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The La Follette Dynasty Santa Clara University Scholar Commons History College of Arts & Sciences 2018 The La Follette Dynasty Nancy Unger Santa Clara University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/history Part of the Political History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Unger, N. (2018). The La Follette Dynasty. In K. Gronnerud & S. Spitzer (Eds.), Modern American Political Dynasties: A Study of Power, Family and Political Influence (pp. 259–274). Praeger. Modern American Political Dynasties: A Study of Power, Family and Political Influence yb Kathleen Gronnerud and Scott Spitzer, Editors. Copyright © 2018 by Kathleen Gronnerud and Scott Spitzer. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission of ABC-CLIO, LLC, Santa Barbara, CA. This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts & Sciences at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in History by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHAPTER FOURTEEN TheLa Follette Dynasty Nancy C. Unger Arguably Wisconsin's most famous political family, two generations of La Fol­ lettes were synonymous with national progressive reform during the first half of the 20th century. Robert La Follette began the dynasty in earnest in 1906, when he was elected to the U.S. Senate and sought to implement nation­ wide the many programs and initiatives he had enacted successf ully as three­ term governor of Wisconsin . He spent 19 years in the Senate striving to end abuses of privilege and to return power to the people , becoming one of the most influential and best-known progressives. Although the La Follette sons carried on their parents' tradition of political activism , Phil La Follette failed to attain national office after serving three terms as Wisconsin 's governor. Robert La Follette Jr. served in Congress even longer than his more famous and charismatic father, ultimate ly ending the family's 40-year service in the U.S . Senate when he was defeated by Joe McCart hy. The decline of the family's influence is attributed to widespread fatigue in the wake of decades of national reform and turmoil combined with La Follette Jr.'s distaste for campaign­ ing. Beginning in the 1960s , however , the power of the La Follette name and tradition of facilitating meaningful reform helped a third-generation La Follette to serve as Wisconsin 's attorney general for more than a decade . In the 21st century, a distant cousin - named La Follette-continues to hold state office in Wisconsin. Before their marriage in 1881 , Robert La Follette and Belle Case attended the University of Wisconsin , whose president impressed deep ly upon t hem their obligation to serve the state. The couple dedicated their lives to provid­ ing remedies for Gilded Age problems that included corrupt politics , child 260 Modern American Political Dynasties labor, unsafe working conditions , environmental devastation, racism , and sexism , with the ultimate goal of more equitably redistributing the nation 's wealth and power . Bob La Follette pursued this quest through various public offices. Belle La Follette was denied the right to vote as a woman until she was 61 years old; nevertheless , she successfully pursued other avenues to fos­ ter change-primarily public speaking and journalism. The unfailing dedication ofBob and Belle La Follette led to state and national reforms , including women's suffrage, environmental and worker protections , tax reform , and the direct election of senators. Meanwhile , their refusal to compromise on matters of principle generated considerable controversy , as when they opposed the entry of the United States into World War I and sup­ ported civil rights for African Americans . Although both Bob and Belle were lawyers capable of generating consider­ able income , they agreed to pursue the common good rather than personal wealth . The entire La Follette family paid a high financial price for Bob and Belle's altruism. Bob routinely incurred debt to promote his political goals, going so far as to create a magazine that was particularly burdensome , in terms of the time and energy, on his conscientious and frugal wife. Nevertheless , in Belle's biography of her husband , Robert M. La Follette, she approvingly quoted his assertion , "We have put by the chance to lay up anything for our children 's future . .. I wish to leave something to the state more lasting than bronze or marble and a better legacy to the state than mere wealth. "1 The La Follette family was extraordinarily close, with the couple's four children - Flora (Fola), RobertJr. , Philip, and Mary-expected to remain, even as adults, personally and professionally involved in their parents ' pursuits. Belle and Bob made clear their expectation that the children, especially their two sons , would also dedicate their lives to progressive reform. Although Phil was the more politically ambitious , only his brother Robert Jr. met the mini­ mum age requirement to run for the U.S. Senate seat left vacant by their father's death in 1925. Bob La Follette Jr. held that seat and built on the family legacy of progressive reform throughout the Great Depression and World War II. Phil La Follette served three terms as Wisconsin 's governor in the 1930s; however , the Wisconsin Progressive Party created by the two brothers during the Great Depression proved temporary. The family's influence in national politics came to a halt in 1946 when Robert La Follette Jr. lost the Republican primary to Joseph McCarthy. Although the many political achievements of the La Fol­ lette brothers continued the movement pioneered by their parents , the family's second generation was less path-breaking , passionate , and politically skilled than the first. Continuing this trend , although the La Follette name still gen­ erates recognition and votes in Wisconsin , the achievements of subsequent generation La Follettes who have entered public service pale in comparison to their progenitors. The La Follette D ynasty 261 La Follette Political Dynasty Family Tree 1. Jesse La Follette, 1781-1843 Married Mary Lee 11 children including Josiah and Harvey 2. Harvey Marion La Follette, 1832-1865 Married Susan C. Fullenwider Eight children including William LeRoy, Grant, and Harvey Marion 3. William LeRoy La Follette, 1860-1934 Washi ngton State House of Representati ves, 1899-1901 U.S. House of Representa tives, 1911-1919 Seven children including Suzanne and William LeRoy Jr. 4. William Le Roy La Follette Jr., 1890-1950 Washington State House of Representatives , 1937 Married Helen Two children: Mimi and Mary Lee 4. Suzanne La Follette, 1893-1983 Libertarian feminist, journali st 3. Harvey Marion La Follette, 1858-1929 Indiana state superintendent of public instruction, 1887-1891 Cofounder , city of La Follette, Tennessee, 1897 One child: Warner Marion 2. Josiah La Follette, 1817-1856 Married Mary Ferguson Buchana n Four children : William, Marion, Josephine , and Robert 3. Robert M. La Follette, 1855-1925 District attorney, Dane County, Wisconsin, 1880-1884 U.S. House of Representative s, 1885-1891 Governor of W isconsin, 1901-1906 U.S. senator, Wisco nsin, 1906-1925 (continued) 262 Modern American Politi cal Dynasties La Follette Political Dynasty Family Tree (continued) Married Belle Case, 1859-1931 Journ alist, woman suffrage advocate , peace activist Four childr en: Flora (Fola), Robert Jr., Ph ilip, and Mary 4. Flora La Follette, 1882- 1970 Woman suffrage advocate, labor ac tivist, teacher Married George Middleton 4. Robert La FolletteJr. , 1895-1953 U.S. senator , Wisconsin, 1925-1947 Married Rachel Wilson Young Two childr en: Joseph and Bronson 5. Bronson La Follette, 1936-2018 Attorney genera l, Wisconsin , 1965-1969 , 1975-1987 Married Lynn Godwi n Two children : Robert and Deborah 4. Philip La Follette, 1897-1965 District attorn ey, Dane Count y, Wisconsin , 1925-1 927 Governo r of Wiscons in , 1931-1933, 1935-1939 Married Isabel Bacon Three c hild ren: Robert, Judith, and Sherr y Distant re latives Charles M . La Follette, 1898-1974 Indiana Hou se of Representati ves, 1927-1929 U.S. House of Representat ives, 1943-1947 Doug La Follette, 1940- Wisconsin secretary of state, 1975-1979 , 1983- The Early Life of Robert M. La Follette Robert "Fighting B ob" La Fo llette w as born on June 14 , 1855 , to Mar y Ferguson La Fo llette in Prim rose, Wisconsin . Hi s politically act ive fat her , farmer Josiah L a Follette , came from a large, well-educated ex tended f amily The La Follette Dynasty 263 of abolitionists, politically active in the newly formed Republican Party. Josiah La Follette served two terms as town clerk before being elected assessor. His political aspirations were cut short by his death at the age of 38, just eight months after Robert's birth. As Bob La Follette was growing up, his mother impressed deeply upon him his responsibility to never do anything to dishonor his father's name . As detailed in FightingBob La Follette: The Righ­ teous Reformer,2 Bob's longing to know more about this phantom father cul­ minated with La Follette examining his father's remains in 1894 when the grave was exhumed to be transferred for reburial. Organized religion played little role in Bob La Follette 's lifelong dedica­ tion to doing right. As a child he resented the elderly, rigidly pious stepfa­ ther who preached that La Follette 's beloved father 's agnosticism condemned him to hell. Although Bob La Follette eschewed church attendance the rest of his life, his years as an undergraduate and law student at the University of Wisconsin honed his commitment to remedying the injustices plaguing soci­ ety. As he noted in La Follette's Autobiography, even before his classes began , a speech by Edward G. Ryan influenced him profoundly .
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