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Mount Rainier National Park, WASHINGTON TEP~RJ\ ~EF's ' in Mount Rainier National Park
PUMICE AND OTHER PYROCLASTIC DEPOSITS IN Mount Rainier National Park, WASHINGTON TEP~RJ\ ~EF's ' in Mount Rainier National Park. Pumice and scoria layers from Mount Rainier volcano (note layers R, L, D, and C) typically are stained to fairly strong brown or reddish brown; interbedded lithic ash deposits have relatively neutral but somewhat darker brownish-gray colors. Ash beds from other volcanoes (note beds marked 0, set Y, set P, and WI characteristically are lighter in color than the locally derived deposits that enclose them. S1te is in an alpine meadow near Williwakas Glacier on the southeast flank of Mount Ramier . PUMICE AND OTHER PYROCLASTIC DEPOSITS IN Mount Rainier National Park, WASHINGTON By Donal R. Mullineaux 254924 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1326 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 74-600110 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE -1974 For sale by the Superintendent of· Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402- Price $1.35 (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-02550 Contents Page Abstract.................................................. 1 Introduction . 2 Previous work and acknowledgments . 4 Terminology . 6 General setting . 8 Brief description of tephra deposits . 8 Postglacial activity of Mount Rainier . 15 Eruptive history ........................ c............. 15 Volume............................................... 18 Kinds of eruptions . 18 Hazards from future eruptions of tephra . 21 Kinds of hazards . 21 Location . 22 Warning.............................................. 23 Ages of tephra layers and their use as marker beds . 23 Tephra from distant volcanoes . 27 Tephra layer 0 (Mazama ash) . 27 Distribution, thickness, and grain size . 29 Source and age . -
A G~Ographic Dictionary of Washington
' ' ., • I ,•,, ... I II•''• -. .. ' . '' . ... .; - . .II. • ~ ~ ,..,..\f •• ... • - WASHINGTON GEOLOGICAL SURVEY HENRY LANDES, State Geologist BULLETIN No. 17 A G~ographic Dictionary of Washington By HENRY LANDES OLYMPIA FRAN K M, LAMBORN ~PUBLIC PRINTER 1917 BOARD OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Governor ERNEST LISTER, Chairman. Lieutenant Governor Louis F. HART. State Treasurer W.W. SHERMAN, Secretary. President HENRY SuzzALLO. President ERNEST 0. HOLLAND. HENRY LANDES, State Geologist. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Go,:ernor Ernest Lister, Chairman, and Members of the Board of Geological Survey: GENTLEMEN : I have the honor to submit herewith a report entitled "A Geographic Dictionary of Washington," with the recommendation that it be printed as Bulletin No. 17 of the Sun-ey reports. Very respectfully, HENRY LAKDES, State Geologist. University Station, Seattle, December 1, 1917. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page CHAPTER I. GENERAL INFORMATION............................. 7 I Location and Area................................... .. ... .. 7 Topography ... .... : . 8 Olympic Mountains . 8 Willapa Hills . • . 9 Puget Sound Basin. 10 Cascade Mountains . 11 Okanogan Highlands ................................ : ....' . 13 Columbia Plateau . 13 Blue Mountains ..................................... , . 15 Selkirk Mountains ......... : . : ... : .. : . 15 Clhnate . 16 Temperature ......... .' . .. 16 Rainfall . 19 United States Weather Bureau Stations....................... 38 Drainage . 38 Stream Gaging Stations. 42 Gradient of Columbia River. 44 Summary of Discharge -
Mo44*Uiscutu&I
Mo44*UIscUtu&i NATIONAL PARK I UNITED STATES Historic Events DEPARTMENT OF THE MOUNT INTERIOR 1792 Capt. George Vancouver, of the Royal OPEN British Navy, first white man to re HAROLD L. ICKES, Secretary ALL RAINIER cord sight of "The Mountain," named YEAR it Mount Rainier in honor of his NATIONAL PARK friend, Admiral Peter Rainier. WASHINGTON l9 41 1833 Dr. William Fraser Tomlie entered NATIONAL PARK SERVICE northwest corner of what is now the NEWTON B. DRURY, Director park. First white man to penetrate ADMINISTRATION BUILDING AT LONGMIRE this region. CO^TE^TS OUNT RAINIER NATIONAL with cinders and steam-shredded parti 1857 Lt. A. V. Kautz and four companions M PARK was established by act of cles, lumps of lava, and occasional flows Congress, approved by President Mc- Wild Flowers Color the Alpine made first attempt to scale Mount of liquid lava that have solidified into Kinley, March 2, 1899- A subsequent Meadows Cover Rainier but did not reach summit. layers of hard andesite rock. Judging act, January 31, 1931, extended the east "The Mountain" 3 by the steep inclination of the lava and boundary to the summit of the Cascade cinder layers visible in its flanks, it is Flowers and Forests 4 Range, the boundary recommended by thought to have once attained an alti Mount Rainier Summit Climb . 4 1870 Hazard Stevens and P. B. Van Trump the original bill. The park embraces tude of 16,000 feet. In subsequent ex Winter Sports 4 made the first successful ascent via 377.78 square miles (241,782 acres). -
Mount Rainier National Park, Washington
NATIONAL PARK . WASHINGTON MOUNT RAINIER WASHINGTON CONTENTS "The Mountain" 1 Wealth of Gorgeous Flowers 3 The Forests 5 How To Reach the Park 8 By Automobile 8 By Railroad and Bus 11 By Airplane 11 Administration 11 Free Public Campgrounds 11 Post Offices 12 Communication and Express Service 12 Medical Service 12 Gasoline Service 12 What To Wear 12 Trails 13 Fishing 13 Mount Rainier Summit Climb 13 Accommodations and Expenses 15 Summer Season 18 Winter Season 18 Ohanapecosh Hot Springs 20 Horseback Trips and Guide Service 20 Transportation 21 Tables of Distances 23 Principal Points of Interest 28 References 32 Rules and Regulations 33 Events of Historical Importance 34 Government Publications 35 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR • Harold L. Ickes, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Arno B. Cammerer, Director UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • 1938 AN ALL-YEAR PARK Museums.—The park museum, headquarters for educational activities, MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK may be fully enjoyed throughout the and office of the park naturalist are located in the museum building at year. The summer season extends from early June to early November; the Longmire. Natural history displays and wild flower exhibits are main winter ski season, from late November well into May. All-year roads make tained at Paradise Community House, Yakima Park Blockhouse, and the park always accessible. Longmire Museum. Nisquaiiy Road is open to Paradise Valley throughout the year. During Hikes from Longmire.—Free hikes, requiring 1 day for the round trip the winter months this road is open to general traffic to Narada Falls, 1.5 are conducted by ranger naturalists from the museum to Van Trump Park, miles by trail from Paradise Valley. -
MOUNTAINEERS.Orgmountaineerspring 2019 • VOLUME 113 • NO
WWW.MOUNTAINEERS.ORGMountaineerSpring 2019 • VOLUME 113 • NO. 2 EXPLORE • LEARN • CONSERVE in this issue: Three Generations Outside The Baby Peakbagger Confessions of an Old Scrambling Student tableofcontents tyingin Features The Mountaineers is a nonprofit 20 The Baby Peakbagger As CEO of The Mountaineers I have the organization, founded in 1906 Spring 2019 » Volume 113 » Number 2 Exploring Mount Rainier National Park with my daughter opportunity to attend many events across and dedicated to the responsible The Mountaineers enriches lives and communities by the organization throughout the year. One enjoyment and protection of natural areas. helping people explore, conserve, learn about, and enjoy 24 Three Generations Outside of my very favorite events is our Volunteer A love letter to my sons and granddaughters the lands and waters of the Pacific Northwest and beyond. Recognition Dinner, which takes place in EDITOR 30 Confessions of an Old Scrambling Student January. I love this event because it celebrates Peter Dunau Using mountains to take on aging the creativity, hard work, and commitment of CONTRIBUTING EDITOR our incredible volunteers. Kristina Ciari 39 A New Program Center for our Kitsap Branch DESIGNER For me, and most everyone who volunteers Opportunities abound in revamped building Sarah Kulfan, Beans n' Rice at The Mountaineers, volunteering is a way of PROOFREADERS sharing the joy of being outdoors with others. Trevor Dickie, Elaine Kelly, Hailey Oppelt Columns Tom and sons on Mt. Rainier We volunteer as an act of love for our wild CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 5 READER FEEDBACK places and out of gratitude for those who Tom Vogl introduced us to a lifetime of outdoor adventure. -
Moramap1.Pdf
To Wilkeson 13mi / 21km from CLEARWATER Carbon River Entrance k Obtain Climbing and Wilderness Road closed to vehicles beyond e this point. Road open to foot WILDERNESS e Camping Permits for the northwest r and bicycle traffic. Bicyclists must C r area of the park at Carbon River remain on the main road. e v Carbon e i Ranger Station. MT. BAKER-SNOQUALMIE NATIONAL FOREST o D R 165 rbon River T Ca rail (former road) r r 4mi e e C v Carbon River Entrance 6km i G v Chenuis Falls E i h e 410 R o G Lake t 1880ft k R e Carbon River i a e 573m n D e t I Eleanor e h u t Carbon River Rainforest Trail r R i k Tirzah Peak i C s h W e J 5208ft Scarface u e Adelaide Pigeon Peak r W E k n C 1587m 6108ft e L o C Lake e E k 1862m re C s N Oliver r r C Wallace Peak C A t e E e C G Ranger Falls o Sweet H Lake d k r F E D D a Peak e I N N e U ls t R I E s k l S Marjorie e a C P F Slide Mountain r E W T Lake C M e Green D 6339ft 2749ft N46° 58´ 42˝ S r Ipsut Creek O e e N 1932m 838m U Lake k I U e W121° 32´ 07˝ Florence Peak N Chenuis y R r C T Cr r k 5508ft e a A r A rb B e L 1679m g o EE I N Lakes rn n n F o b K Arthur Peak LA e I a T Lake H l Gove Peak S 5483ft R n k i C NORTH C l 5310ft Ethel a c v R 1671m u J r e E PARK 1619m W R V o e r iv H s S o e T n e ep r k de Lake K h k rl R in BURNT e an James A e C Howard Peak e d Y P PARK r r E Tyee Peak C LL e 5683ft Tr OW Natural D e ail S S k NORSE PEAK 1732m Spukwush TONE CLIFF Bridge N Tolmie Peak t C A u r Redstone R 5939ft s Alice e G p e Peak C 1810m I Falls k re BEAR e Norse Peak k WILDERNESS Eunice -
MOUNT • RAINIER NATIONAL • PARK Wbtm
wBtmmm wcy«yS&jfli .V&2Smmmmmmm\ fmWk\ mmmWmZfWmVWm W&* M §?'/*£¥&LWrnA Ur+Jmmmm m$af •5-t'' s '•* f •' •' '• Jvfl MOUNT • RAINIER NATIONAL • PARK r~Wask inatopis Trail Guide MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK Washington This Trail Guide is printed in such a way that the Wonderland Trail Section 1 is the Carbon River area. By starting a trip in this section of the park (such as the one around Mount Rainier on the Wonderland Trail) the hiker may come out periodically at devel oped areas, such as Longmire or Yakima Park, to renew supplies or to dry off if the weather has been wet. However, the hiker may begin long trips anywhere, or short trips as he pleases, by noting the maps in this trail guide and the descriptions of the vari ous trails in each sec tion. 1 SECTION 1 about 50 feet in a setting of trees, "coasting" and the Mowich Lake Carbon River WONDERLAND TRAIL ferns, and moss-covered rocks. Trail intersection is reached. It is Up again out of the trees and into four-tenths of a mile from here to the sunshine of the alpine meadows beautiful Mowich Lake, which oc is a land of flowers and cool, pure cupies an old glacial cirque and is Summary of Trail head wall of a glacial cirque of water. Here are miles of open the largest body of water in Mount Mileages such enormous proportions as to trail through Seattle and Spray Rainier National Park. Mowich is stagger the imagination. At its Parks. In a few spots the trail a Chinook Indian word meaning There are 26.3 miles of the Wonder feet begin the ice masses of the Car reaches rocky country, snowfields, "deer." land Trail in this section of the park. -
Mount Rainier National Park, Washington
MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK \ //c^^^ Mount Rainier NATIONAL PARK WASHINGTON Medical Service 18 OPEN ALL YEAR Gasoline Service 18 What To Wear 18 Contents Trails 18 "The Mountain" 6 Fishing 20 Wealth of Gorgeous Flowers 8 Mount Rainier Summit Climb 20 The Forests 10 Accommodations and Expenses .... 21 How To Reach the Park 12 Ohanapecosh Hot Springs 23 Administration 14 Horseback Trips and Guide Service ... 24 Free Public Campgrounds 15 Transportation 24 Post Offices 18 Principal Points of Interest 26 Communication and Express Service ... 18 References 30 Events OF HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE I792 May 8. Capt. George Vancouver, of the Royal British Navy, first white 1899 March 2. Mount Rainier National Park established by act of Congress. man to record sight of "The Mountain"; named it Mount Rainier in honor of his friend Admiral Peter Rainier. I909 Regular (horse-drawn) stage service was started between Ashford and Longmire. I°33 September 2. Dr. William Eraser Tolmie entered northwest corner of what is now the park. First white man to penetrate this region. 1911 October 8. President Taft visited the park. I057 July 16- Lt. A. V. Kautz, of the United States Army, and four companions I9I3 Government surveyors of the United States Geological Survey established made first attempt to scale Mount Rainier but did not reach summit. the elevation of Mount Rainier as 14,408 feet above sea level. 1870 August 17. Hazard Stevens and P. B. Van Trump, of Olympia, Wash., 1 made the first successful ascent of Mount Rainier via Gibraltar route. J93 March 24. Mather Memorial Parkway established. -
Tahoma News Summer 2019 | July 1 - September 2
MountMount Rainier Rainier National National Park | Official Park Newspaper The Tahoma News Summer 2019 | July 1 - September 2 Preserving Paradise Maintaining historic buildings in one of the snowiest places on Earth is a mountain of a job! Welcome... ... to Mount Rainier National Park, a crown jewel of the Pacific Northwest and of the National Park System! We are proud to announce that the Paradise Inn Annex rehabilitation is Paradise has long been a destination for people Paradise Inn opened for business in 1917, complete and this National Historic attracted to Mount Rainier. In 1886, early providing an alternative to the rugged tent camps Landmark along with the rest of the Inn entrepreneurs began providing visitor services that existed at the time. The Paradise Inn consists is once again serving park visitors this at Paradise, including a coffee shop and a tent of two structures, the Inn and the Annex, which summer. We celebrate the efforts of all camp. The need for visitor facilities has grown are connected by the snowbridge. The Annex was involved in the specialized work required and changed over the years. With Mount Rainier constructed in 1920 and provides 79 guest rooms, to rehabilitate this important part of our established in 1899, an influx of campers and over half of all the overnight lodging in the park. heritage. sightseers sought out its highcountry meadows. Early visitors overwhelmingly chose to make Much of Paradise’s 1920s village-like development The renovation of the Paradise Inn Paradise either their destination or base of has changed throughout the years. Even so, in 1990, represents the kind of major investments operations. -
Mount Rainier National Park
MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK • WASHINGTON • UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HAROLD L. ICKES, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ARNO B. CAMMERER, Director MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK WASHINGTON OPEN ALL YEAR UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1934 IMPORTANT EVENTS IN RAINIER'S HISTORY 1792. May 8. The first white man to see " The Mountain " (Capt. George Vancouver, of the Royal English Navy) sighted the great peak and named it Mount Rainier. 1833. August. Dr. William Fraser Tolmie of Nisqually House, a Hudson's Bay post, entered the northwest corner of what is now the park. He was the first white man CONTENTS to penetrate this region. PAGE 1857. July. Lieut. A. V. Krautz, of the United States Army garrison at Fort Steilacoom, VAST SIZE OF MOUNTAIN 1 and four companions made the first attempt to scale Mount Rainier. Lieutenant ITS LOFTY HEIGHT 2 Krautz, however, did not reach the topmost point as he was compelled to turn back at about 12,000 feet elevation due to the lateness of the hour. A GLACIAL OCTOPUS 4 1870. August 17. Hazard Stevens and P. B. Van Trump, of Olympia, Wash., made the WEALTH OF GORGEOUS FLOWERS 5 first successful ascent of Mount Rainier (via the Gibraltar route). THE FORESTS 8 1870. October. Samuel Franklin Emmons and Dr. A. D. Wilson, of the United States How TO REACH THE PARK 11 Geological Survey reached the summit via the Emmons route. This was the BY AUTOMOBILE 11 second successful ascent. 1883. August. Messrs. P. B. -
MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK Q
;;:4 L' L*I ! THE GEOLOGY 0F MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK q BY HOWARD A. COOMBS 4 II UNIVERSiTY OF WASHINGTON PUBLICATION S IN GEOLOGY Vol.3.No.2, pp. 131-212 July, 1936 THE GEOLOGY OF MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK BY HOWARD A. COOMBS PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 1936 CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 141 Location 141 Routes of Approach 141 Field Work 142 Acknowledgments 143 History 143 Review of Literature 144 Topography 145 Drainage 146 Climate 147 Fauna and Flora 148 Geology 149 Distribution and Relative Ages of the Rocks 149 The Puget Group 149 Keechelus Andesitic Series 150 Mineral Mountain Andesite Porphyry 152 Sheepskull Gap Tufts 154 Sourdough Mountain Breccias 155 Chinook Pass Diorite Porphyry 157 Longmire Acid Breccias 157 Starbo Altered Tufts 160 Cayuse Pass Acid Hornfels 161 Mowich Rypersthene Basalt 163 Summary 165 Relations and Age 165 Snoqualmie Granodiorite 167 Areal Extent 167 Petrography 168 Relations and Age 170 The Mount Rainier Volcanics 172 Composition 174 Microscopical Petrography 175 Plagioclase 175 Hypersthene 180 Monoclinic Hypersthene 184 Augite 184 Olivine 185 Hornblende 185 Holohyaline Groundmass 187 Hypo- and Holocrystalline Groundmass 187 Miscellaneous Features of the Groundmass 188 (135) CONTENTSContinued PAGE Physiography and Geomorphology 191 Introduction 191 The Cascades 191 Previous Literature 191 Pre-Rainier Topography 195 Pre-Rainier River Pattern 196 Pre-Rainier Structure 198 Conclusions 200 Summary 201 The Cone of Mount Rainier 202 The Summit Area 202 Glacial Erosion 204 Cleavers 204 Wedges 204 Intergiaciers 206 Asymmetrical Topography as a Result of Selective Glaciation. 207 Bibliography 211 Appendix A. Geologic Map of Mount Rainier National Park 212 ILLUSTRATIONS FIG. -
MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK L/Lsajjiswujjarns
MOUNT RAINIER NATIONAL PARK l/lsajJiswujJArns UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Mount Rainier [WASHINGTON] National Park United States Department of the Interior Harold L. Ickes, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Arno B. Cammerer, Director UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1937 RULES AND REGULATIONS • Briefed • Events OF HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE REGULATIONS are designed not only to protect the natural beauties of the park but to aid visitors in the full enjoyment of this scenic area. You are requested to assist the park administration by respecting both the simple rules and the rights of others. The following synopsis is for your guidance; 1792 May 8. Capt. George Vancouver of the Royal British Navy, first white man to record sight of "The Mountain", complete rules and regulations may be seen at the superintendent's office named it Mount Rainier in honor of his friend Admiral at Longmire or at all ranger stations. Park rangers are here to help and Peter Rainier. advise you as well as to enforce the regulations. Consult them freely. 1833 September 2. Dr. William Fraser Tolmie of Nisqually House, a Hudson's Bay post, entered the northwest corner Fires.—Build fires only in designated places; always extinguish COMPLETELY before leav of what is now the park. He was the first white man to penetrate this region. ing camp. Do not guess your fire is out—KNOW IT. DO not throw burning tobacco or matches along the sides of roads or trails. 1857 July 16. Lt. A. V. Kautz of the United States Army gar rison at Fort Stcilacoom, and four companions, made the Keep park clean.—Keep your camp clean.