Currents and Waves in the Northern Gulf of Riga
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A Study of Hydrodynamic and Coastal Geomorphic Processes in Küdema Bay, the Baltic Sea
Coastal Engineering 187 A study of hydrodynamic and coastal geomorphic processes in Küdema Bay, the Baltic Sea Ü. Suursaar1, H. Tõnisson2, T. Kullas1, K. Orviku3, A. Kont2, R. Rivis2 & M. Otsmann1 1Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Estonia 2Instititute of Ecology, Tallinn Pedagogical University, Estonia 3Merin Ltd., Estonia Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyze relationships between hydrodynamic and geomorphic processes in a small bay in the West-Estonian Archipelago. The area consists of a Silurian limestone cliff exposed to storm activity, and a dependent accumulative distal spit consisting of gravel and pebble. Changes in shoreline position have been investigated on the basis of large-scale maps, aerial photographs, topographic surveys and field measurements using GPS. Waves and currents were investigated using a Recording Doppler Current Profiler RDCP-600 deployed into Küdema Bay in June 2004 and the rough hydrodynamic situation was simulated using hydrodynamic and wave models. The main hydrodynamic patterns were revealed and their dependences on different meteorological scenarios were analyzed. It was found that due to exposure to prevailing winds (and waves induced by the longest possible fetch for the location), the spit elongates with an average rate of 14 m/year. Major changes take place during storms. Vitalization of shore processes is anticipated due to ongoing changes in the regional wind climate above the Baltic Sea. Keywords: shoreline changes, currents, waves, sea level, hydrodynamic models. 1 Introduction Estonia has a relatively long and strongly indented shoreline (3794 km; Fig. 1), therefore the knowledge of coastal processes is of large importance for WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, Vol 78, © 2005 WIT Press www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509 (on-line) 188 Coastal Engineering sustainable development and management of the coastal zone. -
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 80 (2008) 31–41
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 80 (2008) 31–41 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecss Field observations on hydrodynamic and coastal geomorphic processes off Harilaid Peninsula (Baltic Sea) in winter and spring 2006–2007 U¨ . Suursaar a,*, J. Jaagus b,A.Kontc, R. Rivis c,H.To˜nisson c a Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Ma¨ealuse 10a, Tallinn 12618, Estonia b Institute of Geography, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu 51014, Estonia c Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, Narva 25, Tallinn 10120, Estonia article info abstract Article history: Investigations of multi-layer current regime, variations in sea level and wave parameters using a bottom- Received 30 April 2008 mounted RDCP (Recording Doppler Current Profiler) during 20 December 2006–23 May 2007 were Accepted 5 July 2008 integrated with surveys on changes of shorelines and contours of beach ridges at nearby Harilaid Available online 18 July 2008 Peninsula (Saaremaa Island). A W-storm with a maximum average wind speed of 23 m sÀ1 occurred on 14–15 January with an accompanying sea level rise of at least 100 cm and a significant wave height of Keywords: 3.2 m at the 14 m deep RDCP mooring site. It appeared that in practically tideless Estonian coastal waters, sea level Doppler-based ‘‘vertical velocity’’ measurements reflect mainly site-dependent equilibrium between currents waves resuspension and sedimentation. The mooring site, 1.5 km off the Kelba Spit of Harilaid, was located in vertical fluxes the accumulation zone, where downward fluxes dominated and fine sand settled. -
Cycling the Baltic States Saaremaa Virtsu ESTONIA Three Baltic Capitals, Curonian Spit & Saaremaa Island a Kuressaare USSIA R
GUIDED Lithuania – Latvia – Estonia Tallinn Cycling the Baltic States Saaremaa Virtsu ESTONIA Three Baltic capitals, Curonian Spit & Saaremaa Island a Kuressaare USSIA R Baltic Se Jūrmala Sigulda Rīga LATVIA Palanga Hill of Crosses Klaipėda LITHUANIA Ventė Nida Vilnius Kaunas BELARUS RUSSIA Trakai POLAND Tour distances: cycling ~310 km, by coach ~1340 km, by boat ~62 km 11 days / 10 nights TOUR INFORMATION 11 days guided group cycling tour from Vilnius to Tallinn (Code G1) Cycling grade: The Baltic coast and National Parks of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia explored on highly scenic routes, We rate this trip Easygoing. Daily biking routes mainly on low traffic roads and cycle paths range including the three capital cities – Vilnius, Riga and Tallinn – with their old towns designated by UNESCO from 25 to 60 km (15-37 miles each day). The as the World Heritage Sites; and featuring the previously-closed Curonian Spit and beautiful Estonian terrain is varied and rolling with some gradual island. Travel from Lithuania in the south, through Latvia and on to Estonia in the north, enjoy a great hills on some riding days (some steep ups and variety of towns, villages and landscapes, and get an excellent feel for the different characters of these downs in the Gauja River valley) and dead flat most of the tour. Our walking in the capital towns distinctive countries. is along cobbled streets. Arrival & departure information /Transfers Day 1: Arrive in Vilnius grey herons and cormorants, visit the to Riga. (Cycle ~40 km, bus ~100 km). Airports: Vilnius / Kaunas / Tallinn Welcome meeting at the hotel with Hill of Witches. -
Saare MAAKONNA Loodusväärtused Saare MAAKONNA Loodusväärtused 2 3
SAARE MAAKONNA loodusväärtused SAARE MAAKONNA loodusväärtused 2 3 SISUKORD KAITSEALAD ................... 8 Odalätsi maastikukaitseala ....... 27 Vilsandi rahvuspark ............. 9 Panga maastikukaitseala ......... 27 Abruka looduskaitseala .......... 10 Üügu maastikukaitseala ......... 28 Laidevahe looduskaitseala ........ 11 HOIUALAD .................... 30 Liiva-Putla looduskaitseala ....... 12 Karala-Pilguse hoiuala ........... 31 Linnulaht .................... 13 Karujärve hoiuala .............. 31 Loode tammik ................ 14 Väikese väina hoiuala ........... 33 Rahuste looduskaitseala ......... 15 Viidumäe looduskaitseala ........ 16 KAITSEALUSED PARGID ........... 34 Viieristi looduskaitseala. 17 Kuressaare lossipark ............ 34 Järve luidete maastikukaitseala .... 20 Mihkel Ranna dendraarium ....... 34 Kaali maastikukaitseala .......... 20 Mõntu park .................. 35 Kaugatoma-Lõo maastikukaitseala .. 21 Pädaste park ................. 35 Kaart ....................... 22 ÜksikobjEKTID ................ 36 Kesselaiu maastikukaitseala ...... 25 Põlispuud ................... 36 Koigi maastikukaitseala .......... 25 Rändrahnud .................. 40 KAITSTAVATE LOODUSOBJEKTIDE VALITSEJA Keskkonnaamet Hiiu-Lääne-Saare regioon Tallinna 22, 93819 Kuressaare tel 452 7777 [email protected] www.keskkonnaamet.ee KAITSTAVATE LOODUSOBJEKTIDE KÜLASTUSE KORRALDAJA RMK loodushoiuosakond Viljandi mnt. 18b, 11216 Tallinn [email protected] www.rmk.ee Koostaja: Maris Sepp Trükise valmimisele aitasid kaasa: Kadri Paomees, Rein Nellis, Veljo -
UAL-110 the Estonian Straits
UAL-110 The Estonian Straits Exceptions to the Strait Regime ofInnocent or Transit Passage By Alexander Lott BRILL NIJHOFF LEIDEN I BOSTON UAL-110 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Lott, Alexander, author. Title: The Estonian Straits: Exceptions to the Strait Regime of Innocent or Transit Passage / by Alexander Lott. Description: Leiden; Boston : Koninklijke Brill NV, 2018. I Series: International Straits of the World; Volwne 17 I Based on author's thesis ( doctoral - Tartu Olikool, 2017) issued under title: The Estonian Straits: Exceptions to the Strait Regime of Innocent or Transit Passage. I Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018001850 (print) I LCCN 201800201s (ebook) I ISBN 9789004365049 (e-book) I ISBN 9789004363861 (hardback: alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Straits-Baltic Sea, I Straits--Finland, Gulf of. I Straits--Riga, Gulf of (Latvia and Estonia), I Straits- Estonia, I Straits, I Innocent passage (Law of the sea) I Finland, Gulf of--Intemational status. I Riga, Gulf of (Latvia and Estonia)--Intemational status. Classification: LCC KZ3810 (ehook) I LCC KZ38IO .L68 2018 (print) I DOC 34I.4/48--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018001850 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: "Brill". See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 0924-4867 ISBN 978-90-04-36386-l (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-36504-9 ( e-book) Copyright 2018 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. -
CR20 Cover 0529.Cdr
Sterr, Maack & Schultz (eds.): Development Concept for the Territory of the Baltic Green Belt - A Synthesis Report of the INTERREG IVB Project Baltic Green Belt. Coastline Reports 20 (2012), ISSN 0928-2734, ISBN 978-3-939206-05-7 S. 77 - 87 Involving Stakeholders along the Baltic Green Belt of Latvia Erik Sachtleber1 & Andra Ratkeviča2 1Institute of Geography, Kiel University 2Dabas aizsardzības pārvalde, Latvia Abstract An essential part of nature protection is involving stakeholders by communicating the need and the benefits from conserving nature. This is very often not easy to handle, the communication with important stakeholders can be disrupted and communication with these stakeholders might malfunction. In these cases a neutral mediator can influence the process and atmosphere of communication in a way that most disruptions and barriers can be overcome. The Slitere National Park is taken as an example for the processes of communication in nature protection and the impact of a neutral stakeholder in a complicated communication regime. This paper analyses the process of communication, which circumstances influenced this process, the history of the area and its stakeholders. As a result, general guidelines for strategic communication with stakeholders in nature protection are given. 1 Introduction An important part of nature conservation is to reduce the pressure of mankind on nature, for example by reducing the negative effects of stakeholders (organisations or key persons with an interest in the usage of land in a nature protection site), economic development and people’s lifestyle. This means, nature protection depends on involving stakeholders; forming alliances and agreements with those who might harm nature with their actions, although it is not their aim – for example in tourism. -
Rmk Annual Report 2014
RMK ANNUAL REPORT 2014 ANNUAL REPORT 2014 3 ADDRESS BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD 32-39 ACTIVITIES IN NATURE AND NATURE EDUCATION GROWING FOREST BENEFITS 3 POSSIBILITIES FOR MOVING IN NATURE 34 5 TEN FACTS ABOUT RMK 5 NATURE EDUCATION 36 SAGADI FOREST CENTRE 37 6-11 ABOUT THE ORGANISATION ELISTVERE ANIMAL PARK 38 NATURE CAMERA 38 ALL OVER ESTONIA 8 CHRISTMAS TREES 39 EMPLOYEES 9 HERITAGE CULTURE 39 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 10 COOPERATION PROJECTS 11 40-45 RESEARCH WORK 12-23 FOREST MANAGEMENT APPLIED RESEARCH PROJECTS 42 USE OF RESEARCH RESULTS 44 FOREST LAND OVERVIEW 14 SCHOLARSHIPS 45 CUTTING WORKS 15 FOREST RENEWAL 16 AFFORESTATION OF QUARRIES 18 46-51 FINANCIAL SUMMARY TIMBER MARKETING 18 FOREST IMPROVEMENT 20 BALANCE SHEET 48 WASTE COLLECTION 22 INCOME STATEMENT 50 FOREST FIRES 22 AUDITOR’S REPORT 51 HUNTING 23 24-31 NATURE PROTECTION DIVISION OF STATE FOREST 26 PROTECTED AREAS 26 SPECIES UNDER PROTECTION 27 KEY BIOTOPES 28 BIODIVERSITY 28 NATURE PROTECTION WORKS 29 PÕLULA FISH FARM 31 2 Address by the Chairman of the Board GROWING FOREST BENEFITS Aigar Kallas Chairman of the Management Board of RMK The RMK Development Plan 2015-2020 was laid be certain that Estonia’s only renewable natural down in 2014. The overall idea of the six strategic resource would be used wisely for the benefit of goals established with the Development Plan is the society of both today and tomorrow, and that that the forest, land and diverse natural values natural diversity would be preserved, both in the entrusted to RMK must bring greater and more di- protected as well as the managed forest. -
Eestimaa Looduse Fond Vilsandi Rahvuspargi Kaitsekorralduskava
ELF-i poolt Keskkonnaametile üle antud kinnitamata versioon Eestimaa Looduse Fond Vilsandi rahvuspargi kaitsekorralduskava aastateks 2011-2020 Liis Kuresoo ja Kaupo Kohv Tartu-Vilsandi 2010 ELF-i poolt Keskkonnaametile üle antud kinnitamata versioon SISUKORD Sissejuhatus ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1 Vilsandi rahvuspargi iseloomustus ......................................................................................... 8 1.1 Vilsandi rahvuspargi asend .......................................................................................... 8 1.2 Vilsandi rahvuspargi geomorfoloogiline ja bioloogiline iseloomustus ....................... 8 1.3 Vilsandi rahvuspargi kaitse-eesmärk, kaitsekord ja rahvusvaheline staatus................ 8 1.4 Maakasutus ja maaomand ............................................................................................ 9 1.5 Huvigrupid ................................................................................................................. 13 1.6 Vilsandi rahvuspargi visioon ..................................................................................... 16 2 Väärtused ja kaitse-eesmärgid .............................................................................................. 17 Elustik ........................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Linnustik ................................................................................................................... -
Baltica 18-1.P65
Baltica wwwgeolt/Baltica/balticahtm since 1961 BALTICA Volume 18 Number 1 June 2005 : 38-43 Long-term fluctuations in the volume of beach and foredune deposits along the coast of Latvia Jânis Lapinskis Lapinskis, J , 2005 Long-term fluctuations in the volume of beach and foredune deposits along the coast of Latvia Baltica, Vol 18 (1), 38-43 Vilnius ISSN 0067-3064 Abstract Assessed in the course of this study is the sediment budget of five coastal sections with a total length of 325 km, along the sea coast of Latvia These sites are important to community due to their value as a tourism and recreation areas, with possible loss of land and recreational suitability due to coastal erosion triggered by global climate change The changes in volume of the deposits forming the relief of the exposed part of the shore slope have been determined on the basis of 57 stationary levelling transects established in 1991, 1993 and 1994 Keywords Coastal evolution, coast of Latvia, storms, erosion, accretion, monitoring Jânis Lapinskis [janisl@lanet lv], University of Latvia, Faculty of Geography & Earth Sciences, Raiòa bul 19, Riga, Latvia, LV1586 Manuscript submitted 20 December 2004; accepted 12 April 2005 INTRODUCTION erosion and deposition The range of covered coastal environments with total length of 325 km includes high Similar to other coastal areas worldwide, the Latvian energy, sediment rich sections on the open coast of the coastal zone is presently subjected to notable changes, Baltic Sea and Irbe strait to relatively low energy, as presumably, -
V Ä I N a M E
LEGEND Ring ümber Hiiumaa 9. Hiiumaa Militaarmuuseum 19. Kuriste kirik Turismiinfokeskus; turismiinfopunkt 1. Põlise leppe kivid 10. Mihkli talumuuseum 20. Elamuskeskus Tuuletorn Sadam; lennujaam Tahkuna nina Tahkuna 2. Pühalepa kirik 11. Reigi kirik 21. Käina kiriku varemed Haigla; apteek looduskaitseala 14 3. Suuremõisa loss 12. Kõrgessaare – Viskoosa 22. Orjaku linnuvaatlustorn Kirik; õigeusukirik Tahkuna 4. Soera talumuuseum ja Mõis; kalmistu 13. Kõpu tuletorn 23. Orjaku sadam kivimitemaja Huvitav hoone; linnuse varemed 14. Ristna tuletorn 24. Kassari muuseum 5. Kärdla Mälestusmärk: sündmusele; isikule 15. Kalana 25. Sääretirp Tahkuna ps Lehtma 6. Kärdla sadam Skulptuur; arheoloogiline paik Meelste Suurjärv 16. Vanajõe org 26. Kassari kabel ja kabeliaed 7. Ristimägi RMK külastuskeskus; allikas 14 17. Sõru sadam ja muuseum 27. Vaemla villavabrik Kauste 8. Tahkuna tuletorn Austurgrunne Pinnavorm; looduslik huviväärsus 18. Emmaste kirik Meelste laht Park; üksik huvitav puu Hiiu madal 50 Tjuka (Näkimadalad) Suursäär Tõrvanina R Rändrahn; ilus vaade Kodeste ä l Mangu Kersleti b (Kärrslätt) y Metsaonn; lõkkekoht 82 l Malvaste a 50 Ta Tareste mka Kakralaid Borrby h 50 Mudaste res t Karavaniparkla; telkimiskoht te Ogandi o Kootsaare ps Matkarada; vaatetorn Sigala Saxby Tareste KÄRDLA Diby Vissulaid 50 Vormsi Tuulik; tuugen Fällarna Reigi laht Risti 80 välijõusaal Rälby Reigi Roograhu H Kroogi Hausma 50 Tuletorn; mobiilimast Ninalaid Posti Rootsi Kidaste Huitberg 50 Muuseum; kaitserajatis Ninaots a Kanapeeksi Heilu Förby 13 Linnumäe Suuremõisa -
FCE 39 Ebook
Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 39: 1–2 (2002) Revisions of some lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Antarctica Vagn Alstrup Botanical Museum, University of Copenhagen, Gothersgade 130, DK-1123 Copenhagen K, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Arthonia subantarctica Øvstedal, Heterocarpon follmannii Dodge, Thelidiola eklundii Dodge and Thelidium minutum Dodge were found to be based on discordant elements of lichenized and lichenicolous fungi and are lectotypified on the lichenicolous fungi. The new combination Polycoccum follmannii (Dodge) Alstrup is made. Thelidiola Dodge is a synonym of Muellerella Hepp ex Müll. Arg., Catillaria cremea, Thelidiola eklundii and Thelidium minutum becomes synonyms of Carbonea vorticosa, Muellerella pygmaea and Muellerella lichenicola respectively. Kokkuvõte: Parandusi mõnede Antarktika samblike ja lihhenikoolsete seente taksonoomias. Arthonia subantarctica Øvstedal, Heterocarpon follmannii Dodge, Thelidiola eklundii Dodge ja Thelidium minutum Dodge leiti baseeruvat lihheniseerunud ja lihhenikoolsete seente ühtesobimatutel elementidel ja on lektotüpiseeritud lihhenikoolsete seentena. Esitatakse uus kombinatsioon Polycoccum follmannii (Dodge) Alstrup. Thelidiola Dodge on Muellerella Hepp ex Müll. Arg. sünonüüm; Catillaria cremea, Thelidiola eklundii ja Thelidium minutum sobivad vastavalt Carbonea vorticosa, Muellerella pygmaea ja Muellerella lichenicola sünonüümideks. INTRODUCTION The Antarctic lichens and lichenicolous fungi antarctica Øvstedal should accordingly be used have mostly been treated -
Wave Climate and Coastal Processes in the Osmussaar–Neugrund Region, Baltic Sea
Coastal Processes II 99 Wave climate and coastal processes in the Osmussaar–Neugrund region, Baltic Sea Ü. Suursaar1, R. Szava-Kovats2 & H. Tõnisson3 1Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Estonia 2Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia 3Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, Estonia Abstract The aim of the paper is to investigate hydrodynamic conditions in the Neugrund Bank area from ADCP measurements in 2009–2010, to present a local long-term wave hindcast and to study coastal formations around the Neugrund. Coastal geomorphic surveys have been carried out since 2004 and analysis has been performed of aerial photographs and old charts dating back to 1900. Both the in situ measurements of waves and currents, as well as the semi-empirical wave hindcast are focused on the area known as the Neugrund submarine impact structure, a 535 million-years-old meteorite crater. This crater is located in the Gulf of Finland, about 10 km from the shore of Estonia. The depth above the central plateau of the structure is 1–15 m, whereas the adjacent sea depth is 20– 40 m shoreward and about 60 m to the north. Limestone scarp and accumulative pebble-shingle shores dominate Osmussaar Island and Pakri Peninsula and are separated by the sandy beaches of Nõva and Keibu Bays. The Osmussaar scarp is slowly retreating on the north-western and northern side of the island, whereas the coastline is migrating seaward in the south as owing to formation of accumulative spits. The most rapid changes have occurred either during exceptionally strong single storms or in periods of increased cyclonic and wave activity, the last high phase of which occurred in 1980s–1990s.