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Academic Freedom and Critical Speech in Hong Kong: China’S Response to Occupy Central and the Future of “One Country, Two Systems”∗
Academic Freedom and Critical Speech in Hong Kong: China’s Response to Occupy Central and the Future of “One Country, Two Systems”∗ Carole J. Petersen† and Alvin Y.H. Cheung†† I.!!!!!!Introduction .............................................................................. 2! II.!!!!The “One Country, Two Systems” Model: Formal Autonomy but with an Executive-Led System ...................... 8! III. Legal Protections for Academic Freedom and Critical Speech in Hong Kong’s Constitutional Framework ............ 13! IV. University Governance: The Impact of Increased Centralization and Control ................................................... 20! V. !Conflicts between The Academic Community and the Hong Kong and Central Governments ................................ 28! VI. Beijing’s Retribution: Increased Interference in Hong Kong Universities ................................................................ 40! VII. The Disapearing Booksellers ............................................... 53! VIII. Conclusion ........................................................................... 58! *Copyright © 2016 Carole J. Petersen and Alvin Y.H. Cheung. The authors thank the academics who agreed to be interviewed for this article and research assistants Jasmine Dave, Jason Jutz, and Jai Keep-Barnes for their assistance with research and editing. This is an updated version of a paper presented at a roundtable organized by the Council on Foreign Relations on December 15, 2015, and the authors thank the chair of the roundtable, Professor Jerome A. Cohen, and other participants for their comments. The William S. Richardson School of Law at the University of Hawai’i at Manoa supported Professor Petersen’s travel to Hong Kong to conduct interviews for this article. † Carole J. Petersen is a Professor at the William S. Richardson School of Law and Director of the Matsunaga Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, University of Hawai’i at Manoa. She taught law at the University of Hong Kong from 1991–2006 and at the City University of Hong Kong from 1989-1991. -
Intermedialtranslation As Circulation
Journal of World Literature 5 (2020) 568–586 brill.com/jwl Intermedial Translation as Circulation Chu Tien-wen, Taiwan New Cinema, and Taiwan Literature Jessica Siu-yin Yeung soas University of London, London, UK [email protected] Abstract We generally believe that literature first circulates nationally and then scales up through translation and reception at an international level. In contrast, I argue that Taiwan literature first attained international acclaim through intermedial translation during the New Cinema period (1982–90) and was only then subsequently recognized nationally. These intermedial translations included not only adaptations of literature for film, but also collaborations between authors who acted as screenwriters and film- makers. The films resulting from these collaborations repositioned Taiwan as a mul- tilingual, multicultural and democratic nation. These shifts in media facilitated the circulation of these new narratives. Filmmakers could circumvent censorship at home and reach international audiences at Western film festivals. The international success ensured the wide circulation of these narratives in Taiwan. Keywords Taiwan – screenplay – film – allegory – cultural policy 1 Introduction We normally think of literature as circulating beyond the context in which it is written when it obtains national renown, which subsequently leads to interna- tional recognition through translation. In this article, I argue that the contem- porary Taiwanese writer, Chu Tien-wen (b. 1956)’s short stories and screenplays first attained international acclaim through the mode of intermedial transla- tion during the New Cinema period (1982–90) before they gained recognition © jessica siu-yin yeung, 2020 | doi:10.1163/24056480-00504005 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the cc by 4.0Downloaded license. -
The China Relief Expedition Joint Coalition Warfare in China Summer 1900
07-02574 China Relief Cover.indd 1 11/19/08 12:53:03 PM 07-02574 China Relief Cover.indd 2 11/19/08 12:53:04 PM The China Relief Expedition Joint Coalition Warfare in China Summer 1900 prepared by LTC(R) Robert R. Leonhard, Ph.D. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory This essay reflects the views of the author alone and does not necessarily imply concurrence by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) or any other organization or agency, public or private. About the Author LTC(R) Robert R. Leonhard, Ph.D., is on the Principal Professional Staff of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and a member of the Strategic Assessments Office of the National Security Analysis Department. He retired from a 24-year career in the Army after serving as an infantry officer and war planner and is a veteran of Operation Desert Storm. Dr. Leonhard is the author of The Art of Maneuver: Maneuver-Warfare Theory and AirLand Battle (1991), Fighting by Minutes: Time and the Art of War (1994), The Principles of War for the Informa- tion Age (1998), and The Evolution of Strategy in the Global War on Terrorism (2005), as well as numerous articles and essays on national security issues. Foreign Concessions and Spheres of Influence China, 1900 Introduction The summer of 1900 saw the formation of a perfect storm of conflict over the northern provinces of China. Atop an anachronistic and arrogant national government sat an aged and devious woman—the Empress Dowager Tsu Hsi. -
Writing Memory
Corso di Dottorato di ricerca in Studi sull’Asia e sull’Africa, 30° ciclo ED 120 – Littérature française et comparée EA 172 Centre d'études et de recherches comparatistes WRITING MEMORY: GLOBAL CHINESE LITERATURE IN POLYGLOSSIA Thèse en cotutelle soutenue le 6 juillet 2018 à l’Université Ca’ Foscari Venezia en vue de l’obtention du grade académique de : Dottore di ricerca in Studi sull’Asia e sull’Africa (Ca’ Foscari), SSD: L-OR/21 Docteur en Littérature générale et comparée (Paris 3) Directeurs de recherche Mme Nicoletta Pesaro (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) M. Yinde Zhang (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3) Membres du jury M. Philippe Daros (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3) Mme Barbara Leonesi (Università degli Studi di Torino) Mme Nicoletta Pesaro (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) M. Yinde Zhang (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3) Doctorante Martina Codeluppi Année académique 2017/18 Corso di Dottorato di ricerca in Studi sull’Asia e sull’Africa, 30° ciclo ED 120 – Littérature française et comparée EA 172 Centre d'études et de recherches comparatistes Tesi in cotutela con l’Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3: WRITING MEMORY: GLOBAL CHINESE LITERATURE IN POLYGLOSSIA SSD: L-OR/21 – Littérature générale et comparée Coordinatore del Dottorato Prof. Patrick Heinrich (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) Supervisori Prof.ssa Nicoletta Pesaro (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) Prof. Yinde Zhang (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3) Dottoranda Martina Codeluppi Matricola 840376 3 Écrire la mémoire : littérature chinoise globale en polyglossie Résumé : Cette thèse vise à examiner la représentation des mémoires fictionnelles dans le cadre global de la littérature chinoise contemporaine, en montrant l’influence du déplacement et du translinguisme sur les œuvres des auteurs qui écrivent soit de la Chine continentale soit d’outre-mer, et qui s’expriment à travers des langues différentes. -
Hong Kong's Civil Disobedience Under China's Authoritarianism
Emory International Law Review Volume 35 Issue 1 2021 Hong Kong's Civil Disobedience Under China's Authoritarianism Shucheng Wang Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/eilr Recommended Citation Shucheng Wang, Hong Kong's Civil Disobedience Under China's Authoritarianism, 35 Emory Int'l L. Rev. 21 (2021). Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/eilr/vol35/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Emory Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Emory International Law Review by an authorized editor of Emory Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WANG_2.9.21 2/10/2021 1:03 PM HONG KONG’S CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE UNDER CHINA’S AUTHORITARIANISM Shucheng Wang∗ ABSTRACT Acts of civil disobedience have significantly impacted Hong Kong’s liberal constitutional order, existing as it does under China’s authoritarian governance. Existing theories of civil disobedience have primarily paid attention to the situations of liberal democracies but find it difficult to explain the unique case of the semi-democracy of Hong Kong. Based on a descriptive analysis of the practice of civil disobedience in Hong Kong, taking the Occupy Central Movement (OCM) of 2014 and the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill (Anti-ELAB) movement of 2019 as examples, this Article explores the extent to which and how civil disobedience can be justified in Hong Kong’s rule of law- based order under China’s authoritarian system, and further aims to develop a conditional theory of civil disobedience for Hong Kong that goes beyond traditional liberal accounts. -
Chinese Literature in the Second Half of a Modern Century: a Critical Survey
CHINESE LITERATURE IN THE SECOND HALF OF A MODERN CENTURY A CRITICAL SURVEY Edited by PANG-YUAN CHI and DAVID DER-WEI WANG INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS • BLOOMINGTON AND INDIANAPOLIS William Tay’s “Colonialism, the Cold War Era, and Marginal Space: The Existential Condition of Five Decades of Hong Kong Literature,” Li Tuo’s “Resistance to Modernity: Reflections on Mainland Chinese Literary Criticism in the 1980s,” and Michelle Yeh’s “Death of the Poet: Poetry and Society in Contemporary China and Taiwan” first ap- peared in the special issue “Contemporary Chinese Literature: Crossing the Bound- aries” (edited by Yvonne Chang) of Literature East and West (1995). Jeffrey Kinkley’s “A Bibliographic Survey of Publications on Chinese Literature in Translation from 1949 to 1999” first appeared in Choice (April 1994; copyright by the American Library Associ- ation). All of the essays have been revised for this volume. This book is a publication of Indiana University Press 601 North Morton Street Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA http://www.indiana.edu/~iupress Telephone orders 800-842-6796 Fax orders 812-855-7931 Orders by e-mail [email protected] © 2000 by David D. W. Wang All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses’ Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. -
France Chinese Treaty Opium Wars
France Chinese Treaty Opium Wars untenderlyWitching Goddart and dishonour transcendentalize immediately. part-time. Magnoliaceous Eurhythmic and and anxiolytic Plutonian Marcelo Neal alwaystaboo while inclosing dreamy uproariously Hartwell recommenced and azures his her quicks. dereliction Britain and France sent in the gunboats to bully China into allowing the sale of opium to its citizens. British merchants for the destruction of property. Sampson was one of treaty of the second opium war, on the british merchants lobbied for struggling texans have page will brittany higgins be filled with france chinese treaty opium wars represented his father, because they possessed in. Chinese Adoption and Western Adaptation in the Formation of. They found out that these things were just a little too big. All of these things made China, in some ways, dramatically different from the European powers of the day, and it struggled to deal effectively with their encroachment. As a result, the newstyle libraries developed rapidly in China. Besides the compensation, Empress Dowager Cixi reluctantly started some reforms despite her previous views. Viceroy Ye Mingchen ordered all Chinese soldiers manning the forts not to resist the British incursion. For its people these wars represented the beginning of a century of humiliation by foreign powers through the imposition of unequal treaties that extracted commercial privileges, territory, and other benefits from the Chinese government. When the Chinese emperor replied to George III's request them more available by. American cigarettes, Theodore Roosevelt threatened to send the troops in from the Philippines all over again to make sure those Chinese kept smoking their cigarettes, kind of like how they had the opium before. -
HK Should Invest More in Careers Education in Schools Clean Vehicles Can Help Make US Great Again
A12 Saturday, December 14, 2019 CONTACT US Agree or disagree with the opinions on this page? Write to us at [email protected] If you have an idea for an opinion article, email it to [email protected] Clean vehicles Local superheroes can help make US great again Larry Au and Tiffany Wong say district councils have a role to play in resolving the city’s crisis such a commission. These proceedings would need to be as inclusive as possible, inviting not just “yellow ribbons” Yunshi Wang says Donald Trump ver since the pro-democracy leeway in which council business can be inquiry is supported by establishment (pro-democracy), but also “blue ribbons” camp’s massive victory in the conducted. figures like John Tsang Chun-wah, a (pro-establishment) and even members of should extend California’s policies district council elections on First, as pro-democracy councillors majority of the public, and the international the police force to take part. Participants nationwide to create the world’s November 24 – where non- control 17 of the 18 district councils, the panel of experts who have just quit the should be given the opportunity to say what establishment candidates seized pro-democracy camp is effectively Independent Police Complaints Council. they wish in this venue, and should be biggest zero-emission car market – Esome 388 out of 452 seats – observers have endowed with agenda-setting powers. The The government has so far refused to granted anonymity if requested. pointed to the knock-on effects that the councils’ official mandate is to advise the accede to these requests. -
Destination Hong Kong: Negotiating Locality in Hong Kong Novels 1945-1966 Xianmin Shen University of South Carolina - Columbia
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations 2015 Destination Hong Kong: Negotiating Locality in Hong Kong Novels 1945-1966 Xianmin Shen University of South Carolina - Columbia Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd Part of the Comparative Literature Commons Recommended Citation Shen, X.(2015). Destination Hong Kong: Negotiating Locality in Hong Kong Novels 1945-1966. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/3190 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DESTINATION HONG KONG: NEGOTIATING LOCALITY IN HONG KONG NOVELS 1945-1966 by Xianmin Shen Bachelor of Arts Tsinghua University, 2007 Master of Philosophy of Arts Hong Kong Baptist University, 2010 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature College of Arts and Sciences University of South Carolina 2015 Accepted by: Jie Guo, Major Professor Michael Gibbs Hill, Committee Member Krista Van Fleit Hang, Committee Member Katherine Adams, Committee Member Lacy Ford, Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies © Copyright by Xianmin Shen, 2015 All Rights Reserved. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Several institutes and individuals have provided financial, physical, and academic supports that contributed to the completion of this dissertation. First the Department of Literatures, Languages, and Cultures at the University of South Carolina have supported this study by providing graduate assistantship. The Carroll T. and Edward B. Cantey, Jr. Bicentennial Fellowship in Liberal Arts and the Ceny Fellowship have also provided financial support for my research in Hong Kong in July 2013. -
Protest Geographies and Cross-Modal Icons in Hong Kong's
ASIEN 148 (Juli 2018), S. 5–25 Refereed article Protest Geographies and Cross-Modal Icons in Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement Sandra Kurfürst Summary In September 2014, thousands of people occupied the heart of Hong Kong’s state and corporate power, the central business district. This paper provides a snapshot of the first days of the events that resulted in what would ultimately become a 79-day- long occupation, which eventually came to be known as the “Umbrella Movement.” The paper first maps the protest geographies, focusing on the symbolism of place. It then proceeds to decipher the symbols employed by the protestors both in urban public and in digital space. The paper argues that the transformation of tangible everyday items like the umbrella into intangible digital icons demonstrates resilience in the face of state coercion in physical space. Acknowledging the symbolism of place and its inherent contestation, the paper, moreover, shows that the symbols that became cross-modal icons were those that were non-place-specific ones, and thus those shared by a wider collective. Finally, the article suggests it is important to reflect on the distribution of leadership across a wider collective and via different media forms. The data is drawn from participant observation on Hong Kong Island and Kowloon during the week of university class boycotts, from September 21–26, 2014, before the official start of Occupy Central — as well as from internet ethnography, newspaper analysis, and secondary literature research too. Keywords: Public space, social media, social movements, symbols, Hong Kong, Occupy Central Sandra Kurfürst is Juniorprofessor of “Cross-cultural and urban communication” at the Global South Studies Centre, University of Cologne. -
Joshua: Teenager Vs. Superpower
JUNE PICTURES Presents JOSHUA: TEENAGER VS. SUPERPOWER A Film by Joe Piscatella WORLD PREMIERE WORLD CINEMA DOCUMENTARY COMPETITION SUNDANCE FILM FESTIVAL 2017 Public Screenings Friday, January 20th, 3:00pm // Temple Theatre, Park City Saturday, January 21st, 7:00pm // Redstone Cinema 2, Park City Sunday, January 22nd, 12 noon // Salt Lake City Library Theatre, Salt Lake City Wednesday, January 25th, 8:30am // Egyptian Theatre, Park City Friday, January 27th, 4:00pm // Holiday Village Cinema 4, Park City Press & Industry Screening Saturday, January 21st, 10:00am // Holiday Village Cinema 4, Park City Running Time: 78 minutes Press Contact: Sales Contacts: Acme PR WME Global Nancy Willen Liesl Copland [email protected] Chris Slager 310.963.3433 [email protected] 310.285.9000 SHORT SYNOPSIS When the Chinese Communist Party backtracks on its promise of autonomy to Hong Kong, teenager Joshua Wong decides to save his city. Rallying thousands of kids to skip school and occupy the streets, Joshua becomes an unlikely leader in Hong Kong and one of China’s most notorious dissidents. LONG SYNOPSIS When Hong Kong was handed back to China in 1997 after more than 150 years of British rule, citizens were fearful of losing many of their personal freedoms. When Beijing announces in 2012 plans to impose a pro-China “National Education” program in schools, Hong Kongers are resigned to China’s encroaching reach until bespectacled 13-year-old Joshua Wong takes action. Refusing to accept Communist Party teachings, Joshua founds the Scholarism movement and shows up at a press conference to confront Hong Kong’s leader, CY Leung, with some hardball questions. -
First Attempts at Imitating James Joyce's Ulysses in Hong Kong
Translation and/as simulation: first attempts at imitating James Joyce’s Ulysses in Hong Kong, 1960-1963 Leo Tak-hung Chan Lingnan University, Hong Kong Imitations of texts of foreign origin, as a form of cross-cultural rewriting, are of considerable interest to literary comparatists, though much of this in- terest has been targeted at the transference of thematic material. The con- cept of influence becomes incurably vague in many accounts of Chinese imi- tations of Western literature, for instance, precisely because the ‘textual’ links are neglected. The author believes that translation studies can help throw some light on what influence is all about, in ways that comparative li- terary studies has not. The present article focuses specifically on three Chinese imitations of Joyce’s Ulysses from the early 1960s, all published in Hong Kong. The styles and strategies of these imitations are contrasted with those of one translation of the “Hades” episode from 1960. In the conclu- sion, an attempt is made to address the different conceptualizations of imi- tation in China and the West, and to justify the inclusion of imitations as a viable object of investigation in translation studies. 1. ‘Influence’ and translation studies If votes were to be cast on the most favored passage in twentieth-century Western literature among Chinese writers today, Molly Bloom’s extended soliloquy in the last chapter of James Joyce’s Ulysses might very well score a first. That fact is, among other things, also borne out by the number of Chinese imitations it has spawned in recent decades. Two leading Chinese novelists appear to have been fascinated by the unusual narrative mode: Mo Yan (1956- ) in Jiuguo (Wine Republic, 1992) and Wang Wenxing (1939- ) in Beihai de ren (Backed against the Sea, 2 vols., 1981 & 1999).