14-PRIMER REGISTRO DE Porthidium Lansbergii Spp..Indd
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Modeling and Partitioning the Nucleotide Evolutionary Process for Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomic Inference
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2007 Modeling And Partitioning The Nucleotide Evolutionary Process For Phylogenetic And Comparative Genomic Inference Todd Castoe University of Central Florida Part of the Biology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Castoe, Todd, "Modeling And Partitioning The Nucleotide Evolutionary Process For Phylogenetic And Comparative Genomic Inference" (2007). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 3111. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/3111 MODELING AND PARTITIONING THE NUCLEOTIDE EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS FOR PHYLOGENETIC AND COMPARATIVE GENOMIC INFERENCE by TODD A. CASTOE B.S. SUNY – College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1999 M.S. The University of Texas at Arlington, 2001 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biomolecular Sciences in the Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2007 Major Professor: Christopher L. Parkinson © 2007 Todd A. Castoe ii ABSTRACT The transformation of genomic data into functionally relevant information about the composition of biological systems hinges critically on the field of computational genome biology, at the core of which lies comparative genomics. The aim of comparative genomics is to extract meaningful functional information from the differences and similarities observed across genomes of different organisms. -
A Prey Item Not Previously Recorded for Bothrops Asper: a Case of Ophiophagy Involving Two Sympatric Pit Viper Species
HERPETOTROPICOS Vol. 5(2):107-109 ISSN 1690-7930 (Printed) ISSN 1856-9285 (Online) J.S. MENDOZA ROLDAN Y M. FERNÁNDEZ LUCERO - OPHIOPHAGY IN SYMPATPrintedRIC inPIT Venezuela. VIPE RSAll rights reserved107 Copyright © 2011 Univ. Los Andes A PREY ITEM NOT PREVIOUSLY RECORDED FOR BOTHROPS ASPER: A CASE OF OPHIOPHAGY INVOLVING TWO SYMPATRIC PIT VIPER SPECIES JUAN SALVADOR MENDOZA ROLDAN1,2 AND MATEO FERNÁNDEZ LUCERO1 1 Museo de Historia Natural, Colección de Herpetología, Universidad de los Andes, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cra. 1A No. 18A-10, Edificio J, Piso 4, Bogotá, Colombia. Abstract: We document the first record of viperid predation for Bothrops asper. The feeding event involved a neonate of this species and a neonate of Porthidium lansbergii, the prey item. We consider neonate viper ophiophagy in B. asper a density-dependent response, as has been shown in cannibalistic events. High neonate abundance during common parturition dates makes encounters of both species likely to occur. Although we consider this feeding behavior as opportunistic, its true frequency in nature is unknown. Key Words: Serpentes, Viperidae, ecology, diet, feeding habits, Porthidium lansbergii, Colombia. Resumen: J.S. Mendoza Roldan y M. Fernández Lucero. “Una presa de Bothrops asper no reportada previamente: un caso de ofiofagia que involucra dos especies simpátricas de víboras”. Documentamos el primer registro de depredación de vipéridos por Bothrops asper. El evento de alimentación involucró un neonato de esta especie y un neonato de Porthidium lansbergii, la presa. Consideramos que la ofiofagia en B. asper es una respuesta denso-dependiente, como se ha descrito en eventos de canibalismo. Abundancias elevadas de neonatos durante las fechas de nacimientos comunes para ambas especies, facilita el encuentro entre ellas. -
Atropoides Picadoi Agkistrodon Bilineatus
37 Beauty of the Beast SNAKES OF COSTA RICA AA DEADLYDEADLY CHARMCHARM Large and small, colorful or drab, harmless or dangerously venomous - meet some of the most fascinating ophidians of Mesoamerica 38 Spilotes pullatus Powerful, muscular, agile and fast-moving, this diurnal and highly variable species can attain a length of 2.6 meter / 8.5 feet. Relatively common in dry lowland riverine forest from Mexico to Argentina, it makes for an impressive encounter in the field, offering a most effective defensive display which includes mouth gaping, loud hissing and extreme inflating of the throat. 39 TEXTS BY POMPILIO CAMPOS BONILLA & ANDREA FERRARI PHOTOS BY ANDREA & ANTONELLA FERRARI and POMPILIO CAMPOS CHINCHILLA osta Rica is a Central American in major international treaties and Ctropical country which thanks to its conventions for the conservation of prevailing environmental conditions nature. A member of CITES, it follow can boast a rich diversity of snakes, strict rules regulating the international with a total of 11 families, 64 genera trade in endangered species - therefore and 139 ophidian species of aquatic, snakes enjoy benefits conferred by terrestrial and arboreal habits, law, ensuring their survival. However, distributed in almost all its territory, because of the myths and popular from sea level to an elevation of about beliefs about snakes, many species of 3000 meters. Only 22 of these possess great ecological importance are still a venom capable of causing harm to victims of human ignorance and are human health - these belong to the regularly killed, mainly in agricultural family Viperidae (pit vipers with heat- areas where workers are afraid of sensitive loreal pits, with haemotoxic being bitten. -
Envenomation Caused by the Bite of the Snake Bothriechis Schlegelii. Report of Two Cases in Colombia
Case Reports 2017; 3(1) https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/care/article/view/58625 ENVENOMATION CAUSED BY THE BITE OF THE SNAKE BOTHRIECHIS SCHLEGELII. REPORT OF TWO CASES IN COLOMBIA Palabras clave: Bothriechis schlegelii; Mordeduras de serpientes; Coagulación sanguínea; Colombia. Keywords: Bothriechis schlegelii; Snake bites; Blood coagulation; Colombia. Mario Galofre-Ruiz, MD, MSc Tox Centro de Información de Seguridad sobre Productos Químicos CISPROQUIM Consejo Colombiano de Seguridad Bogotá D.C. – Colombia Corresponding author [email protected] Phone number.: (057)3157261026 CASE REPORTS ABSTRACT brown and black), helps it mimic its surround- ings. It has prehensile tail, and from two to four The bite by snakes of the Bothriechis genus is small superciliar scales, in the way of “eye- common in certain areas of Colombia such as lashes”. It feeds on baby birds, lizards, frogs the Coffee-growing Region. Due to their arbo- and rodents, inhabits tropical forests and corn real habits and defensiveness, these snakes and coffee crops, at altitudes ranging from 0 usually bite farmers in their upper limbs and to 2600 m; the viper reaches the highest alti- face. In Colombia, the incidence of accidents tude in Colombia (2,3). caused by these snakes has not been accu- In the regions in which it inhabits, it is also rately estimated yet because of deficiencies in known as cabeza de candado, granadilla, ví- recording this type of cases, as well as of the bora de tierra fría, víbora de pestañas, ya- ignorance on this reptile by health personnel ruma, veinticuatro, guacamaya, víbora rayo, working in its area of influence. -
Program and Abstracts
Meeting of the Network for Neotropical Biogeography 4th Program and Abstracts PANAMA - January 14-17, 2015 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Program 4th Meeting of the Network for Neotropical Biogeography NNB4 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 14-17 January, 2015 This meeting is being hosted by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), and financially supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Indicasat and the Florida Museum of Natural History/University of Florida. Organizers Liliana Londoño and Carlos Jaramillo, STRI PANAMA CHANGED THE WORLD! The Isthmus of Panama emerged from the sea millions of years ago, joining two continents and producing one of the largest vicariance events in Earth’s history: the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). At that time, marine populations were separated while terrestrial plants and animals underwent massive migrations between North and South America, dramatically changing the Earth. The rise of the isthmus also impacted atmospheric and oceanic circulation, including substantial changes in Atlantic and Caribbean salinity. There is no better place to have a symposium on Neotropical Biogeography! 1 NETWORK FOR NEOTROPICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY Tropical America – the Neotropics – is the most species-rich region on Earth. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the historical assembly and evolution of this extreme biodiversity constitutes a major challenge in biology, and will require hitherto unrealized inter- disciplinary scientific collaboration. The primary goals of this network are to: • Promote scientific interaction • Stimulate the exchange of material, students and researchers • Increase inter-disciplinarity between different fields • Discuss and plan joint projects and grant applications • Stimulate collaborative field work and reciprocal help with field collection of research material • Inform on upcoming events, recent papers and other relevant material The NNB was created in 2011 and has been increasing every year, with previous meetings in Germany, USA and Colombia. -
Porthidium Lansbergii Rozei) Snake´S Venom Causing Human Accidents in Eastern Venezuela Investigación Clínica, Vol
Investigación Clínica ISSN: 0535-5133 Universidad del Zulia Girón, María E.; Ramos, María I.; Cedeño, Luisneidys; Carrasquel, Axl; Sánchez, Elda E.; Navarrete, Luis F.; Rodríguez-Acosta, Alexis Exploring the biochemical, haemostatic and toxinological aspects of mapanare dry-tail (Porthidium lansbergii rozei) snake´s venom causing human accidents in Eastern Venezuela Investigación Clínica, vol. 59, no. 3, 2018, July-September, pp. 260-277 Universidad del Zulia DOI: https://doi.org/10.22209/IC.v59n3a06 Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=372960219007 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Invest Clin 59(3): 260 - 277, 2018 https://doi.org/10.22209/IC.v59n3a06 Exploring the biochemical, haemostatic and toxinological aspects of mapanare dry-tail (Porthidium lansbergii rozei) snake´s venom causing human accidents in Eastern Venezuela María E. Girón1, María I. Ramos1, Luisneidys Cedeño1, Axl Carrasquel1, Elda E. Sánchez2, Luis F. Navarrete1 and Alexis Rodríguez-Acosta1 1Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Ultraestructura, Instituto Anatómico “José Izquierdo”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. 2National Natural Toxins Research Center (NTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 158, Kingsville, TX, USA. Key words: Porthidium lansbergii rozei; fibrinolysis; haemorrhages; lethality; venom. Abstract. Porthidium lansbergii rozei (P.l.rozei) is a snake species belonging to the Venezuelan ophidian-fauna causing relatively frequent human accidents. This study has been developed to enrich the medical information about this snake´s accident, which is often handled with difficulties due to the ignorance about its toxic activities. -
A New Species of Hognose Pitviper, Genus Porthidium, from the Southwestern Pacific of Costa Rica (Serpentes: Viperidae)
Rev. Biol. Trop. 51(3): 797-804, 2003 www.ucr.ac.cr www.ots.ac.cr www.ots.duke.edu A new species of hognose pitviper, genus Porthidium, from the southwestern Pacific of Costa Rica (Serpentes: Viperidae) William W. Lamar1 & Mahmood Sasa2 1 College of Sciences, University of Texas, 3900 University Blvd., Tyler, Texas 75799, USA. 2 Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Universidad de Costa Rica. San José, Costa Rica, and Organization for Tropical Studies, San José, Costa Rica. Received 12-IV-2003. Corrected 29-VIII-2003. Accepted 01-IX-2003. Abstract: A new species of terrestrial pitviper, Porthidium porrasi, is described from mesophytic forests of the Península de Osa and surrounding area of the Pacific versant of southwestern Costa Rica. It is most similar to P. nasutum and is characterized by a pattern of bands, persistence of the juvenile tail color in adults, and a high number of dorsal scales. Analysis of mtDNA sequences confirms its distinction from P. nasutum. The existence of this species reinforces the notion of elevated herpetofaunal endemism in southwestern Costa Rica. Key words: Porthidium porrasi, Porthidium nasutum, Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, Central America. The pitviper genus Porthidium has under- genus Atropoides (Werman 1992); the mon- gone several revisions since its conception by tane pitvipers, genus Cerrophidion (Campbell Cope (1871). The genus has included two to and Lamar 1992); and the hognosed pitvipers, 17 species of terrestrial snakes, most of them genus Porthidium (Campbell and Lamar 1989, less than a meter in total length, and most with in press). Despite the considerable morpho- middle American distributions (Amaral 1927, logical differences, the three genera form a 1929, 1944, Boulenger 1896, Campbell and monophyletic clade that originated and Lamar 1989, Cope 1871, Dunn 1928). -
Porthidium Dunni (Hartweg and Oliver, 1938)
Porthidium dunni (Hartweg and Oliver, 1938). Dunn’s Hognosed Pitviper is a “priority two species” that has been assessed Environmental Vulnerability Score of 16 (see the following article). This pitviper is found primarily at low elevations along the foothills of the Sierra Madre del Sur physiographic region and the coastal plain of the Planicie Costera del Pacífico and Planicie Costera de Tehuantepec physiographic regions (Mata-Silva et al., 2015b) in southern Oaxaca and extreme western Chiapas, Mexico. This individual was found ca. 3.6 km NNW of La Soledad, Municipio de Villa de Tututepec de Melchor Ocampo, Oaxaca. ' © Vicente Mata-Silva 543 www.mesoamericanherpetology.com www.eaglemountainpublishing.com The endemic herpetofauna of Mexico: organisms of global significance in severe peril JERRY D. JOHNSON1, LARRY DAVID WILSON2, VICENTE MATA-SILVA1, ELÍ GARCÍA-PADILLA3, AND DOMINIC L. DESANTIS1 1Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968-0500, United States. E-mail: [email protected], and [email protected], and [email protected] 2Centro Zamorano de Biodiversidad, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Departamento de Francisco Morazán, Honduras. E-mail: [email protected] 3Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68023, Mexico. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Life on Earth exists due to the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and litho- sphere. Humans, however, have created and are faced with the consequences of an interrelated set of problems that impact all of these spheres, including the biosphere. The decline in the diversity of life is a problem of global dimensions resulting from a sixth mass extinction episode created by humans. -
Reptiles Del Bosque Seco Estacional En El Caribe
ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol SEDE BOGOTÁ FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ARTÍCULODEPARTAMENTO DE DE INVESTIGACIÓN/RESEARCH BIOLOGÍA ARTICLE REPTILES DEL BOSQUE SECO ESTACIONAL EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO: DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LOS HÁBITATS Y DEL RECURSO ALIMENTARIO Reptiles from the Seasonal Dry Forest the Caribbean Region: Distribution of Habitat and use of Food Resource Luis Eduardo ROJAS MURCIA1, Juan E. CARVAJAL COGOLLO1, Javier Alejandro CABREJO BELLO1. 1 Grupo Biología de la Conservación, Laboratorio Museo de Historia Natural Luis Gonzalo Andrade. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Av. Central del Norte. Tunja, Colombia. 2 Grupo Biodiversidad y Conservación, Línea Reptiles, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. For correspondence. [email protected] Received: 4th March 2015, Returned for revision: 18th April 2015, Accepted: 30th November 2015. Associate Editor: Martha Ramírez Pinilla. Citation / Citar este artículo como: Rojas Murcia LE, Carvajal Cogollo JE, Cabrejo Bello JA. Reptiles del bosque seco estacional en el Caribe Colombiano: distribución de los hábitats y del recurso alimentario. Acta biol. Colomb. 2016;21(2):365-377. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n2.49393 RESUMEN Con el fin de caracterizar la distribución horizontal (repartición de los hábitats) y la utilización del recurso alimentario (tipo y tamaño de las presas) del ensamblaje de reptiles del bosque seco estacional al norte de la región Caribe de Colombia, en el departamento del Cesar, se realizaron cinco salidas de campo con una duración de doce días cada una. Los muestreos se realizaron en jornadas diurnas y nocturnas, en un diseño de transectos replicados a lo largo de diferentes hábitats que incluyeron: pastizales, bordes e interiores de bosque. -
Snake Communities Worldwide
Web Ecology 6: 44–58. Testing hypotheses on the ecological patterns of rarity using a novel model of study: snake communities worldwide L. Luiselli Luiselli, L. 2006. Testing hypotheses on the ecological patterns of rarity using a novel model of study: snake communities worldwide. – Web Ecol. 6: 44–58. The theoretical and empirical causes and consequences of rarity are of central impor- tance for both ecological theory and conservation. It is not surprising that studies of the biology of rarity have grown tremendously during the past two decades, with particular emphasis on patterns observed in insects, birds, mammals, and plants. I analyse the patterns of the biology of rarity by using a novel model system: snake communities worldwide. I also test some of the main hypotheses that have been proposed to explain and predict rarity in species. I use two operational definitions for rarity in snakes: Rare species (RAR) are those that accounted for 1% to 2% of the total number of individuals captured within a given community; Very rare species (VER) account for ≤ 1% of individuals captured. I analyse each community by sample size, species richness, conti- nent, climatic region, habitat and ecological characteristics of the RAR and VER spe- cies. Positive correlations between total species number and the fraction of RAR and VER species and between sample size and rare species in general were found. As shown in previous insect studies, there is a clear trend for the percentage of RAR and VER snake species to increase in species-rich, tropical African and South American commu- nities. This study also shows that rare species are particularly common in the tropics, although habitat type did not influence the frequency of RAR and VER species. -
Revista Latinoamericana De Herpetologia
NOTA CIENTÍFICA Campbell et al. - New Generic Name - 52-53 NEW GENERIC NAME FOR JUMPING PITVIPERS (SERPENTES: VIPERIDAE) UN NUEV0 NOMBRE GENÉRICO PARA LA VÍBORAS SALTADORAS (SERPENTES: VIPERIDAE) Jonathan A. Campbell1*, Darrel R. Frost2 and Todd A. Castoe1 1Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76013 2Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Herpetology), American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024 *Correspondence: [email protected] Resumen.— Estudios recientes sobre la filogenia de las víboras de foseta han revelado que un clado que contiene las víboras saltadoras no tienen un nombre genérico (actualmente clasificadas como Atropoides). La especie tipo A. picadoi (Dunn, 1939) no es parte del grupo monofilético formado por las especies que actualmente contiene el género. Aquí proponemos un nombre y discutimos la historia nomenclatural asociada a estas serpientes. Palabras clave.— Nomenclatura; Atropoides; Cerrophidion; nuevo género. Abstract.— Recent studies on the phylogeny of New World pitvipers have revealed that the clade containing the Jumping Pitvipers (currently classified as Atropoides) lack a generic name. The type species A. picadoi (Dunn, 1939) is not part of the monophyletic group formed by the remaining species currently classified in that genus. We herein restrict Atropoides to A. picadoi, propose a new name Metlapilcoatlus gen. nov. for the remaining species, and discuss problems associated with the nomenclatural history of these snakes. Keywords.— Nomenclature; Atropoides; Cerrophidion; new genus. The genus Atropoides was erected by Werman (1992) with head large with small eyes and broadly rounded snout; rostral A. picadoi (Dunn, 1939) designated type-species. The genus wider than high; top of head covered by small, keeled scales; currently contains five other species: A. -
Diversification of Neotropical Pitvipers
DiversificationintheNeotropics:InsightsfromDemographicandPhylogeneticPatterns ofLanceheadPitvipers(Bothropsspp.) DISSERTATION PresentedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeDoctorof PhilosophyintheGraduateSchoolofTheOhioStateUniversity By ChristianDavidSalazarValenzuela,B.S. GraduatePrograminEvolution,EcologyandOrganismalBiology TheOhioStateUniversity 2016 DissertationCommittee: Dr.H.LisleGibbs(Advisor) Dr.PaulA.Fuerst Dr.ThomasHetherington Dr.JohnFreudenstein 1 Copyrightby ChristianDavidSalazarValenzuela 2016 2 Abstract TheNeotropicsisthemostspeciesͲrichregionintheworld.Thecurrentdiversity anddistributionoflineagespresentinthisregionisinparttheresultofcomplex ecologicalandevolutionarytrendsdeterminedbyenvironmentalvariablesthathave operatedatdiversespatialandtemporalscales.Inaddition,demographicprocesses havealsoinfluencedthestructureofpresentͲdayphylogeographicpatterns.Several studieshaveusedNeotropicalpitvipersasmodelorganismstoexplorehistorical diversificationpatternsandecologicalprocessesthatproducediversityinthisregion. However,fewofthosestudieshaveexploredpatternsofdiversificationforgroupsof pitviperslikelyinfluencedbyoneofthemostsalientfeaturesoftheSouthAmerican continent:TheAndes.Here,Iuseacombinationofmolecular,morphological,and geographicaldatatoexplorediversificationpatternsandtheevolutionarymechanisms implicatedinthedivergenceoftwodistinctmembersofthegenusBothrops.First,I examinecrypticdiversitypresentinthewidespreadandmedicallyimportantsnakesof theB.asperspeciescomplex(Chapter2).Usingagenomicandmorphologicaldataset