Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Ludhiana, Punjab (India)
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 20(3): 1-12, 2019; Article no.JGEESI.48345 ISSN: 2454-7352 Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Ludhiana, Punjab (India) Dapinder Deep Singh1*, Mukta Sharma2, Sashikanta Sahoo3 and Siby John4* 1IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India. 2Department of Geology, School of Built Environment, IKGPTU, Jalandhar, India. 3Water Resources & Geoinformatics Division, PRSC, Ludhiana, India. 4Department of Civil Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JGEESI/2019/v20i330105 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Wen-Cheng Liu, Department of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering, National United University, Taiwan And Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute, National United University, Taipei, Taiwan. Reviewers: (1) Adelere Ezekiel Adeniran, University of Lgaos, Nigeria. (2) Okoyeh, Elizabeth Ifeyinwa, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle3.com/review-history/48345 Received 11 January 2019 Original Research Article Accepted 30 March 2019 Published 09 April 2019 ABSTRACT This paper presents a geospatial analysis of the groundwater quality of Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The groundwater samples were collected from 99 locations using grid based sampling procedure and analysed for parameters viz. pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium 2+ 2+ + + - - - (Ca ), magnesium (Mg ), sodium (Na ), potassium (K ), fluoride (F ), chloride (Cl ), nitrate (NO3 ), 2 - - sulphate (SO 4 ) and bicarbonate (HCO3 ). Sampling was done during both pre-monsoon and post- monsoon periods. Water quality index (WQI) was used to represent the groundwater quality of the study area.
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