited by the current battery technology, most electrified vehicles on the roads today are hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Though fully electrified systems are not common at the moment, the introduction of electric power sources enables more advanced motion control systems, such as active suspension systems and individual wheel steering, due to electrification of vehicle actuators. Various chassis and suspension control strategies can thus be developed so that the vehicles can be fully utilized. Consequently, future vehicles can be more optimized with respect to active safety and performance. Active camber control is a method that assigns the camber angle of each wheel to generate desired longitudinal and lateral forces and consequently the desired vehicle dynamic behavior. The aim of this study is to explore how the camber angle will affect the tire force generation and how the camber control strategy can be designed so that the safety and performance of a vehicle can be improved. -
Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of a Truck Tire
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Intercollege Graduate Program in Materials NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A TRUCK TIRE A Thesis in Materials by Seokyong Chae © 2006 Seokyong Chae Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2006 The thesis of Seokyong Chae was reviewed and approved* by the following: Moustafa El-Gindy Senior Research Associate, Applied Research Laboratory Thesis Co-Advisor Co-Chair of Committee James P. Runt Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Thesis Co-Advisor Co-Chair of Committee Co-Chair of the Intercollege Graduate Program in Materials Charles E. Bakis Professor of Engineering Science and Mechanics Ashok D. Belegundu Professor of Mechanical Engineering *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. iii ABSTRACT For an efficient full vehicle model simulation, a multi-body system (MBS) simulation is frequently adopted. By conducting the MBS simulations, the dynamic and steady-state responses of the sprung mass can be shortly predicted when the vehicle runs on an irregular road surface such as step curb or pothole. A multi-body vehicle model consists of a sprung mass, simplified tire models, and suspension system to connect them. For the simplified tire model, a rigid ring tire model is mostly used due to its efficiency. The rigid ring tire model consists of a rigid ring representing the tread and the belt, elastic sidewalls, and rigid rim. Several in-plane and out-of-plane parameters need to be determined through tire tests to represent a real pneumatic tire. Physical tire tests are costly and difficult in operations. -
2016 Polaris Ace Polaris 2016 ™
2016 INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL VERSION ACCESSORIES, RIDING GEAR & GARAGE ACCESSORIES, 2016 POLARIS ACE™ ACCESSORIES, RIDING GEAR & GARAGE INTERNATIONAL VERSION 2016 POLARIS ACE™ ACCESSORIES, RIDING GEAR & GARAGE Polaris Engineered™ 01 Polaris Ace™ Accessory Solutions 02–05 ACCESSORIES Roofs 06 ENGINEERED TO PERFORM Windshields 06 Rear Panels 07 Doors 07 Storage & Interiors 08-09 The Polaris ACE™ is engineered to be the most capable, confident and comfortable solo riding experience. Bumpers & Guards 10 That same mentality produces our Polaris Engineered Parts and Accessories™. We understand what riders Winches 11 Plows 12-14 demand from their equipment, because we’re riders ourselves. From the very start, our accessories are Tracks 15 designed, rigorously tested and meticulously fine-tuned alongside the Polaris ACE™, making sure that they Tires & Wheels 16–19 are completely in sync with one-another to make your off-road experience as comfortable and confident Lighting 20–21 Technology & Electronics 22-24 as possible. Audio 25 RIDING GEAR 26–27 Helmets 28–29 Goggles 30 Gloves & Jerseys 31 Protection 32 Youth Protection 32 Beanies & Base Layers 33 Men’s Casual Apparel 34-35 Women’s Casual Apparel 36–37 Youth Casual Apparel 38 Sizing Charts 38 Ogio® Bags 39 Gifts 39 GARAGE 40-41 Tool Chests 42 Shop Products 43 Generators & Battery Care 44 Trailers, Ramps & Covers 45 Parts 46 Vehicle Care & Fuel Treatments 47 Oils 48 Lubricants 49 “POLARIS ENGINEERED PARTS AND ACCESSORIES™ ARE MADE BY THE SAME PEOPLE WHO DESIGN THE VEHICLES. NOBODY KNOWS THESE MACHINES BETTER THAN US.” SEE POLARIS ENGINEERED™ VIDEOS — CLINT J., POLARIS DESIGNER AT POLARIS.COM/ACEACCESSORIES PROTECTION FROM ABOVE — POLY SPORT ROOF – PG 06 DESIGNED TO BE SOLUTIONS DIFFERENT Every riders’ needs are different. -
Environmental Comparison of Michelin Tweel™ and Pneumatic Tire Using Life Cycle Analysis
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON OF MICHELIN TWEEL™ AND PNEUMATIC TIRE USING LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty by Austin Cobert In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master’s of Science in the School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology December 2009 Environmental Comparison of Michelin Tweel™ and Pneumatic Tire Using Life Cycle Analysis Approved By: Dr. Bert Bras, Advisor Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Jonathan Colton Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. John Muzzy Chemical and Biological Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: July 21, 2009 i Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................................. IV LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................ VI CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 THE PROBLEM ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.1 Michelin’s Tweel™ ................................................................................................................................