AUGUST 31, 1<)01. J Citutific �tutticau. 131 m'Ore 'Or less c'Omplete disablement-as these figures the American S'Ociety 'Of Naturalists at the annual $1,964,850. In the fiscal year 1900, ten m'Onths of indicate. We believe s'Omeb'Ody 'Once asked: "Is n'Ot meeting in Baltim'Ore in 1894. In this he discussed which preceded the date at which the P'Ort'O Rican the life 'Of a man w'Orth m'Ore than that 'Of a sheep?" the c'Onditi'Ons 'Of success in research, the effect 'Of the tariff went int'O effect, 'Our d'Omestic exp'Orts t'O P'Ort'O The st'Ory 'Of killing which these statistics brings annu­ naturalist's career 'On his character, and finally the Ric'O were $4,260,892. In the fiscal year ending June ally t'O our n'Otice, alm'Ost leaves 'One in d'Oubt as t'O influence 'Of the naturalist 'On mankind. The subject 30, 1901, all 'Of which was under the P'Ort'O Rican what, in certain quarters, the answer might be. We 'Of "Heredity and Rejuvenati'On" was attractively pre­ act which levied 15 per cent 'Of the regular Dingley are aware that aut'Omatic c'Ouplers have been intr'O­ sented by him in the American Naturalist f'Or Jan­ law rates 'On g'O'Ods passing int'O that island fr'Om this duced and made c'Ompuls'Ory, largely with a view t'O uary and February, 1896. He treated it under the c'Ountry, the t'Otal d'Omestic exp'Orts fr'Om the UnitE,; preventing this l'Oss 'Of life; but in view 'Of the fact f'Oll'Owing headings: The f'Ormative f'Orce 'Of 'Organ­ States t'O P'Ort'O Ric'O were $6,861,917. These figures that the railways are n'Ow S'O th'Or'Oughly equipped isms, the c'Oncepti'On of death, a c'Omparis'On 'Of larva include 'Only exp'Orts 'Of d'Omestic merchandise, and d'O with them, we cann'Ot help feeling disapp'Ointed that and embry'O, c'Ontending in c'Onclusi'On that "heredity n'Ot include f'Oreign merchandise br'Ought int'O the the casualty list sh'Ows S'O little signs of decrease. exists in all cells, but its display is inhibited by the United States and re-exp'Orted t'O P'Ort'O Ric'O, which The United States pe'Ople evidently d'O n'Ot realize 'Organizati'On 'Of the living substance and can be c'Om­ presumably am'Ounted t'O ab'Out a half milli'On d'Ollars, the magnitude 'Of this questi'On. If they did, it w'Ould plete 'Only in embry'Onic cells, and that embry'Onic since the P'Ort'O Rican statement 'Of imp'Orts fr'Om the be agitated t'O the p'Oint at which s'Ome special inquiry cells arise under very vari'Ous c'Onditi'Ons." Besides United States f'Or the fiscal year ending June 30, 1901, w'Ould be made int'O the matter with a view t'O deter­ the f'Oreg'Oing he delivered the Yale University Medical sh'Ows the grand t'Otal, including d'Omestic and f'Oreign, mining the cause 'Of such a frightful l'Oss 'Of life, and C'Ommencement disc'Ourse in June, 1899, 'On which 'Oc­ t'O be $7,414,502. the best means 'Of preventing it. Fifty th'Ousand casi'On he addressed the students 'On the imp'Ortant P'Ort'O Ric'O imp'Orte<;i in the fiscal year ending June injured and nearly 8,000 killed in a single year! We subject 'Of "Kn'Owledge and Practice." In March 'Of 30, 1901, g'O'Ods am'Ounting t'O $9,367,230 in value, and d'Oubt whether the darkest rec'Ords 'Of the S'Outh Afri­ the present year he gave the Middlet'On-G'Oldsmith lec­ 'Of this, $7,414,502 came fr'Om the United States, the can war w'Ould sh'Ow a similar rec'Ord in the same ture bef'Ore the New Y'Ork Path'Ol'Ogical S'Ociety, ch'O'Os­ t'Otal fr'Om 'Other c'Ountries being $1,952,728. Of peri'Od 'Of time. ing as his subject the "Embry'Ol'Ogical Basis 'Of Path­ this $1,952,728 imp'Orted fr'Om c'Ountries 'Other than • 1., • 'Ol'Ogy." His entire bibli'Ography numbers c'Onsiderably the United States, the value 'Of $808,441 was fr'Om CHARLES SEDGWICK MINOT. 'Over a hundred titles, and he is the auth'Or 'Of a single Spain; $374,837 fr'Om the United Kingd'Om; $294,067 BY MARCUS BENJAMIN, PH.D. b'O'Ok published in 1892 'On "Human Embry'Ol'Ogy." fr'Om Canada; $166,723 fr'Om France; $152,201 fr'Om F'Or the first time in its hist'Ory the American Ass'O­ He has been actively c'Onnected with many scientific Germany, and $61,838 fr'Om the Netherlands. ciati'On f'Or the Advancement 'Of Science will h'Old its s'Ocieties, being 'One 'Of the f'Ounders 'Of the S'Ociety 'Of The t'Otal exp'Orts of the island during the fiscal meeting in the R'Ocky M'Ountain regi'On, and t'O pre­ Naturalists in the United States, and fDr many years year 1901 were $8,663,816, 'Of which the value 'Of $5,- side 'Over the sessi'Ons t'O be held this week in Denver, he has been a member 'Of the B'Ost'On S'Ociety 'Of Natural 661,137 was sent t'O the United States, and $3,002,679 Pr'Ofess'Or Charles S. Min'Ot has been ch'Osen t'O succeed Hist'Ory, 'Of which he became president in 1897. It t'O 'Other c'Ountries. Of the latter sum, the value 'Of Pr'OfessDr R'Obert S. W'O'Odward as flresiding 'Officer. was largely thr'Ough his exerti'Ons that the American $1,110,048 was t'O Cuba; $596,023 t'O Spain; $473,070 t'O Thus the time-h'On'Ored rule 'Of a representative 'Of 'One S'Ociety f'Or Psychical Research was 'Organized, and t'O France; $341,699 t'O Canada; $140,772 t'O Germany, and 'Of the natural sciences f'Oll'Owing a representative 'Of the pr'Oceedings 'Of which he has cDntributed a num- $88,935 t'O the Netherlands. the physical sciences again prevails. The gr'Owth in exp'Orts fr'Om the United States t'O Pr'Ofess'Or Min'Ot was b'Orn in West R'Oxbury, n'Ow a P'Ort'O Ric'O has been in nearly all the articles entering part 'Of B'Ost'On, 'On December 23, 1852. As a b'Oy, he int'O that c'Ommerce, but especially in manufactures. began collecting insects, sh'Owing special interest in Exp'Orts 'Of c'Ott'On cl'Oth increased fr'Om 5,500,000 yards butterflies. In c'Ourse 'Of time he entered the Massa­ t'O 'Over 22,000,000; b'O'Ots and sh'Oes, fr'Om 23,000 pairs chusetts Institute 'Of Techn'Ol'Ogy, where he graduated t'O 48,000; b'O'Oks, maps and 'engravings, fr'Om $14,000 in the chemical c'Ourse in 1872. Meanwhile he had t'O 'Over $40,000; candles, fr'Om 111,000 t'O 375,000 published several ent'Om'Ol'Ogical papers in which were p'Ounds; chemicals, drugs and medicine, fr'Om $59,000 descripti'Ons 'Of several new species. This led t'O an t'O $89,000; wearing apparel, fr'Om $23,000 t'O $101,000; interest in the structure 'Of animals, and as that inter­ vegetable 'Oils, fr'Om $53,000 to $66,000; s'Oap, fr'Om est devel'Oped he determined t'O dev'Ote himself t'O the $17,000 t'O $27,000; the manufactures 'Of w'O'Od, fr'Om study 'Of bi'Ol'Ogy. Finding it imp'Ossible t'O 'Obtain the $49,000 t'O $100,000. There was a slight reducti'On desired training in the United States, he went abr'Oad in exp'Orts 'Of fl'Our, pr'Obably due t'O the very heavy and f'Oll'Owed special studies at the universities in increased exp'Ortati'On 'Of rice fr'Om this c'Ountry, which Leipzig, Paris, and Wurzburg, receiving the degree 'Of advanced fr'Om less than 5,000,000 p'Ounds t'O 'Over 36,- D'Oct'Or 'Of Science fr'Om Harvard in 1878. 000,000 p'Ounds. Pr'Ovisi'Ons increased nearly $100,000 In 1880 he became lecturer 'On embry'Ol'Ogy in the during the year, the exp'Orts during 1900 having been Harvard Medical Sch'O'Ol, and als'O instruct'Or in that $870,897, and th'Ose 'Of 1901, $961,001, and refined sugar instituti'On in 'Oral path'Ol'Ogy and surgery. These ap­ increased in exp'Ortati'On fr'Om $6,211 in 1900 t'O $14,684 p'Ointments he held until 1883, when he became assist­ in 1901. ant pr'Ofess'Or 'Of hist'Ol'Ogy and human embry'Ol'Ogy in ... I. the Harvard Medical Sch'O'Ol, and full pr'Ofess'Or in ADVANTAGES OF PAPER NEGATIVES. 1892, which chair he still hDlds. The use 'Of br'Omide paper f'Or the direct pr'Oducti'On While still a student in Leipzig, where he w'Orked 'Of negatives is 'One which rec'Ommends itself t'O the under Pr'Ofess'Or Carl Ludwig, wh'Om he c'Onsiders the amateur f'Or vari'Ous reas'Ons. Prints made with such best scientific teacher he ever knew, he made the dis­ negatives are sharper than might be supp'Osed. The c'Overy that muscles can maintain their contracti'On lines are s'Oftened and many small details are sup­ with'Out f'Orming carb'On di'Oxide. pressed, while the paper gives a slight grain t'O the Other physi'Ol'Ogical papers f'Oll'Owed the results 'Of print. While in many cases this w'Ould be a disadvan­ experimental investigati'Ons, and it was his ambiti'On tage f'Or landscapes 'Or p'Ortraits and such subjects at that time t'O take up experimental bi'Ol'Ogy, investi­ n'Ot reqmrmg great sharpness, it answers very ' gating such t'Opics as gr'Owth, heredity, differentiati'On well, especially f'Or the larger sizes, fr'Om 5 x 7 'Of tissues, etc. Of his w'Ork 'On gr'Owth it may be said CHARLES SEDGWICK MINOT. inches and upward; in the larger prints the grain that he disc'Overed tw'O imp'Ortant laws, first, that aside appears smaller, and the s'Oftening 'Of the image fr'Om min'Or fluctuati'Ons the p'Ower 'Of gr'Owth dimin­ ber 'Of papers, resulting in his bec'Oming satisfled that in many cases adds t'O the effect. This is espe­ ishes fr'Om birth upward, there being n'O peri'Od in "there is n'O valid evidence f'Or telepathy phantasms, 'Or cially S'O in the case 'Of a platinum print. The animals 'Of devel'Opment as 'Opp'Osed t'O decline; sec­ spirit c·'Ommunicati'Ons." He is als'O a member 'Of the paper negative, besides, presents several decided ad­ 'Ond, that the decline in the rate 'Of gr'Owth is c'Orrelated American Academy 'Of Arts and Sciences, 'Of the New vantages: First, it c'Osts three 'Or f'Our times less than with the relati'On and differentiati'On 'Of the pr'Ot'Oplasm Y'Ork Academy 'Of Sciences, 'Of the American Phil'Os'Oph­ a plate, giving an ec'On'Omy which .will be appreciated; 'Of the cells. Embry'Ol'Ogical investigati'Ons, h'Owever, ical s'Ociety, and a c'Orresp'Onding member 'Of the Brit­ sec'Ond, it is easier t'O ret'Ouch, either 'On the fr'Ont 'Or have bec'Ome, during the last twenty years, m'Ore pre­ ish Ass'Ociati'On f'Or the Advancement 'Of Science. In back, with'Out any special preparati'On, varnishing, etc., d'Ominant, and his many papers have given the results 1897 he received an electi'On t'O the Nati'Onal Academy as in the case 'Of a plate; third, halati'On 'Of the nega­ 'Of his vari'Ous researches. 'Of Sciences, which is the highest h'On'Or that can be tive is suppressed. Besides, the pr'Oducti'On 'Of such An'Other field 'Of early study t'O which he dev'Oted given t'O an American scientist by his ass'Ociates. negatives present n'O difficulty. The paper is placed c'Onsiderable attenti'On was the structure 'Of w'Orms, D'Oct'Or Min'Ot became a member 'Of the American with the back against a clear glass plate, and the and the m'Ost imp'O!tant general result 'Of these inves­ Ass'Ociati'On at the Sarat'Oga meeting in 1879. A year wh'Ole is put in the h'Older; in m'Ost cases the paper tigati'Ons was his dem'Onstrati'On that the nemertean later he was made a fell'Ow, and in 1885 was general will keep itself in place, 'Or in 'Others it may be put w'Orms, which had always been classed with Platthel­ secretary 'Of the ass'Ociati'On. He affiliated himself with between tw'O glass plates. The exp'Osure is, 'Of c'Ourse, minths, f'Ormed a distinct class. He als'O dev'Oted s'Ome the secti'On 'On bi'Ol'Ogy, 'Of which in 1890 he became s'Omewhat l'Onger than f'Or a rapid plate; this may attenti'On t'O the micr'Osc'Opic anat'Omy 'Of insects and vice-president, delivering at the Indianap'Olis meeting be easily f'Ound by 'One 'Or tw'O trials. As t'O the devel­ invertebrates, publishing several papers 'On that sub­ an address 'On "Certain Phen'Omena 'Of Gr'Owing Old," 'Opment, it sh'Ould be s'Omewhat pushed, as the 'Opacity ject, am'Ong which is an extended essay 'On the his­ in which he c'Ontended that the gr'Owth 'Of pr'Ot'Oplasm 'Of the paper makes it rather difficult t'O examine by t'Ol'Ogy 'Of the l'Ocust which appeared in 'One 'Of the was the m'Ost characteristic peculiarity 'Of advancing transparence, and it cann'Ot, 'Of c'Ourse, be examined rep'Orts 'Of the United States Ent'Om'Ol'Ogical C'Ommis­ age, drawing his facts alm'Ost entirely fr'Om the study fr'Om the back; but this is a min 'Or difficulty. T'O make si'On. 'Of vertebrates. At the New Y'Ork meeting, held last the print, the paper sh'Ould be 'Oiled, which increases In the practice 'Of his w'Ork in the medical lab'Ora­ year, he was the unanimDus ch'Oice 'Of the CDuncil f'Or its transparence and diminishes the grain; vaseline tory he has invented several important instruments, the presidency. 'Or nearly any 'Oil will suffice. In this way s'Ome very

chiefly tw'O micr'Ot'Omes 'Originally described by him in ...... fine prints have been made which have an artistic 1897, but since impr'Oved, 'One 'Of which he has desig­ EXPORTS TO PORTO RICO. character resembling ph'Ot'Ogravures. The pr'Ocess is nated as an "aut'Omatic wheel micr'Ot'Ome" and the Exports 'Of American pr'Oducts tD P'Ort'O Ric'O in the such a simple 'One that it is well w'Orth a trial.

'Other as the "precisi'On micr'Ot'Ome," b'Oth 'Of which fiscal year just ended were, acc'Ording t'O the figures 'Of •••• have received fav'Orable rec'Ogniti'On am'Ong his c'Ol­ the Treasury Bureau 'Of Statistics, m'Ore than three Dr. D'Oty's crusade against m'Osquit'Oes 'On Staten leagues. times as great as they averaged when P'Ort'O Ric'O was Island is succeeding very well. A little 'Oil is sprinkled T'O attempt any extended c'Onsiderati'On 'Of his bib­ under the Spanish flag, and m'Ore than 50 per cent in 'On the grass 'Or weeds ab'Out 10 feet away fr'Om the li'Ography w'Ould carry us bey'Ond the limits 'Of this excess 'Of th'Ose pri'Or t'O the enactment 'Of the P'Orto h'Ouses. The inhabitants in the m'Osquit'O-ridden dis­ brief sketch, and we must c'Ontent 'Ourselves with Rican tariff law which went intD effect May 1, 1906.1- trict claim that f'Or the first time in weeks they were menti'Oning a few 'Of the m'Ore imp'Ortant 'Of his recent The t'Otal d'Omestic exp'Orts fr'Om the United States able t'O enj'Oy' a g'O'Od night's rest. The treatment 'Of papers. Of these the "W'Ork 'Of the Naturalist in the t'O P'OrtD Ric'O in the fiscal year 1897, which entirely the p'Onds with petr'Oleum seems t'O have als'O lessened World" was a presidential address delivered before preceded the beginning 'Of h'Ostilities with Spain, were the evil.