CENSUS OF 2001

SERIES-4 PU NJAB

PROVISIONAL POPULATION TOTALS

Paper - 2 of 2001 RURAL - URBAN DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION

<:"1~Rl~ PEOPLE ORIENTED

INDER JIT SINGH, lAS Director of Census Operations,

Contents. Page

Inner Title i-ii

Contents iii-vi

Preface vii-viii

Figuresataglance ix-xxi

Figures at a Glance, India and Punjab x

Figures at a Glance: Punjab 1991-2001 xi-xii

Figure-G.l : Rural - Urban distribution of Population -India: 2001 xiii

Figute-G.2 : Rural- Urban distribution of Population - Punjab: 200 1 xiii

Table-G.! : Rural-Urban distribution of population - india and States : 200 I xiv-xv

Table-G.2 : District wise Rural-Urban distribution of population - Punjab: 2001 xvi-xvii

Map--G.l : Map of India showing location of Punjab xviii

Map-G.2 : Map of Punjab showing administrative cii'J isions xix

State Highlig.'tts xx-xxi

Chapter-I: Introduction 1-5

ClJapter-l : Rural-Urban distribution and growth of population 7-24

Chapter-3: Trends in Urbanisation 25-36

Chapter-4 : Rural-Urban break up of Sex Ratio 37-47

Chapter-5 : Rural-Urban Literacy 49-59

Clulpter-6: Urban Slums 61-64

Annexures

Annexure I : Tables 65-107

Table I : Population, Child Population in the age group 0-6 and literate 67-74 by residence and sex -State, District, UAIC ity/Town: 200! Table 2 : Population, Child Population in the age group 0-6 and 75-82 literate by residence and sex - State, District, Tahsil: 2001 Table 3 : Percentage decadal growth, percentage of child 83-84

iii Population in the age group 0-6 by residence and Percentage of urban population to total population - State and District: 2001 Table 4 : Sex Ratio of Population and Sex Ratio of child 85-88 Population in the age group 0-6, State, District, Tahsils : 2001 Table 5 : Literacy Rates by Residence and Sex State, District, 89-92 Tahsil. : 2001 Table 6: Population, Percentage decadal growth 1991-2001, Sex 93-99 Ratio, literacy by sex - UAs, Cities and Towns by Size class in the State: 2001 Appendix 1 to Table 6 : Population, Child Population in the age group 0- 100-105 6 and Literate by sex - independent cities and towns arranged in alphabetical order : 200 I Appendix 2 to Table 6 : List of towns of 1991 declassified in 2001 and towns of 106 1991 merged with other towns in 200 1 Table 7: Growth of urban population, 1991- 2001 107

Annexure - n : Release of Paper-I by the Chief,Secretary Punjab - A picture.

Ust of Tables

Table-G.l : Rural-Urban distribution of population - India and States: 200] xv

Table-G.2 : District wise Rural-Urban distribution of population - Punjab: 200 I xvi-xviii

Table I. I : List of Urban Agglomerations of 200 I Census 4

Table 1.2 : Number of statutory and Census Towns. Punjab: 1991-2001 5

Table-2.1 : Districtwise percentage distribution of rural-urban population: 2001 7

Tahle-2.2 : Comparative composition of rural-urban population: 2001 9

Table-2.3 : Ranking ofStateslUnion Territories by level of urbanization : 1991 and 2001 13

Table-2.4: Ranking of districts by percentage of urban population: 1991 and 2001 14

Table-2.5: Districts arranged in descending order of their level of urbanisation 15

Table-2.6 : Town with highest and lowest population within each category 16

Table-2.7 : Decadal growth rate of population - India: 190 1-200] 16

Table-2.8 : Decadal growth rate of population - Punjab: )901-2001 19

Table-2.9 : States with growth rate lower than Punjab: 1991-2001 20

Table-2.10 :District wise growth rate of rural-urban population - Punjab : 1991-200 1 20

Table-2.11 : Proportion of population in age 0-6 - Punjab: 2001 24

iv Tabl~3.1 : Trends in urbanisation - Punjab: 1901-2001 27

Table 3.2 : Share of Municipal Corporations in total urban population of the State: 1991 32 and 2001

Table 3.3 : New Towns added in 2001 34

Table 4.1 : States and Union Territories ranked by Sex Ratio - India: 2001 38

Table 4.2: Ranking of districts by Sex ratio - Punjab: 1991 and 2001 39

Table 4.3 : Sex Ratio of districts in Punjab: 1991 and 2001 40

Table 4.4: Rural-Urban Sex Ratio of Districts-Punjab: 1901-2001 45

Table 4.5: Town wise Sex Ratio - Punjab: 2001 41

Table 4.6 : Town wise Sex Ratio of child population in the age group 0-6- Punjab: 200 I 42

Table S.I : States and Union Territories ranked by Literacy Rate - India: 2001 50

Table S.2: Literacy Rate, Punjab: 1951-2001 51

Table 5.3: Literacy Rates by sex for States and Districts - Punjab : 1991 and 200 1 51

Table 5.4 : RM.kmg ·cf Districts by Literacy 52

Table: S.S : District wise population in the age group 0-6, Number of literates and literacy 58-59 Rate

Table ,.6: Town WIse literacy rate of total population 54

Table: 5.7: Town wise female literacy rate 55

Table 6.1 : Total population and proportion of Slum Population by TownslUAs : 2001 63

Table 6.2: Sex Ratio and Literacy Rate in Urban Areas and Slum Areas - Punjab: 2001 64

List ofJi'ig!res

Figur~G.I: Rural-urban distribution of population - India : 2001 xiii

Figur~.2: Rural-urban distribution of population - Punjab: 200 I xiii

Figur~2.1 : Distribution of rural-urban population by districts - Punjab: 2001 10

Figu~2.2 : Pen:eotage decadal growth in rural-urban population J 901-1911 to ·1991-200 1 18 - India and Punjab

Figur~2.3 : Distribution of rural-urban population, Punjab: 1901-2001 19

v Figure-J.t : Punjab: Share of Urban population and number of towns by size class: 2001 28

Figure-J.2: Punjab: Percentage of urban population by size class of towns 1971 - 2001 . 28

Figure J.3 : Distribution of Urban population by size Class of towns : 1901-2001 29

Figure 3.4: Growth of urban population by size class of towns 1981-1991 and 1991-2001 30

Figure 3.5: Decadal Growth of population of Municipal Corporations: 190]-2001 31

Figu~.l: Rural-Urban Sex Ratio, Punjab 39

Figure-4.2: Trends in Sex Ratio for Districts: 1901-2001 46

Figure-S.l : Literacy Rate by Districts, Punjab: 200 1 52

Figure-S.2: Female literacy rate by districts, Punjab: 2001 53

LilltofMa..

Map-G.l Rural-Urban distribution of population -India and States: 2001 xviii

Map-G.2 District wise Rural-Urban distribution ofpopuiation - Punjab: 2001 xix

Map-2.t : Percentage of rural-urban in total population - Punjab: 200 t . g

Map-2.2 Urban population by districts - Punjab: 2001 ] 1

Map-2.3: District wise decadal growth rate of rural population - Punjab, 1991-2001 21

Map-2.4:: District wise decadal growth rate of urban population- Punjab ; 1901-2001 23

Map 3.1 Location of TownslUrban Agglomerations by size class of population : 2001 35

Map 3.2 : Growth rate of population of Class-I Urban AgglomerationsITowns 36

Map-4.1 : Sex Ratio by Districts - Punjab: 200 I 47

•••••

vi Preface

India is one of th! very few countries in the world. which has a proud history of holding census every ten years uninterruptedly since 1872. Census of India 2001 is the 14th in this unbroken series and 6th after independence. Census is not a mere head count - it is a comprehensive source of data on socio-economic and demographic characteristics of population at all levels. Census of India is conducted as per the provisions made under Census Act, 1948, as amended. Census of India 2001 is a landmark census as we move from 20th century to 21- century and enter into a new millennium as well.

Standing to the rich tradition of Census organization of India. we had brought out Provisional Population Totals Paper-l of Punjab State immediately after the completion of Census Operations. The Paper- l gave State's population, decadal growth rate, sex ratio and literacy,'evels down to distl'iqt .in the State for use by the Administrators, Planners, Academicians and the public at large. The present Paper 2 of 200 I, which gives rural - urban .distribution of • population, is a sequal to Paper-I released earlier in March 200 I. In this Paper too, the figures given are provisional.

Having reached 6 billion in 1999, world's population continues to grow. While it took 123 years for the world population to double from I billion in 1804 to 2 billion in 1927, it took just 12 years (from 1987 to 1999) to add the most recent billion. United Nation's population projections for the year 2050 range from 7.9 billion to 10.9 billion. The unprecedented growth of world population and production combined with unsustainable consumption patterns has placed increasingly severe stress on the life supporting capabilities of our planet. India with a population of more than I billion as per its recent census results became second most populous country of the world. Rapid population growth coupled with urbanisation and rapid development combined with unsustainable consumption patterns has led to severe depletion of our natural resources and degradation of our environment. The National Population Policy of 2001 recently adopted by the Government of India states that "long term objective is to achieve stable population by 2045 at the level consistent with the requirement of sustainable economic growth, social development and envirorunental protection".

Urbanisation has become one of the most important demographic trends in growth and distribution of population, In 1950, only 29010 of the world's population lived in urban anlIlS. In 2000, the proportion was estimated to be 47% and is likely to increase to 50% in 2007 and reach 60% by 2030. The world urban population has been growing at the rate of 2.1 %, more than 3 times to that of rural population (0.7%) per year during 1995-2000. 11e emerging pattern of urbanisation all over the country generate a special interest due to its direct relevance with the needs of people with regard to their basic amenities of housing, water supply, power, transport, employment etc. All these are compounding problems whic:h relate to environment, congestion and pollution. The life in towns, especial1y the big towns, is fast moving towards crisis. city is one such example which is growing disproportionately. It is .almost as densely populated as Delhi Union Territory. All this is alarmin& and the urban mana~ment warrants serious thinking. However, it is often assumed that cities' environmental problems are made worse by the number of people and their high cOPCe!ltnltion: but infact this same concentration provides many potential opportunities. The concentration of population and enterprises in urban areas greatly reduce the unit cost of providing each building with piped water, sewers, drains,

vii roads and electricity. Moreover, cities concentrate population in ways that usually reduces the demand for larld relative to population. It is in this context that an in-depth study of the urbanisation trends become highly important.

The present Paper brings into focus the rural-urban frame, composition of rural.,urban population along with their sex composition and literacy level down to tahsil and town level in the State. It also gives classification of towns according to their population size. It is hoped that the rural-urban data along with trends in urbanisation provided in this paper will be of immense use to the planners, administrators, sociologist, demographers, research scholars, as also public at large. An attempt has been made to present the data in the simplest possible form, giving comparison at national level as well as district, tahsil and town level status position. This will be followed by Paper-3, which would contain economic characteristics before we enter into the release of regular publications based on final figures.

I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude and thanks to all those without whose help this work could not have been possible. Working with Sh. J.K. Banthia, lAS, Registrar General & Census Commissioner of India has been a great and rich experience to me in particular. I am beholden to him for his constant guidance, support and direction throughout the Census Operations as well as in the production of provisional papers.

The conducting of census is a joint venture of the Central Government and the State Government. I express my deep gratitude to His Excellency, Lt. Gen. (Retd) J.F .R. Jacob, Governor of Punjab, Sh. Parkash Singh Badal, Hon'ble Chief Minister, Punjab, Sh. N.K. Arora, lAS, Chief Secretary, Punjab for their tremendous encouragement, patronage and valuable guidance. I am also thankful to the entire State Government machinery and officers of the District Administration for their cooperation, support and help rendered in the successful completion of mammoth task of field operations in the state. .

I greatly appreciate the good work done by all the members of Punjab Census family to make this mammoth operations a big success. Team of officers and staff who were associated, directly or indirectly, with the task of this paper deserve my special thanks. In particular, names of S/Sh/Smt. Madhav Shyam, Deputy Director, Surinderjit Singh, Research Officer, Malkit Singh, Investigator, Sadhna Chhibber, Investigator, Tej Pal Singh, Sr. Geographer, Pawan Bajaj, CA, Parkash Sharma, Sr. Techincal Assistant (Printing), Mansha Ram, Statistical Investigator-III, O.K. Sharma, UDC, Bhag Singh, Daftri and Vikram Singh, Daftri deserve special mention for their untiring efforts in accomplishing the task of brining out the paper in record time.

Lastly, I am thankful to the people of Punjab who have whole-heartedly cooperated towards the successful completion of census taking iri every nook and comer of the State. ~v-l,~j . Dated: 10.07.2001 (Inder&gh, lAS) Director, Census, Punjab •••••

V11l CENSUS OF INDIA 2001

PROVISIONAL POPULATION TOTALS

Rural- Urban Distribution of Population

FIGURES AT A GLANCE

ix

Figures at a Glance: 2001 India and Punjab

India Punjab 2001 2001 Demographic Total Rural . Urban Total I Rural Urban Parameters I I I

1 1 3 4 5 6 7 8

--- Population P 1,027,015,247 741,660,293 285,354,954 24,289,296 16,043,730 8,245,566 M 531,277,078 381,141,184 150,135,894 12,963,362 . 8,500,647 4,462,715 F 495,738,169 360,519,109 135,219,060 111,325,9341: 7,543.083 3.782,851 , I i , I \ Percentage of 100.00 72.22 27.78 100.00 66.05 33.95 Rural-Urban Population

Decennial Growth 21.34 17.97 31.13 19.76 12.28 37.58 Rate 1991-2001 (Percentage)

I I,

Sex Ratio 933 946 961 874 887 848 (Females per 1000 males) I

P-Persons, M-Males, F-Females

x i Figures at a Glance i Punjab 1991 and 2001

i Punjab Punjab I 1991 2001 : Demographic Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban

I Parameters i I I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 i : Population P 20,281,969 14,288,744 5,993,225 24,289,296 16,043,730 8,245,566 M 10,778,034 7,569,423 3,208,611 12,963,362 8,500,647 4,462,715 i , F 9,503,935 6,719,321 2,784,614 11,325,934 7,543,083 1 3,782,851 i

I Percentage of I 100.00 I 70.45 29.55 100.00 66.05 f-- 33.95 Rural-Urban i • Population

· Decennial 20.81 17.69 28.95 19.76 12.28 37.58 : Growth Rate 1991-2001 · (Percentage) Sex Ratio 882 888 868 874 887 848 , (Females per

I 1000 males) Literacy Rate P 58.51 52.77 72.08 69.95 65.16 79.13 M 65.66 60.71 77.26 75.63 71.70 82.97

I F 50.41 43.85 66.12 63.55 57.91 74.63 I I Percentage of P 16.30 16.47 15.89 12.58 13.08 11.61 child M 16.36 16.55 15.91 13.15 13.75 12.00 · population in F 16.23 16.38 I 15.88 11.93 12.32 11.16 age-group 0-6 Sex Ratio of 875 878 866 793 795 789 child population I (Age Group 0- I 6) . I I I I

P-Persons, M-Males, F-Females

xi Figures at a Glance Punjab 1991 and 2001

Punjab Punjab 1991 2001

Area (SQ. kms.) 50,362 50,362

I Divisions 3 4

Districts 12 17

Tahsils 46 72

Towns: 120 157/

If--- I (i) StatutO_!l'_ 112 139 ~ (ii)Noa-Statutory (ee.. Towns) 8 18

. 1'-- - - V.llages 12,795 12,729

Pancbayats 10,953 12,369

Towns by size class of population

Class I (100,000 +) 10 14

Class II (50,000-99,999) 18 19

Class III (20,000-49,999) 25 35

Class IV (10,000-19,999) 46 54

Class V (5,000-9,999) 14 28

Class VI (Below 5,000) 7 7

- Figure G.t

INDIA Rural and Urban Population: 2001

'". , . ,, " , Rural': , ,':" '72..22% '

Figure G.2

PUNJAB Rural and Urban Population: 2001

", Ru.... , -0'1181 " ", .WV• .. ~"" ., Table G-1

Rural-Uban distribution of population - India and States! Union Territories : 2001

Statel UT IndlllStates/Unlon Territories· TotallRu Pi!rcentage of Code raUUrba Urban Population 2001 n Population

Persons Males Females 3 4 5 6 7 . \ "TR .••••••••• 1.C»2~;Q1$,2"1 531.217,018 4&5,738,169 'i.',5&C),;9~ ~1.141 ,184 360,519,109 / U 285;3$4;&54 150.135,894 135,219,060 T 10,069,917 5,300,574 4,769,343 24.88 R 7,564 ,608 3,925,846 3,638.762 U 2,505,309 1,374,728 1,130,581 > T ·· ·· . ...• 6,{in,248 3,085,256 2,001,992 . R .' 5, ~,~7 2,7S4,;2S1 2,~8,116 . u ... 594,001 ~1 , 005 263,876 T 24,289,296 12,963,362 11,325,934 33.95 R 16,043,730 8,500,647 7,543,083 U 8,245,566 4,462,715 3,782,851 T .....•.. 900,914 508;224 392,690 89.78 R . . . •.•••... '. 92J 18 56,837 35,281 U ...... 008,796 451,387 357,409 T 8,479,562 4,316,401 4,163,161 R 6,309,317 3,1 43,380 3.165.937 007 ??4 u .. -~ , T. 21 ,082,989 11,327,658. 9.755,331 R 14,96a.850 8,01 7,622 6,951,228 . U 6,114:139 3,310,036 2,804,103 T 13,782,976 7,570 ,890 6,212,086 R 963,215 533,219 429,996 U 12,819,761 7,037,671 5,782.090 T 56,.473,122 29,381,667 27,091.465 .'. R < 43.267,676 :2;Z,394;479 20,873. i99 U 13,205,444 6,987, 178 6,218,266 T 166,052,859 87.466,301 78,586,558 20.78 R 131,540,230 69,096,765 62.443.465 U 34,512,629 18,369,536 16,143,093 '.' T 82,878,796 .. 43,153,964 39,724,832 lOA7 '. R 74.199;sge .. 38,510,686 35,600,910 '> >U 8,679,200 4,643,278 4,035,922 T 540,493 288 ,217 252.276 11 .10 R 480,488 255,386 225, 102 U 60,005 32,831 27,174 •.•• r . 1,W1 ;117 573,951 517,166 20.41 > R 668,429 453,560 414,869 u . 222;688 120,391 102,2S7 T 1,988,636 1,041,686 946.950 17.74 R 1,635,815 846.651 789,164 U 352,821 195,035 157,786 .' T 2,3P;3 ,AA4. < 1,207,338 1,181,296 23.88 R ~,<11 e ; ~4 923.428 894,796 .1.1 57(,41U 283 ,910 286,500 T 891,,)58 459,783 431,275 49.50 R 450,(,18 233,718 216,3QO U ..... 1,040 226,065 214,375 ..•. r > 3,191,168 1,636,138 1,555,030 1'702 R 2,648;074 1.359,2ea 1,2&. ;·S~ U 543.004 276 ,850 T 2,306,069 1,167,840 1,138, 2291 19.63 R 1.853.457 939,803 913,654 ....._ ___...... ______~ __ .l__ ~" . : ,.<,:- -J.______J

XIV .. >: T: > :> >: : 26~636.407 12,650,608 12.72 .> :R > > 23,24t!.994 :: 11 ,265 ~ 837 : :» u ...:: : 3,38$.41~ 1,584.771 T 80.221.171 38.733,477 28 .03 R 57,734.690 28.128,662 U 22,486.481 10.604,815 13;048,151 22.25 k< ~~:: 10,262;301 u. : .. ::: 5.8:$9 2,785,850 T 36.706,920 18,094,580 14.97 R 31.210.602 15,498,749 U 5.496,318 2,595,831 .' ...... < t ::·: > 20795 10,343,530 20.08 :':';':':":':':':';':' :: :: : ::::::: A::::;:: : ::: :~:~ ::~: ,~:820 : ~ 8,329.6« ... ' .. .. ' .... . :<:::: U::::::: :- ',' :--:<:: ~(tt5;329 2,013.886 T 80,385,118 28,928,245 26.67 R 44,282,528 21 ,307,272 U 16,102.590 7,620,973 >t ':: .. :: ...... : SO,59EI;992 . 24,252.939 37.35 : R ::: : .: ., : > 31~69:7 ; 6t5 15,408,192 : : u : .. .. : ..... > f8~89St3n 8,844,747 T 158.059 65,581 36 .26 R 100,740 37,164 U 57,319 28,417 > T .... ' ':.:':.:>: ': 22.0,451 98,720 22.89 R : < .' t8$.9$5 .' 78,108 ::: U:>· ' .. : 50.456 20.612 T 96,752.247 46,417,977 42.40 R 55,732.513 27.289.27 5 U 41,019.734 19,128,702 > r .' : > > 75;727;541 37,440.730 27.08 27,371,165 R :.': ::.:. :55"20" .. ...· •• .. 7. . :::: ': U : ·.~""'''''''''.~ '.· ~.· 10,068,965 T 52.733.958 25,877,615 33.98 R 34.814.100 17,195,507 U 17.919.858 8,682,108 T > < 1.3,43,gge , .. :: .' >. 658,381 49.77 >:< R :: . > : :: $75129 '.:::.'. > 335.503 >U . >: :: esa:ees :" .'.>< > >322.878 T 80.595 29,477 44.47 R 33.647 16,451 U 26,948 13,026 : T :: 3r.e38,619 16,369.955 25.97 R :.::: :> :~'-!71;4$4 > 12;120, U :':: ... ':: >8.2&7;135 :: 4,249,256 T 62,110.839 30,842.185 43 .86 R 34.869.286 17,360.301 U 27,241,553 13,481,884 : : > T: .:: . : :: :973;829 :::: . 4$7,124 66.57 R .. . 162,010 u< .e48,233 :> . 325.114 T 356,265 163,280 32.67 R 239.858 111,021 116.407 52,259

IWlI I nunIlOPU ent ac c district, MonIi, Mlllya-Miyln. Ind Wink..,.,. t.... kl of R~koI district, Jodiyl t.... k. of Jamnlg. district of Gujl.. t Itlte end estill.. llad totallnd rural populatiOn of entiAt KinnlUr district of Himlldlal Prad.sh where populatiOn enumeration of census of India 2001 could not be conducted due to nllural calamKiel. 2. The figures of total, rurallnd urben poputMion of Himlldlal Pradeshltate h_ bean errive

District wise Rural-Urban distribution of Population - Punjab: 2001

District State/District Totall Population 2001 Percentage Code Rurall of urban Urban Persons Males Females population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 T 2096889 1110406 986483 25.46 R 1,563,069 824630 738439 U 533820 285776 248044 )/\m:~/<) ~~ : :...... >:: :: «::::::::«< :::\ ::. :)jt) · :::: » j~$~t :. » > 6ai~a~ ::::;> :: ~~ 3 T 752287 398878 353409 32.59 R 507148 265889 241259 U 245139 132989 112150 >: >4'- ..': ~~~har '.' ::::::: ., : : {:t -: ., : : » jSS3S0$ .: .. :: ::to3i1~O : $1~t~: . 47.;45 :-:-: :-:-:-:-:.-:.: •. :-:-::< :.:...... :>:':: ~f : ::: .<::<:< 1026535 <:> <:}>539033 : ... . >487:5().i: :::: :••• -: ...... : : :-. -: .:- :.:-:-:-:-:-:-:.: .« «<« lj.:·<:':': »>S2$91.$ :;:: »> 4SS1.01. • .. :428266 :. .. :: ...... ,' ...... •...... •.• " .....•.. .. , ... "...... ' , ...... 5 T 1478045 763753 714292 19.66 R 1187401 609798 57'7603 U 290644 153955 136689 ':-. -: ':::6::: >::: ~$"$h$hr: :.:.'.: ...... : .. :r. :: ". :' .< .... '6B66a1 :" :. <:< .. 3®.~~ }> .:.: . .. 2.B:O:O~1 . • :'i3:aQ <::' ::::::: ::::>:<:::: >:>: >::::::::::::<:::::-<::) ::::>:it::;:, -:::: .... ::.: 505692 :::::: -:·:·:< ~~2~ «« :24t4~: ::: ,.: :. : :. «««...... «.:...... :-:- :- :- :':'.:'.:.:.':.':'.:'.:'.' :.::>::.\.-::'>.' :.:::.: . ...::: .: :. :~.: ::.. :.:.::.. :.. :.'::.: 8."',0.' ."'94,' . ', :5,' ',' :" ::::: .:- 4~~2 >:::,::::> ~ :,::. · ~ .' . :. ' ., , , , 7 T 1110000 593638 _ 516362 32 .46 R 749662 401092 348570 U 360338 192546 167792 :... ~/: e :::::?: ~;~7: : ~':~ib ::· <: ::: ~ ::::::: : ':::::::::: ::::: ~~:j:; / :: :: /:<~a~:~~ : :>: t;l~ :: :: 2&..06 .•••• •• •• .. :::.:. <::::':'.: »» :... :, ·.: .. :: :.::, j.t:> ,',' ... jS~~9 : .. .. , ... : 8215~ :: •~'4: ...... >.. >• ." 9 Ludhiana T 3030352 1661329 1369023 55.80 R 1339566 713695 625871 U 1690786 947634 743152

xvi >T :.. : ... <: 886313 41:0112 .. 4156:01 ...... - .. ... -.. <. " R >:: . 7Qe~B~ ... 375a~ :. 33279& ...... -- .. . -_ ...... -, ...... l) .... <.>: . 1),16~1 .. . : $4$2$ ..• ...... ·82003. . T 1744753 926380 818373 25.81 R 1294354 683877 610477 U 450399 242503 207896

...... >1 i.i:616~ 4117:~1 :« *g~1 « $:$2>< ...... : <.. <:< .. < Jt :: 300458 ::::: :::: .... 272049 > : ~ .:.:.:.: .:.:. :.: :: ~1~507 ...... •...... " ...... <.:< .: .:.:-: :::::>U::.. ::: >::::::: t9$:1:9$ .. . < :tO$2()~ •.• :...... "' 9~.a2 ...... : ...... T 552466 293637 258829 33.89 R 365224 194666 170558 U 187242 98971 88271 - . . . . . - . . '...... - ...... , . .. ::: T:»:>:: : :: tret23e :::: <:63324$ .•• .• • 547~ .• ::::. 2~fle .. .. ::444126 <.. < aass:21 ··...... :: ::::: ~ : ::: .. :.: ..::< ~~I~ :U .. <169l23 .... : 1~~ :) · _<> :: 15 Mansa T 688630 367197 321433 20.68 R 546248 291380 254868 U 142382 75817 66565 <: T : > <1:9$$4$4 j07:093$ ... >926:42~ :< < 29;26 : : • •R •. :: <::. <141*4 ..... :1$6222 ...... : 657422 .:::: :: .:.: ..... :... :...... >. :tJ :> : :: : : ~~S26...... j13~ :11 .: .:: ~7HX)~ 17 T 1839056 986466 852590 34.98 R 1195723 642060 553663 U 643333 344406 298927

xvii CENSUS OF INDIA 2001 PROVISIONAL POPULATION lFf MAP- G1

INDIA POSITION OF PUNJAB IN INDIA 2001

Bounda!y, lnlemational ___ aou_ry, Stale! url ___

31° KILOMETRES 100 ~o 0 100 200 300 400 500

N

~ GUJARAT ~y I _It« "­ DAMAN AND .DI'J ... ORISSA

MAHARASHTRA DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI SA Y OF BENGAL ARABIAN SEA

I Coco la. (Burma) ~ . _ Nartondam I. (Ir.dia) '; ,~ ;,. ~ B'rren, I. (Indi.) :z: ~

-::..,. · O~"'".,. ANDAMAN SEA () () "1-/ "0<9 '-.. 0'\ """P_ . ..~Q en'; P • PONDICHERRY Indira Point ~ V> N D A N c E A N

72 0 Easl of Greenwich 1IIl' Based upon Survey of India 'map with the permission of the Surveyor General of India. (c) Government of India Copyright,2COl . The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance oftwelve nautical miles measures from the arnrnpri':l tp h ':l cP lin po

In terpreted from the North Eastern Areas (Reorgani sation) Act. 1'1 11 out ha , e yel lO De VC1 "'''''.

XVIII _ .G2

PUNJAB KILOMETRES 10 5 10 20 30 40 ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS t I I I I ! 2001

-

R

Tahsil Head:tuarters of I and Jalandhar II are at Jallindhar TahSil Headquarters of Amntsat I and AnYttsar Ii are 31 Amntsar Tahsil HeadQuartEn of ludhl8na ( Eel{ ) and t..udtIIan. (West) are at l udhlana

Pock.! for Kapurthala . .. K Pocket for Patiala P i L._v_'_'_'_' _' _u '_ ' _u'_'_' ______"'_ i _T_h_e_A_d_m_'_n'_sl_ra_I_'v_e_H_e.;_ad_q.:_a_rt_e_rs_~_f_C_h_a_nd.;_i9",a::_r,-h_H_:a::_ry,-,a::_n:.::a_:a:_n.:d_P_:u:_n",Jac::b_:a:_re::..::.a,.;_c:_h..:a:...n.:d'.3e9 _:artl;______J1 L Based upon Survey of India map with the permission of the SU(\Ieyor General of India © Gowmmont of Ind'a copyroghl. 2001

XIX STATE HIGHLIGHTS

• The percentage of urban population in Punjab has increased from 12.39% in 1901 to 21.72% in 1951 and further to 29.55% in 1991 and 33.95% in 2001.

• Although, growth rate of population in Punjab during 1991-2001 was 19.76 percent Punjab's urban population grew by 37.58 percent during this period as against 12.28 percent growth rate for the rural population. The growth rate of rural population came down from 17.69 percent during 1981-91 to 12.28 per cent during 1991 -2001.

• Ludhiana with 55 .80 percent of its population living in urban areas is the most urbanized district in the State. with only 13.80 percent of its population living in urban areas is the least urbanued district in the State.

• With the addition of , the number of million plus cities in Punjab has risen from one in 1991 to two in 200 I.

• 13.97% of the urban population (4.74% of total population) in the State is residing in slums.

• The average population of a town in Punjab is 52520. .. • Out of 72 tahsils (Sub-Divisions) in the state, two tahsils, viz., Ohar Kalan in and Khadoor Sahib in Amritsar distric! have no urban population.

• World population crossed 6 billion (600 crores) mark during 1999.

• The population oflndia crossed 1 billion (100 crore) mark during 2000.

• China and India are the only two countries in the world with a billion plus population

• India may become the most populous counrry of the world in 2036.

• Tokyo is the largest Urban Agglomeration in the world, with 26.4 million residents in 2000 (more than the entire population of Punjab), 8.3 million more than the world's second largest Urban Agglomf1ation, Mexico City (18.1 millio •. ).

I Source . I. CtO.lSU, ,,' Ind,a 1'1'1 , iiJIJ 2 ')l) I. 2. United Natluns i 'J'Jis R':V ISIUII ul Lhe World t'upulduun LSllmates and l'wJectwllS. 3. United Nations Commission Population and Development's Working paper containin:- resuits of' 9Q9 revision of World Urbanisation PrOSp-lCts

xx • There were 19 Urban Agglomerations with more than 10 million (I crore or 100 lakh) inhabitants in 2000, out of which 3 (Mumbai, Kolkata and Delhi) were in India.

• In 1950, only 29% of the world population lived in urban areas. In 2000, the proporti('n was estimated to be 47% and is likely to increase to 50% in 2007 and reach 60% by 2030.

• The world urban population has been growing at a rate of 2.1 % per year, more than three times that of the rural popu1-tion (0.7% per year) during 1995-2000.

*****

xxi CHAPTER-I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 India is one of the very few countries in the world, which h1s a proud history of holding census every ten years uninterruptedly since 1872. Census of India 200 I is the 14th in this unbroken series and 6th after independence. Census is not a mere head count - it is a comprehensive source of data on socio-economic and demographic characteristics of population at all levels. Census of India is conducted as per the provisions made under Census Act, 1948, as amended. Cwsus of India 2001 is a landmark census as we move from 20th century to 21 st century and enter into a new millennium as well.

This publication is a sequel to Paper-l of 2001 which gave a snap shot of the State's population classified by sex, growth rate, sex ratio, literacy and density of population recorded as on 00.00 hours of 1st March, 200 I. The present paper, viz. Paper-2 again gives provisional account of population and has been specifically designed to throw light on various demographic characteristics of population classified into rural-urban components. Moreover, categorisation of cities/towns into various size classes has also been given.

1.2 The Rural-Urban Frame

As a pre-requisite of Census Operations, it is essential to have tabulation plans formulated with a view to make the availability of basic data at the micro level to the Data users, Planners, Administrators and others. For this purpose, village in rural areas and ward of a town in urban areas are the lowest units for which census figures are compiled.

The planning for the 2001 census started in 1998. The first and the foremost task was the updating of jurisdictional frame by taking into account all the changes affected by the Punjab Government after the 1991 census. This was followed by precise demarcation of rural-urban frame. "Village" in case of the rural area and "ward" in urban area is the smallest unit over which the super structure of census stands. The village in tahsil and ward in town are formulated into enumeration blocks. The identity of administrative units is not disturbed. All those villages having small population or even with zero population (as per previous census) are formulated into separate enumeration blocks (EBs). While framing EBs, care is taken to ensure that these do n0t cut across Panchayat and C.D. block boundaries. This will facilitate generation of Panchayat and C.D. block wise data also later on. An additional feature of 2001 census is the demarcation of slum enumeration blocks in all towns which had a population of atleast 50,000 as per the 1991 census and it is believed that the data generated would be of great interest and use in formulating plans for the upliftment of slum dwellers.

It has been customary for the Indian Census to present data for rural and urban areas separately. The concepts for treating areas as village and town were also in vogue earlier and recognized as the unit areas where people lived. In other countries of the world rural and urban areas are treated as distinct units and the data presented separately for these two segments. The . ... L ~ J been usual to present census data by rural and urban components so that a far deeper insight could be gained into emerging trends in the changing demographic patterns of social, economic and cultural aspects of the people inhabiting the two segments of an administrative division/sub­ division. For this purpose, rural and urb~n areas are precisely demarcated. In the first instance, it would be desirable to go into the aWiptations followed in declaring an area as rural or urban.

1.3 DefinitiOQ!!.

(i) Villaige

The 'village' has been taken as the basic unit for the purpose of data tabulation. A revenue village is a cadaitrally surveyed area having definite boundaries and could consist of one or more hamlets. However, in case of unsurveyed forest areas boundaries of the villages are determined by the State Forest Agencies.

A century ~go, the wrm 'village' was used itt most parts of India to denote the unit of administration of ,the land revenue and this also included congregation of the inhabitants on a fixed site, with occasionally some outlying hamlets. 'Towns' included every municipal area or any other place brougbt UDder ~milat regulations for exercising pvlice or sanitary 'bandobast'. Normally their proportion of trading and industrial population to the total population was either equal to or exceeded that of the agricultural population. These were contiguous groups of houses inhabited by not less than 5,000 peopl~. For instance, the definition of a village in the 192 1 Censu~ of the then Punjab WM identical with that of an Estate under Section 3(i) of the Punjab Land Revenue Ac;t. The definition of village used in census is identical with that of an 'Estate'. Under the Pu.njab Land Revenue Act 'Estate' means an area: ·

(a) for which a separate record of rights exists; (b) which has been separately assessed to land revenue or would have been so assessed, if the land revenue had not been released, compounded or redeemed; or (c) which the State Government, by general rule or special orders, declare to be ari Estate.

As per jurisdictional frame of2001 Census there are 12,729 villages in the State.

(ii) Panchayat.

., Panchayat (GramIVilIage Panchayat) is the lowest unit of local self-governmellt ;,1 rural areas. After the Constitutional 73rd amendment, the Panchayats got a constitutional status as units of local self-government. There are three levels at which Panchayats are constituted, viz., 'Zila Parishads' at district level, 'Block Samitis' at Community Development Block level and 'GramIVillage Panchayat' (commonly known as Panchayat) at village level. As per the constitutional provisions, for those states having population below two million, it is not mandatory to have the intermediate level; all other States/UTs have to compulsorily constitute panchayats at all the three levels. In Punjab, there are 17 Zila Parishads (district level panchayats), 138 Block Samitis (block level panchayats) and 12,369 Gram Panchayats (village level panchayats). The head of the gram Panchayat in Punjab is called 'Sarpanch', while other mcmhcrs are called ·Panches ·. (iii) Town

A town, on the other hand, included every municipality, all civil line areas not included within municipal limits, every cantonment, every continuous collection of houses inhabited by no .Iess than 5,000 persons which the Provincial Superintendent then decided to treat .as a town for census purposes and the capital of princely state.

There have been varying definitions adopted for treating 6f an area as a town ever since the Census 1891 and, therefore, no uniformity could be maintained in comparing two sets of data as the discretion given to the then State Superintendents of Census Operations 'in declaring .an area as urban occasionally led to definite want of consistency. However, after independence an attempt was made to provide a very strict definition of an urban area at the 1961 Census which is as under:

(a) All places with municipality, corporation, cantonment board, or notified town area committee, etc. (b) All other places which satisfied the following crit~riai

(i) a minimum population of 5,000. (ii) atleast 75 per cent of male working population in non-agricultural pursuits; and (iii) a density of population of-at least 400 persons per sq. km . . ~ . The above definition underwent slight change during 1981 and 1991. The urb;:m criteria of the 1981 and 1991 Censuses varied somewhat from that of 1961 and 1971. The workers in occupations of forestry, fishing, livestock, hunting, logging, plantations and orchards, etc. (falling under Industrial Category III) were treated under non-agricultural activities in 1961 and 1971 censuses, whereas in 1981 and 1991 Censuses these activities were treated as agricultural activities for the purpose of determining the male working population in non-agricultural pursuits. Besides, the discretion of Directors Census in consultation with the State Government to treat some places having distinct urban characteristics as urban, even if such places did not strictly satisfy all the criterion mentioned under category (b) above was discontinued at the 1991 Census and it has been followed in the 2001 Census also.

Towns falling under category (a) abQve are termed as statutory towns and those under category (b) ar~ termed as census towns. (Any urban area with a population of 100,000 or more is treated as city in Indian Census). All other places are treated as rural. As per the jurisdictional framework of 2001 Census, there are 157 towns, out _of which 139 are statutory towns while the remaining 18, called Census towns, are non-statutory towns. The statutory towns comprise 4 Municipal Corporations, 96 Municipal Councils, 36 Nagar Panchayats and 3 Cantonment Boards.

(iv) Urban Agglomeration (UA) and Outgrowth (OG)

The concept of UA was introduced at the 1971 Census and has been followed in the successive Censuses of 1981, 1991 and 2001 also. The UA is defined as a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining urban outgrowths or two or more physically contiguous towns together with continuous well recognized urban outgrowths, if any, of stich towns.

Quite often, in several areas, fairly large and well-recognized localities such as railway colonies, university campuses, port areas, military campus, etc. come up around a city or a

3 statutory town. Though, locationally these Itj'eas fall within the revenue limits of village or viUage'.i which are contiguous to the core towns, yet they deserve to be reckoned along with the town. Such localities in themselves do not qualify to be treated as individual towns in their own right and are hence treated as urban appendages of the urban centre to which they are contiguous. These are term~.d as outgrowths (OGs) for the purposes of census.

There were 37 VAs in Punjab at the 197 i Census. Their number came down to 19 at the 1981 Census because OGs of the remaining 18 UAs of 1971 were merged with their respective core towns. The number of UAs rose to 22 at the 199 t Census because (i) seven new UAs were constituted (ii) outgrowths of four towns of 1981 got merged with the core towns.

After the 1991 Census, OGs of 4 towns of 1991 got merged with core town and OGs of 3 towns of 1991 have not been retained at '200 1 sinc~ the population of their core town was less than 20,000. On the other hand four new UAs have been formed and the number ofUAs adopted at L'1e 2001 Census is 19. -"-- .

Table 1.1 List ofUrbau Agglomerations 0(2001 Census.

r Number Name of Urban Agglomeration District 1. 2. 3. ~- , I)-a. 1,...... ,.. - r' .• _ .-l ~ ._ " "' - 2. .. Gurdaspur Gurdaspur 3. Gurdaspur 4. Gurdaspur 5. ,./ -Amritsar Amritsar 6. Kapurtitala 7. _____Jalandhar Jalandhar 8. ._..Nawanshahr Nawanshahr 9. Rupnagar 10. Kharar Rupnagar 1.1. ' Gobindgarh 12. Moga Moga 13. Zira 14. Jalalabad Firozpur 15. Faridkot Faridkot 16. Faridkot 17. v Rampura Phul 18. Sunam 19. Patiala Patiala

List of UAs adopted at the 200 I Census is given in Table 1.1. District wise distribution of statutory and non-statutory (Census towns) as per! 991 and 2001 Census is given in Table 1.2.

4 Table 1.2

Number ofstatutory and census towns, Punjab 1991 and 2001

StateIDistrict -+ 1991 200t Statutory I, Census I-T-ota~1-+---=s-ta-t -ut-O-ry---'I-c-e-ns-u-s1- -Total I I towns ! tow~ towns, towns +- . 1. 3. I 4. - -5:- ' I 6. I 7. I,' 2.-+ ---i-----l------____+_ - -j Punjab il2 I 8 I 120 139 I 18 i 157 , ,I I i i Gurdaspur 10 ') I 12 11 i 3 14 I I J I i Amritsar 8 ! 2 12 \ Kapurthala 3 I ~o 6 7

Jalandhar 13 I \4 i3 \4 I Hoshiarpur 8 9 Q

Nawanshahr 4 4

Rupnagar 8 7 4 I I

F atehgarh Sahib 5 5

Ludhiana 9 10 II 12

Moga 4 4

Firozpur 9 10 9 9

Muktsar 4 4

Faridkot 9 9 3 3

Bathinda J I 11 8 9

Mansa 5 5

Sangrur 12 12 17 17 I l_~atiala __-'--_1_2_--'-- ___---1 __ 1_2_-'--- __1_1_----L __ 3 _--'-_~ ......

5

CHAPTER-2

RURAL - URBAN DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF POPULATION

2.1 Introduction.

As per the provisional results of 200 1 C~nsus, out of the total population of 24,289,296 in the State, 16,043,730 is rural and 8,245,566 urban by residence. This signifies that two~thirds (66.05%) of the population of Punjab is rural and one-third (33.95%) Urban (Figure G.2). The district wise rural - urban population in the State is depicted in Figure 2.1 and Map 2.1 . Table 2.1 !=resents district wise proportion of rural and urban population in the State as per 200 I Census.

Table- 2.1

StateIDistrict Percentage to Total ISr . :I~ I Population Rural Urban 1---, I. 2. 3. 4.

Punjab 66.05 33.95 1 Gurdaspur 74.54 ! 25.46 2 Amritsar 60.00 40.00 3 Kapurthala 67.41 32.59 4 Jalandhar 52.55 47.45 5 Hoshiarpur 80.34 19.66 6 I Nawanshahr I 86.20 I 13 .80 7 Rupnagar 67.54 32.46 8 Fatehgarh Sahib 71.92 I 28.08 9 Ludhiana 44.20 55.80 10 Moga 79.96 20.04 I I Firozpur 74.19 25.81 12 Muktsar 74.48 25.52 13 I Faridkot 66.11 33.89 14 Bathinda 70.22 29.78 15 Mansa 79.32 20.68 16 Sangrur 70.74 29.26 17. Patiala 65.02 34.98 ; CENSUS OF INDIA 20011 , PROVISION"l POPl}lAT.IO'!_; MAP-2.1

PUNJAB KILOMETRES PERCENTAGE OF RURAL AND 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 URBAN POPULATION IN TOTAL t---t=t-- I I I I POPULATION 2001 (DATA BY DISTRICTS)

BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL STATE I U.T DISTPICT

PUNJAB

POPULA nON 2001

_-~----- 2 , OOO , OOO

"'00,1)00 _ RURAl -~~~-\-.--- ' , OOO,OOO

U URBAN

(NOT TO SCALE) - - - '00,000

------

Based upon Survey of India map wrth the permlsston of the Surveyor GeMral of Indl3 ::0 Government of IndIA copyright, 200' 8 2.2 Distribution of Rural Population.

The rural population in the State is distributed over 12,729 Villages. A village on an average has a population of 1260. As such the villages in Punjab are fairly large in their population size.

The districts among themselves display considerable disparity. In , less than one half of its population (44.20%) is rural. This is the only district in the State having excess of urbanities over their rurai counterparts. Besides Ludhiana district, Jalandhar (52.55%) and Arnritsar (60.00%) districts have less than three-fifths of their population Jiving in rural areas. By contrast in Nawanshahr (86.20%), Hoshiarpur (80.34%), Moga (79.96%) and Mansa (79.32%), more than three­ fourths of their population is residing in rural areas.

Nawanshahr district has the highest percentage (86.20%) of rural population to the total population of the district, while Ludhiana district has the lowest percentage (44.20%) (Table 2.1). When compared with the total rural population of the State, with 11.50 per cent of the total rural population of the State is at the top of list, while with 2.42 per cent of state's total rural popuiatioll is at the bottom (Table I-Annexure 1).

2.3.Distribution of Urban Population

One out of every three persons (33.95%) in Punjab is urban by residence. Evidently, Punjab is more urbanized than the country as a whole where 27.78 per cent of population is residing in urban areas. It is noticeably higher than the neighbouring State of Haryana where 29.00 per cent of the total population is urban (Table 2.2). Among the states and Union Territories in the country, Punjab ranks 12th. In fact, only six states, namely, Goa (49.77%), Mizoram (49.50%), Tamilnadu (43.86%), Maharashtra (42.40%), Gujarat (37.35%) and Karnataka (33.98%) and five UTs, viz., Delhi (93.01%), (89.78%), Pondicherry (66.57%), Lakshadweep (44.47%) and Daman & Diu (36.26%)are more urbanized than the Punjab State.

Table 2.2

Comparative composition of rural-urban population, 2001.

India/State Percentage to total population . ~ Rural Urban 1. 2. 3. India 72 22 127.78 1 . I

Punjab 66.05 133.95 ! Haryana 71.00 129.00 J

f) Figu re - 2.1.

Dstrib.tioo cI nraI-utm ~on bj dstrids - F\r1ax 2001

c o ;; to -:::s oQ. Q.

...... ftI ftI .. .. ftI ftI .. lii .!! ftI ::lI .c: ftI ~ ::lI ftI 0 ::lI ftI C) c oX .. ~ .c: ftI .c: CI. C .. a .;: .c: e- ftI .!! ~ N C C) .. ftI .c: ~ .;: " ftI c ftI 1:: c ., C II) .c: ::E " CI. e ::lI ftI :s ::E ftI E ::lI " :c c " I/) -e c( CI. .!! ., ftI ::lI & ::lI u:: ::E U. ::lI ftI "...J ~ C) .., 0 :1: a:: "ftI ~ :I: ~ ..:il Z .c: IJ ftI r-- - --l U. I i I Ostrids I OR.ra mUtal

l _____--. _____--~ -_--_._._-_.-______- ____ ~ ______

10 KILOMETRES PUNJAB 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 URBAN POPULATION 2001 (DATA BY DISTRICTS) BOUNDARIES' INTERNATIONAL STATE/U.T. DISTRICT

PERCENTAGE OF URBAN POPULATION TO TOTAl POPULATION 2001

40.01 AND ABOVE

35.01 40.00

30.01 31.00 (STATE AWRAGE 11.1.)

25.01 30.00

25.00 AND BELOW K. • KAPURTHALA P . DATIALA L ______~ ______.__ .___ . __. ____ .. ~~_~ ______._. ______---'

Baseo upon Survey of InOla map With the permiSSion of the Surveyor General of India 11 © Govemment of India copyright. 2001 Table 2.3 shows ranking of states/union territories in relation to levels of urbanisation at 199 1 and 2001 CitnSli ses. Rurai-urban distribution of population - India and States as per 200 1Cens us results may be seen in Tab!e G.I .

The imbalances in the urbanisation levels among the districts in the State are discernible as can be seen from Table 2.4. Ludhiana with 55.80 per cent of its population living in urban areas is the most urbanised district in the State. The districts of Jalandhar (47.45%) and Amritsar (40.00%) follow suite (Map 2.2). All these three districts have maintained their rank of 1991. Patiala (34.98%) and Faridkot (33.89%) are the other two districts having proportion of urban population higher than the State average although they have interchanged their ranks at 1991 and 2001 Censuses. On the contrary, in Nawanshahr district; only one out of every 7 persons (13.80%) is an urban dweller. (19.66%) too, is less urbani zed in the State. District wise rural-urban distribution of population as per 200 j Census results is given in Table G.2. When compared with the total urban population of the state, Ludhiana district with 20.5 l % of the total urban population of the state is at the top of the list while Nawanshahr district with 0.98% of state's total urban population is at the bottom (Table 2.5).

2.4 Distribution of Rural-Urban Population by Sex

Out of the rural population of 16,043,730 in the State 8,500,647 are males and 7, 543,083 are females, thereby giving a sex ratio of 887 in rural areas. Simiiarly, out of 8,245,566 urban population in the state, 4,462,715 are males, while 3,782,851 are females, thereby giving a sex ratio of 848 in urban areas (Table I-Annexure 1). PCicentage of ::-uml f~male pcpt:lation to th~ tAt?! ferm le !,0r"latirm of the district is highest in Nawanshahr district (86.22%), while it is lowest in Ludhiana district (45.72%). Similarly, percentage of urban female population to the total female population of the district is highest in Ludhiana district (54.28%), while it is lowest in Nawanshahr district (13.78%). The district with highest percentage of rural females to the total rural female population of the state is Amritsar (11.48%) while has the lowest rural female popUlation of the State (2.26%). Similarly, Ludhiana district has the highest percentage of urban female population to the total urban female population of the state (19.65%) while Nawanshahr district has the lowest percentage (1.02%).

; 2.5 Tahsil wise distribution of Rural-Urban Population

There are 72 tahsils in Punjab. Tahsil in Punjab is co-terminus with a sub-division. Tahsil has both rural and urban areas. Table-2 (Annexure I) gives Tahsil wise data of rural-urban population. The largest tahsil in the state is Ludhiana (East) in Ludhiana district, which has a popUlation of 1,643,126 (6.76% of state's total popUlation). This tahsil is bigger in size than 10 districts of the state in terms of population size viz., Hoshiarpur, Bathinda, Kapurthala, Muktsar, Faridkot, Moga, Fatehgarh Sahib, Mansa, Rupoagar and Nawanshahr. This is even bigger than the total population of Faridkot and Fatehgarh Sahib taken together. The smallest tahsil is in Gurdaspur district (), which has a population of 52,136 (0.21 % of state's total population). - /

12 Table 2.3

Ranking ofStatesIUnion Territories by level of urbanisation : 20(H

I Rank in 1001_,. I StatelUnion« Territory I Urban popUlation I , as per cent of total population: 2001

1. 2. 3.

INDIA 27.78 1. Delhi 93.01 2. Chandigarh 89.78 3. Pondich~rry 66.57 I I 4 ! Goa 49.77 5 I Mizoram I 49.50 6 Lakshadweep 44.47 7 Tamilnadu 43.86 I 8 Manarashtra 42.40 I 9 Gujarat 37.35 I ... ' 10 Daman & Diu 36.26 , ! i ' Karnataka 33 .98 12 I Punjab 33.95 I 13 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 32.67 14 Haryana 29.00 15 West Bengal 28.03 16 I !~ndhra Pradesh 27.08 17 I Madhva Pradesh 26.67 18 I Keral; 25.97 19 Uttranchal 25.59 20 Jarnmu & Kashmir 24.88 _21 Manipur 23.88 ~ Rajasthan 23.38 23 I Dadar & Nagar Haveli 22.89 24 I Iharkhand 22.25 25 I Uttar Pradesh 20.78 26 Arunachal Pradesh 20.41 27 Chhatisgarh 20.08 I . 28 I Meghalaya 19.63 29 Nagaland 17.74 30 Tripura 17.02 31 Orissa 14.97 32 Assam 12.72 33 Sikkim J 1.10 34 Bihar 10.47 35 Himachal Pradesh 9.79

13 Table 2.4 BaRking of Districts by percentage of urban population 1991 and 2001

Rankin 1001 District/State Percentage of Urban Rank in 1991 poplllation to total population of the district 1001 1991 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Pujab 33.95 29.55 01 Ludhiana 55.80 51.18 01 02 lalandhar 47.45 40.63 02 03 Amritsar 40.00 34.08 03 04 Patiala 34.98 30.49 05 OS Faridkot 33.89 32.95 04 06 Kapurthala 32.59 25.76 08 en Rupnagar 32.46 25.82 07 08 Bathinda 29.78 26.98 66 09 Sangrur 29.26 24.80 10 10 Fatehgarh 5a1tib 28.08 22.17 12 11 Firozpur 25.81 25.70 09 12 Muktsar 25.52 23.40 11 13 Gurdaspur 25.46 21.99 13 14 Mansa 20.68 14.85 16 15 Moga 20.04 J9.13 14 16 Hoshiarpur 19.66 17.10 15 17 Nawanshahr 13.80 11.00 17

As regards percentage of rural population to total rural poptftation of the state, Gurdaspur tahsil containing 3.87% and Dhar Kalan tahsil containing only 0.32% of the State's rural population represent the largest and the smallest tahsils respectively in the State. As regards percentage of urban population to the total urban population of the state, Ludhiana (East) tahsil in Ludhiana district is the largest (17.13% of State's urban population), while tahsil in is the smallest. (Co.ntaining o.n 0.08% o.f State's urban population). Dhar Kalan tahsil in Gurdaspur district and Khadoor Sahib tahsil in Amritsar district have no. urban population. Percentage of female rural populatio.n to. the female rural population of the state is highest in Gurdaspur tahsil in Gurdaspur district (3.93%) while it is Io.west in Khamano.n tahsil in Fatehgarh Sahib district (0.48%). Similarly, percentage of female urban populatio.n to. the female urban Po.Pulation of the state is highest in Ludhiana (East) tahsil in Ludhiana district (16.21%), while it is lowest in tahsil of Gurdasur district (0.09%).

2.6 Town wise distribution of urban population

Table-l (Annexure I) gives sex wise distribution of population for each of the 157 towns of Punjab. Positio.n o.fto.wns with highest and lowest popUlation is given in Table-2.6.

The average population of a town in Punjab is 52,520. Out of 157 towns (4 Municipal Corporations, 96 Municipal C () rr.mitt ee~~ , 36 Nagar Panchayats, 3 Cantonment Boards and 18 Censw Towns) 32 towns have population more than the average population of the town.

14 Table 2.5

Districts arranged in descending order of their level of urbapisation

Rankin StateIDistrict Urban Population as Rankin 1001 percent of total urban 1991 population of the State 2001 1991 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Punjab 100.00 100.00 01. Ludhiana 20.51 20.74 01 02. Amritsar 14.91 14.25 02 03 Jalandhar 11.24 11.19 03 04 Patiala 7,80 7.78 04 05 Sangrur 7.09 6.97 05 06 Gurdaspur 6.47 6.45 06 07 Firozpur 5.46 6.21 07 08 Rupnagar 4.37 3.88 09 09 Bathinda 4.27 4.43 08 }.() Hoshiarpur 3.53 3.71 10 11 Kapurthala 2.97 2.78 11 12 Muktsar 2.41 2.55 12 I 1,; Faridkot i 2.27 2. 50 i3 I 14 Mosa 2.15 2.48 14 IS Fatehgarh Sahib 1.84- 1.66 15 16 Mansa 1.73 1.42 16 -- I f Nawanshahr 0.98 0.98 17 I I ~ 2.7 Rural- Urban Growth BMet

2.7.1 Growth trends in India.

In the country as a whole, there has been a net addition of 181 million persons during l-991- 2001 (from 846 million in 1991 to 1,027 million in 2001); the absolute increase in its rural and urban population being 113 million and 68 million respectively. Table 2.7 gives growth rates of total, rural and urban population of India since 190].

The growth patterns of rural and urban population of India reveal that the rural growth rate was moderate during 1901-51, except for the decade 1911-21 which recorded a negative growth rate (- 1.29%). The rural growth rate experienced rapid growth during 1951-61 when the rural population grew by 20.49 per cent. During 1961-71, rural component of the population in the country further increased by 21. 86 per cent, the subsequent decades of 1971-81 and 1981-91 witnessed rural growth rates of 19.32 and 20.01 per cent, respectively. The rural growth rate during 1991-2001 is 17.97 per cent.

15 Table 2.6 Town w. Higbest and Lowest Population within each catego_IT

I Sr. I Description Population Percentage of population -j No. I to the urban population ! ofthe State i I- -~-~-_ --_ ., Total Males I Females] Total I Males_ Females _J 1 2 3 4 I 6 i 7 8 ~ I 5-+ 1 Town(s) with highest population I I (within each category) I 1 a) Municipal Corporation - Ludhiana 1,395,053 789,868 605,185 \ 16.92 1 17.70 ! 16.00 I b) Urban Agglomeration (UA) - Amritsar 1,011,327 543,638 467,689 12.27 1 12.18 ' 12.36 1 c) Municipal Council - Bathinda 217,389 117,359 100,030 I 2.64 1 2.63 2.64 ! d) Nagar Panchayat - Patran 22,170 11,681 89 0.27 0.26 0.28 I 10,4 1 . e) Cantonment Board - Firozpur 57,418 34,393 23 ,025 0.70 I 0.77 I 0.61 I f) Census Town - 20,351 11,380 8,971 I 0.25 I 0.26 1 0.24 ! J 2 Town(s) with lowest population I I (within each category) ri-r- I I a) Municipal Corporation - Patiala 302,870 162,465 140,405 64 I ~ . ~~ I 3. 1 3.71 b) Urban Agglomeration (UA) - Qadian 22,575 12,189 10,386 I 0.27 1 0.27 I 0.27 I I c) Muni6 p. 1I 1 Council - Sri HaTl!.ohinciollT 1 Q91 ? .O()1 I 1 010 () O'i 00" I OO'i d) Nagar Panchayat - 3,023 2,731 I O.07 0.07 j 0.07 e) Cantonment Board - Amritsar 7,135 4,165 0.14 ' 0.09 I 0.11 '-----_..___,_t)_C_e_nsus Town - Sekbpllfa 1,019 913 I 0.02ill 0.02 L 0.02

Table 2.7

pecadal Growth rate of Qopulation-INlia,l901-1.001

Census Year l= Percentage decadaJ variation 1 r--______-+-_ __T-,o ._ta_I __ +_ Rural I Urban -i 1. 2. _J_ 3. -+--~- - -- -I

1901-11 5.75 6.40 0.35 I 1911-21 -0.31 -1 .29 8.27 1921 - 31 11.00 9.98 19.12 1931 - 41 14.22 11.81 31.97 1941 - 51 13.31 8.79 41.43 I 1951 - 61 21.51 20.49 26.41 1961 - 71 24.80 21.86 38.23 1971 - 81 24.66 19.32 46.14 I 1981 - 91 23.85 20.01 36.47 1991-2001 21.34 17.97 31.59 I I i

16 As for urban population, during 1901-51, it increased at a phenomena! rate, viz., from 0.35 per cent during 1901-11 to 41.43 per cent during 1941-51. The urban growth rate was 26.41 per cent during1 951-61. Interestingly, the decade 1961 -71 made big strides in urban growth (38.23%), which further accelerated to 46.14 per cent during 1971-8 i. The urban gro''ith rate of 36.4 7 per cent during 1981-91 is, by and large, at par with that of 196 1-71. The urban growth rate during 1991-2001 is 31.59%. Figure 2.2 shows comparative picture of rural and urban gro ....1h rates in India and Punjab during 1901-2001.

2.7.2 Growth trends in Punial! a) Growth Rate-Total

Scrutiny of figures of past decades (Table 2.8) reveals that Punjab State suffered a decrease of -10.78 per cent in its population during 1901-11 as this decade was witness to the havoc of epidemics and famines in their full fury which took a heavy toll of human -lives in the State. However, Punjab recorded a gro\.\1h rate of 6.26 per cent during 191 1-21, which accelerated till ]94 J when it reached 19.82 per cent during 1931-41. But the partition of the country in 1947 masked the actual giOwth rate due to the large scale exchange of population between India and resulting in the decline of Population by -4.58 per cent during 1941 -51. It is precisely the improvement in medical facilities in the post-independence era that has resulted in significant fall in the mortality rate and the State experienced a growth rate of 21.56 per cent during 1951-61. The decade 1961-71, 1971-81, 1981-91 and 1991 -2001 recorded growth rates 0[21.70 oer cent, 23.89 per cent, 20.81 per cent and 19.76 per cent respectively (Figure-2.3).

(b) Growth Rate-Rural

The first decade of the present century (1901-11) saw a decline in the rural population of the State (Table 2.8). There has been consistent, though moderate, rise ever since 1911. The rural growth rate rose from 6.1 7 per cent during 1911-2] to 16.06 per cent during 1931-41. During 1941-51, State's rural population declined (-9.7 I 'Yo) because of the partition of the country in 1947. The decade 1951 -61 registered a growth rate of 19.47 per cent in its rural population which moved up further to 20.63 pei cent during 1961-71. Ever since 1971 , the State has been experiencing gradual decline in the rural growth rate accompanied by corresponding gradual increase in its urban segment. During 1981-91, Punjab's rural population increased by 17.69 per cent, which has further slowed down to 12.28 per cent during 1991-2001, (Figure 2.2) in absolute numbers it has increased from 14,288,744 persons in 1991 to 16,043,730 persons in 2001.

Within the State, spatial variations in the growth of rural population are also observed. The rural growth rate during 1991-2001 is the highest in (20.24%) and the lowest in (4.80%). (Map 2.3)

Table 2.10 shows district wise rural and urban gf'Iwth rates during 1991-2001 in the State.

17 Petariage decadaI grov.th in ruraI-wban population, 1901-1911 to 1991-2001 : India & Ptqab

~.00r------~ 46.14

40.00 , .47 ~ / I \ , J I ~.OO '~:_ ~ --~ I 28.95 31.13 1 I

I i 20.00 i ~ CD Q. 10.00

o.

1001-11 1 -21 1921-31 1931-41 1951-61 1Q31-71 1971-81 1981-91 1991-01 " -1.29 -10.00 -9.71 -13.00 -20.oo~------....._. I • IOOa Rl.J"a L _ _~ ___.__ ._ ... _~ . _... _ ~ .. _~ _..... ~)if-(-IOOa U1::lerl

Figure 2.3

18 Figure 2.3

l Distribution of rural-urban population 1901 to 2001, Punjab

2500000O

200000OO

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 Census Years I o Rural ClUrban I

Table 2.8

Decadal growth rate - Puniab 1901 - 2001

Decade Percentage Decadal Variation

Total Rural Urban 1. 2. 3. 4. 1901-11 -10.78 -10.46 -13.00 1911-21 6.26 6.17 6.92 1921-31 12.02 3.92 34.37 1931-41 19.82 16.06 41.85 1941-51 -4.58 -9.71 20.02 1951-61 21.56 19.47 29.06 1961-71 21.70 20.63 25.27 1971-81 23.89 17.48 44.51 1981-91 20.81 17.69 28.95 1991-2001 19.76 12,28 37.58

19 Table 2.9

States with growth rate lower than Punjab, 1991-2001

f-S_t_at_e_. _,--__-+1 _G_ro_wt_h_ra_t_e_1991-2001(per centc=J 1. 2. I Himachal Pradesh 17.53 Uttaranchal 19.20 Tripura 15.74 Assam 18.85 West Bengal 17.84 Orissa 15.94 Chhatisgarh 18.06 Andhra Pradesh 13.86 I Karnataka 17.25 Goa 14.89 I Kerala 9.42 l Tamil Nadu 1 11.19 Table 2.10

District-wise growth rate of rural and urban population - Punjab 1991-2001

StatelDistrict Growth rate (per cent) Rural I Urban 1991-2001 1991-2001 1. 3 c-. 2 Punjab 12.28 37.58 Gurdaspur 14.02 38.15 Amritsar 11.72 44.01 Kapurthala 5.65 47.14 lalandhar 4.80 38.28 Hoshiarpur 10.29 30.84 Nawanshahr 6.96 38.49 Rupnagar 12.35 55.11 Fatehgarh Sahib 9.64 50.26 Ludhiana 12.99 36.05 I Moga 12.65 19.38 Firozpur 20.24 20.94 Muktsar 15.40 29.44 Faridkot 19.71 24.91 Bathinda 15.28 32.36 Man sa 11.63 66.84 Sangrur 11.53 39.91 Patiala 12.54 38.02

20 MAP- 2.3

JAMMU

PUNJAB AND KILOMETRES DECADAL GROWTH RATE KASHMI~Ji' 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 ! I ! ! I ! ! OF RURAL POPULATION 1991-2001

BOUNDARIES, INTERNATIONAl STATE I U.T DISTRICT

GROWTH RATE ( IN PER CENT)

~ 1&.01 AND ABOVE

" ~ 14.01 16.00

~ 12.01 14.00 (STAfEAVERAGE12.28)

LlJLJ 10.01 12.00

[_~ '~. J 10.00 AND BELOW K. - KAPURTHALA I ~ ,PATIALA I ___j

21 During the decade 1991-2001, Punjab's population has increased by 19.76 percent. This growth rate is well below the national average of 21.34 per cent. In all 12 States have eX'perienced growth rate, lower than Punjab as can be seen in the Table 2.9.

(c) Growth rate - Urban

Punjab's urban population declined (-13.00%) during 1901-11 (Table 2.8). Thereafter, the State's urban population recorded an accelerated increase upto 1941. During 1941-51, the growth rate of urban population in Punjab declined to almost one-half of what it was in preceding decade. It rose to 29.06 per cent during 1951-61 mainly due to improved medical facilities, thus, accentuating the rate of natural increase after independence. Though, mortality rate is reported to have shown declining trends, the birth rate, however, could not be brought down to the desired level. The urban growth rate slowed down to 25.27 per cent during 1961-71 but the decade 1971-81 recorded a significant increase of 44.51 per cent, the highest ever recorded, whereas the 1981-91 decade registered a fall in the urban growth rate to 28.95 per cent. The urban growth rate during 1991-2001 is 37.58 showing an increase of 8.63 per cent point during this decade (Map 2.4) (Figure 2.2).

2.8 Rural-Urban Breakup of population in the age group 0-6

Out of the total population of 24.289,296 in the State 3,055,492 are children in age - group 0-6 comprised of 1,704,142 boys and 1,351,350 girls (Table-2-Annexure 1). In other words children constitute 12.58 per cent of the total population of the State, the corresponding percentages of males and females being 13.15 and 11.93 per cent respectively.

The child population is noticed to be highest in the border district of Firozpur (14.49%) followed by Mansa (13.72%), Amritsar (13.28%) and Muktsar (13.10%). Gurdaspur (12.92%) and Sangrur (12.79%) are the other two districts where the proportion of child population exceeds the State average. The proportion of child population is significantly low in lalandhar (11.21%), Nawanshahr (11.76%) and Ludhiana (11.92%).

Between the two sexes, the proportion of child population is more among males as compared to females, among the former 13.15 per cent are in age group 0-6 while in case of the later the corresponding figure is 11.93 per cent. The district wise patterns of child population among males and females are, by and large, is in conformity with the over all scenario. Table 2.11 exhibits sex wise child population in age 0-6 by districts in Punjab.

Out of a population of 3,055,492 in the age group 0-6, 2,097,892 (68.66%) are in rural areas while 957,600 (31.34%) are in urban areas. While Table-l (Annexure I) gives district and town wise rural and urban population by sex, Table-2 (Annexure I) gives the same information tahsil wise. Population in the age group 0-6 constitutes 12.58 per cent of total population of the State. As regards rural population, 13.08 per cent of rural population of the state is in the age group 0-6, while 11.61 per cent of urban population of the state is in this age group. District with highest percentage of rural population in age group 0-6 to the rural population of the district is Firozpur, (15.19%), while Faridkot district has the lowest percentage of rural population in the age group 0-6 to the rural population of the district (11.80%). Similarly, Faridkot district has the highest percentage of urban population in the age group 0-6 to the urban population of the district (12.98%), while lalandhar district has the lowest percentage (10.50%). Sex wise percentag.:: of child population in the age-group 0-6 by districts is given in Table-1 (Annexure n.

22 CENSUS OF INDIA 2001 1 ~I'()Pl)l.ATUON MAP -2 .•

PUNJAB KILOMETRES 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 OECAOAL GROWTH RATE OF URBAN POPULATION 1991-2001 (DATA BY DISTRICTS) BOUNDARIES: INTERNATIONAL STATE/UT DISTRICT

-

GROWTH RATE (IN PER CENT) R ~ 55.01 ',BOVE

45.01 55.00

35.01 45.00 (STATE AVERAGE 37.58)

25.01 35.00

25.00 AND BELOW

K.• KAPURTHAlA P ,PATIAUI ~------.------.,------. ------

Based upon Survey of India map with the permiSSion of tne Surveyor General of India 23 @ Go'Vemment of IndIa copynght, 200 1. Table 2.11

Proportion of population in age 0 - 6 by districts - Punjab: 2001

StatelDistrict Percentage of child population in age-group 0-6 Persons Males Females 1. 2. 3. 4. Punjab 12.58 13.15 11.93 Gurdaspur 12.92 13.74 11.99 Amritsar 13 .28 13.97 12.50 Kapurthala 12.05 12.81 11.20 Jalandhar 11.21 11.74 10.61 Hoshiarpur 12.16 13.00 11.27 Nawanshahr 11.76 12.44 11.03 Rupnagar 12.38 12.93 11.75 Fatehgarh Sahib 12.13 12.80 11.34 Ludhiana 11.92 11.99 11.84 Moga 12.42 12.86 11.93 Firozpur 14.49 15.01 13.92 Muktsar 13.10 13.67 12.45 Faridkot 12.20 12.71 11.62 Bathinda 12.32 12.91 11.63 Man sa 13.72 14.47 12.88 Sangrur 12.79 13.39 12.10 Patiala 12.28 12.94 11.53

24 CHAPTER-3

Trends in Urbanisation

3.1 Introduction

. Out of the total population of 1,027,015,247 in India, 285,354,954 percent is residing in i)rban areas. Apparently, the size of India's urbanisation is massive and problem is further compounded due to its accelerated growth. The towns, especially the bigger towns, are holding population beyond their capacity and mounting pressures on its resources and services in housing, water supply, power, transport, employment and above all, the environment. All this is alarming and caus ing anxiety.

The situation is no different in Punjab. It has one-third (33.95%) of its population living in urban areas. During 1991-2001, the urban population in the state has increased by over 4 per cent points; in absolute terms there has been an addition of 2.25 millions in urban areas of the state. The big towns like Ludhiana are growing disproportionately. Undisputedly the life is fast moving towards crises in big cities.

3.2 Urbanisation Trends - India

At the 1901 Census, only 25.85 million persons lived in urban areas. The number increased to 217.61 million at the 1991 Census and further to 285.35 million at the 2001 Census. The first census after independence recorded an urban population of 62.44 million in India and ever since the urban population in the country is growing at an accelerated rate.

3.3 Urbanisation Trends - Punjab

At the 1901 Census, lout of every 8 persons (12.39%) in Punjab lived in towns; the ratio gradually increased to 1 in 5 (21. 72%) at the 1951 Census; the first after independence (Table 3.1). The state has experienced rapid growth in its population ever since 1951 mainly due to the improved medical facilities, which brought down the mortality rate considerably although the birth rate could not be brought down to the desired level.

The proportion of urban population increased from 21.72 per cent in 1951 to 29.55 per cent in 1991. During 1991-2001 the state has witnessed a I;harp rise in its urban population by 4.40% per cent points (from 29.55 to 33.95). In absolute tenns there has been an addition of2,252,341 persons in the state's urban population.

Punjab's urban population declined by (-) 13.00 per cent during 19C1 - i 1 (Table 3.1). Ever since the state has experienced rise in its urban population; the urban pop illation grew by 6.92 per cent during 1911 -21 , 34.37 per cent during 1921-31 which further accelerated to 41.85 per cent during i 921-3 l. The decade 1'14 j -5 1 (20.02%) witnessed some decline in rate of urban growth primarily due to the excha~_ '"Of _QQlit!_l?tion at the time of 25 partition. The urban growth rate rose to 29.06 per cent during 1951-61. The rate of urban growth slowed down somewhat when the decade 1961-71 recorded a growth rate of25.27 per cent. The decade 1971-81 , however, recorded a significant increase of 44.51 per cent, the highest ever recorded. The urban growth rate of 37.58 per cent during 1991-2001 is considerably higher than that of 1981-91 (28.95%)

3.4 Urban population by size class of Towns.

3.4.1 Towns by size class

The morphology of urbanisation can be better understood in terms of distribution of urban population among towns of different size classes. It has been the tradition with the Census Organization to clas ~ i fy towns into following six classes:

Class I 100,000 and above Class II 50,000 - 99,999 Class III 20,000 - 49,999 Class IV 10,000 - 19,999 Class V 5,000 - 9,999 Class VI Below 5,000

A town with apopulation of 100,000 and above is treated.as a city in Indian census.

Among the 157 towns and urban agglomerations in Punjab, 14 are Class I (cities), 19 Class II, 35 Class III, 54 Class IV, 28 Class Vand 7 Class VI towns. In other words, urban sector of Punjab State is constituted by 14 cities each with a population of 100,000 and above, 54 medium size towns each with population varying between 20,000 - 99,999 and 89 small towns each having less than 20,000 population.

3.4.2 Urban Population by size class

In conformity with the country's pattern, Punjab's urban structure is marked by a high preponderance of urban popUlation in only few large cities. In Punjab, Class I towns (cities) alone account for 58.39 per cent of the total urban population of the State, and Class II (19) and Class III (35) towns together constitute 28.95 per cent of t~e State's urban population. The remaining 12.66 per cent of the urban population is shared together by 54 Class IV, 28 Class V, and 7 Class VI towns. At any rate, a majority of the State's urban population lives in Class I towns (cities). Figure 3.1 illustrates the number and per centage of urban population by size class of towns in the State as per 200 I census.

26 Table 3.1

Trends in urbanization - Punjab 1901-2001

I Census Total Total Total urban Percenta Decennial growth Annual , year number of population ~;:population ge of exponenti UAsffowns urban al growth populat rate -ion (Urban)

Absolute Percent 1. 2. 4. ;; 5. 6. 7. 8. 1901 76 7544790 934766: 12.39 ~; 1911 ,62 6731510 813224 12.08 : -12'1542 -13.00 -1.38 f'~

r- ~: ,.' 1921 7f528fl }~69'526 ; 12.16 56302 6.92 0.67 (--~_r"_: _~

1931 66 8012325 1168413 14.58 298887 34.37 3.00

1941 75 9600236 1657414 17.26 489001 41.85 3.56

·1951 110 9160500 1989267 21.72 331853 20.02 1.84

1961 106 11135069 2567306 23.06 578039 29.06 2.58

1971 106 13551060 3216179 23.73 648873 25.27 2.28

1981 .134 16788915 4647757 27.68 1431578 44.51 3.75

. 19~j_ ._ .. _j2JL.. _ .. __202819 .6~ .. _.5.29322.i '. .29.55 1345468 28.95 2.58 i . 20Q tr!~7~· -=t S7.;*f '.l 7_"t:ti89296\'~ "8245566 . 33.95 2252341 37.58 3.24 , i 3.~: :Thr6ii:pOiiU1!H~ri '~y ' s~~:'~ss " 197t 'i981~ 1991 and 2001: i ...,.-... -. .. ~. - . - .... > I ! :A!J}J.:} 9~lCJns~!i ~lt~s I,!2-~n.s. .~n!h~. ~~t~a~c()~?dated two-fift?s (40.52%) of the tot1l .'"' ' all ~ PQPufatlQD: '1'fie_ProportIon of urban populatIOn 10 Class I towns 10creased to 46.38 per i clht"in ~t981, 54J6-per cent in 1991 and further to 58.39 per cent at 2001 Census (Figure 3.2). ! . !pr ~~!foT.Cf~~ulf':fo~~/1n ' th~ $taie~_s urba~ _population ha~ declin~ fr~m 19.91 per cenr1n.:--l:991 to 16;45 ' percent 10 2001. The remam10g classes of towns baITIng Class V expenenced gradual fall in their share to total urban population of the State; the proportion of Class'V towns has increased from 1:'72 to 2.52.

27 Figure 3.1

PUNJAB; Share of Urban Population and Number of Towns by Size Class 2001

Class I C'ass" Class'" C'asslV ClassV ClassV,

Size Class of Towns iil"'umber of Towns il% oi Urban Population :

Figure 3.2

Punjab: Percentage of Urban Population by Size Class of Towns: 1971- 2001

2001

1991 ..• ~ ;:,.. 1981 cl1li II 0

1971

0 20 40 60 80 100 Percentage of Urban Population

I, ....,...." ~ICi

28 Figure 3.3

Distribution of population in UAs and Towns in different size classes in from 1901-2001

900000O

800000O

7000000

800000O

S 500000O i I 400000O

300000O

200000O

1000000

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Census Years

CClanl mClass" CClassUl [lClasslV CClass V [lClass VI i

29 3.4.4 Growth of urban population by size class.

Figure 3.4 illustrates comparative picture of growth of population by size class of towns in Punjab dwjng 1981-91 and 1991-2001. During 1981 -91 the share of urban population increased in Class I and Class II towns while the remaining size classes of towns experienced fall in their share. During 1991-2001 besides ClaSs VI towns, all the size classeS of1owns have recorded rise in their share in States total urban population

Figure 3.4

PUNJAB: Growth of Urban Population by Size Class of .,.,:;~,,~~ Towns

~20 101.94 . _ ,_. .

100 78.41

80

60

, 40 fJ , , 20 i 0 -20

-40

-60

-80 Clasel Cinelli Class IV .

Sig Ciao of Towns 01981-1"1 D 1881-2001

3.4.5 Growth of municipal corporations

L Idhlana. AmJ1tsar. lalan

30 whereas Ludhiana, now the largest, had a population of 48,649, which was nearly one-third of Amritsar city. The gap in the population of these two cities remained almost static till 1941. The ftrst post independence Census of 1951, however, showed narrowing down of this gap. Since then, Ludhiana has been experiencing virtual explosion in population growth. In 1981, Ludhiana (607,052) overtook Amritsar (594,844) and as per the 1991 Census population of Ludhiana and Amritsar Municipal Corporations is 1,942,740 and 708,8_35_ resp~tively, As per the 2001 census population of Amritsar Municipal Corporation (1,011,327) is' nearly three fourth of Ludhiana Municipal Corporation (1,395,053). During 1981-91, growth ofpopufation i~ Ltidhiana (71.77%) was nearly 3 112 times that ofAmritsar (19.16%) and ~ 112 times that of Jalandhar (24.82%). During 1991-2001 in terms of population size, Ludhiana emerged as the largest- city in the State in 1981 and maintained its position in 1991 and 2001 Censuses as well. '

Figure 3.5 shows the growth of population of the four municipal corporations since 1901.

Figure 3.5

PUNJAB: Decadal Growth of Population of Municipal Corporations 1901-2001

1901 1911 1921 · 1931 , 1941 1961 1961, 1971 1981 , 1991. 2001 Censusy~rs -+-Amritsar __ Ludhiana _...... Jalandhar ---M- Patlala

The share of Ludhiana Mlinicipal Corporation iIi ' total 'urban population of th'e State was 17.40 per cent in 1991. However, the share of Ludhiana Municipal Corporation has marginally deCreased to 16.92 at the 2001 Census. The -share of Amritsar and Jalandhar remained the same at 1991 and 2001 'hile there has been a decline in Patiata M nicipal Corporati on as is re reate by the Table 3.2

31 Table 3.2

Share ofmlinicipal corporations in total urban population ofthe State: 1991 & 2001

Municipal Percentage Share in urban population Corporation 1991 2001 1. 2. 3. Ludhiana 17.40 16.92

Amritsar 11.83 11.83

Jalandhar 8.50 8.50

Patiala 3.98 3.67

3.4.6 Metropolitan areas

Urban agglomerations/cities with a population 'of at least one million (10 lakhs) are termed as ·metropolitan citIes/areas.

Among the 23 metropolitan areas in the country at the 1991 Census, it was for the first time that Punjab had returned a metropolitan city - Ludhiana. Although, Ludhiana was at the bottom among the 23 metropolitan areas as per 1991 Census in terms of its population, its growth rate (71.77%) had been the third highest recorded during 1981-91. Visakhapatnam (74.27%) and Hyderabad (69.12%) were the only two other metropolitan areas in the country, which had recorded a growth rate higher than that of Ludhiana during 1981-1991. According to 2001 Census, Amritsar with a population of 1,011 ,327 has also emerged as million plus city of India.

One out of eveiy six urban dwellers (17.40%) in the State is residing in Ludhiana city and one out of every nine (11.83%) in Amritsar city. It signifies that 3 out of every 10 urban dwellers (29.23%) in the State are residing in only these two metropolitans in the State. It is significant to note that the industrial hub of Punjab - Ludhiana city, rightly called as the 'Manchester of India', is experiencing rapid growth. It has a density of 8755 persons per sq. km. at the 2001 Census, which is very close to the density of population of Delhi D.T. (9294). The growth ofLudhiana city is alarming.

3.4.7 New Towns of 2001

A new town is one, which did not have the urban status at the previous census. The emergence of new town is generally associated with the following situations:

i) A village qualifies to be an urban area either by way of acquiring the statutory status or by satisfyin~ the requisite demo~ranhic criteria. ii) A to m v.hich had been d.::dassifieJ Juring pn;vious (;crQU::, 1S notl1'i.tJ as a t o\\TI. 32 iii) A new town is created.

Table 3.4 indicates population size of new towns created at the 2001 Census. Out of 41 new towns 25 are Nagar Panchayats notified by the Punjab Gcvernment and 16 are villages, which have qualified prescribed to be treated as census towns. Barring Moga and Faridkot districts all other districts have added new town (s) at the 2001 Census . . Two out ofthese41 towns namely Zifakpur (25,006) in and, Karoran (20,351) in are Class III towns. Among the remaining, 16 are class IV having-apopulation in the range of 10,000 - 19,999, 18 are class V to~ with population varying between 5,000 and 9,999 and 5 are Class VI towns each having populationbelow 5,000. The new towns of2001 have added a population 0[428,885 which makes 5.20 per cent of the total urban population of the State.

*** Table 3.3

New towns added after 1991 census in 2001 census j}'l :,:.' New tOv.mS Tadded Civic Name of the Population .. _"f status of District , I · the City/ ToWn ., , PERSON MALE FEMALE 1 2 3 4 5 6 C.T. Gurdas~ur 16664 9081 7583 Daulatpur C.T. 4544 2412 2132 Kalan C.T. 3369 1764 1605 Kalanaur N.P. 12915 6867 6048 Ajnala N.P. Amritsar 18602 10158 8444 Khem Karan N.R. 11938 6622 53'16 CT· 8730 4855 3875 N.P. Ka_purthala 9612 4954 4658 Bhulath N.P. 10079 5323 4756 N.P. 7980 4174 3806 C.T 15343 8348 \. 6995 C.T. Jalandhar 4061 2074 1987 N.P. 8546 4501 4045 N.P. 7704 3987 3717 Hajipur C.T. Hoshiarpur 5366 2796 2570,

Chohal .. C.T. 7433 4405 3028 _ -~.~- Mahilpur N. P. 10019 5248 4771 1 N.P. Nawanshahr 18106 9532 r-----._ _ ~_57 -4~ Nehon C.T. Rupnagar 10158 5727 4431 . Mullanpur- Garibdas C.T. 6143 3282 2861 Karoran C.T. 20351 11380 8971 C.T. 5794 3066 2728 N.P. Fatehgarh Sahib 8876 4904 3972 Maloud N.P. Ludhiana 7160 3792 3368 N.P. 17248 9272 7976 N.P. Firozpur 12173 6362 5811 N.P. Muktsar 7545 3978 3567 Bhisiana C.T. Bathinda 4775 2835 1940 Bhikhi N.P. Mansa 15078 7983 7095 N.P. 16315 8778 7537 N.P. Sangrur 9725 5288 4437 Cheema N.P. 9347 4954 4393 N.P. 14928 7967 6961 Khanauri N.P. 10977 5806 5171 N.P. 13073 7091 5982 N.P. Patiala 8212 4327 3885 C.T. 1932 1019 913 Rurki Kasba C.T. 8186 4513. 3673 Ghanaur N.P. 5754 3023 2731 C.T. 9118 4894 4224 , N.P. 25006 14198 10808

428885 231540 197345 i Notes - 41 new Towns treated after 1991 census for the first time. -T-- - r ------1I The following abbreviations have been used for the status of towns. , N.P . - Na ~ Pan~hay at ~ Census Town

34 CENSUS OF INDIA 2001 I PROVlSK>NAl. pOPULAnON ------, PUNJAB JAMMU AND I KILOMETRES LOCATION OF TOWNS/URBAN KASHMIR .,..1\ 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 AGGLOMERATIONS BY SIZE - .f \ I ! I I I I I '. .-·... JU9 1a1 ",.· CLASS OF POPULATION ...,...... /1. I ~Sujan- /' 2001 ''"'Patha~~ . ~. kat ~U.A ~ulatP~ BOUNDARIES, """'" {:'Dlnonoqor / B~ INTERNATIONAL . ... ~ . <) Kalanj ~ -._._ " .,.,.~ GurdaspurU.A_,..(" :...... , STATE IU.T. DISTRICT . .Kalanaur • I HajIPU; ~ ••t,~''"'" a 8C'ma Nanok __ \A 1". ..._ '-w,.. ~ ,...,.~ -Oharlwal I vMukerlan A -So · Ajnala \. Faleh9arh I v'·_ i • "CIMlan I T alware" T ' Ma ~'a~ _801010 Qodlon J Dasuo ~,< J.... ( Raja ~ansl.j 'U.A_. A U.A.I 0 Garhdlwala .~ / • ~_ V' • \ ( 1Srl Har9ablndpurj Urmar T anda _... " \.~... 1)1 .... ov \ A 11 • Amritsor ~ / A Harlana, ~ • mr sor. UA - ~ .... """V .. . '\ Cantt . . Budha' I" - ; - .... . ¢. Jandlala Th~...>'Be9awal j'" Sham Hoshlarpur '. .., I. •• 'Ilh I the ~"Bhaa.l. Chauras;.... :\ .A \. Tarn Toran • u a r / Adgm'p~,1) ~hohal . V ",..I • J / Dhllw~ar'.r-(pur..1• ..... \ ~ ...... ' • Bhlkhlwlnd )Kaputlhala ',) Jalanilla,::. ~~ Mahllpur (' ,.J'~ d\ dhar P ~-...... ,,-"" I Patti -'. 'Jalan-~+~Pha9wara '\ ~\., -So ,. A / I.Hussalnpu, ()dhg~ntr\ K u·t;-, _ _ . -<,::aC";'.;r',,\.lr' r: . V J SUij~nur ,o/~ sans~.~1 ",Garhshan,kar ) ) Aa ./ /' pur ( Ban9a ) '-" Anandpur • • ") \ _ Khem Karan /' / -. \ • \ Sahib . •..., ."". "'-/~~hlan J <) • -. '"'Nawan'hah'\.') \. ( • .J l .I".1 Makhu ~"Khas Jandia'a Garaya \. U,A. () " 't f'-' "rJ , ~ . • Phillau~ \ Roho n BoloeM ur ~ , • ../ • Fira,pur ZiraU)1 Dharamk'oi ~~~kOl Nurmah".!... ___~_-\r ~~_..... \~:l ehan"2 r' • Firolpur A Ie ) ---- Ludhiana Mocfffilwora. "'"("'--- " na ar • Cantt. y t Mullanpur • SaMewal I Rup 9 .... _. (' r ). Samra,a VI KuraJl V; l ,... Talwandi I Ma9a U.A. I J09raa n •• (\.I Morlnda ~uUan~uKararan .) I //"r----,Bha'·>N • '. 0 Daraha. Khannol'~~~ A Garlbd A . r -'-. I I Ak .' ~IKhQm~vJ(horar2-s!. ~G .1 Farldkate'" Baqha PUrana J al9arh - I ;4,anB-jlJ A .- CH&:NDIGARH • uruHor UA \ R ik 1 onT" ~." / Sohal ':s- _ ,. ~ <) • \ a 0 ~Maloud Payal) Patha"", S. .S B at _,; A > "', "t K J Badhni "'" ~).... /"c Slrhlnd~90r JrakpUl r V ..J ,0 apura K I I., V ,.., - J. • a1eh9arh I-IM h III hank~ ; Jala'abad 1- ". _j '" aan ,,-7 _,,I Ah~a~~- )/-"" Amioh Goblndgar.hsanib' La ~ • ,'arpur ...... , UA ,(/' ( , "'r_/ "y U.A~'R Jp "vera .... -. . ') Barlwala'_ "~ \) I _-~\ ) a UTa • Bo ..1 . ..( / j,; -:: L.; ~y Shadaur Malerkotla. y-/ ( \. ., L":. ,/.MUMtsar \ JoituA...J '...... Dhurj \ I . ./ Fozilka - ,'> \,').U.A.V _~ I Borna'a A ) . . -,,\~,1 • GhO~.,\ ~ " \ C',) -_- '1 Tapa .Handlayo V / / • Shekhpuro I)ARurkl i.. " I :::. Goniona < • ._...... Kosbo • "" '\ .-.I t.~. I) Rampura-Phul, • SonQrur Bhowaiii9;;;j;-7 .."" '-, M.aJOut Giddorbo18hlslono Bathinda U.A. ~ )1 LoncaowaJ _ • ;' _" PotlotQ U.A. £.' / ) I ~ha<.... • BhuehaMand'j''''' ~ S U.A (' Samano .",.\,. /.( Abahar - ~ - J • ' " V unam , \ A ..... r I • 2' '1 Sanqat Maur - I '-,). e ;ba \ V<:"'"", 5'J \ /' ;' t {.... ¢! Bhlkh' (Cheema ) ':'>' ',-. • ) I Kat Folta (, 'Manso. I. ..., /' .. > '-._._._ (I...,._.""" Raman "J.J'. A I Lehroqooo I) Gh0000'l- , RAJA ST·_·_· ...... ·1'·...... / ''''''. . I BUdhladavl.._r. ,,1''''''. . HAN .... ' . _.I) ') ' p'J'.p~n \. - . ) - ~ ~...,(\ ~ .("". Khanaur~".. '/ t- ' . ,."". " \e Moonak/ •...,)sar~'· ._. " ,A.' • gOI '] , . I "( ~ '\. ( CLASSES OF URBAN CENTRES t ... ·A CLASS I 1,00,000 AND ABOVE CLASS II • SO,OOO 99,999 CLASS '" •¢ 20.000 49,999 CLASSIV • 10,000 19,999

CLASSV .. 5,000 9,999

CLASS VI I) BELOW- 5,000

K. - KAPURTHAlA P - PATiALA

Based upon Survey of India map with the permission of the Surveyor General of India 35 © Government of India copyright. 20C CENSUS OF INDIA 2001 PROVISIONAL POPULATION MAP· 3.2

PUNJAB GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION CLASS I KILOMETRES URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS/TOWNS 10 5 0 10 20 30 40 \, , ~I~I~I~±I~±I~±I~~I 1991-2001

BOUNDARIES: IIIITERNA TIOIllAl . . . -._.- STATE I U.T. DISTRICT .

-

POPULATION GROWTH (IN PERCENn

50.01 AND ABOVE

(STATE AVERAGE ....311 .w.Ol 50.00

30.01 40.00

20.01 30.00

K. - KAPURTHALA L~ 20.00 AND BELOW P P AT IA U ..\ AGGLOMERATION I ------~ Based upon Survey of India map WIth the permiSSion of the Surveyor General of India 36 © Govemment of India copynght. 2001 . CHAPTER 4

RURAL-URBAN BREAK UP OF SEX RATIO

4.1 Introduction

In Indian Census, sex ratio is defined , as number of females per 1000 males. Generally speaking, differentials in mortality conditions of males and f~es, differentials in male-female ratio at birth, sex selective migration are the main factors whlch affect the sex composition. Sex ratio of population and Sex Ratio of child population in the age group 0-6 for the State, Districts and Tahsils is given in Table-4 (Annexure I). Town wise Sex Ratio is given in Table-6 (Annexure I). '

4.2 Sex Ratio of Total Population

A significant feature of Punjab population is the preponderance of males , over fumales. Out of a total population of 24,289,296 in the State, 12,963,362 are males and 11,325,934 are ~les, resulting in an overall sex ratio of 874, which is significantly lower than the national ayerage of933. Amongst the States and UTs, Punjab ranks 29th in terms of sex-ratio. Only one state (Haryana) and five UTs have sex ratio lower than that of Punjab (Table 4.1). KeraJa State has the highest sex ratio (l058) while Daman & Diu has the lowest sex ratio (709). Amongst states only, Haryana has the lowest sex-ratio (861). Kerala State with a sex ratio of 1058 and Pondicherry UT with a sex ratio of 1001 are the only two in the country having a positive sex ratio i.e. more females than males. t 7 stateslUTs have sex ratio above the national average while 18 have sex ratio below the national average. Like Punjab, the neighbouring StateslUTs of Punjab, viz., Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh and Haryana have shown a decline in sex ratio in 200 I from 1991.

In Punjab, sex rati~ declined from 832 in 190 1 to 780 in 1911. Eversince 1911, sex ratio showed a consistent improvement till 1991 when it reached 882, best ever recorded (Figure-4.1).

4.2.1 Distriet wise Sex Ratio

Within the state, ' the sex ratio is highest in Hoshiarpur (935) followed by Nawansh$ (913). On the ;contrary, it is the lowest in Ludhiana (824) (Table-4.2). Since 1961, Hos~iarpur has continuously maintained the 1st position in terms of sex ratio. During 1991-2001, five districts experienced increase in their sex ratio while it declined in 11 districts and one district Rupnagar did not experience any change in this regard. Muktsar, Mansa, Amritsar, Hoshiarpur and Nawanshahr have shown improvement in their sex ratio. The decline is more pronounced in Fatehgarh Sahib, Ludhiana, Bathinda, Patiala, Gurdaspur, Jalandhar, Firozpur and Kapurthala (Figure-4.2). The decline in sex ratio in Punjab is indeed a matter of conce:n. 10re disturbing is the sharp fall in sex ratio of children In age group tH~' It has come down from 875 in 1991 to 793 in 2001 . All the districts have reported significant full in their sex ratio in the population in age group 0-6 (Table-4.3). Decadal trends in sex

37 ratio since 1901 may be seen in Tabl~.4. Groupings of districts as per sex ratio may be seen in Map - 4.1.

T,ble 4.1

States and lJnmB Territories ranked by Sex Ratio - India 2001

Rank by Sex Ratio StateslUTs· Sex Ratio Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban 1 2 3 of !Ii 6 7 JrIDIA 933 946 901 1 1 1 Kerala 1058 1059 1058 2 6 3 . Pondicheny· 1001 990 1006 3 3 13 Cbhatisgarh 990 1005 932 4 4 6 Tamil Nadu 986 992 980 5 12 2 MMipur 978 969 1009 6 9 7 Andhra Pradesh 978 983 965 7 II 4 Mc..-ghalaya 975 972 985 8 8 15 Orissa 972 986 895 9 5 33 Himachal Pradesh 970 991 797 IIj 2 24 Uttaranchal 964 1007 850 11 10 10 Katnataka 964 976 940 12 7 12 Goa 960 988 933 13 17 8 Tripura 950 948 962 14 15 11 Lakshadweep· 947 957 936 15 13 22 .Jharkhand 941 963 870 16 25 9 Mizonun 938 925 951 17 16 16 West Bengal 934- 950 893 18 19 20 Assam 932 940 878 19 20 17 RajMthan 922 932 890 20 14 21 Mailar'Mhtra 922 959 874 21 23 23 Bihar 921 927 869 22 18 18 Gujarat 921 946 880 I 23 24 14 Madhya Pradesh 920 927 899 : 24 21 32 Nagaland 909 932 809 25 26 25 Arunachal Pradesh 901 915 850 26 22 29 Jammu & Kashmir 900 927 822 27 27 19 Uttar Pradesh 898 904 879 28 29 28 Sikkim 875 881 822 29 28 26 Punjab 874 874 887 30 30 27 Haryana 861 867 847 31 31 31 Andaman & Nicobar Islands· 846 862 815 32 33 30 Delhi· 821 806 822 33 32 35 Dadra & Nagar Haveli· 811 850 691 34 34 34 Otandigarb* 173 621 792 35 35 5 Daman & Diu· '109 585 983

I

38 Figure-4.1

Rural-Urban Sex Ratio - Punjab

900.------~~~~~ 880 860 840 ~ 820 -+-Total ~ 800 Ie I ~RUral ~ 780 I -'-Urb~ 760 740 720 700+-_,---,--~--,__,--~--~--~~--~~ ...... o ..... N ...... ex) 0') o 0') 0') 0') 0') 0') 0') o ...... N Years

Table 4.2 Ranid., of Districts by Sex Ratio - Punjab: 1991 and 2001

Rankin 2001 StatelDistrict Sex Ratio Sex Ratio Rankin 1991 (Number of (Number of females per 1000 females per males as per 1000 males as 2001) per 1991) T R U T R U T R U T R U 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 :PUNJAB 874 887 848 882 888 868 1 1 3 Hoshiarpur 935 947 888 924 932 890 1 1 4 2 2 1 Nawanshahr 913 914 9ll 900 898 914 3 5 1 3 5 8_ Gurdaspur 888 895 868 903 905 895 2 4 3 4 7 "4 Muktsar 886 888 883 880 877 888 11 II 6 5 3 15 Kapurthala 886 907 843 896 910 857 5 2 16 6 6 14 Firozpur -883 893 857 895 898 887 6 6 7 7 8 6 Moga 883 885 873 884 883 889 7 8 5 8 4 13 Jalandhar 882 904 859 897 907 883 4 3 9 9 11 2 Fa rid kr;,t 881 876 892 883 882 884 9 9 8 10 12 5 Mansa 875 875 878 873 871 881 13 14 10 11 9 12 Amritsar 874 885 859 873 871 876 12 13 12 12 13 7 Rupnagar 870 869 871 870 870 870 16 15 15 13 14 10 Sangrur 868 869 864 870 866 881 15 17 11 14 15 11 8athinda 865 868 860 884 888 873 8 7 14 15 16 9 Patiala 864 862 868 882 875 899 10 12 2 16 17 16 Fatehgar Sahib 851 859 832 871 870 873 14 Id6 13 17 10 17 Ludhiana 824 877 784 844 880 812 17 10 17

39 -Table 4,3 Sex Ratio of districts in Punjab: 1991 and 2001

Sbt elDistrict Sex Ratio (Number Sel Ratio (Number Cbange in Points Sex Ratio in ~6 Sex Ratio in ~6 ChaDge in points or Females per WOO of Females per 1000 age group as per age group as per males as per 1991) males 85 per 1001) 1991 1001 T R U T R U T R U T R U T R U T R U I 2 1 4 S 6 , 8 9 10 11 12 II 14 IS 16 n 19 PUNJAB 882 888 868 874 887 848 ~ ·1 ·20 87~ 878 866 793 7~~ 789 ·82" ·83 ·77 Gunlaspur 90) 90; ~9; ~~~ ~9; ~6~ ·1; ·10 ·17 ~~l ~~~ 7~9 m ·10) ·92 t---- m m ·m Am rilsar m m m ~74 m ~;9 +1 +14 ·17 ~61 ~M ~;~ 7~J 7~9 172 ·7~ ·7; ·~4 K~urthala ~9~ 910 m ~~~ 901 MJ ·10 .J ·14 ~79 m ~91 m m 179 ·IM ·102 ·m lalandhar ~97 9~7 ~8J 882 904 8;9 ·1; .J ·24 886 891 879 797 ~O6 786 ·S9 ·S; ·9) HosniarQ_ur 9~4 9J2 ~90 9); 947 m +11 +I) ·2 ~~4 m m ~IO m ~OO ·74 ·74 ·7) Nawanshahr 900 ~9~ 914 9IJ 914 911 +IJ +16 .j 900 ~9~ 9IJ 810 811 ~O, ·90 ·~7 ·W8 R\!nagar 870 ~70 ~70 m ~69 m . ·1 +1 ~M 8~j ~~6 m m 800 ·9) ·96 ·86 FGS ahib· m 870 m ~'I 8;9 m ·20 ·11 ~I ~74 sn 881 1;4 747 774 ·120 ·m ·W7 Luoniana 844 880 812 824 m 784 ·20 .J ·28 817 886 869 ~14 m 816 ·6J ·74 .,J Moga 8~4 m 889 m m m ·1 +2 ·I~ 867 867 ~66 m 820 m ~~ ~1 .;; Firozpur 89; 89~ 881 8~J m m ·12 .) ·)0 ~81 894 ~64 819 ~24 ~M ·68 ·10 ·~O Muktsar ~80 877 U~ 886 8~~ m +6 +11 .; m 864 m 801 810 798 ·;1 ·;4 ·41 Faridko! 88J ~82 ~84 881 ~76 892 ·2 ·6 +~ 86; 867 861 80; 80; 806 ~o ·62 .;; Bathinda 884 m m m ~68 ~~O ·19 ·20 .Jj ~60 ~M ~44 m}89 , 7)6 ·~I ·77 .~~ Mansa ., m m ~81 m m m +2 +4 .J m m 814 779 1~0 m ·94 ·Wl ·J9 Sangrur 870" ~66 ~81 ~6~ 869 864 ·2 +J ·17 m 877 86J 7~4 179 m ·89 ·98 .0; Patiala 8~2 m' 899 ' ·t04 ' ~62 86~ ·I~ ·IJ ·JI m ~10 m 110 764 7~6 ·101 ·106 ·~6

*F atehgarh Sahib, T·Total, R·Ru~tr.Uffian -

40 4.2.2 Tahsil wise Sex Ratio

Among tahsils, Mukerian tahsil in Hoshiarpur district recorded the highest (972) and Ludhiana (East) tahsil in Ludhiana district, the lowest (780) sex ratio in State.

4.2.3 Town wise Sex Ratio

Table 6 (Annexure I) gives sex ratio of townslUAs. Among the four Municipal Corporation towns in the State, Patiala with a sex ratio of 864 is placed at the top while Ludhiana Municipal Corporation (766) is at the bottom. Likewise, among the 19 VAs, Zira VA (9) 3) displays the highest and Gobindgarh UA(783), the lowest sex ratio. Out of 96 Municipal Councils in the State, has a sex ratio of 936 while it is only 791 in Ooraha (District Ludhiana). Cantonment Boards have, in general, extremely low sex ratio varying between 694 in and 584 in . The smaller towns in general have higher sex ratio. Among Nagar Panchayats, Begowal (940) in has the highest sex ratio while Zirakpur, the peripheral town of Chandigarh has a sex ratio of barely 761. However, it is Sansarpur (Jalandhar district), a non-statutory (census) town which recorded the highest sex ratio (958) among all the towns in the state. The Bhisiana Census Town () on the other hand has a sex ratio of only 684. Summary position of towns with highest and lowest sex ratio is given in Table 4.5.

Table 4.5

Town wise Sex Ratio - Punjab: 2001

Sr. Description Sex Ratio No. t 2 3 1 Town(s) with highest Sex Ratio (within each category) a) Municipal Corporation - Patiala 864 b) Urban Agglomeration (UA) - Zira 913 c) Municipal Council - Sri Hargobindpur 936 d) Nagar Panchayat - Begowal 940 e) Cantonment Board - Jalandhar 694 t) Census Town - Sansarpur 958

2 Town(s) with lowest Sex Ratio (within eacbcategory) . a) Municipal Corporation - Ludhiana 766 b) Urban Agglomeration (UA) - Gobindgarh 783 c) Municipal Council - Doraha 791 d) Nagar Panchayat - Zirakpur 761 e) Cantonment Board - Amritsar Cantt. 584 t) Census Town - Bhisiana 684

I

41 4.3 Sex Ratio of Child population in the age group 0-6

Sex ratio in child population in age group 0-6 is deplorably low in Punjab (793).

4.3.1 District wise Sex Ratio of child population in the age group 0-6

The position is no better at district level. Among the districts, both Moga and Firozpur which are on the top of list have a sex ratio of 819 each in their child population as compared to the state having a sex ratio of793 in the age group 0-6. Patiala district is at the bottom with a sex ratio of770 only.

4.3.2 Tahsil wise Sex Ratio of child population in the age group 0-6

Likewise, among tahsils the child sex ratio in the state varies between 855 in Ohar Kalan tahsil of Gurdaspur district and 725 in tahsil ofFatehgarh Sahib district.

4.3.3 Town wise Sex Ratio of child population in the age group 0-6

Position of towns with highest and lowest sex ratio in the age group 0-6 is given in Table 4.6.

Table 4.6

Town wise Sex Ratio of child population in the age group 0-6 - Punjab: 2001. Sr. Description Sex Ratio No. in the age group 0-6 1 2 3 1 Town(s) with highest Sex Ratio in the age group 0-6 (within each category) a) Municipal Corporation - Ludhiana 818 b) Urban Agglomeration (UA) - Nawanshahr 827 c) Municipal Council - Shamchaurasi 1000 d) Nagar Panchayat - Ghagga & 879 e) Cantonment Board - Firozpur 827 t) Census Town - Budha Theh 930

2 Town(s) with lowest Sex Ratio in the age group 0-6 (within each category) a) Municipal Corporation - Amritsar 768 b) Urban Agglomeration (UA) - 687 c) Municipal Council - Sri Hargobindpur 656 d) Nagar Panchayat - 698 e) Cantonment Board -Amritsar 687 t) Census Town - Daulatpur 673

42 4.4 Sex Ratio of Rural Population

The state recorded a rural sex ratio of 887 at the 2001 census which is significantly lower than that of the country. Among the states/VTs, only Daman & Diu (585), Chandigarh (621) Delhi (806), Dadra & Nagar Haveli (850), Andaman & Nicobar Islands (862), Haryana (867) and Sikkim (881) have rural sex ratio less than that of Punjab.

4.4.1 District wise Sex Ratio of Rural Population

Among the districts in the State the rural sex ratio is the highest in Hoshiarpur (947) and the lowest in Fatehgarh Sahib (859). In all, among the 17 districts, 7 districts recorded rural sex ratio higher and 10 districts lower than the state average.

4.4.2 Tahsil wise Sex Ratio of rural population

The spatial patterns at tahsil level indicate that in rural areas of Mukerian tahsil of Hoshiarpur district the number of females is almost at par with their male counterpart; it has a sex ratio of 986. On the contrary SAS Nagar, tahsil located adjacent to Chandigarh has a sex ratio of only 794.

4.5 Sex Ratio of Rural Population in tb~ 3ge-group 0-6

The rural sex ratio in the state in child age-group 0-6 (795) is marginally higher than that of total population in this age-group.

4.5.1 District wise Sex Ratio of Rural population in tbe age group 0-6

Within the State, the rural sex ratio among children of age group 0-6 varies between 824 in Firozpur district and 747 in Fatehgarh Sahib district. The districts with rural child sex ratio higher than the state average besides Firozpur, include lalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Nawanshahr, Ludhiana, Moga, Muktsar and Faridkot.

4.5.1 Tabsil wise Sex ratio of rural population in the age group 0-6

Among tahsils, Dhar Kalan in Gurdaspur district has a rural child sex ratio of 855, which is the highest among all the 72 tahsils in the State, while Bhulath tahsil in Kapurthala district with the corresponding sex ratio of 702 is the lowest in order.

4.6 Sex Ratio of Urban Population

The gap in the rural-urban sex ratio is quite significant in the state; the corresponding ratio for urban and rural areas being 848 and 887 respectively. However, sex ratio in urban areas of Punjab is lower than the country as such (901).

4.6.1 District wise Sex Ratio of urban population

state. while it 1S only 7154 in Ludhiana district.

43 4.6.1 T.II.u wile Sa Ratio or UrND popalatioD

Among tahsils., the NihaJsinghwaJa in Moga district exlubits the highest urban sex ratio 924 while it is only 797 in tahsil of Fatehgarh Sahib district and is closely followed by Amritsar-I tahsil (798).

4.7 Sex Ratio of urban population in tbe age group 0-6

In the state, the disparity in the urban-rural population is not very wide; urban (789) and rural (795).

4.7.1 District wise Sex Ratio of amaD popUI.tioD iD tbe .ge-group 0-6

Among the districts, Ludhiana which otherwise is marked with the lowest sex ratio in the state has the highest (816) sex ratio among children in age 0-6 in urban areas. By contrast it is the lowest (729) in Gurdaspur district.

4.7.2 T.llsil wile Sex Ratio OfUrND poDul.tioD iD tbe .ge group 0-6

The tahsils among themselves show wide gap in the child sex ratio in their urban parts. Among the tahsils Nihalsinghwala (Moga district) has the highest urban sex ratio of 874 in this age group while it is the lowest in Pathankot tahsil (702) of Gurdaspur district. ••••

44 Table ·4.4

Rural.lJrban Sex Ratio by Districts·Punjab 1901· 2001

Sr, No. Statr titrIct Sex RatIo tNillbr rI,.. ~ 1COl_1 111 1911 1921 1931 1841 1851 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2 3 4 5 S 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

PM 832 7al 798 815 836 844 854 885 879 882 874 RInI 838 785 a 832 856 884 885 888 884 888 17 IktIn 14 740 735 721 750 rn 817 888 885 888 848 1 Gurdaspur 853 n4 794 8~ 84~ !46 869 800 907 903 888 2 ~rftsar 829 781 796 803 841 841 854 8$ 871 873 m 3 Kapurt~1a NA NA NA NA N.A 880 886 889 8~8 896 886 4 Jland~ar 848 783 807 841 859 8~7 867 883 890 897 882 ~ H(»hialpYr 878 828 856 867 879 877 902 ~ 919 ~4 9~ 6 Nawanahahr 856 796 821 848 865 876 900 887 8~8 900 913 7 Rupn~8r 807 7$ 781 789 802 812 812 854 862 870 870 8 FiehgarhSahb NA N.A N.A N.A. NA 773 815 831 841 871 851 9 Ludh.,a 829 765 784 791 832 852 856 848 860 844 824 10 M~a N.A. NA NA N.A. NA 867 862 866 881 884 883 11 FKozjlur 826 ne 802 814 810 835 840 816 884 895 883 12 Mu~ .. NA NA N.A N.A. NA 862 846 ~ 885 880 886 13 Fdli NA NA NA N.A. NA 856 849 866 879 883 881 14 Balht.ja NA NA NA N.A. NA 839 814 8~1 861 884 865 15 Mna NA NA NA N.A. NA 824 830 852 869 873 m 16 SlIgIUr NA NA N.A. NA NA 820 832 840 8&J 870 sea 17 Pm N.A. NA NA N.A. NA ~ 831 ~ 870 882 864 .--____;;F~;;;.;re;.;...;:_4;.;;.2=_ __...;;T:_,RENDS IN SEX-RATIO FOR DISTRICrT.;;;;.S...;;1;;.;;.9...;;O_1...;;-2::.;OO;..;;..;1;;..______...., ... GURQAlIPUR 1801-2001 AMRITSAR 1"1-2001 t(APURTHALA 196'~2001 87' -~I ~~71B56 tOO , 873 Q i ~ .,. 8-<1 ~ I 0: ! ~ ... l¥ 781 i 8&) no 774 t I 'OIl "'-_____...... _..-_..-uI , ~ ~------~ ~..... ~...... ~tC- ~..,,,,, ....tI" .... ~.;' ~... ,~.... ~'b.... ~Oj' # ...... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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BOUNDARIES: INTERNATIONAL STATE I UT DISTRICT

FEMALES PER 1000 MALES

AND BELOW

K. - KAPURTHALA P - PATIA[A -----_j

Government of InOla copyngnt. 2001 Bated upon Survey of IndIa map w'tn tne pcr:"n!S$!on of the ~urveVor C"(!nera l oflno!a 47 \.~ )

CHAPTERS

RURAL-URBAN LITERACY

5.1 Introduction

Any person who is able to read and write with understanding in any language is recorded as literate. Likewise in 1991, at the 200 1 Census also, all children below 7 years have been classified as illiterates.

Out of a total population of 24,289,296 in the State, 14,853,810 are literate (Table S.5). The provisional results show an overall literacy rate 69.9S%, which is slightly higher than the national average of 65.38%. There are 94.3S lakh illiterates in the state, which also includes children of age below 7 years who have been classified illiterate irrespective of the fact that some of them may be attending school and have learnt some reading and writing.

Literacy rates by residence and sex of the state, districts and tahsils is given in Table-S (Annexure I). Town wise literacy rates are given in Table-6 (Annexure I).

5.2 Literacy Rate oCTotai Population

Amongst the states and UTs, Punjab ranks 16th in terms of literacy. Kerala has highest literacy rate of 90.92% while Bihar has lowest literacy rate (47.53%) (Table 5.1). This signifies that the most literate state has a literacy rate is almost double the least literate state in the country. In terms of female literacy rate also, Kerala tops the Jist with a rate of 87.86% , which is more than two and a half times more than Bihar, which is placed is at the bottom with a literacy rate of 33.57 per cent.

The literacy rate of Punjab bas increased by 11.44% during last 10 years. The female literacy rate during the last decade has shown an increase of 13.14% while male literacy ha~ shown an increase of 9.97% only. (Table-S.2).

5.2.1. District wise Literaey Rate of Total Population

Amongst the districts in the state, Hoshiarpur remains to be the most literate district in the State (81.40%). In Hoshiarpur 4 out of every 5 persons are literate. On the contrary, in Mansa a little over one-half (S2.S0%) of the population is literate and is placed at the bottom in terms of literacy rate (Table-4.3 and Table-S.4). Besides Hoshiarpur, Rupnagar (78.49%), lalandhar (77.91%), Nawanshahr (76.86%) and Ludhiana (76.54%) are the other districts having atleast three-fourths of their population as literate (Figure-5.1)

49 Table 5.1

States and Union Territories ranked by Literacy Rate - India 200]

Rank StateslUTs* Literacy Rate 1 2 3 INDIA 65.38 1 Kerala 90.92 2 Mizoram 88.49 3 Lakshadweep· 87.52 4 Goa* 82.32 5 Delhi· 81.82 6 Chandigarh· 81.76 7 Pondicherry* 81.49 8 Andaman & Nicobar Island· 81.18 9 Daman & Diu· 81.09 10 Maharashtra 77.27 II Himachal Pradesh 77.13 12 Tripura 73.66 13 Tamil Nadu 73.47 14 Uttaranchal 72.28 15 Gujarat 69.97 16 Punjab 69.95 17 Sikkim 69.68 18 West Bengal 69.22 19 Manipur 68.87 20 Haryana 68.59 21 Nagaland 67.11 22 Kamataka 67.04 23 Chhatisgarh 65.18 24 Assam 64.28 25 Madhya Pradesh 64.11 26 Orissa 63.61 27 Meghalaya 63.31 28 Andhra Pradesh 61.11 29 Rajasthan 61.03 30 Dadra & Nagar Haveli* 60.03 31 Uttar Pradesh 57.36 32 Arunachal Pradesh 54.74 33 Jammu and Kashmir 54.46 34 Jharkhand 54.13 35 Bihar 47.53

50 Table - 5.2

Literacy Rate Punjab: 1951-2001

Year Persons Males Females I. 2. 3. 4. 1951 N.A. N.A. N.A. 1961 N.A. N.A. N.A. 1971 34.12 42.23 24.65 1981 43.37 51 .23 34.35 1991 58.51 65.66 50.41 2001 69.95 75.63 63.55

Table -5.3 Literacy rates by sex for State and Districts - Punjab: 1991-2001

ISly. IState I District Persons literacy rate * No. Males Females 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

PUNJAB 58.51 69.95 65.66 75.63 50.41 63.55 1 [Gurdaspur 61.83 74.19 69.55 80.44 53.33 67.31 2 !Amritsar 58.08 67.85 65.07 73.58 50.10 61 .41 3 Kapurthala 63.31 73.56 70.03 78.66 55.83 67.90 4 Jalandhar 68.91 77.91 75.10 82.37 62.04 72.93 5 Hoshiarpur 72.08 81.40 80.22 86.97 63.34 75.56 6 Nawanshahr 64.42 76.86 73.30 83.67 54.56 69.52 7 Rupnagar 68.15 78.49 76.50 84.43 58.53 71.74 8 Fatehgarh Sahib 63.34 74.10 69.52 78.85 56.24 68.60 9 Ludhiana 67.34 76.54 72.45 80.19 61.24 72.11 10 Moga 49.79 63.94 55.41 68.40 43.45 58.96 11 Firozpur 48.99 61.42 58.26 ·69.55 38.66 52.33 12 Muktsar 49.28 58.67 54.46 65.94 37.01 50.59 13 Faridkot 49.88 63.34 57.05 68.92 41.78 57.09 14 Bathinda 46.41 61.51 53.92 68.31 37.96 53.76 15 lMansa 37.23 52.50 44.81 59.12 28.54 45.07 16 isangrur 45.99 60.04 53.22 65.97 37.67 53.29 17 lPatiala 57.51 69.96 65.10 76.13 48.94 62.94

Note : * - Literacy rate is the percentage of literates to population aged 7 years and above.

51 Table 5.4 Ranking of Districts by Literacy

Rank in 2001 State/Distrid Literacy Rate 2001 Literacy Rank Rate in 1991 1991 Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total PUNJAB 69.95 65.16 79.13 58.51 1 1 1 Hoshiarpur 81.40 80.09 86.66 72.08 2 3 2 Rupnagar 78.49 74.51 86.60 68.15 3 3 4 6 Jalandhar 77.91 74.41 81.74 68.91 2 4 2 4 Nawanshahr 76.86 75.99 82.26 64.42 5 5 5 9 Ludhiana 76.54 72.88 79.42 67.34 4 6 7 3 Gurdaspur 74.19 70.96 83.43 61.83 8 7 6 7 FG Sahib* 74.10 71.71 80.22 63.34 6 8 8 8 Kapurthala 73.56 70.57 79.63 63 .31 7 9 9 5 Patiala 69.96 63.34 81.99 57.51 10 10 11 10 Amritsar 67.85 60.65 78.37 58.08 9 11 10 13 Moga 63.94 61.18 74.84 49.79 12 12 12 14 Faridkot 63.34 58.58 72.71 49.88 11 13 15 12 Bathinda 61.51 55.30 75.96 46.41 14

14 14 11 I Firozpur .61.42 __J ~5.75 _ 77.22 48.99 13 ~~-r~~--'_~--- ~ -- - 15 13 17 Sangrur 60.04 55.86 70.12 45.99 16 - 16 16 15 Muktsar 58.67 54.10 71.93 46.28 15 17 17 16 Mansa 52.50 47.56 71 .23 37.23 17 *Fatehgarh Sahib

In terms of female literacy, Hoshiarpur tops the list (75.56%), while Mansa is at the bottom (45.07%) (Figure-5.2). District which has shown maximum increase in literacy rate over 1991 is Mansa (15.27 points), while Ja]andhar has shown least increase (9.00 points). Similarly, for female literacy, Mansa district has shown maximum increase over 1991 (16.53 points) while Ludhiana has shown least increase over 1991 (10.8.7 points). Figure 5.1

LITERACY RATE BY DISTRICTS, PUNJAB- 2001

Lai 30 , . 20 ;> 10 : - 0 !i ~ 15 !i 0 I ! I " IS I '" ~ I i i § i ! ~ ! ~ ~ I· I I ~ ~ I i!'

DISTRICTS

52 Figure 5.2

FEMALE LITERACY RATE BY DISTRICTS, PUNJAB- 2001

... on~ '" on .... ~ ... ~ ..: 80""""" ...~ i ... ~ ~ ~ ... 70 ...~ = ~ to 8! ~ :H ~ ~ 60 ~ ::! ~ &:i ~ ~ :a ..."! on W 50 1 'J "'" w~ 40 '1-. ~ j ~ 30

20

10

.... ., .... • •...g rl -.. f-, n ..oil! I2!i ~ Ii! B! '-J .. .. ~ .. .. ~ .. 0 • ! i ! ~ I i i I I.. ! i i.. I ! i i I i I I i

DISTRICTS

5.2.2 Tahsilwise Literacy Rate of Total Population

At the tahsil level, literacy rate varies between 85.58% in SAS Nagar, Mohali tahsil of Rupnagar district and 49.50 per cent in Moonak tahsil of . Among tahsils,18 out of 72 tahsils in the State recorded a literacy rate of over 75 per cent. These 18 tahsils include all the four tahsils each of Hoshiarpur and Rupnagar districts, Ludhiana (East), Khanna and Ludhiana (West) tahsiis of Ludhiana district, Phagwara and Bhulath tahsils of Kapurthala district and one tahsil each of Gurdaspur district (Pathankot), Amritsar district (Amritsar-II), lalandhar-I tahsil, Nawanshahr district (Nawanshabr) and Fatehgarh Sahib district (Bassi Pathana).

5.2.3 Town wise Literacy Rates Total Population

Four out of'every five persons in urban areas of the State (79.13%) are literate. However, the towns among themselves show a significant variation in their literacy rates. SAS Nagar, (Mohali) MC in Rupnagar district has a literacy rate of 92.50 per cent which is highest in the state, while MC (Jalandhar district) has a literacy rate of only 31.88% which is one-third of the town with highest literacy rate - (Table 6).

Among Municipal Corporation towns, Patiala (85.00%) and Ludhiana (79.71%) display

Nangal with a iiteracy rate ot If/.J 1% IS placed at the top wnlle ::,unam ~ 0'1.0 I / 0) O(';(';Uplt;~ lil!;; iowest posltlon.

53 Out of 36 Nagar Panchayats, Mahilpur (85.49%) in Hoshiarpur district and Bariwala (46.95%) in Muktsar district portray the highest and lowest literacy rates respectively. The Cantonment Boards recorded a high literacy rate; it varies between 90.91 % in Arnritsar Cantt and 84.91 % in Firozpur Cantt.. Census towns too have not lagged behind in this regard; in Hussainpur Census town (Kapurthala), 9 out of every 10 (90.65%) are literate and in Karoran (Rupnagar district) 76.87 per cent of the population is literate. In (Gurdaspur district) more than three-fourths (76.78%) are literate (Table 5.6)

Table 5.6 Town wise literacy rate of Total Population

Sr. Description Literacy Rate No. 1 2 3 1. Towns with highest literacy rate (with each category)

a) Municipal Corporation -Patiala 85.00% b) Urban Agglomeration - Nangal 87.31 % c) Municipal Council - SAS Nagar, Mohali 92.50% d) Nagar Panchayat - Mahilpur 85.49% e) Cantonment Board - Amritsar Cantt. 90.91% f) Census Town - H ussainpur 90.65% 2 Towns with lowest literacy rate (with eJlch category)

a) Municipal Corporation - Ludhiana 79.71% b) Urban Agglomeration - Sunam 69.61% c) Municipal Council - Phillaur 31.88% d) Nagar Panchayat -Bariwala 46.95% e) Cantonment Board - F irozpur C antt. 84.91% f) Census Town -Bharoli Kalan 76.78%

5.3 Female Literacy Rate

63.55% of the females in Punjab are literate as against 75.63% males showing a considerable narrowing down of the gap in the literacy rate between two sexes. The female literacy rate in Punjab is considerably higher than that of India where 54.16% of females are literate.

5.3.1 District wise Female Literacy Rate

Among the districts in the State the female literacy rate varies between 75.56% in Hoshiarpur district and 45.07% in Mansa district. Out of 17 districts in the State, 8 districts recorded female literacy rate higher than the State (63.55%). Besides Hoshiarpur they include, Jalandhar (72.93), Ludhiana (72.11), Rupnagar (71.74), Nawanshahr (69.52), Fatehgarh Sahib 1,61'1 .60). Kapurthala (67.90) and (iurda~r l1 r (67.31).

54 5.3.2 Tahsil wise Female Literacy Rate

However, at tahsil level, female literacy is the highest in SAS Nagar (80.92%) of Rupnagar District. On the other hand in Moonak tahsil ofSangrur district (40.83%) recorded the lowest literacy, ..which is one-half of the tahsil with highest literacy.

5.3.3 Town wise Female Literacy Rate

Of all the towns in the State, female literacy is the highest (89.41%) in SAS Nagar, Mohali in Rupnagar district and the lowest (37.34%) Phillaur MC (Jalandhar district). Among the Municipal corporation towns, Patiala (80.94%) and Amritsar (76.50%) represent the highest and lowest percentages. The variation in female literacy among UAs is between 82.43 per cent in Gurdaspur VA and 62.98 per cent in Sunam UA. In case of Nagar Panchayats, which number 36 in Punjab State; the urban female literacy varies between 80.78% in Mahilpur (Hoshiarpur district) and 46.22% in (Amritsar district). The three Cantonment Boards in the State also display a high urban female literacy rate, which varies between 84.15 in Jalandhar Cantt. And 78.00% in Firozpur Cantt. Interestingly, the Census Towns in general exhibit a high female literacy rate in urban areas with comparatively lesser variation among themselves. Hussainpur C~nsus Town has a female literacy rate of87.15 per cent while Karoran Census Town recorded a female literacy rate of65.79% (Table 5.7).

Table 5.7

Town wise female literacy rate

Sr. Description Female Literacy No. Rate I 2 3 I Towns with highest female literacy rate {within each categorY}

a) Municipal Corporation -Patiala 80.94% b) Urban Agglomeration - Gurdaspur 82.43% c) Municipal Council - SAS Nagar, Mohali 89.41% d) Nagar Panchayat - Mahilpur 80.78% e) Cantonment Board -Jalandhar Cantt. 84.15% f) Census Town - Hussainpur 87.15%

2 Towns with lowest female rate {within each categorY}

a) Municipal Corporation - Amritsar 76.50% b) Urban Agglomeration - Sunam 62.98% c) Municipal Council -Phillaur 37.34% d) Nagar Panchayat -Khemkaran 46.22% e) Cantonment Board - Flrozpur Cantt. n .OO% t) Census Town - Karoran 65 .79%

55 5.4 Literacy Rate of Rural Population

65.16 per cent of the rural population in the state is literate as against the overall literacy rate of 69.95 per cent in the State.

5.4.1. District wise Literacy Rate of Rural Population

In conformity with the literacy patterns of total population, l!0shiarpur d~strict (80.09%) and Mansa district (47.56%) represent the highest and lowest rural hteracy rates In the State. In other words, while in Hoshiarpur, 4 out of 5 ruralities are literate, in Mansa less than one half of the rural population has the ability to read and write. Besides Hoshiarpur, Nawanshahr (75.99%) is the only district where more than three-fourths of the rural population is literate.

5.4.2 Tahsil wise Literacy Rate of Rural Population

Amc'Og tahsils, rural literacy rate is the maximum in Hoshiarpur tahsil (81.67%) and the minimum in Moonak tahsil (44. I 1%). In all, out of 72 tahsils in the state, in 67 more than one­ half of the rural population is literate while the remaining 5 tahsils h~ve a literacy rate of below 50 per cent. Besides, Moonak, they include all the 3 tahsils of Mansa district and Sunam tahsil of Sangrur district.

5.5 Female literacy in rural'population :-

As against an over all female literacy rate of 63.55 per cent the, female literacy rate of rural population is 57.9 I per cent.

5.5.1 District wise Female Literacy Rate orRuml Population

The districts among themselves di splay differentials in female literacy in rural areas in the State. In Hoshiarpur, nearly three-fourths (73.87%) of the female in rural areas are literate while it is only 40.03 per cent in Mansa di strict.

5.5.2 Tahsil wise Female Literacy Rate of Rural Population

Likewise, among the tahsils, Hoshiarpur tahsil with a literacy rate of 75 .60% emerges as the top ranking tahsil in the state while the literacy rate in Moonak tahsil of Sangrur district is 35.38 per cent is only about one-half of the most literate tahsil, viz., Hoshiarpur in the State.

5.6 Literacy Rate of urban popu)ation:-

79.13 per cent of the urban population in the state is literate as against the rural literacy rate of 65.16 per cent signifying that the gap between the literacy rates of rural and urban areas is not much wide.

5.6.1 District wise Literacy Rate of Urban Population

The urban literacy rate is the highest in Hoshiarpur district (86.66%) and is closely followed by Rupnagar (86.60%).It is the lowest in Sangrur district (70. 12 %). The other districts t· , • , "'1' .... .1. l .... I".. V 1V'"'U UIU ....I. I I IJll"..lul"..\ I(IlI... 111 ~ llt ':: l llltlil 'lin' 1\1 f ' ljlll..-1l"'\ Il ll ' II\tIe" t II Irt\ (1 .... r'1 I ' · I J'o."._j ... "1,,1 Kapurthala (79.63%), Jalandhar (81.74%), Nawanshahr (82.26%), Ludhiana (79.42%) 3, ,-1 Patiala (81.99%).; Fatehgarh Sahib (80.22%).

5.6.2 Tabsilwise literacy Rate of Urban Population :- In urban areas, SAS Nagar, Mohali tahsil with a literacy rate of 91.92 per cent is at the top, whereas, Phiiiaur tahsil (62.14%) occupies the lowest position.

5.7 Female Literacy Rate of Urban Population

Nearly three-fourths (74.63%) of the females in urban areas of Punjab are literate.

5.7.1 District wise Female Literacy Rate of Urban Population

Urban female literacy is the highest in Hoshiarpur district (82.62%) and is closely followed by Rupnagar (82.0 1%). In all, 9 districts recorded urban female literacy rate higher and 8 lower than the state as a whole. Urban female literacy is the lowest in Sangrur District (63.76%).

5.7.2 Tahsil wise Female Literacy Rate of Urban Population

Two out of 72 tahsils Dhar Kalan (Gurdaspur) and Khadoor Sahib (Amritsar) are entirely rural. Among the remaining. urban female literacy varies between 88.66 per cent in SAS Nagar Mohali, (Rupnagar) and 59.02 per cent in Moonak (Sangrur).

*****

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59

CHAPTER 6 Urban Slums Introduction

6.1 The existence of urban slums is one of the major problems faced by the towns, especially bigger towns almost every where. The growth of slums in itself is linked with the rapid urbanization and industrialisation. There are various reasons which result in the growth of slums, among which shortage of land in housing, higher prices of land, influx of migrants both from rural as well as smaller towns to the cities for better jobs etc. may be mentioned. Thus, the poor are left with no C''''oice but to take shelter illegally on the available peace of I".,d. In short, the whole problem is the issue of housing or providing shelter to the people with adequate living conditions. Despite efforts made by the government in containing the number of slum dwellers, the sprouting of slums is ever increasing and the situation is worsening with the passage of time.

6.2 The concept

There is no uniform definition of slums in the world. Various countries have been following varied criteria in defining the slum. In India, slums have been defined under Section 3 of the Slum Areas (Improvement & Clearance) Act of 1956, wherein slums are defined as areas which;

i) are in any respect unfit for human habitation; ii) are by reason of dilapidation, over-crowding, faulty arrangements and design of such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement, lack of ventilation, light, sanitation facilities or any of these factors which are detrimental to safety, health and morale. In addition to this central legislation, the state may have an independerit Act where slums are defined.

This brings down that the living conditions in slums are usually unhygienic and contrary to all norms of planned urban growth and, consequently, they transmit various air and water borne diseases.

The demographic characteristics of population living in slums would generate great interest in minds of Planners, Administrators, Academicians, Researchers alike. With this in mind, at the 2001 Census, an effort has been made to collect and tabulate data for slums separately. In order to achieve it, Enumeration Blocks were formed separately in the slum pockets identified in all the big towns which had a population of over 50,000 at the 1991 Census. In the absence of any uniform definition or criteria for defining slums, the following types of areas have been treated as slums at the 2001 Census :-

i) AU areas notified as slums by the StateILocal Government under any Act. ii) All areas recognized as slum by State/Local Government which have not been formally notified as slum under any Act. iii) A compact area of about 300 population or about 60-70 households or poorly- built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment, usually with inadequate and lack of any proper sanitary and drinking water facilities.

h 1 The slum pockets/areas failing I.:ilder the above categories were identified and Enumeration Block formed in these pockets/areas by the respective Executive Officers of the towns, who were also the Charge Census Officers/To\\m Census Otlicers.

6.3 Demographic Profile of slums

At the time of 1991 Census, there were i 0 ciass I (population 1,00,000 and above) and 18 class II (population 50,000-99,999) towns in the state of Punjab. The slum pockets in all these 28 towns were identified much in advance before the first phase of Census Operations, viz, houselisting operati0ns. 1900 odd Enumeration Blocks were carved out in these slums. No slum pocket was identified by the Charge Census Officer in the SAS Nagar, Mohali which is located adjacent to Chandigarh.

The number of class [ to\\11S in the state has gone up from lOin 1991 to 14 in 2001 as tour class 11 towns nameiy SAS Nagar Mohali (Rupnagar), Malerkotla (Sangrur), Khanna (Luhdiana) and Phagwara (Kaputhala) have graduated into class I towns at the 2001 Census. The total population and slum population of these 28 towns as obtained at the 2001 Census is giver! in Table 6.1. Town wise and slum wise popUlation data in each of thesc towns will be published separately.

Nearly, One-tifth (19.56%) of the population In .LlS towns/LJ As of Punjab (Having a population of 50,000+ as per 1991 Census) is living in slums. This shows that 13.97 per cent of the urban population in the state is residing in slums (4.74% of total popUlation of the State). As per 2001 Census, these 28 towns together have a population of 5,887,542, out of which, 1,151,864 are slum dwellers. One of these towns namely, SAS Nagar, Mohali in Rupnagar district has no slums. Among the rema ining 27 towns, proportion of population living in slums varies considerably. In general, rnandi towns and industrial areas have recorded higher percentage of slum popUlation. It may be noted that for the census pt;rpose, slum pockets/areas were identified and Slum Enumeration Blocks tvrmed only in towns having a population of 50000 and above as per 1991 Census. The Executive Officers of other towns i.e. those having a population of less than 50000 may also have identified slum - pockt,"ts!areas in their respective towns.

6.4 Sex Ratio in Slum areas

The slum areas in g~~al have a sex ratio of 841 which is in close proximity with ovemll urban sex ratio of 847 in the State. Interestingly, the child sex ratio in age gr·~up 0-6 is considerably higher in slum areas in comparison to the urban areas, as such; child sex ratio in slums is 814 as against an urban sex ratio of 789 in the state - Table 6.2.

62 Table 6.1

Total PORulation and proportion of Slum Population - Punjab: 2001

Sr. .No . Particulars Po~ulation I 2 I 3

Total population of the State 24,289,296 1. I

2. Total urban population of the State 8,245 1 566

\3. Total population of the 28 towns in 5,887,542 I which slums have been identified

4. Population living in slum pockets/ 1,151,864 areas in the State

5 Percentage of urban population in the 33.95% State

6 Percentage of slum population 13.97% to total urban popUlation of the State

, .. 7. Percentage of sium population 4.74% to total population of the State

8. Percentage of slum population of 28 19.56% . towns to the total population of28 towns ! l ._-_J

63 Table 6.2

Sex Ratio' and Literacy Rate in Urban Areas and Slum Areas - Punjab, 2"01

Punjab Sex Ratio Literacy Rate Total Child Persons Male F\:male Population Population of age 0-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Urban 847 789 79.13% 82 .97% 74.63% Population Slum 841 814 73.76% 78.18% 68.54% Population

6.5. Literacy Rate of population in slum areas

Slum areas in general have a literacy rate of 73.76% which is quite near to the overall urban literacy rate of 79.13% in the State. Further, male-female differentials of literacy rate in slum population are, by and large, similar to the overall urban literacy. Between the two sexes, sium areas have a male literacy rate of 78.18 per cent :md fermle literacy rate of 68.54 per cent: the corresponding percentages for total urban areas are 82.97 and 74.63 respectively (Table 6.2).

*****

64 Annexure-I

CENSUS OF INDIA 2001

PROVISIONAL POPULATION RESULTS

TABLES

Rural- Urban Distribution of Population

65

Table - 1 Population, child population In the age-group 0-6 and Ilterat.. by residence and sex - State, District, UAiCitylTown, 2001 ' ~--r----'----'I-----'------'I'----~------I 1 StatelDistric:tlUAlCltyrrown Civic TotaU Population Child population in the literates status RwaU age group 0-6 of the Urban City/ Town

PERSON I MALE I FEMALE PERSONI MALE I FEMALE PERSON I MALE I FEMALE I 2 3 4 I Ii I 6 7 I 8 I 9 10 I 11 I 12

GU~As~~...... oi$t~T...... , ..·. "'·'· · ·· ·····: ... ·.·.·.·u·

Sujanpur M.C.' U 21743 11345 10398 , 2579' 1441 1 1138 154231 8539 6884 Jugilll 1 C.T: U 16664 ' 9081 ' 75831 17951 1060 735 131541 7399 5755 1 ' I 1 ~~Pathankot~~------+~~+-----~- , UA U I68~~2~7sr--9~1~998~I --~7~62~7=7+:--1~9~236~! ~1-1 ~405~1 ---7~83~1 ~:~ 1 ~289~3~5 : --~-~---=~73901 55034~ PaINon"'" , M.e." U 159559 87505 , 72054 18269' 10861 . 7408 , 122740: 70381 52359 ~~~------+~~~~--~~3~1~2 =7 !~·~1~s411---1~ --·~27=7~: --~16=7~, --~1~1~0~~2=364~-· ~~~--~~ Khanpur 1 C.G. i U 1309 1055 lamin CG U 24451 1284 1161 ' 297 ' 157 ' 14() 1759 1002 ' 757 Oh8ki C.G. U~-4 __-= 3~. ___1 568,. _ 1.~57 ~6~· ___~ 39~3~i __~ 22~0~! ____1~ 7~3~: __~ 2~0~7~2 __.~ 1209~~1 __~~ 863 -- I I ~ ! i Deu/etpur C.T:' , U 45441 2412 1 2132 , 435 ! 260' 175i 3377 1888 i 1489 Sherali Ke/en ! C.T/' U 33691 1784 , 1605 ' 466 ' 238 1 228 ' 2229 : 1283 946 M.C .~ , U 21494 , 112791 102151 2381 : 8813 ' 7069 , --+-- Gurdaspur U.A. 1 U 68417 : 36384 ; 32033 7071 i 29234 ; 23976 1 1 GUniaspur I M.C ..... ' U 67455 358201 31635 6997 ! 28753! 23661 !nginMring College on AmrilMr- 1 U 404 ' 31 : 25 1 567 357 i 210 ; 663! 1 259 ! 56i PaINon"'" Road ! C.G. ! 1 Abedi along PIIndori Road C .G. U 67 34 331 12 ' 04 ' 08 , 26 15i 11 Gobind""",,,r Colony along GurdMpur- 79: 05 04 01 ! 144i 74 70 U 167! 881 1 AmrilMr Road C .G. 1 i 1 i i Colony along Jail Road on Oin8Nlll"r U 85 381 27 01 1 35 24 Road (adjacent 110 Scheme No. 5 i C.G. Ke/enelX N.P., U 12915 6887 6048 1662 , 949 713 8410 4745 3665 Cera Baba Nanak M'C" U 7493 3915 3578 884 502 382 5625 ' ~ , 2566 Fatehglrtl Churian M.C .~ U 15879 8380 7499 1925 1138 787 11367' 6252 1 5115

Batala UA 1 U 14n53 78342 69411 16814 9582 7232 104557: 57723 48834 ISalaIa M.C.' U 126846 67026 59620 142721 8109: 6163 909361 49995 40941 MIIrria,_ja C.G. U 1259 679 580 148 ' 93; 551 717 : 413! 304 Umarpurll C.G. U 1840 993 847 233 1501 83 968! 5371 429 S"""rpur C.G. U 1302. 683 619 174 , 95, 79 , 782 ! 4441 338 KoIha ..... C .G. U 1558, 834 724 206 121 851 862 1 499 363 e-H Indarjit C .G. U 1879 1002 877 211 119 92 ' 14351 800 635 !hocIa-di-Khui C .G . U 818 447 371 140 79 1 61 , 386 : 235 151 ~I C .G. U 908 503 405 108 67 41 605: 358 247 Kharal C .G. U 876 495 381 113 63 50 5261 328 198 ~nplnd C.G. U 573 284 289 71 32 39 390 , 199 191 JharriMlan C .G . U 887 485 422 146 86 60 472 1 273 199 HIMIIi Chobdarlln 1 C .G . U 741 386 355 119 58 61 45O ! 268 ~~ MIIn; GhaUrlinga C .G . U 180 100 eo 17 841 63 llakewal C .G. U 4901 2633 2268 466 1983 , 1546 Gaunapurll C .G . U 2919 1562 1357 342 212 130 1996. 1105: 891 IShaIha inclarjit C .G . U 466 250 216 48 27 21 1 358 , 202 ; 156 Sri HalllObindPur , M.C." U 3993 2063 1930 487 282 185 : 2647 1 1428 , 1219 Qadian U.A. U 22575 12189 10366 2371 1340 1031 16705: 9478 7227 2108 1189 919, 155451 6711 Qadian M.C .... U 20827 11287i 9560 ' 8834 ' Harijan Colony, I.T.I. llalmiki Grllve)lllrd & C .G. U 1748 922 i 826 263 151 1 112 1 11601 6441 516 OAV Hr. Sec. School. 1 1 1 Ohariwal Me ' - ' 871)6 975:- 3~9 1853 822 7619 6224 67 Table -1 Population. child population in the age-group 0-6 and literates by residence and sex - State, District, UAiCityfTown 2001 r------~--~---,----~----+i----~i~---~~----~'-----4i -----~--~ I 1 1 StaWlOiatrictlUAlCltyfTown Civic Totall Population Child population in the Literates status Rurall age group 0-6 otthe Urban City/ Town

PERSON MALE I FEMALE PERSONI MALE I FEMALE PERSON I MALE I FEMALE 2 3 4 5 I 6 7 I 8 I 9 10 1 11 j_ 12 ~------4----_+----_+------~------+_------~------~i ____-J: ______'. ____c ____ .______: 1 ~Af:c OISTRlCT ·•.•• ·•• ··· T < > < 3014207 . 1640624. 1434183. 40834$ 229034 . 179312 1800011 1038139 770072 ~ .. ' 1~ < 9787e1 86588e 261~ . 146445 115539 959890 564528 395362 1) .. 12;29561 661263 568298 ·' 146362 82589 63113 848921 473611 375310 i i 1 M.C . 1 U , 57901 3056 27341 799 450 ' 349 3572 ' 2034 ' 1538 I-'cA'-=j·m"'-s:='s='------_;._, --=N"".P"--. -1L-~U'-----'-4---1-'860.'-'-"'2"-C,L---1-'0"'1"'58"-,----'8'-'-444=------,--22'-'5"'9~'-- 1""260""- ·---99-9 - 127~~ _ _7_3_5~ _ ~9

=ns-i---·__ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~I~~~~·~~.·~~I~ j~=---___;1;~~-'-'~;ooo=-1'-"3'-'-1T+_I--- --r-'-'56'-"-'~-I---~-'-'-~'-'~-=0t-"-I _---'+-=-~_'_'~'_'I__ ~_ 1~ - ~- ~~ ~_ :;--=-_~~t-- ~: 1 , I

~A;:m:;;rit'-'-·c-sa;;::--r-_,_-=--=--=--=,-=-~~~~~~~~~~~~_+.-I _c--::U~2.-cA;;.~;: ~~u:~:~~1-~0c-=1cc1:3'=2=-~7"'r +---i'---_=54=-=_:-=3638;;~;,,_i-----'-46~:-=-7;689:~-j--: ~12,1 _=_9088~~~c-=~----'06=7-=-268=--·---=5cc1 -=-82~~c-- ·-7Q§~3! ' 3~1629 1 31~ AmriturMunicipalCor~ iM.Corp' l U i 9756951 5241271 451568 ' 113601 64238 : 49363 ' 688!!68_. __3~ 1280 , 307686 1 Abadi !laba Oarah.n Singh on Ram NIIIh II' U 1! 155; 77 ~ 78 28 19 09 86 44 , 42 ~T~irlllh~~R;~~~~~~~--~~~-O~.G~.+-~--+_--~~r_--~~----~~--~~----~,_--~~---______~~----~~ Aboodi !Iaba Jiwlln Singh on Ram Tirath I i U 1 309 171 . 138 67 41 26 94 55 ' 39 1 ~. l O. G. I, 1 Abadialong 'KhairabadonRamTirath ' u 1,12 -" ' , ~no "An ,,,'" 111 838 467 371 I--R--c~,--_on=-Aj-,·,--na_Ia,--R_oa_d______,I --=Oc.c' --:::Gc.c. --tl-..,-;--tl --:-::c:::+-I ---;;:~--=-,I--- -___J__------.~-- ______<______Village Roriwala I O. G. 1 U 1 12461 686 5601 292 157 135 293 190 103 1-'""-"-,,COm"'N"'IIJII-=. "'r o-=n-=~--:C-·n-al-a::R~~_-;~~_-_-~_-:~_--t:--:O~-'--.--:G~-'--._--r1-1_=,-=,~u:_-J'~~~~-:-1-=05i;'=~9;'~~~_-'--::5~7~3~' _=,~--"486=-=-'--"'16=2:--,-----:::8-:::2 ~-----80---595 .--'369-----ne- FAboo=d:::iMira::: '=n",kot=onc:_:1Aj C'l·rna=Ia:...:R..::"~= ____+j _-,O",.--,G::,:,+ ---"U;---t-__-;1c;; 3:;:,17~.;---__--;7 ~25~'i-- _ --=59",2=-t-_ !§_ _ ~ ____ 68_ - -Y-36-:-_- 4~ __ ~ I U 1092 607 , 4851 149: 71 1 78 607 3701 237 Colony on Jagdev Kalan R~ O. G.ill RanjitVillar ! O . G . I U I 627 i 343 , 284 07 06 01 317 . 1831 134 MrIta Kamla Devi Avenue on Flllta""hga;-----;-",--'-!'-"=-'-='-+ 1 ---'U:c---j'-----:-1-=009~1 ----=602=+-' ----'407.:-:7;---~----:6=2O:-r1------=55=--' - - 7=Q2="--47:363 1----:2-=66::Cl Churian Road I o. G. j I I ChandAvenue O.G. U 1 275 156: 119 34 ' 13 1 21 1=95=-----1"'1:::5TI----80=i 1 MohanAvenue O. G. U 947 5741 3731 1501 85 65 . 574 359' 215 _Nagar O. G. U 1760' 9891 791 , 341 . 185 156, 865 ' -=54=-=-=-2,..' _ _ ~32::c3o-l F8a=ba:._:1Oeep=-,=Si ::.:·ng""~h '-'Naga=>!=rr~:--__~ __+- O=_.'__'G:=_:.~-::U':--+----1:_::43=_7t__-_:7:::8=_1r-- 656 ' 2561 135, 121 __833 : 4831 350 Oaah""'hAYtlnueonMlljith.R~ O. G. U 1558 868: ----=690= ,-1-- 2761- 1491 127 817, 495 , 322 Nausl1era Khurd O. G. U 1007 545l_ 462 1671 901 771 508 298 210 Preet Villar O. G. U 167 96 ' 71 , 16. 13' 03 124 ' 74 ' 50 I"I!:"k'=R'-UP-'-'A'-"ven~ue------+---:O?-::GC'-. -+-~U --f----;1c;;3:;-7f--~77;+ri --- -;60:2-I--~053-' --~04'" i 01 116' 68 1 48 1 AbadiNausl1era O.G. U 1391 730' 661 1 254 , 132 1221 598 ~"'-3r-'--=-2 _;_45o-l SiM>erEatale O. G. U 93 44 1 491 11 08 ~----7 2 33c 39 Krishna Lane O. G. ' U 26 141 12 02 01 01 21 -----.:-12:------=09-o-l ViIIageMudaI O. G. l u i 4703 2540 , 2163 726: 411 ' 315 ' 2020 1186 834 !lara KhankotOoburjee 1 O. G. 1 U 1253 ~-__::5"'53:::.,...-_-:2 :::_34-;-'__ - 1-'-'3'--'1~__r·--.- 103' 585 ' 391 : 194 F","'roctori='--"'·..=-" o=n"'rig"'ht= aide'-'=--gf Qobu--I')tIe-·- G-.T-. --tI --=--=-'--+-I-7:U-+--~-=69:::;-It-! - 44 , 25 04! 03 01 ' 22 1 141 08 1 1 R~ II O. G. i U I I 1 ' ' 5241 2841 240 46 ', 26 20 118 . 71 47 Abacli Kllaala _Nagar Neer Kot Mit Singh I O. G. 1 I, 1 Village Mule Cllak O. G. _l --,U,---+-___.2004=o, ;-j- 11121____ 89,, =-2,.,., __ -,:,34::::-,-1 '_ __1:..:: 9.7,,_;__, ______1'-= 4__'_4 ~ ____7'_' 54'c'_'_: ___ 472 282 Village Kuriwal I O. G. U 1447 ---ns; 672 ' 228 ' 1241 104686=-o-=- __4O::-=-c 1:...__--=2:..::8~5 I-'T"'h:::J.""ndowa:,="'Ia=------+--'O='.--:Go-:.+---::U;---t----;1c::1 --:-1S;+- --;6:719~,~~_=,--=:4.:c_~99t:-:----.-:1:1:-;5:.~'_------:-'-'::::-6~1:'~~~~~54~::_'~~~~-'-48::-:3:--, --____=2:..::96_=r_, ___::-=-18 7 !Sa.. "'" !Shaini (AIIa"'ri..:..R=~=) ______~-§-:J---lJ--l-- 3207 1 1735 i~--_ !__£2 L _--=4='75~,----:2~56::::._---'?_2 :::19:-r---1-:-:4o::9=2'-----:8=95~1 __-=::597 Village Ghum.npura O. G. 1 U ! 2813: 1521 1 1292 450 ' 274 1761 1379 798 ~.!_ Oa~nandNgr. ~ G . I U ; 1150' 609 ' 541 \ 131 1 70 : 61 739 426 31 3 I"Am~ritsa~·~r~Ca~ntt~·------+I~C~.BC'-:-I~-'U'-'--~I---1~1~~~11r---;7~1~~~I,,----,4~1~65~1r-~12~2~8-'--, -~72~8~---~&o~----=9~1~56~--~608~7c~ __~ 300~9:~ N P U 10269, 5462 ' 4807: 1394 786 608 6755· 3857 2898 !':K:che"':-'-m:..:K..::s::r.:::snc:______---tI---;-N:-:::P::::'-+' _-"U,.--+,I _--c 1=-1;-;9:-;:38~1t-11 _~68~2:;2:+1---:-;5;-;3-;:16~!~__';_1804~~1 -~986~.::-' _-;-8;:;1;.-:8:_---,~5661 . 3582 . 20 7~ ~~~~·=------____ ---t--"M~.C~.~ 1 ---::V__ +- __34~ 4'=3~2+--~1 _=_~_'_':..::~__.o1~6-:1723~--~47254~----:2~4~3_=3._--~18~2~1~' 22484 12768 9716 ~T~a~m~T~a~~::n'------_+I -M~. C~.~--=U'----'--~5558~_=_7~1r-~2~9~1~8-;--7 ~~2",~c=~i __~67 ~4:..::9~1~~3=766~--~2:..::98~3 _ _ ~~ 2~ __~ 16~~~ Jandiala _____ ~~U 2382L _127341 11095, 2868. 1622 1246 15849 8950 6899 '''' AA ",em, '5~ 870 668 879~ , _ __4-= 8C'1.:::_5 __-"3:::.97 ,,,8~ IBudhs Thoh -- - I-. '(

68 Table -1 Population, child population in the age-group 0-6 and literates by residence and sex - State, District, UAlCityrrown, 2001 ~------1------~------.------r ------1--____ ------.~- -~--- --.- --~- - -- __L ---- ~------~----

StateiOlstric:tlUAICity ITown Civic Totau Population Child population In the Uterates status RuraU age group 0-6 of the Urban City/ Town

PERSONT MALE IFEMALE PERSONI MALE I FEMALE PERSON I MALE I FEMALE I 2 I 3 4 I 5 I 6 1 I 8 I 9 10 1 11 T 12

KAPURTHALA DISTRICT r 752297 398878 353409 90672 51089 39583 48$659 273556 213. 10~ R 50714a 265889 241259 63773 35968 27W5 3128e8 175312 137496 U 2451:39 132989 112150 2.6899 15121 11778 173791 98184 70007

JAlANDHAR DISTRICT T 195a~ 1037740 91&768 218993 121861 97132 1351440 75436$ 15&'1011 R 1026535 539033 487502 121622 57344 54278 673350 378026 296324 V 926973 498707 428266 97371 54517 42854 678090 316343 301747

BhogPur ______~~ _ u 13893_ __~0346 6547 1581 931 650 J_q_364___ _ 577_7 _ . ~ ~c:tampu! _ M.C U 16620 6652 7968 _ 2r:fJ?' __ 1119 - - 8M- 12647 6815 __ ___5_83~ ~~Ipur ______JoI.:_C c _ U 7172 3760 3412 . _ ~57___ 487 370~ 5240 , ~8iE _ __2_35~ ~rtarpu_r:______M ~ __U ~ _=_~ ~5152:_ _ - 1 ~= ___11~~ . __2908 1627 1281 __1_7_~17 ___~~ - _ ____]]_~ Jalandhar UA U 109255 381116 328139 12589 40681 31902 521468 291760 235708 7alandhar-MuniCipal -c;,p;,r;,ion _. M COrp _ U --ici1i23 - 3769i5~ - 324200 ' - )1619 _ 40147 - 31472 - 52-'-808 --288583 · 233225 ~i

HOs;!IARPUR DISTRICT T 1478045 163763 714292 179199 99313 80416 1056804 517880 418924. R 1187401 609798 577803 14al02 81710 66392 832381 ,4:54754 3Tr.fizi U 200644 153955 136689 316&7 17003 14084 224423 12312.6 101297 Mukeriim M.C. U 21379 11181 10100-:- - 231-1" - 1200' - -,g --16520..L--8007 7553 H_~~ _ __ . ______S J C:_~= U=--=-== _?_~----2796 2570 583 339. 244 4189 2272 1917 J!I~'! --_.-- ______Q c_ _ U _2_2_5!10_ __ 1.194a : ~1.:.~ _ __1_ ~~_ ~7 . 9882 8115 Dasua M.C. U 20118' 10476' 9642 ' 2169 1205 964 15283! 8228 : 7055 GardhiWala- -. ------M ~C U 6263 3277 _ 2966_: _ 636 ' -----noT 306 ~22 : 2713 ' 2209 .g.~:r!_l1~ ______M.C. U 22115' . 11486 10629 -252a: --14i5'--- m 3 - 1 6472--8894"--i578 Hariana M.C. U 7813 4097 3716 886 465 421 5946 , 3240. 2706 Chahal CT U ~~~--+ 3028: 1179' 617 . 562 5300. 3435 ' 1865 :;-~Jl~~~ r:- -=----=-_~-~·~-·=-=-_:__ M ~_·. __U_ 148243' 78946 ' ~2~~ __ _1_5§2_§ 8714 691211614763601 52546 Shamch'!urasi ______MC U 4221 ' 2212 ' 2009 ' 544 1 272 272 ---2913 , 1656' 1257 !t-8~r______NP U 10019' 5248 4771 ' 1044 ' _ _ ~sg.: ___ 488 7673 4213 ' 3460 ~~""'~~~" M ______.______~

6f; Table - 1 Population, child population In the ag~roup 0-6 and literates by residence and sex - State, District, UAfCltyfTown, 2001 1 1 StateIDIatrictIltylTown Civic: TotaIli PopulatIon Child population In the Ut.ratee statua Rurall age group 0-6 of the Urban City/ Town

PERSON MALE (FEMALE PERSON MALE FEMALE PERSON MALE FEMALE 2 3 4 It I 8 7 8 9 10 11 12

, 1 1 < t < >1.8813'( ' • ..~ : 280051 <. 88001 381211· 30881 391143 <224612 1n231 < ..... » >.. .. « ...... • R •..•••• ~ . . 26a64 < ~i::i4 · 2;: < 59999 ' 33t~ .338668 . <19215.8 1AS51() < • : < <. '" ><.« .> u.•.• .• .• •.. ~ ..• "'i2~ . ~i ' 4O~t • $;75 ~nl ! ~ l · 32~ · 'Banga M.C. U 18892 9810 i 9082 , 1949 1091 1 858 : 142341 7608 6626 Nawanshahr U.A. U 31901 18700, 15201 , 3488 1909 1579 23891 ' 13118 10773 ~hr M.C. U 30933 , 16134! 14799. 3359 , 1828' 1531 . 23354· 12775 10579 , , I 1 Abedi on lIengII Road & Sugar Mill Colony O.G. U 842 499! 3431 1091 69' 40 4961 318; 178 T oor Colony on SllIoh Road O.G. U 126 67 59 20 12 08 , 41 1 25 16 I L__._. 1 1 Rlhon M.C. U 120461 6320 : 5726: 13731 748 625 8715 4811 · 3904 Bfllechilur N.P. U 18106 9532 , 85741 2198' 1243· 955 i 12335: 69171 5418 ~, I 1 . -~ - -- r------_+----+---~r_---_r---~------+_----+_-----+_---~ .. -----l---_+----_4 ; 1 I I I R~DI;sTRICT < ...... T . 1Hoooo 4Qa8 618282 13U31 7&734 60897 183330 . 4.38428 ' . 328902 ...... <. ... R Ao1092 ~10 !)6826 ' . 54118 > < t_ 42648 486i4s5 •• i82~2 < 2Cl4093 ...... >:.:.: .: U :< ..... :3EiQ33e :

Nanga! U.A. U 46315 23888 21429 49S7 ; 2766 2191 ' 35235. 1M52 , 115783

1 1 AnIIndplJrSllhib M.C. ' U 13888 7422 . 6484 : 1747 ' 935 812 ~ 10099 5697 . 4402 Nehon C.T.- U 10158 5n7i 4431 1112 625' 487 8005 4760 3245 RuPMQllr M.C."" U 48165 2~ 22602 , 5370 29521 2418' 36014: 19816 16198 M.C.,; U 23039 12304' 10735' 2748 1524, 1224 16774 9371 , 7403 Morinelll M.C.'" U 21788 11523 10265 2460 1377 1083 15252 1 8499 1 6753 Mullanpur- Garibdas C.T." U 6143 3282 2861 827, 439, 388 4406~ 2484 · 1922 K.ror.n C.T:I U 20351 11380 8971 3026 16521 1374 13317 83191 4998 Kharar UA U 42415 22923 19592 4733 2634 ' 2089 31643 17829: 13815 Khal'llr M.C.I U 39410 21201 18209 4355 ' 2423 1932 29727 166961 13031 ~her O.G. U 3005 ' 1622 1383 378 211 167i 1916, 1132 : 784 S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali) M.C _.! U 123284 65570: 57714 12810 7216 5594 102188 55590 46598 Sha".t C.T..I U 5794 3086 2n8 815 436 ~ 379 3942 22sOl 1692

! I a61446 200524 .· ' 150922 244671 13ss47 .104824 106775 60677 •••. ~

Khamanon N.P. U 8876 4904 39n ' 999 556 : 443 6176 3528 i 2648 m UA U 80872 34024 28648 7831 , 4254! 3377 1 41887 : 24203 , 17494 Gobindgarh M.e. U 55416 31030 24386 6795' 3790 3005i 38512 ' 22249 16283 IIqb.lColony O.G. U 578 311 , 267 81 1 42 39: 359· 202 ' 157 Fs.M~t~~~rr ______~ O~.~G~.1-~U __~ ~2~586~ __~ 1~~~ _ __1~ ~~~~405~jr-1 ~2~43~. __~ 1 =62~. __~ 1~649~; ___ 1~O~39~,~ __~ 6~10~ lo.up Nap< O.G. U 2092 ' 1180i 912 350L 179, 171 ' 1167 713 454 I 1 Amloh M.C. U 12686: 67881 5898 1560 · 871' 683 ' 8884 ' 5046 Simind - F~ SIIhib M.C. I U 50788 23443 i 8334' 3591 : 2743 35813' 20188 15625 M.C. I U I 16547 9694 ' 8653 1939 1132 807 14215 7712

70 Table - 1 Population, child population in the age-group ~ and literates by residence and sex - State, District, UAiCityrrown, 2001 --.------,----,----,---~~~c--,_~~_r----._I ---,------,-I ---,----~ 1 1 1 StMalDiWic:tlUAlCitylTown Civic TotaU Child population In the L.IteratM statu. R&rll1I age group 0-8 of the Urblln City/ Town

PERSON MALE j_ FEMALE PERSON MALE FEMALE PERSON MALE FEMALE J 2 3 4 6 I 8 7 a 9 10 11 12

1 1 LucI1iana Municipal CorponItion M.Corp.1 U 1395053 789868 605185 163209 89758 73451 981812 1 570096 411776 14607 7689 6918 5675 i 60106 31722 28384 1 22612 18409 6600 3451 3149 2634 . 2205 Raikol ' M.C. U 24738 13014 11724 2946 1618 1328 16345 91101 7160 3792 3368 4935 2112 Payal M.C. U 7267 3878 3389 923 533 390 4756 2631 ! 2125 Khanna M.C. U 103059 55290 47769 11914 6580 5334 74021 41387 1 32634 Doraha M.C. U 18975 10592 8383 2293 1305 988 13400 7836 \ 5564 5.""_., N.P. U 17248 9272 7976 2031 1166 865 10590 5977 1 4613 17610 9336 8274 7067 1 5598 183631 9730 1 6633 r 6268 · 4823 1 i __l I 1 . • .. .. - j .J . J :" ':':':::::::: T :: <_1:/ .from 1 41MC1" 1 .: R :: ~2 37.~ :' 332798 ::: :::: (j :: <171$:'$( ::::< ~ I I:i~ :: 1 1 Oharamkol M.C. M.C. U 15399 8162 1 7237 1923 1079 844 ' 9803 4295 Moga UA U 134242 71996 62248 15116 92M 6822 1 90899 : 50537 ' 40362 Moga M.e. U 57781 13984 7670 6314 1 47427 37913 , 124624 66843 85340' L.andeloe (Amrilur Roed) O.G. U 6735 3628 3107 742 427 315 1 2143 1766 0.._ (~i_ Roed) C .G . U 2883 1525 1358 390 197 193 i 1650\ 967 1 683

Baaha Purana N.P. U 21617 11358 10259 2718 1550 1168 1 13420 ' 7380 1 6040 Bact!ni Kalan I.. NP. U ...... 63731 3312 3061 716 382 ~R . .<: :1': :< :::< 11447SS ...... DIsTRIcT...... » . <.. 120iC)::...... <: 81es7S <2_1 131013 :: > It .< 1~ .:.: ~ .: . :: ~iq.m i~ ill1829 1 V ·< ::::: ~ : : 242!503 ::: . ~:r_ :: ::: ~$$ : 31184 I M.khu N.P. U 12173 6362 5811 1707 918 789 [ 7397 : 4132 [ 3265 lira i U.A. U 31778 18609 1 16169 4192 2319 1873 ! 19877 1 10983 1 Zira 1 M.C. U 31350 16399 14951 4125 2287 1838 19638 10866 8772 GadriMla on Zira-Firazepur Road O.G. U 428 210 218 67 32 35 239 127 112 ratwandi Bhai 1 M.C. U 14570 7697 6873 2004 1113 891 9122 5108 4014 Fiozpur M.C. U 95451 50561 44890 10550 5919 4631 67641 37095 Firozpur Cantt. I C.B. · U 57418 34393 23025 6494 3555 43239 27571 15668 M.C. U 14348 7567 6781 1913 1050 863 8731 4885 3846

Jalalabad UA U 32934 17569 15375 4170 2350 1820 22277 12337 Jalalabad M.C. U 2N46 14607 1313Q 3399 1900 1499 19557 10705 8852 I!xtended Ar_ II!Ioc:k No. 22 O.G. U 4968 2752 2236 771 450 321 2720 1832 1088

Fazilka M.C. U 67424 35321 32103 8837 4759 3878 45541 25508 20033 M.C. U 124303 66434 57869 18589 9201 7388 80535 46869

71 r-- , ~- --- - 1 ': 'i, ' J r Table -1 Population, child population in the age-group 0-6 and literates by residence and sex - State, District, UA/CityfTown, 2001 ~------'----r-----'---=;::~~~j_~_'_'-""'-"-'r-: -~'l - ~-,------;-~----'I----~I-~ C------~~ ------t---t------t-- --ti---tl---t----t----'- 1 I StateiOistrictlUAICitylTown Civic TotaU Population Child population in the Literates status RuraU age group 0-6 of the Urban City/ Town

PERSON I MALE I FEMALE PERSONI MALE I FEMALE PERSON I MALE I FEMALE I 2 3 4 I 5 I 6 7 I 8 I 9 10 I 11 I 12 I 1 MUKTSAR DISTRICT 101n4 <5630Q 45424 396Q30 ' ~4364 1&16$6 R , , 578507 ' 306458 272049 ,' 76678 42371 34307 2714.77 ' 1e3320 >108157 U > 198195 , l{)5zea 92932 <256 !) / 1 ' 485 , 1W 'IW ,;v 42'< ~56 166

~otKa~~ ______~~ Mc__.C'_'.~~U~~~807.~4~1 ~~4~2~8~20~~3~79~2~1~, ~1~04~09~, _-=5~786~~_4~6~2_'_3_· _~495~2~5 ~;~2~80~2~6 ~1 __~2~14~994 J aitu UA U 33459 ' 17680 ' 15779 ' 4300 2396 1904 : 20680 · 11826 ' 8854-

;:_~ L~~~'!'i ___ -=== ____- --1 t'_____"~:..:_;=_. ~-L: _-_~,,--_~,----r-_--_3___:2~::.::. ~:..:- 1_~ · _--_--_1 -___:7~=2_;_·~_-_--_1 ___'~;=-'- h:c=6"-;-_:___-_~_-2_;._;;__1:--2-34-'~-;.-~-_, -_-_1_-8-=~=:==:20=~:3=~:j' == 1=1=~=;~:;'= _--_ 8_7-=:4

SA THINDA DISTRICT 1181236 633149 547987 145611 .' 81173 " 63738 ' 637048 316695 · >260353 R 829447 444126 385321 1049ff ' >Se688 46289 4006i1 Z40737 .. >,5ges4: l! 351789 189123 162666 •• 40534 23005 .· 17449 236427 " ~ '3595s >., ,~ ) i Go~iana __------~-----+--.,-M-,--Ccc--. -i----".------12"'8cc1-=-2+-:-- c=::c:-'---5==94:-:-::3+-.I ---:-1 -:C4~ 878+-----600::=-----9=-1:-::09:-:.--L·- --::5:-:-1:::::i!J-----:3=-=9c2.:-::i U 6869 82 7 -~ ------4_2~~~~-+---~==~-~~~--~~~~~~-~~-~~-~~~-~~-~~~ E3_hisiat'1_B______-l-C",_.'-'.T-'--. ~ _ U__ j_ _£75: _ _2835 i _ 1940 i 723 i 412 311 3560, _ :-::2c:22-:-:2:-tU_--:-:1:-c3c::38-:i Rampura Phul ! U.A. ! U ! 44661 : 23763 1 20898 - ~-53=2C::3+-----::-30::-:0:-::1_;_' -----=23'""2=2- - -=-=2sii04T 16523 1 12481 Rampura Phul M.C. 1 U 42820 i 227581 20062 ' 5021 : 2846 , 2175 28126: 159681 12158 Jawahar Nagar on Rampura-Bathinda " 1 Road O.G. U 759 ' 411 1 348 1 135' 77 58 ' 310 113 Dnhmeah Nagar on Rampura-Mehraj , ~ad a .G. i U 360~ _-'1-=99"+-1 __--' 1-=6~1 l-1_--,54~I __---, 2::.:7'-' __-' 2::.:7___ ' __-' 1 ~90"_J! __1~1"'9_ +l' ___7'- 1'--1 O~~~r~~~m~G~a~n~d~hi~N~ag~a~r~on~p~~~O~R~~~d~i -,o~.~G:_.~i_~U'--+-___ ~72~2~i ____~3~95 ~I ___~ 3~27~ __1. ~1~3+: ___5~1 ~1 ____6= 2~ __ ~3~78~1__ ~ 2~3=9+1 ___ ~139~ !; 1 i ' BhuchoMandi : M.C . · U 13183 6999 ' 6184 , 1758 ~~ ~_767 _ 8331 ' 4852 ' 3479 sa-thi-nda------, ~LJi-- 2Ti389 r___m3s::-:9:-+--1c--:OOO~30=--=-----2=-3604=-=--- 13512 ' 10092 152761 · 87763 ' 64998

Sangat M.C. U 53961 2851 1 25451 711 t 415 296 : 2828 1621 1207 Raman M.C. ' U 195491 10357 9192 ~ 2487: 1384 1103 11432 : 6355 ' 5077 Kot Fatta M.e . U 8493 34271 3066: 882 i 480 402 3327' 1973 1354 I-'-M':=a::_u'--'r = ------.+1·. -'M==-=.C"-. -+-~U:__+---:2=-=7:::5-=-31=-'1---1--'466=3::-'i--1: :2:-::::868-+-- 3568 i 2012 , 1556-:- 16075 9467 , 6608 I i MANSA DISTRICT .' . T . 688630 . . . 361197 221433,. 84512 53111 41395 31189.11 . 186686 126210. ". R $46~4a 291380 ' 254l;!68 7so5O 42718 33332 22~31 134947 '. ~ u 1423e2 . 75&17 . ~ 1~ 10399 8063 .a82'84 50738 . 37529

Bhikhi N P. I U 150781 7983 ' 7095 : 2170 1244 ' 926 8014 ' 4586 : 3428 ~M?a~n~u~ ______~ M~. C~. ~,_____"U,--_,_~ 72~ ' 38733 33875' 8635) 4921 3714 47211 : 27076' 20135 ' M.C. i U 23499 ' 12423' 110761 3099 1397 90431 6851 Baretta M.C. ' U 14882 7900 ' 6982 ' 1192 , 918 8344 · 4885 ' 3459 Sardu/garh N.P. U 16315· 8778 i 75371 1340 8801 5148 , 3653

7') Table· 1 Population, child population In the ag~roup 0-6 and literates by residence and sex· Sf m , District, UAlCltyfTown,2oo1 1 1 1 1 -- -c------r--- - t------+---II---l----+j--+-1--+---+-1-+--- t ---~- - --!-----I StatalDIatrk:tIUAlCltyrrown Civic TotaU Population Child population in tha Uterates status Rural/ age group 0-6 of the Urban City/ Town

PERSON MALE FEMALE PERSON MALE FEMALE PERSON MALE FEMALE 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

...... 1 ...... 1 I ~~RllIST:~T : J ~= . 1j= i :stJ: ~= .. ~~~~ . )::1= .. ~ .. i =~ ..... • >. •••• > >: >: :••• v ·.·.··.·.· 584&20.·.· 3i3811 · >: ~ !~® ••• i3002. » 4109Z . < 326Hi · >358239 < ~i : : ~~lii# 1

M.C. u 14946 13001 32181 Ah~rh 2~ 7 1 ~ -1-CC405c-=I5C.,...-I_· · -·-c·1· 797~-1c=5+-1 -1-,.1 -,.-100=+---:-86-=-1=l5 Male!1

Nabha M.C. U 61953 32994 28959 6390 3491 2899 45972 26034 19938 Ghegga N.P. U 8212 4327 3885_ 1210 644 568 3999 2404 1595 N.P. U 22170 11681 10489 2925 1688 1237 14376 8080 6296 Samana M.C. U 46509 24485 22024 5850 3193 2657 30537 17126 13411 Sanaur M.C. U 17938 9617 8321 2171 1262 909 11301 6474 4827

Patiala UA U 323309 173412 149897 31753 17892 13861 248053 137920 110133 Patiala Municipal C M.Corp. U 302870 162465 140405 29704 16739 12965 232195 129051 103144 Hira BlIgh Colony C.G. U 2411 1399 1012 294 170 124 1768 1085 681 Gujan C.G. U 1417 746 671 121 64 57 1193 675 518 Grid Colony pseB on I!Ihad8on Road C.G. U 2403 1294 1109 282 145 137 1504 884 620 Punjabi Univeraity C.G. U 2322 1206 1116 96 58 38 2117 1108 1009 Urtlanl!~ C.G. U 4028 2089 1939 400 220 180 3431 1861 1570 Urtlane~1 d.G. U 4289 2281 2008 454 251 203 3390 1835 1555 Ranjll Nagar~-I C.G. U 1846 994 852 207 133 74 1397 792 605 Ranjit Nagar I!xIension-II C.G. U 1723 938 785 195 112 83 1060 629 431

73 Table ·1 Population, child population in the age-group ().6 and literates by ....Id.nc. and sex· State, District,

. . UAlCIty~.! 2001 .- I I' I I StateiDlstrictlUAlCltyrrown Civic Totall Poputdon ChIld population In the ILII8nItea statui RuraU .~()..6 of the Urban Cltyl Town

PERSON MALE FEMALE PERSON MALE (FEMALE PERSON MALE I FEMALE 1 2 3 4 6 8 7 8 L 9 10 I 11 I 12 1 . Shekhpura C.T. U 1932 1019 913 232 122 110 13!_6L__ !~01 _ _::~ Rurl