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Salacas Ieleja” Posma “Mazsalaca - Staicele” Ziemeļvidzemes biosfēras rezervāta dabas parka “Salacas ieleja” posma “Mazsalaca - Staicele” DABAS AIZSARDZĪBAS PLĀNS Limbažu rajons Staiceles pilsētas ar lauku teritoriju pašvaldība Valmieras rajons Ramatas, Skaņkalnes un Mazsalacas pilsētas ar lauku teritoriju pašvaldības Plāns izstrādāts laika periodam no 2005. gada līdz 2019. gadam. Izstrādātājs: Biedrība “Baltijas Vides forums” Projekta vadītāja: Anda Ruskule Projekta finansētāji: Vācijas Federālā vides aizsardzības un kodoldrošības ministrija Latvijas Vides aizsardzības fonds RĪGA 2005 DABAS AIZSARDZĪBAS PLĀNA IZSTRĀDES GRUPA Plāna izstrādē iesaistītie eksperti: Anda Ruskule, ģeogrāfija, ainavekoloģija Māra Āboliņa, sociālekonomiskā ģeogrāfija Alla Kudiņa, sociālekonomiskā ģeogrāfija, izmaksu aprēķini Jānis Birzaks, ihtioloģija Valda Baroniņa, botānika Sandra Ikauniece, mežu ekoloģija Otars Opermanis, ornitoloģija Dimitrijs Telnovs, entomoloģija Jānis Ozoliņš, terioloģija Ieva Lībeka, abinieki, rāpuļi Una Krutova, kartogrāfija Plāna izstrādē piesaistītie Ziemeļvidzemes biosfēras rezervāta speciālisti: Andris Urtāns, hidrobioloģija Aldis Liepiņš, mežu ekoloģija Valērijs Seilis, tūrisms Plāna izstrādes uzraudzības grupa: 1. Gundega Freimane, Sugu un biotopu daļas vadītāja vietniece, Dabas aizsardzības pārvalde 2. Gunta Dalka, tūrisma projektu vadītāja, Staiceles pilsētas ar lauku teritoriju dome 3. Valdis Kampus, direktors, Skaņā kalna parka administrācija 4. Gunārs Zunda, priekšsēdētājs, Skaņkalnes pagasta padome 5. Ingūna Liepiņa, priekšsēdētāja, Ramatas pagasta padome 6. Valērijs Seilis, direktors, Ziemeļvidzemes biosfēras rezervāts 7. Maiga Pikšena, virsmežzine, Valsts meža dienesta Limbažu virsmežniecība 8. Kārlis Rusmanis, Staiceles iecirkņa vadītājs, VAS “Latvijas valsts meži”, Rietumvidzemes mežsaimniecība 9. Ainārs Loks, Mazsalacas iecirkņa vadītājs, VAS “Latvijas valsts meži”, Rietumvidzemes mežsaimniecība 10. Baiba Bišofa, inspektore, Valsts vides dienesta Valmieras reģionālā vides pārvalde 11. Māris Gulbis, inspektors, Valsts vides dienesta Valmieras reģionālā vides pārvalde 12. Tija Vaserberga, zemes īpašniece, saimniecība “Vīķi” 13. Kaspars Beriņš, inženieris vides jautājumos, Valsts meža dienesta Valmieras virsmežniecība © Biedrība “Baltijas Vides forums”, Rīga, 2005 Peldu iela 26/28, Rīga, LV-1050, Latvija Tel.: +371 7357555; Fakss: +371 7507071 http://www.bef.lv Vāka foto: A. Ruskule 2 SATURS IEVADS.......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 KOPSAVILKUMS........................................................................................................................................................ 7 1. APRAKSTS ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1. TERITORIJAS JURIDISKĀS SAISTĪBAS .................................................................................................................... 9 1.1.1. Latvijas likumdošana .................................................................................................................................. 9 1.1.2. Starptautiskās saistības un Eiropas Savienības noteiktās saistības.......................................................... 11 1.1.3. Īpašuma tiesības ....................................................................................................................................... 13 1.2. VISPĀRĒJA INFORMĀCIJA PAR TERITORIJU......................................................................................................... 13 1.2.1. Atrašanās vieta, ģeogrāfiskās koordinātes ............................................................................................... 13 1.2.2. Esošais zonējums ...................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2.3. Apsaimniekošanas infrastruktūra ............................................................................................................. 14 1.2.4. Aizsardzības un apsaimniekošanas īsa vēsture......................................................................................... 17 1.2.5. Kultūrvēsturiskais raksturojums ............................................................................................................... 17 1.2.6. Kartogrāfiskais materiāls ......................................................................................................................... 18 1.3. TERITORIJAS FIZISKI - ĢEOGRĀFISKAIS RAKSTUROJUMS .................................................................................... 18 1.3.1. Klimats...................................................................................................................................................... 18 1.3.2. Ģeoloģija, ģeomorfoloģija........................................................................................................................ 19 1.3.3. Hidroloģija ............................................................................................................................................... 19 1.3.4. Augsnes..................................................................................................................................................... 20 1.3.5. Ainavas ...................................................................................................................................................... 20 1.3.5.1. Ainavu ekoloģiskās struktūras raksturojums .......................................................................................... 20 1.3.5.2. Ainavas vizuāli estētiskais raksturojums................................................................................................. 22 1.4. TERITORIJAS BIOLOĢISKAIS RAKSTUROJUMS..................................................................................................... 23 1.4.1. Flora ......................................................................................................................................................... 23 1.4.2. Fauna........................................................................................................................................................ 27 1.4.2.1. Putni........................................................................................................................................................ 27 1.4.2.2. Zīdītājdzīvnieki........................................................................................................................................ 28 1.4.2.3. Abinieki un rāpuļi ................................................................................................................................... 30 1.4.2.4. Bezmugurkaulnieki.................................................................................................................................. 31 1.4.2.5. Zivis ........................................................................................................................................................ 33 1.4.2.6. Citi ūdens organismi............................................................................................................................... 35 1.4.3. Sauszemes biotopi..................................................................................................................................... 36 1.4.4. Saldūdens biotopi...................................................................................................................................... 44 1.5. TERITORIJAS SOCIĀLEKONOMISKAIS RAKSTUROJUMS ........................................................................................ 45 1.5.1. Demogrāfiskā analīze (iedzīvotāji, nodarbinātība) .................................................................................. 45 1.5.2. Teritorijas izmantošanas veidi.................................................................................................................. 46 1.5.2.1. Tūrisms un atpūta .................................................................................................................................. 46 1.5.2.2. Lauksaimniecība .................................................................................................................................... 46 1.5.2.3. Mežsaimniecība ...................................................................................................................................... 47 1.5.2.4. Zivsaimniecība....................................................................................................................................... 47 1.5.2.5. Medības.................................................................................................................................................. 48 1.6. IZMANTOTĀS LITERATŪRAS SARAKSTS............................................................................................................... 49 2. TERITORIJAS NOVĒRTĒJUMS ........................................................................................................................ 51 2.1. TERITORIJA KĀ VIENOTA DABAS AIZSARDZĪBAS VĒRTĪBA UN TO IETEKMĒJOŠIE FAKTORI................................... 51 2.2. BIOTOPI KĀ DABAS AIZSARDZĪBAS VĒRTĪBA, TO SOCIĀLEKONOMISKĀ VĒRTĪBA UN TOS IETEKMĒJOŠIE FAKTORI52 2.2.1. Saldūdeņi ..................................................................................................................................................
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