Parental Monitoring of Adolescents Identifies

Jaccard, andG ilamo- mos, u “The goals of this book are to deepen under- Parental Monitoring standing of the concept and measurement of parental monitoring and to compile, review, R and extend what is known about the topic. It a of is particularly effective in identifying weak- Adolescents D i nesses in current conceptualizations and ttus methods used to study parental monitoring.” —Todd Herrenkohl, University of Washington School of Social Work Parental Monitoring C urrent Perspectives for Researchers and Practitioners The close supervision of adolescents dramatically reduces the incidence of risky sexual behavior, drug and alcohol use, and other activities that could negatively affect one’s health and well-being. Because of the strong correlation between parental monitoring and a child’s welfare, social workers, psycholo- gists, child development specialists, and other professionals who work with children now incorporate monitoring into their programs and practice. A definitive resource providing the best research and techniques for productive supervision within Vincent Guilamo-Ramos the home, this volume defines and develops the conceptual, methodological, and practical areas of James Jaccard and parental monitoring and monitoring research, locating the right balance of closeness and supervision while also remaining sensitive to ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Assembled by leading experts Patricia Dittus eds. on childrearing and healthy parent-child communication, Parental Monitoring of Adolescents identifies the conditions that best facilitate parental knowledge, ideal interventions for high-risk youth, and the of factors that either help or hinder the monitoring of an adolescent’s world. The volume also sets a course for future research, establishing a new framework that evaluates the nature and approach of monitor- A ing within the parent-adolescent relationship and the particular social realities of everyday life. d olescents Vincent Guilamo-Ramos is professor of social work at New York University and the principal investiga- tor of numerous NIH and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded research studies focused on urban minority youth and the prevention of adolescent problem behavior. James Jaccard is professor of psychology at Florida International University and a widely published expert on parent-adolescent communication. Patricia Dittus is a health scientist in the Division of Adolescent and School Health at the CDC. Her research focuses on effective parenting interventions aimed at reducing adolescent risk behaviors. c l ia o Cover image: Getty Images u m ISBN: 978-0-231-14081-2 Cover design: Julia Kushnirsky b 90000 Columbia University Press / New York 9 780231 140812 www.cup.columbia.edu Printed in the U.S.A. Parental Monitoring of Adolescents Parental Monitoring of Adolescents Current Perspectives for Researchers and Practitioners EDITED BY VINCENT GUILAMO-RAMOS JAMES JACCARD AND PATRICIA DITTUS Columbia University Press New York Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © 2010 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Parental monitoring of adolescents : current perspectives for researchers and practitioners / edited by Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, James Jaccard, and Patricia Dittus. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-231-14080-5 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-231-14081-2 (pbk. : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-231-52011-9 (ebook) 1. Parent and teenager. 2. Vigilance (Psychology) 3. Behavior disorders in adolescence—Prevention. 4. Adolescent psychology. I. Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent. II. Jaccard, James. III. Dittus, Patricia. HQ799.15.P343 2010 306.874—dc22 2010023732 Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. This book is printed on paper with recycled content. Printed in the United States of America c 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 p 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 References to Internet Web sites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor Columbia University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. To my mother, Silvia Ramos Vincent Guilamo-Ramos For Sarita and Liliana James Jaccard To my son, Aaron Lee Flores Patricia Dittus Contents Preface ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction xiii Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, James Jaccard , and Patricia Dittus Part I Contemporary Issues in Parental Monitoring 1 1. Parental Monitoring: A Critical Examination of the Research 3 Håkan Stattin , Margaret Kerr , and Lauree Tilton-Weaver 2. Developmental and Interactional Antecedents of Monitoring in Early Adolescence 39 Robert D. Laird, Matthew M. Marrero, and Jennifer K. Sherwood viii Contents 3. Impediments to Parental Monitoring in the After-School Hours: A Qualitative Analysis 67 Deborah Belle and Brenda Phillips 4. Cross-Cultural Analysis of Parental Monitoring and Adolescent Problem Behavior: Theoretical Challenges of Model Replication When East Meets West 90 Sonia Venkatraman, Thomas J. Dishion, Jeff Kiesner, and François Poulin 5. When Is Parenting Over? Examining Parental Monitoring and High-risk Alcohol Consumption in Young Adult College Students 124 Rob Turrisi, Anne E. Ray , and Caitlin Abar 6. From Research to Practice: Development and Scaling Up of ImPACT, a Parental Monitoring Intervention for African American Parents of Adolescents 147 Jennifer S. Galbraith and Bonita Stanton 7. A Three-Process System of Parental Monitoring and Supervision 176 James Jaccard, Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, Alida Bouris, and Patricia Dittus Part II Expert Perspectives on Parental Monitoring 205 List of Contributors 267 Index 271 Preface In 2004 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sponsored a two-day meeting on parental monitoring of adolescents. The CDC’s Divi- sion of Adolescent and School Health invited the leading researchers in the fi eld to meet and discuss current knowledge about parental monitoring, what we still need to learn about parental monitoring, and how what we know can best be practically applied in public health intervention ef- forts. Although public health scientists have long recognized the powerful impact parental monitoring eff orts can have on adolescent risk behavior, the public health approach to studying parental monitoring, with some ex- ceptions, has been atheoretical and unsophisticated in nature. We hoped the discussion and exchange of ideas at the meeting would help us to move the public health fi eld forward by identifying common defi nitions for parental monitoring, improving our understanding of the antecedents and outcomes associated with parental monitoring eff orts, and by developing specifi c ways to help parents become more eff ective monitors of their children and adolescents. The meeting sparked such lively discussion and brainstorming of ideas that we decided a book was needed in order to reach a broader audience. We anticipate that audience will include public health researchers and practitioners as well as other applied researchers in the fi elds of social work, x Preface psychology, and sociology. However, we also hope to reach a large non- scientifi c audience—professionals working in school settings, in commu- nity and faith-based organizations, in health care settings, and other settings in which there is frequent contact with parents and adolescents. The fi rst part of the book presents current research and theorizing about parental monitoring by some of the world’s leading experts in this area. The second part of the book is somewhat unorthodox in that it con- tains a Question and Answer section in which the volume’s contributors have each addressed a series of questions concerning research on parental monitoring. Our overall goals are to spark further discussion of parental monitoring, both in terms of research, program, and practice, and to pro- vide useful information for improving parental monitoring practices. Acknowledgments We would like to thank the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Division of Adolescent and School Health for sponsoring the parental monitoring meeting that led to the creation of this book. We also would like to thank our contributing authors, many of whom attended that two- day meeting years ago, and all of whom have been incredibly patient with us throughout the lengthy process of writing and publishing this book. Finally, we would like to thank our colleagues for providing insightful feedback on portions of the book. The fi ndings and conclusions in the book are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Introduction VINCENT GUILAMO-RAMOS, JAMES JACCARD, and PATRICIA DITTUS In recent years, interest in the role of parental monitoring has grown con- siderably. Parental monitoring traditionally has been defi ned as the acqui- sition of knowledge about the activities, whereabouts, and companions of one’s son or daughter. Understanding the causes, correlates, and consequences of parental monitoring and adolescents’ willingness to be moni- tored is of keen interest to developmental scientists and applied professionals. There is a large body of literature in the health, social, and psychological sciences on the nature, extent, antecedents, and consequences of parental monitoring during childhood, adolescence, and the transition into adult- hood. From this body of literature, we know that a lack of parental monitoring is linked

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