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Paulo+Samir+Tanure .Pdf UNIVERSIDADE DO VALE DO RIO DOS SINOS - UNISINOS UNIDADE ACADÊMICA DE EDUCAÇÃO CONTINUADA CURSO DE ESPECIALIZAÇÃO EM ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS: CONTEXTOS DE APRENDIZAGEM E TECNOLOGIAS PAULO SAMIR TANURE A ADAPTAÇÃO DE UM TEXTO LITERÁRIO E O ROLE-PLAYING GAME: Uma proposta de letramento São Leopoldo 2016 Paulo Samir Tanure A ADAPTAÇÃO DE UM TEXTO LITERÁRIO E O ROLE-PLAYING GAME: Uma proposta de letramento Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso de Especialização apresentado à Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS) como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Especialista em Ensino de Línguas Estrangeiras. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Claudio Vescia Zanini São Leopoldo 2016 AGRADECIMENTOS A minha querida esposa, Aline Graziela de Lima Pinto, pelo apoio e incentivo em tudo o que faço, pela ajuda com a escrita e pelas extraordinárias ideias compartilhadas durante toda a especialização. Ao meu orientador, professor Dr. Claudio Vescia Zanini, profissional extremamente dedicado, que esteve presente em todo o processo, contribuindo para a construção dessa proposta e, também, dividindo seu conhecimento comigo. Aos meus pais, que mesmo sem entenderem o motivo de um trabalho demorar tanto para ficar pronto, foram compreensivos nos momentos que me ausentei. Aos meus alunos, pelas opiniões sinceras que só adolescentes conseguem ter. Por fim, aos amigos que devotam o seu tempo a esse hobby fantástico e, também, por jogarem comigo pelos últimos vinte e quatro anos. “Where is the Life we have lost in living? Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge? Where is the knowledge we have lost in information?” (T.S. ELIOT,1934) RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivo trazer uma proposta de letramento para os anos finais do ensino fundamental, adaptando um texto literário para ser utilizado como um jogo de RPG, bem como entender o que é o RPG e como ele pode ser considerado uma forma de gamificação. Para isso, o trabalho apresenta conceitos sobre a relação do RPG com a gamificação e, ainda, a sua relação com o hipertexto. O estudo traz, ainda, as ideias de Prensky (2001) sobre o conceito de Nativos Digitais e como a organização escolar atual pode não estar preparada para ensinar os alunos inseridos nesse novo contexto tecnológico. A proposta buscou trazer o texto em Língua Adicional (LA) mais perto aos chamados nativos digitais, com o objetivo de resgatar o interesse dos alunos pela leitura em LA, seja por meio do livro em papel ou, por meio de canais virtuais, se estiverem disponíveis. Na proposta, foi utilizada a história do livro Cycle of the Werewolf, de Stephen King, cujo texto foi adaptado para o formato de livro-jogo de RPG. Através dessa proposta, que será executada em grupo, entende-se que os alunos terão a oportunidade de interagir em um atividade que poderá proporcionar um uso prático da LA, bem como propiciar um ambiente colaborativo de co-construção de conhecimento. Sabe-se que o professor deve levar em conta o contexto da sala de aula e suas particularidades. Mesmo assim, o professor terá a possibilidade de aprimorar a proposta, adaptando, não somente o texto, mas também os fatores que cercam e que influenciam a sua sala de aula. Palavras-chave: RPG. Ensino de LA. Gamificação. Colaboração. Co-construção de Conhecimento. ABSTRACT This study aimed to bring a proposal of literacy for the final years of elementary school, adapting a literary text to be used as an RPG game, understand what the RPG is, and how it can be considered a form of gamification. For this, the work presents concepts of RPG's relationship with gamification and also its relationship with the hypertext. The study also brings the ideas of Prensky (2001) on the concept of Digital Natives and as the current school organization may not be ready to teach students inserted in this new technological context. The proposal sought to bring the text in Additional Language (AL) closer to the so-called digital natives, in order to rescue the students' interest in reading in AL, either through the book on paper or through virtual channels, if available. In the proposal, we used the story of the book Cycle of the Werewolf, by Stephen King, whose text has been adapted to the format of RPG-book game. Through this proposal, which will be performed in a group, it is understood that the students will have the opportunity to interact in an activity that can provide a practical use of AL, as well as provide a collaborative environment for co-construction of knowledge. It is known that the teacher should take into account the classroom context and its particularities. Even so, the teacher will be able to improve the proposal, adapting not only the text, but also the factors surrounding and influencing their classroom. Key-words: RPG. AL teaching. Gamification. Collaboration. Co-construction of knowledge. LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1: Exemplo de livro-jogo ................................................................................ 16 Figura 2: Introdução ................................................................................................. 23 Figura 3: Parte 1 ....................................................................................................... 24 Figura 4: Parte 2 ....................................................................................................... 24 Figura 5: Parte 5 ....................................................................................................... 25 SUMÁRIO 1 INTRODUÇÃO ......................................................................................................... 8 1.1 OBJETIVO ........................................................................................................ 10 1.1.1 Objetivos Específicos .................................................................................... 11 1.2 JUSTIFICATIVA .................................................................................................. 11 2 O QUE É ROLE-PLAYING GAME? ...................................................................... 12 2.1 MECÂNICA ......................................................................................................... 14 2.2 OS OBJETIVOS .................................................................................................. 14 2.3 AVENTURA-SOLO .............................................................................................. 15 2.3.1 Como funcionam ............................................................................................ 15 2.4 O RPG E O HIPERTEXTO .................................................................................. 17 2.5 O RPG E A GAMIFICAÇÃO ................................................................................ 18 3 JOGOS NA SALA DE AULA ................................................................................. 19 3.1 ESTILOS DE PENSAMENTO ............................................................................. 20 4 PROPOSTA DE LETRAMENTO ........................................................................... 22 4.1 MATERIAIS E RECURSOS UTILIZADOS .......................................................... 27 4.2 ORGANIZAÇÃO E INSTRUÇÕES PARA A ATIVIDADE .................................... 27 4.3 FECHAMENTO DA ATIVIDADE ......................................................................... 28 5 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS ................................................................................... 31 APÊNDICE A - ADAPTAÇÃO .................................................................................. 35 ANEXO A - STEPHEN KING "CYCLE OF THE WEREWOLF" ............................... 39 8 1 INTRODUÇÃO O ensino de língua adicional nas escolas públicas tem se mostrado um desafio para professores, tanto pelas dificuldades de aprendizado como pela falta de interesse dos alunos. Isso porque não percebem oportunidades de uso imediato para a língua adicional. Diante disso, muitos professores têm desenvolvido, cada vez mais, estratégias e ferramentas metodológicas que possam resgatar o interesse dos alunos para esse assunto. Uma das maiores dificuldades do professor é a de trazer a literatura em língua estrangeira para a sala de aula. Os textos originais tendem a assustar e a frustrar o aluno, pois tendem a ser longos em sua maioria, e apresentam maior nível de complexidade em sua linguagem. De acordo com a pesquisa intitulada Retratos da Leitura no Brasil de 2016, do Instituto Pró-livro 1, o número de leitores tem aumentado gradativamente desde 2007, quando a pesquisa foi realizada pela primeira vez. No entanto, percebe-se que a cultura de leitura no Brasil ainda é frágil, pois, de acordo com a mesma pesquisa, o número de leitores no ensino fundamental diminuiu dois pontos percentuais desde 2011, sendo considerados leitores, pela pesquisa, aqueles que leram, pelo menos, um livro nos três meses anteriores à pesquisa. O número de pessoas que buscam atividades alternativas à leitura também aumentou, sendo o maior foco, o uso da internet. A facilidade de busca de informações que as tecnologias proporcionam acaba desenvolvendo um senso de imediatismo aos que já nascem inseridos nesse novo contexto tecnológico. Como o acesso e a prática de acesso a essas novas tecnologias aumentou, entende-se que seria mais coerente apresentar uma proposta visando esse nicho. No entanto, sabe-se que nem todas as escolas possuem estrutura tecnológica para o uso de todos os alunos, por isso, esse trabalho propõe resgatar o interesse dos alunos pela leitura em LA, seja por meio do livro em papel ou, por meio de canais
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