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Integrating People in Conservation Planning

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Integrating People in Conservation Planning Integrating people in conservation planning An integrated assessment of the biodiversity, livelihood and economic implications of the proposed special management zones in the Stung Treng Ramsar Site, Cambodia David Allen, William Darwall, Mark Dubois, Kong Kim Sreng, Alvin Lopez, Anna McIvor, Oliver Springate-Baginski, and Thuon Try IUCN Cambodia Country Office i Integrating people in conservation planning An integrated assessment of the biodiversity, livelihood and economic implications of the proposed special management zones in the Stung Treng Ramsar Site, Cambodia David Allen, William Darwall, Mark Dubois, Kong Kim Sreng, Alvin Lopez, Anna McIvor, Oliver Springate-Baginski, and Thuon Try IUCN Species Programme This document was produced under the project “Strengthening Pro-Poor Wetland Conservation Using Integrated Biodiversity and Livelihood Assessment”, carried out with financial support from the Darwin Initiative of the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or DEFRA. Published by: IUCN - the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Copyright: © 2008 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Citation: Allen, D., Darwall, W. Dubois, M., Kimsreng, K., Lopez, A., McIvor, A., Springate- Baginski, O., and Try, T., 2008. Integrating people into conservation planning: An integrated assessment of the biodiversity, livelihood and economic implications of the proposed special management zones in the Stung Treng Ramsar Site, Cambodia. IUCN Cambodia Country Office, Phnom Penh. Cover Photo: © IUCN/Kong Kim Sreng. Produced by: Overseas Development Group (University of East Anglia) and IUCN. Available from: IUCN Cambodia Country Office #19 Street 312 Tonle Basac, Chamca Mon P.O. Box: 1504 Phnom Penh Cambodia Tel: + 855 (023) 222 311 Fax: + 855 (023) 222 312 Email: [email protected] Freshwater Biodiversity Unit IUCN Species Programme 219c Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 ODL United Kingdom Email: [email protected] Contents Annexes ..................................................................................................................................................v Maps .......................................................................................................................................................v Plates ......................................................................................................................................................v Tables ....................................................................................................................................................vi Figures ...................................................................................................................................................vi Boxes ....................................................................................................................................................vii IUCN Red List Categories used throughout this report ....................................................................... viii Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... viii Local terms.............................................................................................................................................ix Terms used in this Study .......................................................................................................................ix Authorship...............................................................................................................................................x Acknowledgements................................................................................................................................xi KEY MESSAGES....................................................................................................................................XII SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................XIII PART I: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY ............................................................................................. 1 1 INTRODUCTION: STRENGTHENING PRO-POOR WETLAND CONSERVATION USING INTEGRATED BIODIVERSITY, LIVELIHOOD AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT................................. 1 1.1 The project .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Aims of this study........................................................................................................................ 1 2 SETTING THE SCENE: THE STUNG TRENG RAMSAR SITE ....................................................... 3 2.1 Location and conservation designation of the Stung Treng Ramsar Site................................... 3 2.2 Natural environment.................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Hydrological characteristics and related management issues.................................................... 6 2.4 Human environment and livelihoods........................................................................................... 7 2.5 Environmental governance ....................................................................................................... 15 2.6 The Stung Treng Ramsar Site management planning process................................................ 18 3 ASSESSMENT METHOD................................................................................................................ 23 3.1 The principles of integrated wetland assessment..................................................................... 23 3.2 Defining the management objective.......................................................................................... 24 3.3 Survey methods ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.4 Implementation of the field assessment.................................................................................... 29 3.5 Data management..................................................................................................................... 30 PART II: OVERVIEW OF FINDINGS...................................................................................................... 31 4 OVERVIEW OF BIODIVERSITY FINDINGS ................................................................................... 31 5 OVERVIEW OF LIVELIHOOD FINDINGS....................................................................................... 34 5.1 Site 1: Koh Khorndin Village ..................................................................................................... 35 5.2 Site 2: Koh Sneng Village ......................................................................................................... 38 5.3 Site 3: Veun Sean village.......................................................................................................... 41 5.4 Site 4: Koh Langor village ......................................................................................................... 45 5.5 Fishery governance in Stung Treng.......................................................................................... 47 5.6 Wildlife trade ............................................................................................................................. 51 5.7 Summary................................................................................................................................... 52 6 OVERVIEW OF ECONOMIC VALUATION FINDINGS................................................................... 53 6.1 Wealth, income and wetlands values in livelihoods.................................................................. 53 6.2 Wetland values – how much? ................................................................................................... 55 6.3 Summary................................................................................................................................... 56 PART III: INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF ZONING PROPOSALS .................................................. 57 7 UPPER ISLAND PROPOSED CONSERVATION ZONE................................................................ 57 7.1 Background and Introduction .................................................................................................... 57 iii 7.2 Key Habitat features.................................................................................................................. 57 7.3 Biodiversity features and key species accounts ....................................................................... 58 7.4 Biodiversity resource use patterns and issues ......................................................................... 67 7.5 Issues and concerns ................................................................................................................. 68 7.6 Fish trade and market dynamics............................................................................................... 72 7.7 General conclusion and recommendations regarding zoning................................................... 74 8 PROPOSED PREAH SAKHON CORE ZONE ...............................................................................
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