SAS Nagar Forest Division
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GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB, DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS & WILDLIFE PRESERVATION, PUNJAB MANAGEMENT PLAN OF PRIVATE FOREST AREAS CLOSED UNDER SECTION 4 & 5 OF PUNJAB LAND PRESERVATION ACT-1900 (2017-2018 TO 2026-2027) S. A. S. NAGAR FOREST DIVISION Prepared By: Guramanpreet Singh, PFS Divisional Forest Officer, S.A.S. Nagar Forest Division, S.A.S.Nagar. Preface This management plan is written for the area closed under section 4 and 5 of PLPA 1900 covered under S.A.S.Nagar Forest Division. In the extreme north- eastern part of the state running from North West to south east along the Himachal Pradesh border, is the hill tract of Punjab. It is called the Shivalik Hills. It extends between Ravi in the north and river Ghagghar in the south and lies between Latitude 30º 34’ to 32º 33’ N and longitude 74º 50’ to 76º 52’ E. In between Ravi and Ghagghar rivers the continuity of the Shivalik is broken by river Beas and river Satluj. The Shivaliks have a geographical spread of 9448.97 Km2 covering 2.6% of the total area of the state. It is 280 km long with width ranging from 5 km to 12 km in various parts. The tract spreads over the eastern parts of the districts of Pathankot, Hoshiarpur, Nawanshahr, Ropar and SAS Nagar. The term Shivalik was first coined by Cautley (1832). It has been spelled in literature in five different ways. These are: Sivalik (Falconer and Cautley, 1835, Medlicott, 1864); Sewalik (Caughtey, 1832, Murchison 1868); Siwalik (Lydekker 1876a, Pilgrim, 1910); Shivalik (Sahni and Khan, 1961) and Shiwalik (Chopra, 1974). According to Hindu mythology, the Shivaliks derive their name from the tresses of Lord Shiva. The term was originally used for the sedimentary sequences exposed between rivers Ganga and Yamuna near Haridwar (Uttrakhand). It was further applied to the middle Miocene to early Pleistocene foredeep sediments extending all along the south western foot of the Himalayas from Indus river (Pakistan) on the North west to the Brahmaputra on the North east. The historical record of the sedimentation preserved in the Shivalik is intimately connected with the uplits, foldings, faulting and erosion associated with collision of Indian Sub-continent plate and the Asian plate. S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 2 The Shivaliks of North West state (Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Uttar Pardesh) present a highly dissected topography created by ephemeral streams of various genetic types. Weathering and denudation have produced a variety of erosional land from features such as rills, gullies, scraps and variously shaped ridges and amphitheatrical basins. The drainage channels carry huge amount of detritus and bed load creating problems of siltation of reservoirs, deposition of sand on agricultural field and disrupting transport and communication. The Shivalik hills are characterized by tropical dry deciduous forests with abundance of thorny species. Agriculture still continues to be primarily of subsistence nature in the entire range due to lack of irrigation facilities. The shivalik have been identified as one of the eight most degraded rain-fed agro ecosystems of the country. There are acute shortages of drinking water, fodder and fuel wood, caused by deforestation, decreased vegetative cover and soil erosion. Rain fed agriculture is the prevalent production system in Shivaliks. The Punjab Shivaliks, because of their peculiar geological formations and exposure to greater biometrical treatment due to their proximity to plains represent the most fragile ecosystem of Himalayan mountainous range (Sub et al, 2000). Unlike the present working plan which is written as per National Working Plan Code there is no specific format/code available for Management Plan. It is deemed that in absence of any such code this management plan has been written on the lines of existing National Working Plan code of 2014. Divisional Forest Officer, S.A.S.Nagar S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 3 Table of Contents Para Subject Page No. no Part I BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF FACTS Chapter-I 14 1 The tract dealt with 17 1.1 Name and Situation 20 1.2 Configuration of the Ground 21 1.3 Geology, Rock and Soil 24 1.4 Climate Chapter-II Maintenance/Increase in the extent of Forest 30 2 and Tree cover 30 2.1 Area of Forests under Different Legal classes (PF,UF and others) 31 2.2 Forest area under the Management Plan 31 2.3 Land use, land-use change and forestry(LULUCF) 32 2.4 Threats to the Forests 37 2.5 Distribution of Different Forest types Chapter-III Maintenance, Conservation and Enhancement of 40 3 Biodiversity 40 3.1 Forest Composition and distribution 40 3.2 Plant species diversity 3.3 41 Status of Biodiversity conservation in Forests S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 4 42 3.4 Fauna and their habitats 43 3.5 Threats and Challenges to Wildlife 43 3.6 Protection and Management of Fauna Chapter-IV Maintenance and Enhancement of Forest Health 46 4 and Vitality 46 4.1 Status of Regeneration 48 Details of Area affected by pests/diseases/ fire/ 4.2 grazing/ weeds etc. 49 4.3 Forest Degradation and its drivers Chapter-V 5 Conservation and Maintenance of Soil and water 52 resources 5.1 Area treated under Soil and Water conservation 52 measures 5.2 Duration of Water flow in the selected seasonal 52 streams 5.3 Water level in the vicinity (up to 5km) of forest area 53 Chapter-VI 6 Optimization of forest resources utilization 55 6.1 Demand and Supply of Timber and important NTFP 55 6.2 Recorded Removal of wood/ fuel wood/ NTFP/bamboo 55 6.3 Import and Export of wood and wood products 59 6.4 Valuation of the Products 59 S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 5 Chapter-VII 7 Maintenance and Enhancement of social, 62 economic, culture and spiritual benefits 7.1 Number of JFM committees and areaprotected by 62 them 7.2 Status of Empowerment of JFMCs 66 7.3 Ecotourism Areas and Activities 67 7.4 Other Rights and Concessions 68 Chapter-VIII 8 Adequacy of policy, legal, institutional 70 framework 8.1 Existing policy and legal framework &their 70 compliance 8.2 Prohibitions applicable in areas closed u/s 4 of PLPA 71 8.3 Prohibitions applicable in areas closed u/s 5 of PLPA 72 8.4 Felling Policy 73 Chapter -IX 9 Past Systems of Management 90 90 9.1 General History of the forests 9.2 Past System of Management and their results 91 92 9.3 Special works of Improvement undertaken 94 Review of Previous Management Plan (2007-08 to 9.4 2016-17) S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 6 PART II FUTURE MANAGEMENT Chapter-X Basis of proposals 10 105 Objectives of management 105 10.1 10.2 Consultation and Expectation at Local level 106 Method of treatment to be adopted 10.3 107 Chapter-XI 113 11 Management Prescriptions 113 11.1 General characteristics of vegetation 114 11.2 Activity Specific Proposals 114 11.2.1 Silvicultural Interventions 121 11.2.2 Subsidiary silvi-cultural operations 125 11.2.3 Soil & Moisture Conservation 126 11.2.4 Associated Miscellaneous regulations 11.2.5 129 JFM & Ecotourism Promotion 134 11.2.6 Wildlife Conservation S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 7 Annexures 1 Detail of diverted Areas of PLPA, approved 136 under FCA 1980 in S.A.S.Nagar Forest Division 1A List of Private Forests Closed/delisted of 139 S.A.S.Nagar Forest Division under Punjab Land Preservation Act 1900 Section-4 & 5 3A LIST OF COMMON TREES, SHRUBS, HERBS, 140 CLIMBERS AND GRASSES FOUND IN S.A.S.NAGAR FOREST DIVISION. LIST OF WILD ANIMALS AND BIRDS FOUND IN 144 3B S.A.S.NAGAR FOREST DIVISION List of licences issued for wood based industry 150 6A in S.A.S.NAGAR Forest Division List of JFMc& FPC 159 7A Yearwise List Trainings of Income Generating 160 7B Activites in S.A.S.NAGAR Forest Division during last 10 years. Cost Estimate for various Plantation Models 162 10A,B,C Proposed Plantation Programme 177 11A 11B Detail of Nursuries 178 11C PCCF PB. Letter of approval regarding Felling 179 Programme -Letter No. 2569-75 Dated 05-05- 2017 11D Proposed Soil and Moisture Conservation 182 Works 11E Details of JFMC's Trainings Proposed during 184 current management plan period S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 8 Compendium 1 The Punjab Land Preservation Act,1900 2 Felling Policy approved by Punjab Government 3 Standing Order No. 1 Dated 29-11-1963 4 Notification No.6530-D-50/5727 Dated 20.11.1950 (regarding section 3-PLPA 1900) 5 Notification No.6530-D-50/5728 Dated 20.11.1950 (regarding section 4-PLPA 1900) 6 Notification No.3548-ft-56/2036 Dated 27-06-1956 (Notification of Section 4 of PLPA-1900) 7 Notification No 39(13)FT.III-86/23339 Dated 09.11.1987 (regarding section 4-PLPA 1900) 8 Notification No.39/118/2002/Ft-3/1486 Dated 03- 02-2003 (regarding section 4-PLPA 1900) 8 Letter Regarding Ban on Felling of Mango Trees by PCCF Pb. dated 20.09.1994 9 Hon'ble Supreme Court order dated 12.12.1996 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 202 of 1995 10 Punjab Regulation of Saw Mills, Veneer and Plywood industries Rules-2006 11 Joint Forest Management Notification by Govt of Pb. dated 18.11.2013 12 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6951 Dated 10-09-2010 13 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6087 Dated 13-08-2010 14 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6955 Dated 10-09-2010 15 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6085 Dated 13-08-2010 S.A.S.Nagar Management plan-2017-2027 9 16 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6957 Dated 10-09-2010 17 Delisting Notification No.39/11/2011-FT-3/6827 Dated 24-08-2011 18 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6953 Dated 10-09-2010 19 Delisting Notification No.39/578/05-ft-3/6089 Dated 13-08-2010 20 Forest Cover Maps of