Supplementary Table 2: Differentially Expressed Genes Corresponding to Cluster One
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Supplemental Information to Mammadova-Bach Et Al., “Laminin Α1 Orchestrates VEGFA Functions in the Ecosystem of Colorectal Carcinogenesis”
Supplemental information to Mammadova-Bach et al., “Laminin α1 orchestrates VEGFA functions in the ecosystem of colorectal carcinogenesis” Supplemental material and methods Cloning of the villin-LMα1 vector The plasmid pBS-villin-promoter containing the 3.5 Kb of the murine villin promoter, the first non coding exon, 5.5 kb of the first intron and 15 nucleotides of the second villin exon, was generated by S. Robine (Institut Curie, Paris, France). The EcoRI site in the multi cloning site was destroyed by fill in ligation with T4 polymerase according to the manufacturer`s instructions (New England Biolabs, Ozyme, Saint Quentin en Yvelines, France). Site directed mutagenesis (GeneEditor in vitro Site-Directed Mutagenesis system, Promega, Charbonnières-les-Bains, France) was then used to introduce a BsiWI site before the start codon of the villin coding sequence using the 5’ phosphorylated primer: 5’CCTTCTCCTCTAGGCTCGCGTACGATGACGTCGGACTTGCGG3’. A double strand annealed oligonucleotide, 5’GGCCGGACGCGTGAATTCGTCGACGC3’ and 5’GGCCGCGTCGACGAATTCACGC GTCC3’ containing restriction site for MluI, EcoRI and SalI were inserted in the NotI site (present in the multi cloning site), generating the plasmid pBS-villin-promoter-MES. The SV40 polyA region of the pEGFP plasmid (Clontech, Ozyme, Saint Quentin Yvelines, France) was amplified by PCR using primers 5’GGCGCCTCTAGATCATAATCAGCCATA3’ and 5’GGCGCCCTTAAGATACATTGATGAGTT3’ before subcloning into the pGEMTeasy vector (Promega, Charbonnières-les-Bains, France). After EcoRI digestion, the SV40 polyA fragment was purified with the NucleoSpin Extract II kit (Machery-Nagel, Hoerdt, France) and then subcloned into the EcoRI site of the plasmid pBS-villin-promoter-MES. Site directed mutagenesis was used to introduce a BsiWI site (5’ phosphorylated AGCGCAGGGAGCGGCGGCCGTACGATGCGCGGCAGCGGCACG3’) before the initiation codon and a MluI site (5’ phosphorylated 1 CCCGGGCCTGAGCCCTAAACGCGTGCCAGCCTCTGCCCTTGG3’) after the stop codon in the full length cDNA coding for the mouse LMα1 in the pCIS vector (kindly provided by P. -
Drp1 Overexpression Induces Desmin Disassembling and Drives Kinesin-1 Activation Promoting Mitochondrial Trafficking in Skeletal Muscle
Cell Death & Differentiation (2020) 27:2383–2401 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-020-0510-7 ARTICLE Drp1 overexpression induces desmin disassembling and drives kinesin-1 activation promoting mitochondrial trafficking in skeletal muscle 1 1 2 2 2 3 Matteo Giovarelli ● Silvia Zecchini ● Emanuele Martini ● Massimiliano Garrè ● Sara Barozzi ● Michela Ripolone ● 3 1 4 1 5 Laura Napoli ● Marco Coazzoli ● Chiara Vantaggiato ● Paulina Roux-Biejat ● Davide Cervia ● 1 1 2 1,4 6 Claudia Moscheni ● Cristiana Perrotta ● Dario Parazzoli ● Emilio Clementi ● Clara De Palma Received: 1 August 2019 / Revised: 13 December 2019 / Accepted: 23 January 2020 / Published online: 10 February 2020 © The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access Abstract Mitochondria change distribution across cells following a variety of pathophysiological stimuli. The mechanisms presiding over this redistribution are yet undefined. In a murine model overexpressing Drp1 specifically in skeletal muscle, we find marked mitochondria repositioning in muscle fibres and we demonstrate that Drp1 is involved in this process. Drp1 binds KLC1 and enhances microtubule-dependent transport of mitochondria. Drp1-KLC1 coupling triggers the displacement of KIF5B from 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: kinesin-1 complex increasing its binding to microtubule tracks and mitochondrial transport. High levels of Drp1 exacerbate this mechanism leading to the repositioning of mitochondria closer to nuclei. The reduction of Drp1 levels decreases kinesin-1 activation and induces the partial recovery of mitochondrial distribution. Drp1 overexpression is also associated with higher cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (Cdk-1) activation that promotes the persistent phosphorylation of desmin at Ser-31 and its disassembling. Fission inhibition has a positive effect on desmin Ser-31 phosphorylation, regardless of Cdk-1 activation, suggesting that induction of both fission and Cdk-1 are required for desmin collapse. -
Prox1regulates the Subtype-Specific Development of Caudal Ganglionic
The Journal of Neuroscience, September 16, 2015 • 35(37):12869–12889 • 12869 Development/Plasticity/Repair Prox1 Regulates the Subtype-Specific Development of Caudal Ganglionic Eminence-Derived GABAergic Cortical Interneurons X Goichi Miyoshi,1 Allison Young,1 Timothy Petros,1 Theofanis Karayannis,1 Melissa McKenzie Chang,1 Alfonso Lavado,2 Tomohiko Iwano,3 Miho Nakajima,4 Hiroki Taniguchi,5 Z. Josh Huang,5 XNathaniel Heintz,4 Guillermo Oliver,2 Fumio Matsuzaki,3 Robert P. Machold,1 and Gord Fishell1 1Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Neuroscience Institute, Smilow Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, 2Department of Genetics & Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, 3Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan, 4Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, GENSAT Project, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, and 5Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724 Neurogliaform (RELNϩ) and bipolar (VIPϩ) GABAergic interneurons of the mammalian cerebral cortex provide critical inhibition locally within the superficial layers. While these subtypes are known to originate from the embryonic caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE), the specific genetic programs that direct their positioning, maturation, and integration into the cortical network have not been eluci- dated. Here, we report that in mice expression of the transcription factor Prox1 is selectively maintained in postmitotic CGE-derived cortical interneuron precursors and that loss of Prox1 impairs the integration of these cells into superficial layers. Moreover, Prox1 differentially regulates the postnatal maturation of each specific subtype originating from the CGE (RELN, Calb2/VIP, and VIP). -
Profilin-1 Is Required for Survival of Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Extended methods Immunohistochemistry HepG-2, SMMC-7721, and 293T cells were obtained from Cell Resource Center of Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy Science, Shanghai, China. HUVEC cells were kindly provided by Prof. Ping-Jin Gao at Institute of Health Sciences (Shanghai, China). All these cell lines were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS. MDA- MB-231 cell line was kindly provided by Prof. Ming-Yao Liu (East China Normal University, Shanghai, China) and was cultured in Leibovitz L-15 medium with 10% FBS. All these cell lines were originally purchased from ATCC. MDA-MB-231, SMMC-7721 or HepG2 cells were grown on coverslips in 24-well plates and fixed in either 4% paraformaldehyde or pre-chilled methanol (-20°C) for 10 min. In some cases, WT or VPS33B-null Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+Flk2-CD34- LT-HSCs were collected by flow cytometry and fixed for immunofluorescence staining. Cells were then blocked with 3% BSA in PBS for 60 min followed by incubation with primary antibodies overnight. The antibodies used were anti-HA (Sigma), anti-Flag (Sigma), anti-VPS33B (Sigma), anti- VPS16B (Abcam), anti-GDI2 (Proteintech), anti-LAMP1 (Proteintech), anti-FLOT1 (Abways), anti-CD63 (Proteintech), anti-ANGPTL2 (R&D system), anti-ANGPTL3 (R&D system), anti-TPO (Abways), anti-GLUT1 (Proteintech), anti-LDHA (Proteintech), anti-PKM2 (CST), anti-RAB11A (Abways), anti-RAB27A (Abways) and anti-V5 (Biodragon). Fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibodies (Alexa Fluor® 488 or Alexa Fluor® 555) against mouse, rabbit, or goat were obtained from the Thermo Scientific Inc. The details for all the antibodies are listed in Table S3. -
The Mucin 5AC Level in Medical Faculty Students with Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Bali Medical Journal (Bali Med J) 2019, Volume 8, Number 2: 460-463 P-ISSN.2089-1180, E-ISSN.2302-2914 The mucin 5AC level in medical faculty students with ORIGINAL ARTICLE Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) Published by DiscoverSys CrossMark Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v8i2.1425 I Gusti Ayu Made Juliari,1* Ratna Sari Dewi,1 Ni Luh Made Novi Ratnasari,2 Ariesanti Tri Handayani1 Volume No.: 8 ABSTRACT Introduction: Prolonged computer use will lead to a group of level which less than 186.33 ng/mL categorized as low mucin, while symptoms such as dryness of eyes, tired, headache and others called more than 186.33 ng/mL categorized as normal mucin level. Data was Issue: 2 Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). The decrease of Mucin 5 AC (MUC5AC) analyzed by crosstabulation table and chi-square test with significant level could be one of the signs of dry eye disease on persons with CVS. value p < 0.05. Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the Mucin 5AC Result: Most of the students who diagnosed with CVS had lower level in medical faculty students of Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia mucin 5AC levels as much as 77,3% and 33,3% students with CVS had First page No.: 460 with CVS. normal mucin 5AC level. This study analyses found there is significant Method: It is an observational cross-sectional analytic study at association between level of mucin 5AC with CVS. The students with Medical Faculty Udayana University on October 2018. Thirty four low level of mucin 5AC had 6,8 higher risk tend to be CVS (OR=6,8; CI P-ISSN.2089-1180 subject selected by purposive sampling and examined with Schirmer 95%= 1,42-32,37; p=0,012). -
RET Gene Fusions in Malignancies of the Thyroid and Other Tissues
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Review RET Gene Fusions in Malignancies of the Thyroid and Other Tissues Massimo Santoro 1,*, Marialuisa Moccia 1, Giorgia Federico 1 and Francesca Carlomagno 1,2 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (G.F.); [email protected] (F.C.) 2 Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology of the CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 10 March 2020; Accepted: 12 April 2020; Published: 15 April 2020 Abstract: Following the identification of the BCR-ABL1 (Breakpoint Cluster Region-ABelson murine Leukemia) fusion in chronic myelogenous leukemia, gene fusions generating chimeric oncoproteins have been recognized as common genomic structural variations in human malignancies. This is, in particular, a frequent mechanism in the oncogenic conversion of protein kinases. Gene fusion was the first mechanism identified for the oncogenic activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase RET (REarranged during Transfection), initially discovered in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). More recently, the advent of highly sensitive massive parallel (next generation sequencing, NGS) sequencing of tumor DNA or cell-free (cfDNA) circulating tumor DNA, allowed for the detection of RET fusions in many other solid and hematopoietic malignancies. This review summarizes the role of RET fusions in the pathogenesis of human cancer. Keywords: kinase; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; targeted therapy; thyroid cancer 1. The RET Receptor RET (REarranged during Transfection) was initially isolated as a rearranged oncoprotein upon the transfection of a human lymphoma DNA [1]. -
RET Aberrations in Diverse Cancers: Next-Generation Sequencing of 4,871 Patients Shumei Kato1, Vivek Subbiah2, Erica Marchlik3, Sheryl K
Published OnlineFirst September 28, 2016; DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1679 Personalized Medicine and Imaging Clinical Cancer Research RET Aberrations in Diverse Cancers: Next-Generation Sequencing of 4,871 Patients Shumei Kato1, Vivek Subbiah2, Erica Marchlik3, Sheryl K. Elkin3, Jennifer L. Carter3, and Razelle Kurzrock1 Abstract Purpose: Aberrations in genetic sequences encoding the tyrosine (52/88)], cell cycle–associated genes [39.8% (35/88)], the PI3K kinase receptor RET lead to oncogenic signaling that is targetable signaling pathway [30.7% (27/88)], MAPK effectors [22.7% with anti-RET multikinase inhibitors. Understanding the compre- (20/88)], or other tyrosine kinase families [21.6% (19/88)]. hensive genomic landscape of RET aberrations across multiple RET fusions were mutually exclusive with MAPK signaling cancers may facilitate clinical trial development targeting RET. pathway alterations. All 72 patients harboring coaberrations Experimental Design: We interrogated the molecular portfolio had distinct genomic portfolios, and most [98.6% (71/72)] of 4,871 patients with diverse malignancies for the presence of had potentially targetable coaberrations with either an FDA- RET aberrations using Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amend- approved or an investigational agent. Two cases with lung ments–certified targeted next-generation sequencing of 182 or (KIF5B-RET) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (RET M918T) 236 gene panels. thatrespondedtoavandetanib(multikinase RET inhibitor)- Results: Among diverse cancers, RET aberrations were iden- containing regimen are shown. tified in 88 cases [1.8% (88/4, 871)], with mutations being Conclusions: RET aberrations were seen in 1.8% of diverse the most common alteration [38.6% (34/88)], followed cancers, with most cases harboring actionable, albeit dis- by fusions [30.7% (27/88), including a novel SQSTM1-RET] tinct, coexisting alterations. -
Mucins: the Old, the New and the Promising Factors in Hepatobiliary Carcinogenesis
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Mucins: the Old, the New and the Promising Factors in Hepatobiliary Carcinogenesis Aldona Kasprzak 1,* and Agnieszka Adamek 2 1 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecicki Street 6, 60-781 Pozna´n,Poland 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, University of Medical Sciences, Szwajcarska Street 3, 61-285 Pozna´n,Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-61-8546441; Fax: +48-61-8546440 Received: 25 February 2019; Accepted: 10 March 2019; Published: 14 March 2019 Abstract: Mucins are large O-glycoproteins with high carbohydrate content and marked diversity in both the apoprotein and the oligosaccharide moieties. All three mucin types, trans-membrane (e.g., MUC1, MUC4, MUC16), secreted (gel-forming) (e.g., MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6) and soluble (non-gel-forming) (e.g., MUC7, MUC8, MUC9, MUC20), are critical in maintaining cellular functions, particularly those of epithelial surfaces. Their aberrant expression and/or altered subcellular localization is a factor of tumour growth and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress and several anti-cancer agents. Abnormal expression of mucins was observed in human carcinomas that arise in various gastrointestinal organs. It was widely believed that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) does not produce mucins, whereas cholangiocarcinoma (CC) or combined HCC-CC may produce these glycoproteins. However, a growing number of reports shows that mucins can be produced by HCC cells that do not exhibit or are yet to undergo, morphological differentiation to biliary phenotypes. Evaluation of mucin expression levels in precursors and early lesions of CC, as well as other types of primary liver cancer (PLC), conducted in in vitro and in vivo models, allowed to discover the mechanisms of their action, as well as their participation in the most important signalling pathways of liver cystogenesis and carcinogenesis. -
High-Resolution Cryo-EM Structures of Actin-Bound Myosin States Reveal the Mechanism of Myosin Force Sensing
High-resolution cryo-EM structures of actin-bound myosin states reveal the mechanism of myosin force sensing Ahmet Mentesa,b,c,1, Andrew Huehnd,1, Xueqi Liud, Adam Zwolaka,b, Roberto Domingueza,b, Henry Shumana,b,2, E. Michael Ostapa,b,c,2, and Charles V. Sindelard,2 aPennsylvania Muscle Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; bDepartment of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; cCenter for Engineering Mechanobiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and dDepartment Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 Edited by James R. Sellers, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Edward D. Korn December 15, 2017 (received for review October 19, 2017) Myosins adjust their power outputs in response to mechanical in the inhibition of MgADP release upon a restraining force on loads in an isoform-dependent manner, resulting in their ability to the lever. Additionally, we provide the high-resolution structure of dynamically adapt to a range of motile challenges. Here, we reveal the actin binding interface of myo1b, finding that, despite the the structural basis for force-sensing based on near-atomic conserved spatial topology of actin-binding loops, the precise resolution structures of one rigor and two ADP-bound states of nature of actin binding among myosins is quite diverse. Finally, we myosin-IB (myo1b) bound to actin, determined by cryo-electron provide a high-resolution structure of phalloidin bound to actin. -
Mitochondria Are Transported Along Microtubules in Membrane
Shen et al. Cell Death and Disease (2018) 9:81 DOI 10.1038/s41419-017-0145-x Cell Death & Disease ARTICLE Open Access Mitochondria are transported along microtubules in membrane nanotubes to rescue distressed cardiomyocytes from apoptosis Jing Shen1,2,3,4, Jiang-Hui Zhang1,2,3,4,HanXiao1,2,3,4,Ji-MinWu1,2,3,4,Kang-MinHe1,2,3,4,Zhi-ZhenLv1,2,3,4, Zi-Jian Li1,2,3,4, Ming Xu1,2,3,4 and You-Yi Zhang1,2,3,4 Abstract Membrane nanotubes (MNTs) act as “highways” between cells to facilitate the transfer of multiple signals and play an important role in many diseases. Our previous work reported on the transfer of mitochondria via MNTs between cardiomyocytes (CMs) and cardiac myofibroblasts (MFs); however, the elucidation of the underlying mechanism and pathophysiological significance of this transfer requires additional study. In this study, we determined that the mean movement velocity of mitochondria in MNTs between CMs and MFs was approximately 17.5 ± 2.1 nm/s. Meanwhile, treatment with microtubule polymerisation inhibitors nocodazole or colcemid in cell culture decreased mitochondrial velocity, and knockdown of the microtubule motor protein kinesin family member 5B (KIF5B) led to a similar effect, indicating that mitochondrial movement was dependent on microtubules and the motor protein KIF5B. Furthermore, we showed that hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced CM 1234567890 1234567890 apoptosis was attenuated by coculture with intact or hypoxia/reoxygenation-treated MFs, which transferred mitochondria to CMs. This rescue was prevented either by separating the cells using Transwell culture or by impairing mitochondrial transfer with nocodazole or colcemid treatment. -
Appendix 2. Significantly Differentially Regulated Genes in Term Compared with Second Trimester Amniotic Fluid Supernatant
Appendix 2. Significantly Differentially Regulated Genes in Term Compared With Second Trimester Amniotic Fluid Supernatant Fold Change in term vs second trimester Amniotic Affymetrix Duplicate Fluid Probe ID probes Symbol Entrez Gene Name 1019.9 217059_at D MUC7 mucin 7, secreted 424.5 211735_x_at D SFTPC surfactant protein C 416.2 206835_at STATH statherin 363.4 214387_x_at D SFTPC surfactant protein C 295.5 205982_x_at D SFTPC surfactant protein C 288.7 1553454_at RPTN repetin solute carrier family 34 (sodium 251.3 204124_at SLC34A2 phosphate), member 2 238.9 206786_at HTN3 histatin 3 161.5 220191_at GKN1 gastrokine 1 152.7 223678_s_at D SFTPA2 surfactant protein A2 130.9 207430_s_at D MSMB microseminoprotein, beta- 99.0 214199_at SFTPD surfactant protein D major histocompatibility complex, class II, 96.5 210982_s_at D HLA-DRA DR alpha 96.5 221133_s_at D CLDN18 claudin 18 94.4 238222_at GKN2 gastrokine 2 93.7 1557961_s_at D LOC100127983 uncharacterized LOC100127983 93.1 229584_at LRRK2 leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 HOXD cluster antisense RNA 1 (non- 88.6 242042_s_at D HOXD-AS1 protein coding) 86.0 205569_at LAMP3 lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 85.4 232698_at BPIFB2 BPI fold containing family B, member 2 84.4 205979_at SCGB2A1 secretoglobin, family 2A, member 1 84.3 230469_at RTKN2 rhotekin 2 82.2 204130_at HSD11B2 hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 2 81.9 222242_s_at KLK5 kallikrein-related peptidase 5 77.0 237281_at AKAP14 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 14 76.7 1553602_at MUCL1 mucin-like 1 76.3 216359_at D MUC7 mucin 7, -
Exosomes in the Thymus: Antigen Transfer and Vesicles
MINI REVIEW published: 20 July 2015 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00366 Exosomes in the thymus: antigen transfer and vesicles Gabriel Skogberg 1*, Esbjörn Telemo 1 and Olov Ekwall 1,2 1 Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2 Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden Thymocytes go through several steps of maturation and selection in the thymus in order to form a functional pool of effector T-cells and regulatory T-cells in the periphery. Close interactions between thymocytes, thymic epithelial cells, and dendritic cells are of vital importance for the maturation, selection, and lineage decision of the thymocytes. One important question that is still unanswered is how a relatively small epithelial cell population can present a vast array of self-antigens to the manifold larger population of developing thymocytes in this selection process. Here, we review and discuss the literature concerning antigen transfer from epithelial cells with a focus on exosomes. Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles released from a cell into the extracellular space. These vesicles can carry proteins, microRNAs, and mRNAs between cells and are thus able to Edited by: Geraldo Aleixo Passos, participate in intercellular communication. Exosomes have been shown to be produced by University of São Paulo, Brazil thymic epithelial cells and to carry tissue-restricted antigens and MHC molecules, which Reviewed by: may enable them to participate in the thymocyte selection process. Bin Li, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Keywords: exosome, thymic epithelial cell, tolerance, tissue-restricted antigen, miRNA Nuno L.