DOCSLIB.ORG

Black Sea Investment Facility

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Black Sea Investment Facility The European Union's Tacis programme Black Sea Investment Facility Solid Household Waste Management of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea Pre-Feasibility Report March 2006 GKW CONSULT INGENIEURBÜRO FUR WASSER - ABWASSER - ABFALLTECHNIK GMBH This project is funded by A project implemented by the European Union Thalès EC - Sogreah - GKW Consult Black Sea Investment Facility REPORT: Pre-Feasibility / Solid Household Waste Management of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea Consortium Thalès EC – GKW Consult - Sogreah Page 2 of 231 Documents management Title Pre-Feasibility: Solid Household Waste Management of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea Code 060713 Report EIB Crimea 3E.doc Date Redaction 13/07/06 Index of Revision 3 Authors Philippe FICHAUX Hans-Peter LAMMERICH Benoît RIFFAUD Warning This programme is implemented by the Consortium Thalès EC – GKW Consult - Sogreah. The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. The concept The main environmental question of the region is: How to reduce the stream of pollution in the Black Sea? There are 6 countries bordering the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, and Turkey. Three of them are candidates to the adhesion to European Union; three of them are eligible to the Tacis Programme. The candidate countries and the new member states with the help of the European Union, particularly in the framework of programmes of co-operation in the Danube's catchment, do a lot of efforts. But these efforts should stay insufficient without the same efforts in the NIS. The European Union estimated it should be useful to push these projects and their financing and launched the BSIF Programme. The Black Sea Investment Facility provides studies in aim to facilitate the funding of projects allowing a reduction of the pollution of the Black Sea by the International Financing Institutions. The target groups Beneficiary Countries The beneficiary countries of this investment facility are the three CIS countries bordering the Black Sea (Georgia, Russia and Ukraine), plus Moldova which is also connected to the Black Sea via its river basins. IFIs: International Financing Institutions IFIs involved in the BSIF programme: World Bank – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD – European Bank for Reconstruction and Development BSTDB – Black Sea Trade and Development Bank EIB - European Investment Bank Organisations of the co-operation already existing BSC Black Sea Commission BSEP Black Sea Environmental Programme DABLAS (Danube & Black Sea) Task Force JEP (Joint Environment Programme) (TACIS) 2001 Regional Environment Programme (EBRD) Bangkok Facility (EC & EBRD) MISP (Municipal Investment Support Programme) GEF Strategic Partnership on the Danube/Black Sea Basin BSERP Black Sea Ecosystem Recovery Project Bilateral Donors Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USA Black Sea Investment Facility REPORT: Pre-Feasibility / Solid Household Waste Management of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea Consortium Thalès EC – GKW Consult - Sogreah Page 3 of 231 Table of contents Summary and expert's comments 12 1. Context 13 1.1. Terms of reference of the study 13 1.2. Previous works 14 1.3. Principles of the study 16 2. Problem analysis 18 2.1.1. Relevant Project Context 18 2.1.2. Present state of the SHWM 18 2.1.3. Impact on environment and health 18 3. Sector frame conditions and development of the waste management sector 20 3.1. General framework 20 3.1.1. Demography 20 3.1.1.1. Population 20 3.1.1.2. Urbanisation 23 3.1.1.3. Nationalities 24 3.1.2. Geography and equipment 25 3.1.2.1. Crimea 25 3.1.2.2. Sevastopol 26 3.1.2.3. Transports 26 3.1.3. Economy 29 3.1.3.1. Presentation 29 3.1.3.2. Export 31 3.1.3.3. Industry 32 3.1.3.4. Agriculture Production 34 3.1.3.5. Construction 36 3.1.3.6. Recreational and tourist complex 36 3.1.3.7. Trade and service 40 3.1.3.8. Transport and communication 40 3.1.3.9. Science, Research, Education, Healthcare 41 3.2. Legal framework of waste management 42 3.2.1. Policy of the State 42 3.2.2. Strategic planning 44 3.2.3. Institutional framework of waste management 44 3.2.3.1. Competence of local state administrations and self-government bodies 44 3.2.3.2. Competence of specially authorized bodies of executive power as regards waste treatment 45 3.2.3.3. State Company (SC) “UkrEkoKomResurcy” 45 3.2.4. Entities involved in waste treatment 46 3.3. Permitting procedure for the waste disposal facilities 46 3.3.1. Situation 46 3.3.2. Order of Keeping of the Waste Disposal Sites Register 47 3.3.3. Current Methods Used While Producing WDS Passports in ARC 48 3.3.4. Main Weak Points of the Produced Passports 49 3.3.5. Regional Environmental Monitoring 50 3.3.5.1. Committee of Environment and Natural Resources of the ARC (ResKomPrirod Crimea) 50 3.3.5.2. Regional Hydro-meteorological Centre 50 3.3.5.3. Regional Geological Company “KrimGeology” 50 3.3.5.4. Regional Sanitary and Epidemiological Station 50 3.3.5.5. Regional National Design and Technological Centre for Protection of Soil Fertility 51 3.3.5.6. Regional National Station of Plants Protection in the ARC 51 3.3.5.7. National Forestry Association 51 3.3.5.8. Crimean Hydro-Geological and Land-reclamation Service 51 3.3.5.9. Department of Water Resources 51 3.3.5.10. Institute of Land Management 51 3.3.5.11. Regional Department of Land Resources 51 3.3.5.12. Department of Housing and Public Utility Services 52 3.3.5.13. Water utilities of the populated areas 52 Black Sea Investment Facility REPORT: Pre-Feasibility / Solid Household Waste Management of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea Consortium Thalès EC – GKW Consult - Sogreah Page 4 of 231 3.3.5.14. Company of Water Supply 52 3.3.6. Registry of Information to Assess Danger Presented by SHW Landfills 52 3.4. Analysis of on-going regional programmes in the field of household waste management 52 3.4.1. Resolution of the Supreme Council of the ARC on waste management for the year 2003- 2007 52 3.4.2. General plan of sanitary cleaning of South Coast of Autonomous Republic of Crimea from Solid Domestic Waste 53 3.4.3. Decision of the permanent commission of the Council of Ministers of the Republic dated September 2005 53 3.4.4. Minutes of meeting on August 18th 2005 on tendering procedures hosted by the Council of Ministers of The Autonomous Republic of Crimea 54 3.4.5. Crimean regional strategy of solid domestic waste management dated January 10th 2006 54 3.4.6. Decision of the Council of Ministers dated February 24, 2006, N° 85 55 3.4.7. Comments to the administrative or political decisions brought to our knowledge 56 3.4.8. General comment on the project logic 57 3.5. Global action programme or Regional Strategic SHW Management Plan 58 3.6. Long-term political objectives 58 3.6.1. To reduce the risks while controlling the costs 58 3.6.2. To control the quantity of waste to be disposed 58 3.6.3. To reduce the quantity of ultimate waste 58 3.6.4. To encourage the intercity co-operation 59 3.7. Strategic objectives 59 3.7.1. Awareness of the importance of waste problems 59 3.7.2. 100% waste collection services paid by inhabitants in 2011 59 3.7.3. 100% of household waste collected in 2011 59 3.7.4. 100% of ultimate waste in sanitary landfills in 2016 60 3.7.5. Development of recycling capacities 60 3.7.6. Experimentations of alternative management 61 3.7.7. General assessments and forecasts 61 3.8. Action Programme concerning the production, the collection and the disposal 66 3.8.1. Action priorities 66 3.8.2. Programme 2007 66 3.8.2.1. To implement the toolboxes 66 3.8.2.2. Waste collection 66 3.8.2.3. Evolution of the fees 66 3.8.2.4. Recycling 66 3.8.3. Programme 2008 67 3.8.3.1. First sanitary landfill 67 3.8.3.2. Collection 67 3.8.3.3. Evolution of the fees 67 3.8.3.4. Recycling 67 3.8.4. Programme 2009 67 3.8.4.1. Second sanitary landfill 67 3.8.4.2. Collection 67 3.8.4.3. Evolution of the fees 67 3.8.4.4. Recycling 67 3.8.5. Programme 2010 68 3.8.5.1. Third sanitary landfill 68 3.8.5.2. Collection 68 3.8.5.3. Evolution of the fees 68 3.8.5.4. Recycling 68 3.8.6. Programme 2011 68 3.8.6.1. Fourth sanitary landfill 68 3.8.6.2. Collection 68 3.8.6.3. Evolution of the fees 68 3.8.6.4. Recycling 68 4. Project targets, project measures and target groups 69 4.1. Targeted public 69 4.2. Education, information, sensitisation 69 4.2.1. Training of waste workers 69 Black Sea Investment Facility REPORT: Pre-Feasibility / Solid Household Waste Management of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea Consortium Thalès EC – GKW Consult - Sogreah Page 5 of 231 4.2.2. Training of teachers of primary school and teachers of natural sciences 69 4.2.3. Exemplary actions, events 69 4.2.4. General public 69 4.2.5. Elected, administrative executives and local officials 70 4.3. Improvement of the data 70 4.3.1. Need for Data for Solid Household Waste Management 70 4.3.2.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bank of Russia Holds a Week of Financial Literacy in the Crimea | Bank of Russia
    12 Neglinnaya Street, Moscow, 107016 Russia 8 800 300-30-00 www.cbr.ru News Bank of Russia holds a Week of Financial Literacy in the Crimea 17 November 2015 News The Bank of Russia held a Week of Financial Literacy in the Crimea attended by over 4,000 people, who had got the opportunity to address questions to Bank of Russia representatives and experts invited. Thirty-nine experts from the Bank of Russia, Association of Russian Banks, Association of Regional Banks of Russia, National Payments Council, and Deposit Insurance Agency delivered lectures in Simferopol, Sevastopol, Yalta, Kerch, Feodosia, Koktebel, Yevpatoria, Alushta, Saki district, Gurzuf, Shchelkino, Lenino, and other settlements of the Crimea. Trainings staged at 77 grounds were attended by schoolchildren, students, employees of enterprises and organisations, and also pensioners, for whom such trainings were organised for the first time. The Bank of Russia has been holding weeks of financial literacy in the Crimea Federal District starting 2014. The primary goal of lectures, lessons, meetings, and expert consultations is to provide population of the new Russian region with the required knowledge of the financial system of the Russian Federation and respective legislation, help determine demands and preferences to make rational financial decisions. This time the topical issues were specifics of Russian consumer loan agreement, main types of compulsory insurance, foreign exchange control, and financial monitoring. Bank of Russia lecturers prepared a special game for middle and senior pupils ‘Draw up Personal Financial Plan’ and also offered them to imagine themselves as a bank or an insurance company and tell their classmates about their activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Academia Militar
    ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 EPÍGRAFE “Submeter o inimigo sem combater é a excelência suprema.” Sun Tzu i DEDICATÓRIA À minha família. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Esta dissertação representa o culminar dos anos de trabalho, cujo produto não vem só do esforço individual, mas também do apoio de muitos outros, cuja menção é necessária para lhes dar o merecido mérito. Quero começar por agradecer à Academia Militar, instituição que me acolheu, sem a qual não estaria onde estou. Ao Curso Tenente General Bernardim Freire de Andrade, o meu curso de entrada, por todos os momentos partilhados, no “conhaque” e no “trabalho”, desde o início até ao fim da viagem. Ao curso Tenente General de Artilharia e Engenheiro Mor Luís Serrão Pimentel, por me ter acolhido a meio caminho e nunca me ter desenquadrado. Em ambos tenho amigos, sem os quais os longos anos tinham sido ainda mais longos. Ao meu diretor de curso, o Tenente-Coronel de Cavalaria Baltazar, pela dedicação, empenho e paciência na transmissão dos ensinamentos e pela integração no espírito da arma. Ao meu orientador, Professor Catedrático António Telo, cujos conhecimentos e orientação permitiram o desenvolvimento deste trabalho.
    [Show full text]
  • Palace Tours − Luxury Tours Collection the Crimean Express (Northbound) the Crimean Express (Northbound)
    Palace Tours − Luxury Tours Collection The Crimean Express (Northbound) The Crimean Express (Northbound) Embark on the brand−new Crimean Express journey from Kiev, which debuts in 2010! Spend two days in Kiev, one of Europe's oldest cities, before traveling by air to Yalta, where you will stay for two nights and enjoy visits to such places as Massandra Palace and the famous fairy−tale castle, the "Swallow's Nest." Travel on board the Golden Eagle private train for seven nights as you head north−west from Balaklava through Moldova, through Lviv, and Belarus' capital of Minsk. This fascinating tour continues as you are taken to several important destinations such as the Catherine Palace in Pushkin near St. Petersburg and the Red Square in Moscow, where your epic journey comes to an end. ITINERARY • Day 1 − Welcome to Ukraine Arrive at Simferopol Airport, where you are met and transferred to the luxury Hotel Oreanda in Yalta for a three−night stay. • Day 2 − Enjoy a full day of Yalta sightseeing Today there is a guided tour of Yalta including Chekhov's House and the Botanical Gardens, followed by lunch at the Swallow's Nest, a fairy−tale castle breathtakingly perched high above the sea. This restaurant is a world famous location and many world leaders have eaten here. In the afternoon we take a scenic cruise along the picturesque coastline before visiting the Massandra Palace and Imperial Winery, touring the cellars (they have bottles dating back to 1775 and many bottles from the Tsars personal collection). • Day 3 − Adventure in Yalta This morning we visit Alupka Palace which was built for Count Mikhail Vorontsov, former special envoy to the United Kingdom and friend of the Marlborough Family.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Auctions
    Dear friends, Today the autonomy has good prospects for investments, a priority region for the economic development of our country. It may and must turn from a subsidized region into a profitable one. This is our key target. Our Crimean strategy of social and economic renewal and development is based on it. No doubt that the Crimea will become a pearl of Ukraine, will be able to successfully implement the whole resort and tourist, agricultural, transport, industrial and certainly land potential. This and other similar publications of the Crimean government popularize the issues of improving business climate in the autonomy, activating investment activities in the region and transparent sales of land in the Crimea. For us holding open auctions is not merely the establishment of clear and understandable rules for doing investing business but also direct replenishment of the republican budget. At the same time this transparent method of selling land will put an end to the illegal schemes of enriching and will enable to use the land – a most valuable Crimean resource – for the benefit of the budget and all the Crimean citizens. I am convinced that this catalogue will become a reference book for a domestic and foreign investor and businessman. Chairman of Council of Ministers of Autonomous Republic of Crimea V.Djarty 22,0 HA LOCATION: BAKHCHISARAI REGION The land plot is situated out of borders of the settlements of Verkhorechie village council, in the area of the village of Verkhorechie 1 LAND PLOT DESCRIPTION Designation: the distance of
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Mammal Conservation from Local to Global
    MARINE MAMMAL CONSERVATION FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL 29TH CONFERENCE OF THE EUROPEAN CETACEAN SOCIETY 23rd to 25th March, 2015 Intercontinental Hotel, St Julian’s Bay, MALTA USEFUL INFORMATION VENUE – INTERCONTIMENTAL MALTA HOTEL, ST JULIANS Conference Hall, Cettina De Cesare (CDC), is in hotel. Paranga Beach Club is on the water edge in St George’s Bay. 29th ECS Conference, Malta i USEFUL INFORMATION CONTACT NUMBERS Direct Dialling Code for Malta: +356 International Code (to make an overseas call): 00 Emergency number: 112 Police: 21 22 40 01 … 21 22 40 07 Mater-Dei Hospital (Malta): 25 45 00 00 Malta International Airport (General Inquiries): 21 24 96 00 Malta International Airport (Flight Information): 52 30 20 00 (each call: € 1.00) Passport Office: 21 22 22 86 WEBSITES Malta International Airport (note one ‘a’ between Malta and Airport!) Malta’s weather www.maltairport.com/weather Arrivals www.maltairport.com/arrivals Departures www.maltairport.com/departures Activities in Malta www.visitmalta.com 29th ECS Conference, Malta ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS HOSTED BY The Biological Conservation Research Foundation (BICREF) The NGO BICREF was set-up in 1998 to promote conservation research and awareness in Malta. For this purpose it welcomes Internships in Malta; the next call starts immediately after the ECS conference 2015 and to last till the end of summer 2015. Options for taking up courses or training in marine conservation biology, cetacean and fisheries research are also possible. Dr. Adriana Vella, Ph.D (Cantab.), founder of BICREF, is a conservation biologist with experience in mammal and marine conservation research at local and regional level.
    [Show full text]
  • CRIMEA'stourism POTENTIAL A. Korneychuk National University
    CRIMEA’STOURISM POTENTIAL A. Korneychuk National University of Food Technology Annually, about 5 million people visit Crimea either to have holidays or get medical treatment. Crimean Peninsula is located in the southernmost part of Ukraine and is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. The Peninsula is joined with the mainland by narrow Perekop Isthmus. Both seas form climate of Crimea.Healthy climate is the main treasure of this peninsula region. Recreation potential of Crimea is really unique. This Potential includes, first of all, natural health and recreation resources. The main factors are subtropical climate and evergreen plants of the Crimean Southern Coast, as well as salty lakes with great resources of therapeutically healthy silt peloids, various hill therapeutic muds, bentonite clays and mineral waters of Western and Eastern Crimea. Today development of sanatorium and resort activity in Autonomous Republic of Crimea is of utmost priority. There are 13 resort regions in Crimea, 750 sanatoriums, resorts, and hotels, and over 2000 minor hotels as well. Some 400 travel objects are open all the year round, while other 400 are open only during seasons. More than 170 landscape objects and landmarks, various relief and natural peculiarities make development of different tourism kinds a very good perspective. There are a total of more than 12 horse riding bases and camps. Six state reserves, 29 game reserves, out of which 16 are of state importance, 87 natural landmarks, 13 of which are of state importance, as well as 10 reserve landmarks constitute natural reserve fund of the Autonomous Republic. Crimea's most famous resort town is Yalta, which became a prestigious vacation destination in 19th century Tsarist Russia after the first road was built from Simferopol.
    [Show full text]
  • Urgently for Publication (Procurement Procedures) Annoucements Of
    Bulletin No�4 (183) January 28, 2014 Urgently for publication Annoucements of conducting (procurement procedures) procurement procedures 001143 000833 Luhansk National Agrarian University SOE “Prydniprovska Railway” 91008 Luhansk, Luhansk National Agrarian University 108 Karla Marksa Ave., 49600 Dnipropetrovsk Yevsiukova Liudmyla Semenivna, Bublyk Maryna Borysivna Ivanchak Serhii Volodymyrovych tel.: (095) 532–41–16; tel.: (056) 793–05–28; tel./fax: (0642) 96–77–64; tel./fax: (056) 793–00–41 e–mail: [email protected] Website of the Authorized agency which contains information on procurement: Website of the Authorized agency which contains information on procurement: www.tender.me.gov.ua www.tender.me.gov.ua Website which contains additional information on procurement: www. tender. uz.gov.ua Website which contains additional information on procurement: www.lnau.lg.ua Procurement subject: code 33.17.1 – repair and maintenance of other Procurement subject: code 06.20.1 – natural gas, liquefied or in a gaseous vehicles and equipment (services in modernization of machine ВПР–02 state (gas exclusively for production of heat energy which is consumed with conducting major repair) – 1 unit by budget institutions and organizations), 1327,0 thousand m3 Supply/execution: on the territory of the winner of the bids; during 10 months from Supply/execution: at the customer’s address; till 31.12.2014 the moment of signing the act of delivery of track machine to modernization with Procurement procedure: procurement from the sole participant repair, but
    [Show full text]
  • Sculptor Nina Slobodinskaya (1898-1984)
    1 de 2 SCULPTOR NINA SLOBODINSKAYA (1898-1984). LIFE AND SEARCH OF CREATIVE BOUNDARIES IN THE SOVIET EPOCH Anastasia GNEZDILOVA Dipòsit legal: Gi. 2081-2016 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/334701 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ca Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència Creative Commons Reconeixement Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence TESI DOCTORAL Sculptor Nina Slobodinskaya (1898 -1984) Life and Search of Creative Boundaries in the Soviet Epoch Anastasia Gnezdilova 2015 TESI DOCTORAL Sculptor Nina Slobodinskaya (1898-1984) Life and Search of Creative Boundaries in the Soviet Epoch Anastasia Gnezdilova 2015 Programa de doctorat: Ciències humanes I de la cultura Dirigida per: Dra. Maria-Josep Balsach i Peig Memòria presentada per optar al títol de doctora per la Universitat de Girona 1 2 Acknowledgments First of all I would like to thank my scientific tutor Maria-Josep Balsach I Peig, who inspired and encouraged me to work on subject which truly interested me, but I did not dare considering to work on it, although it was most actual, despite all seeming difficulties. Her invaluable support and wise and unfailing guiadance throughthout all work periods were crucial as returned hope and belief in proper forces in moments of despair and finally to bring my study to a conclusion. My research would not be realized without constant sacrifices, enormous patience, encouragement and understanding, moral support, good advices, and faith in me of all my family: my husband Daniel, my parents Andrey and Tamara, my ount Liubov, my children Iaroslav and Maria, my parents-in-law Francesc and Maria –Antonia, and my sister-in-law Silvia.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountainous Crimea: a Frontier Zone of Ancient Civilization
    Mountainous Crimea: A Frontier Zone of Ancient Civilization Natalia G. Novičenkova Mountainous Crimea, Taurica, was a region separated from the ancient cen- ters of the peninsula and the communication lines connecting Chersonesos and the Bosporan Kingdom. This region is not particularly well studied and therefore it has been impossible to trace its development in Antiquity, and to clarify its role in the history of ancient Crimea as a whole. The geographical conditions of the Mountainous Crimea determined that the ancient population of this area dwelled almost entirely on the main moun- tain range. From a modern point of view it seems unlikely that a mountain ridge could unite a population into a single ethnic group instead of splitting it into several distinct segments. Yet our evidence from Antiquity suggests the opposite. Thus, for example, Plinius the Elder wrote that the Scytho-Taurians inhabited the range (Plin. NH 4.85). This evidence has evoked bewilderment among scholars1 because this part of Crimea has the harshest weather condi- tions and is covered with snow from November to May almost every year. The main mountain range of Crimea is formed by a chain of plateaus situ- ated at about 1,000-1,500 m above sea level. Here an ancient road system was laid out uniting all the mountain passes into a single system of communica- tion.2 The plateaus with their alpine meadows served as excellent summer pastures. They were effectively protected against any threats from outside. The Taurians, who inhabited the mountain range, were not obliged to strug- gle for the steppe’s nomad territories or to drive their cattle for hundreds of kilometers.
    [Show full text]
  • International Crimes in Crimea
    International Crimes in Crimea: An Assessment of Two and a Half Years of Russian Occupation SEPTEMBER 2016 Contents I. Introduction 6 A. Executive summary 6 B. The authors 7 C. Sources of information and methodology of documentation 7 II. Factual Background 8 A. A brief history of the Crimean Peninsula 8 B. Euromaidan 12 C. The invasion of Crimea 15 D. Two and a half years of occupation and the war in Donbas 23 III. Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court 27 IV. Contextual elements of international crimes 28 A. War crimes 28 B. Crimes against humanity 34 V. Willful killing, murder and enforced disappearances 38 A. Overview 38 B. The law 38 C. Summary of the evidence 39 D. Documented cases 41 E. Analysis 45 F. Conclusion 45 VI. Torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 46 A. Overview 46 B. The law 46 C. Summary of the evidence 47 D. Documented cases of torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 50 E. Analysis 59 F. Conclusion 59 VII. Illegal detention 60 A. Overview 60 B. The law 60 C. Summary of the evidence 62 D. Documented cases of illegal detention 66 E. Analysis 87 F. Conclusion 87 VIII. Forced displacement 88 A. Overview 88 B. The law 88 C. Summary of evidence 90 D. Analysis 93 E. Conclusion 93 IX. Crimes against public, private and cultural property 94 A. Overview 94 B. The law 94 C. Summary of evidence 96 D. Documented cases 99 E. Analysis 110 F. Conclusion 110 X. Persecution and collective punishment 111 A. Overview 111 B.
    [Show full text]
  • The Slavic Vampire Myth in Russian Literature
    From Upyr’ to Vampir: The Slavic Vampire Myth in Russian Literature Dorian Townsend Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Languages and Linguistics Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences The University of New South Wales May 2011 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Townsend First name: Dorian Other name/s: Aleksandra PhD, Russian Studies Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: School: Languages and Linguistics Faculty: Arts and Social Sciences Title: From Upyr’ to Vampir: The Slavic Vampire Myth in Russian Literature Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) The Slavic vampire myth traces back to pre-Orthodox folk belief, serving both as an explanation of death and as the physical embodiment of the tragedies exacted on the community. The symbol’s broad ability to personify tragic events created a versatile system of imagery that transcended its folkloric derivations into the realm of Russian literature, becoming a constant literary device from eighteenth century to post-Soviet fiction. The vampire’s literary usage arose during and after the reign of Catherine the Great and continued into each politically turbulent time that followed. The authors examined in this thesis, Afanasiev, Gogol, Bulgakov, and Lukyanenko, each depicted the issues and internal turmoil experienced in Russia during their respective times. By employing the common mythos of the vampire, the issues suggested within the literature are presented indirectly to the readers giving literary life to pressing societal dilemmas. The purpose of this thesis is to ascertain the vampire’s function within Russian literary societal criticism by first identifying the shifts in imagery in the selected Russian vampiric works, then examining how the shifts relate to the societal changes of the different time periods.
    [Show full text]
  • A Krím Földrajzi Nevei
    EÖTVÖS LORÁND TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM INFORMATIKAI KAR TÉRKÉPTUDOMÁNYI ÉS GEOINFORMATIKAI TANSZÉK TÉRKÉPÉSZ MESTERSZAK A Krím földrajzi nevei DIPLOMAMUNKA Készítette: Bánkúti Balázs térképész hallgató Témavezető: Faragó Imre mérnöktanár ELTE Térképtudományi és Geoinformatikai Tanszék Budapest, 2016 Ez a néhány vár - most rom, alaktalan, csupasz - Ez volt, óh, hálátlan Krím, őrződ és ékszered. Ma órjás koponyaként a hegy ormán mered, Féreg lakja s féregnél rusnyább ember-kukac. A toronyba fel! Ha ott címer után kutatsz, Felirást is találhatsz - tán épp egy hős-nevet, Tűnt hadak rémét, melyet a múlt fátyla befed, Mint begubózott hernyót szőlőlevél-kupac. Athén jeleit véste itt falba a görög, Itt verte bilincsekbe az olasz a mongolt, A Mekkából érkező itt namáz-dalt mormolt. Ma fekete keselyűk szállnak e sír fölött, S miként ott, hol egykoron gyilkos dögvész tombolt, E bástyák ormán a gyász lobogója örök. (Adam Mickiewicz: A balaklavai várromok. Radó György fordítása) - 3 - Tartalomjegyzék I. Bevezetés ........................................................................................................................................ - 5 - II. A Krím természetföldrajzi jellemzői ......................................................................................... - 7 - II. 1. Elhelyezkedése, határai ....................................................................................................... - 7 - II. 2. Tájfelosztása .........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]