E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 108 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 149 WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2003 No. 146 Senate The Senate met at 9 a.m. and was we were able to reach an agreement ity leader his plans for the conference. called to order by the President pro which has put us in a position to finish Obviously, I have noted, both to him tempore (Mr. STEVENS). this bill today. Following the early se- personally as well as publicly, that be- quence of votes, the chairman will be fore we are able to go to conference, we PRAYER working on either clearing or sched- need to have assurances that the The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- uling for votes the other pending Democrats will be at the table and that fered the following prayer: amendments. we will be working in conference, un- Let us pray. In addition, under the order there are like what is now happening on energy O God, our rock, our fortress, and our a few other amendments that may yet as well as prescription drugs and other deliverer, the author and fountain of be offered. I ask those Senators who bills. So I will talk with him through all truth, Your name is holy and You still intend to offer amendments to today on that and hope to reach some are worthy of our praise. Thank You share those amendments with both accommodation with regard to the im- for Your love and power. You have been sides so they can be reviewed. This will portance of having a full conference on better to us, Lord, than we deserve. We be helpful and allow us to schedule any this bill, given the differences that now thank You for unmerited mercies that necessary debate and votes in a timely exist between the Senate and House are new each day. You have kept us way today. versions of the legislation. from falling and our enemies have not The Senate will finish the bill today. I look forward to the votes ahead and prevailed. Purify not only our words We will remain in session until it is appreciate everybody’s help. but our thoughts, that our lives will be complete. A busy session is expected, f acceptable to You. and I ask for Members’ patience as we Bless our Senators as they labor for approach the final hours of this bill. I RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME liberty. May they remember to call on remind my colleagues they should re- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. TAL- Your name during moments of per- main close to the Chamber throughout ENT). Under the previous order, the plexity. Give them Your wisdom, and today’s session to allow us to finish at leadership time is reserved. make them fruitful in their efforts to the earliest hour. f do Your will. And, Lord, sustain our During this morning’s series of votes, military people who are in harm’s way. all votes after the first will be 10 min- EMERGENCY SUPPLEMENTAL AP- We pray this in Your holy name. utes in length. We will be closing these PROPRIATIONS FOR IRAQ AND Amen. votes quickly, and it is imperative that AFGHANISTAN SECURITY AND Members remain in or around the Sen- RECONSTRUCTION ACT, 2004 f ate Chamber to avoid missing a vote. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE Having said that, I believe we are the previous order, the Senate will re- The PRESIDENT pro tempore led the ready to begin, and I thank Members sume consideration of S. 1689, which Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: for their patience and cooperation dur- the clerk will report. I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the ing this busy morning. The legislative clerk read as follows: United States of America, and to the Repub- f A bill (S. 1689) making emergency supple- lic for which it stands, one nation under God, RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY mental appropriations for Iraq and Afghani- indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. stan security and reconstruction for the fis- LEADER f cal year ending September 30, 2004, and for The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The other purposes. RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY minority leader is recognized. Pending: LEADER Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I Byrd/Durbin amendment No. 1819, to pro- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The thank everyone who has worked with hibit the use of Iraq Relief and Reconstruc- majority leader is recognized. us to get to this point. We have had a tion Funds for low-priority activities that f very good debate. We have many should not be the responsibility of United amendments to be considered today. I States taxpayers, and shift $600 million from SCHEDULE hope we can have a good debate on the Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund to Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, this morn- those that are yet to be offered. Defense Operations and Maintenance, Army, for significantly improving efforts to secure ing we will be proceeding immediately We have tried to protect Senators and destroy conventional weapons, such as to a series of stacked votes on some of who have indicated a desire yet to offer bombs, bomb materials, small arms, rocket- the pending amendments to the Iraq- amendments following the stacked propelled grenades, and shoulder-launched Afghanistan supplemental. Last night, votes. I need to discuss with the major- missiles, in Iraq.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.000 S17PT1 S12770 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Bond/Mikulski amendment No. 1825, to pro- tween their pay as activated members NAYS—3 vide additional VA Medical Care Funds for of the military and what they would Inhofe Kyl Nickles the Department of Veterans Affairs. have earned with the Federal Govern- NOT VOTING—1 Durbin amendment No. 1837, to ensure that ment. a Federal employee who takes leave without Lieberman We know we are asking the Guard pay in order to perform certain service as a The amendment (No. 1837) was agreed member of the uniformed services or member and Reserve to accept greater and of the National Guard shall continue to re- longer responsibilities, with more hard- to. ceive pay in an amount which, when taken ship for their families. I would like to Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move together with the pay and allowances such make it clear with a record vote this to reconsider the vote and to lay that individual is receiving for such service, will morning that we want the Federal Gov- motion on the table. be no less than the basic pay such individual ernment to serve as an example for The motion to lay on the table was would then be receiving if no interruption in agreed to. employment had occurred. governments across America to stand behind the men and women in uniform, Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask Daschle amendment No. 1854, to achieve unanimous consent that Senator SAR- the most effective means of reconstructing to make up their difference in pay, BANES be added as a cosponsor of my Iraq and to reduce the future costs to the stand by their families, as they risk American taxpayer of such reconstruction by their lives to serve our country. amendment. ensuring broad-based international coopera- I urge my colleagues to give this a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tion for this effort. strong, overwhelming vote so the con- objection, it is so ordered. Reid (for Landrieu) amendment No. 1859, to ference will stand behind it and this AMENDMENT NO. 1854 promote the establishment of an Iraq Recon- will become the law of the land. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under struction Finance Authority and the use of the previous order, there are now 2 Iraqi oil revenues to pay for reconstruction Mr. STEVENS. Have the yeas and in Iraq. nays been requested? minutes evenly divided on the Daschle Boxer modified amendment No. 1843, to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The yeas amendment No. 1854. make retroactive the relief of hospitalized and nays have not been requested. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, this members of the uniformed services from the Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask for amendment will cap future funds for obligation to pay for food and subsistence the yeas and nays. reconstruction unless the President while hospitalized. certifies that additional funds are Reid (for Chafee/Leahy) modified amend- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a sufficient second? ‘‘equal to or exceeded by’’ an amount ment No. 1807, to provide for humanitarian contributed by members of the inter- assistance and reconstruction in Liberia. There appears to be a sufficient sec- Durbin amendment No. 1879, to provide ond. national community. The President funds for the prevention, treatment, and con- The yeas and nays were ordered. may waive the requirement if he deems trol of, and research on HIV/AIDS. Mr. STEVENS. I call to the attention it in the interest of national security. Corzine amendment No. 1882, to establish a of the Senate there will be a normal But part of this money is money for re- National Commission on the Development construction and development of Iraq. and Use of Intelligence Related to Iraq. time limit on this amendment. All amendments thereafter will be limited The amendment will potentially im- AMENDMENT NO. 1837 to 10 minutes, with 2 minutes equally pact on the momentum for reconstruc- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under divided, 1 minute each before each tion which, as we have said, is critical the previous order, there are now 2 amendment. I urge Senators to stay in to bringing our troops home as soon as minutes evenly divided prior to a vote the Chamber so we can move on this possible. I don’t think you can have it on the Durbin amendment No. 1837. bill as rapidly as possible. both ways. I don’t think you can sup- The Senator from Alaska. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The port the troops for military operations Mr. STEVENS. This amendment question is on agreeing to the amend- and oppose reconstruction efforts. would require Federal agencies to pay ment. The yeas and nays have been or- At the appropriate time I intend to any difference between military pay dered. The clerk will call the roll. move to table the amendment. and civilian compensation for employ- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The legislative clerk called the roll. ees of the Federal Government who are ator from South Dakota. Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- called to active duty. We have concerns Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, the es- ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) about requiring all Federal agencies to sence of this amendment is really very is necessarily absent. absorb the cost of implementing this simple. We have to demonstrate at The result was announced—yeas 96, program. The Congressional Budget Of- some point that we are not alone, that nays 3, as follows: fice estimates the initial cost is $80 we have help from the international million this year. [Rollcall Vote No. 390 Leg.] community. We are going to have com- We have not opposed this amend- YEAS—96 mitted this year $166 billion in help for ment. I offered to take it to conference. Akaka DeWine Lincoln Iraq. That may be unprecedented. I The authors have demanded a vote. I Alexander Dodd Lott don’t know of another time in all of Allard Dole Lugar will not oppose the vote. I intend to Allen Domenici McCain history when we have committed that work with the two authorization com- Baucus Dorgan McConnell much money to one country in 1 year. mittees that have jurisdiction over this Bayh Durbin Mikulski What this simply says is that from Bennett Edwards Miller matter, the Senate Armed Services and Biden Ensign Murkowski here on out, after that $166 billion is Governmental Affairs Committees, to Bingaman Enzi Murray committed, the President needs to go ensure this is the appropriate policy to Bond Feingold Nelson (FL) to the international community and address the Guard and Reserve reten- Boxer Feinstein Nelson (NE) make the case and ask for help. That is Breaux Fitzgerald Pryor tion. I believe it will be modified in Brownback Frist Reed all it does. It says we have to get some conference. Bunning Graham (FL) Reid additional help from the international The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Burns Graham (SC) Roberts community after we have expended the Byrd Grassley Rockefeller ator from Illinois. Campbell Gregg Santorum $166 billion. But even if we don’t get it, Mr. DURBIN. Of the nearly 1.2 mil- Cantwell Hagel Sarbanes the President can come back and cer- lion members of the National Guard Carper Harkin Schumer tify that it is still in our national in- and Reserve, 120,000, or 10 percent, are Chafee Hatch Sessions terest for us to dedicate more of Amer- Chambliss Hollings Shelby Federal employees; 14,000 Federal em- Clinton Hutchison Smith ican resources to this effort. ployees are currently mobilized and Cochran Inouye Snowe I hope our colleagues on both sides of serving on active duty. We ask with Coleman Jeffords Specter the aisle will support the amendment. Collins Johnson Stabenow this amendment that the Federal Gov- Conrad Kennedy Stevens The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ernment treat its employees the way Cornyn Kerry Sununu question is on agreeing to the amend- State after State after State has de- Corzine Kohl Talent ment. cided to treat them. If they are acti- Craig Landrieu Thomas Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move Crapo Lautenberg Voinovich vated, we will make up the difference Daschle Leahy Warner to table the amendment, and I ask for in their lost pay, the difference be- Dayton Levin Wyden the yeas and nays.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.003 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12771 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a funds must come from revenues from I would have preferred to give the sufficient second? Iraqi oil production. President the option to set up the Iraq There appears to be a sufficient sec- They could not spend any State De- Reconstruction Authority rather than ond. partment money. They could not spend requiring him to as the amendment The question is on agreeing to the any Defense Department money—no does, and I would have preferred giving motion to table amendment No. 1854. funds except from moneys secured the authority the option to The clerk will call the roll. through oil production. collateralize oil rather than requiring The assistant legislative clerk called This is another one of those amend- it to do so. However, I believe that the the roll. ments that will slow down the momen- Senator from Louisiana has written Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- tum of reconstruction in Iraq and real- her amendment in such a way that it ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) ly is another amendment that possibly meets my fundamental concern that we is necessarily absent. will delay the return of our troops. not be perceived as attempting to The result was announced—yeas 55, I intend at the proper time to make ‘‘steal’’ Iraqi oil. nays 44, as follows: a motion to table this amendment. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. [Rollcall Vote No. 391 Leg.] seeks recognition? The Senator from CHAFFEE). The Senator’s time has ex- YEAS—55 Louisiana. pired. Alexander DeWine McConnell Ms. LANDRIEU. I thank the Chair. Ms. LANDRIEU. Senator LEVIN, Sen- Allard Dole Miller Mr. President, with all due respect to ator DORGAN, and Senator STABENOW Allen Domenici Murkowski the chairman, who is doing a good job Bennett Ensign Nickles offer this amendment for the Senate’s Bingaman Enzi Roberts of leading us through this bill, I say consideration. Bond Fitzgerald Santorum emphatically this amendment is in line Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move Breaux Frist Sessions with Security Council Resolution 1483, to table the amendment and ask for Brownback Graham (SC) Shelby Bunning Grassley which was drafted in large measure by the yeas and nays, and I ask that the Smith Burns Gregg this administration when we lifted the Snowe Chair instruct the clerks to deliver to Campbell Hagel Specter sanctions on Iraq. Resolution 1483 the Chair this vote at the end of 10 Chafee Hatch Chambliss Hutchison Stevens passed by the Security Council was a minutes. Cochran Inhofe Sununu U.S.-led effort. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Coleman Kyl Talent This resolution says we should use sufficient second? Collins Landrieu Thomas the oil reserves in Iraq for Iraq’s recon- There appears to be a sufficient sec- Cornyn Lott Voinovich ond. Craig Lugar Warner struction. This resolution says we Crapo McCain should ask Iraq to be a partner, not a The question is on agreeing to the begger. This resolution says we should motion to table amendment No. 1859. NAYS—44 not create a welfare state in Iraq but The clerk will call the roll. Akaka Durbin Levin we should create a strong and vibrant Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- Baucus Edwards Lincoln ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) Bayh Feingold Mikulski democracy. Biden Feinstein Murray Iraq, at conservative estimates, can is necessarily absent. Boxer Graham (FL) Nelson (FL) generate $40 billion a year, and it could The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there Byrd Harkin Nelson (NE) go up to $100 billion a year. any other Senators in the Chamber de- Cantwell Hollings Pryor Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I rise in siring to vote? Carper Inouye Reed Clinton Jeffords support of the Landrieu amendment. The result was announced—yeas 52, Reid Conrad Johnson nays 47, as follows: Rockefeller The amendment would require the Corzine Kennedy Sarbanes President to direct the Coalition Provi- [Rollcall Vote No. 392 Leg.] Daschle Kerry Dayton Kohl Schumer sional Authority in Iraq to establish, YEAS—52 Dodd Lautenberg Stabenow in consultation with the Iraqi Gov- Alexander Ensign Murkowski Dorgan Leahy Wyden erning Council or a successor entity in Allard Enzi Nelson (NE) Bennett Feingold Nickles NOT VOTING—1 Iraq, an Iraq Reconstruction Finance Bingaman Fitzgerald Roberts Lieberman Authority. The authority would be re- Bond Frist Santorum quired to obtain financing for the re- Brownback Graham (SC) The motion was agreed to. Sessions construction of Iraq’s infrastructure Bunning Grassley Shelby Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move Burns Gregg Smith from three sources: First, issuing secu- Chafee Hagel to reconsider the vote, and I move to Snowe rities or other financial instruments; Chambliss Hatch Specter lay that motion on the table. Cochran Hutchison second, international loans; and third, Stevens The motion to lay on the table was collateralizing this debt with revenue Coleman Inhofe agreed to. Collins Kyl Sununu from future sales of Iraqi oil. Talent The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Craig Lott This amendment does not require a Crapo Lugar Thomas ate will be in order. single dollar of Iraqi oil revenue to be DeWine McCain Voinovich Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, we paid to the United States to reimburse Dole McConnell Warner Domenici Miller have a 10-minute limit and that vote us for the substantial costs we have al- went over again. ready paid and will continue to pay to NAYS—47 The next amendment is the Landrieu stabilize and rebuild Iraq. Instead, it Akaka Dayton Lautenberg amendment. establishes a body in Iraq that would Allen Dodd Leahy Baucus Dorgan Levin AMENDMENT NO. 1859 be designed to use future oil receipts as Bayh Durbin Lincoln The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under collateral to fund Iraq’s reconstruction Biden Edwards Mikulski the previous order, there are now 2 after the $20 billion in this bill is ex- Boxer Feinstein Murray Breaux Graham (FL) minutes of debate equally divided prior pended. That is a critical distinction Nelson (FL) Byrd Harkin Pryor to the vote on the Landrieu amend- Campbell Hollings and it is why I am supporting this Reed Cantwell Inouye ment No. 1859. amendment. Reid Carper Jeffords The Senator from Alaska is recog- Because of the huge investments that Rockefeller Clinton Johnson nized. will be required to increase Iraqi oil Conrad Kennedy Sarbanes Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, on Oc- output beyond pre-war levels of 2.5 to 3 Cornyn Kerry Schumer Corzine Kohl Stabenow tober 14, an amendment offered by the million barrels per day, we should not Wyden Senator from North Dakota was tabled expect that collateralizing future oil Daschle Landrieu by a vote of 57–39. This is a similar receipts will significantly impact the NOT VOTING—1 amendment. huge investments that we will continue Lieberman This amendment states that no fur- to have to make even after we pass this The motion was agreed to. ther funds will be committed for recon- bill. Iraqi oil is not the bonanza that it Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move struction beyond those in the under- was advertised to be by some in the ad- to reconsider the vote, and I move to lying bill; all future reconstruction ministration prior to the war. lay that motion on the table.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.007 S17PT1 S12772 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 The motion to lay on the table was Sununu Thomas Warner I want to reiterate the Administration’s agreed to. Talent Voinovich Wyden strong support for the Fiscal Year 2004 budg- et request of $2 billion for all international AMENDMENT NO. 1843 NOT VOTING—1 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Lieberman HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria activi- ties, including $200 million for the Global the previous order, there will now be 2 The amendment (No. 1843) was agreed Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and minutes of debate prior to the vote on to. Malaria, as part of the President’s larger Boxer amendment No. 1843. Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I move commitment to spend $15 billion over the The Senator from Alaska. to reconsider the vote. next five years through the Emergency Plan Mr. STEVENS. This amendment, Mrs. FEINSTEIN. I move to lay that for AIDS Relief. I also want to highlight that which we offered to accept, deals with motion on the table. it is by careful design that the President’s reimbursement for the costs of services The motion to lay on the table was Fiscal Year 2004 budget request is for $2 bil- and food to military personnel while in agreed to. lion. the hospital. We offered to accept the AMENDMENT NO. 1879 The cornerstone of the President’s Emer- amendment, but the Senator demands The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under gency Plan for AIDS Relief is its focused ap- a vote. I have already accepted the the previous order, there are 2 minutes proach to use $9 billion in new funding over amendment so I would renew my re- equally divided prior to the vote on the the next five years to bring comprehensive quest that we pass it by a voice vote. Durbin amendment. and integrated HIV/AIDS prevention, care The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The Senator from Illinois. and large-scale antiretroviral treatment to Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, this is ator from California. 14 countries in Africa and the Caribbean. Mrs. BOXER. The amendment I have the morning’s headline in the Wash- These countries are home to nearly 70 per- ington Post: ‘‘Global Fund Slows Aid.’’ cent of HIV-infected persons in Africa and offered would continue the good work That is aid going to fight HIV, tuber- the Caribbean and 50 percent of the HIV-in- of Congressman BILL YOUNG, Senator culosis, and malaria. There is not fected persons in the world. There are con- STEVENS, and Senator GRAHAM. It enough money to fight the global epi- siderable challenges inherent in meeting the would reimburse our troops, who are demic which, like no other, threatens bold goals the President has set for these 14 countries which must be addressed in the injured and in hospital, for the meals this Nation and every nation on Earth. they were charged for. What we have Don’t take my word for it. A quote early years of implementation. We believe it done previously, with the help of Sen- is important to ramp up spending on these from Secretary of State Colin Powell countries in a focused manner, increasing ator STEVENS, is prospectively say they before the General Assembly just days the amount spent each year to efficiently will not be charged for meals, but those ago: and effectively create the necessary train- who went into Afghanistan and Iraq AIDS is more devastating than any ter- ing, technology, and infrastructure base are getting hit with $200 and $300 bills. rorist attack, any conflict or any weapon of needed to deliver appropriate long-term med- Maybe they lost a leg or an eye and mass destruction. ical treatment in a sustainable and account- when they come out they go back to We promised $3 billion in the author- able way. their job. One was a sheriff who got hit ization bill to fight global AIDS. We Similarly, the U.S. Government’s support with a $200 bill. This would completely have failed to come up with that for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuber- remove that burden. I would ask that money. The President of the United culosis and Malaria is strong. Currently, the there be a recorded vote. States promised that he would pledge United States is responsible for 40 percent of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The yeas $15 billion over 5 years to fight global all contributions made to the Global Fund. and nays were previously ordered. AIDS. We have failed to come up with We have reached a critical time in the Glob- al Fund’s development, and other nations The question is on agreeing to the money. Over 70 Members of the amendment No. 1843. The clerk will must join the United States in supporting Senate voted, saying we will stand for the work of the Global Fund. call the roll. $3 billion this year even if it breaks the The assistant legislative clerk called For the reasons stated above, the Adminis- budget. And we failed to come up with tration strongly opposes any efforts to in- the roll. the money. With this amendment, $879 Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- crease funding beyond the $2 billion re- million will move out of the recon- quested in the President’s Fiscal Year 2004 ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) struction part of Iraq into the global budget. I appreciate your support on this is necessarily absent. AIDS fight. The House has already cut issue and look forward to the continued The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there $20.6 billion out of this bill. Certainly strong bipartisan support of the Senate in any other Senators in the Chamber de- we can come up with the $800 million ensuring the success of this lifesaving initia- siring to vote? needed to keep our word to the world. tive. The result was announced—yeas 99, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Sincerely, nays 0, as follows: ator’s time has expired. JOSEPH F. O’NEILL, MD, MPH, [Rollcall Vote No. 393 Leg.] The Senator from Mississippi. Deputy Coordinator YEAS—99 Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, the and Chief Medical Senate has already defeated a similar Officer, Office of the Akaka DeWine Leahy Global AIDS Coordi- Alexander Dodd Levin amendment by a vote of 71 to 24 on nator. Allard Dole Lincoln July 17. This amendment would cut Allen Domenici Lott funding that will help bring our troops Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, the Baucus Dorgan Lugar Senate should reject the amendment. I Bayh Durbin home from the region at the earliest McCain move to table the amendment, and I Bennett Edwards McConnell possible date. Biden Ensign Mikulski Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- ask for the yeas and nays. Bingaman Enzi Miller sent that a letter dated October 16, Bond Feingold The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Murkowski Boxer Feinstein 2003, to Chairman STEVENS from Joseph sufficient second? Murray Breaux Fitzgerald O’Neill, Deputy Coordinator and Chief There is a sufficient second. The Brownback Frist Nelson (FL) Medical Officer, Office of the Global Nelson (NE) question is on agreeing to the motion Bunning Graham (FL) AIDS Coordinator, be printed in the Burns Graham (SC) Nickles to table amendment No. 1879, and the Byrd Grassley Pryor RECORD. clerk will call the roll. Campbell Gregg Reed There being no objection, the mate- Cantwell Hagel Reid rial was ordered to be printed in the The legislative clerk called the roll. Carper Harkin Roberts RECORD, as follows: Chafee Hatch Rockefeller Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- Chambliss Hollings Santorum U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) Clinton Hutchison Sarbanes Washington, DC, October 16, 2003. is necessarily absent. Cochran Inhofe Schumer Hon. TED STEVENS, The result was announced—yeas 56, Coleman Inouye Sessions Chairman, Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Collins Jeffords Shelby Senate, Washington, DC. nays 43, as follows: Conrad Johnson Smith DEAR CHAIRMAN STEVENS: It is my under- Cornyn [Rollcall Vote No. 394 Leg.] Kennedy Snowe standing that an amendment regarding fund- Corzine Kerry Specter Craig Kohl ing for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria YEAS—56 Stabenow Crapo Kyl may be offered today to the Fiscal Year 2004 Alexander Bennett Breaux Daschle Landrieu Stevens Supplemental Appropriations bill currently Allard Biden Brownback Dayton Lautenberg under consideration on the Senate floor. Allen Bond Bunning

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.004 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12773 Burns Fitzgerald Nelson (NE) limitation. Can the Chair state the to the Corzine amendment, not in Campbell Frist Nickles time limitation? terms of intent but in terms of sub- Carper Graham (SC) Roberts Chafee Grassley Santorum The PRESIDING OFFICER. Eighteen stance. Chambliss Gregg Sessions minutes for the Senator from Kansas, Mr. President, I yield 2 minutes to a Cochran Hagel Shelby Mr. ROBERTS— distinguished member of the Senate In- Coleman Hatch Smith Mr. STEVENS. No. That is 20 min- telligence Committee, a new Member Collins Hutchison Snowe Cornyn Inhofe utes, Mr. President. of the Senate who has had a great deal Specter Craig Kyl The PRESIDING OFFICER. Twenty Stevens of experience serving as a valued mem- Crapo Lott Sununu minutes for the Senator from Kansas, ber of the House Intelligence Com- DeWine Lugar Dole McCain Talent Mr. ROBERTS; 5 minutes for the Senator mittee, Senator CHAMBLISS. Domenici McConnell Thomas from West Virginia, Mr. ROCKEFELLER; The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Ensign Miller Voinovich and 10 minutes for the Senator from ator from Georgia. Warner Enzi Murkowski New Jersey. Mr. CHAMBLISS. Mr. President, I NAYS—43 Mr. STEVENS. With no amendments rise in strong opposition to this amend- Akaka Edwards Levin in order. That is my unanimous con- ment. The amendment establishes bad Baucus Feingold Lincoln sent request. policy. Let me tell you why. Bayh Feinstein Mikulski Mr. CORZINE. Reserving the right to I had the privilege of serving on the Bingaman Graham (FL) Murray object, I could not hear. Boxer Harkin Nelson (FL) House Intelligence Committee for 2 Byrd Hollings Pryor Mr. REID. You have your 10 minutes. years. I had the privilege of serving Cantwell Inouye Reed Mr. STEVENS. It is 20 minutes for under Chairman PORTER GOSS in the Clinton Jeffords Reid Senator ROBERTS, 5 minutes for Sen- Conrad Johnson House. I served side by side with now Rockefeller Corzine Kennedy ator ROCKEFELLER— ranking member JANE HARMAN. We did Sarbanes Daschle Kerry The PRESIDING OFFICER. And 10 Schumer an outstanding job in the House Intel- Dayton Kohl minutes for the Senator from New Jer- Stabenow ligence Committee of conducting over- Dodd Landrieu sey. Dorgan Lautenberg Wyden sight work of the intelligence commu- Mr. STEVENS. Senator ROCKE- Durbin Leahy nity worldwide. FELLER, 5 minutes. Twenty minutes for NOT VOTING—1 I have had the privilege of serving the Senator from Kansas. Ten minutes under the strong leadership of Chair- Lieberman for the Senator from New Jersey. man ROBERTS and Vice Chairman The motion was agreed to. There are five Members sharing the 20 ROCKEFELLER in the Senate Intel- Mr. REID. I move to reconsider the minutes. ligence Committee, and, once again, vote and I move to lay that motion on Mr. CORZINE. I know we will have they have led a terrific effort from an the table. some Members who want to speak. I oversight perspective of the intel- The motion to lay on the table was wonder, could we increase the 10- ligence community, whether it is Iraq, agreed to. minute agreement to 15 on my side? whether it is North Korea, whether it Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a Mr. STEVENS. We have no objection. is any other issue. They have done a quorum. We can change the Corzine limitation great job in a bipartisan way. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The to 15 minutes. I have to commend all members of clerk will call the roll. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there the Senate Intelligence Committee. We The assistant legislative clerk pro- objection? ceeded to call the roll. Without objection, it is so ordered. have asked the tough questions time Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Mr. REID. Mr. President, it is my un- and time again because that is our job. unanimous consent that the order for derstanding that following the disposal We are charged with the responsibility the quorum call be rescinded. of that, by vote, we would move to the of conducting this oversight. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Byrd-Durbin amendment No. 1819. It is Now to send this outside the Intel- ligence Committees establishes simply SUNUNU). Is there objection? my understanding that Senator BYRD Without objection, it is so ordered. would speak no longer than 20 minutes bad policy and moves the intelligence community in the wrong direction. AMENDMENT NO. 1882 on that amendment. There would be no Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask other limitation of time. I ask my I was a member of the Joint Inquiry the Chair to lay before the Senate the friend from Alaska if he would approve Committee that was established last Corzine amendment No. 1882. that. year between the House and Senate In- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. BIDEN. Reserving the right to telligence Committees to look at 9/11. amendment is pending. object, did you say the Byrd amend- That Joint Inquiry Committee was un- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I could not ment? able to function properly because most hear. Mr. REID. Byrd-Durbin amendment. of the real hard substantive issues are Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Mr. BIDEN. Byrd-Durbin, I am sorry. classified issues. No joint committee unanimous consent that on this matter I would like some time on that amend- can really do their work without hav- there be 20 minutes under the control ment. ing the availability of classified infor- of Senator ROBERTS, 5 minutes under Mr. REID. The only limitation, Mr. mation. the control of Senator ROCKEFELLER, President, on my unanimous consent The Senate Intelligence Committee and 5—whatever time Senator CORZINE request would be Senator BYRD speak- and the House Intelligence Committee requests. ing no longer than 20 minutes. Of have the availability of that classified Mr. REID. I ask Senator CORZINE, course, there would be no amendments information at their fingertips. That is how much time do you desire on your in order, and there would be a vote on the way the system is designed to amendment? You spoke last night. or in relation to the amendment. work. That is the way it should work. Mr. CORZINE. I would presume 10 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there That is the way it is working. It is minutes. objection? working properly, and it is working in Mr. REID. Ten minutes. Mr. STEVENS. The limitation ap- a very bipartisan way. Mr. STEVENS. And 10 minutes for plies only to Senator BYRD; is that cor- Whatever the intelligence failures Senator CORZINE, and there be a vote in rect? were involved in Iraq will be disclosed. relation to that amendment upon the The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is Whatever the wrong things that were expiration of that time, with no correct. done will ultimately be disclosed. But amendments in order to this amend- Without objection, it is so ordered. it has to be done within the right ment. AMENDMENT NO. 1882 framework. And that right framework The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who is within the Intelligence Committees objection? yields time? of the House and the Senate. Mr. REID. No objection. The Senator from Kansas. Again, I commend the strong, bipar- Mr. STEVENS. Let’s have the Chair Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I rise tisan leadership of Vice Chairman state the understanding of the time to express my very strong opposition ROCKEFELLER and Chairman ROBERTS.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.005 S17PT1 S12774 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 They are leading us in the right way on if he would like to respond on his time what we are doing, further diluting the this issue, and that is the way it needs or what his plans are? I have several focus on the issue of WMD prewar in- to continue. speakers. I did not want to dominate telligence, all the rest of it. So I urge my colleagues to vote the discussion. I do not mean to imply by that that against this amendment. Mr. CORZINE. If the distinguished the investigation is moving at the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Senator from Kansas will recall, I gave speed with which I would like to see it ator from Kansas. a presentation last night of about 30 in the committee. Those issues are Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I yield minutes on this subject. I will be happy being addressed between the chairman an additional 2 minutes to the distin- to respond to different elements. I and myself and members on each side guished Senator from Mississippi, an- thought I would hear what the argu- of the aisle trying to work in a bipar- other valued member of the Senate In- ments were and then make a response. tisan fashion. This is an investigation telligence Committee, Mr. LOTT. If you would like to see it all now, I which not only has the comparison of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- would be more than happy to do some prewar intelligence to what we more ator from Mississippi. responding, but I would like to hear recently discovered or may be discov- Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I thank the the overall argument. ering, but it also has the whole ques- distinguished Senator from Kansas, the Mr. ROBERTS. I understand. Mr. tion of wherever the trail leads, which chairman of the Intelligence Com- President, I yield 2 minutes to the dis- is a phrase the chairman of the com- mittee, for yielding me this time. tinguished chairman of the Armed mittee has used. Mr. President, should we just go Services Committee, a valued member There are other aspects of this, ahead and eliminate committees in of the Intelligence Committee, the whether you use the word dissemina- Congress? Should we just go ahead and Senator from Virginia, Mr. WARNER. tion of intelligence; you collect it; you limit the House and the Senate? We The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- analyze it, and then it gets put over to have a job to do. Are we going to turn ator from Virginia. the policy people. Then they use it in everything over to so-called inde- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I thank one way or another. The use of that, pendent commissions that drag their my distinguished chairman. I say with whether there was any pressure feet. It takes months to get people ap- all due deference to our distinguished brought to bear, all of those things are pointed. They hire staff. What are we colleague from New Jersey that on its areas that we are in the process of ex- here for? Another ‘‘independent’’ com- face there is a very serious flaw. I am amining right now. It is a difficult sub- mission? opposed to the principle of having a ject. We have one underway right now, commission at this time examine the There is already another commission headed by former Governor Kean. It is subject, but on its face it reads: on this subject, the Kean-Hamilton a very good, bipartisan group of capa- There is established a National Commis- Commission, but that is covering some- ble men and women looking at the sion on Development and Use of Intelligence thing of a different area. If another events prior to 9/11 but also looking at Related to Iraq. commission is set up, another group is the intelligence component of what Iraq is but one piece of a matrix of set up to look at prewar WMD, postwar happened there. So there is already one nations in that region of the world. WMD, intelligence on all of that, it independent commission. You cannot focus on just the narrow just simply duplicates what we are or But I have never liked these commis- Iraq situation without Iran, without will shortly be doing. sions. I have been involved in creating looking at the other areas of the world As the chairman knows and as my some of them. They are always an ex- which are being affected by this spread members know, if we do not reach the cuse to shove it off on somebody else. of terrorism. I say to my good friend, depth and breadth of satisfaction of in- It is as if we are trying to put hands his intentions may well have been the vestigation on this, then we will have over our eyes and say, ‘‘Oh, no, we best, but personally I think it is inap- to come back and reconsider all of this can’t do it’’ or, ‘‘Don’t show me. Let’s propriate and ill-advised at this time at another time. It is my judgment let somebody else do the job.’’ to usurp in many respects the responsi- that because of talks and things going What do we have the Intelligence bility of the Congress, certainly not in on now, dynamics which are internal Committee for? Formerly I would get a way in which you just look at one and intense, we are making that kind briefings related to intelligence infor- small area of intelligence unrelated to of progress, and the threshold of mak- mation, but I am a new member, ac- the broad picture throughout that re- ing the kind of progress we have to tively sitting on the Intelligence Com- gion. make to reach a final conclusion and mittee. I have faith in this bipartisan Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, Sen- do a report is on the move. committee. It should be, and for the ator ROCKEFELLER, our distinguished This would be damaging to us. I don’t most part it is, a nonpartisan com- vice chairman, has been granted 5 min- say that as turf because one is on this mittee. utes. I think from a parliamentary committee for 8 years and then one is I have faith in PAT ROBERTS. He is standpoint, however, it is my responsi- off this committee. That is a whole not exactly a pushover on any issue, bility to yield to him at this particular other subject for another day. But we whether it is agriculture, defense, or time. If that is not correct, I stand to need to focus this. We do not need to intelligence. JAY ROCKEFELLER, the be corrected by the Presiding Officer. dilute it. I understand the purpose of distinguished Senator from West Vir- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the amendment of the Senator from ginia, is very aggressive on this issue. ator from West Virginia controls 5 New Jersey. I do not happen to support We are doing our job. We are having minutes. it. hearings, lots of hearings. And we are Mr. ROBERTS. I ask the Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who going to get at the truth of the intel- from West Virginia if he may want to yields time? ligence. make his remarks at this time. The Senator from Kansas. Do they have what they need? Were The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. ROBERTS. May I ask how much they giving us some bad analysis of the ator from West Virginia. time I have remaining? intelligence? Mr. ROCKEFELLER. Mr. President, I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- We are in that process. We are doing thank the distinguished Senator from ator from Kansas has 12 minutes re- our job. Let’s let the Intelligence Com- Kansas. maining. The Senator from West Vir- mittee do its job. We don’t need an- I oppose this amendment. I oppose ginia has 11⁄2 minutes remaining, and other independent commission. I trust this amendment for a variety of rea- the Senator from New Jersey has 15 this committee. The Senate should sons. I do not oppose this amendment minutes remaining. give us the chance to do the job. We because of the intent of trying to get Mr. ROBERTS. If I might inquire of should not have another commission to the bottom of all of the problems we the Senator from New Jersey if he is out there spending money, hovering face in the work we are doing in the In- ready to make a comment now or around and accomplishing very little. telligence Committee, on which I serve would he prefer to wait? Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, may I as vice chair. But I oppose it because it Mr. CORZINE. Mr. President, I would inquire of the Senator from New Jersey would have the effect of undermining still like to hear the full development

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.016 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12775 of the argument. I understand very grams; Iraq’s ties to terrorist groups; Niger uranium issue. This list doesn’t clearly the comment that the com- the regime’s human rights violations; include the efforts of the 9/11 Commis- mittee is in the midst of its work. I ap- and the effect of Saddam Hussein on re- sion, the joint inquiry of the congres- preciate and believe very strongly in gional stability. Secondly, the objec- sional intelligence committees, and the the distinguished Senators from Kan- tivity, the reasonableness, the inde- efforts of the other congressional com- sas and West Virginia about this proc- pendence, and accuracy of the judg- mittees. All told, over 40 Members of ess. But to my knowledge, there have ments of the intelligence community— Congress, numerous professional staff, not been public hearings even on things whether those judgments were properly and countless career and nonpolitical that can be talked about in public. I disseminated to policymakers; and fi- employees of the executive branch will am very clear in my amendment that nally, whether inappropriate pressure have looked into this topic. We don’t the Congress underscores its commit- regarding politics was brought to bear need another 12 members to duplicate ment to and support for ongoing con- on intelligence analysts. that effort. gressional views regarding the collec- I can report to you that after inter- When we set out on this review, I tion and analysis of intelligence re- viewing many analysts—and I will not promised to follow the facts wherever lated to Iraq. get into specifics here—there has been they might lead. I will do so. I remain This is not an attempt to usurp. It is no evidence of that as of today. committed to that promise. We will re- trying to bring additional attention to Those are the goals of the mission of port our findings and, as necessary, we a very difficult issue. As I said last the current inquiry of the Senate Intel- will recommend any needed improve- night, there has been since the last ligence Committee, and they mirror ments. Most important, we will con- time we debated this on the floor a exactly the nine functions called for in tinue our efforts to ensure the intel- long litany of weaknesses, questions the independent commission as pro- ligence community does provide the about the development and use of intel- posed by the Senator from New Jersey. policymakers with unbiased and ac- ligence. This review is well underway; in my tionable intelligence. As we approach It is in that vein that I will be speak- opinion, it is probably 85 to 90 percent completion of the committee’s review, ing, as I did last night. I would like to done. It is being conducted in the I ask Members not to prejudge our hear why it is so important only to do unique nonpartisan atmosphere of the thorough, nonpartisan efforts. it in one vein when we certainly select committee. The work our staff At this time, would the Senator like thought it was important to look at has done is worthy of the Senate’s to take his time? the intelligence operations failures. praise. Over 19 volumes of prewar intel- How much time do I have? Mr. ROBERTS. If the Senator will ligence, thousands of pages of text have The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- yield, I would like to make a par- been carefully reviewed. ator has 41⁄2 minutes remaining. liamentary inquiry. As a matter of fact, I offer an oppor- The Senator from New Jersey is rec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tunity to the distinguished Senator. I ognized. ator from Kansas is controlling the will play Bob Barker and say, come on Mr. CORZINE. Mr. President, I made floor right now. down, come to room 219, and I will be a few opening remarks last night. I Mr. ROBERTS. So the Senator is happy to show you the national intel- want to start by saying we are all look- making a speech on my time? ligence estimate, our committee work, ing for the same objective; that is, to The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is and the staff work. I think the Senator get to the bottom of understanding the correct. would be very impressed with the work development and the use of intel- Mr. CORZINE. If the Senator from of our staff. Additional information has ligence that was the basis on which we Kansas will yield a couple of minutes been sought and provided in a manner entered into a conflict during which we to my side back. of cooperation by the executive branch. have now lost 335 men, and literally Mr. ROBERTS. I would like to re- Numerous interviews of the intel- thousands have been injured. There is a claim my time. ligence community and officials from reason to understand whether the de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the administration have also been con- velopment and use of that intelligence ator from Kansas. ducted. Status reports have been pro- was appropriately handled. Mr. ROBERTS. How much time do I vided on several occasions to com- The commission I am suggesting, as I have? mittee members. read before, underscores its commit- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- In addition to these efforts, com- ment to the process the distinguished ator from Kansas has 10 minutes re- mittee members have been able to Senator from Kansas outlined. It is not maining. question several in the intelligence to usurp; it is to make sure everyone Mr. ROBERTS. I have two other re- community and officials from the ad- will have the view that it is bipartisan, quests for time: Senator BOND and Sen- ministration at a series of closed hear- that it is independent of any kind of ator STEVENS. ings. The reason it is not public is sim- political process. It is to build upon Let me simply say, when we first ple. At the top of every document, and what is going on in the intelligence considered the Iraq commission pro- regarding every subject, it says ‘‘top committees, not to usurp it. posal during debate on the Defense ap- secret code word.’’ That doesn’t mean There is no intention to undermine propriations bill, the Senate voted it we will not have public hearings or a the credibility of the individuals who down. I urge my colleagues to oppose it public report. I have promised that and are involved in it. I will say that 10 again today. so has the vice chairman. people, as staff, working on and review- My opposition to this amendment is I have also invited all Members of ing the intelligence that involves simple. I disagree with its underlying this body who are interested in prewar 250,000 troops, where there has been un- principle that Congress somehow is in- Iraq intelligence to seek answers to told loss of life, and the arguments capable of thorough, independent, and their questions from the committee. I that were made preceding, do not nonpartisan analysis of the prewar in- renew that invitation to Senator match the reality of what we are find- telligence on Iraq. As I address you CORZINE. Come on down; take a look at ing afterwards—whether it is in regard today, the professional staff, 10 of our committee’s work. Our staff can di- to aluminum tubes and centrifuges, them, of the Senate Intelligence Com- rect you to the information that will yellow cake from Niger, connections of mittee are diligently conducting the answer every question set forth in your al-Qaida and Iraq, claims about mobile very review this amendment now amendment. I remind the Senator that laboratories, missile technology, and seeks. Working together, as has been ours is not the only review of the intel- now the Kay report which, at least at indicated by the distinguished vice ligence community’s performance. The this stage—and it is an interim re- chairman, Senator ROCKEFELLER and I able members of the House Intelligence port—has disputes about almost all ele- have broadly framed the mandate for Committee have conducted their re- ments that were used as the basic the committee’s review. Our efforts view. The President’s Foreign Intel- topic. I think the public has a reason have focused on the following: The ligence Advisory Board is examining to be concerned. quantity and quality of U.S. intel- the topic. The State Department and I have other issues when I look at ligence concerning Iraqi WMD pro- the CIA have carefully examined the how the 9/11 Commission has actually

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.019 S17PT1 S12776 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 been able to operate. I don’t know Intelligence Committee. It builds on it. perspective is totally wrong, but just whether the same kind of concerns are That is the purpose. That is certainly as much, to say that a new commission operating with regard to the Intel- where I come from. That is the argu- of fresh blood with a new look at the ligence Committee. I know the 9/11 ment I have tried to make and I will matter might come to some different Commission chairman, who is a re- continue to make. conclusions than that 10-member staff spected New Jersey former Governor, a Again, I have great respect for the is equally totally wrong and hurts person of great esteem, a Republican, leadership on the Intelligence Com- America. is saying there is difficulty in getting mittee. I am sure there is a good-faith This amendment of my colleague the information to be able to look at willingness to try to get to the bottom from New Jersey is not aimed to be the events that led up to 9/11. As a mat- of this situation. I think this is very nasty; it is not aimed to be political; it ter of fact, subpoenas have had to be important. is not aimed to be partisan. It is aimed issued to get the records of the FAA. It We have other questions: North to find different ways to get to the strikes me when you add the difficulty Korea, Iran, and the terrorist networks truth because we all know in the wake the 9/11 Commission has had in getting that exist across this globe. If we can- of 9/11 that our intelligence was not the information—and we don’t know not trust our intelligence, then we are what it should be. It probably was good what has gone on in the Intelligence going to have a hard time making fun- enough for a preterrorism world, but it Committee. You look at the fact that damental decisions in this Chamber, is not good enough for a terrorism senior administration officials have and the American people are going to world. been willing to out a CIA agent, to dis- have a hard time judging whether we I hope my colleagues will support this amendment. It is not, again, to credit somebody who actually comes made the right decisions and whether disparage what the committee is doing, into the public to talk about it. I think we are working in their best interests. but to say we should only have one the public has a reason to want to have I yield to my distinguished colleague voice at a time when intelligence is so independence in making an assessment from New York. important, to me at least makes no of whether the intelligence has been The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- sense, and I hope my colleagues on used properly and the development and ator from New York. both sides of the aisle will support this the use of it have been done properly. Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I That is where my interest is. very much needed amendment. thank my colleague. I will be brief. I Mr. CORZINE. Mr. President, how I know the distinguished Senator rise in support of the amendment. The from Kansas and the distinguished Sen- much time is remaining? bottom line is, in our post-9/11 world, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ator from West Virginia want to get to we have learned that intelligence is ator from New Jersey controls 41⁄2 min- the bottom of this just as much as this more important than ever. To prevent utes. Senator does, as much as this body terrorism, in essence, small groups of Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, the ought to want to; and the people of people who can do real damage to us, time used by the Senator from New America ought to have an under- depends on intelligence. Jersey in answering the question of the standing that we are not developing in- Maybe things are working fine, but Senator from Kansas was taken out of telligence for purposes of winning po- maybe they are not. The amendment of the time of the Senator from Kansas? litical arguments or winning argu- my colleague from New Jersey casts no The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ments on the floor of the Senate but to aspersion on the job the Intelligence ator from Kansas yielded to the Sen- form what is the proper policy. To me, Committee is doing. But it seems to me ator from New Jersey for the purpose I think we ought to do everything pos- perfectly logical, in our post-9/11 world, of a question. sible to make sure intelligence is prop- to get as many voices with different Mr. STEVENS. I want some time. I erly developed. That is what I have perspectives as possible, especially ask unanimous consent that 4 minutes been trying to suggest. I did it earlier early on because this war on terrorism be added to this time. in July and I am doing it again. is going to be with us for decades. It The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there I believe very strongly that this is an makes eminent sense. objection? important issue. There are a whole se- I have never served on the Intel- The assistant minority leader. ries of issues about which there are ligence Committee, and I have no Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have no questions. There are very visible exam- doubt that the 10 staffers on that com- problem whatsoever if the majority ples of challenges to the facts by people mittee who were mentioned by my gets 4 minutes, but why not add 4 min- who were either close or near to the ef- friend from Kansas and praised by my utes to this side also? fort. I will go ahead and say it. On friend from West Virginia are excel- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Wednesday night, there was a follow- lent, but they have one perspective. objection to the modification of the through by an individual who was in a They have been involved day to day in unanimous consent request? Mr. STEVENS. I withdraw the re- senior position in the State Depart- dealing with intelligence matters, and ment, and I will quote how he felt the quest. to have a new outside commission take The PRESIDING OFFICER. The re- intelligence was framed. ‘‘Plenty of a look at these specific instances can blame to go around,’’ according to Mr. quest is withdrawn. Who yields time? only benefit the American people. Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I am Thielmann, who, by the way, was a sen- Having some experience with this delighted to yield 2 minutes to the Sen- ior officer in the State Department, a leak of the name of the CIA agent, I am ator from Alaska. 25-year veteran in the Office of Stra- utterly amazed at what is going on Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I am tegic Proliferation and Military Af- here and among some—not all, not a appalled by the statement of the Sen- fairs. majority but some—in the administra- ator from New York. There is no dis- He said: tion, there is an idea that we should tress in this country of the intelligence The main problem is senior administration not get at the full truth; an idea that system. The distress is all political. We officials have what I call a ‘‘faith-based ap- if someone tells you something you have had a problem. There has been a proach to intelligence.’’ They knew what don’t like, they are to be disparaged they wanted the intelligence to show. They leak. There have been leaks before. were really blind and deaf to any kind of and, in the case of Ms. Plame, hurt This President relied on the same in- countervailing information the intelligence much worse than that. telligence that President Clinton did community would produce. I would assign The bottom line is very simple: If we when he made the speech in 1998 say- some blame to the intelligence community are going to stay a great power—and I ing: We are going to invade Iraq. and most of the blame to senior administra- hope and pray we will—we need the I don’t know what is going on here tion officials. truth. We need to know what is going that suddenly this becomes another I just believe there are enough ques- right and we need to know what is subject to send more people into tions in the public’s mind, and they going wrong. There is no greater time harm’s way to find out what went on in grow incrementally all the time, that than now. Iraq. it is time for us to have an independent To say that a 10-staff-member group Under amendments already adopted, view of this matter. That in no way is that has been thoroughly involved in we have two different inspectors gen- undermining what is going on in the intelligence matters cannot add much eral, and we have the GAO going in on

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.021 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12777 two different amendments, and now we minutes so I may conclude my remarks It is not just a matter of creating an- want to send another independent com- and also yield to the distinguished Sen- other commission to start all over mission into Iraq. What is going to ator from Missouri for 2 minutes. again and to do what will probably be happen when they get there? They are The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there virtually the same work with some- going to use all the people in uniform objection? thing called a fresh idea. The people on to protect them. Last night, four more Mr. REID. I ask that be modified to the Intelligence Committee, on both people were killed in Iraq. allow 2 additional minutes to the Sen- sides, are smart. They are invigorated. What is going on here? I don’t see ator from New Jersey. They are determined. There is con- any reason to bring the campaign of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there troversy in the committee, which is 2004 to this Chamber on this bill, but objection to the modification? Without good. There is no single approach to it. that is what is going on with what has objection, 2 additional minutes will be There is a lot of discussion going on. just been said by the Senator from New added to each side. The Senator from That process must continue and that is York. I take great offense at that. We Kansas. what the Intelligence Committee was are investigating this matter. There is Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I ask created for. We are becoming a new In- no question we are investigating it. It for an additional 1 minute for the dis- telligence Committee because we are in is being investigated by the commis- tinguished vice chairman of the com- an entirely different world. sion, it is being investigated by the De- mittee. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- partment of Justice, and it is being in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there ator’s time has expired. objection for an additional minute to Who yields time? vestigated by the CIA. To get into the Mr. CORZINE. How much time re- be added to the time controlled by the political harangue I just heard is just mains? absolutely nonsense. Senator from West Virginia? The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. CORZINE. I have no objection. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who ator from New Jersey has 5 minutes re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without yields time? The Senator from New maining. Jersey. objection, it is so ordered. Mr. CORZINE. Mr. President, I yield Mr. CORZINE. I yield 1 minute to my The Senator from West Virginia now 2 minutes to my distinguished col- 1 friend. controls 2 ⁄2 minutes. league from Illinois and a member of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Who yields time? the Intelligence Committee. ator from New York. Mr. ROBERTS. I would like to recog- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, as ag- nize the distinguished vice chairman, ator from Illinois. gravated as my colleague from Alaska the Senator from West Virginia. Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, as a is with me, I am with him. This is not The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- member of the Senate Intelligence intended to be political. I believe that ator from West Virginia. Committee, I salute the chairman and our intelligence needs improvement. I Mr. ROCKEFELLER. Mr. President, I the ranking member for the fine work think most Americans—Democrat and tremendously regret the argument that they do and for the fine staff we have. Republican—believe that. And if every took place between the Senator from As the Senator from Kansas has said, time we say improve intelligence, look Alaska and the Senator from New we have 10 people who are working for different ways, people get accused York, because that is exactly what we hard in this committee. Put it in per- of being political, that is the very do not need around here. I thought the spective: 10 excellent staffers, respon- point I am making. Senator from Alaska, as much as I re- sible for overseeing the intelligence Let’s debate this on the merits. Let’s spect him, should not be trying to cast agencies of the Federal Government; 10 not call people names because they political aspersions, and then I thought excellent staffers who in addition to happen to disagree that our intel- the Senator from New York should not that are initiating an investigation of ligence is doing a fine job. I don’t. It be saying we are not in any sense being the intelligence that led up to Iraq. It may have been doing a fine job in the political, we only want the truth, and is totally inadequate. We are totally cold war for a cold-war era, but the talking about weapons of mass destruc- understaffed. That is why Senator whole tectonic plates of foreign policy tion and the intelligence, because we CORZINE’s amendment is so important. have changed. Maybe it works and all agree that the intelligence was We have lost 335 American lives. maybe it doesn’t. wanting. Thousands have been wounded. We I ask my colleague to go on the We all agree that it is very different have put ourselves in a position in Iraq streets of any city in New York or any from the cold war, but what is really where we will be vulnerable for years city in America, mine or his—in New important that has to happen and to come, and we want to ask the hard questions with the Corzine commis- York or Alaska—and ask the average something which only the Intelligence sion. Was our intelligence right in citizen do they think the intelligence Committee can do, and which has to be leading us into this war? It is a dif- is working fine. My guess is they will in continuity with the work we are ficult question and a painful question say it needs tuning up. That is all this doing now, is after we finish inves- tigating what went wrong is to figure but it must be asked. Senator is trying to do, without being When Dr. Kay comes back empty- out what we are going to do to make it political. handed, after more than 5 months of go right. That is a whole other chapter. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- inspections, with hundreds of inspec- ator’s time has expired. Who yields That is getting rid of the stovepipes tors, with no evidence of weapons of time? and determining whether we want a di- mass destruction, it is a condemnation Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, how rector of national intelligence. of one of two things: either our intel- much time do we have remaining? It is an entirely different relation- ligence gathering or the use of that in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Each ship now between intelligence and telligence leading to the war. As pain- side has approximately 3 minutes re- warfighting. Intelligence and warfight- ful as it is, we have to face that re- maining. ing used to be separate. They are now ality. Mr. ROBERTS. I thought there was integrated. Intelligence and policy The reality is this: Next to the fail- granted— used to be separate. They are now inte- ure of the United States to recognize The PRESIDING OFFICER. There grated. That is what our committee is the collapse of the Soviet Union at the was no unanimous consent request for doing, but first we need to finish the end of the cold war, this could be the additional time. That request was investigation and then we get to that. most colossal intelligence failure in withdrawn. Our problem is we are doing so much our history. Can we face that reality? I Mr. CORZINE. The unanimous con- investigating we cannot get to that. It think we can and we should, because sent request was withdrawn, if I am not is very frustrating to me. We have not intelligence is key to America’s secu- mistaken, Mr. President. finished doing a lot of the investigating rity. Intelligence is key to winning the The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is that we need to do. war on terrorism. correct. As the chairman has said, we will fol- What Senator CORZINE has said is Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I ask low all trails to where they lead. There turn this over to an independent, non- unanimous consent for an additional 2 is a lot of work and it is very sensitive. partisan group to get the job done. I do

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.025 S17PT1 S12778 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 not think that is a reflection on the confidence of all of us who have to use Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I Senate Intelligence Committee. They the information to draw the conclu- renew the invitation to my friend from are doing a fine job, and I am glad to be sions that are necessary as to whether New Jersey to take a look at our com- a part of it, but for goodness’ sake, do we are going to put men and women in mittee’s work. Our staff is not under- not be afraid to get to the truth. That harm’s way. staffed. I know some people like to is what the Corzine commission amend- I could not agree more with the Sen- have more staff. They have been work- ment is all about. ator from West Virginia. Intelligence ing very hard. I can direct you to the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and military operations now are abso- information that will answer every sin- ator’s time has expired. lutely intimately linked. They are one gle one of the questions set forth in Who yields time? in the same. If it is faith based, then your amendment which reflects exactly The Senator from New Jersey. we will reach the wrong conclusions. I the mission of our inquiry. All told, Mr. CORZINE. I yield 1 minute to the hope the Senate will support my over 40 Members of Congress, numerous Senator from New York. amendment. professional staff, and countless career The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- nonpolitical employees in the execu- ator from New York is recognized. ator’s time has expired. tive branch have looked into this topic Mrs. CLINTON. Mr. President, I echo Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, how which you are suggesting we have an- the words of my colleagues who sup- much time remains? other 12 Members do the same thing. port this amendment. I really do see it The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Washington has been overrun with as a way of getting it out of politics, of ator from Kansas has 5 minutes re- independent blue ribbon commissions. taking it away from partisanship. maining. All other time has expired. The intelligence community has been a I could not agree more with the argu- Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I yield frequent target of these activities— ment that something went wrong. We 2 minutes to the distinguished Senator Aspin, Brown, Hart, Rudman, and the can pretend it did not or we can face up from Missouri, a valued member of the Bremer Commission, the 9/11 Commis- to the fact that it did. intelligence community. sion, and the list goes on and on. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- This is not just about the past. It is We have to consider the unseen ef- ator from Missouri. also about the present and the future. fects caused by the constant, unrelent- Mr. BOND. Mr. President, comments We face continuing threats. Those of us ing reviews of the intelligence commu- were made by the distinguished Sen- in this Chamber who have that intel- nity. I do not discount the importance ator from New Jersey saying that the ligence information given to us know of reexaminations of our past actions. intelligence was faith based. He insinu- that, and we have to be as vigilant and We have had oversight responsibility. ated that intelligence had been well prepared as we possibly can. If we don’t know the mistakes of the changed somehow perhaps by the ad- I do not ever want to have to face an- past, we are bound to repeat them. other constituent of mine and say, ministration. Let me first point out that this intel- But following September 11, we asked well, we missed it, we did not get it ligence has been acted upon by pre- intelligence analysts to aggressively right. pursue all available leads: Please con- Yes, we do have to go forward with vious administrations. I quote from President Clinton, 1998: nect every possible dot, even when the new plans. But how can we build a new connections may seem weak. We can- intelligence system, with all due re- If Saddam rejects peace and we have to use force, our purpose is clear. We want to seri- not continue to castigate these ana- spect to the chairman and the ranking ously diminish the threat posed by Iraq’s lysts when they make reasoned judg- member, both of whom I hold in the weapons of mass destruction program. ments based on the available informa- highest regard, without having an hon- Madeline Albright, Secretary of tion. This second-guessing erodes mo- est and independent appraisal of what State, February 18, 1998: rale and it discourages the thoughtful went wrong? Iraq is a long way from here, but what hap- analysis we need. These people have The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- pens there matters a great deal here. For the their lives on the line. ator’s time has expired. risks that the leaders of a rogue state will I urge my colleagues to oppose this Who yields time? use nuclear, chemical or biological weapons amendment. The Senator from New Jersey. against us or our allies is the greatest secu- How much time do I have? Mr. CORZINE. Mr. President, the rity threat we face. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- goal of this commission is not about Sandy Berger, National Security Ad- ator has 1 minute remaining. blame. This is about trying to find out viser, same day: Mr. ROBERTS. I yield 1 minute to what went wrong and why we had the He will use those weapons of mass destruc- the distinguished Senator from Cali- kind of development and use of intel- tion again, as he has 10 times since 1983. fornia, Mrs. FEINSTEIN. ligence that is so patently inconsistent Having said that, I think we all agree Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I with the facts that seem to be coming we need better intelligence. That is thank the chairman of the Intelligence out. why I made the same commitment that Committee. Regretfully, I must oppose Most of us do not sit inside those my colleagues, Democrat and Repub- this amendment. As a member of the quiet halls of the Intelligence Com- lican, have made to serve on the Intel- committee, I believe we have set upon mittee. The public does not, but they ligence Committee and spend the time, a course which is the soundest course are seeing fact after fact refuted. They without our personal staff but in intel- in terms of getting at any flaws that see CIA agents outed. They see people ligence hearings, going through the may exist among the variety of intel- who were a part of the intelligence testimony and looking at the docu- ligence agencies. community complaining. One of the ments, as is required of the Intel- I think to establish another commis- ways to restore the confidence in some- ligence Committee. sion at this time is to very much un- thing that is absolutely necessary to be It is frustrating for some of us on the dercut the oversight commitment and able to carry out the war on terrorism, Intelligence Committee to listen to mandate of the Intelligence Com- which we all believe in and want to speeches by people who have not taken mittee. I believe it would be a mistake support, is to have confidence in our the time to read the classified informa- to do so at this time. There may be a intelligence community. It is not to tion, and be briefed, as all Senators are time that would come where that undermine the Intelligence Committee. entitled to, after we have done the might be the case, but I do not believe This amendment underscores a com- work. We listened to speeches that, un- now is the time. We have set upon a mitment to support the ongoing con- fortunately, reflected a lack of infor- course. The chairman is committed to gressional reviews regarding the collec- mation about what is going on in Intel- public hearings. We will be having tion and analysis of data. It is not to ligence that is available. The insinu- those hearings. The investigations are undermine it. We all have tremendous ation has been made of improper influ- taking place. faith in the chairman and the ranking ence. The Intelligence Committee will Regretfully, I must oppose this member of the Intelligence Committee, and has examined that. amendment. but this is to restore the confidence of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time the American people, to restore the of the Senator has expired. has expired. Under the previous order,

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.028 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12779 the question is on agreeing to the Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I ask unan- ‘‘Other Procurement, Air Force’’, $2,200,000. amendment. imous consent that the reading of the (c) For an additional amount for ‘‘Military Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move amendment be dispensed with. Construction, Army’’, $65,200,000, to remain to table the amendment. available until September 30, 2008, to be used The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without only to repair facilities damaged by Hurri- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- objection, it is so ordered. cane Isabel at Fort Monroe, Virginia: Pro- ator from Alaska moves to table the The amendment is as follows: vided, That notwithstanding any other provi- amendment. Purpose: to reduce unnecessary spending in sion of law, such funds may be obligated or Mr. STEVENS. I ask for the yeas and the Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund; expended to carry out military construction nays. increase reconstruction assistance to Af- projects not otherwise authorized by law. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a ghanistan; protect our troops by increasing (d) For an additional amount for ‘‘Military sufficient second? funding for the destruction of conventional Construction, Navy’’, $45,530,000, to remain There appears to be a sufficient sec- weapons in Iraq; provide disaster relief in available until September 30, 2008, to be used Liberia; and provide funding to repair Hur- for facilities damaged beyond repair by Hur- ond. ricane Isabel, including $40,920,000 to replace The question is on agreeing to the ricane Isabel damage to military and Coast Guard facilities the central chilled water plant at the United motion to table amendment No. 1882. States Naval Academy, Maryland, and In the amendment, strike all after (a) in The clerk will call the roll. $4,610,000 to replace Building 3104, Lucas line 1 and insert the following: The legislative clerk called the roll. Hall, at Quantico, Virginia: Provided, That SEC. 3002. Notwithstanding section 3001 of notwithstanding any other provision of law, Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- this Act, all of the amounts provided in sec- such funds may be obligated or expended to ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) tion 3003 of this Act, excluding amounts con- carry out military construction projects not is necessarily absent. tained in subsections (j), (k), (1) and (m) of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there otherwise authorized by law. section 3003 of this Act, are designated by (e) For an additional amount for ‘‘Family any other Senators in the Chamber de- the Congress as an emergency requirement Housing, Operation and Maintenance, siring to vote? pursuant to section 502 of H. Con. Res. 95 Army’’, $8,151,000 to repair family housing The result was announced—yeas 67, (108th Congress). units damaged by Hurricane Isabel at Fort nays 32, as follows: SEC. 3003. (a) Notwithstanding any other Monroe and Fort Lee, Virginia: Provided, provision of this Act, amounts appropriated That notwithstanding any other provision of [Rollcall Vote No. 395 Leg.] under the heading ‘‘Iraq Relief and Recon- YEAS—67 law, such funds may be obligated or ex- struction Fund’’ shall be reduced by pended to carry out military construction Alexander Dole Mikulski $1,655,000,000 and the total amount appro- projects not otherwise authorized by law. Allard Domenici Miller priated under this heading shall be allocated (f) For an additional amount for ‘‘Family Allen Ensign Murkowski as follows: Housing, Operation and Maintenance, Navy Baucus Enzi Nelson (NE) (1) $3,243,000,000 for security and law en- and Marine Corps’’, $6,280,000 to repair fam- Bayh Feinstein Nickles forcement; (2) $1,268,000,000 for justice, public Bennett Fitzgerald Pryor ily housing units damaged by Hurricane Isa- Biden Frist safety infrastructure, and civil society, of bel at various locations in Virginia and Roberts which not less than $107,000,000 shall be made Bond Graham (FL) Rockefeller North Carolina: Provided, That notwith- Breaux Graham (SC) available for the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps; Santorum standing any other provision of law, such Brownback Grassley (3) $5,646,000,000 for the electric sector; (4) Sessions funds may be obligated or expended to carry Bunning Gregg $1,850,000,000 for oil infrastructure; (5) Burns Hagel Shelby out military construction projects not other- Smith $4,332,000,000 for water resources and sanita- wise authorized by law. Byrd Hatch tion: (6) $500,000,000 for transportation and Campbell Hutchison Snowe (g) For an additional amount for ‘‘Family Chafee Inhofe Specter telecommunications; (7) $240,000,000 for Housing Operation and Maintenance, Air Chambliss Inouye Stevens roads, bridges, and construction; (8) Force’’, $6,981,000 to repair family housing Cochran Kohl Sununu $850,000,000 for health care; (9) $155,000,000 for units damaged by Hurricane Isabel at Lang- Coleman Kyl Talent private sector development; and (10) ley Air Force Base, Virginia: Provided, That Collins Lincoln Thomas $245,000,000 for refugees, human rights, de- notwithstanding any other provision of law, Cornyn Lott Voinovich mocracy, and governance: Provided, That such funds may be obligated or expended to Craig Lugar Warner none of the funds appropriated by this Act Crapo McCain Wyden carry out military construction projects not DeWine McConnell may be used to fund (1) traffic police build- otherwise authorized by law. ings, fleet, and equipment; (2) parking lots (h) For an additional amount for ‘‘Oper- NAYS—32 and cosmetic improvements at airports; (3) ation and Maintenance, Navy’’, $23,183,000, Akaka Dorgan Lautenberg electric sector institutional strengthening; which may be transferred to the Department Bingaman Durbin Leahy (4) solid waste management; (5) an Iraqi- of Homeland Security for Coast Guard Oper- Boxer Edwards Levin American Enterprise Fund; (6) wireless inter- ations. Cantwell Feingold Murray net capabilities for the Iraqi Telephone Post- (i) In addition to the amounts otherwise Carper Harkin Nelson (FL) al Company (ITPC); (7) technical and man- made available in this Act, $600,000,000 shall Clinton Hollings Reed Conrad Jeffords agement training for ITPC; (8) postal infor- be made available for ‘‘Operation and Main- Reid mation technology architecture and sys- Corzine Johnson Sarbanes tenance, Army’’; Provided, That these funds Daschle Kennedy tems; (9) management for Iraqi television Schumer are available only for the purpose of securing Dayton Kerry Stabenow and radio; (10) a numbering schema and 911 and destroying conventional munitions in Dodd Landrieu initiative for ITPC; (11) new housing commu- Iraq, such as bombs, bomb materials, small NOT VOTING—1 nities and new government buildings; (12) a arms, rocket propelled grenades, and shoul- national security communications network; Lieberman der-launched missiles. (13) market-oriented specialized training; (j) For an additional amount for ‘‘United The motion was agreed to. (14) municipal public information centers; States Emergency Fund for Complex Foreign Mr. STEVENS. I move to reconsider and (15) catch-up business training: Provided Crises’’, $150,000,000: Provided, That not less the vote, and I move to lay that mo- further, That of the funds appropriated by than $200,000,000 of the funds made available tion on the table. this Act, not more than $765,000,000 may be under this heading shall be made available The motion to lay on the table was made available for petroleum product im- for humanitarian relief and reconstruction ports, and not more than $100,000,000 may be agreed to. activities in Liberia: Provided further, That made available for new prison construction. funds appropriated under this heading shall AMENDMENT NO. 1884 TO AMENDMENT NO. 1819 (b) In addition to amounts made available be made available for Sudan. Mr. BYRD. I call regular order with elsewhere in this Act, there is hereby appro- (k) Notwithstanding any other provision of respect to amendment 1819, and I send priated to the Department of Defense this Act, amounts appropriated for acceler- an amendment to the desk. $363,300,000, to be used only for recovery and ated assistance for Afghanistan under the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The repair of damage due to natural disasters in- heading ‘‘Economic Support Fund’’ shall be clerk will report the second-degree cluding Hurricane Isabel, to be distributed as increased by $261,000,000 and the total follows: amount appropriated under this heading for amendment. ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Army’’, Afghanistan shall be allocated as follows: The legislative clerk read as follows: $66,600,000; (1) not to exceed $60,000,000 should be used The Senator from West Virginia [Mr. ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Navy’’, for activities related to disarmament, demo- BYRD], for himself, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. BIDEN, $118,400,000; bilization, and reintegration of militia com- Mr. LEAHY, Mr. DORGAN, Ms. MIKULSKI, Ms. ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Marine batants, including registration of such com- LANDRIEU and Mrs. FEINSTEIN, proposes an Corps’’, $9,200,000; batants, notwithstanding section 531(e) of amendment numbered 1884 to amendment ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Air Force’’, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961; (2) not to No. 1819. $166,900,000; and exceed $120,000,000 for major and provincial

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:28 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.032 S17PT1 S12780 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 road construction and repair; (3) not to ex- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. And that is to say nothing about the ceed $95,000,000 for schools and education; (4) 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget billions of dollars being requested to not to exceed $55,000,000 for private sector de- for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the upgrade the transportation, water, and velopment including to repair and procure President to the Congress; energy sectors of the Iraq economy to electric power generation and distribution (viii) subsection (i) shall be available only infrastructure; (5) not to exceed $50,000,000 to to the extent that an official budget request levels not seen in decades. support the Government of Afghanistan; (6) for that amount, that includes designation of These are not funds to buy body not to exceed $2,000,000 for additional policy the entire amount of the request as an emer- armor for our troops or secure muni- experts in Afghan ministries; (7) not to ex- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. tions that may be used against them. ceed $65,000,000 for elections, governance, and 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget We are talking about building dams in human rights; (8) not to exceed $50,000,000 for for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the the middle of the desert. There is no projects directly involving requirements President to the Congress; need more urgent than the need to pro- identified by provincial reconstruction Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, by now it tect U.S. troops in Iraq from the vi- teams; (9) not to exceed $66,000,000 for health has become evident to even the most cious guerrilla warfare that has been services; (10) not to exceed $25,000,000 for die-hard supporter of the President’s water projects; (11) not to exceed $25,000,000 overshadowing their operations and for environmental projects related to goals for the reconstruction of Iraq causing intolerable deaths and injuries. drought relief; (12) not to exceed $25,000,000 that the $20.3 billion request presented Almost 200 U.S. troops have been for emergency food, fuel, clothing and shel- to Congress contains scores of ques- killed in Iraq since the President de- ter materials for Afghans who are internally tionable projects and programs: $95 clared an end to major combat oper- displaced; and (13) not to exceed $45,000,000 million for basic cosmetics at Iraq’s ations last May, more than half as a re- for additional activities that are specifically airport; $19 million to build a wireless sult of guerrilla warfare. American sol- targeted to advancing the social, economic, Internet system for the Iraq post of- diers have been the victims of assas- and political rights and opportunities of fice; $9 million to outfit Iraq with ZIP women. sinations, mortar attacks, rocket-pro- (l) Notwithstanding any other provision of Codes; $54 million for a computer study pelled grenades, snipers, and road this Act, amounts appropriated under the for the Iraq Postal Service. The list mines. These are all conventional heading ‘‘International Narcotics Control goes on and on and on. weapons attacks. and Law Enforcement’’ shall be increased by In fact, the budget request for the re- Earlier, senior American officials es- $50,000,000. construction of Iraq is riddled with timated that as much as 650,000 tons of (m) Notwithstanding any other provision frivolous, preposterous items. This is ammunition remained unguarded at of this Act, amounts appropriated under the not just my conclusion. The Repub- heading ‘‘Foreign Military Financing Pro- thousands of sites used by the Iraqi se- gram’’ shall be increased by $75,000,000. lican-controlled House Appropriations curity forces. This week, the New York (n) The entire amount in: Committee last week found a total of Times reported that military officials (i) subsection (b) shall be available only to $1.655 billion in questionable and un- now believe there may be as much as 1 the extent that an official budget request for necessary expenditures buried deep million tons of leftover weapons and that amount, that includes designation of within the President’s $20.3 billion re- ammunition scattered throughout Iraq. the entire amount of the request as an emer- quest for Iraq’s reconstruction. As a re- Even more troubling, the Times as- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. sult, the Republican-controlled House 95 (108th Congress), the concurrent resolu- serted that two recent suicide bomb- tion on the budget for fiscal year 2004, is Appropriations Committee reallocated ings in Baghdad and virtually every transmitted by the President to the Con- that money to other priorities. I ap- other attack on American soldiers and gress; plaud the actions of the House Appro- Iraqis were carried out with weapons (ii) subsection (c) shall be available only to priations Committee. looted from Saddam Hussein’s arsenal. the extent that an official budget request for The amendment I am proposing, and GEN John Abizaid, commander of that amount, that includes designation of which is cosponsored by Senators DUR- U.S. troops in Iraq and Afghanistan, the entire amount of the request as an emer- BIN, BIDEN, LEAHY, DORGAN, MIKULSKI, told the Senate Appropriations Com- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. LANDRIEU, and FEINSTEIN, would mirror 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget mittee last month: for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the the cuts made by the House Appropria- [T]here is more ammunition in Iraq than President to the Congress; tions Committee and reallocate those any place I’ve ever been in my life, and it is (iii) subsection (d) shall be available only funds to four areas of far more urgent all not securable . . . I wish I could tell you to the extent that an official budget request priority: $600 million to secure and de- that we had it all under control, but we for that amount, that includes designation of stroy conventional weapons in Iraq; don’t. the entire amount of the request as an emer- $386 million to accelerate reconstruc- Mr. President, we know that scores gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. tion activities in Afghanistan; $200 mil- of conventional weapons sites are not 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget secure. We know these sites are being for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the lion for disaster relief for Liberia, of President to the Congress; which $50 million is allocated from looted. We know these weapons could (iv) subsection (e) shall be available only funds in the bill; and $519 million to re- be and are being used against our to the extent that an official budget request pair critical military and Coast Guard troops. Yet the administration is ask- for that amount, that includes designation of facilities in the United States damaged ing us to believe that garbage trucks the entire amount of the request as an emer- by Hurricane Isabel. and parking garages are a higher pri- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. The projects for which the President ority than securing these weapons 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget is seeking $1.655 billion in funding have sites. for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the President to the Congress; nothing to do with protecting Amer- The President’s budget request in- (v) subsection (f) shall be available only to ican troops in Iraq, and they have cludes only $300 million in a catchall the extent that an official budget request for nothing to do with enhanced security account that lumps munitions security that amount, that includes designation of in Iraq. in with critically needed bulletproof the entire amount of the request as an emer- Why does the administration need to vests and the rapid fielding of techno- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. spend $2 million on 40 garbage trucks, logical advances. This is the same 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget at $50,000 each? Why does the adminis- budget request that includes $697 mil- for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the tration need $20 million for a 4-week lion for sewage improvements in Iraq, President to the Congress; (vi) subsection (g) shall be available only business course at $10,000 per student? $150 million for the aforementioned to the extent that an official budget request Why does a country rich in oil re- garbage trucks and landfill sites, $200 for that amount, that includes designation of serves—the second largest in the million for an America-Iraqi Enter- the entire amount of the request as an emer- world—need $900 million to import pe- prise Fund, and $110 million for some- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. troleum products? thing called Market Oriented Special- 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget According to the Congressional Re- ized Training. for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the search Service, if we purchased those Where on Earth is the administration President to the Congress; (vii) subsection (h) shall be available only petroleum products at market prices, getting its priorities? The Defense De- to the extent that an official budget request it would cost $704 million. I wonder partment needs significantly more for that amount, that includes designation of who is profiting from this sweetheart than an unspecified web of an already the entire amount of the request as an emer- deal at the U.S. taxpayers’ expense. underfunded account to accelerate the

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:28 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.010 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12781 effort to shut down Iraq’s weapons Taliban shows signs of reconstituting ingredient is the reconstruction. With- dumps. itself. The House Appropriations Com- out the people of Iraq being provided This amendment is an attempt to re- mittee allocated an additional $375 mil- with the fundamental services they store a measure of sensibility to this lion to speed up the reconstruction ef- need to conduct a normal life, sooner bill. This amendment would delete $600 forts in Afghanistan. The Senate or later the people of Iraq will turn million from some of the most egre- should do no less. So this amendment against us. They will fall prey to the gious provisions included in the Presi- adds $386 million for Afghanistan. propaganda of our enemies who say the dent’s request, and would reallocate We need to deal with the damage United States invaded, will not help those funds for the search and destruc- that Hurricane Isabel inflicted on U.S. you rebuild your country, and wants to tion of conventional weapons. military installations and Coast Guard take your oil—one of the unfortunate The amount of money that is being facilities in the United States. As sym- aspects of the vote last night. redirected to this crucial mission is not pathetic as I am to the need for gar- I don’t know if every single item the a random figure. It is equal to the bage trucks and vocational training in- administration asked for is most nec- amount of money the media has re- stitutes and employment offices in essary. I had a chance to review most ported was requested in this bill for Iraq, I am even more concerned about of these projects. More importantly, the—so far—futile search for weapons the devastation Hurricane Isabel the Appropriations Committee, in its of mass destruction in Iraq, and it is brought to a number of our east coast deliberations and hearings, did also. We the sum U.S. authorities say they military and Coast Guard facilities. had hearings in the Armed Services could use to expedite the efforts to se- The operational facilities and family Committee, of which I am a member. cure and destroy loose conventional housing units alike suffered severe This was a subject raised. weapons in Iraq. damage. I note in the amendment of the Sen- Without additional funding, and a Unfortunately, the military cannot ator from West Virginia that no funds stepped-up program, U.S. officials esti- tap into homeowners insurance when a could be used to build maximum secu- mate it could take 18 years to disarm storm sweeps through. The cost of re- rity prisons, as one example. I am sure Iraq. pairing the damage caused by Hurri- the Senator from West Virginia knows Mr. President, America’s soldiers in cane Isabel comes out of operating ex- that one of the most terrible aspects of Iraq cannot wait that long. We have al- penses or it comes at the expense of the postcombat phase is the tragic ready spent substantial sums of money other needed facility improvements. deaths of young American soldiers. in Iraq in an effort to find some scrap We have many glaring needs in Iraq What if we have no place to put these of evidence that Saddam Hussein pos- and elsewhere that the President’s people we capture who are killing sessed and was poised to use weapons of budget request fails to meet. I believe American soldiers? If we agree to the we can be far more effective than the mass destruction. amendment of the Senator from West President by redirecting a small por- In the first Iraq war supplemental Virginia, no maximum security prisons tion of the funds requested for dubious last spring, Congress approved $300 mil- can be built. lion for that purpose. For some reason, programs in Iraq to programs of obvi- No communications network: One of the administration has classified the ous and immediate priority. the greatest difficulties for the Iraqi I urge my colleagues to endorse the current funding request for the Iraq police force—that we are trying to re- reduction made by the House Appro- survey team. It is unclear to me why build and actually build—is their abil- priations Committee and to redirect this should be a classified figure. The ity to communicate with one another. the $1.655 billion in funding to secure creation of a group to locate weapons These are security projects: Traffic and destroy conventional weapons in of mass destruction is not classified. police buildings, fleet, and equipment. Iraq, to accelerate the relief and recon- Their mission to find weapons of mass It seems to me that one of the fun- struction activities in Afghanistan, to destruction is not classified. The fund- damentals and first priorities would be provide emergency relief to Liberia and ing request included in the first supple- to build a capable police force. That is Sudan, and to help the United States mental for Iraq was not classified. It Ambassador Bremer’s priority. That is military and Coast Guard recover from seems the only reason to classify that the devastation of Hurricane Isabel. an Iraqi ruling council priority. Yet we information now is to protect this ad- I yield the floor. couldn’t spend any money if the ministration from further embarrass- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- amendment of the Senator from West ment about how much it is spending to ator from Arizona. Virginia were approved to help traffic justify its largely discredited claims. Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I rise in police buildings, fleet, and equipment. This administration made a momen- opposition to the amendment. I don’t I will not go through every one of tous effort out of preparing our troops want to take too much time. The hour these items on which the Senator for attack from weapons of mass de- grows late and all of my colleagues would like to prohibit us from spending struction, and here we are losing a life would like to finish up with this legis- any money. Some of them are legiti- almost every day to common, generic, lation. mate questions. But we have hearings. conventional weapons being dug out of Everybody knows there are two That is why we have congressional piles without even a simple fence. So phases to the Iraqi conflict. One is the scrutiny. That is why there will be, accelerating the effort to secure and military phase, which for all intents when this bill is passed, a conference destroy conventional weapons in Iraq and purposes expired, finished, and was with the other body whose changes will is a matter of the highest priority. completed some months ago. Now we be considered as well. Another priority in the war against face the most difficult challenge; that Again, legitimate debate will go on terror is to speed the stabilization and is, the rebuilding and reconstruction of for years and years. Historians will reconstruction of Afghanistan. Con- this country which was damaged not judge, of the 77 Senators who voted in trary to assertions by Vice President only in the conflict—and, by the way, favor of authorizing the President of CHENEY that Iraq is the central front surprisingly little given the brevity of the United States to go to Iraq and the on the war on terror, Afghanistan, the the conflict and the enormous success 23 who voted against it, which ones Taliban, and most especially al-Qaida our military enjoyed—but mostly be- were right. History will make that and Osama bin Laden represent the cause of the cruel and criminal neglect judgment. But there is no one who be- true heart of the war on terror. And of the infrastructure and on the people lieves that once we are there in Iraq these demons are not to be found in of Iraq inflicted by Saddam Hussein. that we don’t have an obligation, an Iraq. Their power base is in Afghani- There were several mis-estimations absolute obligation, to do what we can stan. We cannot afford to forget Af- concerning the conflict. But perhaps to help them rebuild their country, ghanistan. the greatest mis-estimation was our which is a fundamental if we expect de- The President’s budget request in- failure to understand the degree of de- mocracy to take root in a place in the cludes just $799 million for relief and terioration of the goods, fundamental world which has never known it. reconstruction in Afghanistan. This is services, and infrastructure of Iraq. I travel a fair amount. I believe it is not enough. The situation in Afghani- We all know, whether we support or part of my duties as a member of the stan appears to be deteriorating as the oppose our effort in Iraq, that a vital Armed Services Committee. Frankly, I

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.036 S17PT1 S12782 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 enjoy it because I find it to be the most with this amendment rapidly. I do be- choice of whether they agree with Sen- informative way for me to be able to lieve that in the upcoming weeks and ator BYRD and me, that we should redi- understand our national security, our months we will be examining our pro- rect the money from garbage trucks to foreign policy, and many other issues. grams and progress. There are numer- securing those stockpiles of weapons, I I went to the city of Basra. I wish the ous amendments that require auditing guarantee what they will say. Senator from West Virginia could have by the GAO. They require reporting as Mr. MCCAIN. Will the Senator yield been with me. Since 1991, Saddam Hus- to how money is expended. There are for a question? sein allowed that city, the second larg- numerous requirements included in Mr. BIDEN. Sure. est city in Iraq, to deteriorate to the this legislation, both in its original Mr. MCCAIN. I noticed the Senator point where it is a total disaster. It is form and through amendments. was talking about how the money a giant slum. Stagnant water is sitting The Senator from Delaware and I would be spent in the amendment. It around everywhere. There is filth, dis- have added an amendment, that was includes $200 million available for re- ease, the threat of cholera. I notice accepted, that requires GAO auditing lief in Liberia, and $50 million should that the Senator from West Virginia of this money and how it is spent, reg- be made available for Sudan. What in wants to remove a Basra water pipeline ular reporting to the Congress. I be- Sudan would this money go for, I won- and treatment plant. lieve this money will be as heavily der. I say to the Senator from West Vir- scrutinized as any appropriation that Mr. BIDEN. I will be happy to re- ginia, if he doesn’t want to travel the Congress has allocated in history, spond to all of that in my statement. there, I would be glad to show him pic- and that is justified because this is a Mr. MCCAIN. While you are at it, if I tures of the absolute criticality of tak- huge amount of money. So I hope we may continue my question, not to ex- ing care of the sewage and waste that will understand that taking these ceed $50 million to support the Govern- abound throughout that city, if only items out of our aid to reconstruct the ment of Afghanistan. Of course, not from a humanitarian standpoint, to country of Iraq would be a serious mis- surprisingly, there is specific money save the children who are dying every take. for Fort Monroe, VA. day there because of the lack of basic The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. BIDEN. I am happy to respond. sanitation. ator from Delaware is recognized. Mr. MCCAIN. My question is, Why is Mr. WARNER. Will the Senator yield Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, let me say $50 million made available for Sudan for a question? at the outset that I am an original co- and $50 million to support the Govern- Mr. MCCAIN. I am glad to yield. sponsor of the Byrd amendment. I sel- ment of Afghanistan, which was not re- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I, too, dom have disagreements with my quested by the administration in any have traveled to the region, as has the friend from Arizona on these issues. way, not scrutinized? Congratulations; Senator from Arizona. It was clear to But I argue that this is a place where hello, Sudan; here is $50 million. me that there is a direct correlation reasonable men and women can differ. I ask my colleague, if he is concerned between the efforts to repair the infra- At the outset, I wish to be clear that about how some of the money is being structure in Iraq and, frankly, lowering I am going to support final passage of spent, should he not justify how the what is in the minds of us every day: this bill. I announced that when the amendment would like to have that the danger to the individual men and President announced his initiative. I money spent? women of the Armed Forces and the co- am sorely disappointed that the Presi- Mr. BIDEN. If the Senator will allow alition forces. On every vote I cast in dent failed to tell us how we were going me to continue my statement, I will be connection with this important meas- to pay for this, other than adding to delighted to. I was responding to the ure, I have focused and faced that sol- the debt of my grandchildren, and we comment of the Senator from Virginia, dier patroling in Iraq and said: Does are approaching a debt of $600 billion. I at the outset of my statement, as to this help him or her, or not? think that is a terrible abdication of what he thought the average soldier on I wonder how the Senator from Ari- responsibility. I do believe that, not- the ground in Iraq would think of this zona feels about this amendment in withstanding the fact that I am not amendment. My answer to that is, I be- correlation to the infrastructure and going to get what I want out of this lieve because of how the money is redi- the reduction of the risk and danger of legislation, we have no choice. To para- rected to be spent, that portion is redi- those undertaking the military mis- phrase President Clinton: We went in; rected to be spent in Iraq, most sol- sion. we broke it; we paid for it; we own it; diers—if you walked up to them and Mr. MCCAIN. I thank the Senator we have to fix it. told them Senator BYRD and Senator from Virginia who I know made a trip Let’s get to the reality. I voted to go BIDEN had this idea that, instead of to Iraq as well. Again, I am sure Am- in. It was the right vote, the correct paying $35,000 per pickup truck, we bassador Bremer will kill me, but I vote. I did not count on the incom- should pay $19,000; instead of building urge all of my colleagues. The Chair petence of the administration in han- the following $499 million worth of and I took a trip together. You cannot dling the aftermath—their failure to prisons, build $199 million worth of appreciate the degree of devastation to anticipate what many of us on both prisons now; instead of going out and that country inflicted by Saddam Hus- sides of the aisle, most think tanks, spending thirty-some thousand dollars sein—not by the U.S. military—until and the State Department warned we per unit of housing—we don’t know you see it. Yes, any student of history would have to face. Nonetheless, that who is going to live in it and how it is knows that democracy cannot take doesn’t absolve me of the responsibility going to be paid for—would you rather hold where there are no fundamental for trying to make sure it works. have us do those things or go and se- services that allow people to deal with What Senator BYRD and I and others cure those arms depots that are now issues other than their own survival. are doing here is what is the Congress’s not being secured because our adminis- And unless this democracy moves for- responsibility: we are overseeing tration tells us they don’t have the ward, then the forces in opposition whether the money asked for by a manpower or the money to do it? grow and the risk to American lives is President is being spent in the most The New York Times article that I obvious. Parts of Iraq are still up for appropriate way. That is our job. I say have lays out in detail what we all grabs; we are still trying to win the to my friend from the State of Vir- know. It says: hearts and minds of the people in the ginia, the chairman of the Armed Serv- The compound—part factory, part ware- Sunni triangle, and to say we will not ices Committee who asked my friend house, with several reinforced bunkers sprin- help them build their infrastructure, in from Arizona the question about kled about the grounds—is rubble now, de- my view, would be a serious error. whether or not this amendment would molished by American bombs. But missiles As the Senator from Virginia said, it enhance or diminish in the minds of are everywhere. There is a 30-foot missile could increase the casualties and risks the average soldier over there their se- with Russian markings, still on its trolley, on a sidewalk. The propellant appears to to the American men and women fight- curity. have been removed, but the nose cone is in- ing there. I am sure that that is not I can tell you, having been the first tact. the intent of the Senator from West Senator to go over there, that it will Two Exocet missiles—clearly labeled as Virginia. So I hope we can dispense enhance them. If you give them a such and stamped ‘‘Aerospatiale’’—lie on the

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.038 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12783 ground several hundred yards away. They I was not, nor was, I suspect, my this with you? He will remember, they seem to have been rendered largely use- friend from Arizona, surprised the said no. less by the bombing, but parts may be President came along with an $87 bil- We said: You want the $21 billion for of some value. lion request. Guess what, folks. He is reconstruction, but would you do it The best-preserved missile, the 15- going to have to come back again, even this way? footer, appeared to be another Exocet— with international support. I think They said no. Et cetera, et cetera. part of this was padded. Pad a little bit Then they said: If you let us do it, we All I am saying is I believe it is to- more of another several billion dollars could do it more cheaply. And they tally legitimate for us to sit here and so we get through the next election and said: You are wasting money. That is what they said. do what we do on every appropriations don’t have to come back. They are Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, will the bill—just as the distinguished chair- going to have to come back, whether it Senator yield? man of the committee does when the is a Democratic President or a Repub- Mr. BIDEN. I will not yield at this Pentagon says we want to build a cer- lican President. moment. I want to finish. tain aircraft. You may come along and We should level with the American Mr. WARNER. I am not asking the say we studied it, we know as much as people. This is not done. This is no- Senator to yield the floor, but the you do about it, and we don’t think you where near done, and the $87 billion other part, in fairness— should build it. will not do it. Even if we don’t put an Mr. BIDEN. I will be happy to yield The chairman and I have been here a extra penny in reconstruction from to my friend. long time. I have been here 31 years, this moment on, it is still going to cost Mr. WARNER. I do add the fact that and he has been here longer than that. us 4 billion bucks a month to keep our I was present and I recall being some- I know as much or more about this troops there. So they are going to come what concerned, I say to my distin- than Bremer. I have more experience back for that. I don’t hear anybody, I guished colleague, but they had only than he does. So I am not going to sit say to the chairman of the Armed been in office several weeks. The head here and, because Bremer—and he is a Services Committee, suggesting we are of the electricity board, a magnificent great guy—says, this is what I think, not going to have 100,000-plus troops woman, very well-skilled in technical say, yes, sir, Mr. Bremer, lord high there a year after this. matters, and the head of water and counsel, you are right. I am not going Look, all I am saying is, this is our sewage, a gentleman—I was so im- to do that. I know as much as he responsibility. Senator BYRD and I and pressed with them, but they said: We knows. others have looked at this very closely. have only been in office 2 or 3 weeks. I may be wrong. I used to tell the old I had a bill that was slightly different We ought to add that fact to the Sen- joke about the Texan. I don’t say than Senator BYRD’s. We have a slight ator’s point. I am somewhat concerned ‘‘Texan’’ now because people think I disagreement on what we would cut when you say Bremer padded. Do you am talking about the President. The and wouldn’t cut. It is called com- have any evidence on this? old joke used to be: I don’t know much promise. I wouldn’t have cut as much Mr. BIDEN. Yes, if my colleague will about art, but I know what I like. Well, out of the prisons. I didn’t do it that let me speak, I will be happy to show I may be wrong, but I know what I way, and I would have put more money you. I have not spoken once on this en- think. in other places. tire legislation since it has been on the I think in terms of priorities—and I The bottom line is this: There are floor. The answer is yes, not padding in am voting for this $87 billion, and I very serious problems that warrant our the sense they think this is some nefar- ious scheme, but I can’t fathom how voted against raiding Iraqi oil, and I attention. Yesterday, the World Bank you can justify spending $34,000 for a voted against many of the amendments and the United Nations released their pickup truck. We are not talking my Democratic colleagues have put assessment of Iraqi needs. They antici- Humvees. We are not talking armored forward. But the idea that our reallo- pate the total cost of reconstruction cating $1.7 billion out of a total of $21 personnel carriers. We are talking through 2007 will be on the order of $56 plain old Ford pickup trucks. Where billion is somehow going to ruin this— billion. That is $35 billion above what the heck do you get that? That may hey, if you want to go back and look at we are about to vote on. not be padding in the sense—and I am the record at who is more likely right From where is it going to come? not suggesting there is some nefarious in predicting what will happen in Based on what we were told by Ambas- activity going on here. I am saying it Iraq—Bremer, the Defense Department, sador Bremer, if all goes well, Iraqi oil is better for them to err on the side of CHENEY, or me—I will take that bet. will generate—and I appreciate his can- having this a higher number than a These guys have an incredibly lousy dor—$5 billion to $6 billion a year lower number now, and the reason is track record on judging what was going above and beyond the operating ex- because they know they are going to to take place after Saddam fell. penses through the year 2005. That still have to come back. They know this is The only point I want to make is, we leaves you $20 billion short. not going to get the job done. are not doing anything radical. We are I remember talking with the chair- As the predecessor to my friend JOHN saying: Hey, look, don’t pay 30-some man of the Armed Services Committee MCCAIN—and I do consider him a great thousand bucks a pickup truck. Pay 19 when I came back from my trip. He is friend—his predecessor, Barry Gold- like you do at home. Some of us think, an incredible gentleman, I must say, water, with whom I served, used to say: and I am one of them—clearly, no one and straight as an arrow. He said: Joe, In your heart, you know I’m right, speaks for the Senator from West Vir- what did you think? Is there enough oil John. In your heart, you know I’m ginia ever, so I am not pretending to there? I think he will remember this. right. This is not going to be enough. speak for him. He may not wish to as- I said: Our folks over there said, Mr. They are going to have to come back sociate himself with the remark I am Chairman, no; oil can’t pay for this, again. about to make. But the fact is, I think can’t get it done. I can’t understand some of the ear- there is some padding in this request. I Guess what. We all acknowledge oil marks in this request. I don’t deny the think they padded this request because can’t get it done. good intentions, but as I said, and I they don’t want to come back to us I have joined Senator BYRD, Senator know my colleagues are not saying again. DURBIN and others, not because I op- this, but for me not to have the right Remember, I said this on the Senate pose the underlying request, but be- to question their judgment on what is floor, and I hope I am proved to be cause I think it needs to be improved— right for Iraq would be a little like my wrong—this is a dangerous thing to do, it seems that this request was not ade- saying the Armed Services Committee to make a prediction before all the quately vetted by the Office of Manage- has no right to question the judgment world on the floor of the Senate—but ment and Budget. of the Joint Chiefs of Staff when they the prediction I made and many others In addition to that, as my friend make a recommendation as to what made, not just me, 9 months ago was from Virginia remembers, we sat in a they need. this was going to cost us billions of leadership meeting with the three lead- The point I am making here is, we more dollars. Guess what. It is costing ing Iraqi members of the council from are talking about essentially redistrib- billions of more dollars. Iraq. We asked them: Did anybody vet uting, reallocating, as we do on every

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:28 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.061 S17PT1 S12784 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 single bill, $1.655 billion of this money celerate securing and destruction of It is impossible to know how much has to other purposes. We are not even cut- Iraqi’s vast stockpiles of conventional been looted from this factory. In the desert ting it. We are not eliminating it. We weapons. about five miles away is the shell of a truck. are not building housing in Dubuque, I ask unanimous consent that an ar- Bedouins said the truck had belonged to ticle entitled ‘‘At Iraqi Depot, Missiles looters who were captured several weeks ago which we should, or Wilmington—wher- by Americans. ever. We are just saying we don’t think Galore And No Guards’’ by Mr. Bonner and Mr. Fisher of the New York Times The desert sand around where the truck a portion of what you are asking for is was found is littered with mounds of mortar appropriately allocated. October 17, 2003, be printed in the and artillery shells. Most of them appeared Let me tell you what we want to do. RECORD. to have been defused, but a few live, small Among the items in our amendment, There being no objection, the mate- rockets, as well as several hundred live large we cut $100 million that is going to be rial was ordered to be printed in the caliber rounds, were found among the litter. used to build 3,258 housing units. Do RECORD, as follows: It is not clear how the munitions got here. they need housing units in Iraq? Yes, [From the New York Times, Oct. 17, 2003.] The issue of unguarded Iraqi ammunition they do. Should the international com- AT IRAQI DEPOT, MISSILES GALORE AND NO dumps has taken on greater urgency re- munity go along with that and help re- GUARDS cently as the pace of bomb attacks against build the Government? Yes, they (By Raymond Bonner and Ian Fisher) American forces and other targets has in- creased. Military officials say much of the MUSAYYIB, IRAQ, Oct. 16.—It weighs more should. But this seems to be a dis- explosives being used in the attacks come than a thousand pounds, so carting it away proportionately large sum relative to from ammunition sites like this one, which could present a few logistic problems for the the small number of units that will be had once belonged to Mr. Hussein’s army. built. average looter. But the fact remains that there is a very nice 15-foot-long missile, in As if to underscore the threat, six rockets It is also unclear for whom these mint condition, there for the taking, at one were fired on Wednesday into the green zone units are being built and whether the of Saddam Hussein’s defense factories a few in Baghdad, the heavily guarded cocoon that residents are going to be paying for miles west of here. protects senior American officials, including housing when it is built. We just need The missile, along with a dozen ready-to- L. Paul Bremer III, the top civilian adminis- some facts. It doesn’t mean we are fire 107-millimeter antitank rounds, just a trator. No one was hurt. It was the second never going to come back and help peo- few feet away, is part of a problem that the such attack. ple with housing. While we cut $100 American military has only begun to grapple After American troops took over in Iraq, with: as much as one million tons of ammu- they were confronted with an astonishing million from, I think, this dubious pur- nition is scattered around Iraq, much of it number of obvious weapons caches: in pose—dubious in the sense that in unguarded—like the armaments here—sim- schools and mosques, and in houses in neigh- terms of priorities—we have left intact ply because the United States does not have borhoods where the residents had apparently $130 million for government buildings the personnel to keep watch. been moved out before the war. and other construction projects, as On Thursday in Baghdad, an American Sometimes those dumps exploded, killing brigadier general, Robert L. Davis, acknowl- well as $240 million for roads and and wounding people and stoking Iraqis’ edged the scope of the problem, saying that anger against the Americans. bridges. there are 105 large ammunition dumps as We also cut $200 million from the well as scores of smaller sites, not all of Soldiers are finding more dumps every day. American Iraqi Enterprise Fund. En- them guarded regularly. But General Davis, General Davis said that in one military zone terprise funds can be very effective in who is overseeing the cleanup, sought to give in northern Iraq, commanders first reported places where there is no prior expertise assurances that the Pentagon is working as 730 weapons caches. More recently, the num- or entrepreneurship. As we heard re- fast as possible. ber climbed to 1,089, though General Davis said all but 12 had been destroyed. peatedly in the Foreign Relations Com- In the past three weeks alone, he said, re- mittee from witnesses of this adminis- cently deployed private civilian contractors General Davis said the military had not ig- have destroyed more than 2.5 million pounds nored the problem. He said that the Pen- tration for the last year and a half, the of ammunition, whereas American soldiers tagon had hired private contractors, but that Iraqis are very sophisticated folks. were able to destroy only a million pounds in they had only been working about three They need capital; they don’t need en- the last six months. weeks and were still not here in full force. terprise funds. They are good business- ‘‘It’s a very high priority,’’ General Davis ‘‘I don’t think we’ve been slow to recognize men. told reporters. the problem,’’ he said. ‘‘You can already see But on Thursday, not a single soldier or This is not like going into Liberia the difference in what we could do in about guard was to be seen at this compound in the a six-month period and what they can do in and trying to get a business class edu- desert 40 miles south of Baghdad. A few a three-week period at partial mobilization.’’ cated. That is what we do with enter- Iraqis wandered about, and vehicles drove on prise funds. This is an established, edu- the roads in the compound; one man drove While he said the job of guarding the cated business class. Businessmen are off on his three-wheeled motorcycle with a dumps was not under his command, he said not in short supply in Iraq. The coun- bounty of long sections of pipe. many of them were either protected by Evidently, American soldiers were here American soldiers or at least patrolled regu- try has a strong business community, larly. even if it was squeezed under Saddam’s during the war. Their graffiti attests to that—‘‘Saddam Free Zone,’’ ‘‘Go Team USA But he conceded that some were not. ‘‘I rule. In fact, we might be able to learn #1.’’ Apparently, they left before thoroughly don’t know why we could not guard them a thing or two about Middle Eastern searching the site, or perhaps they simply all,’’ General Davis said. commerce by working with Iraqi busi- lacked the time or expertise to clean it up. Another military official said that 6,000 nessmen, not to mention getting more The compound—part factory, part ware- American soldiers had been assigned to man- value out of our assistance fund. house, with several reinforced bunkers sprin- ning the dumps, but that more were needed. kled about the grounds—is rubble now, de- That was one of the things said by General Davis said $285 million had been the Iraqis who came to see us from the molished by American bombs. But missiles are everywhere. There is a 30-foot missile allocated in the next year to clean up the Iraqi Governing Council. They said: with Russian markings, still on its trolley, ammunition, a job that he said would take Let us get in on these contracts. Let on a sidewalk. The propellant appears to several years. Iraqi businessmen build some of this have been removed, but the nose cone is in- Right now, there are 160 civilian contrac- stuff. We will employ more Iraqis. We tact. tors from four private companies, with an- will do it more cheaply. We know the Two Exocet missiles—clearly labeled as other 120 in Kuwait. In total there will be 430 business. such and stamped ‘‘AEROSPATIALE’’—lie people dedicated to destroying the ammuni- tion when the operation is at full capacity in Again, keep in mind what we are on the ground several hundred yards away. They seem to have been rendered largely December, he said. talking about here. Out of $21 billion, useless by the bombing, but parts may be of we are talking about reallocating $1.655 some value. Mr. BIDEN. I would ordinarily read billion of it. The savings we think The best-preserved missile, the 15-footer, it, but I know a lot of my friends want should be obtained by these and other appeared to be another Exocet, though be- to head home, and I do not want to cuts we apply to critical programs in cause of the container’s position against the hold them up very much longer in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Liberia. wall, only the cone could be seen. The writ- terms of keeping us late today. Now I hope I can answer some of the ing on the shipping tube, in French and No one doubts this is a critical issue, English, was inconclusive. questions my friend from Arizona Outside in the rubble was a shoulder-fired dealing with and securing this stock- raised. First, we have redirected $600 SA–7, a Russian-made surface-to-air missile, pile of conventional weapons, which million in savings to the Army to ac- caked with dirt. our military tells us on the ground is

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.065 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12785 now being used in more sophisticated as all of us who pay a lot of attention ayatollahs who control the military ways by the old Fedayeen, by the to what is going on in Iraq know is why and all the security apparatus. You thugs, by the old Iraqi Army, by the the Baghdad Airport is not open. have a failed state on your east and a people attacking us. The need in this We are going to get all this com- failed state on your west. You have an area is enormous. merce going in Iraq. We have the Sec- incredibly emboldened Iran. Kiss good- Consider these facts: The head of the retary of Commerce over there saying bye modernity—the fancy word we like central command, General Abizaid, tes- invest in Iraq; it is a good deal. The to use for modernizing the Arab world. tified before the Senate Appropriations airport cannot even be open. Why? Be- Kiss goodbye democracy. Committee on September 24: cause we cannot account for—and this We cannot afford to let Afghanistan There is more ammunition in Iraq than is not a criticism; it is an observa- fail. anyplace I’ve ever been in my life. tion—shoulder-fired missiles that have So, just as in Iraq—and my friend Continuing: gone missing from these stockpiles. from Arizona and I agree we need more And it is all not securable. In case someone thinks I am exag- forces in Iraq, not fewer. I am getting He goes on to say: gerating, the coalition put the word my brains kicked in for that and he is, out on the street, we will pay 500 bucks too, but we are right. We have General I wish I could tell you that we had it all under control but we don’t. to anybody—it is like a gun retrieval Abizaid saying we don’t need more program in Richmond or Wilmington— forces. Guess what. We can’t secure General Abizaid estimates Saddam who brings in that shoulder-held mis- these depots. Come on. If you can’t se- Hussein amassed 650,000 tons of ammu- sile and gives it back to us. Three hun- cure the depots, why can’t you secure nition. That is about a third of the en- dred Iraqis have walked up to coalition them? Because you don’t have the tire United States military stockpile. soldiers with a shoulder-held missile forces. Take all of the amassed ammunition and said, here is a missile. Where is my Oh, I get it. Then you don’t need the the United States of America has 500 bucks? forces because you don’t think these stockpiled, with our close to $400 bil- These weapons can fetch as much as 650,000 tons of ammunition matter. Is lion military budget, and Saddam has $5,000 on the black market. Do I need that what you are saying to me? amassed about a third that much, and to explain to anybody on this floor—I Mr. WARNER. Will my colleague 650,000 tons is sitting in Iraq right now. clearly do not—how porous the Iraqi yield? Now, of that 650,000, only 70,000 to border is? Every day the administra- Mr. BIDEN. I will not yield. I will not 80,000 tons have been secured by the tion is talking about Iranians crossing yield. I am almost finished, and you American military. Why? They do not the border, about al-Qaida, about ter- can have the floor, and I will be happy have the manpower. CENTCOM has es- rorists. Here we are unable to account to discuss it in any way. timated it will take 5 years to destroy for hundreds of shoulder-held missiles To keep the continuity of the point I those weapons already confiscated. that are selling for $5,000 on the black am trying to make here, the same I say to my friends, as important as market. thing exists in Afghanistan. They don’t housing is, that is more important. Again, to make the point, do my col- have the money to do what this admin- General Abizaid, and these are his leagues think our soldiers would rather istration says it wants to do. So guess words, not mine. According to a front- have us be able to confiscate those mis- what. We are trying to help them. We page story in USA Today of September siles and not let any more get out or are trying to help them. So we are re- 30: spend $30,000 for a pickup truck? Given allocating $386 million of the $1.655 bil- Coalition forces had uncovered 102 large Iraq’s porous borders, this is a disaster. lion, out of $21 billion. We are reallo- caches of small arms throughout Iraq and hundreds of more smaller caches. A large Second, our amendment redirects cating it where we think—we may be cache is defined as requiring at least 10 trac- $386 million of the $1.655 billion from wrong, but we have a right to think tor-trailer loads to remove. Of the several what we believe to be nonemergency it—to allocate it where we think it is hundred arms caches, 50 remain unguarded, spending to Afghanistan in areas where needed. monitored only by cameras. Easy access to every dollar counts. That is less money Where will it go in Afghanistan? Mr. arms and explosives poses the most imme- than I would like to see devoted to Af- President, $75 million of that $366 mil- diate threat to coalition troops. ghanistan, but it is nearly a 50 percent lion will go to the Afghan National That is what I meant when I said to increase in the funds the President re- Army, which currently pays, I might my friend from Virginia I believe he quested. add—do you know how much they pay? asked the coalition troops what they We held a hearing yesterday with the Let’s everybody remember this. I know are most worried about, if they are administration in our Foreign Rela- we know it, but sometimes there are so worried about whether Senator BYRD tions Committee. They are pointing many facts it is easy to forget. and I are cutting housing money and out to us they do not have the money, We are trying to get an army in Af- garbage trucks and adding it to getting I say to my friend from Arizona, to ghanistan that is made up of Tajiks, these arms caches, or whether they train up the ANA, the Afghan National made up of Pashtun, made up of all the would rather have us build the housing Army, because, as we both know, the ethnic groups. That is what we are try- and the garbage trucks. President announced after he came ing to do. You know, that is our objec- Experts estimate there are enough back from Tokyo the new Marshall tive. But right now the war lords, who guns in these stockpiles to arm each plan for Afghanistan—not BIDEN’s historically control them all and have and every one of Iraq’s 25 million peo- words, not MCCAIN’s words, not WAR- armies bigger than the national army, ple. The same USA article says: An NER’s words, but Bush’s words. He an- are paying their armies that they have AK–47 with ammo can be bought on the nounced the Marshall plan for Afghani- made up—they are paying them a fair street, as we both know, having been stan, God love him. Well, guess what. amount of money. They are also the there, for 10 bucks. The Marshall plan is the Marshall biggest opium traders, now, in the People are walking around after without the general, because the world. going to these caches and saying, I money is not there. Do you know what we are paying the have a little AK–47 with all the ammo, So what is Karzai saying? We have Afghan Army, what Karzai gets to pay 10 bucks will get it for you. this new plan to train up immediately them? It is $50 a month—$50 a month. A story last Wednesday in the New the ANA, the Afghan National Army. We went back and looked, Senator York Times: There is not enough money. So we say LUGAR and I. That is less money than U.S. can’t locate missiles once held in arse- we are going to take $386 million of we are paying the guy to clean the la- nal of Iraq. this and give it to spend in Afghani- trines in the army barracks where we They related that coalition soldiers— stan. are training them. that is basically American soldiers, al- Now, why Afghanistan? Look, there Look, I am not a businessman, as is though there are brave Poles and brave are bookends around a little country often pointed out to me by my Repub- Brits, but we are the bulk of it—have called Iran, with 40 million people, lican friends. But let me tell you, if I been unable to locate possibly hun- which is seeking a nuclear weapon. It am trying to attract from the warlord dreds of shoulder-fired missiles, which is now run by an oligarchy made up of in Herat, Ismael Kahn, some of his

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.067 S17PT1 S12786 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 folks to come and join the Afghan Na- major projects. I ask staff to correct message with $1.5 billion of the $20 bil- tional Army, then it seems to me I me if I am wrong here, but I believe a lion. That is an oversight responsi- have to be able to compete in the mar- road project from Herat to Kabul, bility of the Congress, whether it is ketplace for them. Fifty dollars? being built by the international com- Iraq, whether it is a missile system, or So what do we do? We follow munity with U.S. funds, is considered whether it is a leave-no-child-behind through. We follow through with what essential but they don’t have enough proposal for education. the administration says it needs. We money to finish it. So guess what. We I want to emphasize again that I in- give them the money. We give them, of are helping out. We think it is a higher tend to vote for this supplemental bill, this money, 75 million more dollars to priority to build that road than it is to notwithstanding the fact—because I train up an Afghan National Army. reestablish the swamps now in Iraq. have nothing left but a Hobson’s choice Again, why is that important? The This is all about, as my dad, who just here—we are not paying for it the way reason that is important is, as long as died, used to say: we should. We are just sending it to the we do not have an Afghan National Joey, if everything is equally important to deficit column. Army, we have to have American you, nothing is important to you. I believe we have a responsibility to forces there. I don’t want American You have to prioritize. We are scrutinize the bill before us, decide on forces to stay there, which is the ad- prioritizing based on what Senator priorities, and to cut spending that is ministration’s rationale. I agree with BYRD, who views Iraq very differently not the highest priority and direct the rationale, just as we are saying in than do I, and I know is the best bang those funds to efforts which we think Iraq, train up an indigenous force as for the buck in United States interests. have been shortchanged. That is pre- quickly as you can. It provides $41 million for more sup- cisely what our amendment does. It is What are we trying to do here? What port for human rights, free elections, precisely what our Republican col- we are trying to do here is meet the ob- and the day-to-day functioning of the leagues on the House Appropriations jective stated. The objective stated is Karzai government. Committee have done. train up, as fast as you can, an army. Moreover, this amendment provides I will conclude by saying the reason So we give them $75 million more. We funds for priorities that are completely I amended my legislation to conform take $50 million, I say to my friend omitted from the Administration’s re- with that of my friend from West Vir- from Arizona—and there is account- quest. ginia precisely is because he is a smart- ability under the existing legislation— It provides $45 million for projects er parliamentarian and legislator than for more police. targeted to women and girls. anybody here. He knows the chances of The one thing everybody says in Af- It gives $50 million for drought relief this becoming law are increased in di- ghanistan, which I have also visited, is and other urgently-needed water rect proportion to the degree to which that we don’t have enough police, espe- projects. It directs $25 million to help it matches with the House. What we cially outside of Kabul. The local Gov- internally-displaced people, most of have done is take the House language, ernors and mayors cannot control whom had returned from squalid ref- which I would like to modify in the Kandahar, cannot control all the var- ugee camps abroad only to find that margins—and I expect maybe Senator ious cities. We already have a program their homes were scarcely less horrific. BYRD would even like to modify in the for police. We say: We are going to give Finally, our amendment also adds margins. But as an old bad joke goes, it you $50 million more for that program. $200 million for Liberia. is close enough for government work. We also increase schools. The Administration made a glaring What will happen is it gets us on the You say: OK, Biden, now you get the oversight by not including a request same page and will not slow up, if this fuzzy stuff, $55 million for schools. You for Liberia funding in its request. Our passes a conference, reporting out this just got done saying you don’t want amendment corrects that deficiency. entire bill and the money getting to housing in Iraq, but you take Iraqi There is a glimmer of hope for a last- where it needs to be. housing money and use it for schools? ing peace in Liberia after nearly 14 I know no one, particularly the four Simple reason: The Saudis and the years of civil war. President Charles leading Senators on this floor, includ- Wahabi extremists have built 7,000 Taylor has been forced out of the coun- ing myself—the Senator from Alaska, madrasahs, 7,000 hate-spewing institu- try, and the UN has begun to deploy a the Senator from Virginia, the Senator tions in the country of Afghanistan. 15,000 person peacekeeping force. from West Virginia, the Senator in Ari- President Karzai says: Help me. We’re not part of that force, but we zona—I know them. I have watched My friend, the Presiding Officer, is a should be a part of the effort to help them for years and years. None of them very well educated guy. He remembers Liberia recover from over a decade of believes we should be a rubberstamp. I why so many people in the Middle Ages violence and misrule. am not about to be a rubberstamp, nor sent their kids to monasteries. It Over the course of the war, Liberia’s are any of them. This is our honest as- wasn’t because they wanted them all to development has taken a quantum leap sessment of what we should do to make be priests. It was because they had a backwards. There is no running water this $21 billion go further with greater roof over their heads, three square or electricity in the capital. priority, more rapidly, and enhance our meals, and clothes on their back. They The current generation of school- chances at success in both Iraq and Af- were ready to trade for that, in their aged children in Liberia is less literate ghanistan. Remember: The President’s view, to have them indoctrinated or than the preceding one. proposal covers both Iraq and Afghani- otherwise. That is why the people are Nearly one hundred thousand people stan. in madrasahs. have been forced out of their homes I yield the floor. Karzai said—listen, I spent hours and are living in make-shift camps. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- with him, as many of you have—I need Sickness and hunger have affected ator from Arizona. more schools. How can I get you to much of the population. Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I want take your kid out of that madrasah un- The State Department has estimated to be extremely brief. less I have someplace to put him? that $200 million in assistance will be We spent a long time on this amend- Guess what; $20,000 will hire you a needed from the U.S. to assist Liberia ment. There are other amendments schoolteacher for a year and build you over the next year. Our amendment pending. I in no way criticize or take a rudimentary school in Afghanistan. provides the State Department with exception to the rights of the Senator Then we take $38 million for public the full amount that it says will be from Delaware, nor the Senator from health and $15 million for road con- needed. West Virginia. In fact, I wish more struction. I am about to conclude, believe it or would exercise scrutiny in the work of I will not go into any more detail. I not, folks. The fact is, we are not the Appropriations Committee. But I apologize for taking this long, but it is eliminating this fund. We are not in think we ought to know what this the first time I have spoken on this en- any way fundamentally altering what amendment is about. It is taking $1.65 tire matter. this administration is asking. billion from the reconstruction of Iraq We heard testimony in the Foreign We are saying that the Congress, and putting it to work in Fort Monroe, Relations Committee about one of the based on priorities, sends the wrong VA, the Sudan, Liberia—places that

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.069 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12787 are worthy and deserving, perhaps. The want to continue this. We have a dif- tory. It is for the same reason Tito had purpose of this legislation is to provide ference of opinion as to this amend- the same kind of caches all over the money for the military and reconstruc- ment and to how the money should be former Yugoslavia. He trusted no one tion of Iraq plus Afghanistan. Tough spent. But to take money from Iraq anywhere, and he wanted to be certain choices have to be made on other and send it to Fort Monroe, VA, which that if he was ever deposed or moved, issues. is a worthy cause, is not appropriate he would have access to a cache suffi- I share the concern of the Senator for the way this bill was designed. cient to keep him in the game. That is from Delaware about the situation in Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, on that why it is done. Read history. Afghanistan. But I don’t share his one point, there is a compromise. It is Lastly, we have looked at that. We open-ended desire to send money just a good one. We essentially reprioritize do know there is money for battlefield to the Sudan, just to Liberia, and an- and stand by those priorities. cleanup. This goes well beyond the de- other open-ended $75 million for for- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, if I pots. Assume that the Senator is right, eign military financing programs. could direct a question to my col- that it is sufficient; it is not sufficient I think we need to stick to what we league, first, I hope in the course of to do the whole job. have. It has already been examined by this debate we have not impugned in Lastly, in response to my ques- the Appropriations Committee. It has any way the integrity of Ambassador tioning, Paul Bremer is a fine man. I been examined by all Members. I hope Bremer. have come back praising him. However, the motion to table will be agreed to. Mr. BIDEN. Just his judgement; I you are entitled to question a person’s Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, will the mean that sincerely. judgment—I am not questioning his Senator yield? Mr. WARNER. That is an important motive—just as the Secretary of De- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I would addition the Senator just made because fense was entitled to question the judg- be happy to yield and enter into a col- this is a man who uprooted himself ment of General Shinseki. He did not loquy and questions with the Senator from a difficult situation here at home, say he was not an honorable man. The from Delaware and to address my good volunteered to go over there, and, as day a U.S. Senator, particularly one friend from Arizona. the Senator knows, those living condi- with 30 years of experience, can not Mr. BIDEN. I will be very brief. tions are not the best. question the judgment of an ambas- Senator MCCAIN raises an important Mr. BIDEN. Absolutely. sador is the day we should close up this point about the Sudan. Why are we all Mr. WARNER. The point being, he is shop. He may be right; I think he is of a sudden sending money to the on the scene 14 hours a day. He is work- wrong. I am just questioning his judg- ment. Sudan? The answer is that this amend- ing. I do not think these are the prior- ment does not send funds to Sudan. I Mr. BIDEN. Agreed. Agreed. ities. To state it another way, $19.5 bil- know of no one other than Senator Mr. WARNER. When the Senator lion of this we are not even talking Howard Metzenbaum who scrutinizes says he has experience and he under- about. legislation more precisely than my stands things, I defer to that. I have a I yield the floor. friend from Arizona. The legislation great deal of experience, and he does, Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, there which the committee reported out and too. I admire him. He knows that. But is some concern about the individual which we are about to vote on—$21 bil- my point is we certainly have to have items pledged. We are going to take lion—and which we are debating right a degree of confidence in those who care of the problem of some of the allo- now contains an additional $150 million render their best judgment on the var- cations that have been listed in the re- for new complex emergency funds in ious items. port from Mr. Bremer’s office about addition to the $100 million already in The Senator raised the question, and how this money should be spent. the bill. That is what is in the legisla- I have a document here to refer to. If I I ask unanimous consent Senator tion. If this amendment passes there could just pose a question, the Senator BOND be added as an original cosponsor will be an additional $150 million avail- pointed out the seriousness of these to Cantwell amendment No. 1857. able for complex foreign emergencies vast ammunition depots. No matter The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and these funds shall be available for how great Saddam Hussein may have objection, it is so ordered. the Sudan. Notice I didn’t say these been with his military—from the Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I am a funds are for the Sudan—they are debriefings, they have no explanation cosponsor of this amendment, which I available to the Sudan. The reference why he put in every corner of Iraq strongly support. in the Byrd amendment will allow these enormous caches of ammunition. I will be brief. Senator BYRD has al- these funds to go to the Sudan. The Senator from Delaware brings out ready described in detail what the That is what the administration said the necessity to go in and eradicate amendment does. they are working on: to spend part of those in various ways as quickly as It has only been a few weeks since the White House sent us a bill for $87 this complex emergency funding. They possible so they do not fall into the billion for Iraq and Afghanistan. This have already said as it came out of the hands of those who are acting against amendment deals with the $21 billion committee that they want to spend us. that the President wants for recon- some of this $100 million—$250 million The point I wish to make is, in the struction activities in these countries. if our amendment passes—in the document and carefully buried in the Of that amount, only $799 million—less Sudan. We didn’t make this up out of $67-plus billion for the Department of than 1⁄20th—is for reconstruction in Af- whole cloth. We are giving them more Defense is the specific item of $300 mil- ghanistan, a country where the stand- money than they are likely to want to lion for initiatives for battlefield ard of living for most people is reminis- spend on the Sudan. It is not like all a cleanup. It is in there. You don’t have cent of the Middle Ages. sudden we picked out Northern Ireland, to take it out of other portions. That is It is also a country whose former and, by the way, why don’t we help in addition to $24 billion for the De- Taliban government harbored Osama them, too. That is a generic point. partment of the Army which they are bin Laden, and in doing so enabled al- Mr. MCCAIN. I think the Sudan is going to expend for those purposes. Qaida to plan the attacks of September important. I don’t think it is as impor- Has the Senator examined in detail 11. But for whatever reason, and de- tant right now, to be honest with you, to know that some of the items he is spite the difficulties and dangers that as the projects the Senator from West asking for, such as the cleanup of the our troops and our aid workers are fac- Virginia cuts out: Iraqi national com- battlefields, is already included? ing in Afghanistan, the White House munity network, maximum security Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I have. I has only asked for a tiny fraction of prisons, traffic police, water pipelines, have looked in great detail. That is not these supplemental funds to be pro- treatment plants, on and on. These are just for ammunition dumps. That is vided to Afghanistan. cut out so we can send money to the across the board. I have looked at what the adminis- Sudan. I also point out the military said tration wants this $21 billion for. Much We have taken a long time here. Our there is no explanation for why Sad- of it makes sense. But there are ex- colleagues are getting restless in their dam would have these caches all over penses here unlike any I have seen be- offices all over the Capitol. I don’t the country. I suggest we look to his- fore in a foreign aid bill.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.072 S17PT1 S12788 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Let me be clear. We all want to help eat, not enough fuel for the winter, and Mr. REID. Maybe afterwards. Iraq. But we also have a duty to pro- many tens of thousands remain home- Mr. STEVENS. I leave that up to tect the taxpayers’ money, and this re- less. Senator BYRD, whether he wants to quest is extravagant. Women and girls continue to face speak before or after. Let’s look at just a few examples. great hardships. Girls schools are being Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, in re- These are some of the amounts we are destroyed. Health care remains a sponse, I think everything has been being asked to spend for these items, dream for millions of rural Afghans. said as far as I, personally, am con- for Iraq, compared to how much it The crop of opium poppy is the larg- cerned. I would say that a good bit has would cost if they were purchased right est in years. been said about the funding for a pris- here in the United States: $33,000 pick- The list of needs is long, but a little on. There are funds in the bill for 26 de- up trucks; $6,000 satellite telephones; money can make a big difference in Af- tention facilities. It will take years to $400 million to build two prisons; and, ghanistan if it is spent wisely—not for build the new prison that is proposed studies costing tens of millions of dol- internet access, but to build primary by the President. I don’t know how a lars. schools and irrigation systems. prison that will not be finished for What is going on here? Who is prof- The $386 million that would be trans- years protects our troops today or to- iting from these unnecessary expenses? ferred to Afghanistan in this amend- morrow or a year from now. I find it We know who isn’t—U.S. taxpayers. ment mirrors what the House Appro- hard to imagine that our troops would We have never, in my 29 years here, priations Committee did last week. be protected by projects such as this. given foreign aid on such a scale to a Both Democrats and Republicans in As far as I am concerned, I am ready country that in a few years could be the House agreed that these funds were to yield back time. the second largest oil producing nation better spent in Afghanistan. For health in the world. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there clinics, to train and equip the army, any objection to the unanimous con- Help Iraq, yes. But $20 billion? All at for anti-drug programs, for irrigation, once? Out the door, with no real strings sent request as modified? to support elections and governance. Without objection, it is so ordered. attached? And for things like this? The amendment also provides $45 There are communities in our own Mr. STEVENS. As I understand, million for programs that specifically country that don’t have internet ac- there is an allocation of 15 minutes for help women, and $25 million for Af- cess, whose citizens can’t get free com- Senator KENNEDY; is that correct? ghans who are internally displaced and puter training, that need new garbage The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- need emergency aid. trucks, or police cars, or prisons. The ator is correct. The Senator from West This amendment would bring the list goes on and on. Virginia still controls 71⁄2 minutes. total in this bill for reconstruction in This amendment attempts to make Mr. REID. I ask unanimous consent Afghanistan, a country of 22 million the best use of the funds in this bill, by the previous order be amended to with- impoverished people, a country that cutting $1.6 billion of the Iraq recon- draw the time of Senator KENNEDY. could easily revert to a terrorist haven, struction funds and shifting them to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to slightly over $1 billion. That com- other needs, including for urgent hu- objection, it is so ordered. pares to $20 billion for Iraq, a country manitarian needs in Afghanistan, Libe- Mr. STEVENS. Senator BYRD still of 25 million people with a standard of ria and Sudan. has time. living that already far exceeds what Frankly, I think we should cut more The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- than $1.6 billion. From what I have most Afghans could dream of. ator has 71⁄2 minutes, and the Senator seen in the meager justification mate- Let’s inject a little common sense into this process. Both Iraq and Af- from Alaska has been allocated 2 min- rials we got from OMB, there is a lot of utes prior to a motion to table. money here that is going to be spent on ghanistan need help. Both are security issues for the United States. Mr. BYRD. I yield back the remain- consultants and for things that the der of my time. Iraqis could do themselves for a frac- I thank the Senator from West Vir- ginia for his amendment. Mr. STEVENS. I merely point out, as tion of the cost. the Washington Post editorial did on But at least this amendment would Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Wednesday, rebuilding the electricity get at some of the unnecessary things, unanimous consent when I yield the grid, fixing the water supply system, and use the funds for things that are floor that I be permitted to yield to getting oil flowing, maintaining public necessary. Senator BYRD to finish his remarks. He safety is all central to the hopes for Senator BYRD has spoken about the has time remaining on his allocation; use of $600 million to locate and de- following his remarks, I be recognized stability and a representative govern- stroy ammunition caches in Iraq, that for the purpose of making a motion to ment that is the means of getting our are the source of weapons being used to table the Byrd amendment. I would troops back. kill and maim our troops. It is beyond like to have 2 minutes for my time be- I have had conversations—as a mat- comprehension why the Pentagon has fore making that motion to table. I ask ter of fact, I just could not answer a not acted sooner to deal with this prob- the two cloakrooms as a courtesy to call from Ambassador Bremer. I have lem. This amendment would finally ad- Senators at lunch to send out word great admiration for him. He has said dress it. there will be a vote on a motion to there is no doubt the funds will help But I want to speak briefly on the table within 15 minutes. contribute to the peace and stability of $386 million that would be transferred I further ask that the time on that not only Iraq but the entire region to programs in Afghanistan, because I vote not be 10 minutes because people being stabilized. To deny them will don’t think there is anyone here who are out of the building and they have delay the return home of our U.S. would not agree that we need to do to return. I ask this amendment not be troops. more to prevent the situation in Af- a 10-minute vote, that it be a regular I understand there is pending an un- ghanistan from unraveling. My friend vote. derlying amendment and second-degree from Kentucky, the chairman of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there amendment. I make a motion to table Foreign Operations Subcommittee, objection? the underlying amendment which will Senator MCCONNELL, just returned Mr. REID. I ask my friend to modify take both amendments, if I am success- from Afghanistan. I am sure he saw the request. I just received a message ful, and I ask for the yeas and nays on how urgent the needs are. from the cloakroom that Senator KEN- that amendment. The Karzai government is fragile, at NEDY wishes to speak for 15 minutes. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a best. Warlords continue to rule vast The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there sufficient second? areas of the country. Our troops are in objection to Senator KENNEDY also There is a sufficient second. a continuing fight with al-Qaida and being allowed to speak for 15 minutes? The yeas and nays were ordered. remnants of the Taliban, who strike Mr. STEVENS. I have no problem The PRESIDING OFFICER. The from their sanctuaries in Pakistan. with that. I just ask his time occur question is on agreeing to the motion Many Afghans remain displaced, liv- after or before Senator BYRD’s time but to table the amendment. The clerk will ing in squalor. They have too little to at his discretion. call the roll.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.015 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12789 The legislative clerk called the roll. amendments and any final debate, the Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I was off Mr. MCCONNELL, I announce that bill be read a third time and the Senate the floor, and I am not sure whether the Senator from New Mexico (Mr. proceed to vote on passage of the bill, the chairman asked for a vote on the DOMENICI) is necessarily absent. with no intervening action or debate. I Bond-Mikulski amendment. Mr. REID, I announce that the Sen- further ask unanimous consent that Mr. STEVENS. I have not. ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) when the Senate receives from the Mr. BOND. We would like to have a is necessarily absent. House H.R. 3289, the House companion, vote on that amendment. This is an ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there that all after the enacting clause be tremely important amendment pro- any other Senators in the Chamber de- stricken and the text of S. 1689, as viding veterans health care. It will be siring to vote? amended, be inserted in lieu thereof; vitally important. I would like to have The result was announced—yeas 51, that the bill then be read for a third a recorded vote. nays 47, as follows: time and passed, with no intervening Mr. STEVENS. I have an objection to [Rollcall Vote No. 396 Leg.] action or debate. that. I have to withdraw the request. YEAS—51 I further ask unanimous consent that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The re- Alexander Dayton McConnell following passage of the bill, the Sen- quest is withdrawn. Allard DeWine Miller ate insist on its amendment, request a Mr. STEVENS. I suggest the absence Allen Dole Murkowski Bennett Ensign Nickles conference with the House, and the of a quorum. Bond Enzi Roberts Chair be authorized to appoint the full The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Brownback Fitzgerald Santorum Committee on Appropriations as con- clerk will call the roll. Bunning Frist Sessions The legislative clerk proceeded to Burns Graham (SC) Shelby ferees on the part of the Senate. Campbell Grassley Smith The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there call the roll. Chafee Gregg Snowe objection? Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I ask Chambliss Hagel Specter Mr. LEAHY. Reserving the right to unanimous consent that the order for Cochran Hatch Stevens the quorum call be rescinded. Coleman Hutchison Sununu object. Collins Inhofe Talent Mr. WYDEN. Reserving the right to The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Cornyn Kyl Thomas object. CORNYN). Without objection, it is so or- Craig Lugar Voinovich The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- dered. Crapo McCain Warner ator from Oregon. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I NAYS—47 Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, I do not renew my request, but I ask that all Akaka Durbin Levin intend to object. I want to clarify, references to votes be deleted. We have Baucus Edwards Lincoln based on the discussions we have been no agreement on how many votes there Bayh Feingold Lott will be. We believe there will be four, Biden Feinstein Mikulski having with the distinguished chair- Bingaman Graham (FL) Murray man of the committee, the Dorgan- maybe five, maybe six. Boxer Harkin Nelson (FL) Wyden amendment involves a number The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Breaux Hollings Nelson (NE) of savings provisions. We are going to objection, it is so ordered. Byrd Inouye Pryor Cantwell Jeffords be working with the chairman’s staff Mr. STEVENS. Senator BYRD is first Reed Carper Johnson Reid and the staff of Senator BYRD. We in line. Clinton Kennedy Rockefeller think we can find common ground on a AMENDMENT NO. 1886 Conrad Kerry Corzine Kohl Sarbanes provision that will save upward of $1 Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I send to Daschle Landrieu Schumer billion. I withdraw my reservation. the desk an amendment. Stabenow Dodd Lautenberg Mr. LEAHY. Reserving the right to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Dorgan Leahy Wyden object. clerk will report. NOT VOTING—2 Mr. STEVENS. The Leahy amend- The assistant legislative clerk read Domenici Lieberman ment, the Dorgan amendment, the as follows: The motion was agreed to. Boxer amendment, Domenici, and the The Senator from West Virginia [Mr. Mr. STEVENS. I move to reconsider Bond amendment will be worked out BYRD] proposes an amendment numbered the vote, and I move to lay that mo- with the managers and accepted with- 1886. tion on the table. out a vote. Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I ask unan- The motion to lay on the table was Mr. LEAHY. Reserving the right to imous consent that the reading of the agreed to. object, to make sure we are clear on amendment be dispensed with. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I have this, on the Leahy amendment, am I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without a unanimous consent request to make correct, Mr. President, the yeas and objection, it is so ordered. that will terminate the consideration nays have already been ordered? The amendment is as follows: of this bill if the Senate will listen. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Yes, they (Purpose: To prohibit the use of funds for the I ask unanimous consent that the have. The Senator from Vermont is involuntary deployment overseas in sup- only remaining amendments in order correct. port of Operation Iraqi Freedom of mem- be the following: Senator BYRD, regard- Mr. LEAHY. We would need, am I bers of the National Guard and Reserves ing flexibility of money, 10 minutes further correct, Mr. President, a fur- who have been involuntarily deployed for equally divided; Senator BYRD, Na- ther unanimous consent request to vi- more than six months during the preceding tional Guard deployment, 10 minutes tiate the yeas and nays on the Leahy six years) equally divided; Senator BYRD, amend- amendment? At the end of title I, add the following: ment No. 1819 as a substitute, 10 min- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- SEC. 316. No funds appropriated or other- utes equally divided; Senator ator from Vermont is correct. wise made available by this Act may be obli- gated or expended for the involuntary de- BROWNBACK, an amendment on rescis- Mr. STEVENS. I thought this unani- ployment overseas in support of Operation sion of money, 20 minutes—15 minutes mous consent request says there are Iraqi Freedom of a member of the National for him and 5 minutes for the manager only four votes left? Guard or Reserves if that member has been of the bill. Those will be the last votes. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there involuntarily deployed for any period of six We also have the Leahy amendment; objection? months or more during the six-year period the Dorgan amendment on oil; the Under the unanimous consent re- ending on the date the involuntary deploy- Boxer-Schumer amendment on shoul- quest propounded, there will still be a ment overseas would otherwise commence. der-fired missiles, as modified by the requirement to vitiate the yeas and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- two managers; Senator DOMENICI wish- nays on the Leahy amendment. ator from West Virginia. es to speak for 5 minutes; and we have Is there objection to the unanimous Mr. BYRD. I thank the Chair. a Bond amendment which we believe consent request? Mr. President, the National Guard will be adopted and will not require a Mr. BOND. Reserving the right to ob- has been stretched to the breaking vote. We have at this time four votes. ject. point. Not since the Korean war has I further ask unanimous consent that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the United States deployed so many upon the disposition of the above-listed ator from Missouri. members of the National Guard and the

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.041 S17PT1 S12790 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Reserves. Right now, more than 160,000 is no question it causes strain on the Guard, and that guidance says they members of the National Guard and the families and causes strain on employ- should not be subject to more than one Reserves are on active duty around the ment opportunities. long deployment every 6 years. That world, and more reservists are getting I have talked to members of the Re- has enabled them to continue their ci- ready to ship out to Iraq. serves who have been stationed from vilian pursuits and their family life- Last month, the President activated my State. They are concerned about styles. Of course, that can be waived in 10,000 more guardsmen for service in the effect on employment. All of these times of national emergency, as it is Iraq and put an additional 5,000 troops things, however, are what we need to right now. But to impose this manage- on alert. More callups are doubtlessly deal with without taking a hatchet to ment restriction on the President as in the works. I have heard from many the effectiveness and the utility of the Commander in Chief I think would se- families anxious to know when their Guard and the Reserves. It is not hard verely begin to limit, for planning and deployed loved ones might return to assume that if one looks at the pro- other purposes, the utility of the Guard home. I expect that all Senators have vision that no one who has been de- and Reserve. received similar letters and telephone ployed in the past 6 years could be de- I remember serving under Secretary calls. ployed in Operation Iraqi Freedom, of Defense Melvin Laird when the con- All of these families expressed a deep that would probably have wiped out all cept of the total force was evolving, frustration with the open-ended, of the most experienced and most need- and that is that men and women of the unfocused deployment of Guard and ed people in the Guard and Reserves. Guard are respected and treated with Reserve units. While the Nation’s cit- Whatever we do, we do not want to equal effectiveness as those of the reg- izen soldiers are proud to serve their take away from the important mis- ular Active Forces. I think this would country overseas, they also have obli- sions the Guard and the Reserves play be a very serious step backward in gations at home. These part-time sol- with this blanket prohibition across what I believe has been an absolutely diers are full-time doctors, firemen, po- the board that all of the Guard and Re- glorious contribution by the National licemen, and a host of other roles serve who have gained experience, per- Guard and the Reserve Forces for some which are critical to the security of haps serving in Afghanistan, perhaps years now in their deployments in the American communities. We must do serving earlier in Iraq, perhaps serving war on terrorism. better to balance their commitments in Bosnia or Kosovo, cannot be sent to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- at home with their deployments over- Iraq. We hope that if this supplemental ator’s time has expired. seas. is passed, we will be bringing troops Mr. BYRD. How much time do I have The amendment before the Senate home sooner rather than later, particu- remaining? will help to relieve the strain that is larly if we give the full $87 billion to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- being placed on our citizen soldier. It the President. That will be undercut if ator from West Virginia has 2 minutes would prohibit the involuntary deploy- this blanket prohibition goes through. 13 seconds remaining. ment of a member of the National I have heard previously from the lead- Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, we need to Guard or the Reserves to support Oper- ers, the Guard caucus, the members of restore predictability in the lives of ation Iraqi Freedom if that member the Guard in August, and others, who those who serve in the National Guard has been deployed for a period of more do not believe such a prohibition is and the Reserves. This amendment than 6 months in the previous 6 years. worthwhile. would stop the back-to-back deploy- This amendment would put an end to I yield to the Senator from Alaska. ments that are straining the Guard and the back-to-back deployments that are Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, how the Reserves to the breaking point. It causing the most strain on our reserv- much time remains? adopts the approach suggested by none ists and their families. The PRESIDING OFFICER. There other than Secretary Rumsfeld. Our The amendment is based in part upon are 21⁄2 minutes remaining. men and women in the National Guard the direction that Secretary Rumsfeld Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I point and the Reserves need relief from their issued on July 9, 2003, that members of out that Senator BYRD’s amendment long missions in Iraq. We should not the National Guard and Reserves would prohibit the obligation of funds look to other units of the Guard and should not be subject to more than one to deploy to Operation Iraqi Freedom a Reserve for relief. We need more help, long deployment every 6 years. We are member of the National Guard or Re- and it all boils down to this point that engaged in a long-term occupation mis- serves if that member has been invol- we should have thought of long ago, sion under hostile circumstances. untarily deployed for any period of 6 that we need more help from the inter- There are better ways to get the troops months or more during the 6-year pe- national community. It is the adminis- we need for this mission than calling riod ending on the date the involuntary tration’s fault that that help has not tens of thousands of Guard and Reserve deployment overseas would otherwise been sought more diligently, more troops away from their homes, away commence. timely, and more intensely. from their jobs, away from their com- As I understand it, that would mean I yield back the remainder of my munities for 1 year at a time. these people could be deployed to Paki- time. I reserve the remainder of my time. stan, Afghanistan, or anyplace except The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- to Iraq, where they are needed most. ator from Alaska is recognized for a ator from Alaska. When the Senator has completed his motion. Mr. STEVENS. There is 10 minutes time, I ask that I might be recognized Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I move equally divided. I yield our 5 minutes to make a motion to table the amend- that the Senator’s amendment be ta- to Senator BOND, chairman of the Na- ment. bled. I ask for the yeas and nays. tional Guard caucus. How much time remains? The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- sufficient second? ator from Missouri. ator from Alaska has 11⁄2 minutes re- There appears to be a sufficient sec- Mr. BOND. Mr. President, we have maining. The Senator from West Vir- ond. addressed this matter before. I think ginia has 2 minutes 13 seconds. Mr. STEVENS. I ask that this be the all of us are concerned about the time Mr. STEVENS. I yield the remainder first vote in the stacked order when we that has been taken up with the Na- of our time to Senator WARNER, but I agree to a time later and ask that we tional Guard and Reserve being de- ask at the end to be recognized to temporarily set aside this amendment ployed overseas. This, however, is what make a motion to table the amend- so we might take up the next amend- they signed up for. We are in a war on ment. ment on the list. terrorism. The war in Afghanistan and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. REID. What was that, Mr. Presi- the war in Iraq are very important and ator from Virginia. dent? critical elements in that war. We be- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I would Mr. STEVENS. I asked that the lieve the Defense Department has to be simply say, briefly, the Secretary of amendment be set aside temporarily more concerned about the time the Defense has issued policy guidance that after the yeas and nays have been or- Guard and Reserve are deployed. There covers members of the Reserve and dered so we may have a series of

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.044 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12791 stacked votes later on. There is an- Sununu Thomas Warner The point is that there is a long list other Byrd amendment, a third Byrd Talent Voinovich Wyden of specifics dealing with reconstruction amendment, and a Brownback amend- NAYS—15 in Iraq that are not urgent and are not, ment. We wish to consider all of those Akaka Graham (FL) Kennedy in fact, emergencies. The House Appro- and have stacked votes after they are Boxer Harkin Nelson (FL) priations Committee deleted these. Byrd Hollings Pryor completed. Cantwell Inouye Rockefeller When they deleted them, they indi- Mr. REID. Would the Senator yield? Dayton Jeffords Sarbanes cated these were not emergencies and were not urgent. As a result of that, Mr. STEVENS. Yes. NOT VOTING—3 Mr. REID. I have spoken to the dis- Senator WYDEN and I have put together Alexander Domenici Lieberman tinguished Senator from West Virginia. an amendment that deletes the iden- He desires to have a vote right now. The motion was agreed to. tical accounts from the reconstruction The Senator has made a motion to Mr. STEVENS. I move to reconsider part of this bill as the House cut, which table. the vote. comes to $1.655 billion. Mr. STEVENS. Well, I did make a Mr. LOTT. I move to lay that motion In addition, our amendment cuts $200 motion to table. I apologize to the Sen- on the table. million from the amount the adminis- ator from West Virginia. I thought we The motion to lay on the table was tration is requesting to import fuel had an understanding we would go agreed to. into Iraq, which the Congressional Re- through these and have one series of AMENDMENT NO. 1887 search Service indicates may be in ex- votes that would be 10 minutes apiece. Mr. STEVENS. I ask unanimous con- cess to what is actually needed. Mr. REID. That was not the agree- sent there be 10 minutes on the Dor- I ask my colleague Senator WYDEN if ment. gan-Wyden amendment, 4 minutes he could comment on that piece of the Mr. STEVENS. All right. The Sen- apiece for Senators DORGAN and legislation. In total, our amendment ator is entitled to his vote, if there is WYDEN, and 2 minutes for myself. would reduce the reconstruction piece an objection to putting it off. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of this legislation by $1.855 billion from The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the objection, it is so ordered. the $20.3 billion requested for Iraq re- Senator wish to withdraw his motion The clerk will report the amendment. construction. to table? The legislative clerk read as follows: I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. STEVENS. No; we will just go to The Senator from North Dakota [Mr. DOR- GAN], for himself and Mr. WYDEN, proposes an ator from Oregon. the vote. The other request was ob- Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, obvi- jected to. amendment numbered 1887. The amendment is as follows: ously $87 billion is an eye-popping sum The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- of money, and taxpayers want the Con- tion is heard. (Purpose: To reduce unnecessary spending gress to turn every penny over twice. for reconstruction in Iraq) The question is on agreeing to the That is what Senator DORGAN and I motion to table amendment No. 1886. On page 25, strike lines 7 through the colon have done. We’ve gone through every on line 18, and insert the following: The yeas and nays have been ordered. number with a sharp pencil. This The clerk will call the roll. For necessary expenses for security, reha- bilitation and reconstruction in Iraq, amendment, without in any way ham- The assistant legislative clerk called $18,449,000,000, to remain available until ex- pering the efforts to deal with the the roll. pended, to be allocated as follows: grave concerns in Iraq, could save tax- Mr. MCCONNELL. I announce that $3,243,000,000 for security and law enforce- payers $1.8 billion. the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- ment; $1,318,000,000 for justice, public safety For example, in a report for Senator ANDER) and the Senator from New Mex- infrastructure, and civil society; BINGAMAN and myself, the Congres- ico (Mr. DOMENICI) are necessarily ab- $5,560,000,000 for the electric sector; sional Research Service found $200 mil- sent. $1,900,000,000 for oil infrastructure; $4,332,000,000 for water resources and sanita- lion could be saved in connection with I further announce that if present tion; $500,000,000 for transportation and tele- the purchase of petroleum products. and voting the Senator from Tennessee communications; $370,000,000 for roads, They have indicated it would be sig- (Mr. ALEXANDER) would vote ‘‘Yes.’’ bridges, and construction; $793,000,000 for nificantly cheaper to buy gasoline in Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- health care; $153,000,000 for private sector de- neighboring countries such as Saudi ator from Connecticut (Mr. LIEBERMAN) velopment; and $280,000,000 for education, ref- Arabia and Turkey. is necessarily absent. ugees, human rights, democracy, and govern- Without the Dorgan-Wyden amend- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there ance: ment, in effect, the Senate would be any other Senators in the Chamber de- Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, when saying to the American taxpayers the siring to vote? this bill was considered by the House Federal Government cannot get a bet- The result was announced—yeas 82, Appropriations Committee there were ter price per gallon for gas when buy- nays 15, as follows: a number of reconstruction spending ing a 30-day supply of gas for a country [Rollcall Vote No. 397 Leg.] requests for Iraq they decided to de- the size of California than you and I lete. For example, the House Appro- YEAS—82 could get at the gas station just down priations Committee deleted $4 million the street from the Capitol. Allard DeWine Levin for a telephone numbering system, $9 Allen Dodd Lincoln So we believe this is an important Baucus Dole Lott million for ZIP Codes and a postal ar- amendment. I have worked on these Bayh Dorgan Lugar chitecture, $10 million to modernize issues with a number of colleagues, Bennett Durbin McCain the business practices of the Iraqi tele- OLLINS Biden Edwards particularly Senator C . We are McConnell vision and radio industries, $312 million able to get competitive bidding now on Bingaman Ensign Mikulski Bond Enzi Miller for unspecified transportation and all of the contracts. The Dorgan-Wyden Breaux Feingold Murkowski communication projects, including cos- amendment complements this effort. Brownback Feinstein Murray Bunning Fitzgerald metic improvements at airports; $100 I particularly want to thank Senator Burns Frist Nelson (NE) million to build 7 housing communities STEVENS and Senator BYRD for working Campbell Graham (SC) Nickles including roads, schools, mosques, mar- closely with us to be able to save at Reed Carper Grassley kets, clinics; $200 million to establish least $1.8 billion, at the end of this de- Chafee Gregg Reid Chambliss Hagel Roberts an American-Iraqi Enterprise Fund; $90 bate, in a responsible fashion, in a fash- Clinton Hatch Santorum million to open public information cen- ion that will not injure our troops, that Cochran Hutchison Schumer ters in Iraq’s 266 municipalities; a will not injure the reconstruction ef- Coleman Inhofe Sessions Collins Johnson Shelby month-long catchup business training fort. Conrad Kerry Smith course at $10,000 per pupil, which is This is a significant step forward for Cornyn Kohl Snowe twice as much as the Harvard Business the Senate, and I urge my colleagues to Corzine Kyl Specter School would cost for an equivalent pe- support this amendment, and thank Craig Landrieu Stabenow riod; and $100 million to buy 2,000 gar- again Senator STEVENS for working Crapo Lautenberg Stevens Daschle Leahy bage trucks. with us.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.047 S17PT1 S12792 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The legislative clerk read as follows: President can just reallocate it. The ator from Alaska. The Senator from West Virginia [Mr. heck with the bill. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, is all BYRD], for himself, Mr. LAUTENBERG, Mr. Mr. SARBANES. Will the Senator time yielded back on the other side? SARBANES, Mr. FEINGOLD, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. yield for a question? Mr. WYDEN. Yes. JEFFORDS, and Mr. DAYTON, proposes an Mr. BYRD. Yes. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, we amendment numbered 1888. Mr. SARBANES. I say to the Senator have agreed to take this to conference. Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I ask unan- from West Virginia, this is a very im- The House has deleted approximately imous consent that reading of the portant item. We do this provision, we the same amount of money. I do not amendment be waived. set out all these numbers— think it is precisely the same items The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. BYRD. Yes. covered but very close. The allocations objection, it is so ordered. Mr. SARBANES. We link the num- are close to what the House made. We The amendment is as follows: bers with particular activities, and want to do our best to work in con- (Purpose: To eliminate the flexibility given then, when you go over and look at the ference. We accept the fact the Con- to the President to reallocate all of the next page, and look at the fine print, $20.3 billion Iraq Relief and Reconstruction gress is going to reduce this bill, but I Funds, without approval by Congress) you discover the President can reallo- cate the funds provided under this do want to make certain the urgent On page 27, line 9, strike ‘‘Provided fur- needs particularly of oil production are ther, That the President may reallocate heading. met. funds provided under this heading:’’ This is giving the President I know the Senator from Oregon and On page 27, line 21, strike ‘‘used for such $20,304,000,000 in effect to do as he I may have a little disagreement on purpose’’ and insert ‘‘shall be available only pleases, without reference to the that. I do not think he disagrees that to the extent that the funds are made avail- money figures that are set out. all production means should be really able in a subsequent appropriations act’’. We may argue about how much On page 12, line 11, strike, ‘‘, and in addi- modernized sufficiently so we can be tion such funds as necessary, not to exceed should be appropriated and what it assured of that oil production. That oil $5,000,000,000, as approved by the House and should be appropriated for, but there production is essential to Iraq taking Senate Appropriations Committees, Sub- ought not to be any argument it is the on their own future. committees on Defense’’; Congress that is to determine what the We will work in conference. Senator On page 15, strike Section 312; appropriations are to be and what the DORGAN will be in the conference, so we Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I offered money is going to go for. To simply will keep them informed of what is this amendment on behalf of myself, hand over $20 billion, and then have a going on. But we are going to take this Mr. LAUTENBERG, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. clause that enables the President to amendment and adopt it. As I said, it is FEINGOLD, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. JEFFORDS, use it for any of these purposes he quite similar to what the House has and Mr. DAYTON. chooses is to completely abdicate the done, and we are going to work it out On page 27 of the supplemental bill it congressional responsibility and the to the best of our ability, to use this reads: power of the purse. money and prioritize it in a way that Provided further, That the President may Mr. BYRD. It does. The Senator has meets the needs of those people who reallocate funds provided under this heading. stated the situation very well. have the job to do in Iraq. Those 12 little words, disguised as Our forefathers disdained even a I yield back the remainder of my legalese, mean the President can spend gentle master. Now here we are, we time and ask for the adoption of the $20.3 billion for the reconstruction of come along, and we pass this bill with amendment. Iraq in any manner in which he pleas- these provisions, fulfilling the control The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time es. The fine print in the bill allows the of the power of the purse by the Con- is yielded back. President to spend $20.3 billion in Iraq gress, and then we turn around and Without objection, the amendment is as he pleases. say: The President may reallocate agreed to. On page 27 I believe we find this lan- these funds as he pleases. The amendment (No. 1887) was agreed guage, beginning on line 9. This is page Do we want to be like that? I am not to. 27, line 9, of the bill: ready to make a King George. It is Mr. STEVENS. I move to reconsider Provided further, That the President may President George Bush now. I am not the vote. reallocate funds provided under this heading. ready to make him King George Bush. Mr. DORGAN. I move to lay that mo- The President may reallocate those If that is what you want to do, this is tion on the table. funds regardless of what the rest of the place to start. The motion to lay on the table was this bill may say under this heading. So I hope Members will vote for my agreed to. The President may reallocate this. amendment. Congress should retain its The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Now, if we want to make the Presi- power of the purse. But always read the ator from Alaska. dent a king, this is the place to start. fine print. That is what the fine print Mr. STEVENS. Now, Mr. President, All those who believe in a monarchy in says. Senator BYRD has an amendment No. this country, support this against my Then the supplemental bill also gives 1819, 10 minutes equally divided. amendment. That is what it says. Read the Secretary of Defense the authority I ask the Senator, are you prepared the fine print: to transfer among accounts up to $5 to go forward now? Provided further, That the President may billion of the $65.6 billion in funds for Mr. BYRD. Yes. reallocate funds provided under this heading. the military. Mr. STEVENS. I thank the Senator. What is the heading? The heading is The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- as follows: ‘‘Iraq Relief and Recon- ator’s time has expired. ator from West Virginia. struction Fund.’’ So that is the head- Mr. BYRD. Very well. AMENDMENT NO. 1888 ing. And in the very first line, it reads I hope the Senate will support my Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, may I say as follows: amendment. to the distinguished manager of the For necessary expenses for security, reha- Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I agree bill, Mr. STEVENS, I wish to go forward bilitation and reconstruction in Iraq, with Senator BYRD that the more that with the amendment protecting the $20,304,000,000, to remain available until ex- one reads the fine print of this legisla- powers of the Congress, striking broad pended, to be allocated as follows. tion, the worse it gets. The budget doc- new executive authorities. And then it goes right down the line, ument submitted by the Coalition Pro- Mr. STEVENS. Which amendment is item after item after item after item, visional Authority, CPA, leaves one that? and the dollar amounts. And then come with the distinct impression that Mr. BYRD. No. 1888. over here to the fine print. Now hear money will be spent on specific items. Mr. STEVENS. Very well. me. Look at the fine print: For example, $9 million will be spent Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I send the Provided further, That the President may on projects for ZIP Codes, $100 million amendment to the desk. reallocate funds provided under this heading. will be spent on the witness protection The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Here is what it does. Here is what it program, $75 will be spent on irrigation clerk will report. does to the bill. It tears it up. The pumps. And so on and so forth.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.051 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12793 But, after a little digging, one uncov- This is about our responsibility. This The result was announced—yeas 49, ers a provision on page 27 of the supple- is about watching out for the tax- nays 46, as follows: mental appropriations bill that the payers’ money. This is about making [Rollcall Vote No. 398 Leg.] Senate is now considering. This is a sure the Senate does not become a YEAS—49 provision that the administration re- rubberstamp for blank checks. Allard Dole Murkowski quested. It says ‘‘Provided further, We should not give this power to this Allen Ensign Nickles That the President may reallocate administration or any other adminis- Bennett Enzi Roberts funds provided under this heading.’’ tration. I urge my colleagues to sup- Bond Fitzgerald Santorum Brownback Frist Sessions What does this means? It means that port the Byrd amendment. Bunning Graham (SC) The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Shelby you can take the CPA’s 53 page budget Burns Grassley Smith justification and throw it in the gar- ator from Alaska. Campbell Gregg Snowe Chafee Hagel bage can. Its just for show saying how Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, we had Specter Chambliss Hatch extended in the previous supplemental Stevens much money is appropriated for any Cochran Hutchison Sununu item in this bill. What the Senate is similar discretion to the President. Coleman Inhofe doing is giving the President all of the During the period of great change, such Collins Kyl Talent Thomas money for Iraq reconstruction, and as the global war on terrorism, we have Cornyn Lugar Craig McCain Voinovich saying ‘‘do what ever you want with done that since from September 11, Crapo McConnell Warner it.’’ 2001. This provision in our bill does not DeWine Miller eliminate or reduce congressional over- If you want to doubled the amount of NAYS—46 money for pickup trucks and pay sight. Every transfer of these funds above the threshold must be—notice Akaka Dorgan Levin $66,000 a truck instead of $33,000 a Baucus Durbin Lincoln truck, go ahead. must be given in advance to the Appro- Bayh Edwards Mikulski If you want to buy even more sat- priations Committee and the Senate Biden Feingold Murray ellite phones, go ahead. If you want to Armed Services Committee. Bingaman Feinstein Nelson (FL) We have done this in the past, and it Boxer Graham (FL) Nelson (NE) spend more money on wireless inter- Breaux Harkin net, which many American commu- is necessary for the future. We put up Pryor Byrd Hollings Reed Cantwell Inouye nities don’t have, go ahead. If you want the money. They come to us and tell us Reid Carper Jeffords to slash money for refugees or police how they are going to spend it. We ap- Rockefeller Clinton Johnson Sarbanes training, go ahead. If you want to prove it or modify it, but we have over- Conrad Kennedy spend every dollar to pay consultants, sight, and we continue to have over- Corzine Kohl Schumer go ahead, because, Mr. President, it is sight. Daschle Landrieu Stabenow up to you. The commander of the special oper- Dayton Lautenberg Wyden It is certainly true that the Presi- ations command seeks and needs au- Dodd Leahy dent can spend the money the way it is thority to prevent new terrorist cells NOT VOTING—5 spelled out in the CPA’s budget jus- from forming. We have enormous needs Alexander Kerry Lott tification. from the combatant commander who Domenici Lieberman But, nothing, absolutely nothing, in really has the key job in Iraq in fight- The motion was agreed to. this legislation requires the President ing the war on terrorism that is now Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, if I to even come close to meeting the developing even more intensely in Iraq can have the attention of Senators, I amounts that are justified to Congress. after the magnificent victory of our have three amendments we have This is not some inside-the-beltway, forces. We believe the authority is no worked out. We have one more to work policy-wonk issue. This issue is about different than what the Congress has out. I ask unanimous consent that the Constitution. This issue is about approved in the past. there be 1 minute for Senator BOXER our duty as Senators. Madam President, has all time been and 1 minute for Senator SCHUMER to The Constitution unequivocally gives yielded back? explain the modification of their the Congress the power of the purse. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. MUR- amendment, which we will accept. I And this provision all but hands over KOWSKI). The time of the Senator from have a statement to make with Sen- the power of the purse to the President West Virginia has expired. ator DOMENICI on his amendment. Sen- with respect to Iraq reconstruction. It Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I ator BROWNBACK has his amendment. essentially says ‘‘you decide, because yield back the remainder of my time. I He has agreed to limit his remarks to we won’t’’. move to table the amendment, and I 8 minutes, and we have 5 minutes if we It sets a dangerous precedent. And, ask for the yeas and nays. want to use them after that. we all know that once we give away au- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a I remind the Senate, after these thority to the executive branch, it is sufficient second? amendments are handled, there will almost impossible to get that genie There appears to be a sufficient sec- just be one more vote. We then have to back in the bottle. ond. proceed to a vote on final passage. I un- Moreover, this new authority is com- The question is on agreeing to the derstand there are some Senators who pletely unnecessary. motion to table amendment No. 1888. wish to make a statement before final We didn’t include this provision in The clerk will call the roll. passage. the previous Iraq supplemental. The legislative clerk called the roll. Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield? The administration never complained Mr. MCCONNELL, I announce that The Senator from Florida, Mr. that we did not give them enough flexi- the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- GRAHAM, was going to speak. He has bility before. Why should we do this ANDER), the Senator from Mississippi now indicated he will very briefly ad- now? Like last time, we can easily (Mr. LOTT), and the Senator from New dress the Senate and make his speech come up with an approach that gives Mexico (Mr. DOMENICI) are necessarily after the passage of the bill—I assume the administration the flexibility it absent. passage. Senator BYRD is going to needs, but maintains important protec- I further announce that if present speak for up to 25 minutes. tions to ensure the money is accounted and voting the Senator from Tennessee Mr. STEVENS. Before passage? for. (Mr. ALEXANDER) would vote ‘‘yes.’’ Mr. REID. Before passage. We are This provision is not unlike the use Mr. REID, I announce tha the Sen- still working with Senator LEAHY on of force resolution that we passed last ator from Massachusetts (Mr. KERRY) our side. fall. Congress has the sole responsi- and the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Mrs. BOXER. Will the Senator yield? bility to declare war. LIEBERMAN) are necessarily absent. Mr. STEVENS. After those speeches, Instead of having a vote on that, we I further announce that, if present there still will be a vote on final pas- passed a resolution that said, ‘‘Mr. and voting, the Senator from Massa- sage. President, you decide.’’ chusetts (Mr. KERRY) would vote AMENDMENTS NOS. 1807, AS FURTHER MODIFIED, Let’s not go down that road again. ‘‘nay.’’ 1850, AS MODIFIED, AND 1860, AS MODIFIED, EN This is not some partisan issue. I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there BLOC would be saying the same thing if a any other Senators in the Chamber de- Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I Democrat was in the White House. siring to vote? send to the desk three amendments

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.022 S17PT1 S12794 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 that have been cleared by both sides: spend these funds virtually any way it military leadership is no accident. It is Senator LEAHY’s amendment No. 1807, wants, including humanitarian, recon- possible because we maintain pres- which is on the list; Senator CLINTON’s struction, long-term development, or tigious, world-class military academies amendment which is amendment No. security assistance. which train some of the best and 1850, which is on the list; and Senator The amendment is fully offset. It brightest minds in America in the art HARKIN’s amendment which is amend- does not add a dime to the Iraq supple- and science of war. ment No. 1860. Two of them are modi- mental. But Americans also have a long his- fied. I ask that they be modified and Relief groups with operations in Li- tory as a peace-loving people. Time and presented to the Senate so we may call beria strongly support this amend- again, we have brokered peace between them up en bloc. ment. Catholic Relief Services, Am- warring nations, and we have inter- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without nesty International and a range of vened to head off potential conflicts. objection, the amendments are consid- other NGOs strongly support this The Institute of Peace draws on this ered en bloc and agreed to en bloc. amendment. proud tradition, and today makes a The amendments were agreed to, as Mr. President, I want to thank the vital intellectual investment in the art follows: cosponsors of this amendment Senators and science of peacemaking. AMENDMENT NO. 1807, AS MODIFIED COLEMAN, BIDEN, LIEBERMAN, DASHLE, Today’s Institute of Peace is the (Purpose: An amendment, with offsets, to REID, FEINGOLD, REED, LAUTENBERG, fruit of a dream and vision that goes provide emergency assistance to the people LANDRIEU, and JEFFORDS. back to our Nation’s Founders. Ben- of Liberia) I especially want to thank the chair- jamin Banneker, often called ‘‘the first On page 29, line 17, strike ‘‘$100,000,000, to man of the Appropriations Committee black American man of science,’’ and remain available until expended’’ and insert for working with me on this amend- physician Benjamin Rush, a signer of ‘‘$200,000,000, which shall be made available ment. This amendment will be adopted, the Declaration of Independence, noted for assistance for Liberia of which and lamented the Constitution’s failure $100,000,000 shall be derived by transfer from and I will not insist on a rollcall vote. funds appropriated under any other heading This is a very important amendment to establish a Department of Peace to of this Chapter’’ and I am glad that the Senate has balance the Department of War. In On page 29, line 18, after ‘‘heading’’ insert acted decisively to approve it. their correspondence with Thomas Jef- ‘‘, shall remain available until expended, Mr. HARKIN. Mr. President, I thank ferson in 1792, Banneker and Rush envi- and’’ the managers of the bill for accepting sioned a ‘‘Peace Office’’ which would be (Purpose: To provide for an audit of funds ap- my amendment, directing that $13 mil- on an equal footing with the Depart- propriated under this Act by the General lion of the relief and reconstruction ment of War and would be charged with Accounting Office, and for other purposes) funds in the bill may be used to facili- promoting and preserving perpetual On page 28, line 15, before the period, insert tate inter-ethnic and inter-religious di- peace in the United States. the following: Provided further, That funds George Washington also supported appropriated under this heading shall be alog, conflict resolution activities, sup- port rule-of-law programs and train the establishment of a Peace Office. made available to the General Accounting And his support was not just casual. He Office for an audit of all funds appropriated Iraqi leaders in democratic principles. under this Act, including tracking the ex- In my view, the United States Institute believed that such an office should be penditure of appropriated funds, a compari- of Peace is uniquely qualified to under- an essential pillar of the new Nation. son of the amounts appropriated under this take these activities. When he died in 1799, Washington’s last Act to the amount actually expended, and a We have been debating the Presi- will and testament bequeathed in per- determination of whether the funds appro- dent’s request for $87 billion in supple- petuity 50 acres in Potomac County to priated in this Act are expended as intended be used ‘‘toward the endowment of a by Congress. mental funds for Iraq and Afghanistan. At times, it has seemed that we in the university—under the auspices of the AMENDMENT NO. 1860, AS MODIFIED general Government.’’ This bequest (Purpose: to provide up to $13,000,000 for con- Senate agree on very little. But there is one goal that I believe every Senator was intended to make possible the flict resolution, rule of law and democracy proper ‘‘Peace Establishment’’ that activities) strongly endorses: We all want to bring President Washington had written On page 28, line 15, insert before the period: our American troops home from Af- : Provided further, That of the funds appro- ghanistan and Iraq as soon as possible. about as early as 1783. priated under this heading, up to $13,000,000 Without so much as batting an eye, More recently, in a 1980 report by the may be made available to facilitate inter- we appropriate billions for war, billions Matsunaga Commission strongly rec- ommended the establishment of the ethnic and inter-religious dialogue, conflict for weapons, and billions for post-war resolution activities, support rule of law pro- United States Academy of Peace. In reconstruction. Meanwhile, it seems grams, and train Iraqi leaders in democratic the course of more than 70 meetings that we overlook one key activity— principles. and hearings all across the United conflict resolution and peacemaking. Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, let me States, Senator Matsunaga of Hawaii Conflict resolution and peacemaking take a very short time to summarize and other Senators surveyed the full must be addressed specifically and not what amendment No. 1807 does. This is range of threats to world peace, and ex- simply as a by-product or hoped for a very important amendment offered plored ways to counter those threats. by myself and the Senator from Rhode outcome of rebuilding roads and repair- After much thoughtful debate a com- Island. ing infrastructure. promise was reached and the United The Chafee-Leahy amendment is sup- The U.S. Government has one agency States Institute of Peace Act was ported by the Archbishop of Monrovia. that can help to reduce conflict, build passed and signed into law by Presi- A man, who for years, stood up to the democratic institutions, and even as- dent Ronald Reagan in 1984. A board brutal regime of Charles Taylor. sist in the drafting of the new Iraqi was installed and the Institute’s first It provides $200 million to address constitution—all prerequisites to meeting was held in February 1986. basic needs—food, water, shelter—of bringing our troops home sooner rather Since that time, the Institute has done the people of Liberia. There is a hu- than later. I am talking about the remarkable work in such disparate na- manitarian emergency in that country, United States Institute of Peace. This tions as Afghanistan and Korea, Bosnia as 74% of Liberians lack access to safe institute has a proven track record of and the Philippines. drinking water, 60 percent lack access accomplishing those prerequisites Today, at the direction of Congress, to acceptable sanitation, and 75 per- which I just mentioned. the Institute actively pursues six inter- cent live in poverty. I am going to take a few minutes to related activities: The administration’s own number for explain the origins of the United States Expanding society’s knowledge about Liberia is $200 million. In testimony Institute of Peace because I am con- the changing nature and conduct of before the House, the top Africa offi- cerned that very few Americans know international relations and the man- cial at the State Department said the about this institute and its remarkable agement of international conflict; U.S. needed $200 million to address this work. Supporting policymakers in the leg- crisis. Throughout our long history, Amer- islative and executive branches; The amendment is extremely flexi- ica has been proud of its strong, well- Facilitating the resolution of inter- ble. It allows the administration to led military. And this outstanding national disputes;

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.054 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12795 Training international affairs profes- With adequate funding, the Institute To conclude, all we are saying in this sionals from the United States and wants to go to Iraq to facilitate inter- amendment is when we do start to abroad in conflict prevention, manage- ethnic and inter-religious dialogue make sure that our commercial air- ment, and resolution techniques; among community, political and civic- craft are protected from shoulder-fired Strengthening the education of society leaders. One of the biggest missiles and we place those defenses on emerging generations of young people threats to our reconstruction effort in those commercial aircraft, the first in the United States and in foreign Iraq is the possibility that full-fledged priority will be the civil air reserve zones of conflict; fighting could break out between reli- fleet because, again, that entails pro- Increasing public understanding gious and ethnic communities. The In- tecting our men and women in uni- about the nature of international con- stitute can play a vital role in pre- form. flicts, as well as approaches to their venting this. The Institute also will I again thank everyone. Madam prevention, management, and resolu- work to establish the rule of law by President, is this going into the man- tion. supporting the constitution-writing agers’ package, I ask Senator STEVENS, I also want to stress that in accord process and designing a framework for or do we need a separate vote on it? with the agency’s enabling legislation, bringing to justice leaders of the the Institute of Peace does not advo- Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I former dictatorial regime. So, exactly send to the desk amendment No. 1845, cate specific policies, nor does it take as envisioned by our Nation’s founders, policy positions. as modified, the one Senator BOXER the United States Institute of Peace is just described, and I ask for its imme- In recent years, the Institute has playing a vital role in restoring and pursued several special initiatives that diate consideration. strengthening peace around the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The I believe are particularly noteworthy world—and now, in particular, in Iraq. clerk will report. and germane to our debate on the Iraq As I said, this is the key to bringing The legislative clerk read as follows: supplemental bill. our troops home soon, with their mis- I especially want to highlight the In- sion truly accomplished. The Senator from California [Mrs. BOXER], stitute’s work in Bosnia. After the I am pleased that we have allocated for herself, Mr. SCHUMER, and Mr. LAUTEN- Dayton Accords of 1995, the Institute $13 million for conflict resolution and BERG, proposes an amendment numbered activated the Bosnian Inter-religious peacemaking in Iraq. In order to ade- 1845, as modified. Council, which now provides a model quately fund the Institute’s work in The amendment, as modified, is as for reconciliation among Bosnia’s Mus- Iraq the Institute needs only one hun- follows: lim, Catholic, Serb and Jewish commu- dredth of one percent of the President’s (a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds that— nities. The Institute worked on the total request. Surely this is not too (1) In May 2002, the Federal Bureau of In- ground in both Bosnia and Washington high a price to pay for ‘‘making vestigation issued a warning to law enforce- addressing contentious issues such as peace.’’ ment personnel to be alert to the potential rule of law, peace agreements, political Time and again in recent years—in- use of shoulder-fired missiles against U.S. aircraft; restructuring, and the role of religion cluding in Iraq—our Nation has shown in conflict. (2) In May 2002, al-Qaeda was suspected of that it is brilliant at winning wars. But firing a shoulder-fired missile at U.S. mili- I would also cite the Institute’s Spe- time and again, we have had difficulty cial Initiative on the Muslim World, tary aircraft near Prince Sultan Air Base in winning the peace. As we continue to Saudi Arabia; which addresses a broad range of polit- increase funding for the Department of (3) In November 2002, an Israeli commercial ical, social, cultural, and religious Defense by tens of billions of dollars jetliner was fired upon by a shoulder-fired issues—many of which are acutely rel- each year, we must also be generous in missile shortly after take-off in Mombasa, evant in the wake of the September 11 our support and funding for this all-im- Kenya; terrorist attacks. portant agency, the United States In- (4) In August 2003, a weapons smuggler was At the same time, the Institute’s Re- stitute of Peace. arrested after agreeing to sell a Russian SA– ligion and Peacemaking Initiative is Mr. REID. Madam President, through 18 to an undercover FBI agent posing as a Muslim extremist; doing excellent work enhancing the ca- the Chair to the Senator from Alaska, (5) During recent operations in Iraq, U.S. pacity of faith communities to be Senator SCHUMER does not wish any forces for peace. commercial airlines—as part of the Civil Re- time. serve Air Fleet (CRAF)—flew nearly 2,000 In another example of the Institute’s Mr. STEVENS. Very well. work with a Muslim community, in flights carrying U.S. troops and supplies into Mr. REID. I ask that that be strick- Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab May 2003 the administration asked the en. Emirates, Qatar, and Bahrain; Institute of Peace to play a facilitating Mr. STEVENS. Does Senator BOXER (6) No U.S. commercial airliners are cur- role in peace talks between the govern- wish her time? rently equipped with defenses against shoul- ment of the Republic of the Philippines Mr. REID. Yes, she does. der-fired missiles. and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. Mr. STEVENS. I yield to Senator (b) PRIORITIZATION.— A team from the Institute visited the BOXER. When counter measures against the threat Philippines in August. And in meetings The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- of shoulder-fired missiles are deployed, the I conducted just 2 days ago, I learned ator from California. Secretary of Homeland Security, in conjunc- that significant progress is being made. AMENDMENT NO. 1845, AS MODIFIED tion with the Secretary of Defense and the In Afghanistan the institute, through Mrs. BOXER. Madam President, I Secretary of Transportation, shall make it a priority to equip the aircraft enrolled in the its role of law program, has partici- thank Senator STEVENS for helping me Civil Reserve Air Fleet. pated in efforts to reconstruct the judi- on this amendment, and I thank Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there cial system. USIP was the originator of ator COCHRAN as well. further debate? the concept to establish a judicial com- Senator SCHUMER and I have been mission. The institute is also working very concerned about the threat of Mrs. BOXER. Madam President, what on the integration of new judicial sys- shoulder-fired missiles to American is the modification? I thought we had tem with traditional Afghani legal commercial aircraft. What we have agreed on this amendment. practice. found out is that there are a number of Mr. STEVENS. It is the one the Sen- The Institute stands alone among planes—about 900 planes—that are also ator sent to us. U.S. agencies in these efforts to work used in the civil reserve air fleet, Mrs. BOXER. It is the same one. Ab- with the international Muslim commu- meaning that many times our military solutely. I just ask that we do this by nity. Based on the Institute’s brilliant will ask a commercial company, such voice vote and get this done. work in other Muslim countries, I be- as United Airlines or USAir, to make Mr. STEVENS. That is what we seek lieve that it can play an especially con- planes available for our armed services to do. structive role in Iraq. In particular, it personnel. We simply say in this Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, during will take a lead role in building up amendment that when counter- the recent operations in Iraq, and as Iraq’s civil society, and in nurturing measures are placed on commercial recently as this June, U.S. commercial Iraq’s fledgling democratic institu- aircraft, the first priority will be those airliners, such as Delta and U.S. Air- tions. planes. ways, flew nearly 2,000 flights carrying

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.034 S17PT1 S12796 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 U.S. troops and supplies into Kuwait, Mr. STEVENS. I move to lay that (ii) the source of the funds that will be Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emir- motion on the table. used to pay such costs. ates, Qatar, and Bahrain. The motion to lay on the table was (C) Updated strategies, objectives, and Unlike U.S. military transport air- agreed to. timelines if significant changes are proposed regarding matters included in the report re- craft, such as the C–17, none of these Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that Senators quired under subsection (a), or in any pre- commercial jets were equipped with de- vious report under this subsection. fenses against shoulder-fired missiles. FEINSTEIN and CRAPO be added as origi- (2) Each report under this subsection shall Yet these aircraft, known as the civil nal cosponsors to amendment No. 1864. include information on the following: reserve air fleet, CRAF, are contrac- AMENDMENT NO. 1864, AS MODIFIED (A) The expenditures for, and progress tually obligated to support Department Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I made toward, the restoration of basic serv- of Defense airlift requirements during send amendment No. 1864, offered by ices in Iraq such as water, electricity, sewer, oil infrastructure, a national police force, an times of emergency, when the need of Senator DOMENICI and others, to the desk and ask for its immediate consid- Iraqi army, and judicial systems. airlift exceeds the capability of mili- (B) The significant goals intended to be tary aircraft. Civil reserve air fleet eration. achieved by such expenditures. carriers must make aircraft available The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (C) The progress made toward securing in- for the start of assigned missions with- clerk will report. creased international participation in peace- in 24 hours after callup when stages I The legislative clerk read as follows: keeping efforts and in the economic and po- or II are activated and within 48 hours The Senator from Alaska [Mr. STEVENS], litical reconstruction of Iraq. when stage III is activated. for Mr. DOMENICI, for himself, Mr. BOND, Mr. (D) The progress made toward securing These constitute our most vulnerable BENNETT, Mr. CRAPO, and Mr. ALEXANDER, Iraqi borders. proposes an amendment numbered 1864, as (E) The progress made toward securing aircraft. They land in areas that are modified. self-government for the Iraqi people and the highly volatile, where we know terror- The amendment is as follows: establishment of a democratically elected ists groups operate, where we know (Purpose: To require reports on the United government. they have shoulder-fired missiles, and States strategy for relief and reconstruc- (F) The progress made in securing and where they have attempted to use tion efforts in Iraq) eliminating munitions caches, unexploded ordinance, and excess military equipment in them. Insert where appropriate in the bill: Iraq. The bottom line is, it is only a mat- SEC. . (a) INITIAL REPORT ON RELIEF AND (G) The measures taken to protect United ter of time before terrorist succeed in RECONSTRUCTION.—Not later than 60 days States troops serving in Iraq. bringing down a commercial airplane after the date of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to Congress a report Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, this with a shoulder-fired missile. We can- amendment requires reporting on the not afford for our luck to run out. on the United States strategy for activities related to post-conflict security, humani- reconstruction of Iraq. This amend- The administration has presented a ment ensures congressional oversight plan that would fail to equip any air- tarian assistance, governance, and recon- struction to be undertaken as a result of Op- for the $20.3 billion portion of the sup- craft until fiscal year 2006, at the ear- eration Iraqi Freedom. The report shall in- plemental bill designated for the recon- liest. We need to move faster. Thou- clude information on the following: struction of Iraq. sands of these weapons are in the hands (1) The distribution of duties and respon- As I look at what is going on in Iraq, of terrorists all around the world and sibilities regarding such activities among I see tremendous progress and good are easily available on the black mar- the agencies of the United States Govern- that is taking place. Unfortunately, ket. ment, including the Department of State, the United States Agency for International the media have not seen fit to report The Federal Bureau of Investigation on these good things and the fact that has issued a warning to law enforce- Development, and the Department of De- fense. our men and women there are making ment personnel to be alert to the po- (2) A plan describing the roles and respon- life better for the Iraqi people. tential use of shoulder-fired missiles sibilities of foreign governments and inter- But my amendment puts in place a against U.S. aircraft given al-Qaida’s national organizations, including the United way to measure that progress so as to demonstrated objective to target the Nations, in carrying out such activities. clearly show the American people what U.S. airline industry, its access to U.S. (3) A strategy for coordinating such activi- we are doing. It requires that the plan and Russian made systems and its tar- ties among the United States Government, for reconstruction is regularly reported foreign governments, and international orga- geting of U.S.-led military forces in so Americans can plainly see that Iraq Saudi Arabia. In August 2003, a weap- nizations, including the United Nations. (4) A strategy for distributing the responsi- is moving toward independence and to- ons smuggler was arrested after agree- bility for paying costs associated with recon- ward a day when our troops will come ing to sell a Russian SA–18 to an under- struction activities in Iraq among the United home. cover FBI agent posing as a Muslim ex- States Government, foreign governments, I have been fortunate enough to talk tremist. At least 19 missiles have been and international organizations, including to people in Iraq with firsthand knowl- launched against coalition aircraft the United Nations, and for actions to be edge of the situation on the ground. since the end of major combat oper- taken by the President to secure increased Based on my conversations with these ations in Iraq. In November 2002, an international participation in peacekeeping individuals, it seems to me there are a Israeli jetliner was fired upon seconds and security efforts in Iraq. (5) A comprehensive strategy for com- few critical elements that must be met after takeoff in Mombasa, Kenya; al- pleting the reconstruction of Iraq, estimated in order to achieve the kinds of things Qaida is suspected. And, in May 2002, timelines for the completion of significant we want. al-Qaida was suspected of firing a reconstruction milestones, and estimates for For example—we need to get the shoulder-fired missile at U.S. military Iraqi oil production. electricity working. We also need to aircraft near Prince Sultan Air Base in (b) SUBSEQUENT REPORTS ON RELIEF AND get the water running. We need to get Saudi Arabia. RECONSTRUCTION.—(1) Not later than 60 days the oil pumping, and the police trained. That is why I am pleased that the after the submittal of the report required by I believe improving these services is Senate has accepted my amendment to subsection (a), and every 60 days thereafter until all funds provided by this title are ex- the key to a new civil society in Iraq, ensure that when countermeasures are pended, the President shall submit to Con- and I think Mr. Bremer is working very placed on commercial aircraft, the gress a report that includes information as hard to make them happen. civil reserve air fleet receives first pri- follows: My amendment gives clarity for ority. This is a commonsense amend- (A) A list of all activities undertaken re- measuring the progress that is being ment that will protect our flying pub- lated to reconstruction in Iraq, and a cor- made in these areas because it calls for lic and our military personnel. responding list of the funds obligated in con- the reporting of specific timelines and The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there nection with such activities, during the pre- objectives relating to that progress. is no further debate, without objection, ceding 60 days. In a word, this amendment ensures (B) A list of the significant activities re- accountability—accountability the amendment is agreed to. lated to reconstruction in Iraq that the The amendment (No. 1845), as modi- President anticipates initiating during the through reporting requirements. And I fied, was agreed to. ensuing 60-day period, including— would submit that these are substan- Mrs. BOXER. I move to reconsider (i) the estimated cost of carrying out the tially detailed reporting requirements the vote. proposed activities; and and that they are fair requirements.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.109 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12797 For example, my amendment con- meets the figures included in the origi- have been wounded in battle’’ as those tains provisions such as submission of nal budget. Unfortunately, the Office of killed in battle. As these wounded serv- a ‘‘master plan’’ for reconstruction ef- Management and Budget sent us a ice members are discharged from the forts within 60 days of enactment. budget that achieved these goals by in- military and confront new and chal- Also, it requires submission of subse- creasing fees on veterans, and neither lenging hardships in piecing together a quent reports every 60 days thereafter body has shown any enthusiasm for new life, most of them will depend on detailing how funds have been ex- that. the VA to meet their needs. pended and how they will be expended. Under section 502, an expenditure According to the VA, some of our re- Furthermore, these reporting re- may be designated an emergency if it turning servicemen and women are cur- quirements cover many specific issues, meets five criteria: One, necessary, es- rently being served through VA/DoD such as a description of expenditures sential, or vital; two, sudden, quickly sharing agreements and others, such as and the progress made in restoring coming into being, and not building up Pvt Jessica Lynch, are being dis- basic services such as water, elec- over time; three, an urgent, pressing, charged and turning to VA for special- tricity, sewer and oil infrastructure; a and compelling need requiring imme- ized services, services that only the VA description of the goals to be achieved diate action; four, unforeseen, unpre- can provide not found in the private by these expenditures; a description of dictable, and unanticipated; and five, sector. This level of demand for VA the roles of foreign governments and not permanent, temporary in nature. It services has not been foreseen or an- international organizations in the Iraq is clear that this amendment meets the ticipated. reconstruction efforts; and a descrip- five criteria due to the compelling, Further, we know that the overall tion of the progress made toward secur- vital, and essential needs of veterans demand for VA medical care is not ing Iraqi democracy. who seek medical care services from going to lessen. We have already seen This is a very fair amendment be- the VA. the VA medical care system being cause it respects the Constitution by As I trust all of our colleagues know, overwhelmed by the staggering in- giving the executive branch primacy in the VA cannot currently keep up with crease in demand for its medical serv- the area of foreign affairs policy- the demand of the current veteran pop- ices. Since 1996, the VA has seen a 54 making, while at the same time giving ulation. Tens of thousands of veterans percent in growth or 2 million patients Congress appropriate oversight of the have been told to wait at least 6 in total users of the medical care sys- funds used for implementing that pol- months. Even more distressing is the tem. Further, the VA projects that its icy. I also think this is a very impor- fact that many of them have to wait up enrollments to grow by another 2 mil- tant amendment because it satisfies to 2 years to see a doctor. That is unac- lion patients from a current level of 7 the concerns of many Senators—espe- ceptable. If the VA cannot help those million to 9 million in 2009. cially in the area of submitting a clear who are in the system, how will they Again, I urge my colleagues to sup- plan that has guideposts for measuring help the veterans returning from Af- port these emergency funds. In a time progress. ghanistan and Iraq? of war with thousands of injured troops It is my hope that Senators will sup- In the legislation before us today, we returning from battle, it is clearly an port this amendment that will ensure provided the funds that I think are vi- emergency to include these funds. It is funds are spent wisely and in a way tally needed to the Department of De- our moral responsibility to ensure that that will hasten the day when our fense to fight these wars and recon- we provide adequate resources to the troops will come home. struction funds to ensure that the VA to meet the vital medical needs of Mr. STEVENS. I ask for consider- peace is secure and we bring our troops our veterans. If these emergency funds ation of the amendment. home. I strongly support these funds, are not included in this bill, the VA The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without but I believe we must ensure that when will have enormous difficulties in objection, the amendment is consid- our troops do return home, the Govern- treating veterans returning from Iraq ered and agreed to. ment will be there to treat their med- and Afghanistan due to the current The amendment (No. 1864), as modi- ical care needs. If we are willing to pro- backlog of veterans waiting for med- fied, was agreed to. vide emergency funding to fight wars, ical care. Without these funds, those Mr. STEVENS. I move to reconsider we must be willing to provide emer- waiting veterans will wait longer for the vote, and I move to lay that mo- gency funding to meet the medical care medical care and the VA will be forced tion on the table. needs to treat injuries and wounds suf- to deny medical care to another 585,000 The motion to lay on the table was fered from the war. veterans. I cannot accept these out- agreed to. In other words, we would have to en- comes. This is medical care they have AMENDMENT NO. 1825 sure there is a continuum of care for earned through risk of life and all too Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I our service members from basic train- often at the cost of their limbs and yield 3 minutes each to Senator BOND ing to deployment to discharge. their long-term health. and Senator MIKULSKI concerning Let me illustrate the urgent and I ask my colleagues to think about amendment No. 1825. pressing needs for these emergency our service members who have already The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without funds. According to a recent VA anal- returned from service, about our serv- objection, the Senator from Missouri is ysis, 15,813 service members who served ice members who are currently serving, recognized. in Operation Iraqi Freedom have sepa- and about those who want to serve. If Mr. BOND. Madam President, I rise rated from military duty as of Sep- we do not provide these funds, what to speak in support of this amendment tember 22, 2003. Among these service kind of message does this send to those on behalf of my colleague, Senator MI- members, almost 2,000, or 12.4 percent, currently fighting overseas and those KULSKI, and a number of other col- had sought VA health care during 2003. who will be sent overseas? I hope my leagues. I ask unanimous consent that I point out that these numbers do not colleagues agree with me that we want Senator SPECTER be added as a cospon- include those military men and women to tell these men and women that we sor. who are returning from Afghanistan will not turn our backs on them and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and other parts of the world fighting that we will keep our promises to objection, it is so ordered. the war on terrorism. them. I urge your support on the Bond- Mr. BOND. This amendment provides Every day in the news we hear the Mikulski amendment. $1.3 billion in emergency funding for unfortunate and sad news of American The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- VA medical care to address the medical soldiers killed in Iraq, but as illus- ator from Nevada. care needs of returning service mem- trated by the VA’s analysis and scores Mr. REID. I am sorry to interrupt the bers from Iraq and Afghanistan. I be- of news reports, there are thousands of Senator from Maryland. I ask consent lieve the $1.3 billion in emergency service members who were fortunate to that the Senator from Vermont be rec- funding meets the criteria under sec- live but who were wounded in combat. ognized to speak for 1 minute following tion 502 of the budget resolution. This As reported in the October 1, 2003, the Senator from Maryland. is consistent with the final figures ap- edition of the USA Today: ‘‘At least The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there proved in the budget adopted. This seven times as many men and women objection?

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.058 S17PT1 S12798 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Mr. STEVENS. No objection. cost of her health care and rehabilita- Committee on Veterans Affairs, I rise The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tion would be covered by the U.S. Gov- to lend my support to the Bond-Mikul- objection, it is so ordered. The Senator ernment. After all, that is only fair. ski amendment for an additional $1.3 from Maryland is recognized for 3 min- The system that is responsible for billion for VA health care. I think it is utes. caring for wounded service members abundantly clear to everyone in the Ms. MIKULSKI. Madam President, I after they are discharged is over-bur- chamber that the VA health care sys- rise as an enthusiastic advocate of the dened and under-funded. The Veterans tem is in dire need of additional and Bond-Mikulski VA medical care Administration health care system has significant resources. amendment. I ask unanimous consent been shortchanged for years, with The administration has extolled the that Senator DEBBIE STABENOW be health care budgets falling well short proposed VA budget as a historic in- added as a cosponsor. of inflation. While the Bush adminis- crease, when in reality this type of in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tration proposed a slight increase in crease is beyond what anyone could ex- objection, it is so ordered. funding this year, it is still not enough pect in the current economic climate. Ms. MIKULSKI. Madam President, to keep up with inflation. Vietnam It has been touted as an increase of 7 to along with Senator BOND, I urge my Veterans of America has estimated 11 percent over last year’s budget, de- colleagues to support this amendment. that at expected appropriations levels pending on who is speaking. It provides $1.3 billion for veterans for this coming fiscal year, the VA When you look at the budget pro- medical care. It is necessary for three health care system is $52 million short posed by the administration, a dif- reasons: One, it will deal with the of the amount needed to implement ex- ferent story comes to light. Once the growing long lines in which some of isting VA programs and to keep pace new copayments and fees are stripped our veterans have to wait in order to with inflation since 1997. Every VA away, the theoretical management effi- see a doctor or a specialist. Second, it hospital has been forced to do more ciencies discounted for what they real- rejects the concept of having to pay a with less, to continuously reduce costs, ly are, and the accounting tricks are membership fee to get veterans med- year after year, and to limit services to identified, we are left with an appro- ical care if they are a category 7 or a veterans. Long waiting lines have de- priation that barely keeps pace with category 8. Third, it also rejects the veloped at many VA centers, some- inflation. ballooning copayments that were sug- times keeping veterans waiting as As we shape VA’s budget for the next gested by the administration. much as a year for an initial appoint- year, we must move beyond hopeful First, in the administration’s budget, ment. Due to inadequate funding, Sec- rhetoric and quack accounting to take the request was to charge veterans $250 retary Principi, a strong advocate for an honest assessment of the needs of a year to be able to pay their dues. veterans, has been forced to deny an veterans. Well, Senator BOND and I believe the entire category of veterans treatment We all know—and many of us have veterans did pay their dues. They paid at VA hospitals. mentioned—that more than 100,000 vet- them at Iwo Jima, Pork Chop Hill, the I compliment my colleagues, Senator erans must wait more than 6 months to Mekong Delta, and now the burning BOND and Senator MIKULSKI, for their see VA physicians. While VA’s com- sands of the Iraqi desert. We are work- efforts to address this funding short- mitted professionals are struggling to ing on a bipartisan basis to reject these fall. As the chair and ranking member handle the increased patient load, they new co-fees and these new toll charges. of the subcommittee with jurisdiction are doing it without a corresponding We need this amendment to ensure over appropriations for the Veterans increase in resources. This must be rec- that the VA can care for returning Administration, they are well aware of tified. service members. the urgency of the VA’s needs. I am When we debated and voted on the Under the legislation that was passed pleased to be a cosponsor of their first war supplemental bill in April, I by this Congress, the law requires the amendment to add $1.3 billion to this secured additional health dollars for VA to provide 2 years of medical care legislation specifically for VA health VA to care for servicemembers return- for returning service members. You bet care. In drafting the VA’s appropria- ing from the Gulf. This money was sim- we ought to do that. But if we are tions bill for the coming fiscal year, ply a start, since VA will continue to going to pass the legislation, we should they identified this funding as urgently see troops coming home and seeking not only put it in the Federal law needed by the VA, and it is imperative health care in the coming years. If we books, we have to put it in the Federal that this funding be provided in this can afford to send tens of billions of checkbook, and that is what Bond-Mi- bill. dollars overseas to support the troops kulski does. Our top priority must be caring for while in conflict, how can we possibly The VA has already treated 2,000 re- the men and women who answered the not fully fund their care when they re- turning soldiers from the war, but this President’s call and stepped into turn home? VA system, with its wonderful doctors harm’s way. They must be taken care Veterans groups know that the VA and nurses, is strained to the limit. of. If the Federal Government has any health care system is in crisis—and so There are now many who are waiting obligation to its people, is not its first do both the House and Senate. Con- for care. There are many who ought to obligation to care for the wounds of its gress passed a $3.1 billion increase in get care. They should not have to pay soldiers? the budget resolution, meeting the membership fees. Adopt Bond-Mikulski Every day we hear of more Ameri- mark for VA health care determined by and keep the promises made to Amer- cans injured in Iraq. I cringe for them experts in the veterans community. ica’s veterans. and for their families. It is a great bur- Yet, it has proven difficult to secure The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- den that most of them will carry all these funds for VA. ator from Vermont. their lives. I also fear that in the years It is important to note that there is Mr. JEFFORDS. Madam President, I to come, we will learn that the harsh still a $300 million deficit in veterans believe that most Americans are very conditions in Iraq today have in more health spending for next year. While aware of the human cost of the Iraq subtle ways damaged the health of our the Bond-Mikulski amendment ensures war and the significant toll it has troops stationed there. The burden of that a large portion of the money will taken on the lives and health of many studying these problems and caring for be there for veterans without the sub- American military personnel. We all these soldiers will fall on the VA jective emergency spending designa- have anguished over the casualties and health care system. tion, it is just a first step. We need to rejoiced in the moments of relief, such I, for one, cannot stand by while the finish the job and make sure that as the rescue of Jessica Lynch. Ameri- VA is starved for resources. This is the health care is fully funded for our vet- cans, regardless of their views on the time to act. I urge all my colleagues to erans. war, hung on every bit of news of her support the Bond-Mikulski amendment I am proud to lend my name to this recovery, and watched with fascination to add $1.3 billion to care for America’s amendment. Indeed, my good friend as she spoke her few but powerful veterans. JAY ROCKEFELLER and I were planning words upon returning home to West Mr. GRAHAM of Florida. Madam on offering a similar one to the VA Virginia. We just assumed that the President, as ranking member on the spending bill. I urge all my colleagues

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.076 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12799 to support this amendment—we owe fied, and ask for its immediate consid- ning on line 17, and insert ‘‘$250,000,000, to re- our servicemembers and veterans noth- eration. main available until expended, of which not ing less. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The less than $200,000,000 shall be made available The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- for humanitarian relief and reconstruction clerk will report. activities in Liberia: Provided, That funds ator from Alaska. The assistant legislative clerk read appropriated under this heading shall be Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, is as follows: made available for Sudan: Provided further,’’. amendment No. 1825 before the Senate The Senator from Kansas [Mr. BROWNBACK] Mr. BROWNBACK. Madam President, now? proposes an amendment numbered 1885, as this is a very simple, straightforward The PRESIDING OFFICER. Yes, it is. modified. Mr. STEVENS. We have held this amendment. It does some of what the Mr. BROWNBACK. I ask unanimous House has done. I will explain this until last because of the budget prob- consent the reading of the amendment lem involved. This takes $1.3 billion briefly because I think most of the peo- be dispensed with. from the amount that has already been ple are knowledgeable of these par- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ticular issues. allocated to the VA/HUD Sub- objection, it is so ordered. What we do with this particular committee that causes considerable The amendment is as follows: amendment is rescind $600 million from consternation as to what we are going nonsecurity accounts—none of the se- to do with it in the future. We all (Purpose: To reduce the amount appro- priated for reconstruction in Iraq by curity money, all nonsecurity grant admit that is the problem. We all know $600,000,000 and to increase the amount funding—that is not immediately nec- there is a severe problem for veterans available to the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps essary for reconstruction. It prohibits to deal with medical care, and we look by $50,000,000, the amount available for Af- projects such as memorials, athletic forward to working with the Senators ghanistan by $400,000,000, and the amount committees, solid waste removal, from Missouri and Maryland to work available for Liberia) catchup business training, telephone/ out this problem. On page 38, between lines 20 and 21, insert postal company, housing. It would To the best of my knowledge, we now the following new sections: limit some of the petroleum product have one remaining amendment to be SEC. 2313. (a) The total amount appro- imports. That is where we take the debated, and that is the amendment of priated in chapter 2 of this title under the subheading ‘‘IRAQ RELIEF AND RECONSTRUC- funds from. Senator BROWNBACK. The resulting savings would be re- I ask that amendment 1825 be adopt- TION FUND’’ under the heading ‘‘OTHER BI- allocated to a couple of areas—enhanc- ed. LATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE The PRESIDING OFFICER. The FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESI- ing security efforts in Iraq, where we DENT’’, is hereby reduced by $600,000,000. question is on agreeing to amendment would put $50 million above the Presi- (b) Of the total amount appropriated in dent’s request for the Iraq civil defense No. 1825. chapter 2 of this title under the subheading The amendment (No. 1825) was agreed corps. It would, too, bolster funding for referred to in subsection (a), $5,186,000,000 reconstruction of Afghanistan. There to. shall be available for security, including Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I public safety requirements, national secu- we put $400 million into Afghanistan. move to reconsider the vote. rity, and justice, of which not less than We take the funds there and reallocate Mr. REID. I move to lay that motion $126,000,000, shall be available for the Iraqi them into Afghanistan, into a series of on the table. Civil Defense Corps. areas that are high priority. The motion to lay on the table was SEC. 2314. None of the funds appropriated I think it is important to remember agreed to. by this Act may be used to fund the fol- we invaded and fought to remove ter- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lowing: rorists in Afghanistan. Afghanistan is ator from Alaska. (1) Solid waste management in Iraq. somewhat the forgotten child. We have Mr. STEVENS. Could we make the (2) WiFi capabilities for IPTC in Iraq. not put nearly the resources forward inquiry as to who intends to speak (3) Housing in Iraq. that resource-poor country needs. This (4) Market-oriented specialized training for after the Brownback amendment so Iraqis. is in line with some of the thinking and Members might know how long it will (5) Catch-up business training for Iraqis. the actions the House took. be before the vote on final passage? (6) Development or construction of the Abu We also put a portion of resources The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Gharaib Memorial, or any similar memorial. into the United States Emergency ator from Nevada. (7) The Athletes Committee in Iraq, includ- Fund For Complex Foreign Crises, in- Mr. REID. Madam President, through ing any conference or memorial that ad- creasing this account to $250 million— you to the distinguished Senator from dresses atrocities committed against Iraqi 80 percent of which, or $200 million, Alaska, Senator BYRD wishes to speak athletes. will go to Liberia, earmarked for hu- for not to exceed 25 minutes. Senator SEC. 2315. Not more than $450,000,000 of the manitarian relief and reconstruction in funds appropriated by this Act may be used GRAHAM, as I indicated, will make a to fund petroleum product imports. Liberia. I think colleagues are well fa- very brief statement, a matter of a On page 28, beginning on line 18, strike miliar with what is taking place in couple of minutes, and then give his ‘‘$422,000,000’’ and all that follows through that country. full statement after passage of the bill. ‘‘Provided,’’ on line 20 and insert ‘‘$822,000,000, So we have taken $600 million from Senator LEAHY, we will talk to him to remain available until September 30, 2005, nonsecurity accounts, key areas a lot to find out what is his desire. for accelerated assistance for Afghanistan, of of people identified as areas that may Senator DAYTON desires to speak which not less than $60,000,000 shall be avail- be useful to fund but not high prior- after the vote. able for disarmament, demobilization, and ities, not things into which we need to At this stage, I ask unanimous con- reintegration; $50,000,000 shall be available put these emergency funds, and shifted sent Senator BYRD be recognized for for a venture capital fund to promote devel- them into Afghanistan, Liberia, and $50 not to exceed 25 minutes. We will work opment of the private sector; $150,000,000 shall be available for accelerated funding for million to increase the civil defense in on the others. the National Army of Afghanistan; $60,000,000 Iraq. This is what is going to help us Mr. STEVENS. We have no objection shall be available for the Government of Af- bring our troops home faster, the faster to that, but I do not want to indicate— ghanistan to provide security and minimal we stand up an Iraqi military and para- we have not had any requests yet from services, collect revenue, and pay salaries for military force. this side. We will have to determine military and civilian officials; $15,000,000 It is pretty straightforward. This is a that. But it will mean a vote on final shall be available for power generation Brownback-Leahy amendment. It is a passage will start sometime after 4 projects; $35,000,000 shall be made available bipartisan amendment a number of my o’clock. for additional activities that are specifically colleagues are supporting. I ask for fa- targeted to advancing the social, economic, I yield the floor. vorable consideration. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there and political rights and opportunities of women; $25,000,000 shall be made available I do ask for the yeas and nays. objection to the request? The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Without objection, it is so ordered. for emergency food, fuel, clothing and shel- ter materials for Afghans who are internally sufficient second? The Senator from Kansas. displaced; and $5,000,000 shall be available for The Senator has asked for the yeas AMENDMENT NO. 1885, AS MODIFIED natural resources assessments: Provided,’’. and nays. Is there a sufficient second? Mr. BROWNBACK. Madam President, On page 29, line 17, strike ‘‘$100,000,000’’ and There appears to be a sufficient sec- I call up amendment No. 1885, as modi- all that follows through ‘‘Provided’’ begin- ond.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.108 S17PT1 S12800 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 The yeas and nays were ordered. sponsor of this particular amendment, clothing that he had a different suit for Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, if he seeks recognition. every hour of the day. $600 million from Iraqi reconstruction The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- One day two rogues arrived in town, funds? The Senate has just acted along ator from Vermont. claiming to be gifted weavers. They with the House to cut approximately Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I will convinced the emperor that they could $1.6 billion. This amendment also pro- not add to what the Senator from Kan- weave the most wonderful cloth, which hibits funds appropriated in this act sas has said other than to say I do sup- had a magical property. The clothes from being used for solid waste man- port this amendment. I think it shows were only visible to those who were agement, housing, and other items. the priorities that have to be met by completely pure in heart and spirit. Some of the solid waste management the United States, priorities we some- The emperor was impressed and or- involves contaminated materials, ma- times overlook. dered the weavers to begin work imme- terials with unexpended ordnance, all I commend the Senator for his sup- diately. The rogues, who had a deep un- sorts of hazards. We have already re- port of this. I hope the Senate will pass derstanding of human nature, began to duced this amount, as I said, by $1.6 it overwhelmingly. feign work on empty looms. billion. Any further reduction, as far as I yield the floor. Minister after minister went to view I am concerned, would further weaken Mr. BROWNBACK. I yield the re- the new clothes and all came back ex- the assistance we are trying to give the mainder of my time. horting the beauty of the cloth on the Iraqi people in order to bring our peo- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- looms even though none of them could ple home. ator from Nevada. see a thing. I move to table this amendment and Mr. REID. Madam President, I sug- Finally a grand procession was ask for the yeas and nays. gest the absence of a quorum. planned for the emperor to display his The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mo- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The new finery. The emperor went to view tion to table can only be made after clerk will call the roll. his clothes and was shocked to see ab- the sponsor’s time has expired. The legislative clerk proceeded to solutely nothing, but he pretended to The Senator from Kansas. call the roll. admire the fabulous cloth, inspect the Mr. BROWNBACK. I yield a minute Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask clothes with awe, and, after disrobing, to my colleague from Texas. unanimous consent the order for the go through the motions of carefully The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- quorum call be rescinded. putting on a suit of the new garments. ator from Texas. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Under a royal canopy the emperor Mrs. HUTCHISON. Madam President, objection, it is so ordered. appeared to the admiring throng of his I urge this amendment be adopted. I Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, people—all of whom cheered and think Senator BROWNBACK has been has the vote started? clapped because they all knew the very careful in what he has taken out The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mo- rogue weavers’ tale and did not want to of the measure. It does mirror pretty tion to table has not yet been formally be seen as less than pure of heart. much what the House did. The lion’s made. But, the bubble burst when an inno- share of the $20 billion is going to be Mr. REID. Madam President, if I cent child loudly exclaimed, for the there. But I think Congress has the could direct this question to the Sen- whole kingdom to hear, that the em- right to prioritize, and I think these ator from Alaska, does the Senator peror had nothing on at all. He had no are better priorities. wish to table or just an up-or-down clothes. I yield the floor. vote? That tale seems to me very like the Mr. STEVENS. Do I have any time Mr. STEVENS. I was willing to agree way this Nation was led to war. left? to go ahead with the Senator’s speech, We were told that we were threat- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- if he wishes to do that. ened by weapons of mass destruction in ator from Alaska has 4 minutes 20 sec- Mr. REID. Madam President, the Iraq, but they have not been seen. onds remaining. Senator from Alaska has been gracious We were told that throngs of Iraqis Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I enough to allow the Senator from West would welcome our troops as lib- merely point out we voted now on this Virginia to proceed. Under the previous erators. They have not been seen as lib- subject, further reductions, reconcili- order, he is to be recognized to speak erators but as occupiers. ation moneys, six times today. We have up to 25 minutes on this bill. I ask that We were told that the throngs of finally agreed to reduce by $1.6 billion, time begin now. Iraqis would welcome our troops with as much as the House has. I think this Mr. STEVENS. So there is no mis- flowers, but no throngs or flowers ap- would be a further redundant reduction understanding, I make the motion to peared. and I urge the motion to table. table this amendment and ask for the We were led to believe that Saddam I yield the remainder of my time. yeas and nays. Hussein was connected to the attack Has the Senator yielded the remain- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a on the twin towers and the Pentagon, der of his time? sufficient second? but no evidence to that effect has ever Mr. BROWNBACK. Senator LEAHY is There appears to be a sufficient sec- been produced. a cosponsor. I wanted to offer a ond. We were told in 16 words that Sad- minute. I just saw Senator LEAHY step The yeas and nays were ordered. dam Hussein tried to buy ‘‘yellow inside. Mr. STEVENS. I ask that be set aside cake’’ from Africa for production of nu- I do have one other comment I would so the Senator may speak. clear weapons, but the story has turned like to make. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without into empty air. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- objection, it is so ordered. We were frightened with visions of ator from Kansas. The Senator from West Virginia. mushroom clouds, but they turned out Mr. BROWNBACK. Madam President, Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I to be only vapors of the mind. I think these are very carefully crafted thank the distinguished chairman of We were told that major combat was areas we are going at. We have looked the Appropriations Committee, Sen- over but 101—as of October 17—Ameri- through this bill. I have worked in this ator STEVENS, and I also thank the dis- cans have died in combat since that region for some period of time. So I tinguished Democratic whip for their proclamation from the deck of an air- think it is important we consider high- courtesies. craft carrier by our very own emperor er priorities and we really think about Madam President, in 1837, Danish au- in his new clothes. what we are doing in shifting some of thor Hans Christian Andersen wrote a Our emperor says that we are not oc- these resources. It is important to take wonderful fairytale which he titled cupiers, yet we show no inclination to from lower priority areas in Iraq which ‘‘The Emperor’s New Clothes.’’ It may relinquish the country of Iraq to its a lot of people identified, and put in be the very first example of the power people. higher priority areas. of political correctness. It is the story Those who have dared to expose the With that, I yield a minute to my of a ruler of a distant land who was so nakedness of the administration’s poli- colleague from Vermont, who is a co- enamored of his appearance and his cies in Iraq have been subjected to

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.080 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12801 scorn. Those who have noticed the ele- The single-minded obsession of this I cannot support this foolish mani- phant in the room—that is, the fact administration to now make sense of festation of the dangerous and desta- that this war was based on falsehoods— the chaos in Iraq, and the continuing bilizing doctrine of preemption that have had our patriotism questioned. propaganda which emanates from the changes the image of America into Those who have spoken aloud the White House painting Iraq as the geo- that of a reckless bully. thought shared by hundreds of thou- graphical center of terrorism is dis- The emperor has no clothes and our sands of military families across this tracting our attention from Afghani- former allies around the world were the country, that our troops should return stan and the 60 other countries in the first to loudly observe it. I shall vote quickly and safely from the dangers world where terrorists hide. It is sap- against this bill because I cannot sup- half a world away, have been accused of ping resources which could be used to port a policy based on prevarication. I cowardice. We have then seen the make us safer from terrorists on our cannot support doling out 87 billion ad- untruths, the dissembling, the fabrica- own shores. The body armor for our ditional of our hard-earned tax dollars tion, the misleading inferences sur- own citizens still has many, many when I have so many doubts about the rounding this rush to war in Iraq chinks. Have we forgotten that the wisdom of its use. wrapped quickly in the flag. most horrific terror attacks in history I began my remarks with a fairytale. The right to ask questions, debate, occurred right here at home? Yet, this I shall close my remarks with a horror and dissent is under attack. The drums administration turns back money for story in the form of a quote from the of war are beaten ever louder in an at- homeland security, while the President book ‘‘Nuremberg Diaries,’’ written by tempt to drown out those who speak of pours billions into security for Iraq. I G.M. Gilbert, in which the author our predicament in stark terms. am powerless to understand or explain interviews Herman Gehrig: Even in the Senate, our history and such a policy. We got around to the subject of war again tradition of being the world’s greatest I have tried mightily to improve this and I said that, contrary to his attitude, I deliberative body is being snubbed. bill. I twice tried to separate the recon- did not think that the common people are This huge spending bill—$87 billion— struction money in this bill, so that very thankful for leaders who bring them has been rushed through this Chamber those dollars could be considered sepa- war and destruction. in just 1 month. There were just three rately from the military spending. I of- . . . But, after all, it is the leaders of the country who determine the policy and it is open hearings by the Senate Appropria- fered an amendment to force the ad- always a simple matter to drag the people tions Committee on $87 billion—$87 for ministration to craft a plan to get along, whether it is a democracy or a fascist every minute since Jesus Christ was other nations to assist the troops and dictatorship or a Parliament or a Com- born—$87 billion without a single out- formulate a plan to get the U.N. in, and munist dictatorship. side witness called to challenge the ad- the U.S. out, of Iraq. Twice I tried to There is one difference. . . . In a democ- ministration’s line. rid the bill of expansive, flexible au- racy the people have some say in the matter Ambassador Bremer went so far as to thorities that turn this $87 billion into through their elected representatives, and in refuse to return to the Appropriations the United States only Congress can declare a blank check. The American people wars. Committee to answer additional ques- should understand we provide more for- Oh, that is all well and good, but voice or tions because, and I quote: ‘‘I don’t eign aid for Iraq in this bill, $20.3 bil- no voice, the people can always be brought have time. I’m completely booked, and lion, than we provide for the rest of the to the bidding of the leaders. That is easy. I have to get back to Baghdad to my world. All you have to do is tell them that they are duties.’’ I attempted to remove from this bill being attacked and denounce the pacifists Despite this callous stiff-arm of the billions of dollars in wasteful programs for a lack of patriotism and exposing the Senate and its duties to ask questions and divert those funds to better use, country to danger. It works the same way in in order to represent the American peo- but at every turn my efforts were any country. ple, few dared to voice their opposition thwarted by the vapid argument that I yield the floor. to rushing this bill through these halls we must all support the requests of the The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. of Congress. Perhaps they were intimi- Commander in Chief. SUNUNU). The Senator from Alaska. dated by the false claims that our I cannot stand by and continue to Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, the troops are in immediate need of more watch our grandchildren and their chil- Senator’s speech demonstrates the funds. dren become increasingly burdened by greatness of our country in terms of But the time has come for the sheep- the billions of dollars that fly out of freedom of speech. I could not be more like political corrections which has the Treasury for a war and a policy proud to stand where I am standing cowed Members of this Senate to come based largely on propaganda, hype, and today to support our President and to to an end. prevarication. We are borrowing $87 support our people in uniform and The emperor has no clothes. This en- billion to finance this adventure in those who are part of this authority tire adventure in Iraq has been based Iraq. The President is asking this Sen- trying to restore freedom and democ- on propaganda and manipulation. ator to pay for this war with increased racy in Iraq. Eighty-seven billion dollars is too debt, a debt that will have to be paid Sometimes I wonder how I ended up much to pay for the continuation of a by our children and by those same here. I have no real background that war based on falsehoods. troops who are currently fighting this ever gave me thought I would ever be Taking the nation to war based on war. here. But when I hear speeches like misleading rhetoric and hyped intel- I cannot support outlandish tax cuts that, I know why I am here. I believe in ligence is a travesty and a tragedy. It that plunge our country into poten- this President. I believe in this mili- is the most cynical of all cynical acts. tially disastrous debt while our troops tary. It is dangerous to manipulate the are fighting and dying—four more died I voted for this intervention. The truth. It is dangerous because once within the last 24 hours—in a war that Senator from West Virginia did not. I having lied, it is difficult to ever be be- the White House chose to begin. am urging the Senate to support this lieved again. Having misled the Amer- I cannot support the continuation of bill, $66 billion for our men and women ican people and stampeded them to a policy that unwisely ties down 150,000 in uniform and $20.3 billion—they have war, this administration must now at- American troops for the foreseeable fu- taken $1.6 billion out—but nearly $20 tempt to sustain a policy predicated on ture with no end in sight. billion for the operation to try to as- falsehoods. The President asks for bil- I cannot support a President who re- sure there is a new government in Iraq, lions from those same citizens who fuses to authorize the reasonable Iraq committed to freedom and com- knew that they were misled about the change in course that would bring tra- mitted to work with the United States need to go to war. We misinformed and ditional allies to our side in Iraq. in trying to bring peace to that region. insulted our friends and allies and now I cannot support the politics of zeal If there is a volatile part of the this administration is having more and ‘‘might makes right’’ that created world, it is the Middle East. We have than a little trouble getting help from the new American arrogance and been involved in strife there longer the international community. It is per- unilateralism that passes for foreign than I can remember. I remember when ilous to mislead. policy in this administration. President Eisenhower sent troops into

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:29 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.038 S17PT1 S12802 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Lebanon. This has been a thorn in our Mr. BYRD. I thank the Chair. There are millions of people out side as long as I have been involved in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- there, millions of men and women, government. That is over 50 years. ator from West Virginia. there are many men and women in Iraq Again, the Senator is entitled to his Mr. BYRD. May I say to the distin- who believe that we who vote against point of view. I saw those intelligence guished Senator from Alaska that he this bill today speak for them. I am not reports. I believe there were weapons of holds no monopoly on the support for ashamed to do it. I am proud to do it. mass destruction being thought of and the troops. I was supporting American Yes, I voted against sending Amer- being prepared in Iraq. I believe they troops before the Senator from Alaska ican troops into Iraq. Yes, I am one of had chemical weapons. I believe they ever came to Washington. I have been the 23. And if I had it to do over again, were trying to buy uranium and sought supporting the American troops for I would vote the same way again—10 a new weapons program as they did be- over 50 years. times, 10 times 100 against this doc- fore the Iraqis destroyed that first pro- And let the RECORD not stand with trine, this doctrine of preemptive gram with their famous raid on Iran the Senator’s words, if I interpreted strikes. which was 15 years ago. I don’t under- them correctly, that those who vote Fie on that doctrine! Fie on it! stand people who say this was a false- against this bill are voting against the Now, if the Senator from Alaska hood. Think of the young men and troops. I defy that statement. I defy wishes to talk further, I will be glad to women in Iraq. They are watching this that statement, and I hurl it back into hear him. program. They get it on C–PAN. They the teeth of the Senator from Alaska. Mr. MCCAIN addressed the Chair. get it on the Internet. Think of what I support the troops. I would say that The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under they are thinking when a Senator says every Senator here, regardless of how the previous order, at the conclusion of they are over there because of a false- he or she votes, supports the troops. So Senator BYRD’s time, a vote was to hood, because the President of the do not throw that old canard over here, take place on the motion to table the United States lied. I don’t believe he over this way. Brownback amendment. lied. I believe he told the truth. I am sorry that the Senator from Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, there I believe he is now on an important Alaska takes that view. I thought each is still my minute and a half left of mission around the world. I have never of us could have our own viewpoint time. heard a President criticized so much here without being charged with not The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time when he was overseas as this President supporting the troops. I regret the Sen- of the Senator from Alaska has ex- has been criticized. He is on a mission ator from Alaska takes this view. pired. to China. He is on a mission to many I am sure that there are a lot of the Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, is there places in the Pacific. I believe the Sen- American people out there—millions of 2 minutes? ate should vote today in support of this them—for whom I speak and for whom The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- bill. those who vote against this bill today ator from Alaska. Those who vote against this bill will speak who do not believe that this war Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I be voting against supporting our men was justified, who do not believe in the thought I had a minute and a half left and women in the field. They are still doctrine of preemption, who do not be- on Brownback. in harm’s way. That is one point on lieve that there were weapons of mass The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- which I agree. There are too many peo- destruction in Iraq. They have not been ator from Alaska has no time remain- ple still being killed in Iraq, but they found yet. ing. are being killed because there is too So, Mr. President, I close by con- The Senator from West Virginia has 2 much confusion over there. There is gratulating those Senators who have minutes remaining. not the ability to bring about the con- the courage to speak their will, to Mr. BYRD. Does the Senator wish for trol we should have. We need a civilian stand up for their own consciences, and me to yield him 2 minutes? force from the Iraqis. We need to stand who speak for those soldiers, men and Mr. MCCAIN. I thank the Senator. up a new army for the Iraqis as we are women, who are in Iraq today who did The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- trying to do in Afghanistan. This is an not ask to go there but who feel that ator from Arizona is recognized for 2 important move of the United States, a minutes. move to establish freedom in the Mid- those of us who speak our will speak for them and who do not support the Mr. MCCAIN. I thank you, Mr. Presi- dle East. dent. We are dependent upon oil now. I doctrine of preemption. AMENDMENT NO. 1885, AS MODIFIED wonder how many know that within 10 Fie on that doctrine of preemption! years we will be dependent upon Qatar Fie on it! Here we have an America Mr. President, I want to speak on the for liquefied natural gas. They have that has invaded another country that Brownback amendment. It will be the 1,000 times the amount of natural gas did not invade our country, that did last signal that we send before final we have in our State of Alaska, and we not attack us. That is a dangerous doc- passage. have half the natural gas in the United trine. Those who vote against this bill My colleagues should know that it States. That region of the world will be are voting against that doctrine. So do diverts $450 million out of Iraq into important to the United States for 50 not be ashamed of it. what are largely unspecified projects. to 100 years from now. Our future de- I close with the words written on a It ignores the fact that the reconstruc- pends upon having people there who statue to Benjamin Hill that stands in tion of Iraq is as vital as is the defense understand freedom, who seek freedom, Atlanta, GA: of Iraq and the military portion of it. who seek stability through govern- Who saves his country, saves himself, saves Basically, the sponsor of the amend- mental control and are willing to make all things, and all things saved do bless him! ment has decided what is necessary and agreements and keep them and not Who lets his country die, lets all things die, what is not necessary to be allocated willing to build up armaments such as dies himself ignobly, and all things dying to Iraq, whether it be housing or other curse him! Saddam Hussein did. He was a threat programs that have been deemed nec- not only to that part of the world, he Vote to save your country, I say to essary by the administration, and de- was a threat to the whole world. I said my colleagues. Vote to save your coun- cided that $450 million would go to Af- I believed he was a new Hitler, and he try. I was not brought here by any ghanistan and to Liberia. would have been a new Hitler. Commander in Chief. No Commander in So the fact is, this is another micro- I urge the Senate to vote for this bill, Chief brought me here, and no Com- management amendment, point No. 1. to vote for it and vote to support the mander in Chief is going to send me No. 2, it ignores the fact that the re- men and women in uniform who have home. construction of Iraq is equally as vital fought the war we asked them to fight. My first and last stand by which I as the military side of it. Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, do I have live and by which I hope to die is this There are some provisions that I do any time remaining? Constitution of the United States. It not particularly agree with, but the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- says I have a right, and the men and fact is, these have been scrutinized, ator from West Virginia has 81⁄2 min- women of this Chamber have a duty, to and I believe it would be a terrible mis- utes remaining. speak the people’s will. take to divert this money from the

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.084 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12803 projects for which they are intended. Rockefeller Schumer Sununu Because I believe the effect of the $87 The Appropriations Committee had Sarbanes Stabenow Wyden billion appropriations will be to make hearings and discussion with the ad- NOT VOTING—2 our troops less secure, more exposed to ministration and with Ambassador Alexander Craig danger without any exit strategy, I Bremer. The motion was agreed to. will vote no. This amendment is not very much Mr. STEVENS. I move to reconsider At an appropriate time after this different from the Byrd-Biden amend- the vote, and I move to lay that mo- vote, I am going to ask recognition to ment which the Senate decided not to tion on the table. give a fuller statement of my position. accept some time ago. The motion to lay on the table was The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time I urge a ‘‘no’’ vote on the part of my agreed to. has expired. The question is on the en- grossment and third reading of the bill. colleagues on this amendment. Mr. STEVENS. The Senator from Florida has 2 minutes. After that 2 The bill was ordered to be engrossed The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time for a third reading and was read the has expired. The question is on the minutes, there will be a vote on final passage. After the vote, there will be third time. amendment. some speeches concerning the bill. This AFGHAN WOMEN’S PROGRAMS The assistant Democratic leader. next vote will be the final vote on this Mrs. MURRAY. I ask the Chairman, Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have a bill. as you know, late last night a very im- unanimous consent request. I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under portant amendment regarding funding unanimous consent that there be no the previous order, the Senator from for Afghan women’s programs pre- speeches prior to the final passage Florida will be recognized for 2 min- viously authorized by the Afghanistan vote, except for a 2-minute speech by utes. Freedom Act of 2002 was accepted in the Senator from Florida, Mr. GRAHAM. The majority leader. the House version of this bill. The All other speeches would come after Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, just for amendment was introduced by Con- final passage. the information of our colleagues, on gresswoman CAROLYN MALONEY of New The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Monday we will have a vote in the York. objection? afternoon around 5 or 5:30. I am dis- I know you share my concerns about Mr. STEVENS. No objection. cussing with the Democratic leader the treatment of women in Afghani- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Hearing what we will be doing on Monday. We stan. And as we discussed earlier none, it is so ordered. initially talked about bringing forward today, I have agreed not to offer my The question is on agreeing to the Healthy Forests, but I think we will amendment, which was similar to the motion to table Brownback amend- not be doing that at this juncture. We one accepted in the House bill, with the ment No. 1885, as modified. The yeas will have an announcement later about understanding that you will support and nays have been ordered. The clerk that. this issue in conference. I know a lot of people will be leaving Mr. STEVENS. I am aware of the will call the roll. after the vote, so for their information, House amendment. I appreciate your The assistant legislative clerk called we will be having one vote I know for interests in this area and will work the roll. sure on Monday around 5 or 5:30. We with my colleagues in conference to Mr. MCCONNELL. I announce that will pin that down later tonight. support funding for women’s programs the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The as- in Afghanistan. ANDER) and the Senator from Idaho sistant minority leader. Mr. BYRD. I would like to echo (Mr. CRAIG) are necessarily absent. Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have con- Chairman STEVENS’ remarks and thank I further announce that if present ferred with the distinguished chairman the Senator from Washington, Mrs. and voting the Senator from Tennessee from Alaska and he has no objection. I MURRAY, for bringing this issue before (Mr. ALEXANDER) would vote ‘‘yes’’. hope no one else does. I ask unanimous the Senate. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there consent that Senator LEAHY be the Mrs. MURRAY. I thank the Chair- any other Senators in the Chamber de- first speaker after the final vote. man and Senator BYRD. siring to vote? The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without USNA HURRICANE ISABEL DAMAGE The result was announced—yeas 55, objection, it is so ordered. Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I have nays 43, as follows: The Senator from Florida. introduced an amendment to provide Mr. GRAHAM of Florida. I thank the [Rollcall Vote No. 399 Leg.] for recovery of the United States Naval Chair. Academy from damage caused by Hur- YEAS—55 Mr. President, it is my intention to ricane Isabel. I appreciate Senators Allard Dole McCain vote no on final passage of this legisla- COCHRAN, SARBANES, and MCCAIN co- Allen Domenici McConnell tion. I am deeply concerned about the sponsoring this amendment. The four Baucus Ensign Miller implications of this $87 billion expendi- Bennett Enzi Murkowski of us serve on the U.S. Naval Acad- Bingaman Fitzgerald Nickles ture on domestic fiscal issues, such as emy’s Board of Visitors. We share a Bond Frist Roberts the enormous addition this will make commitment to this outstanding insti- Boxer Graham (SC) Santorum to an already enormous deficit this fis- tution to educate and develop Amer- Breaux Grassley Sessions Bunning Gregg cal year and the effect this will have on Shelby ica’s future military leaders. Burns Hagel pursuit of important priorities within Smith On September 18, Hurricane Isabel Campbell Hatch Snowe the United States of America. struck the eastern seaboard. It was one Chambliss Hollings My fundamental reason for voting Cochran Inhofe Specter of the worst storms in the last 100 Coleman Inouye Stevens against this is that I think we have two years. Isabel left some Marylanders Collins Kyl Talent choices: We can either continue to go it homeless and most Marylanders with- Cornyn Landrieu Thomas alone in Iraq, or we can seriously inter- Crapo Lieberman Voinovich out electricity. From Bowley’s Quar- Dayton Lott Warner nationalize this occupation and recon- ters to Shadyside, the storm surge DeWine Lugar struction. By seriously, I mean some- caused by Isabel flooded homes and thing beyond the words of the U.N. res- NAYS—43 businesses. I appreciate the help that olution that was passed yesterday and FEMA has provided to so many of my Akaka Dorgan Lautenberg the reality of troops on the ground and Bayh Durbin Leahy constituents in their time of need. Biden Edwards Levin dollars in the Treasury for reconstruc- The U.S. Naval Academy in Annap- Brownback Feingold Lincoln tion. olis, MD was one of the places most Byrd Feinstein Mikulski I believe this $87 billion blank check devastated by Hurricane Isabel. Over 8 Cantwell Graham (FL) Murray Carper Harkin appropriation removes whatever incen- feet of water surged through Bancroft Nelson (FL) tive this administration may have had Hall, where the midshipmen live, as Chafee Hutchison Nelson (NE) Clinton Jeffords Pryor to negotiate seriously a burden sharing well as the kitchens and dining hall Conrad Johnson Reed and a decisionmaking sharing with where they eat. Classroom and labora- Corzine Kennedy Reid Daschle Kerry those countries which have the capa- tory facilities were flooded, leaving Dodd Kohl bility of providing real support in Iraq. them unusable.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.086 S17PT1 S12804 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 I went to Annapolis to see the dam- the storm to be fully met from the That is why I supported a provision age with the new Naval Academy Su- funds provided by that amendment. in this bill that requires the President perintendent, ADM Rod Rempt. Ban- Ms. MIKULSKI. The House also pro- to report to Congress on his efforts to croft Hall still had several feet of vides funding in its bill to address Hur- increase international donations and to standing water. A few midshipmen ricane Isabel’s damage to military fa- assess how the U.S. can best leverage were boating across the yard. Boats cilities. I would appreciate assurances U.S. taxpayer dollars for international and debris littered the fields. Labs were that the conferees will work to ensure support and international debt forgive- under water. The chiller and electrical that the needs of the U.S. Naval Acad- ness. systems were flooded. Mold and rot was emy will be funded as this supple- The administration has had some beginning to set in, despite great ef- mental bill goes to conference. successes in gaining international sup- forts to contain the damage. Mr. BYRD. I am fully in agreement port, notably yesterday’s United Na- The U.S. Naval Academy was not with the Senator from Maryland on tions Security Council resolution, shut down by a storm. Classes are this issue. I look forward to working in which was a unanimous statement sup- being held on a barge tied up on the conference so that the needs of the U.S. porting multilateral efforts to sta- Severn River. But we must get the Naval Academy to recover from Hurri- bilize, reconstruct and support Iraq’s Naval Academy repaired and restored. cane Isabel are fully funded. transition towards a sovereign democ- As the Senior Senator from Virginia Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, I racy. has pointed out, the military can’t rise to discuss the emergency supple- Also, the administration has taken turn to FEMA, they have to turn to mental spending bill before us that will an important step in engaging foreign Congress. give our troops the resources they need countries to commit troops, including I joined with Senator WARNER and to do their jobs; hold the President the recent agreement from Turkey. others in offering an amendment which more accountable for his postwar plan; The administration has also shown provides $500 million to address storm and help the Iraqi people get back on progress in soliciting financial con- damage to military and NASA facili- their feet. tributions, including the $1.5 billion ties. I believe that amendment covers I believe that the Iraqi people very Japanese commitment. what I intended with my amendment. much deserve U.S. assistance getting However, this is really just a start. The Warner amendment was accepted their country back on its feet. It is for Foreign troops and foreign contribu- last night. The funds should be suffi- this reason that I am supporting fund- tions remain terribly lower than where cient to provide the Navy Operations ing in this supplemental appropriations they need to be. and Maintenance and Military Con- bill for Iraqi reconstruction. The administration needs to be com- struction funding needed to make the However, I am very concerned that mitted to broadening its coalition of Naval Academy whole. I would appre- the administration does not have a support and making the Iraqi recon- ciate the distinguished chairman of the clear, comprehensive and convincing struction a global challenge met by the Armed Services Committee, and the plan to do this. international community. former Secretary of the Navy, con- It is for this reason that I have I believe that it is also very impor- firming that that was his intent in of- strongly opposed providing the Bush tant that the administration speaks fering his amendment. But first I administration with a blank check in with a solid, unified voice regarding its would yield to one of the Naval Acad- the expenditure of funds in this supple- efforts and strategy in Iraq. emy’s distinguished alumni, the Sen- mental. It seems that every day we hear a dif- Instead, this supplemental bill in- ator from Arizona. ferent plan, a different projection, a cludes a broad set of reports and over- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I share different statement on needs and de- sight mechanisms, including: Senator MIKULSKI’s commitment to the A permanent inspector general mands from one of several agencies and U.S. Naval Academy, and I greatly ap- charged with overseeing the Coalition ‘‘spokespeople’’ that claim to speak for preciate her outstanding leadership in Provisional Authority on its oper- the administration. addressing all matters that concern the The American people need and de- ations and financial transactions. health and welfare of midshipmen, es- Audits for the use of reconstruction serve accountability and clarity—not pecially in this matter of the serious funds, including how they are solicited, only on the challenges that we face, damage which occurred at the Acad- bid and granted. but on the solutions that we are seek- emy. I join her in seeking assurances A monthly report from the Coalition ing to execute. from the Appropriations Committee Provisional Authority on its progress This clarity is particularly impor- and the Department of Defense that in the stated goal of replacing U.S. tant for the central questions of how the funding provided by Chairman troops with multinational forces and long reconstruction will take, what the WARNER’s Amendment will include Iraqi security personnel. U.S. role will be, and, perhaps most im- funding to fully meet the needs of the A report on the administration’s uti- portantly, how long our troops will re- Naval Academy to recover from Hurri- lization of National Guard and Re- main in harm’s way. cane Isabel. Admiral Rempt, the Super- serves, and the impact that this has on The uniformed men and women of intendent of the Naval Academy, and our country’s homeland security. our armed forces have served their Mullen, the Vice Chief of Naval Oper- A requirement for the President to country well. Their military efforts ations, are still determining the extent submit to Congress its projected costs have demonstrated historic success, of the damage and its total costs for Iraqi operations through 2008 and and they continue to sacrifice for our caused by the hurricane. According to any changes to these projections. country on a daily basis in securing ADMs Rempt and Mullen, there may be Quarterly reports to Congress on the and stabilizing Iraq. additional resources that may be re- status of the hunt for weapons of mass Washington State is proud to be the quired to relocate the Chiller Plant destruction. home of thousands of troops, sailors which provides critical heating and air These are important mechanisms and airmen that have served in Iraq conditioning and was seriously dam- that demonstrate clearly that this and Afghanistan from home bases from aged by the floods from Hurricane Isa- funding does not come without strings such places as Fort Lewis, Fairchild bel. I thank Senator MIKULSKI for her attached. On the contrary, these mech- Air Force Base, and Everett Naval Sta- leadership in this matter. anisms will hold the administration ac- tion. Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I thank countable for developing a strategy and These men and women are meeting Senator MIKULSKI for joining with me ensure transparency in supporting the call of duty superbly and we must in offering the amendment to address Iraqi reconstruction. provide them with the equipment and the damage done by Hurricane Isabel We also need to be clear that the U.S. support that they deserve. to military facilities, and for her help cannot do this alone. I believe the U.S. We also owe a particular debt of grat- in getting that amendment adopted. I must take the leadership role to ensure itude for our National Guard and Re- can assure you that I intend the needs that Iraq benefits from the legitimacy, serve units, which have been mobilized of the U.S. Naval Academy and all cooperation and money that only a in historic numbers and for sustained other military facilities damaged by broad coalition can guarantee. lengths of time—leaving their jobs

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.042 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12805 and families to serve their countries. by Arkansans in part to watch over the tenance, procurement, the Defense In fact, in my state, the 81st Armored Federal budget so I wanted to know Health Program, and military con- Brigade—almost 4,000 citizen-soldiers— what Americans were getting for their struction that one would expect to sup- were alerted for a possible deployment hard-earned $87 billion—$87 billion that port our obligations to the uniform to Iraq. will propel our Nation even further services totaling around $62–$63 billion. Given this important sacrifice made into debt. I support this funding. It is respon- by reservists, I am particularly pleased I want to go on record commending sible. It is necessary and part of our ob- that this supplemental package in- the work of my colleagues on the Ap- ligation to our troops. cludes my bipartisan fair deployment propriations Committee. They did the The National Security section fur- amendment. best that they could given the cir- ther provides funding for the Iraq Free- Like many guard and reservists—in- cumstances. I think that I am a fair- dom Fund, the Overseas Humanitarian cluding the National Guard Associa- minded American but this $87 billion account, the Disaster and Civic Aid ac- tion, the Reserve Officers Association, request was dumped in Congress’s lap count, drug interdiction and and the National Military Families As- by the President on September 17, 2003. counterdrug activities, and the intel- sociation—I was disturbed last month Today is October 17 only 4 weeks ligence community management ac- by the administration’s sudden change since we have received this package. It count. While I wish we had greater de- in deployment policy. takes most people longer to do their tails about these programs, I will put My amendment addresses the change taxes than we have had to figure out an my trust in this administration who by requiring that deployment times for $87 billion package. And while we have believes that these funds are needed to guard and reserves begin as soon as heard testimony from the top brass in support the missions in Iraq and Af- they are activated, we ensure that the Defense Department, we have not ghanistan. every day of service counts. from any outside witnesses with views However, I can only extend so much I have long said that we need to be that might differ from the administra- good faith and trust—which brings us consistent in how we calculate the de- tion. For instance, would it not make to Title II of the bill. Title II or the ployment times for our Guard and Re- sense to hear from the Iraqi Governing International Affairs section of the serve personnel and this will do this by Council regarding this bill? supplemental is intended to help secure starting the clock ticking when their Regardless, here we are, and I have the transition to democracy in both boots are out of the house. made every effort to fairly examine Iraq and Afghanistan. Its price tag is In addition, this includes resources this package. This is what I have $21 billion. Some of this reconstruction request for health care for reservists and their found. families, as well as critical funding for The $87 billion package is broken makes sense to me, such as the $35 mil- lion to establish a U.S. diplomatic our veterans. down into two titles—National Secu- presence in Iraq and Afghanistan and First, I was a proud co-sponsor of an rity and International Affairs. amendment that will extend TRICARE Title I, the National Security section the $90 million for emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service which coverage to reservists and their fami- of the bill, provides $66.5 billion to includes reward funds to be paid for in- lies who are not currently covered by carry out the war in Iraq and Afghani- formation leading to the capture or health insurance, and provide assist- stan. The committee report accom- whereabouts of Osama bin Laden and ance to those reservists who are called panying S. 1689 says that these funds Saddam Hussein. It is expensive, but up to duty so that they do not have to are for increased operational tempo, we have to back the work that our cancel their existing health care cov- military personnel costs, military con- troops have done and keep our commit- erages. struction, procurement of equipment, ment to the Iraqi people. Second, I also proudly cosponsored a increased maintenance and military But overall I, along with many Ar- Bond-Mikulski amendment that will health care support. kansans, struggle to embrace the ad- provide $1.3 billion in funding for vet- Title II, the International Affairs ministration’s obtuse and costly ap- erans health care. This amendment section of the bill, provides $21 billion proach to reconstruction in Iraq. means that Washington State will re- to help secure the transition to democ- I have followed the progress of the ceive approximately $30 million in new racy in both Iraq and Afghanistan. The war in Iraq keenly. I have attended the VA health care funding, providing care committee states that these funds are administration’s war briefings faith- to approximately 6,000 veterans who for enhanced security and reconstruc- fully. I have gone to the Senate Armed would not receive it. tion activities including border en- Services Committee hearings consist- This has been an important, produc- forcement, building a national police ently. I have had the benefit of first- tive and historic debate for the future service in Iraq, standing up a new Iraqi hand accounts from Secretary Rums- of Iraq, the Middle East region and, army and continued building of the Af- feld, Ambassador Bremer, and General most importantly, in shaping Amer- ghan National Army, reconstituted ju- John Abizaid, to name a few. ica’s role in the world. dicial systems, rehabilitation of Iraq’s Yet I was not prepared for the strat- This ultimate bill ensures that Con- oil infrastructure, and provision of egy, or lack thereof, of rebuilding Iraq. gress will retain a major role in over- basic electricity, water and sewer serv- I was never told that the American seeing the way this money is spent and ices and other critical reconstruction people would be footing the entire bill I remain committed to ensuring that needs in Iraq and Afghanistan. for Iraqi reconstruction. Therefore, I we give our troops the tools they need Let me tell you that once into the understand the reaction of many Amer- to do their jobs; get the international details, there is much in this bill that icans. I understand that they have support that we need; and making sure is straightforward and I whole- questions and concerns. So do I, and that our mission in Iraq is completed heartedly support. they are reasonable questions: quickly and that our troops can come For example, under the National Se- We must ask: One, what reconstruc- home. curity section, this bill contains $1.2 tion efforts should the U.S. be solely Mr. PRYOR. Mr. President. I rise billion for enhanced Special Pays in- responsible for and what should the today to address the historic legisla- cluding Family Separation Allowance, Iraqis pay for? Two, what does Iraq tion before the Senate. I refer to S. Imminent Danger Pay, and Hostile need, and what does Iraq need right 1689, the Emergency Supplemental Ap- Duty Pay. The Senate Appropriations now? propriations for Iraq and Afghanistan Committee should be commended for There are many reconstruction items Security and Reconstruction Act, 2004. their decision to support the continu- that this administration is asking for Let me begin with what seems to be ation of the Family Separation Allow- that should be scrutinized so we can the reaction of most Americans. I am ance and the Imminent Danger Pay at properly determine whether they are captivated by the sheer sum of the the levels authorized for all of fiscal truly needed to stabilize Iraq. I fully bill—$87 billion. year 2004, rather than the Defense De- understand that Iraq has needs, but Ar- Once beyond the initial sticker partment’s request. kansas has needs, too. shock, I began to look at the content of Title I contains other essential fund- The Senate has just had an impor- this package. I was sent to the Senate ing for personnel, operation and main- tant debate on this bill and I have used

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.111 S17PT1 S12806 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 this time to be open to fresh ideas. hope that the administration will join owed to them by the former Iraqi dic- There have been a few good alter- in supporting this bipartisan plan. tator. I would suggest to those who natives to consider and I have sup- Wars must be paid for and I intend to have made loans to the former regime ported several alternatives. One such honor our commitments. I will support in Iraq that they step up quickly and measure was Senator BYRD’s amend- the amended version of the $87 billion waive those loans. This will go a long ment that would have split U.S. troop Iraq supplemental bill. It supports our way in helping a new, democratic Iraq funding from the Iraqi reconstruction troops and it starts to address a long- move forward. proposal and given Congress an oppor- term solution for the economic viabil- I am pleased that the Senate accept- tunity to sort through some of the ad- ity of Iraq. I believe that this amended ed an amendment that I introduced on ministration’s more questionable fund- request offers a better solution than October 2, 2003, which requires the ing requests. what was originally offered by adminis- President to report to Congress within I want to hold this administration tration. It is a small, but positive step four months regarding steps taken to accountable but I do not wish to hold toward meeting our obligations in Iraq increase financial commitments from our troops hostage. By separating this while protecting the American tax- the international community. The money, we can ensure our troops get payer. amendment also requires a detailed list the support they need while making Mr. VOINOVICH. Mr. President, as of countries that have contributed sure we are spending taxpayers’ money we continue discussion on the supple- funds, as well as information on those in a wise and effective manner. mental spending request to support countries that have eliminated debt I also supported Senator DORGAN’s military operations and reconstruction owed to them by the former Iraqi re- amendment that would have used Iraqi in Iraq and Afghanistan, I would like gime. oil revenues to offset the U.S. direct to take a few minutes to again express Further, as we encourage other coun- grant payments. Unfortunately, both my strong support for the funding in- tries to eliminate their debt, we should amendments failed. cluded in this bill. not saddle Iraq with any more loans. I came to Washington to protect the I believe these resources are essential Countries that chose to do business best interests of my constituents and to our efforts to secure a stable future with Saddam should, as I said, elimi- all Americans. In spite of the rhetoric for the people of Iraq. This funding is nate that debt as a way to share in the that many Americans hear every day also crucial to American soldiers serv- task of rebuilding a democratic Iraq. about the partisan nature of Capitol ing on the ground in Iraq, providing Iraq’s debt is already mountainous, Hill, last night a vote was held on the necessary resources to help them finish totaling nearly $200 billion in debts and Senate floor that demonstrates that the job, and to bring them back home reparations. As Ambassador Bremer my friends on both sides of the aisle as quickly as possible. has pointed out, Iraq can hardly serv- take their commitments very seri- This is true not only of the military ice its existing debt, let alone take on ously. portion of the request, totaling ap- more. As a matter of fact, as one mem- In the spirit in which this Nation was proximately $66 billion, but also the ber of the Iraqi Governing Council has founded, last night the Senate adopted, $20.3 billion in funding for reconstruc- said, in his opinion, those loans are with my support, a bipartisan agree- tion in Iraq. morally repugnant to the Iraqi people ment on Iraqi reconstruction. I am Some of my colleagues believe this because they were made to a dictator proud to support this bipartisan agree- funding for reconstruction should be in who killed thousands of their brothers and sisters and who made them live ment sponsored by Senators BAYH, BEN the form of a loan. While I understand under a 35-year reign of terror. NELSON, ENSIGN, GRAHAM and their rationale, after carefully consid- Finally, providing assistance to Iraq CHAMBLISS, to name a few. ering the situation and listening to the at this time in the form of a grant is Under the bipartisan agreement, the points raised by Ambassador Bremer the right thing to do. proposed $20 billion grant to rebuild and our colleagues, I have concluded As I remarked on the floor of the Iraq will be divided into two parts: this funding must be in the form of a Senate on October 1, 2003, we now have One, a $10.2 billion grant for security grant. It is important for several rea- the chance of a lifetime to create a new efforts in Iraq; and, two, a $10 billion sons. paradigm of democracy in the Middle loan. First, if we tell the American people East, and to do for this part of the Importantly, the $10 billion loan will we are going to loan this money and world what we did for Germany and be converted into a grant if 90 percent that it is going to be paid back some- Japan in the aftermath of World War of Iraq’s preliberation debts are for- where down the road, many of them II. given. I am told that Iraq may have the will be very cynical about whether or As we consider this question, it is ap- largest oil reserve in the world, but is not we will get the money back. There propriate that we look to the lessons of currently captive to more than $100 bil- is no Iraqi government to agree to history. We should look to the peace lion in foreign pre-war debt owed to repay a loan. I think we ought to level that prevailed in Europe following countries such as Saudi Arabia, France with them and say, this initial grant is World War II under the Marshall plan, and Russia. Even if the United States a grant. If we are asked to look at addi- when our assistance was given as a were to provide the $10 billion up front tional funding down the road, then grant, as contrasted with the events as a grant, Iraq will have a very dif- that is a different story. However, that took place following the signing of ficult time recovering economically there is very little chance that Iraq the Treaty of Versailles. from the burden of the $100 billion would be able to pay back this money Ambassador Bremer said it well in debt. This amendment encourages the in the near future. testimony before the Senate a few international community to forgive Next, as we look to increase con- weeks ago. He observed that after the debt incurred by Saddam Hussein tributions from the international com- World War I, the allied forces ‘‘cele- by leveraging our negotiations for debt munity, I think this funding must be in brated their victory, mourned their relief with the incentive that the the form of a grant and not a loan. This dead and demanded the money they United States will provide a $10 billion is particularly important as we ap- were owed.’’ reconstruction grant—above the $10 proach the Donors’ Conference in Ma- He said, ‘‘We know the results of that billion already provided for in the sup- drid next week. We must do all that we policy. Extremism, bred in a swamp of plemental—if the international com- can to make this a shared responsi- despair, bankruptcy and unpayable munity forgives 90 percent of its bilat- bility, and if we make U.S. funds for in- debts, gave the world Fascism in Italy eral debt. frastructure projects contingent upon a and Nazism in Germany.’’ I support this proposal. It would help loan, I do not think our friends and al- Today we find ourselves with another the Iraqi people and it would provide a lies would be willing to come to the historic opportunity to promote a new long-term solution to rebuilding Iraq. table and support additional money for era of peace, stability and democracy More importantly, it helps the United Iraq. in Iraq and in the Middle East. By ex- States to move forward on our own im- This is also crucial as we call on tending support to help Iraq in the portant domestic spending, as the Iraqi those countries that did business with form of a grant, our actions will dem- debt issue will hopefully be resolved. I Saddam Hussein to eliminate the debt onstrate better than any rhetoric could

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.113 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12807 that we are genuinely interested in While the military has emphasized to our State in Arkansas history. As a supporting humane reconstruction in these troops the need to drink plenty Senator and as an Arkansan, I want to Iraq, as we did following World War II. of fluids and to eat properly, we have know that these troops are going to re- We must remember that our war on seen reports that military field hos- ceive the supplies that they need to do terrorism began after 9/11. Two years pitals in Iraq are contending with cases the job, and the pay that they deserve ago, after it happened, I said, ‘‘Our ac- of dehydration and heat exhaustion on for their service. tions must be ongoing and relentless, a fairly regular basis. When this President ran for office 3 and dedicated to excising the cancer of Given the nature of the desert cli- years ago, one of his central promises terrorism wherever it raises its ugly mate, are our soldiers adequately sup- was that he would make the needs of head. We owe it to the victims and plied? It has become quite clear that the uniformed military a paramount their families, especially their children they are not. concern. and grandchildren, to make sure this Troops are limited to a ration of two But the record of this administration never happens again. Most of all, we 1-liter bottles of water per day, accord- in supporting our troops and their fam- owe it to the American people and the ing to numerous reports we have heard ilies suggests otherwise. world community to bring an end to from the field. Now the President comes to Congress terrorism everywhere and forever.’’ I know of at least one mother in Ar- seeking an additional $87 billion to sus- There are millions of young people kansas who has routinely shipped cases tain our engagement in Iraq and Af- under the age of 20 in the Middle East of bottled water to her son who is serv- ghanistan. and we want them chanting, ‘‘Freedom ing in Iraq. I hear frequently from While this legislation was being and Democracy!’’ not Jihad against the spouses or mothers who are forced to crafted, I asked that the President use rest of the world. ship food, water, or other needed sup- his leadership to place a higher pri- This funding is critical as we con- plies to their loved ones in the field, at ority on the well-being and quality of tinue that effort. their own expense. life of American troops serving in these Mrs. LINCOLN. Mr. President, as de- In many respects, the food supply sit- war-torn nations. The President has expressed his great bate about the supplemental appropria- uation is also a cause for concern. pride in our troops, and I share that tion for military operations and recon- One news report from this summer pride. I ask that he now match that struction in Iraq and Afghanistan detailed the dismay of American troops pride with a commitment to these comes to a close, I would like to ensure who, while surviving on MRE rations, that our focus remains on the welfare troops and their families. learned that Italian troops serving First, the President and the Pen- of our Nation’s troops. alongside them were being fed freshly That is why I would like to speak on tagon need to review the allocation of cooked pasta. behalf of the men and women who are rations, water, and supplies to our These shortages of quality water and serving in our Nation’s Armed Forces— troops to ensure that they can main- food are causing troop morale to flag. those currently on active duty as well tain their strength and health, as well On top of that, many soldiers are as in the National Guard and Re- as a modicum of comfort, in an ex- growing concerned, confused, and frus- serves—who are serving today in Iraq, tremely harsh desert environment. trated by the length of their deploy- Afghanistan, and across the globe. Third, the President should instruct Since the President declared an end ments—particularly members of the military commanders to develop great- National Guard and Reserves who are to major combat operations in Iraq 51⁄2 er certainty with regard to the length months ago, 195 American troops have now bumping up against what should of combat assignments, so that troops died in action, and over 1,900 have been be the end of their deployment time. and their families can plan for their fu- wounded. Many of these soldiers have already tures. Even if combat in Iraq is being waged served longer than they had been led to Finally, the President should con- at a lesser level than it was 6 months believe, causing great stress and hard- tinue working to build an international ago, it is still agonizingly clear that, in ship for them and for their families. coalition of countries to share in the many parts of Iraq, our troops remain Adding to the uncertainty and frus- burden of post-war Iraq. in danger. tration, news reports from earlier this American troops have paid with their The imminent and ever-present dan- summer indicated that the Bush ad- lives and American taxpayers are pay- ger of guerilla attacks is one of the ministration was exploring a cost-cut- ing for the reconstruction at rates that most severe threats that our soldiers in ting proposal to reduce the pay of re- are greatly disproportionate to the rest the field are facing. servists and guardsmen. of the free world. Many U.S. troops have expressed con- The administration quickly back- The model of international forces cern that they are not adequately pedaled from this plan in the face of an working together for security and re- trained for the specialized demands of outcry from the public, but the pay-cut construction has worked before. In peacekeeping and policing that the re- proposal was the next in a series of in- fact, this model is working right now construction effort requires. Despite dignities and insults to the thousands in places like Afghanistan, where the fact that many of these soldiers are of brave men and women who left their troops from Germany and Holland, burdened with jobs and responsibilities jobs and families for what they were among other countries, are working outside their area of expertise, they led to believe would be a short stay in alongside United States troops to bring have shown themselves to be resource- the Middle East. security and peace to that nation. ful and resilient in taking hold of their On the front page of yesterday’s Although Afghanistan still faces a assignments. Washington Post is a story about the number of security challenges and we But, alarmingly, the dangers and dif- dissatisfaction of our troops in the still face a long commitment to the Af- ficulties that our troops face go far be- field, based upon an informal survey of ghan people, there is no doubt that the yond the threat posed by attacks from soldiers conducted by the Stars and country is much better off now than it insurgents and guerillas. Stripes newspaper. According to the was at this time 3 years ago. This There are additional threats to their survey, half of the troops questioned progress is a direct result of the multi- safety and security that we cannot ne- rated their unit morale as ‘‘low’’ or national force working to secure and glect. I have grown increasingly con- ‘‘very low.’’ Forty percent, according reconstruct Afghanistan today. cerned about the conditions under to the survey, believe that the jobs We should continue to seek a similar which many of our troops are being they are doing have ‘‘little or nothing force structure for the stabilization forced to serve in the Middle East. to do’’ with what they have been and reconstruction of Iraq. The United Currently, the difficult conditions trained to do. Nations Security Council resolution posed by a desert deployment—includ- Right now, Arkansas reservists in the that was passed today is one step in the ing brutal temperatures of 120 degrees 39th Infantry Brigade have been called right direction. Even if we don’t yet or even higher in the summer months, up for rotation into Iraq beginning have concrete commitments of troops along with high winds and sand- early next year. Nearly 3,500 Arkansas or funding, it does help bring our allies storms—are compounded by shortages soldiers are being activated, which is to the table. It does give us an oppor- of quality water and food. the largest deployment of troops from tunity to begin the process of healing

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.114 S17PT1 S12808 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 the rifts in the global community and Even though we have made some sig- after all this time, the Bush adminis- perhaps to ensure a more peaceful fu- nificant improvements in this bill dur- tration still has not developed a con- ture. I urge the President to continue ing consideration in the Senate, I do sistent position about the rationale for working to secure the support of our have some reservations. I remain con- this war. In fact, each passing day allies and the United Nations. cerned that we are spending too much leads me to be more certain that the At this point, it is clear that there is money on reconstruction projects of development and use of intelligence a great deal of work to be done in Iraq, dubious value, and too little on ensur- pre-conflict has been misused for polit- and that our commitment of troops in ing the safety and security of our ical justification, not informed policy the Middle East is going to last for sev- troops. And I am deeply, deeply con- formulation. This is why I continue to eral more years at the least. cerned of the effect of this additional call for an independent, bipartisan This latest request for billions of dol- spending on our burgeoning deficit—a commission to investigate the develop- lars to support operations and recon- burden that our children and grand- ment and use of intelligence related to struction in Iraq is the clearest sugges- children are going to have to bear. Iraq. tion from the administration that our In the weeks and months to come, I Having said all that, the decision to commitment is only going to grow expect the administration to make a go to war has long since passed. And more intense in the coming months better effort to improve communica- the question before the Senate today is and years. tions with Congress on the progress we how to move forward from here. It is important to recognize that are making in Iraq. I expect the admin- Needless to say, all of us are glad these decisions are not made in a vacu- istration to keep Congress better in- that Saddam Hussein, a tyrannical dic- um. We have a responsibility to ask formed about progress in Iraq, and to tator, is out of power. However, not- how these funds are being spent. We present a clear plan for the future— withstanding Saddam’s departure, Iraq have a right to know what further re- how this money is being spent, how it is now a country with very serious sources will be needed beyond this sup- is to be paid for, and what the results problems. Violence against American plemental appropriation. And we have of this spending will be. I have sup- soldiers, and crime generally, plagues an obligation to ask what effects this ported legislation that promotes great- the country. Iraq’s economy is strug- spending will have on our domestic pri- er disclosure from the administration, gling. Many Iraqis have lost jobs and orities and the needs of our constitu- and encourage the President to cooper- are having a hard time making ends ents. ate with Congress in good faith. meet. And we have made very little I have heard repeatedly from my con- President Bush and members of his progress in shifting power from Amer- stituents in Arkansas, who are deeply administration have told us repeatedly ican forces to Iraqis themselves. concerned about this funding and how that this funding is needed in order to While I opposed this war, I also am it is being spent. In Arkansas, we have ensure that Iraq is stabilized and se- convinced that we cannot and must not a tremendous need for water projects, cured, and to ensure that we can bring just walk away from Iraq at this point. for education funding, for health care, down troop levels and casualty levels. Having invaded the country and cre- for infrastructure, and for all the ne- I, along with the people of Arkansas, ated a situation with such problems, cessities that federal investment can intend to hold them accountable for we have a responsibility to help ad- bring. My constituents ask, how can we those goals. afford $87 billion for Iraq when we’re dress them. Even more fundamentally, Mr. CORZINE. Mr. President, after repeatedly told that there is no money helping Iraq get back on its feet is very giving this matter considerable for projects at home? Where is this much in the interests of the United thought, I have decided to vote for this money going to come from? How is it States itself. emergency supplemental. I do so with A strong, democratic Iraq could well going to be spent? Further, I support providing a sub- great reluctance, and I wanted to take help stabilize the entire Middle East stantial portion of the funding in this a few moments to explain how I came region, even if this rationale is often legislation designated for reconstruc- to this decision. overstated. By contrast, an unstable Let me begin by saying that I voted tion projects in the form of a loan. I do Iraq would not only destabilize the re- in October 2002 against the resolution not believe my children and possibly gion, but is likely to further become a my grandchildren should be required to to give the President broad authority breeding ground for terrorists. Our own pay for this effort without at least to go to war in Iraq. At the time, I be- national security could be put at risk some help from the Iraqi people. I was lieved the administration had failed to as a result, as it was by a festering Af- pleased the Senate approved an amend- make the case that Iraq posed an im- ghanistan. ment with my support that converts minent threat; had failed to develop a So, I do think we need to address the $10 billion of the reconstruction fund- meaningful international coalition problems facing Iraq in a meaningful ing contained in the bill into a loan. with whom to share the burdens and way. And that, inevitably, is going to I also believe that to be successful in costs of war; had failed to prioritize the cost money. I voted for the first supple- the long run, the Iraqi people and the more serious risks of global terrorists, mental appropriations bill, which pro- global community must have a vested North Korea and Iran; had failed to de- vided almost $80 billion for the effort. interest in this reconstruction effort. velop a plan for reconstruction once And I recognize that we are going to When constituents from Arkansas the war was over, and had failed to be have to provide much more in future come to ask me for help with projects straight with the American people years. in their communities, I have to tell about why we were going to war in the At the same time, we in the Congress them in most cases that I can’t help first place. have a responsibility to do it right. them with funding to construct build- Looking back at my decision, I am And I have had serious concerns about ings, but I can help secure money for more convinced than ever that it was the approach recommended by the ad- equipment, training and programming. correct. It has become increasingly ministration. The rationale behind this Federal clear that numerous administration Let me be clear: I fully support the policy is that projects are much more claims about the Iraqi threat were ei- funding requested for our military. likely to succeed if the participants ther exaggerated or simply wrong. But, as I see it, the administration’s have a vested interest. I think the With little international support, request for reconstruction funding was same policy holds true for Iraq. America has been left to fight the war problematic in many ways. I am voting in favor of this supple- and rebuild Iraq largely on our own. First, the administration asked for a mental appropriations bill, because I America is shouldering 90 percent of huge amount of money, but failed to believe it is important that we support the costs, providing 90 percent of the identify a single penny in savings to our troops and it is important that we troops, and tragically bearing 95 per- offset that cost. Every dollar requested assist the people of Iraq with rebuild- cent of the casualties on the ground. In was a dollar to be added to the debt ing their country so that our men and that context, the administration still that our children, and their children, women in uniform can finish the job has not put forward a meaningful, will be forced to bear long into the fu- and return home to their loved ones as long-term plan to rebuild Iraq and ture. That, in my view, is fiscally irre- soon as possible. move toward its self-governance. And, sponsible. And that is why I was

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.116 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12809 pleased to join Senator BIDEN in co- Unfortunately, the administration around the fact that our troops are in sponsoring an amendment to fully off- has been unyielding in its determina- Iraq, and they must be supported. set the bill’s cost by merely scaling tion to simply hand out $20 billion in Similarly, we have to accept that, even back a portion of the large new tax grants to Iraq, with no strings at- if we shouldn’t have begun this con- breaks for those with taxable incomes tached. As I see it, that is not a respon- flict, it is now our Nation’s responsi- well over $300,000. Unfortunately, our sible way to manage the people’s bility, and it is in our Nation’s inter- amendment was defeated. So this bill money. Nor is it an effective way to est, to ensure that Iraq is rebuilt and now will be financed entirely by new build long-term public support for the emerges as a modern democratic state debt. That is troubling to me. effort in Iraq. That is why I supported in the context of its own culture. We I also am concerned about the sheer the Bayh amendment, which would simply can’t walk away from Iraq. And size of the administration’s request. turn half of the President’s requested it is imperative that we demonstrate to There is no need to appropriate $87 bil- grants into loans that could be for- the Iraqi people, and the international lion today. Funds already appropriated given only if most of our allies agree to community, that Americans across the are sufficient to get us through the end forgive debts incurred by the regime of political spectrum are committed to of this year, and perhaps well beyond Saddam Hussein. this cause, and will fully support the that. And we could sustain operations Another concern of mine about the Iraqi people as they move toward a free well into next year at a cost far below administration’s request is that it Iraq. $87 billion. In my view, Congress would failed to include sufficient mechanisms Reluctantly, after balancing these be wiser to keep the Iraq operation on to ensure that reconstruction money is many considerations, I will cast my a short leash, to help ensure greater well spent, and well accounted for. The vote ‘‘aye.’’ accountability. request asks Congress to give the exec- Mr. KOHL. Mr. President, 2 weeks Along the same lines, I remain very utive branch largely unfettered discre- ago when the Appropriations Com- concerned about the widespread reports tion to shift funding approved by Con- mittee marked up this $87 billion sup- of abuses in the management of the re- gress for virtually any other purpose plemental spending request from the construction effort. Huge contracts related to Iraq. That is why I was President, we spent an entire day at- have been awarded to companies with pleased to support amendments by Sen- tempting to improve one of the largest close ties to administration officials, ator BYRD to eliminate these broad supplemental requests in our history. often without any bidding, and there grants of authority, and to improve re- Most of the amendments voted on that already have been major cost overruns. porting requirements. I also supported day were defeated on party-line votes, Halliburton is the most notorious ex- the proposal to establish an inspector but the issues raised remain unresolved ample. But there are others. I was general to review related spending. and continue to engage this body and pleased to cosponsor an amendment These accountability measures must the American people. We voted to send with Senator LAUTENBERG in an effort this request to the floor without preju- to address some of these abuses, and I remain in the final conference report. Yet better reporting and monitoring dice, and it is no surprise that there am pleased that another amendment, of spending in Iraq still does not ad- has been tremendous interest in con- proposed by Senator COLLINS, should tinuing to debate the substance of the help block future no-bid contracts. It is dress the more fundamental need for funding proposed for Iraq, and the tim- important that this type of protection the administration to develop a long- ing for disbursing that funding. The in- be included in the final conference re- term plan for operations in Iraq. Some port. will argue that the administration re- terest in this bill reflects the broader Another concern I have had about cently did submit a document to the concerns that persist about the direc- the administration’s $87 billion request Congress. But that document contains tion of our policy in Iraq. is that it has not been matched by an few details about the number of troops We need to take as much time as nec- effective or coherent outreach to bring that will be needed, the cost of oper- essary to review the administration’s other countries into the reconstruction ations beyond this year, or the process plans to rebuild Iraq. By way of com- process. So far, America has borne the by which power eventually will be parison, when Congress approved the overwhelming share of the costs of Iraq shifted from the Coalition Provisional Marshall plan, it spent 11 days debat- operations, and there is little evidence Authority to Iraqis. In my view, it is ing an authorization bill submitted by that this will change in the foreseeable premature, at best, to appropriate such the Truman administration before ap- future. While I was pleased that the a massive amount of money until the propriating any funds. The time, plan- U.N. approved a resolution yesterday administration produces a real long- ning, and extensive oversight that that seemed to signal at least some term plan, and until that plan is sub- went into the Marshall plan helped en- outreach to the international commu- ject to full public debate. sure its success. Given the miscalcula- nity and some reciprocal accommoda- Having said that, I was pleased that tions that have occurred during our tion, many of our allies who voted for the Senate did approve an amendment time in Iraq, it behooves us to be cau- the resolution, including France, Ger- I drafted that will require the Presi- tious and put in place mechanisms to many, and Russia, said that because dent to report every 90 days to the Con- ensure the most vigorous oversight of the resolution did not go far enough, gress about the long-term costs of Iraq the reconstruction of Iraq. they will not provide any additional re- operations, including military oper- If we approve this supplemental—and sources beyond those already pledged. ations and reconstruction. This re- I believe we will—every provision that As a result, American soldiers, and quirement would force the administra- we have added to this measure to in- American taxpayers, will continue to tion to think beyond the short-term. crease accountability and to hold the bear a grossly disproportionate share And it would give Congress the ability administration to benchmarks and of the operation’s ongoing costs. That to plan long term. I hope the provision timetables must be retained in con- needs to change. will be retained in the final version of ference. I voted to support Senator I believe it would be especially appro- the legislation. BYRD’s amendment to add reporting re- priate to ask the Iraqi people them- Today I have detailed many of the quirements for the Coalition Provi- selves to help share in the immediate problems associated with the adminis- sional Authority and to mandate GAO costs of reconstruction, given that Iraq tration’s request for Iraq. Some of audits of Iraqi reconstruction activi- has vast oil reserves that, in the long those problems have been addressed on ties and numerous other amendments term, will produce a huge stream of— the floor through the amendment proc- were adopted by voice vote that revenue conservatively estimated $30- ess, and I am proud to have been part strengthen our ability to oversee the to $40 billion per year. As I see it, Iraq of those efforts. Yet serious short- disbursement of these funds. We could should securitize those revenues—bor- comings remain, and the bill before us have done even more to guarantee the rowing today, using future oil produc- remains substantially flawed. success of the ambitious nation build- tion as collateral. That securitization At the end of the day, however, I ing proposed by the administration if would help relieve the huge burden have reluctantly concluded that this we had adopted the Leahy-Daschle that the President is imposing on flawed bill, for all its problems, is bet- amendment to transfer reconstruction American taxpayers. ter than nothing. There is no getting authority from the Pentagon to the

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.117 S17PT1 S12810 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Department of State. It makes sense I have always believed that before we While there has been a great deal of that those with the most expertise in commit troops abroad, we must do so discussion regarding the reconstruc- this area be in charge of Iraq’s recon- with international support and involve- tion dollars included in this bill, no one struction. The administration’s indeci- ment. As I said when I cast my vote to has disputed that the military funding sion about how to manage the recon- authorize the President to use force is crucial to the support of our troops struction suggests that we have not against Iraq, I did so with the belief in Iraq. Our men and women in uniform heard the last on this matter. that ‘‘moving to disarm Saddam Hus- need the $67 billion included in this Americans’ sense of unease about sein—in concert with the international package to replace damaged equipment United States policy in Iraq is com- community—was the President’s great and stores of spare parts. They need it pounded by the sheer size of this sup- goal.’’ And last year, before we voted, to buy necessities like body armor and plemental. I have heard from countless the President vowed to seek the sup- improve security around facilities. constituents who are concerned that port of the international community They need it so they can move out of we are spending vast resources in Iraq on Iraq. Working with the support of tents and into air conditioned bar- when we have so many pressing needs the international community made racks. Some of my colleagues may here at home. I share their sense of sense when we waged war against Iraq have opposed the war from the begin- irony that we are sending money to in 1991, and it would have made sense ning, and others may now be doubting Iraq to build roads and schools, to con- last year. the value of this military adventure, struct housing and health facilities, I wish the President had taken the but we all agree that the troops who and to spur economic development, time to build a broader international are over there now need the best that when these same needs go unmet in our consensus before we went into Iraq. we can give them to accomplish their own States. That is why I would have The price of going it alone is being paid mission quickly and safely. In that voted to support the Stabenow amend- in many ways. We have damaged our spirit, I supported the Dodd amend- ment to spend $5 billion on veterans’ relations with some of our oldest allies. ment that would have taken $322 mil- health care, school construction, Our attitude in Iraq, coupled with this lion from Iraqi prison building and wit- health care and transportation needs administration’s approach to other ness protection funds on the recon- here in the United States. Addressing international efforts has done real struction side of this bill and would these vital needs would have helped damage to our image in the world. have used those funds to pay for sorely create as many as 95,000 jobs at a time While reasonable people can disagree needed personnel equipment for our when the numbers of unemployed who about whether the treaties, protocols, troops. have given up and stopped looking for and conventions the United States has I wish we could have considered the opted out of over the last few years work at all is climbing. reconstruction funding separately. In this time of economic uncertainty, were good or bad for our national secu- Much of that funding is far less urgent I have joined many of my colleagues in rity, the fact remains that our friends than the military spending in this bill. questioning why we have not been around the world were surprised, and in That is why I supported the Byrd some cases snubbed by our actions. At more responsible in paying for military amendment that would have separated the time we may have thought the cost operations and reconstruction costs in the reconstruction funds from the $67 of leaving them behind was small but Iraq now, instead of burdening future billion in defense funds. If we had ap- the bill has now arrived—and the first generations with the staggering cost of proved that amendment, we surely installment is $87 billion. would have approved the military and this operation. That is why I voted for Even the ‘‘coalition of the willing’’ the Biden amendment that asked the security funds expeditiously and then has come with a price. While the taken the necessary time for the ad- wealthiest 1 percent of this Nation’s United Kingdom has stuck by us admi- taxpayers to give up a small portion of ministration to provide us with more rably, many of the other countries that specificity on the plan for the political their future tax breaks to fully offset the administration points to as cooper- the $87 billion cost of the supplemental and economic reconstruction of Iraq. ating with us in Iraq are being com- Mr. President, we are being asked to before us. And that is why I would have pensated for their efforts. A Wash- approve this $87 billion request for Op- voted for the Dorgan amendment to re- ington Post article this summer point- eration Iraqi Freedom; yet, no one can quire that Iraqi oil revenues be used as ed out that the international division say authoritatively how long this oper- collateral to pay for the reconstruction headed by Poland will face roughly $240 ation will last. We are being asked to in Iraq, an amendment I supported in million in expenses, $200 million of approve $87 billion when we have no in- the Appropriations Committee. Iraq is those will be paid by the United States. formation on the extent to which the not a poor nation it has the second The supplemental before us contains international community will shoulder largest oil reserves in the world—and it some $900 million for Pakistan—to pay some of the burden of stabilizing and is only a matter of time before the oil them to police part of their own bor- reconstructing Iraq. And we are being will begin flowing again. How can we der. asked to approve $87 billion with no worry about burdening the Iraqis with Last year, the Congress and the Na- idea of how much more we will be debt when our own debt looms so large? tion heard all about the advantages of asked to commit in taxpayer dollars I hope that when Congress completes unilateralism. We heard that only and human lives. action on this bill, the Bayh amend- weak countries that could not control I plan to support this supplemental. I ment is a part of the final version and their own destinies had to wait for the do so after having supported amend- we will have found a way to have the approval of the United Nations or the ments to try to improve the recon- Iraqis help pay for the cost of recon- international community. But now we struction package, and I do so because struction. are learning the limits of our own we cannot delay any further the mili- We also need to do much more to strength. We hear stories about how tary spending so crucial to making this gain the support of the international our military is stretched thin and we mission a success. We owe our fighting community in this endeavor. The U.N. are asking more and more of our Re- men and women in the field our full Security Council vote on Thursday was serve Forces. The United States mili- support and we owe the Iraqi people a an important step in that direction but tary strategy was to be ready for two fighting chance to rebuild their nation. the resolution itself glossed over im- nearly simultaneous major military And while it may be true that these portant differences with our allies. conflicts, but now it appears that our debts were amassed through misguided After the vote, representatives from operations in Iraq and Afghanistan are policies of unilateralism, they are Russia, France, and Germany made pushing the military to the limit. I be- debts nonetheless, and they must be clear that they do not plan to lend fur- lieve our Armed Forces are up to the paid. So I will vote for this supple- ther support issuing a joint statement job that lies before them, but we did mental and urge my colleagues to do saying, ‘‘The conditions are not cre- not have to ask this much of them. the same. ated for us to envisage any military Better coordination with our allies ear- I yield the floor. commitment and no further financial lier this year, or even now, could do a Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, it has contributions beyond our present en- lot to ease the burden on our men and been a year since the full Senate de- gagement.’’ women in uniform. bated military action in Iraq, and now

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.120 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12811 the President is asking Congress for $87 We have about 130,000 troops in Iraq, ica’s allies paid 90 percent of the cost billion. according to the Defense Department. of that war. The U.S. paid only $6 bil- It is time to assess where things They are working hard in dire cir- lion. stand, to look at the reality facing our cumstances, and they are facing deadly I am also troubled, both as a citizen troops, and to see if we are on the right attacks every day. There is still no who cares about my country and as a track in Iraq. plan for winning the peace. There is Senator who will cast a vote on this Unfortunately, it is clear to me that still no real international support, ei- bill, that Americans were told a lot of today we are not where we need to be ther in troops or treasure. things about Iraq before the war which in protecting our troops, gaining inter- Anyone who asks a legitimate ques- have turned out to be false. national support, or even having a plan tion or who talks about what is really One repeated assertion was that to win the peace. happening is criticized. And now the Iraq’s vast oil reserves could pay for its As the daughter of a disabled World administration wants $87 billion with- own reconstruction. In fact, the Dep- War II veteran and the representative out accountability. uty Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz for hundreds of thousands of Wash- The way to fix this is for the White said: ington State veterans and military House to ‘‘swallow some pride,’’ face There’s a lot of money to pay for this that families, I will fight for every dollar reality, be accountable, and offer a doesn’t have to be U.S. taxpayer money. our troops need to protect themselves, credible plan. But instead of a plan, the We’re dealing with a country that can really and to complete their mission success- administration is offering a public re- finance its own reconstruction, and rel- fully, and I am deeply troubled that lations campaign. atively soon. the President still does not have a plan Today we have complaints about Just a few months later, it is clear for success in Iraq. media filters and a lively policy debate that the bill to reconstruct Iraq is mas- I have invested a lot of time exam- within the administration, but we still sive, and that bill is being handed to ining the President’s $87 billion re- have no plan. every American family. quest. So as I assess where things stand in As my Republican colleague, Senator I am taking a close look at what is Iraq, I see no real international sup- LINDSEY GRAHAM, said last night: needed and who will foot the bill. It’s very hard for me to go home and ex- I have attended hearings and brief- port; no tolerance for important ques- tions; no consistent policy—even with- plain how you give $20 billion to a country ings where I have questioned adminis- that is sitting on $1 trillion worth of oil. tration officials, from Defense Sec- in the administration; no account- The American people were told that retary Rumsfeld to Ambassador ability as to how money is spent in Iraq’s oil reserves would finance its re- Bremer. And I have heard a great deal Iraq; no plan for success; and a PR construction but now we are getting from the citizens I represent in Wash- campaign to ‘‘paper-over’’ the failures. stuck with the bill and I believe the ington State. With all due respect, that is not a Everywhere I go at home, I am ap- formula that will help bring our troops American people deserve an expla- proached by people who have a family home. nation. We all agree that we must help member who is now serving or a family We have to deal with the situation as Iraq and Afghanistan get back on their member who is going to be called up. it is and figure out how to make it bet- feet quickly, but we should not carry As we speak, 3,500 soldiers with the ter. the burden alone while our own Army’s 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Sound bites and speeches are not schools, hospitals, and communities Team at Fort Lewis are being deployed going to help our troops finish their are in need. to Iraq. About 2,100 Washington reserv- mission and come home. A credible We all understand the importance of ists are serving in Iraq today. About plan, accountability, and international helping the Iraqi people, but it need 300 Washington National Guard are al- support will. We do not need a PR cam- not come at the expense of our needs ready serving in Iraq and another 3,300 paign to make it look like things are here at home. Even though the admin- are on ‘‘ready alert.’’ going well. We need a plan that will ac- istration says that Iraq should be able Like their families, I am very con- tually help our troops succeed, and the to produce $35 billion in oil revenues in cerned about what they—and all of our American people are losing patience. a few years, the American taxpayer is troops—will encounter overseas. That is the context in which we are still getting stuck with the bill. Each day in Iraq, our American sol- having this debate. Let’s remember, there is no guar- diers face vicious attacks from snipers, Now I wish to turn to the specifics of antee that President Bush will not car bombs, roadside explosives, and the President’s $87 billion request. come back to ask U.S. taxpayers to rocket-propelled grenades. These at- Most of it—about $65 billion—would provide even more money for Iraq’s re- tacks are taking a deadly toll. We go to military operations. I absolutely construction. The World Bank says learned this morning that four more support that. Without question, we Iraq’s reconstruction will cost at least soldiers were killed in Iraq. Our hearts must provide our military men and $60 billion. and prayers go out to their families as women with the resources they need to Today our families and communities we continue to support all of the men complete their missions in Iraq, Af- are being asked to do more with less. and women who are still there. ghanistan, and every corner of the Americans everywhere are sacrificing Five months ago, President Bush global war on terrorism. to make up the difference. American stood on an aircraft carrier—under a About one-quarter of the $87 billion families will feel this $20 billion impact sign that read ‘‘Mission Accom- is being proposed to rebuild Iraq. I am in crowded classrooms, delayed trans- plished’’—and told us that major com- concerned with how the burden for portation improvements, and less ac- bat operations had ended. Since that Iraq’s reconstruction is being shared cess to health care. One of the reasons day, however, more than 180 American with the rest of the world. American taxpayers are so upset is be- soldiers have been killed, including The Bush administration is proposing cause we need those kinds of invest- four from Washington State. Their to spend more than $20 billion in Iraq, ments here at home. This administra- families will never be the same. Their while the rest of the international tion’s priorities are wrong. communities will never be the same. community has currently pledged only The people I represent want to see They—and all of our troops—deserve $3 billion—$20 billion from American that level of effort and resources put our thanks and our gratitude. But they taxpayers and $3 billion from the rest back into our own country. After all, deserve much more. of the world. This is far different than we will only be strong abroad if we are They deserve a plan that will help the 1991 gulf war. strong here at home. them complete their mission success- In 1991, the first President Bush put Let’s not forget no matter how much fully and return home safely. So far, together a coalition of countries to lib- we are sacrificing at home, the burden there is no plan. erate Kuwait. The cost of that oper- is always far higher on our soldiers Many of the questions I asked on the ation was $60 billion. Because that overseas. That is why, while they are Senate floor a year ago still have not President had won the support of our fighting for us, we must continue to been answered, but today we must allies and had secured the support of fight for them. We have to make sure focus on the reality on the ground. NATO and the United Nations, Amer- they come back to a country that has

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.122 S17PT1 S12812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 jobs that can support them, health care outraged that it has taken over four years to made the case that the bill before us they can count on, retirement they can get this ceramic body armor to our combat includes spending that is not appro- look forward to, and education and op- troops, and that our troops would even be priate for an emergency supplemental portunity for their children. sent into combat without this necessary appropriations bill. technology. The reason front line troops Before we reach for our wallets don’t have this body armor? Delays in fund- The merits of these disputes aside, again, the American people deserve to ing, production and shipping. Small solace to that is not the subject of my amend- know how this money will help bring family that has their loved one killed in ment. The bill before us includes fund- our troops home as soon as possible. It combat for lack of the proper vest. ing that will help our fighting men and is clear that our concerns and ques- Other stories in the press talk about women who valiantly serve our Nation. tions will not be fully addressed before wounded soldiers being given bills for food For that reason, I, and I expect the we are forced to vote on this legisla- they ate while in the hospital in the U.S. re- vast majority of Senators, will support tion. It is also clear that we cannot af- covering from combat wounds. The Bush Ad- this bill. ministration wants us to focus on the good But as I noted at the outset, our en- ford to fail in Iraq. news coming out of Iraq. We have situations in Iraq and Af- tanglements in Iraq and Afghanistan ghanistan that can go either way. Both It is outrageous that we are sending are not the only challenges that face Iraq and Afghanistan could become ei- our soldiers to Iraq without the equip- our Nation. We also face crises of fiscal ther havens for terrorism or nations ment they need, forcing their parents solvency. And we also face a stagnant that can inch their way toward sta- and grandparents to buy things that economy. This amendment would ad- bility. We have to get it right. We can- our government should be providing. dress these two challenges as well. not allow Iraq or Afghanistan to de- Ian is married and has two children. As would the amendment offered by scend into chaos. His family can’t wait for him to return my colleague from Delaware, Mr. We have tried to make this proposal home, and the burden of protecting Ian BIDEN, my amendment would pay for better through amendments. I voted to should not fall on his family. It is the the spending in the bill before us separate the military funding from the job of our Government. I am voting for today. As was so ably argued by the reconstruction funding. I voted to this amendment so that soldiers like Senator from Delaware, the two Sen- make the entire $20 billion a loan. I Ian won’t have to ask their parents for ators from North Dakota, and others, voted to require a long-term plan for the equipment they need to protect our Nation faces a fiscal crisis. Even the reconstruction. Unfortunately, themselves. for something as important as this bill, those amendments failed, but I am Even as I support this funding, I want we must now seek to pay for what we very pleased that last night, the Sen- to be very clear that this is not over. I do. ate took a positive step to improve the am going to watch this administration The Government’s two most-authori- proposal. very closely. I am going to watch how tative estimators of our fiscal condi- The Senate passed an amendment they spend this money; how account- tion, the President’s Office of Manage- that will ensure the burden of debt is able they are; how our soldiers fare; ment and Budget and the Congres- shared and will give the Iraqi people a and how much international support sional Budget Office, are agreed: The greater stake in their own reconstruc- we get. year just ended set an all-time record tion. The progress last night is a dra- We will hold this administration’s for budget deficits. matic improvement over the Presi- feet to the fire. I will continue to be an In its October Monthly Budget Re- dent’s proposal and is a good reason to aggressive advocate for moving us in view, CBO stated: ‘‘The federal govern- support the modified funding request. the right direction because there is too ment incurred a total budget deficit of At the end of the day, we cannot af- much at stake to just trust that the about $374 billion for fiscal year 2003, ford to fail in Iraq. The reality is that President has learned from his failures CBO estimates, more than twice the we have got 130,000 troops over there. so far. deficit recorded in 2002.’’ We cannot fail to give them what they America is a strong nation, and And OMB and CBO also agree that need to protect themselves and com- Americans are a determined people. In the deficit for the year just started, fis- plete their mission. Reluctantly, I will our Nation’s history, we have con- cal year 2004, will again set a record. vote for this $87 billion request because fronted adversity. We have dealt with This summer, OMB projected this we cannot deny our troops the re- the challenges that have threatened year’s deficit at $475 billion. CBO pro- sources they need even as we demand our democracy. In each case, we had a jected it at $480 billion. Either way, it that the administration offer a real clear vision and a plan to get there. will once more be the largest ever. plan. There were bumps in the road, but at And these summer projections did To illustrate just how badly our the times of our greatest need, Amer- not include all of the new funding that troops need resources and equipment, I ica has come together with resolve and we are debating today for the military want to read an email I received on determination. Today is no different. occupation and reconstruction of Iraq. Wednesday from David Willet of Bel- The American people are ready, and The bill before us today would provide lingham, WA, about his son Ian we are waiting for the President to face $87 billion in additional funding, be- Willett. reality in Iraq and to give us a credible yond the $79 billion already approved David writes: plan to win the war and win the peace. in this spring’s supplemental appro- My son, Specialist Ian Willet, a 2001 grad- Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. President, I wish priations bill. Of this new funding, the uate of Sehome High School, was deployed to to address my amendment No. 1831 to administration says $50 to $60 billion Iraq on September 5th, his 21st birthday. the Iraq supplemental appropriations will spend out in fiscal year 2004. This Prior to him leaving he came to me to re- bill. would raise OMB’s projection for next quest money in order to help him buy com- Mr. President, today, our Nation year’s deficit to $525 to $535 billion. bat gear he would need to take with him to faces three simultaneous challenges. This number would be in line with Iraq. This is gear the Army either would not This amendment would address each. private forecasts. For example, the in- issue him or was as old and outdated as to be First, we need to support our troops virtually useless. I, of course, bought the vestment firm of Goldman Sachs gear that he requested. and protect our national security. Sec- projects a $525 billion deficit next year. After talking with other men who have ond, we must not worsen our fiscal cri- Now some say that we should ignore come home or are on their way to combat, I sis. And third, we must work to restore that these are record deficits because have become quite angry that our govern- our ailing economy. the numbers are smaller when com- ment has placed our sons and daughters in We are considering today a bill that, pared to the size of the economy. But combat without the best equipment in the among other things, provides resources these deficits are large even as a per- world. As an example, Ian spent $50.00 his to support our troops. cent of the GDP. grandfather gave him for his 21st birthday on Now many of my colleagues have A deficit of $535 billion this year knee pads. The Army-issue knee pads fall down around your ankles when you run with made the case, and made it well, that would equal 4.7 percent of the GDP. them on. our government could well have avoid- This would be the same percent of the Now I read a quarter of the combat troops ed the quagmire that has become Iraq. economy as was the record $290 billion in Iraq don’t have the right body armor. I am And others of my colleagues have also deficit in 1992. It is close on the heels of

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.123 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12813 the 4.8 percent to 5.1 percent deficits of But that is not all. If the Govern- to wealthy individuals in order to pay the mid 1980s. And it is not far from the ment stays on its current fiscal course for this $87 billion. all-time record 6.0 percent of fiscal and runs persistent and increasing It would allow all of the funding in year 1983. budget deficits, it will increase its bor- the underlying bill to go forward. It And if one excludes Social Security rowing requirements. It will increase would thus support our troops. surpluses from the calculation, as re- the Government’s demand for money. It would pay for the spending in the quired by law, this year’s deficit would It will thus raise interest rates for bill. It would thus keep us from wors- be almost $700 billion. Not only would mortgages, car loans, and student ening our Nation’s deficit crisis. this set an all-time record in dollar loans. It will thus lower economic And it would pay for the spending in terms, it would also set an all-time growth. And it will thus lower the this bill without altering the 2001 tax record as a share of the economy. standard of living for millions of Amer- cuts. It would preserve the economi- Over the years to come, both OMB icans. cally beneficial effects of that tax cut and CBO continue to project unaccept- Our Nation’s high national debt and in place. It would thus help our ailing ably large deficits. OMB projects defi- high deficits at the end of the next 10 economy. cits larger than $200 billion for as far as years will leave our Nation in a vulner- I shall not press my amendment to a it projects—the next 5 years. able fiscal condition at exactly the vote on this bill. The votes on this bill And CBO’s August report indicates wrong time, as the baby boom genera- are now clear. But I urge my colleagues that if one simply extends expiring tax tion starts to retire. to consider the policies that I am seek- provisions other than the bonus depre- We know to a near certainty the ing to advance with this amendment. ciation provision, reforms the alter- number of people who will reach the Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, just this native minimum tax, and spends the age of 65 in 2013. Unlike the likely re- past April, I voted for the emergency expected $400 billion on a Medicare pre- sults of particular economic policies, supplemental appropriations bill au- scription drug benefit, then the Gov- reasonable people cannot and do not thorizing $70 billion for our military ernment will still end the next 10 years disagree significantly over how many operations in Iraq. I felt that funding running a deficit of more than $400 bil- people were born in 1948—and thus over was necessary at the time. But I ex- lion a year. how many will be eligible for Social pected that the administration would In other words, if the Government Security and Medicare in 2013. We move us toward a multilateral ap- simply stays on its current fiscal know that we have a substantial budg- proach, one that would take the burden course, CBO projects that the Govern- etary challenge ahead of us, finding the off our troops and our taxpayers. ment will still be running unacceptably money to pay for the retirement needs Now the President is asking for $87 large deficits in 2013. of the baby boom generation. billion more for Iraq. Under this realistic, indeed, conserv- If we head into the next decade with While war inevitably carries great high deficits, the Government will have ative, scenario, over the next 10 years, costs, both in terms of financial losses no room to accommodate those retire- the Government will run deficits total- and losses in human life, the American ment needs. The current policy will ing nearly $4 trillion. And 10 years people and the families of our troops thus leave the Government with fewer from now, the amount of Federal Gov- should not be alone in shouldering choices to respond to the growing enti- ernment debt held by the public will al- those costs and burdens. tlement costs of the decades to come. most double, to nearly $8 trillion. We cannot afford to continue down The current policy will thus leave us Again, private forecasters back up this path without legitimate burden- with the grim choice of raising taxes, these scenarios. If anything, their pro- sharing. Our troops are overstretched, cutting long-promised and much-need- jections are more pessimistic. The in- our financial obligations are becoming ed benefits, or dramatically cutting de- vestment firm of Goldman Sachs is more taxing by the day, needs at home fense, education, and other core Gov- projecting a $5.5 trillion 10-year deficit. are going unmet, and the Federal def- ernment services. Using the CBO projections adjusted So the first thing we need to do is to icit is absolutely soaring. as I have discussed, from 2001 to 2013, stop making things worse. We need to In Congress we have a responsibility the Government will have piled up $4.6 bring back the rule of paying as we go. to our constituents to debate and de- trillion in debt held by the public, or And that is what this amendment cide upon the path that is best for our roughly $15,000 in debt for every man, would do. It would suspend some of the country. We should not rubberstamp woman, and child in America. Every tax cuts that Congress enacted earlier every proposal the administration puts American child born in 2013 will come this year. forward, particularly when lives are into this world owing $15,000 more in But my amendment would not do one being lost. taxes because of the economic deci- thing that the amendment offered by The American people are not satis- sions that the Government is making my colleague from Delaware would fied with the direction of this country. right now. have done. My amendment would not But all that the administration has of- That $4.6 trillion in new debt will alter any of the tax cuts that Congress fered so far is the status quo, another come in addition to the $3.3 trillion in enacted in 2001. It would only affect tax blank check for Congress to sign that debt that we already owed in 2001. So cuts enacted earlier this year. offers no plan to genuinely decrease that new baby born in 2013 will have a My amendment makes this distinc- the strain on American resources. total debt burden of roughly $26,000 tion because I—and many of my col- That is why I supported an alter- hanging over his or her head. leagues—supported the 2001 tax cuts. native proposed by Senator BYRD. The And more and more of the Govern- We believed then and still believe that Byrd amendment put the needs of our ment’s debt is being held by foreigners, the tax law changes enacted in 2001 troops first by authorizing 100 percent like China. With this greater debt, we were important to our economy. And of the funding requested for military are transferring to overseas powers a these tax cuts are still important to operations, and requiring the adminis- greater ability to affect our economy. our Nation’s economic growth. And so tration to gain commitments of fund- And that level of debt means that by my amendment would not change ing and manpower from other nations 2013, the Government will be spending them. Not at all. to ease our Nation’s incredible burden. roughly $400 billion on interest on the Instead, it would postpone some of It also would have carefully reviewed debt alone. Before the Government can the tax cuts enacted earlier this year. the Iraq reconstruction process. choose to spend anything in 2013 on When these tax cuts were debated, we I also supported several worthy fighting terrorism or education or na- were at war with Iraq. I believe—and amendments that, if passed, would tional defense, it will have to spend continue to believe—that it is irrespon- have greatly improved this bill: $400 billion—that’s about 111⁄2 percent sible to enact tax cuts during a time of The Biden amendment to pay for the of the total budget—that is nearly 21⁄2 war. The very fact that we are here de- cost by reducing the Bush tax cuts for percent of the entire country’s eco- bating an additional $87 billion for Iraq the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans; nomic output—just to pay the interest proves that. The Dorgan amendment to pay for on the debt that the Government will This amendment would postpone the reconstruction of Iraq with Iraqi have accumulated by then. some of the tax cuts that are targeted oil revenues;

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.124 S17PT1 S12814 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 The Dodd amendment to shift $322 troops on the ground, who were called during the debate on the supplemental million in funding for new Iraqi prisons to serve and now find themselves in bill—the debate about grants versus to protective gear for our troops; harm’s way, confronting suicide bomb- loans. This week I was unable to sup- The Stabenow amendment to provide ings and guerilla warfare tactics. This port the amendment offered by Senator $5 billion in funding for important bill contains resources that they need, DORGAN to the supplemental bill before American domestic priorities such as and I will cast my vote to get them the Senate. I do not believe that it is in veterans health care, education, com- those resources. our national interest to have U.S. au- munity health centers, and transpor- I also recognize that stability and re- thorities making decisions about how tation. This amendment was paid for construction in Iraq are in our national to use future Iraqi oil revenues. On this by delaying $5 billion of Iraq’s recon- interest. For years now, I have urged point, the President is right. To do so struction money to 2005. my colleagues to recognize the dangers would play into the hands of those who Compared to this $87 billion that will inherent in weak and failing states would promote the ugliest, most dis- be spent abroad, we are spending annu- around the world. I have studied the torted images of American motives ally, $23.9 billion on veterans health appeal that such states hold to crimi- abroad, conjuring images of impe- care, $23.4 billion on higher education, nal opportunists, including terrorists. rialism and corruption, and under- and $31.8 billion in total highway And I know that a weak or failing Iraq mining one of our greatest sources of spending. Our domestic priorities are would present a threat to this country. strength internationally—the compel- going unmet. To abruptly pull the plug on recon- ling power of our principles and ideals. I am pleased that my amendment to struction, to leave Iraq to the disorder But while the President is right reimburse wounded soldiers for hos- that filled the vacuum left by the fall about that point, he is wrong to place pital meals was successful, as well as of the Saddam Hussein regime, would this heavy burden almost entirely on my amendment to call attention to the make us less safe, less secure. the shoulders of American taxpayers. I need to protect commercial aircraft So I will not vote against the final am by no means enthusiastic about fi- from shoulder-fired missiles. passage of this very problematic bill. nancing Iraqi reconstruction with huge But basically, we are left with one But I want to be very clear about two grants. Iraq’s reconstruction needs huge $87 billion check which will be points. My vote does not suggest that I should be met, to the extent possible, used to continue a policy that has led am resigned to accepting the adminis- by Iraqis themselves. But the decisions to 194 American postwar deaths and 903 tration’s policy. I am not, and I will about the use of Iraqi oil should be Americans wounded in action to date. continue to urge them to change it. Iraqi choices, not decisions made by Administration officials, including That is my responsibility as a Member American occupation authorities. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld of this body, and I will not abandon it. That is why I was pleased to support and Deputy Defense Secretary Paul My vote also does not mean that I the amendment offered by Senators Wolfowitz, repeatedly, and perhaps will support future funding for the Iraq BAYH and NELSON, which converted a even deliberately, downplayed the cost mission if the administration fails to portion of the grants to loans, and of reconstructing Iraq. They claimed put that mission on a sounder footing. leverages this approach to encourage that we would pay for this war with Over 330 U.S. troops have lost their international debt forgiveness. This Iraqi oil revenues and with support lives in Iraq—and over 190 of those amendment did not involve any U.S. from the other nations. They told us deaths occurred after the President de- decisions about Iraq’s future oil reve- this would be easy. clared an end to major military oper- nues, rightly leaving those decisions to No one is suggesting that we abandon ations. Many more have been seriously our efforts in Iraq. The Byrd alter- the Iraqi people. injured. Once again, I urge the administration native responsibly addressed the situa- The administration has tried to to take concrete steps to build mean- tion in Iraq by proposing a road map argue that Iraq is the central battle- ingful international support and ensure for success. It would have put an end to field in the war on terror. I strongly real burden-sharing in the inter- this blank check policy and established disagree with that point of view. Iraq is a realistic and responsible plan for the at best a distraction from that war, national community. I was pleased to future. which should be our country’s main support the amendment offered by Sen- My decision to vote no on the $87 bil- focus. At worst, our invasion and occu- ators BYRD and KENNEDY, which called lion request and for the Byrd amend- pation of Iraq may well turn out to be on the administration to present a con- ment is a stand against the status quo a major setback in our efforts to com- crete and detailed plan for working and for a change in this administra- bat terror. The extremely well-re- with the rest of the world to bring sta- tion’s go-it-alone, pay-it-alone strat- spected International Institute for bility to Iraq. I am disappointed that egy. Strategic Studies recently released a the amendment was defeated. The best Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I do report indicating that ‘‘war in Iraq has way to avoid making unfair demands not support the administration’s policy probably inflamed radical passions on the Iraqi and American peoples is to in Iraq. After listening to the adminis- among Muslims and thus increased al- give our allies a meaningful role in the tration’s hard sell, after hearing a se- Qaida’s recruiting power and morale country and ask that they in turn con- ries of ever-shifting justifications for and, at least marginally, its operating tribute to reconstructing the country. our policy, after discovering that some capability.’’ I am pleased that three amendments of these justifications were of ex- I remember what the Vietnam war I offered to this bill were adopted. tremely dubious credibility, after con- did to this country. I remember when First, I offered an amendment to estab- fronting the administration’s reluc- good people convinced themselves that lish an inspector general for the Coali- tance to straightforwardly acknowl- they had to keep accepting terrible tion Provisional Authority, so that edge the costs and commitments en- losses because of sunk costs, I remem- there will be one auditing body com- tailed in the occupation of a major ber those desperate and destructive ef- pletely focused on ensuring that tax- Middle Eastern country, after watching forts to salvage the credibility of long- payer dollars are spent wisely and effi- the administration alienate potential since discredited policy. Iraq is not ciently, and that this effort is free of allies who could help us share this bur- Vietnam, but the lessons of history waste, fraud, and abuse. I am troubled den—after all of this, I do not support must not be forgotten. Without a bet- by some of the seemingly inexplicable the notion that American taxpayers ter plan, without burden sharing, with- requests and figures contained in the should be saddled with astronomical out a clear strategic vision that re- administration’s funding request—the burdens and tremendous debt to sup- focuses on this country’s first foreign $6,000 phones, the state-of-the-art post- port this misguided approach. policy priority—he fight against the al system, the new monuments, all of I wish our policy had been different. terrorists who attacked this country them in an ‘‘emergency’’ request. At But I must deal with the reality before on September 11, 2001, and their allies— the very least, we should take concrete us today. The stakes are too high to do without these changes, withdrawing steps to ensure that vigorous oversight anything else. from Iraq will be the right thing to do. and auditing mechanisms are in place I cannot oppose this bill. I cannot I would like to comment on one of to protect each and every taxpayer dol- pull the rug out from under our brave the most contentious issues that arose lar.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:39 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.157 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12815 I also offered an amendment to help this bill does not mean that Congress building Iraq. We need more troops, but alleviate some of the difficulties faced can set aside the issue of Iraq. In fact, not more American troops. We need by families of military personnel de- voting on this bill should make it pain- more money, but not just American ployed or preparing to deploy for a con- fully clear to all of us—we have a great money. Last year, when we debated the tingency operation. My amendment al- deal of work to do to get our policy on war, I voted to go to the United Na- lows a spouse, son, daughter, or parent a firm footing and we cannot afford to tions, to have international legitimacy who already qualifies for benefits under wait any longer. and international burden-sharing. If the Family and Medical Leave Act to Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, 1 year the stability of Iraq is in the world’s use their benefits for issues arising ago, America was on the brink of war. interest, then the world should help from one additional set of cir- One year ago, Congress debated wheth- pay for the reconstruction. That is why cumstances—the deployment of a fam- er America should go it alone to con- I voted 12 times for amendments to ily member. Our military families—be front Saddam Hussein or get inter- promote greater burden sharing. they active duty, Guard, or Reserve— national support to bring the world Wherever possible, American aid are coping with tremendous strains and with us. Now we are finishing work on should be loans, not give-aways. Iraq a great deal of unpredictability. Long- the President’s request for $87 billion has the world’s second-largest oil re- standing childcare arrangements can for Iraq. Again we have debated wheth- serves. Iraqi oilfields are already pro- be suddenly upended; in a matter of er we go it alone or find a way to share ducing close to 2 million barrels a day. days, legal powers may need to br the burden and the cost of war. That means billions of dollars a year in transferred to allow a spouse to main- Today, I will vote in favor of the sup- oil revenue. According to Ambassador tain control of the home while his or plemental bill for Iraq and Afghanistan Bremer, by 2005 Iraq will produce her partner deploys. This amendment because I will not fail in my commit- enough oil to take care of its basic has been endorsed by the Military Offi- ment to support our troops and because needs and have additional funds. cers Association of America, the En- the Senate voted to provide loans and Congress already provided $75 billion listed Association of the National not just giveaways. for Iraq last April. It also included $2.5 Guard of the United States, and the Through this debate, I fought for five billion for Iraq relief and reconstruc- National Partnership for Women and principles I continue to believe are tion. That was grant aid. Now the Families. I am delighted that it was critical for the Iraq supplemental: President wants to give Iraq another adopted, and I hope it brings some First, we need to support for our $20 billion. A better solution would measure of relief to the families who troops. The men and women putting have been to loan Iraq the money and are sacrificing so much. their lives at risk to serve our country have it repaid from Iraq’s oil. I was also pleased that two other deserve our support. The facts are simple: There is a loan. amendments to help our Guard and Re- Second, we need international burden $87 billion is added to our national serve were adopted. One was an amend- sharing. If the stability of Iraq is in the debt. The question is whether the American taxpayer must pay it back or ment offered by Senator BILL NELSON world’s interest, then the world should to provide $10 million for the Family help pay for the reconstruction. whether the Iraqi people will pay some Readiness Program of the National Third, we need to give Iraq loans, not of it back with their oil. That is why I cosponsored amend- Guard. This program provides needed giveaways. Iraq has the world’s second- ments to provide loans rather than support services and assistance for largest oil reserves and is capable of grants. I am so glad the Senate voted Guard families prior to, during, and pumping out millions of barrels a day. to make $10 billion of the aid loans. after deployment. And I was pleased to This oil revenue should help with the These loans would only be forgiven if vote for an amendment offered by Sen- reconstruction. the rest of the world forgives its loans ator DURBIN, which also passed, that Fourth, we need accountability and to Iraq. would ensure that Federal employees responsibility with the money we pro- We need to safeguard our troops and who take leave without pay in order to vide. We need to stop waste, cronyism safeguard our money. We need respon- serve do not see a reduction in their contracting and profiteering. sibility and accountability to stop pay. Fifth, we need for a plan to end the waste, cronyism contracting and prof- In addition, I thank the managers for occupation of Iraq. There was a plan iteering. We need to use American tax- accepting a very modest amendment for war. Now we need a plan for peace. payer dollars to invest in America. that I offered calling for the Coalition I have used my voice and my vote in That is why I supported an amendment Provisional Authority to regularly the Senate to stand up for these prin- to require full and open competition post up-to-date information in both ciples as we considered the supple- for contracts in Iraq. That is why I English and Arabic on its Web site mental bill. voted for an amendment to end cro- about oil revenues, seized and frozen America’s Armed Forces are made up nyism contracting by preventing these assets, and how these resources are of ordinary men and women that are funds from going to a company in spent. Recently the Advisory Group on called upon to do extraordinary, dif- which the President or Vice President Public Diplomacy for the Arab and ficult and dangerous things. Last year, or a cabinet member has a financial in- Muslim World reported on how much when we debated whether to send our terest. needs to be done to address the inad- troops to Iraq, I asked whether they The administration must lay out a equacies of our current public diplo- would be met with flowers or with land plan to end the occupation of Iraq. macy efforts. Making a good-faith ef- mines. Now we know. Our troops are at There was a plan for war. Now we need fort to be transparent when it comes to risk and they need our help. Our troops a plan for peace. The American people what is happening to Iraqi resources is need equipment and gear, like modern deserve full disclosure and a real as- just basic good sense, and that means body armor and replacement vehicles sessment of where we are going and making an effort to communicate in to help them complete their missions how long we will be there. We must not Arabic. as safely as possible. Military families let Iraq turn into a quagmire. We can- I believe that the amendments I have need financial support to make ends not just send more money and more discussed are small steps in the right meet. troops with no end in sight. The Presi- direction, but I remain deeply con- The men and women putting their dent needs to present a clear exit strat- cerned about where the administra- lives at risk to serve our country de- egy. That is why I voted for an amend- tion’s policy is leading us overall. I serve our support not just with words ment to require a comprehensive plan hear the concerns of my constituents but with deeds. That Is why I voted for for Iraqi reconstruction to include every day—constituents who wonder amendments to increase combat pay, goals and timelines. when their loved ones in the military to end the practice of charging wound- I worked to fulfill my principles on will come home, constituents con- ed soldiers for hospital meals, and to this bill: to support our troops. Inter- cerned about the massive deficit, con- improve veterans health care. national burden sharing; loans, not stituents who feel betrayed by the I believe we need international bur- giveaways; accountability; and the mixed messages and shifting justifica- den sharing to share the risks and need for a plan to end the occupation of tions of the administration. Voting on share the costs of occupying and re- Iraq.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.158 S17PT1 S12816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Marylanders are patriotic people, the attackers are going for high profile the challenge of rebuilding Iraq an ef- willing to do what’s necessary to de- targets associated with us or our allies. fective way, not the Bush administra- fend our country and help other people But the administration played down or, tion’s failed way. We need a detailed when we can. But they have children to worse yet, ignored the likelihood of plan, including fixed timetables and educate, parents to support, houses to this kind of resistance when planning costs, for establishing civil, economic buy and retirements to fund. It is not for the postwar period. and political security in Iraq. fair to ask them to pay for the rebuild- It low-balled the number of forces We need to internationalize both the ing of Iraq just because this adminis- that would be needed to seize the al- military and civilian sides of the occu- tration made critical mistakes in for- leged WMD sites for which we fought pation and build a coalition that will eign policy. the war, to protect the infrastructure provide tangible assistance in terms of I am going to vote for this bill be- needed for reconstruction, or to con- boots on the ground and money in the cause I will fulfill my commitment to tain civil unrest. It failed to put to- coffers for Iraqi reconstruction. Only in America’s men and women in uniform, gether a meaningful military coalition this way will we reduce the risk to who are risking their lives for the to help us meet these needs. American service members and allevi- American people in Iraq and Afghani- The administration underestimated ate some of the financial burden on the stan. the magnitude of the reconstruction American taxpayer for reconstruction. I will continue to press for an exit task and, as we now know, misrepre- We have to give the United Nations a strategy to bring our troops home. I sented the ease with which oil would clearly defined, central role in the re- will continue to fight for greater ac- flow for rebuilding. It refused to tell construction of Iraq and in the process countability. I will continue to demand the American people up front the long- of establishing a new Iraqi Govern- that President Bush bring in other na- term costs of winning the peace. And it ment, and we must provide the nec- tions to share the burden, to share the refused, until recently, to ask the essary security so that U.N. personnel risks by sending troops to Iraq and to international community to join us in will go back to Iraq. The United Na- share the costs by contributing to this very difficult endeavor. tions is not perfect, but it has far more Iraq’s reconstruction. This administration’s brazen go-it- experience and capacity in these areas Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I have alone policy has placed our soldiers at than the Pentagon and the Coalition said many times, and I will say it unnecessary risk and our hopes for suc- Provisional Authority. The process of again, it is critical that we succeed in cess in jeopardy. It has turned Amer- reconstructing Iraq and its political Iraq. But it is equally important that ican liberators into occupiers in the system must be an international proc- we do the job the right way—the way eyes of many Iraqis. It has created a ess—not an American process. Only that best protects our troops on the terrorist presence in Iraq where none then will it have legitimacy in the eyes ground, enhances our security, and previously existed and made Iraq a re- of the Iraqi people and the world. shields the American taxpayer from cruiting poster for terrorists of the fu- We have to involve Iraqis more in the undue burden. President Bush’s ap- ture. It has undermined the legitimacy process of rebuilding their country and proach fails this test. of our efforts at home, abroad, and in assure them through concrete steps I support our troops in Iraq—and Iraq. And it has left Iraqis wondering that political power and responsibility their mission. I believe we must do our when they will get their country back. will be transferred to them as quickly part to reconstruct Iraq and make it a We cannot continue on this course. The as possible. force for peace and stability in the re- stakes are too high—for our troops, for gion. I am prepared to spend whatever the Iraqi people, for the region, and for The administration, albeit belatedly, it takes to win the peace. But I want to American security. has recognized that we need help in spend that money responsibly and ef- A year ago when we were debating Iraq. The resolution adopted this week fectively—pursuant to a strategy that the use of force resolution for Iraq, I by the U.N. Security Council is a step will maximize our prospects for success said: ‘‘If we do go to war with Iraq, we in the right direction. It will provide through greater internationalization have an obligation to the Iraqi people, greater international legitimacy to our and burden sharing and provide the and to other nations in the region, to efforts in Iraq. It does require that the transparency and accountability that help create an Iraq that is a force for Iraqi Governing Council lay out by De- American taxpayers expect and deserve stability and openness in the region.’’ cember 15 of this year a timetable and when we spend their hard-earned That obligation is upon us. We are now program for the drafting of a constitu- money. I want to be sure that the fi- committed—as a result of our military tion and national elections, but this nancial costs are distributed, in the victory and postwar occupation to resolution does not fundamentally spirit of shared sacrifice, among those building a democratic Iraq that is rea- change the lines of authority and re- Americans who can best afford to pay. sonably secure and economically via- sponsibility for the reconstruction and Unfortunately, the President and his ble. Our credibility and our interests governance of Iraq. It is really more advisers disagree. demand that we succeed. show than substance. Whether it will I cannot vote for the President’s $87 Successful reconstruction of Iraq is gain meaningful international support billion request because his is not the critical to peace and stability in the for our efforts in Iraq remains to be most effective way to protect Amer- Mideast and to the security of Israel, seen but the prospects do not look ican soldiers and to advance our inter- our closest ally in that volatile region. good. Already three of our allies who ests. Simple common sense tells us We cannot allow Iraq to become a voted for it—Russia, France and Ger- that we need more countries sharing failed state or let the Ba’athists return many—have indicated that they will the burden and more troops on the to turn their wrath once again on inno- not provide troops or funds to support ground providing security. We need a cent Iraqis. We must not allow Iraq to our efforts. And Pakistan, which had fairer way to pay the bill. be fragmented into mini-states, war- been expected to provide troops once a I had hoped that the Administration ring with one another and further de- resolution was passed, has now de- would prepare for building the peace in stabilizing the region. Nor can Iraq be clined. If he is serious about generating Iraq as well as it prepared for fighting dominated by Iran or any other state funds and troops for the operation in the war. But that was not the case. in the region. Success in Iraq is also Iraq, President Bush must see this res- Over eager to rush to war, the admin- crucial to our war on terrorism. The olution as the beginning of a process of istration failed to plan adequately or terrorist violence which has emerged in diplomacy—not the end. effectively for the peace. American the wake of our military victory in The President is asking us to give forces are being targeted daily by rem- Iraq poses a major challenge, but it is him $87 billion for Iraq. As we decide nants of Saddam Hussein’s Ba’athist one we must meet. Iraq cannot become whether or not to vote for this pack- regime, newly arrived terrorists hoping a terrorist sanctuary like Afghanistan, age, there are some fundamental ques- to capitalize on anti-American senti- either as a platform for al-Qaida or tions each of us should be asking. ment, or a combination of both. The Israeli-directed violence. First, what is it for? Much of it some attacks are becoming more lethal and It is imperative that we succeed in $66 billion is for our troops on the more sophisticated, and increasingly Iraq, but to do so, we have to tackle ground. Another $20 billion is supposed

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.159 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12817 to be for reconstruction of basic serv- stead of rushing to complete this bill, the Congress or the American people. ices, such as water, sewer, and elec- the administration should be doing It has misrepresented intelligence on tricity, and for training Iraqi security more of the hard work of diplomacy to the threat posed by Iraq. It has dodged forces. It also includes $82 million to generate contributions from other the issue of how much the war and protect Iraq’s 36 miles of coast line, countries and to generate a more accu- Iraq’s reconstruction will cost. And it new prisons at a cost of $50,000 per bed, rate assessment of what Iraq’s real has refused to provide Congress with a a witness protection program at a cost needs are over the next year. detailed plan for post-war political and of $1 million per family, nearly $3 mil- Finally, it is incumbent upon us to economic reconstruction. lion for pickup trucks at a cost of ask what needs at home are under- Now the President is back before the $33,000 each, $2 million for museums funded? The answer is: plenty, includ- Congress, asking for what I believe and memorials, and a whopping $9 mil- ing health care, education and home- amounts to another blank check. Our lion for a state-of-the-art postal serv- land security. economy is in dire straits. Our schools ice. I could go on, but the point is obvi- The President must be held account- are woefully underfunded. Millions of ous: This supplemental is padded with able and he must change course. While Americans are seeking work, and many requests that go far beyond Iraq’s he may still salvage success in Iraq, have given up trying. The number of emergency needs. the question we must ask is: at what people without health insurance is Second, who reaps the benefit of this cost—in terms of dollars and lives? We soaring. This Nation’s budget deficit is $20 billion for reconstruction? On one should do this the right way. We can spiraling out of control, in no small level, of course, it is the Iraqi people. win the peace in Iraq but we cannot— part because of huge tax cuts for the But let’s not fool ourselves. Halli- and should not—do it alone. Our troops wealthiest Americans pushed through burton and other select American com- on the ground deserve a strategy that by this administration. Nevertheless, panies with close, high-level connec- will take the target off their backs and while the President seeks to reduce tions to the Bush administration are bring them home more quickly. The funding for pressing needs at home, he getting the lion’s share of the con- American people deserve a strategy urges the Congress to quickly pass his tracts funded by this money. No one that decreases the bill, pays our costs $87 billion request for Iraq and Afghan- can object to giving contracts to Amer- fairly, and makes America safer. We istan. ican firms, but those contracts ought must have a new approach, one that Just like a year ago, we are pre- to be offered on a competitive, open bid maximizes international cooperation sented with incomplete plans for how basis. And at a minimum, these firms and burden sharing and minimizes the the money will be spent. We have not should be required to seek subcontrac- risk of failure. If the President adopts been provided with detailed informa- tors from outside of the United States that new approach, I will gladly sup- tion on steps the administration is tak- including Iraqi companies where fea- port any proposal that funds it. ing to involve the international com- sible. Opening and internationalizing Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, it is munity in the reconstruction effort. the contracting process would provide with great frustration that I come here Moreover, we are treated to blank much-needed transparency and give today to address the President’s re- stares when we seek concrete answers others in the international community quest for an additional $87 billion to on how much more this occupation and a stake in the success of the recon- pay for the war in Iraq and to confront reconstruction will cost and how long struction process. the aftermath of this conflict. our men and women will be stationed Third, what is the plan for spending One year ago, I addressed this body, on the ground in Iraq. the $20 billion? We don’t really know arguing against the notion that Iraq Ambassador Bremer testified re- because the administration has only posed an imminent threat to the cently concerning the administration’s given us a set of goals and vague time- United States. I feared that the admin- plan for rebuilding Iraq. This plan is tables—not a detailed plan. The Presi- istration’s single-minded obsession striking in its failure to address the dent wants us to give him $87 billion on with Iraq would cost American lives, most critical issues. It is silent on the faith. His administration has failed poison our relations around the world, size of the U.S. troop commitment, a miserably in anticipating the risks to divert resources from the real war on timetable for the return of U.S. troops, our troops, planning for the peace, and terror, and deal a crippling blow to the financial or troop contributions we building international support for our critical domestic needs. I pleaded with might expect from other nations, and effort. Why should we trust him now? the administration to work with the the short-term and long-term costs as- Fourth, how does President Bush in- international community to address sociated with the U.S. invasion of Iraq. tend to pay for rebuilding Iraq? He the Iraqi problem in a cooperative Beyond that, the plan makes assump- wants to saddle future generations of manner. I urged my colleagues not to tions that are so unduly optimistic American taxpayers with the bill by grant the President a blank check to that they call into question the credi- adding to the Federal deficit. This is launch a reckless, unilateral, preemp- bility of other key elements of the fundamentally unfair. There is a better tive attack against Iraq. plan. For example, the plan assumes way—the one Senator BIDEN and I of- Those words fell on deaf ears. The that U.S. forces will defeat internal fered when we proposed that the tax President got his blank check, and we armed threats and deter external ag- cuts for the wealthiest Americans be now have to deal with the con- gression and subversion by the end of repealed. At a time when men and sequences. While the military cam- October. That is 2 weeks from now. women in uniform are sacrificing for paign in Iraq was predictably swift and Anyone who reads a newspaper or our interests in Iraq, it is only fair to effective, the aftermath is a mess. It is watches TV would have difficulty be- ask those Americans who can afford it now obvious that there was a shameful lieving this will happen. This plan to do their fair share, but President lack of planning for anything beyond seems based upon the notion that Bush’s refusal to accept this approach the initial war, leaving us in a much merely opening the spigot of taxpayer betrays the spirit of shared sacrifice worse position than predicted. Our dollars will ultimately overcome what- that has made our nation great. military is suffering daily losses. The ever shortcomings may exist in our Fifth, what is the urgency for rush- Iraqi population is increasingly restive policies toward Iraq. ing forward with such a large proposal and hostile. Terrorists are flowing into We have it in our power to do some- now? There isn’t one. Ambassador the region, eager to take a shot at thing about this situation. This Senate Bremer, the head of the Coalition Pro- American forces and undermine our re- must demand answers to these critical visional Authority, has told us that his construction efforts. Longtime allies questions. It has learned the hard way funds for reconstruction will last until are so put off by the administration’s the consequences of granting this ad- the end of the year. Whether or not arrogant approach to this war that ministration a blank check in Iraq. Iraq can absorb $20 billion over the they are reluctant to lend a hand when Enough is enough. Additional funding next year is another question. The we, and the people of Iraq, so clearly for Iraq should be withheld until the World Bank recently estimated that need the assistance. administration develops and presents a Iraq could absorb only $5.2 billion in re- Through it all, the administration comprehensive, credible plan that de- construction funds for next year. In- has refused to give straight answers to tails how the money will be spent, how

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:34 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.160 S17PT1 S12818 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 the administration plans to broaden moting peace, stability, and respect for Meanwhile, because of the worsening the international involvement in re- the rights of each and every human security situation, the U.N. has been constructing Iraq, how much more this being on the face of this Earth. They forced to withdraw nearly all of the 600 operation will cost, and when our mili- worked closely with allies to meet employees it had in Iraq just a couple tary men and women will come home common threats and they supported months ago. There must be a turn- to their families. We owe at least that the United Nations and other world around in current conditions on the much to the American people. And we bodies as mechanisms that fit natu- ground before most international relief owe it to our brave forces on the rally with our goals of promoting free- organizations can do any effective ground in Iraq. dom, trade and democracy around the work in most of the country. As a former officer in the U.S. Navy, world. We are caught in a real bind. Iraq I know firsthand the importance of This administration has turned its clearly needs our help. Yet the Amer- supporting our troops and have great back on the work of the last 50 years. ican economy is hurting and basic do- respect and admiration for their ef- This administration has demonstrated mestic needs are crying out for fund- forts. On the whole, American military time after time that it has neither the ing. While asking for $87 billion more personnel have done an outstanding job patience nor the will to engage in real for the war in Iraq, the President’s pro- of providing leadership and direction in consultations with allies and world posed budget shortchanges his No Child countless Iraqi communities in the bodies such as the U.N. President Bush Left Behind initiative by $6.2 billion. wake of the collapse of Saddam Hus- and his administration frequently as- Special education will receive less than sein’s regime. Our officer corps has re- sert that the attacks of September 11 half of what it is authorized by law to ceived widespread praise for their wise made the world a different place. Their receive. The President has proposed and humane conduct in a role for which response has been to abandon long-held cutting $400 million in afterschool pro- they received little preparation. I am American policies and justify radical grams, and has undermined efforts to proud of many Vermonters’ unsung new approaches like the doctrine of make up for the shortfall in early edu- acts of bravery, leadership and human- preemptive war. I disagree whole- cation funding. Pell grants now cover ity. RADM Barry Costello of Rutland, heartedly with this response. While the only 40 percent of the cost of attending VT, served with distinction and played attacks of September 11 were a hor- a 4-year public college, whereas in 1975 a pivotal role in Operation Iraqi Free- rific, senseless act of evil, they have they covered approximately 84 percent dom as the Commander of the U.S.S. not diminished the value of the inter- of the cost. Our entire Department of Constellation battle group. But national structure that America and Education receives only $53 billion. Vermont has also suffered great losses. its allies have worked to build since The list goes on and on, and it speaks We grieve for Mark Evnin of South the close of World War II. The new to an administration with misplaced Burlington, Eric Halverson of challenges are different, but now more priorities. While the administration Bennington, Kyle Gilbert of than ever, they demand a strong and seeks $87 billion for Iraq, water quality Brattleboro, and Justin Garvey of unified international community. They grants have been reduced by 32 percent, Proctor, VT. My heart goes out to their demand more international coopera- environmental enforcement staff has families. They are but 4 of over 350 tion, not less. been cut by 6 percent, and funding for American troops killed since the war The United States needs its tradi- land acquisition and conservation has began. tional allies and it needs the U.N. It been reduced by 50 percent. The entire We cannot continue to accept such needs them to ensure that the situa- Department of Homeland Security is losses. We need to make decisions that tion in Iraq does not continue to slide receiving less than half of what the will help our troops in the long run. It toward an American occupation and to President seeks in this bill. Meanwhile, is our job to ensure that scarce re- help defray the costs and challenges as- our borders are porous, and first re- sources are being spent wisely, and it is sociated with rebuilding a deeply trou- sponders in our State and local govern- our responsibility to demand some- bled nation. It needs them to undercut ments are starved of resources. The ad- thing better than the floundering post- assertions that the primary interest of ministration seeks $87 billion for Iraq war effort we have seen to date. Writ- the United States is in controlling when there are over 1.1 million Ameri- ing a blank check for Iraq does a dis- Iraqi oil. Moreover, America needs its cans who have exhausted their unem- service to our military if there is no allies and the U.N. because we have too ployment benefits without finding a coherent plan for securing the peace many pressing needs at home to con- job and the President’s supporters in and bringing them home. tinue hemorrhaging money in Iraq. Congress have refused to extend their Meanwhile, the war in Iraq has dis- Having spurned the international benefits. tracted the United States from the real community on the way to war in Iraq, Meanwhile, tax cuts weighed heavily fight against terrorism, an issue of the administration must be prepared to in favor of our most wealthy citizens critical importance to American secu- go the extra mile to enlist inter- are driving up the deficit and politi- rity. We have reduced our forces in Af- national support at this hour. We must cally well-connected firms such as Hal- ghanistan and lost focus in our hunt be prepared to cede meaningful control liburton and Bechtel are reaping mil- for Osama bin Laden. As a result, the over the political and economic re- lions from no-bid contracts handed out stabilization and reconstruction of Af- building of Iraq. And we must do more by the administration. ghanistan have suffered serious set- than adopt the ‘‘join us if you want’’ Just as the President must live up to backs in recent months. One could even approach the President set forth in his his responsibilities, so must the Con- argue that the U.S. invasion of Iraq ac- recent speech to the U.N. President gress. It has a corresponding responsi- tually created an opening for terror- Bush is correct when he says that it is bility to the American people, and to ists. Osama bin Laden had long tar- in the world’s interest to join with us our military forces, to demand from geted Saddam Hussein, whose secu- in working toward the reconstruction the administration a credible plan for larism he loathed. There is no evidence of Iraq. Our longtime allies and other bringing U.S. involvement in Iraq to an that Iraq under Saddam Hussein had countries around the world are equally end and for bringing U.S. troops home. any significant connection with al- correct, however, when they ask for a The Congress must demand that the Qaida, even though the Bush adminis- measure of control over their efforts. administration develop a plan for in- tration has tried hard to link the two. While I am encouraged that the U.N. volving other countries in the process. Ironically, in the chaos that has fol- Security Council stands ready to ap- We must have a credible, detailed plan lowed the collapse of Baath Party rule, prove a resolution backing American for turning over political and military Iraq has now become a haven for ter- plans for reconstruction of Iraq, this control to the Iraqis. And the Congress rorists who see an opportunity to may be too little too late. Our closest must demand a credible, detailed pro- strike against U.S. forces. allies still have deep reservations jection of the costs associated with our For over 50 years, America’s Presi- about how we have conducted ourselves continuing presence in Iraq. Previous dents have led the world in con- thus far in Iraq, and it remains to be administration statements and testi- structing a web of relationships and in- seen if any of them will contribute any mony on these subjects have been stitutions that have succeeded in pro- significant funds or any troops at all. markedly lacking in candor.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.161 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12819 This is the largest supplemental United States policy toward Iraq. I did nationalizing the rebuilding of Iraq. I funding request in my memory. Clear- so shortly after President Bush’s Sep- take note in particular of yesterday’s ly, our military must have the funding tember 7th televised address to the Na- unanimous U.N. Security Council vote needed to carry out its tasks. I also re- tion on the same subject. In that in support of the United States-spon- alize that our own security will be speech, the President was candid with sored resolution on Iraq. However, it is damaged if reconstruction efforts in the American people about what we important to remember that this reso- Iraq are not successful. Yet this is the should expect in Iraq, namely that it is lution is only the first step toward moment for Congress to demand an- going to be ‘‘difficult and costly’’ to re- achieving a broad international coali- swers to these critical questions, rath- build that country and to bring democ- tion with additional governments and er than simply hand the administra- racy to a people who have had no tradi- international organizations willing to tion another blank check to pursue its tion of political freedom or self-deter- share the burden of this difficult and policies in Iraq. We must get our ef- mination. costly occupation. forts on the right track before it is too This Senator welcomed the Presi- Our military has done an exemplary late. dent’s honest assessment of what we job in winning the war. They should be I am left with no choice but to op- are likely to be facing in Iraq. It was a commended. But they also need help pose this bill. Anything less does a dis- positive change from the doublespeak winning the peace. Our forces are service to the men and women of our and ‘‘non-answers’’ that the Congress stretched thin and our troops are tired. military and to the American public. and the American people have been Tragically, more than 332 American Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, there are hearing from some officials in the ad- military personnel have now died in very many things in the Emergency ministration since before the outset of Iraq, 1,511 have been wounded, and 335 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq our military engagement in that coun- have sustained other injuries. One hun- and Afghanistan Security and Recon- try. dred and twenty of those deaths were struction bill with which I strongly Of course, what the President told us unrelated to hostile fire dehydration, disagree. For example, I object to the wasn’t news. The difficulty and the auto accidents, and other causes. virtually unfettered ability of adminis- cost of our involvement are painfully These deaths have prompted legiti- tration officials to move dollars from apparent. More than 150,000 coalition mate questions about the adequacy of one classification of Iraqi relief and re- forces remain in Iraq 5 months after the equipment our troops have been construction to other classifications. the President declared the end to provided for the hostile environment And I object to Ambassador Bremer’s major hostilities. One hundred and being encountered. Efforts by the U.S. unilateral approach to spend U.S. tax- thirty thousand of those men and Army to address some of these equip- payer’s money on such things as zip women are Americans. And every day ment shortcomings have not been fully codes for Iraq, expensive business there are reports of yet another Amer- funded in the pending legislation. That school scholarships, and a honey pot ican service man or woman being is the Army’s assessment—not mine. for high-priced U.S. consultants. killed. That is why I offered an amendment Nevertheless, I will vote in favor of With the approval of this $87 billion on October 2, to transfer $300 million this bill. I do so in order to provide $67 emergency supplemental, the United from Iraqi reconstruction funds to U.S. billion to support the American troops States will have committed more than Army accounts for the purchase of who are in harm’s way in Iraq and Af- 150 billion of American taxpayers’ dol- equipment vital to the safety of our ghanistan and elsewhere. And I do so lars in a matter of months for our mis- troops or to reimburse them for equip- because the Senate wisely decided last sions in Iraq and Afghanistan—the vast ment they were forced to buy for them- night to provide one-half of the funding majority of those sums for the Iraq selves. In the broader scope of things, I for Iraqi reconstruction as a loan, mission. continue to believe that those few hun- which could become a grant only if 90 In light of those statistics, who could dred million dollars were a mere drop percent of Iraq’s bilateral debt was for- disagree with the President that our in the bucket. But this drop could have given. I have long maintained that mission in Iraq has become difficult helped protect and provide our troops Iraqis must have a stake in the recon- and costly—both monetarily and in with hydration and other lifesaving struction of their own country and human terms. I only question why it equipment that they need. I was very Iraqis must have a say in decisions took our President so long to come to disappointed that my amendment that affect their future. The Bayh, et that realization. In fact, it now appears failed, largely along partisan lines, be- al., amendment gives them the invest- that estimates of human and monetary cause I strongly believe that the first ment in their own future that is so im- costs that were formerly discounted by and most important priority of this portant to them and to us. the Bush administration—statements funding bill should be to protect our Mr. DODD. Mr. President, 2 weeks made by Army General Eric Shinseki troops. ago the Senate began debate on Presi- and the President’s former Chief Eco- United States liberation of Iraq has dent Bush’s $87 billion emergency fund- nomic Advisor Lawrence Lindsey— not ended the suffering of the Iraqi ing request for Iraq and Afghanistan. might not have been so far off the people. They continue to suffer, and Since that time, many amendments mark. they are frustrated as well. While the have been considered by this body. During his most recent address to the decades of fear and brutality per- Most of them have failed largely along Nation, President Bush also explained, petrated by the dictatorial regime of partisan lines. That is unfortunate in in simple terms, United States policy Saddam Hussein are now gone, uncer- my view. After all, we are talking objectives: destroy terrorists, enlist tainty and hardship continue despite about spending 87 billion American the support of other nations for a free the best efforts of U.S. Ambassador taxpayer dollars, and this during a Iraq, and help Iraqis assume responsi- Paul Bremer and members of the Coali- time when so many of our national pri- bility. He was less clear on how he in- tion Provisional Authority. And this orities remain unaddressed. Our edu- tends to achieve those objectives, or to uncertainty and hardship have brought cation system, our health care system, mitigate the myriad of costs to the resentment—resentment against U.S. and our homeland security priorities American people. forces, resentment against the U.N. are all drastically underfunded. More That is why many of our colleagues mission headquartered in Baghdad, re- and more Americans are finding them- who have spoken on the floor have de- sentment between and within local selves out of work. Certainly we need cried the fact that at the very time we communities. to continue to support our troops in are being asked to approve $87 billion That resentment has brought with it Iraq and to assist the Iraqi people to in additional money for the military increasing acts of violence. rebuild their country. But we can’t do and reconstruction costs of Iraq and While I have not yet had an oppor- this alone and ignore the vital domes- Afghanistan, the administration has tunity to make a first-hand assessment tic needs that so many Americans are yet to lay out a clear plan for how any of the situation in Iraq, many who today facing. of the objectives mentioned by the have believe that security remains the About a month ago, I rose in this President are to be achieved. Perhaps most immediate and pressing challenge Chamber to share my thoughts about progress is now possible in inter- confronting the Provisional Coalition

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.162 S17PT1 S12820 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Authority. It is my hope that the mon- During consideration of this legisla- tion are silenced, or at least the Presi- ies contained in this legislation for our tion, Members of this Congress have dent stops listening to them. The re- troops, coupled with the $5 billion allo- taken certain steps to press the admin- cent U.N. resolution was an important cated to assemble and train Iraqi po- istration on the issue of burden shar- first step toward that end. Hopefully it lice and security forces will improve ing. These were not partisan efforts be- has taught this administration an im- the security climate so that the road is cause this is not a partisan issue. It is portant lesson: that to garner inter- clear for the equally difficult task of not partisan to insist that the Presi- national help in building democracy rebuilding the country. I fully support dent not have a blank check to pay for in—Iraq help we desperately need— those elements of the supplemental re- all of Iraq’s reconstruction. It is sound there must be compromise and respect quest. fiscal policy. Quite simply, we cannot for other points of view. However, I have serious questions afford to write endless checks for this There is nothing wrong with compro- about some of the so-called reconstruc- purpose. mising or with sharing the costs and tion priorities that the administration Even before the administration’s sup- responsibilities for Iraq’s future. In intends to pursue once the emergency plemental request, the Congressional fact, I believe that Congress has a re- supplemental is approved—projects Budget Office had calculated that the sponsibility to see that those costs and that the administration has identified annual budget deficit would reach $480 responsibilities will be shared. Inter- as high priorities in need of immediate billion—the largest in history. Over the national burden sharing was a condi- funding. A number of these misplaced past 3 years, 3.2 million Americans tion of congressional support for fund- priorities have been mentioned during have lost their jobs—44,000 alone in ing U.S. peacekeeping efforts in Bosnia the course of this debate. Let me re- July. So there are clearly pressing and Kosovo. This very Congress in- mind my colleagues of some of these: needs at home that remain unmet. We cluded a burden sharing requirement in No. 1, a $100 million witness protec- could do a lot with an additional $20 the legislation passed earlier this year tion program for 100 Iraqi families— billion on the domestic side of the Fed- authorizing U.S. participation in the Global HIV/AIDS Fund. Why should that is $1 million per family; eral ledger. No. 2, two maximum security prisons We could do a lot in the area of Iraq be different? Senate adoption last at a total cost of $400 million—$50,000 health care: $20 billion could provide night of the Bayh amendment, which per prison bed; health coverage for approximately 1.3 would convert a portion of the recon- No. 3, $15 million for the purchase of million Americans; current Medicare struction monies to loans, should be computers, with a price tag of $3,000 understood as one small step toward prescription drug proposals include per computer; more equitable burden sharing in the large gaps in coverage; the $20 billion No. 4, $20 million for 4 weeks of busi- rebuilding of Iraq. ness training classes at $10,000 per stu- could be used to close those gaps; and During consideration of this legisla- dent; and $20 billion would provide Medicaid cov- tion we have taken some important No. 5, $30 million to teach English as erage for an additional 300,000 children, first steps. But these are only small a second language to Iraqis. adults, senior citizens, and individuals steps, and much more needs to be done These are just a few of the question- with disabilities. if the $87 billion we are about to ap- We could do a lot in addressing our able spending priorities embedded in prove is to be effectively used. I will re- the measure before us. Nation’s education shortfalls: $8.5 bil- luctantly support final passage of this I supported President Bush last year lion would fully fund No Child Left Be- bill because I believe we have an obli- when he sought authority from Con- hind; $6.15 billion would fully fund title gation to support our troops. However, gress to use all necessary means to se- I programs—programs to help our poor- I want to make it clear, here and now, cure Iraq’s compliance with U.N. reso- est schools better serve our children; that if this President expects my fu- lutions. But even while doing so I was $750 million would bring afterschool ture support, he is going to have to deeply concerned that absent broad programs to their fiscal year 2004 au- bring together a much broader inter- international support for preemptively thorized levels; $29 million would re- national coalition than currently ex- removing Saddam Hussein, the Amer- store the Troops to Teachers Pro- ists—one that will provide significant ican taxpayer and our troops would be grams. financial and military support to our left holding the bag when the time We could also do a lot in supporting efforts. came to win the peace in Iraq. That important programs for our Nation’s The recent U.N. resolution holds out concern has proven well placed. children. Twenty billion dollars would: the promise that this may be possible, Indeed, I am not only troubled by the provide 4.4 million more kids with but it is only a promise—it is up to the so-called emergency programs that I childcare; enable participation of 2.8 President to see it become a reality. just mentioned; what concerns me even million kids in Head Start; fund enroll- We cannot and must not let this ad- more is that we all know that Iraq is ment of 26.7 million kids in afterschool ministration continue to deny what we going to need more money—above and programs; or 16.6 million more kids all know to be true; namely, that beyond this current request. A lot covered by health care. ‘‘multilateralizing’’ the reconstruction more. Yet despite the recent U.N. Secu- The bottom line is that we are not and democratization of Iraq is the rity Council resolution, many doubts going to be able to do any of those right thing to do. It is the right thing remain as to the administration’s will- things if we continue to go it alone in for America. It is the right thing for ingness or ability to ensure that other Iraq. Moreover, the huge and unprece- Iraq. And it is the only way to ensure governments and international organi- dented amounts of national debt that that we will be able to fulfill our re- zations will begin to share some of we are incurring are going to cripple sponsibilities to the American people. those future costs. our economy for the foreseeable future. Let us hope that the administration The President did not listen to those Why do we go through this silly will use the resources and authorities of us who cautioned him about the im- budget exercise of declaring all these contained in this bill to accomplish plications of removing Saddam Hussein projects an emergency? It is so that that goal. unilaterally. This debate gives him a our budget rules won’t apply—so some- Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, I op- second chance to listen to similar con- how it won’t count. Well, Mr. Presi- pose this appropriation because we cerns being articulated about attempt- dent, it does count. And I think we refuse to pay for it. Foreseeing our ing to unilaterally deliver democracy should agree here and now that this is venture into Iraq, in early January I to Iraq. Without significant and mean- real money. Other programs, real pro- introduced a value added tax to pay for ingful help from others we risk an even grams, important programs, won’t be it. On this current bill I was a strong more ‘‘costly and difficult’’ engage- funded because of the so-called emer- supporter of the Biden amendment. In ment in Iraq than the President has gency projects I mentioned earlier. fact, I negotiated the rewording to re- contemplated. Equally serious, the There are trade-offs. quire that we forego the tax cut for the President risks losing the support of It is now clear that these trade-offs top one percent of income tax payers the American people for his policy. aren’t going to be confronted by the and use that money to pay for this ap- Without that support continued U.S. President unless the voices of the propriation. Led by the Republican op- involvement will not be sustainable. unilateralists in the Bush administra- position, it was voted down.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.164 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12821 Ambassador Bremer testified that by will stop killing us. It could happen, In this supplemental appropriations next July oil from Iraq would be flow- but first you have to establish the peo- package, Congress is providing funding ing at the rate of three million barrels ple’s security and we are trying to do it to our Nation’s efforts to restore sta- a day, a net export revenue of $16 bil- on the cheap with troops. bility and democracy in Afghanistan lion a year and a 10-year net export As I have told Secretary Rumsfeld on and Iraq. We do so not because we are revenue of $160 billion. Iraq is not Af- two occasions, more than a money sup- obliged to, but because we need to see ghanistan. With the second highest oil plemental we need a manpower supple- democratic government flourish in reserves in the world Iraq is one of the mental. If our troops are sent to se- these countries that have been so crip- richest countries and could easily pay cure, there are too few and if they are pled by violence and corruption. Libe- the bill. Again with White House oppo- sent to be killed daily, there are too ria, a country to whom we are bound sition, the collateralization of this many. The cheer to support the Presi- by shared history, enduring interest, $20.3 billion cost was voted down. dent and support the troops by pro- and national security, needs our help This bill includes many items not ponents of this supplemental misleads. as much as Afghanistan and Iraq. just to rebuild, but to build facilities The cheer should be to stop the killing I urge my colleagues in the Senate to that did not exist at the time of war. of our troops by supplying more man- answer their call. While we are denying many facilities power. My vote supports the troops by The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill and services for our people here in the emphasizing the need for more man- having been read the third time, the United States, we are going to the ex- power. But more particularly, it em- question is, Shall the bill, as amended, treme financially to correct the mis- phasizes the reality of our situation. pass? take of President Bush. I supported the Money will not stop the daily Mr. BOND. I ask for the yeas and Stabenow amendment for our facilities killings, nor will a constitution by De- nays. and services which also was defeated by cember. With the passage of this appro- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a the White House. priation we are not only trying to do it sufficient second? The attempt to equate 9/11 with Sad- on the cheap. We are telling the GI in There appears to be a sufficient sec- dam fails. Al-Qaida was not operating downtown Baghdad, ‘‘We hope you ond. from Iraq. Saddam was not a threat to don’t get killed. And the reason we The clerk will call the roll. our national security. We had over- hope you don’t get killed is that we The legislative clerk called the roll. want you to hurry home to pay for it. flights in both northern and southern Mr. MCCONNELL. I announce that My generation is not going to pay for Iraq. We knew what was going on. We the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. ALEX- it. This Congress is not going to pay for had economic sanctions on Iraq. The ANDER) is necessarily absent. resolution I voted for had two resolu- it because we need a tax cut to get re- I further announce that if present tion clauses: One, to enforce the United elected next year.’’ and voting the Senator from Tennessee Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I rise Nations resolutions and, two, to pro- (Mr. ALEXANDER) would vote ‘‘yes.’’ in strong support of the Leahy amend- tect the national security of the United The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there ment to strike wasteful funding from States. Saddam was not a threat to our any other Senators in the Chamber de- this supplemental and redirect that national security and we all know it. siring to vote? spending for humanitarian and peace- The United Nations at the time was in The result was announced—yeas 87, Iraq on a search for weapons of mass keeping assistance to Liberia. I com- mend my colleague for advancing this nays 12, as follows: destruction. We preempted the search [Rollcall Vote No. 400 Leg.] with invasion. I don’t know whether it important amendment. Last month, I had a moving meeting YEAS—87 was oil or finishing the unfinished busi- with Archbishop Frances of Monrovia. Akaka DeWine McCain ness of Desert Storm, but be that as it He relayed to me stories of suffering Allard Dodd McConnell may, they have not met us with rejoic- and pain in Liberia, a country that has Allen Dole Mikulski Baucus Domenici Miller ing in the streets. Saddam still exists. been ravaged by war and brutal govern- There is a daily killing of our soldiers. Bayh Dorgan Murkowski ment. He also relayed to me the great Bennett Durbin Murray At this moment we are an occupation hope the people of Liberia place in the Biden Ensign Nelson (FL) army and the enemy. While we try to Bingaman Enzi Nelson (NE) United States and pleaded with us to internationalize our effort, there is no Bond Feingold Nickles help Liberia in this time of great need. question that terrorism has been inter- Breaux Feinstein Pryor This amendment is an answer to the Brownback Fitzgerald Reed nationalized in Iraq. The borders are pleas from Archbishop Frances—and a Bunning Frist Reid Burns Graham (SC) Roberts porous and deployment for law and response to the hope invested in us by order is inadequate. I call Iraq a mis- Campbell Grassley Rockefeller millions of Liberians. Cantwell Gregg Santorum take because we have more terrorism Though 85 percent of Liberians are Carper Hagel Schumer since our invasion rather than less. As unemployed and 75 percent do not have Chafee Hatch Sessions reported in the Financial Times: ‘‘The Chambliss Hutchison Shelby access to clean drinking water, there Clinton Inhofe Smith London-based International Institute are reasons for hope in Liberia. A new Cochran Inouye Snowe for Strategic Studies said in its newly leader, Charles Gyude Bryant, has as- Coleman Johnson Specter published Military Balance survey that sumed the task of shepherding the peo- Collins Kohl Stabenow while the invasion of Iraq might have Conrad Kyl Stevens ple of Liberia from war to peace, from Cornyn Landrieu Sununu isolated al-Qaida from potential state violence and destruction to rebuilding Corzine Levin Talent sponsors, it was also likely to have had and reconciliation. The open violence Craig Lieberman Thomas the effect of ‘swelling its ranks and Crapo Lincoln Voinovich that has plagued the country for over a Daschle Lott Warner galvanizing its will.’ War in Iraq has decade has been checked. Dayton Lugar Wyden probably inflamed radical passions An international peacekeeping force among Muslims and thus increased al- will be necessary to ensure outright NAYS—12 Qaida’s recruiting power and morale war does not return. This amendment Boxer Harkin Kerry Byrd Hollings Lautenberg and, at least marginally, its oper- would help pay for an international Edwards Jeffords Leahy ational capability, the report states.’’ peacekeeping force—an African force Graham (FL) Kennedy Sarbanes You can’t stop the killing until you to stabilize an African nation. NOT VOTING—1 have law and order. The twelfth Roman In addition to renewed security, this Canon still applies: Salus popli amendment ensures that disaster relief Alexander sumprema lex—the safety of people is and humanitarian assistance will get The bill (S. 1689), as amended, was the supreme law. In order to get safety, to thousands of Liberian families up- passed. in order to get law and order we need rooted by years of conflict and children (The bill will be printed in a future more troops. The administration’s ap- who have been separated from their edition of the RECORD.) proach is to regenerate the wetlands, parents. The amendment will provide The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under build a sewer system, put in internet, relief for Liberians denied access to the previous order, the Senate will pro- make the people happy and then they food and basic services for years. ceed to the consideration of H.R. 3289.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.166 S17PT1 S12822 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 All after the enacting clause is strick- with Senator STEVENS and the distin- passed and the motion to reconsider be en and the text of S. 1689, as amended, guished majority leader. As I men- laid upon the table; further, that the is inserted in lieu thereof. The bill is tioned on the floor earlier, we in the Senate insist upon its amendments and read a third time and passed, and the minority have been concerned about request a conference with the House; motion to reconsider is laid upon the our lack of input in conferences that and, lastly, that the Chair be author- table. are now ongoing. And that is unsatis- ized to appoint conferees of a ratio of 3 Under the previous order, the Senate factory. I have made that clear to the to 2 and that any statements relating insists on its amendments, requests a majority leader. to the bill be printed in the RECORD. conference with the House on the dis- This bill enjoys bipartisan support, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there agreeing votes on this measure, and as we have just seen from the vote, and objection? the Chair is authorized to appoint con- provides an opportunity to begin anew. Mr. REID. Reserving the right to ob- ferees. As a result, I sought and received the ject, Mr. President, I want the RECORD The Presiding Officer (Mr. SUNUNU) assurance of the chairman of the Ap- to be spread with the fact that this is appointed Mr. STEVENS, Mr. COCHRAN, propriations Committee that the mi- why Senator DASCHLE just entered into Mr. SPECTER, Mr. DOMENICI, Mr. BOND, nority will be full participants in this a colloquy with the distinguished Mr. MCCONNELL, Mr. BURNS, Mr. SHEL- conference on the bill. That should be chairman of the Appropriations Com- BY, Mr. GREGG, Mr. BENNETT, Mr. the norm when the Senate seeks to re- mittee. Conferences haven’t worked CAMPBELL, Mr. CRAIG, Mrs. HUTCHISON, solve its differences with the House. very well in this Congress. Mr. DEWINE, Mr. BROWNBACK, Mr. This means the minority will have the We are willing to pass this bill, send BYRD, Mr. INOUYE, Mr. HOLLINGS, Mr. opportunity to provide input on key it directly to the House. There would LEAHY, Mr. HARKIN, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. issues for the duration of the con- be a simple amendment. We can do REID of Nevada, Mr. KOHL, Mrs. MUR- ference and be kept fully apprised of all that quickly, soon. We feel that would RAY, Mr. DORGAN, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. developments as we seek to get a con- be the most expeditious way to handle DURBIN, Mr. JOHNSON, and Ms. ference report on this legislation which this most important legislation. We LANDRIEU conferees on the part of the will enjoy the same broad bipartisan favor the legislation. The minority fa- Senate. support as did the bill before us today. vors this legislation. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I take I ask if that is in keeping with the I object. the opportunity to express my appre- understanding of the distinguished The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ob- ciation to the Appropriations Com- manager of the bill. jection is heard. mittee staff for the many hours and Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, the The Senator from Pennsylvania. days they worked on this bill. Their Democratic leader is correct. The con- Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, commitment and professionalism is ference will meet and the minority will what the Senator from Nevada has sug- critical to the bill. I have the list of be full participants in the conference. gested is instead of taking the normal Mr. DASCHLE. I thank the manager the names of the majority and minor- course, which is the House has passed a of the bill. ity staff who worked so hard on this bill, the Senate has passed a bill, and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under bill and I ask it be printed in the for us to go to conference to negotiate the previous order, the Chair recog- RECORD in recognition of their efforts. the differences, the Senator from Ne- nizes the Senator from Vermont. There being no objection, the mate- vada is suggesting we take our bill and rial was ordered to be printed in the Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I thank the distinguished Presiding Officer, my send it back to the House where the RECORD, as follows: House would simply take it and put a THE MAJORITY STAFF friend and neighbor from across the Connecticut River. bill there and send it back here, which Jim Morhard, Andy Givens, Sid Ashworth, Mr. REID. Mr. President, will the would be fully amendable again, and it Kevin Linskey, Katherine Hennessey, Dennis would go back to the House and it Balkham, Jill Shapiro Long, Shannon Senator from Vermont, who has been so patient, withhold so that the Sen- could go back to the Senate and we O’Keefe, Jessica Roberts, Jennifer never reach a conclusion. I suggest the Chartrand, Alycia Farrell, Menda Fife, Tom ator from Pennsylvania, who is here, Hawkins, and Robert Henke. can make a very important unanimous way to solve this problem is to go to Lesley Kalan, Mazie Mattson, Kraig consent request? conference. I hope we can do so. Suiacuse, Brian Wilson, Nicle Royal, Paul Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I will The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Grove, Brendan Wheeler, Dennis Ward, Sean withhold with the understanding that I ator from Vermont. Knowles, Rebecca Davies, Leo Spivey, be recognized after my colleague PASSAGE OF S. 1689 Bettilou Taylor, Lisa Sutherland, and Chris- tine Drager. speaks. Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I speak The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- today about the Senate’s vote on the THE MINORITY STAFF ator from Pennsylvania. President’s request for an additional Terry Sauvain, Charles Kieffer, Charles Mr. SANTORUM. I thank the Sen- $87 billion in emergency funding for Houy, Nicole DiResta, Betsy Schmid, B.G. Wright, A. William Simpson, Lila Helms, ators from Nevada and Vermont for Iraq and Afghanistan, of which $65 bil- Kate Elrich, Chad Schulken, Tim Rieser, their indulgence. lion is for military operations and $21 Mark Lippert, and Christina Evans. UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—H.R. 7 billion is for relief and reconstruction. Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I know Mr. President, I rise to ask unani- The lion’s share of the funds are for the regular order is to now recognize mous consent that the Senate proceed Iraq. Senator LEAHY. I ask unanimous con- to the immediate consideration of H.R. I attended the three hearings in the sent that we alternate between Repub- 7, which is the charitable choice bill. I Appropriations Committee, when Am- lican and Democratic Senators fol- further ask unanimous consent that all bassador Bremer, Secretary of Defense lowing Senator LEAHY in speeches re- after the enacting clause be stricken Rumsfeld, General Pace, and several garding the vote just taken. and the Snowe amendment, which is other witnesses testified. Unfortu- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the amendment on the child tax credit, nately, there was not nearly enough objection, it is so ordered. and the Grassley-Baucus amendment, time in those hearings to discuss the Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I ask which is an amendment for the tax ex- details of a budget request of such unanimous consent that I be recog- tenders, which are at the desk, be enormous size and complexity. I was nized for a very short colloquy prior to agreed to en bloc; that the substitute also disappointed that the hearings the time Senator LEAHY is recognized amendment, which is the text of S. 476, provided a one-sided perspective, as for his remarks. the Senate-passed version of the chari- there were no witnesses from the U.S. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there table choice bill, which has the Chari- Agency for International Development objection? table Giving Act as well as the mili- or the State Department, and no wit- Without objection, it is so ordered. tary fairness provisions, as amended by nesses from outside the government. Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I dis- the Snowe-Grassley-Baucus amend- I also reviewed the materials pro- cussed the appointment of the con- ment, be agreed to; that the bill, as vided by the Office of Management and ferees on this important legislation amended, be read a third time and Budget in support of the request, which

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.089 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12823 are useful but devoid of detail. For ex- caused them to be sent there, and that nues from future Iraqi oil sales. Yearly ample, a request for $800 million for po- will require them to remain there, revenues from Iraqi oil are expected to lice training in Iraq is justified with must also be a policy that each of us reach $100 billion in less than a decade. only three vague sentences. who has to vote on this supplemental This amendment, had it passed, would It is also one thing to ask for $400 can support. And if we are to make have lifted a portion of the staggering million to build two new prisons. It is good use of the taxpayers money, there financial burden of this war off the another to fail to explain why on Earth must be an effective plan to implement backs of American taxpayers. it costs so much, when the price of that policy. I offered an amendment, with Sen- labor in Iraq is half what it is in the Second, it is beyond dispute that Iraq ator DASCHLE, to shift responsibility United States. This is one of many ex- is infinitely better off without Saddam for rebuilding Iraq from the Secretary amples—$33,000 pickup trucks that cost Hussein, whose rein of terror was a dis- of Defense to the Secretary of State. $14,000 in the U.S. and $6,000 satellite aster for the Iraqi people and a blight The Pentagon’s role is fighting wars, phones that sell in neighboring Jordan on the civilized world. The Iraqi people which they do superbly. It is not nation for $500, are others—that have been have a chance to build the foundations building. That is the role of the State cited in the press and in speeches by of a more open, tolerant, peaceful and Department. It is ironic that President Senators. prosperous society. Whether they will Bush, who ridiculed the Clinton admin- Of course there are things that need succeed in that endeavor may not be istration for nation building in the to be done in Iraq. But some of these know for many years, but I credit former Yugoslavia, is today defending costs are shocking and inexplicable. President Bush, Secretary Rumsfeld, the Pentagon’s role in the biggest na- The administration is cutting food our troops, and the Iraqi people them- tion-building effort in half a century. aid for poor children in Nicaragua; a selves, for giving them this chance. These are only four of the amend- Third, I am voting against this pro- million children die of measles each ments that I supported, each of which posal. If, instead, I thought the admin- year because they can’t get the vaccine was voted down because the White istration was being honest with the which costs pennies; a third of the House and the Republican leadership American people about its motives and world’s people live in conditions most opposed them. its policy in Iraq and the Middle East; Americans would find appalling. Yet Mr. President, in the weeks and days if this supplemental were designed to we are going to build wireless internet leading up to this vote, I have been implement a credible plan to inter- guided by several things. access on the Euphrates. It makes no nationalize our policy rather than to First is the importance of sense. continue a unilateral approach; and if And then we saw in last Thursday’s multilateralism. There is no realistic this had not been a one-time only, New York Times that although this is alternative in the 21st century to take-it-or-leave-it, partisan approach a 1-year, emergency appropriation, working collectively with other na- in which almost every amendment of- tions to combat terrorism and other only $6 billion, not $20 billion, can be fered by Democrats was defeated along grave threats to our security which ex- effectively spent in Iraq next year. party lines, my vote today might be tend far beyond our borders. Iraq, per- Could it be that the reason the White different. House wants this $20 billion now, and I want to be clear. Since 1989, I have haps more than any foreign policy ad- not a penny less, is because they do not served as either chairman or ranking venture in recent memory, illustrates want to have to defend this increas- member of the Foreign Operations Sub- the costs we pay for unilateralist ingly unpopular policy again next year committee. I am a strong believer in thinking—the cost to our soldiers, to before the November elections? I think foreign aid. Spent wisely, foreign aid is our relations with allies and the Mus- the answer is obvious. in our national interests. I am not op- lim world, to our influence with other I cast my vote against this supple- posed to helping Iraq rebuild. In fact, I nations on so many critical issues, and mental. This decision did not come eas- supported the supplemental, passed in to American taxpayers. ily. There are strong arguments pro April, which contained billions of dol- Second, I did not vote for the resolu- and con. I know that I will be among a lars to rebuild Iraq and to support our tion that President Bush used to jus- small minority. But for me, this is a military operations there. I also voted tify the invasion of Iraq. I felt it gave matter of principle, and after a great for several amendments, which were the President sweeping authority that deal of thought I have concluded that I defeated along party lines, which I be- the Constitution reserves for the Con- can not support this proposal. I did not lieve would have improved this supple- gress. I was also convinced that the support the policy that got us into war mental in important ways. White House, despite its protestations alone. I do not support the tactics the For example, the Byrd-Kennedy- to the contrary, was determined to White House has used to get this sup- Leahy amendment would have allowed short circuit the U.N. inspectors and go plemental passed. And I do not support $10 billion of the Iraq reconstruction to war alone. appropriating so much money, at one funds to be spent immediately. The This administration’s policy has been time, for an oil rich nation when the balance of $10 billion would be withheld driven by lofty, unrealistic ambitions; responsible thing would be to approve a pending a certification by the Presi- White House and Pentagon officials portion of the money today and to re- dent that the U.N. Security Council who were so convinced of their own visit this again next year. has authorized a multinational force version of reality that they felt no Before I explain how I reached this under U.S. command in Iraq and a cen- need to ask questions, not to mention decision, I want to make three points. tral role for the U.N. in the political listen to the answers; a presumption First, I want to mention the issue of and economic development of Iraq, and that other nations would follow us sim- support for our troops. We all support a second vote by Congress. I am con- ply because of who we are; and a naive our troops, who have endured great vinced that if we do not truly inter- assumption that we would be embraced hardship and fought bravely. We worry nationalize our policy in Iraq our as liberators and that the Pentagon’s about their safety. We have spoken to troops will continue to face daily at- chosen exiles, unknown to most Iraqis, the grieving families of soldiers who tacks, our efforts to rebuild will be in would be quickly enthroned in the seat have died. I and other Senators have jeopardy, and U.S. taxpayers, virtually of power. worked to get them better protective alone, will pay the skyrocketing costs. Detractors were silenced. Other na- equipment, after we learned that some The Biden amendment would have tions were bullied. Members of Con- were sent into battle in Iraq without paid for the $87 billion by repealing a gress who did not fall into line were bulletproof vests or the latest available tiny fraction of the President’s huge called unpatriotic. The administra- armor for their vehicles. tax cut for the wealthiest Americans. I tion’s justification for a preemptive But supporting the troops is not sim- have no doubt that if the American war, carried out not in self defense, not ply a matter of spending billions of dol- people had been able to vote on the in response to 9/11, and without United lars so they can remain in Iraq indefi- Biden amendment it would have passed Nations support, has changed from nitely, with no exit plan, targets in a overwhelmingly. month to month, depending, it seems, guerrilla war that is likely to drag on The Dorgan amendment would have on what the White House’s polls say for years. The President’s policy that paid for the reconstruction with reve- the American people will believe.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.093 S17PT1 S12824 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 And third is my concern that in the Only weeks ago, Secretary Rumsfeld tagon. They worked hard to link Sad- 2 years since the tragedy of September accused those who were asking ques- dam Hussein with 9/11, even if the facts 11th, President Bush has squandered tions about the deteriorating security did not support it. the support of the rest of the world and situation in Iraq of giving comfort to Only recently, after misleading a ma- has largely failed to build an effective our enemies. jority of the American people, did the global response to terrorism. That is baloney. Every one of us President publically concede that there Mr. President, I am not among those wanted Saddam Hussein gone. But it is is no evidence of a link. Yet, Vice who feel that everything we have done the duty of each Senator to ask ques- President CHENEY continues to suggest in Iraq has been a failure. To the con- tions when young Americans are dying there is. It would be helpful if the Vice trary, thanks to the heroics of our sol- overseas. President would agree with the Presi- diers—many hundreds of whom have The administration said, over and dent on this point. paid with their lives and limbs—the over, that the reason we had to invade Mr. President, I want as much as any Iraqi people have a chance to build a Iraq was because of weapons of mass person to mount an effective campaign government they can be proud of. But destruction. The Vice President said, to deter, prevent, and combat ter- the issues before us are far more com- ‘‘We believe he [Saddam Hussein] has, rorism. But what we have been given is plex than whether or not we should in fact, reconstituted nuclear weap- a partisan, ‘‘take it or leave it,’’ rushed help Iraq. We should help in ways that ons,’’ although there was apparently approach costing scores of billions of are right for the Iraqi people, and right virtually no evidence to support that. dollars that is not backed up with a for the American people. But after blaming the United Nations credible plan. And by a plan I mean a detailed The question each of us must answer, inspectors for being duped, and after strategy that shows us a way to inter- for ourselves and our constituents, is months of searching without any inter- nationalize this policy and bring our whether this $87 billion, for the pur- ference, the administration has yet to troops home within a reasonable time. poses for which the Administration has find any weapons of mass destruction. Many in Congress, Democrats and requested it, is the right way to do And now, as reported in the press, they Republicans, warned of the costs and that. want to spend another $600 million to pitfalls of fighting a war to enforce Thinking back, as I have often done continue the search. U.N. resolutions without the support of since President Bush launched an es- Not long ago, the Secretary of State the U.N. Security Council, and of re- sentially unilateral, preemptive war said the weapons were the chemical building Iraq without the support of against Iraq, I believe the President weapons used against the Kurds in 1988, other nations. Iraq is a complex coun- got off on the wrong foot from the mo- before the first gulf war. The gassing of try with a long history of ethnic and ment he made that famous, or infa- the Kurds was a horrific war crime, but religious conflict, and it was crucial to mous, remark ‘‘if you are not with us, as much as I respect the Secretary, it have a sound postwar plan and a viable you are against us.’’ That statement is absurd, and contrary to everything exit strategy. But the administration was made shortly after September 11th, we were told a year ago, to use an did not want to hear those warnings. I when the American people were feeling atrocity of 15 years ago to justify a think my good friend Senator HAGEL the brunt of that national tragedy, and pre-emptive war. spoke for many of us, when he said the it may have been reassuring to hear In fact, when Saddam Hussein used administration ‘‘did a miserable job of the President express his world view in mustard gas against the Kurds, the planning the post-Saddam Iraq’’ and such bold terms. But I, like many Reagan-Bush administration did little ‘‘treated many in the Congress, most of Vermonters, was uneasy about what about it. And they continued to sell the Congress like a nuisance.’’ the President said, and in retrospect I weapons to Saddam Hussein for years We also know that the White House believe it represented a fundamentally after. The Secretary of State was a ignored concerns expressed by some in flawed approach to the threat our Na- member of that administration. the administration, especially in the tion faced then, and will continue to This Administration apparently has CIA and the State Department, about face for years to come. no idea what happened to the weapons the difficulties and dangers involved. What the President’s challenge has of mass destruction, did next to noth- Instead, a small, secretive group in the come to mean is that regardless of who ing to secure the sites where it believed Pentagon dominated postwar planning, you are, including our oldest, closest them to be after the fall of Saddam and miscalculated. Vice President CHE- allies, if you do not agree with us we Hussein’s regime, and now seems to NEY said ‘‘[t]here’s no question [that will ignore what you say, we will dis- want to forget about them altogether. the people of Iraq] want to get rid of miss you as irrelevant, we will punish This time last year, there were daily Saddam Hussein and they will welcome you if we can, and we will go our own warnings about mushroom clouds. Yet as liberators the United States when way in spite of you. That, I believe, is in his speech to the Nation on Sep- we come to do that.’’ a recipe for failure. It is beneath the tember 7, the President barely men- Many Iraqis are grateful. But the United States. It weakens the United tioned the issue. Vice President says almost nothing States. This is not, as some have suggested, about the fact that our soldiers, who Not only has the White House done a partisan issue. It is an American have performed so bravely, are under grave damage to our foreign relations, issue. These are questions that get to constant attack or threat of attack it has squandered its credibility with the heart of U.S. security and credi- from terrorists and remnants of the the Congress and the American people. bility. Where are these weapons? Were Baathist regime. He and others in the After handily defeating Saddam Hus- they destroyed? Are they in the hands White House don’t talk about the hun- sein’s army, virtually everything this of terrorists, like the Islamic extrem- dreds of Americans who have died, or administration predicted about Iraq ists who are flooding into Iraq to at- the nearly 2,000 wounded. And many of has turned out to be wrong. Yet one tack our troops? Are they in Syria or these injuries are not just a broken would hardly know that from listening Iran? Was this a massive intelligence bone or scrapes. They are lost limbs. to senior administration officials on failure? Lost eyesight. Lifetime disabilities. television or in testimony before Con- The administration’s handling of this The Secretary of Defense does not gress. Rather than give an honest as- issue has severely undermined the talk about the billions of dollars in sessment of the pros and cons, they credibility of our intelligence and of this supplemental to repair damage have preferred to make personal at- the President’s justification for rush- caused by the catastrophic looting of tacks against those of us who ask le- ing into war. government buildings, electric gener- gitimate questions. Since jamming The White House’s other major jus- ating equipment, hospitals, oil refin- through a Gulf of Tonkin-like resolu- tification for the invasion of Iraq was eries, railroads, and communications tion last year, top administration offi- to fight al-Qaida and combat inter- infrastructure, because the Pentagon cials have continually ridiculed those national terrorism. Over and over did not plan for the war’s end and did opposed to the war in Iraq, calling again, hardliners in this administra- not have enough troops in place to them pro-Saddam Hussein or pro- tion tried to make this connection. keep order after the fall of Saddam’s Osama bin Laden. They created a special unit in the Pen- government.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.094 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12825 This $87 billion request is made by next 2 years. But that, again, may be Mr. President, we are at a crossroads, the President of the party that just a wildly optimistic. not only in Iraq, but in our relations few years ago gave great speeches in We are going to rebuild Iraq and put with the rest of the world. A year ago, support of a constitutional amendment the Iraqis back to work. The President I listened as the President suddenly, for a balanced budget. In fact, it was says there is money for that—$87 bil- inexplicably, changed his focus from the Clinton administration that actu- lion. But there is no supplemental to defeating al-Qaida in Afghanistan to ally had the fiscal discipline to achieve help the millions of Americans who overthrowing Saddam Hussein. I lis- a balanced budget, which President have lost their jobs here at home. tened to his reasons, which were un- Bush inherited. President Bush and There is no money to fix our broken convincing given what we knew at the Vice President CHENEY say they are public schools. There is no money for time, and they are less convincing deficit hawks. Yet today we are on the health care for 44 million Americans today. Like many, including some of road to putting a $1 trillion deficit who are without insurance. None for my friends on the other side of the squarely on the backs of our children affordable housing for the growing aisle, I urged patience. We were ig- and grandchildren. number of Americans living in poverty. nored. This is also a President who says we Instead of a plan, we get more rhet- We waited for the evidence. It was cannot spend another $1 billion in oric about winning the war on ter- distorted and manipulated. emergency funds to combat AIDS this rorism. Instead of specifics, we get ab- After a brilliant military victory, the year, a disease that kills 8,000 people stract talk about democracy in the postwar strategy and the justification every day. This Administration’s AIDS Middle East—civilizations that predate for the war itself have largely evapo- initiative, which has such promise, is ours by a thousand years. This admin- rated. Faced with an $87 billion down starting looking like more talk than istration continues to support auto- payment on what is likely to be a far cratic regimes in the Middle East, Cen- action. Others here have recounted the more costly, far longer United States tral Asia, and elsewhere, whenever it statements of former chief economic involvement in Iraq, I have tried, suits them. Instead of a timetable and adviser Lawrence Lindsey, who esti- through hearings and amendments, to a detailed justification of costs, we get mated that it would cost between $100 promote an approach which I believe simplistic and inaccurate comparisons billion and $200 billion to rebuild Iraq. could succeed. But the White House with the Marshall plan. and the Republican Majority have been He was right, but his analysis was dis- The Marshall plan, as I, Senator puted again and again by administra- inflexible. DASCHLE, and others have pointed out, This has been a difficult process. I do tion officials who wanted to paint a bore little resemblance to what we are not believe the United States, having much rosier picture. For telling the dealing with here. The most specific destroyed Iraq’s government, should truth, he was forced out of the admin- thing the President has talked about is walk away. But neither can I support a istration. the pricetag: $87 billion. This is stag- policy that was ill-conceived from the Former OMB Director Daniels said gering. It gave many Americans stick- beginning, has seriously eroded our in- between $50 billion and $60 billion. er shock and awe. Deputy Defense Secretary Wolfowitz fluence with our allies, further Their so-called ‘‘plan’’ is a July 23rd poisoned our already frayed relations said ‘‘We’re dealing with a country document, totaling 8 pages of text and with the Muslim world and weakened that can really finance its own recon- 19 pages of a hypothetical time line. It the United Nations. It is a policy which struction, and relatively soon. The oil is not a plan of anything. It is a vague cannot succeed over the long term revenues of that country could bring statement of objectives, which begins without a significant change of course. between $50 and $100 billion over the by saying, not a little presumptiously, I have listened to some in the major- course of the next two or three years.’’ that ‘‘now that Saddam Hussein’s re- ity argue that ‘‘we have no choice’’ but Andrew Natsios, Administrator of gime has been removed, the Iraqi peo- to ‘‘stay the course.’’ We may have no the U.S. Agency for International De- ple have the opportunity to realize the choice but to stay in Iraq, but we do velopment, said that $1.7 billion was all President’s vision’’ for Iraq. I wonder if have a choice about the course. I be- that America’s taxpayers would have anyone asked the Iraqi people about lieve we need to change course. to pay. $1.7 billion. That is incredible. their own vision for their country. We should change course in three key These estimates were wildly off the This plan, which we did not receive ways. mark. After so many misstatements, until August 22—the day Ambassador First, as I and so many others have misjudgments, and distortions, I have Bremer came to testify before the Ap- urged, we should internationalize our no idea who to believe. This Adminis- propriations Committee—tells us only policy. The amendment I sponsored tration has been wrong, wrong, and what has become obvious to everyone— with Senator BYRD and Senator KEN- wrong. the President sent our troops into war NEDY would have helped do that, and As Senator BYRD has pointed out, without a postwar plan. the U.N. resolution that was adopted this $87 billion brings to $194 billion the Is everything going badly? No. Iraq is yesterday is a welcome and encour- amount the United States is spending not engulfed in flames, as some press aging step, for which I commend Sec- in Iraq and Afghanistan—more than reports might suggest. The port has retary of State Powell. But it is noth- twice what the administration had led been rebuilt. Businesses and schools ing more than an expression of good in- the public to believe just a few months are opening. Electric power and health tentions. We have no idea if it will ago. services are being restored. Rubble is change anything, as this White House The 1991 gulf war, by contrast, cost being cleared. A new police force is has steadfastly resisted meaningful $61 billion, of which the United States being trained. There has been progress, input from other nations. paid only $7 billion. That is $7 billion and I commend Ambassador Bremer, Will the multinational force be any- spent in 1991 compared to $194 billion USAID, and the many private vol- thing more than a fig leaf for an ongo- today—almost 28 times higher, and this untary organizations who are working ing U.S. military occupation involving is only the beginning. assiduously in extremely difficult and over 120,000 troops? Will other nations The $20 billion that the President dangerous conditions. contribute significant resources? Or wants for rebuilding Iraq is more than But there is another picture that the will U.S. taxpayers continue to shoul- we are spending this year on foreign White House prefers not to talk about. der 99 percent of the costs? aid for the entire rest of the world. The The coordinated, deadly attacks We need to know if the U.N. resolu- $87 billion is one and a half times the against our troops and Iraqi police are tion represents the change in policy amount we spend on education in the growing in frequency. Aid workers are that is long overdue, or if it is nothing United States. It is larger than the facing daily threats and acts of sabo- more than political cover to continue total economies of almost half the tage. Many relief organizations are drifting along as we are today alone, states of the Union. evacuating their employees, as the with our troops under fire and U.S. tax- The administration hopes that it will U.N. has done. Horrific bombings of ci- payers mortgaging their children’s sav- receive an additional $55 billion for vilian targets are becoming routine. ings. Iraqi reconstruction from other coun- There is growing resentment among Second, we must do a far better job tries and Iraqi oil revenues over the the Iraqi people. of protecting the taxpayers’ money.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.096 S17PT1 S12826 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Today we should be voting to appro- as vigorous language as possible, but I bility in the world and recognize those priate not a penny more than the want to make it clear to him and to players in the Middle East who are part amount of funds that can be spent any who may have misunderstood that of that instability. I believe Saddam wisely in Iraq and Afghanistan during under no circumstances and at no time Hussein was a principal player for in- the next 12 months. It should be paid have I ever challenged his patriotism. stability. for by repealing a portion of the tax I am not sure I know of any other We can argue, appropriately, and we cut for the wealthiest Americans, as Senator who has ever challenged his can go back and examine the mistakes proposed by Senator BIDEN, not by in- patriotism. I hope we will understand that were made with respect to Sad- creasing the deficit. By mid-year we that as we disagree, as vigorously as dam Hussein. We can say there are should hold thorough hearings, and we do on this issue, we are not, in fact, statements made prior to the attack on vote again on whether to stay the engaging in what has been called the Iraq which, in retrospect, turned out course. politics of personal destruction. not to be true. I can list some of them. Third, we should get the Secretary of I believe the Senator from West Vir- No. 1, I heard in this Chamber that Defense out of the business of nation ginia is wrong because I think his we were going to get body bags coming building and put the Secretary of State world view is wrong with respect to back from Iraq by the thousands. We back in charge. My amendment would where the world is and where the Presi- were told in this Chamber that we were have done that. dent is going in the postwar world. going to have house-to-house fighting These are not radical alternatives, We all celebrated the fall of the Ber- in Baghdad, door-to-door assaults. We but the President’s advisers decided lin Wall and the end of the cold war. were told that our troops were going to that nothing was open for discussion. It There were books written about it. One be gassed—that from people who voted has been their latest version of ‘‘if was entitled ‘‘The End of History.’’ We against the resolution to give the you’re not with us, you’re against us.’’ found that history did not come to an President the authority to go forward. They have treated this supplemental as end with the end of the cold war, that It turns out all of those predictions a referendum on the President’s policy the challenges to American lives and are not true. Do I attack the people in Iraq, a policy which I believe is American interests around the world who made those predictions as having fraught with dangers for our Nation. It did not disappear with the Soviet botched it? I suggest they read the in- telligence and came to the wrong con- is no more the right way to build the Union, and that we have additional clusion. I also recognize that whenever peace than the pre-emptive, unilateral challenges today. I will not suggest that the Bush ad- this Nation or any nation goes to war, use of force was the right way to go to ministration has done everything you never know exactly what is going war. Mr. President, I voted for every right. I have had my moments of dis- to happen. agreement with this administration, This is perhaps a small example, but amendment that I felt would make the some of them relatively serious and it has struck me, as I read the history best use of the taxpayer’s hard earned some of them relatively recent. But I of the Second World War. As carefully money. I voted for every amendment am behind the President in this effort as we planned the assault on Nor- that I felt would support our troops because I think his overall global view mandy, as carefully as we did the and help them do their jobs better, and is the correct one. disinformation to get Hitler to think come home safely. I support them by The primary challenge to peace in we were going to attack someplace spending money wisely. And I support the world right now is coming out of other than we did, the disguises, the them by voting to change course when the Middle East. For a variety of rea- false information that was put out, all I believe the course we are on endan- sons, for a variety of historic patterns, of the rest of the intelligence that was gers them unnecessarily. that part of the world is producing the done, we made one very fundamental I yield the floor. principal challenge to peace every- and, in retrospect, stupid mistake. In The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- where. all of the training of our troops in ad- ator from Utah is recognized. Europeans feel more secure than they vance of the Normandy invasion, we as- Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I have ever felt in their lives, and per- sumed that the hedgerows between thank the Chair. I understood that it haps accurately and properly so. The fields in France would be the same would go back and forth between Re- Soviet Union is gone. The age-old ri- height as the hedgerows between fields publicans and Democrats. valries between the Germans and the in Great Britain. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- French and the other principalities in So as we trained in Great Britain, we ator is correct. Europe are over. They are striving to trained with hedgerows that were Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I take write a European constitution and about knee height and then found our- the floor to make a few personal obser- bring themselves together in a legiti- selves in France with hedgerows that vations. I don’t want to revisit all of mate economic way. They feel more se- were almost as high as a building. It the arguments that have been made cure after centuries of war than they completely disrupted all of our tank over and over again. But I do want to have ever felt in their lives. They are assaults and plans because as a tank make a few statements just for the no longer the target. We are. They are would try to go up and over one of record. I want to make it very clear, no longer the focus of those who would those hedgerows, it would be vulner- speaking for myself—and I think for bring instability to the world. We are. able to fire from the other side. They other Members of the Senate, but they And we saw that happen in dramatic could hit the underbelly of the tank be- can speak for themselves—that I have fashion on September 11, 2001. cause its tracks were exposed and the never challenged the patriotism, the The President has said there is no base of the tank itself was exposed and motives, or the rights of any Senator connection between what happened on an artillery shell could take it out in- who has disagreed with the President September 11, 2001, and Iraq, and that stantly. on this vote. is true, and the President never It was improvisation on the field I have utmost respect for the senior claimed such a connection. But there is from a GI who used to work on a farm Senator from West Virginia. I have an overall connection in the sense that who helped create what would be a watched him serve for many years. I those warriors for their cause who at- version of a snowplow on the front of a watched him serve while I was a staff tacked us on September 11, 2001, came tank to drive the tank through the member for my father. He and my fa- out of an area and a culture and an at- hedgerow. An incredible intelligence ther served together in this body for titude that exist in the Middle East mistake of something as simple as many years. I would never, under any that must be addressed in the Middle that, and they could have determined circumstances, suggest that I was chal- East, even if there are no direct links, that if they could have found a French lenging his patriotism in any way. I do even if there was no direct funding, farmer to talk to. think he is profoundly wrong in the de- even if there was not a case that a law Did this Chamber ring with accusa- cision he has made with respect to this enforcement official could make in a tions that President Roosevelt had lied war. But I recognize that he has every court of law. to the American people about our plan right to make that decision. He has We must recognize the significance of in Normandy? Were there denuncia- every right to defend that decision in the Middle East as the source of insta- tions of General Marshall or General

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.097 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12827 Eisenhower because they made that in- Mr. BENNETT. I would be happy to people, but we also have to care about telligence error? Some would say the yield. the people here. We also have to worry analogy doesn’t hold, and certainly Mr. LAUTENBERG. Does the Senator about the schools here that are crum- there are many aspects of it that do know how much longer his remarks bling, schools where it is hard to learn. not, but the point I think is legitimate. will be? I ask simply because I follow We also have to understand that when The intelligence failures that we now the Senator and I have an airplane to we say Leave No Child Behind, we know occurred with respect to Iraq catch. It would be helpful if I could get mean all the children, and we need were not deliberate lies. The intel- an estimate. more funding to do that. That has to be ligence failures that have accompanied Mr. BENNETT. I am glad to have the paid for. We do not seem to have the every American military action are the Senator tell me of his schedule and I funds for that. best efforts of human beings doing the shall cut it as short as I possibly can, Thank goodness we have Social Secu- best they can under pressure and al- because I do not want to disconcert the rity surpluses we can borrow from— ways making mistakes. Senator in any way. money we can take from the senior What matters is the overall world Mr. LAUTENBERG. Not at all. When citizens, those who are here now and view and strategic direction, and, as I I served in Normandy, I saw a lot of those in the future. So we borrow said, I believe George W. Bush has the things the Senator is talking about. It money from one place and then we lend right strategic direction. He recognizes is very interesting. or give that money to another place, to that the instability in the world is Mr. BENNETT. No, I do not need to Iraq, to make sure they have schools coming from the Middle East; that we go on further because it has all been and garbage trucks. And I do not mean must do everything we can to deal with said. to diminish that. I think it is impor- those characters who are responsible I will conclude. tant to show we care about those peo- for that instability. And he made the Mistakes have been made. I think ple, but we ought to be a little more in- decision that one of those characters both sides can admit that and should ventive in the way we do it. We ought was Saddam Hussein. recognize that. People have been of- to be able to find the kind of support I cannot believe anyone can look fended by the administration on both we need, true support, in the United back on it and say that particular deci- sides of the aisle. I think we can recog- Nations which we scorned so much as sion was the wrong one. As I have said nize that and admit that. we were preparing to go to war. here before, one of the first people who The fundamental question to me is I was a supporter of the war, so I cast alerted me to Saddam Hussein and his whether the overall direction in which a vote I feel very good about. I thought capacity to spread instability through- the President is trying to take the very carefully about it. I wore a uni- out the world was Madeleine Albright, country is the right one. As I study his- form, as I said before. I wore it during Secretary of State, as we met with her tory and as I listen to the reports that the ‘‘Big War.’’ I enlisted at the end of in S–407 and heard her outline the de- come back from Iraq, as I talk to the 1942 and got out in 1946. I am very at- scription of weapons of mass destruc- people in Utah who are serving there— tached to the military and the respon- tion that were in Iraq. We heard her we have a higher percentage of our sibility they have. Well, the vote has been cast and boss, the President of the United Armed Forces who are Reserve and shortly, we will be distributing a total States, President Clinton, do the same Guard in Iraq than any other State—I of $87 billion for reconstruction aid and thing in public fora. am convinced the President is right in for the resources our military men and Was there any reason to believe they his overall direction. Whatever course corrections need to be made we can women need. were for any purpose trying to mislead Mrs. CLINTON. Mr. President, we talk about, but when all is said and the American people? We might say have had a busy week as we have con- done, this President has done the right they were wrong based on what we now sidered the $87 billion request from the thing. know, but they were wrong, if they administration. There has been a great I am proud to have voted to give him were, because of the fog of uncertainty deal of debate. A number of amend- the authority in the first instance, and over the intelligence reports all of us ments and senses of the Senate have I am proud to be one of the 87 Senators had. They made the best judgments been voted on. In the end, we were they could make on the basis of the today who have voted to give him the faced with the difficult choice as to best information they had, and then continuing support he requires. whether we would or would not support I yield the floor. they moved ahead. President Bush did this request by the administration. exactly the same thing. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- I have the greatest respect for my There are those who say he has ator from New Jersey. colleagues who voted against this $87 squandered our good will in the world. Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I billion. I listened with great interest Everybody loved us after September 11. thank the Senator from Utah for his and attention to my friend and col- cooperation. I am sorry to interrupt. There were demonstrations in the league, Senator LEAHY, as he laid out a streets in Europe, demonstrations of He did just what the order called for compelling argument with a number of support, demonstrations of sympathy. and I respect that. points concerning the reasons why he How long would those demonstrations I have a couple of things to talk voted against the request for $87 bil- have nourished our position if indeed about and I will try not to be too long. lion. we had done nothing following Sep- One of the things I want to talk about I know, from having heard the brief tember 11? is the very important vote we just had. remarks of the Senator from Florida, Oh, it is all right to do something as I was one of a very small group to have that in a few minutes we will hear his long as everybody is with you. It is all voted against the supplemental appro- usual thoughtful exposition as to why right to do something as long as every- priations bill for Iraq. I want to make he, too, voted against the $87 billion. body agrees. Well, it seemed to me the sure my vote is clearly understood. I I think it is imperative we all agree United Nations agreed. Fifteen to noth- support taking care of our military, that, whichever way one of us voted, ing strikes me as a fairly definite vote making sure their conditions are as for or against this funding, all of us are in the Security Council for resolution comfortable as they can be under dif- united in our support for our brave 1441. ficult circumstances, making sure they men and women who are literally risk- Then when the United States said, all have the latest in weaponry, and that ing, and all too tragically losing, their right, resolution 1441 is not being com- they are treated fairly and they receive lives on a daily basis in Iraq. plied with, resolution 1441 says if it is medical care and their health care is This was a very difficult vote for not complied with, there will be serious the best we can offer. I was prepared to many of us. There are those of us, such consequences—serious consequences is vote for that $67 billion in a flash, but as myself, who voted to give the Presi- U.N. speak for war—how about it, U.N.? that was not the only thing we voted dent authority. We disagree with the Oh, no, no, said members of the Secu- on. We also voted on extending $20 bil- way he used that authority. We have rity Council. lion to Iraq for reconstruction. many questions, and still most are un- Mr. LAUTENBERG. Will the Senator I think it is a noble effort we are answered, about the choices the Presi- yield for a question? making to show we care about other dent and his team have made over the

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:40 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.103 S17PT1 S12828 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 last year. But the idea of giving our I think there would be considerable quickly, that the oil would be flowing. President authority to act in the glob- understanding on the part not just of It sounded fabulous. But that is what it al war against terrorism, if necessary Members of Congress but of the Amer- turned out to be, a fabulous fantasy. in his opinion, against Saddam Hus- ican public if leading members of the It is hard for me to really understand sein, was one I could support and I did administration would now come for- how this administration, led by many— so. In the last year, however, I have ward and say: You know, we may have from the Vice President to the Sec- been first perplexed, then surprised, gotten overly invested in the intel- retary of Defense to others who have then amazed, and even outraged and al- ligence. We may have gotten a little been committed to overturning the re- ways frustrated by the implementation ahead of the game. We may have seen gime of Saddam Hussein since they of the authority given the President by more than there was, and we perhaps made the mistake of not going to this Congress. said a few things and made some Baghdad in the first gulf war—could be One can agree on the goal that was claims that we can’t support—whether so ill prepared. How on Earth? These adopted in 1998 for regime change. I, for it is uranium in Niger or links with al- people have spent 10 years obsessing one, am in the camp that believes the Qaida by Saddam Hussein—but the fun- over Saddam Hussein and Iraq. One world is better off without Saddam damental fact remains that this man would think they knew what they Hussein at the helm of a dangerous, ty- posed a threat to his neighbors. There would do when they arrived. rannical regime. But it is not enough is no doubt in anyone’s mind—because They would not answer our ques- to say you support the goal. There are we had already seen him use it—that tions, and all too often they would pun- many different obstacles and difficul- he would have employed weapons of ish representatives of our civilian and ties and choices on the way to achiev- mass destruction at some future date. military leadership who did answer the ing that goal that have both intended Although we may have gone a little too questions—most famously General and unintended consequences. far, we believe we made the right deci- Shinseki who told the truth about the A number of my colleagues have ad- sion. numbers of troops it would take, and dressed the concerns arising out of the But you do not hear that from this the number of years it would take, and use and misuse of intelligence. I, for administration. This administration was largely ignored or pilloried by this one, have said repeatedly the intel- never makes a mistake, in their own administration. How could they not ligence about the threat posed by Sad- eyes. They are never willing to back have been prepared? How could they dam Hussein had been consistent—con- off. They have the Vice President still have turned their backs on the most sistent through three administrations: going on national television shows re- obvious kinds of planning? the first Bush administration, the Clin- peating discredited intelligence. That I know for a fact there were many ton administration, and now this ad- is not free. That is costly. That sends a from previous Republican administra- ministration. signal not just to those of us who serve tions who came in over and over again There was a consensus there had been and vote in this body, not just to the and said: You are going to face a and were continuing to be programs de- American public, but to the entire looting problem; You don’t have voted to the creation of weapons of world that either there is an unwilling- enough troops for that; We have to be mass destruction. We certainly knew, ness to accept the evidence and the sure we can secure not just a couple of as the world saw, that this man had no facts or there is a commitment on an facilities but we need the troops to se- compunction about using them. ideological basis to a world view or a cure a number of the most important Nevertheless, I think it is clear, and point of view that is wrong. institutions—somehow they were not it is not just a mistake, it is not just a Time and time again, the administra- hurt, to say nothing of those from wrong assessment—I think now it is tion has had the opportunity to level former Democratic administrations clear that, for a combination of rea- with the American people. Unfortu- who offered the same advice. sons, the administration gilded the nately, they haven’t been willing to do We have the President land on the lily, engaged in hyperbole, took what- that. aircraft carrier, We have him declare ever small nugget of intelligence that Among the many questions that I the end to major conflict, and here we existed and blew it up into a mountain, and others raised and the many criti- are months later losing on average a in order, I suppose, to make the case cisms we lodged against the use of the soldier a day, seeing the maiming and more strongly and convincingly to the authority, which I and the majority of disabling of hundreds more, being American people. But at what a cost? this body voted for, was the adminis- asked to spend, last spring, $70 billion The cost of our credibility, the cost of tration’s aborting of the United Na- in a supplemental to sustain our mili- our national leadership, and even more tions process and the inspections re- tary function and now being asked to so the cost of perhaps not being able to gime in order to launch military ac- spend $87 billion, $67 billion, approxi- take actions in the future that are nec- tion. mately, for our military and $20 billion essary to our well-being and our inter- There was never any doubt in any- for necessary functions on recon- ests because we may look like the na- one’s mind with any knowledge of the structing Iraq. tion or at least the administration that American military what the outcome Given the level of criticism that I cried wolf. It is a big price to pay. would be. I, for one, knew there was no and others feel about this venture and Yet continually, rather than saying worry whatsoever; that we have the its failure, it is hard not to see this $87 what I think all of us would agree, the finest equipped, trained, and motivated billion as anything but a bill for failed consensus turned out not to be right. military probably in the history of the leadership. Yet I, for one, believe this There were some, such as my good world, and they would do the mission mission in Iraq is too important for friend from Florida, who at the time they were assigned. So they did. failure. If we do not stabilize Iraq, if we was serving as the chairman of the In- But all during the period from the do not protect our forces, if we do not telligence Committee and was in a po- voting on the authority to the end of clearly send a signal to the Iraqi people sition to see all the different inter- organized major conflict, we kept ask- who are and certainly will be better off locking facts, who said: Wait a minute. ing questions: What are the plans once because of the removal of Saddam Hus- We are heading off in the wrong direc- we know the military does the job it is sein, we will not just have failed in this tion. We are jumping on the wrong sent to do? How many troops will we mission, we will have undermined our horse. need? How long will they be there? long-term stability and we will cer- But for many of us, looking at the in- What will this cost us in lives and tainly have created a more dangerous telligence, being briefed continually treasure? Over and over, the answer we world despite our efforts to avoid that. about what the threats were, being told received from the administration was: I understand very clearly the anger by the highest levels of our Govern- We are ready; we are prepared. And of- and frustration my constituents and ment in public and in private that we tentimes it came with an almost em- Americans across the country feel were facing an imminent threat, it cer- barrassingly romantic view of this con- about this $87 billion. I share it. It is tainly seemed like a bet on which no- flict—that we would be met by cheer- really hard to vote for this money. It is body—at least speaking for myself— ing and rose petals thrown in the hard because you wonder what is going wished to be on the wrong side. streets, that we would be in and out to actually be accomplished with it

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:44 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.106 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12829 given the poor track record of this ad- Many will no longer be able to support lose and the issues we confront in try- ministration. You wonder how you can this administration if they do not start ing to stabilize and build Iraq. It is justify it in the face of the irrespon- listening, occasionally even admitting about whether this administration can sible fiscal policies of this administra- when they make a mistake that has repair the trust it has lost with the tion that has undermined our present life-and-death consequences, reining in American people. I hope it can because obligations and our long-term eco- their most rabid neocon ideologues I don’t think it is in anyone’s interest nomic security. You wonder how you when they try to ‘‘out’’ CIA operatives to have the President of the United can possibly support this request when or continue to claim nonexistent links States and his top team viewed as hav- you know you don’t get the straight between the global war on al-Qaida and ing misled our Nation and having story out of this administration time everything else that happens in the alienated the rest of the world. and time again. Yet, at the same time, world. We are in for a long-term battle in I hope the administration under- it is hard to walk away now. In fact, I the war against terrorism. I take it stands the level of frustration and don’t think we can. very seriously. We have determined anger that is out there. It is not just Yes, we have not found the weapons and ruthless adversaries out to destroy Democratic frustration and anger, it is of mass destruction, but we are there. our way of life, inflict violence on as not just partisan, it is across the board, No, we do not really have any links be- many Americans as possible. I take a tween al-Qaida and Saddam Hussein to people wondering: Where are we going? How will we even know when we get back seat to no one in my resolve to be proven, but we are there. We have root out and destroy global terrorism. not stabilized the country and we have there? Did we take on this incredible responsibility under false pretenses? My question is, What is the right way not even secured the weapon caches all to do it? And how do we prepare the over the country, but we are there. It is I hope the administration will build on the vote in the United Nations that American people to stay the course for just hard to accept that we are there what will be a long, protracted strug- without an adequate plan and under- gives us at least the opportunity of lessening the burden and the costs by gle? standing of what it will take to be suc- sharing it with others who should also I worry deeply that this administra- cessful. tion is undermining both our ability to The fact that the administration pur- have a stake in a free and functioning win the global war on terrorism and posely left the impression that there Iraq. I hope the administration will the trust that is needed to keep the would be a quick victory and our change course when it comes to work- American people committed. troops would be home in no time is ing with the rest of the world and start very hard to accept for a lot of the hus- acting more like allies instead of bul- So I cast a vote for this supplemental bands and wives and mothers and fa- lies. We cannot keep on this path and for our troops and for the work that thers and sons and daughters of the sustain the support of the American has to be done in Iraq. But I cannot en- people serving. We have all read the people. That is my most important dorse this administration’s plans and story today from the interviews done point. policies very much longer if they do I have had the great privilege of not by Stars and Stripes, the newspaper of not recognize the reality of what we just traveling around the country but the Army, reporting in great detail confront, not just in Iraq but elsewhere spending a lot of time in every State in about the questions and concerns and in the world and here at home. our Nation. Now I have the great honor The administration has forced false poor morale of many of our soldiers of representing the most diverse place choices on this Congress and our coun- and other forces in Iraq. in America, the State of New York. I understand completely why people try. It is very difficult for me, having Americans are not only patriotic in the are frustrated and angry, but I don’t represented New York during the hor- best sense of the word but they are so think we can allow our frustration and rors of 9/11, to realize that we had the compassionate and caring about other anger with the administration to un- will and good wishes and support of the people. What other country would free dermine our commitment to our coun- a people from tyranny and then reach rest of the world and we have dis- try and our national security. into their own pockets to help build sipated that. We desperately need it in So what is it we are called upon to schools and hospitals and roads and fix this war against terrorism. do? For me, the choice as a member of the electric grid? Americans do not be- This may be reported as a resounding the Armed Services Committee was to grudge that. But they want to feel they victory for the administration—a large support the money for our troops, won- know where we are headed, that their vote—but I do not think it was. I think dering, though, as I did, why so many Government is leveling with them. this was, first of all, a vote for our of them still do not have the body They also wonder and ask me, How troops, a vote to continue to provide armor they should have to protect come we are spending $5 billion to fix the funding they need to protect them- themselves against Iraqi attacks and the electric grid in Iraq and we have selves and to fulfill their mission. It hoping they will shortly. We certainly not spent any money to fix our electric was a vote to take responsibility for put enough money into the defense grid in the United States? We are what does need to be done in Iraq. budget in the last 21⁄2 years to at least building schools and we have schools There is not, in my view, any doubt equip every one of our soldiers with falling down here. We are building hos- about that. adequate body armor. pitals and we have hospitals under all But the debate in this body, and the I also know that we do have to work kinds of pressures here. Those are to- frustration, and even anger across the to help reconstruct Iraq. We are the tally legitimate questions. They will country shows clearly that it was not a only people who can and will, in part not go away. vote of confidence in the administra- because the administration has alien- One of the greatest issues for us to tion’s leadership. That needs to be won ated those who would have been our address is how we will provide for the back by their actions going forward. natural allies. It is frustrating for needs of the American people while we And it is essential that they attempt many, but I don’t think we can at this spend this money abroad. Americans to do so. point fail to pay this bill of $87 billion will stay with you, Americans will be We cannot fail in Iraq. We cannot fail for failed leadership. with you and support you, if they un- in the war against terrorism. Ulti- We have to put the administration on derstand where we are headed and why notice that this vote, 87 to 12, was a it is important to our future. mately, we must not fail our own peo- vote for our troops, a vote for our mis- On that count, this administration is ple. The American people deserve bet- sion. Speaking as one of those who cast losing the confidence of the American ter. I hope the administration recog- a yea vote, it was not a vote for our na- people even though the mission we face nizes and accepts that. tional leadership. We not only can but in Iraq is essential, in my view, to the The last 2 years that I have had the should expect more than we have been long-term safety and security of our privilege to serve in this body have given. country and the leadership America been very emotional ones—the attacks While we confront the reality of our should provide to the world. of 9/11; the military action in Afghani- present situation in Iraq, we cannot This is not just about money. It is stan; the action in Iraq; the destruc- find ourselves in this position again. not even, tragically, about the lives we tion of our budget surplus and plunging

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:44 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.125 S17PT1 S12830 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 our Nation into huge deficits and bur- quagmire that our policy has created cal or nuclear weapons from threatening the geoning national debt; the under- in Iraq. We need to refocus our foreign United States and the world. mining of the future, in my view, of policy on the greatest threat facing Frankly, I did not offer my amend- this generation. Americans at home and U.S. interests ment, although I thought it would have I come not as a partisan but as an abroad: the networks of international provided the legal basis for the Presi- American to say, we have to do better. terrorism. We must restart the war on dent’s objectives to be accomplished, I hope this administration will do so. terrorism, which has effectively been because I knew my amendment would Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the in abeyance since this administration fail. It would fail because a coalition floor. shifted our military and intelligence from the right, which has elevated the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- resources from Afghanistan to Iraq in war on Iraq over the war on terrorism ator from Florida. the spring of 2002. and now is attempting to confuse the Mr. GRAHAM of Florida. Thank you, As I have said previously, that shift difference between these two, with a Mr. President. was misguided. We have allowed al- coalition from the left which opposes Mr. President, I rise this evening to Qaida to regenerate. We have allowed any increase in President Bush’s au- elaborate on my vote against the $87 other terrorist networks—Hezbollah, thority to use U.S. military force. So I billion supplemental appropriations for Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad—to did not offer the amendment. But I will the occupation and rebuilding of Iraq continue their devious plotting against remain true to my convictions, as I and Afghanistan. us and our allies. voted no on this supplemental appro- This supplemental appropriation We still have not caught al-Qaida’s priations bill. raises significant domestic issues for and the Taliban’s senior leaders, in- I know a vote against this bill will be the United States as well as the funda- cluding Osama bin Laden and Mullah described as a vote against our troops. mental question of what will be re- Omar. We are witnessing a resurgence I would say, however, the best way to quired for an honorable completion of of the Taliban in Afghanistan. Inter- support our troops is to get other sol- our responsibilities in Iraq and an ex- national terrorists operating from the diers from other nations into Iraq. peditious exit. sanctuary of Syria are now targeting First, we need troops from other na- The domestic issues include an enor- United States citizens. As a result, we tions as an addition to the presence of mous addition to our national debt. have again been forced to endure bomb- military force in Iraq to increase secu- This year’s deficit is now estimated to ings and significant loss of life in Ri- rity and, hopefully, end the shooting surpass last year’s record-setting def- yadh, Israel, the Gaza Strip, and else- gallery which we have forced our brave icit of $455 billion. With this additional where. men and women to endure. I would sug- $87 billion, we are imposing another Last October, I voted against the res- gest an additional 50,000 troops are crushing burden on our children and olution authorizing the use of force needed to secure the peace. grandchildren while assuring that we against Saddam Hussein’s regime. I ar- Second, we need to get additional for- will escape most of the cost. gued at the time that there was no eign troops on the ground to substitute The President, with our concurrence, question that Saddam Hussein was for American troops so our soldiers, has avoided any sacrifice by most anything other than an evil man but, our men and women who have been en- Americans, including the sacrifice of further, that he lived in a neighbor- during long deployments in hot, dan- paying for the occupation and recon- hood with many evil men and women gerous conditions, can begin to rotate struction of Iraq. This is in sharp con- and that we needed to remain focused home. These additional foreign troops trast with previous occupations and re- on the war on terrorism in order to should number between 50,000 and constructions such as the Marshall deter additional attacks, such as the 100,000. plan. tragedy our Nation suffered on Sep- Secretary Powell’s efforts at the The Marshall plan, from 1948 to 1952, tember 11, 2001. was paid for by the generation of In fact, I offered an amendment to United Nations resulted yesterday in a Americans who were in this country the Iraqi resolution to expand the unanimous vote by the Security Coun- through the period at the end of the President’s authority to use force cil. But that vote was immediately fol- Second World War. In fact, the na- against al-Qaida to include five other lowed by firm statements from the tional debt—that debt owed to the pub- terrorist networks that pose imme- French, the Germans, the Pakistanis, lic—actually was lower in 1952 than it diate threats to America. the Russians, and others that they will was in 1948. In the rush to war in Iraq, the not lend additional troops or financial But today the only Americans who amendment failed. I am tempted to aid to the occupation and reconstruc- are being asked to sacrifice are our offer that amendment again to empha- tion of Iraq. The fact that the Security brave men and women in uniform and size we need to disengage from Iraq as Council passed a resolution is com- their families, and our children and quickly as we can honorably do so and mendable, but not one of the 100,000 to grandchildren who will eventually be to restart the war on terrorism, a war 150,000 foreign troops needed to secure called upon to pay this crushing debt. against our real enemies, not those Iraq and relieve our troops has been A second domestic reality is that with phantom weapons of mass de- provided. while American roads, bridges, schools, struction. Without commitments of troops and water and sewer lines, and electric I say: Let us take President Bush at Euros and rubles and rupees, there will grids are deteriorating, there will be his word, at least the words he uttered be no additional protection or burden- scant Federal funding to contribute to 9 days after the tragedy of September sharing for U.S. troops who are on the their reconstruction because we are 11, when he told a joint session of Con- ground in Iraq. making the decision that it is more im- gress: I warn my colleagues, I have detected portant to rebuild Iraq. And we are Our war on terror begins with al-Qaida but two clocks ticking on our almost uni- making the decision to do it alone. it does not end there. lateral occupation of Iraq. The first In spite of my great concern about It will not end until every terrorist group clock is the increasing reluctance of those domestic implications, I would of global reach has been found, stopped and other countries, countries which are be prepared to vote for the $87 billion defeated. capable of doing so, to participate in of unpaid funds in this supplemental In his State of the Union speech on the occupation and rebuilding of Iraq. appropriations bill if I had been satis- January 29, 2002, President Bush re- If the United States had requested im- fied that it would achieve the goal of stated our priority: mediately after the war that these an honorable and expeditious exit from Our Nation will continue to be steadfast countries participate and did so under Iraq. However, it is my assessment and patient and persistent in the pursuit of respectful conditions, it is quite likely that it will not do so. Rather, it could two great objectives. we would have significant support on First, we will shut down terrorist camps, well extend our Iraq occupation into a disrupt terrorist plans, and bring terrorists the ground in Iraq tonight. However, 21st century sequel to Vietnam. to justice. almost 6 months later, as the violence It is my firmly held belief that we And, second, we must prevent the terror- and the cost of occupation and restora- need to extricate ourselves from the ists and regimes who seek chemical, biologi- tion in Iraq accelerates, those nations

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:44 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.128 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12831 capable of sharing the burden and will- while 48 percent said it was ‘‘low’’ or ‘‘very ‘‘Of course, when confronted by reporters, ing to do so have shrunk. On the cur- low.’’ we’re going to voice our opinions about our rent course their number may evapo- Among Marines, the next largest group, 44 situation. Unfortunately, some people like to percent said their morale was ‘‘high’’ or complain about how they live or what they rate. ‘‘very high,’’ and only 14 percent said it was don’t have. The complaint concerning mo- The second clock has been the declin- ‘‘low’’ or ‘‘very low.’’ rale is the voice of the minority, not the ma- ing support of the American people, as Among airmen, the smallest of the four jority.’’ evidenced by recent polls. The decline major groups surveyed because fewer ques- In the Stripes survey, troops consistently has steepened since the President’s re- tionnaires were allowed to be circulated to rated their unit’s morale as lower than their quest for this supplemental spending them, the results were also very positive. own. John Kay, marketing director for the bill was announced during a televised Thirty-nine percent said their morale was Army Research Institute, said, ‘‘Soldiers al- ‘‘high’’ or ‘‘very high,’’ and only 6 percent ways rate self [personal] morale higher than address on Sunday, September 7, of said it was ‘‘low’’ or ‘‘very low.’’ unit morale. This is nothing new.’’ this year. Here are the poll numbers. Very few Navy servicemembers could be Troops may wish to report what they per- When Americans were asked, do you found to question in Iraq. ceive as the true morale situation without approve of the President’s policy in The questionnaire findings can’t be pro- getting themselves into trouble, a way of Iraq, as recently as April, 75 percent of jected to all the servicemembers in Iraq. saying, ‘‘I’m OK, but the unit’s not.’’ Americans answered yes. By June, that Still, the reporting of ‘‘lows’’ among the two Some of the gap can also be the result of largest groups surveyed, Army and Reserve/ hearing other troops complain, compounding 75 percent had declined to 67 percent. National Guard, seemed significant. The the impression that unit morale is low, even From the latest poll, which was pub- views of these troops, at least, appeared to if each complainer believes his or her own lished on October 14, just 50 percent of contrast sharply with those of the visiting morale is better. Americans said they approved of the VIPs. ‘‘Both are true,’’ said Charles Moskos, a President’s policy in Iraq. Clearly, the Respondents to the survey were not given military sociologist with Northwestern Uni- American people are not willing to a definition of morale. They responded ac- versity. cording to what they interpreted the word to The military studies morale regularly, but write a blank check for rebuilding Iraq mean. Some believe morale reflects the de- ‘‘the further you go up the chain in the offi- when we have so many unmet needs gree of well-being felt by the servicemember. cer corps, the reality of day-to-day morale here at home, when the cost of that oc- On the other hand, commanders say that in cannot register completely,’’ said Lt. Col. cupation has been so great in terms of measuring morale, they want to know if the Daniel Smith, retired chief of research for loss of life and American dollars. servicemember is following orders and get- the Center for Defense Information. ‘‘Where- A component of this second ticking ting the job done. as when you talk to the platoon sergeants, clock is the ominous state of morale Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez, the top U.S. offi- platoon leaders and even company com- cer in Iraq, said that low morale isn’t an among our troops in Iraq, as found in a manders, you get a better sense of the true issue because troops are fulfilling the mis- state of affairs. Do the weapons work? Are nonscientific survey conducted by the sion. they getting hot meals? Are they getting military newspaper, Stars and Stripes. ‘‘Morale is . . . not necessarily giving them enough rest? Are their leaders competent This survey demonstrated that fully Baskin-Robbins,’’ he said in a Stars and and not taking unnecessary risks?’’ a third of regular Army troops de- Stripes interview. ‘‘Sometimes it’s being Unlike some officials who have visited scribed their morale as either low or able to train them hard and keep them fo- Iraq, Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld, very low. Among reservists and Na- cused in a combat environment so they can during a September stop in Iraq, spoke not survive. about morale per se, but about the impor- tional Guard members, 48 percent, al- ‘‘So as its most fundamental level within tance of the mission and about sacrifice. most half, described their morale as our Army, taking care of soldiers and their ‘‘You’re people . . . who weren’t drafted, low or very low. morale could have very few worldly com- you weren’t conscripted, you searched your I ask unanimous consent to print a forts. But the morale of the soldier is good. souls and decided that you wanted to step copy of an article from the October 16 He’s being taken care of, he’s accomplishing forward and serve your country,’’ he told the issue of Stars and Stripes in the his mission, he’s being successful in the 4th Infantry Division, according to a Pen- tagon transcript. RECORD. warfighting.’’ Other military leaders say they are always Another speech to air assault soldiers of There being no objection, the mate- looking at ways to improve the morale of the 101st Airborne division echoed the senti- rial was ordered to be printed in the their troops. ‘‘Morale begins with caring ment: RECORD, as follows: leaders looking their soldiers in the eye,’’ ‘‘The important thing I would also add is [From the Stars and Stripes, Oct. 16, 2003] said Lt. Col. Jim Cassella, a Pentagon that every one of you is a volunteer. You all asked to do this, and that is impressive and IN SURVEY, MANY IN IRAQ CALL MORALE LOW; spokesman. ‘‘When senior leaders visit the it’s appreciated.’’ LEADERS SAY JOB IS GETTING DONE troops in Iraq, they relate that the troops tell them that moral is good, a fact that’s (By Ward Sanderson) Mr. GRAHAM of Florida. At this backed up by re-enlistment and retention What is the morale of U.S. troops in Iraq? stage we have two options in the con- rates.’’ flict that has engulfed us in Iraq. We Answers vary. High-ranking visitors to the (These rates have been acceptable or good country, including Department of Defense for the services overall. Figures for re-enlist- can continue to carry on unilaterally, and congressional officials, have said it is ments in Iraq are not available yet, officials which is the course we have taken, a outstanding. said. In the Stripes survey, half or more re- course which, in my judgment, will be Some troops on the ground have begged to spondents from the Army, Marines and Re- continued through this $87 billion sup- differ, writing to Stars and Stripes and to serves said they were unlikely to stay in the plemental appropriation; or, second, to others about what they call low morale on service. Officials say reenlistments normally the maximum degree possible, pursue a their part and on the part of their units. drop after conflicts.) real internationalization of the occupa- There was a correlation between such Cassella said that leaders visiting Iraq things as local services and release dates on seek out the opinions of troops. Some say tion and reconstruction of Iraq, a shar- the one hand, and morale on the other. the views expressed may be distorted as a re- ing of the burden of blood and treasure Stars and Stripes sent a team of reporters sult of the nature of the get-togethers, ‘‘dog and responsibility for decisionmaking to Iraq to try to ascertain the states of both and pony shows,’’ in the words of combat en- while also including a central role for conditions and morale. Troops were asked gineer Pfc. Roger Hunsaker. Iraqis in determining the future of about morale, among many other issues, in a ‘‘When congressional delegations came their country. 17-point questionnaire, which was filled out through,’’ said one 36-year-old artillery mas- Of these two options, the second, the and returned by nearly 2,000 persons. ter sergeant who asked not to be identified, commitment to real internationaliza- The results varied, sometimes dramati- commanders ‘‘hand-picked the soldiers who cally: would go. They stacked the deck.’’ tion, has significantly more potential Among the largest group surveyed, Army Others on the ground in Iraq think top to get us out of Iraq as honorably and troops, the results looked much like a bell leaders are right more times than they are as expeditiously as possible. If we do curve. Twenty-seven percent said their per- given credit for. not change from our current unilateral sonal morale was ‘‘high’’ or ‘‘very high.’’ ‘‘I heard that reports/politicians were try- course, we will continue to bear the Thirty-three percent said it was ‘‘low’’ or ing to say morale was down out here,’’ Petty unilateral burdens alone: One soldier ‘‘very low.’’ The largest percentage fell in Officer Matthew W. Early wrote on his ques- killed per day, 10 soldiers maimed per the middle, saying it was ‘‘average.’’ tionnaire at Camp Get Some in southern Among the second largest group, reservists Iraq. ‘‘What do people back home expect us day, an increasing cost of occupation. and National Guard members, the differences to feel after a war? Are we supposed to be as Last year the occupation cost $1 billion were much starker. Only 15 percent said happy here as we are with our friends and a week. Under the supplemental appro- their own morale was ‘‘high’’ or ‘‘very high,’’ families back home? Hell no. priation we have just voted, it will now

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:44 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.131 S17PT1 S12832 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 be $1.3 billion a week. The total cost of especially, not only to get the money I believe that Government’s first reconstruction, including the funds we to our troops as soon as possible and to duty is to defend its citizens, to defend have just voted, through September 30 rebuild the civilian infrastructure in them against the harms that come out of next year will be almost $25 billion. Iraq as soon as possible but also be- of hate. The Local Law Enforcement This administration has avoided an- cause of the donor conference in Ma- Enhancement Act is a symbol that can swering the question: How much will drid next week. become substance. I believe that by we spend before we exit Iraq? The President, indeed, has made a passing this legislation and changing As a result, I am concerned that this strong stand for freedom and democ- current law, we can change hearts and $87 billion supplemental appropriation racy in Iraq, as well as Afghanistan, minds as well. is in essence a blank check for the and he has taken forceful action f President’s failed policy. It will remove against brutality and terrorism in the DISARMING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE a substantial portion of the pressure region, and by doing so has made ABUSERS for real progress in the internation- America safer and our citizens more se- alization of the occupation and recon- cure. Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, last week struction efforts directed at Iraq. Pas- Indeed, we are at war in Afghanistan the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun sage of this supplemental spending bill as well as Iraq. The funds in this legis- Violence United, with the Million Mom will remove the incentive for this ad- lation provide both the direct support March, released a report entitled ‘‘Dis- ministration to negotiate. for our soldiers, as well as an invest- arming Domestic Violence Abusers.’’ Mr. President, the reality is that it is ment in creating a safer environment This report provides a guide for closing only through significant international in the countries where they serve. The loopholes in State gun laws that allow troops and money, only with signifi- legislation will make them safer and, domestic violence abusers to purchase cant decision sharing by the United in all likelihood, will get them home or possess firearms and offers Congress States with those foreign countries sooner. some insight into how to help our that our Nation has any reasonable ex- I also want to take this opportunity States effectively enforce gun safety laws. pectation of an honorable and expedi- to commend Senator STEVENS for his Under current Federal law, domestic tious exit from Iraq. tremendous leadership on this par- violence abusers subject to restraining This appropriation leads us in the op- ticular legislation, as well as Senator posite direction. We will do it alone. It orders or convicted of domestic vio- WARNER and Senator MCCAIN and Sen- will increase the risk to our brave sol- lence are prohibited from owning guns. ator MCCONNELL, all for their tireless Despite the law, some domestic vio- diers. It will unnecessarily transfer re- efforts to pass this emergency funding lence offenders continue to gain access construction costs to the U.S. tax- request. payer, and it will lengthen the time to firearms. when the United States can honorably f The Brady report proposes a number and expeditiously leave Iraq. MEASURE RETURNED TO THE of ways to keep guns out of the hands Mr. President, I suggest the absence CALENDAR—S. 1689 of domestic violence offenders. Among the suggestions are ensuring that re- of a quorum. Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. The straining orders clearly state that the unanimous consent that the vote on possession of a firearm is prohibited clerk will call the roll. final passage on S. 1689 be vitiated and The legislative clerk proceeded to and that restraining orders be entered that the bill be returned to the cal- call the roll. into state and national databases used Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask endar. to conduct background checks on gun unanimous consent that the order for The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without sales. Further, the report recommends the quorum call be rescinded. objection, it is so ordered. that law enforcement remove firearms The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without f from the scene of domestic violence in- objection, it is so ordered. MORNING BUSINESS cidents. Finally, stopping domestic abusers from buying additional guns f Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask requires background checks on the sale TODAY IN CONGRESS unanimous consent that there now be a of all firearm transfers, including those period for the transaction of morning Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, today has that take place at gun shows. been a very good day in the Senate, as business, with Senators permitted to The deadly combination of domestic well as in the House of Representa- speak for up to 10 minutes each. violence and guns put many women tives, with a strong bipartisan major- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and families at great risk. While Fed- ity vote in both Houses of Congress ap- objection, it is so ordered. eral laws provide a general framework proving the funds necessary to support f to prevent abusers from purchasing or our soldiers and civilians serving in LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ACT possessing firearms, the Federal laws Iraq and to move quickly to stabilize OF 2003 will not be effective in protecting Iraq and Afghanistan. women from armed abusers until every I believe this is a major victory for Mr. SMITH. Mr. President, I rise State enacts complementary laws. I the President of the United States in today to speak about the need for hate urge my colleagues to read the Brady his efforts to bring stability and peace crimes legislation. On May 1, 2003, Sen- Campaign’s report and to support Fed- to Iraq. ator KENNEDY and I introduced the eral efforts that assist States with en- Personally, I am very pleased with Local Law Enforcement Enhancement forcing our Nation’s gun safety laws. Act, a bill that would add new cat- the overwhelming bipartisan support f for the President’s proposal in the Sen- egories to current hate crimes law, ate. When the package was first sent to sending a signal that violence of any NANOTECHNOLOGY the Hill several weeks ago, very few kind is unacceptable in our society. Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, re- thought it possible. We have had to I would like to describe a terrible cently I hosted a luncheon of the make a number of difficult votes and, crime that occurred in Pittsburgh, PA. American Chemical Society on indeed, we worked very late last night, On April 19, 2002, Adam Bishop was nanotechnology. It was a pleasure to be into the early hours of this morning, bludgeoned to death with a claw ham- in the company of so many brilliant completing this bill, now, just several mer by his own brother, Ian Bishop, 14, minds, and those concerned with the hours ago. and alleged accomplice Robert technological and economic future of I am certain the Senate- and House- Laskowski, 15. As several witnesses our Nation. passed bills will allow us that oppor- testified, the killing was because Ian Of all the areas of scientific innova- tunity to negotiate a final legislative thought his brother was gay. The vic- tion being developed today, none is package that, indeed, will give the tim was struck by his brother at least more profound than nanotechnology. President everything he requested. 15 times with the hammer and was The ability to manipulate individual It was important to do. It was impor- moved to various parts of the home be- atoms is unprecedented in human his- tant to complete this legislation today fore he was left to die in a bathtub. tory and could lead to the redesign of

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:44 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.132 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12833 most products we know of today. Some fielder’’ of the Department of Defense on a difficult issues, turn to you knowing that have even said it could lead to the wide range of issues all having to do with you will always give straightforward, ‘‘Second Industrial Revolution.’’ Its transformation, long before the term itself thoughtful, and forthright advice. In this re- became popular. spect, you are in a class by yourself. scope is nothing other than breath- As a marine, Arnold Punaro has literally You stand here today, in our eyes, as a taking. ‘‘done it all’’ . . . Republic of Vietnam com- great Marine. The Corps has benefitted from In the area of national security, bat leader, wounded and decorated, the Ma- your wise advice for many years, through nanotechnology has been identified as rine Corps basic school ‘‘staff protocol offi- both good times and bad times, and we are one of the most important strategic re- cer.’’ Upon leaving active duty, he went into all the better for all you have contributed. search areas. Revolutionary applica- the reserves where he saw active duty in You represent the finest example of the con- tions could include: very lightweight Desert Shield/Desert Storm, and in the Bal- cept of the citizen-soldier by your selfless- but extremely strong armor, vastly kans where he battled the largest snow ness and your dedication to, simply, but re- storm ever to hit Zagreb. He has participated smaller and more powerful computers, lentlessly, trying to do the right thing . . . in the Marine Corps transformation starting regardless of the difficulty or the popularity microscopic sensor systems, and tiny back in 1995 until today. In 1997 he chaired (or lack thereof) of a given position. unmanned vehicles. These could pro- the ‘‘Defense Reform Task Force’’ for Sec- All of us known full well why we are here vide vastly increased capabilities for retary Cohen and produced a document that today, and it is simply for this reason, to our armed forces. Conversely, to fall remains very current. He also participated in honor you, Jan, and your family; to say behind in these new areas will present the Hart-Rudman Commission, and currently thank you for all you have done for all of us; us with a critical security risk. serves on the Secretary of Defense’s newly and to wish you well in all you will do from Unfortunately, the United States is formed Defense Business Board. here on out. There is still much more to be In the public sector, Arnold Punaro started done. no longer the only world leader in his post-active duty life working for Senator Ladies and gentlemen, as you know, ‘‘sem- many areas of nanoscience, as many Sam Nunn, rapidly rising from press sec- per fidelis’’ means ‘‘always faithful.’’ Those countries have recognized its impor- retary to foreign policy/national security words seem awfully appropriate today as we tance and are greatly increasing their legislative assistant on the Senator’s per- honor Major General Arnold Punaro. funding. With stakes this high, we sonal staff, before moving to the Senate Well done, my friend, well done! Armed Services Committee and its leader- must pay close attention to the choices f we make. ship positions as Director for both the Mi- nority and the Majority. The legislation pro- ARABIA MOUNTAIN I understand the stakes and stand duced during his time on the committee was four-square behind public-private ef- Mr. CHAMBLISS. Mr. President, a both historic and transformational. Let’s be mere 20 minutes from the steel and forts to keep America in the lead in clear . . . where we are today in our military nanotechnology. Just as we led the in- has a lot to do with the fact that Arnold concrete economic dynamo that is dustrial revolution, America will lead Punaro was where he was in a very impor- modern Atlanta, you can find a quiet this new scientific revolution for the tant time for each of our services, starting refuge where history and natural beau- benefit of generations to come. with the all-volunteer force and Goldwater- ty still exist side by side. Nickles legislation. I speak of the area around Arabia f Arnold Punaro is currently serving as the Mountain which contains ecosystems RETIREMENT OF MG ARNOLD Director of Reserve Affairs at Headquarters home to endangered species, historic PUNARO Marine Corps. He has been instrumental in bringing the ‘‘Marine for Life Program’’ to structures and archaeological sites. Its Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I was fruition in these past few years, for which I proximity to Atlanta makes it acces- privileged to attend the retirement am sincerely grateful. Marines now can have sible to millions of Americans, but also ceremony of MG Arnold Punaro from a lifelong association with the Corps regard- puts it in danger of urban sprawl. the U.S. Marine Corps on September 19, less of their career pursuits. Always a pas- No strip mall should obliterate the 2003 at the Marine Barracks here in sionate advocate, Arnold Punaro’s well ancient soapstone quarry which at- Washington, DC. General Punaro is known compassion for the lives of soldiers, tracted Native Americans over 5,000 sailors, airmen, and marines and their fami- years ago. Nor should overdevelopment known to many here in the Senate lies defines him in all that he is and cared from his outstanding service of many about. mar Arabia Mountain, the granite years as staff director of the Senate As an adjunct professor (with one bachelor outcropping at the center of the area. Armed Services Committee and on the of science and two masters of arts) at my This region contains much pristine personal staff of Senator Sam Nunn. I alma mater, Georgetown University, for over land, farmland, and the charming town ask unanimous consent that there be ten years he helped mold and shape the of Lithonia. Lithonia, home to many minds of our future leaders on national secu- printed in the RECORD, at this point, fine buildings made of locally quarried rity issues. granite, has a name which means portions of the remarks made at the For all he has done in his short life, Arnold ceremony by Gen. James L. Jones, Su- Punaro has always found time for his family ‘‘stone city.’’ The Arabia Mountain preme Allied Commander, Europe and . . . the son of Angelo and Anina Punaro, area still has a few farms from the days Commander, U.S. European Command. first generation Italian-Americans from when it was the heart of Georgia’s There being no objection, the mate- southern Italy, who watched with great ad- dairy industry, and has remnants of rial was ordered to be printed in the miration as young Arnold grew into man- the 1820s Georgia Gold Rush which pre- RECORD, as follows: hood and became a United States Marine, dated the more famous California Gold going off to war in 1967. Rush by two decades. REMARKS OF GENERAL JAMES L. JONES, SU- His company commander in Vietnam, COL PREME ALLIED COMMANDER, EUROPE AND Jim Van Riper, and his wife Connie, are here If we are serious about preserving COMMANDER, U.S. EUROPEAN COMMAND today to pay tribute to this great American, this irreplaceable history and environ- The real reason we are all here is to pay and we welcome them back to this post ment, we must act to designate Arabia honor to a true patriot who has given so where they served with distinction in the Mountain in DeKalb County as a Na- much of his time and talent to our Nation, early 70’s. We’re all proud of Arnold and Jan tional Heritage Area. This designation and to each of us . . . Major General Arnold and their children, especially as we celebrate will help preserve the endangered and Punaro, United States Marine. the safe return of 1LT Joe Punaro, USMC rare species which live nearby and save We also honor an exceptional family, from Operation Iraqi Freedom where he historic buildings from the wrecking which has supported him through his life in served at the front of Marine lines in the the ‘‘public sector’ of Capitol Hill and in his capture of Baghdad. Joe . . . welcome home, ball. It will also allow the kind of career in the U.S. Marine Corps. Jan Punaro we’re all very proud of you and your Ma- smart development which preserves our stands in no shadow among spouses who de- rines. heritage while allowing the kind of de- serve our eternal gratitude. Her support to Arnold, it is a special honor for me to be velopment which will provide jobs and Arnold, through his ‘‘many’’ simultaneous able to be here today. We’ve known each growth for this beautiful region. careers, has been remarkable. other for 24 years, and for 24 years I’ve been Arabia Mountain and its surrounding Arnold has been a marine since 1968, a per- privileged to have a front row seat which has area are the result of over 400 million sonal staff member for Senator Sam Nunn allowed me to witness your very significant slow years of geological changes. Men for 24 years, a minority and majority staff contributions to our Nation, both in and out director of the Senate Armed Services Com- of uniform. Very simply, you have been and have made an impact for the last 7,000 mittee for a total of 15 years, a member of remain today a special asset, and people who years. All this could be changed forever Georgetown University’s adjunct faculty for make the big decisions, who need the really in another decade or so of uncontrolled ten years, and a most valuable ‘‘utility in- good advice, the thoughtful consideration on growth.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:44 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.043 S17PT1 S12834 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 The need for this action has gen- women were the embodiments of jazz them headed to Texas, where he served erated support from both sides of the and blues singing, and it is inconceiv- in the Army as an intelligence officer aisle, in Georgia, and both houses of able that a greater compliment could during the Korean War. He and his wife Congress. I thank Kelly Jordan, chair have been paid. contributed four children to the baby of the Arabia Mountain Heritage Area Recently, my home State of Alabama boom generation and lived for a time in Alliance, Mayor Marcia Glenn, of passed a proclamation honoring Ms. Michigan. The Maxwells moved (back) Lithonia, Vernon Jones, CEO of DeKalb Greenwood for her personal and profes- to Connecticut in 1966. County, Mark Towe and Glen Cul- sional accomplishments. In honor of Dennis has had a successful business pepper who all have provided strong her upcoming 80th birthday, I would career, working for companies like support to this effort. I also extend my like to take this opportunity to read Scovill Manufacturing, which was thanks to Congresswomen DENISE that proclamation into the CONGRES- founded in Waterbury in 1802, and N.L. MAJETTE, for working so hard for this SIONAL RECORD. Industries. For the past several years, designation, as well as my friend and The Proclamation reads as follows: he has run his own water conditioning senior Senator from Georgia, ZELL Whereas, born Lillian George on November business. 18, 1923, a native of Prichard, Alabama in MILLER, for supporting this designa- Andre Maurois wrote, ‘‘Growing old Mobile county and affectionately and profes- is no more than a bad habit which a tion. sionally known as Lil Greenwood; and Vernon Jones, CEO of DeKalb County Whereas, Lil received her grade-school edu- busy man has no time to form.’’ If says: cation in Mobile County and graduated from that’s true, Dennis may be turning 75, Nowhere in this great nation is a project Alabama state college; and but he’s not growing old. In addition to more deserving of a National Heritage Area Whereas, she made her master-level vocal running a company, he is an avid golfer designation than this one. This began as a recording as early as 1950 and on such record- and more important active in his com- concept between conservationists, neighbor- ing labels as Modern, Federal, Tangerine, munity. At Christ & Holy Trinity Epis- and Columbia Records and also backed Ray hood activists, landowners and concerned copal Church in Westport, Dennis has citizens, and over the years has grown in Charles on Paramount Records; and Whereas, Lil Greenwood was the featured been a vestry member, chaired the scope to encompass some of the richest land- church’s capital campaign, and served scape Georgia has to offer. DeKalb County vocalist with The Duke Ellington Orchestra citizens voted to tax themselves to support and co-authored with Duke Ellington and on several committees. When his be- this project. This local funding mechanism Billy Strayhorn. She has performed in many loved wife Robin became wheelchair- was absolutely critical to move this project places around the world, including the Far bound from emphysema, he raised the forward. One visit to Arabia Mountain is all East and Europe. She has also performed at funds to put an elevator in the church. the proof anyone needs to demonstrate the many famous spots stateside including, The Sadly, she succumbed to the disease in great impact that may be achieved by di- Blue Note in Chicago, the Apollo in New York and in the San Francisco Bay-Area and 1997, after 46 years of marriage. In addi- verse groups working together to preserve a tion to his church-related duties, Den- truly significant natural heritage for future Oakland; and Whereas, she has appeared on numerous nis has served as president of the local generations. television shows including ‘‘The Tonight Alcohol and Drug Dependency Council, He is right. Let us act now to pre- Show’’, with Johnny Carson, ‘‘Good Times,’’ and he has been on the board of Inter- serve this spot for succeeded genera- ‘‘The Jeffersons,’’ ‘‘The Flip Wilson Show,’’ faith Housing, a not-for-profit ecu- tions and designate Arabia Mountain and ‘‘Grady’’ and on stage she has portrayed menical group that provides clothing as a National Heritage Area. major characters in such musicals as ‘‘Hello Dolly,’’ ‘‘My People,’’ ‘‘Buffalo Chips,’’ and shelter for area homeless people. f ‘‘Wedding Band,’’ ‘‘Back Alley Tales’’ and Thoreau admonishes us to ‘‘Aim above morality. Be not simply good; be ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS ‘‘Dark Symphony’’; and Whereas, Lil Greenwood returned home good for something.’’ Over the course and remains an active and revered jazz sing- of his life, Dennis has been devoted to er in Alabama and has been inducted into A TRIBUTE TO LIL GREENWOOD his family, his community, and his the Gulf Coast Ethnic and Heritage Jazz Fes- country. I think that counts as being ∑ tival Hall of Fame: Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. President, today ‘‘good for something,’’ and I would like I recognize the life and career of one of Now, therefore, I, Bob Riley, Governor of the State of Alabama, do hereby proclaim to join his children—Anne, Linda, Lisa, Alabama’s musical legends, the great July 28, 2003, as Lil Greenwood Day in the and Gray (who has worked here in the jazz singer Lil Greenwood. State of Alabama and encourage the citizens Senate for 19 years and is currently Lil Greenwood is a living legend. She of Alabama to show their support. Senator LAUTENBERG’s legislative di- was born on November 18, 1923, as the As is obvious by the proclamation rector)—and their families and Dennis’ youngest daughter of the late Maggie issued by the Governor of Alabama, Lil many friends in wishing him a very and Reverend Sylvester George, Sr. It Greenwood has lived a life where her happy 75th birthday.∑ was at her father’s side, at the age of 3, gifts have brought and still continue to f that she began to sing in the church bring joy to a great many people. It is TRIBUTE TO JEAN SUTTON that he served. only appropriate that we take the oc- A native of Prichard, AL she grew up casion of her upcoming birthday to rec- ∑ Mr. SHELBY. Mr. President, I rise in Mobile County and graduated from ognize her for her contributions.∑ today to pay tribute to a dear friend, Alabama State College. Her talents f Jean Elizabeth Rodgers Sutton, of Lin- were evident to all those who knew den, AL. Jean Sutton died on Tuesday, her. In fact, it was the encouragement IN HONOR OF DENNIS MAXWELL’S September 16, at the age of 62. and support she received from the Mo- 75TH BIRTHDAY Jean was born in Jackson, MS, and bile County Schools Music Supervisor ∑ Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, attended Hinds Junior College in Ray- that fanned the flame of ambition today, a constituent of mine, Dennis mond, MS. She received a Junior Col- within her, and it was a generous gift Maxwell, will turn 75, and I would like lege Press Association Scholarship to of bus fare from a former principal that to take this occasion to wish him a continue her education at the Univer- allowed her to head to Oakland, CA to happy birthday. Dennis was born in sity of Southern Mississippi. follow her dream. New York City, but moved to Con- It was at the University of Southern It was in California that Lil Green- necticut when he was six and grew up Mississippi that she met her husband, wood was to be ‘‘discovered.’’ During a in Fairfield County. Dennis’s mother, Goodloe Sutton, and they were married performance at the famed Purple Onion Marguerite Maxwell, was an accom- in 1964 after Jean had graduated and in San Francisco, she was heard by no plished classical pianist who founded worked for a year as editor of the less than the legendary Duke Elling- the Westport School of Music, which Tylertown Times in Tylertown, MS. ton. Needless to say, the Duke was thrives to this day. Dennis attended After moving to Linden, Jean worked suitably impressed. After hearing her Yale University and received a bach- as a reporter for the award-winning sing, he commented that ‘‘the girl has elor’s degree in Business Administra- Democrat Reporter, the weekly news- a voice that’s a mixture of Marian An- tion in 1950. paper owned by her husband. She also derson, Ella Fitzgerald, Dinah Wash- Dennis married his childhood sweet- taught girls physical education and ington, and Mahalia Jackson.’’ These heart, Robin Tucker, and the two of journalism at Linden High School.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.079 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12835 After teaching at Linden High School has carved its own sizable niche, pro- ciation will commemorate its 100th an- for two years, she began working full ducing and providing administrative niversary next month—on November time for the Democrat Reporter where software to K–12 school districts and 13. she served as managing editor. health care facilities throughout Ken- The Arizona Bankers Association was Together, Jean and Goodloe worked tucky and other states. founded in 1903 by bankers from across as a husband-and-wife reporting team. Data Futures is an outstanding ex- what was still known as the Arizona In the 1990s, they successfully exposed ample of how two Kentuckians used Territory. The association was estab- corruption and a drug ring involving their entrepreneurial talent, drive and lished to represent Arizona’s diverse the Marengo County Sheriff’s office, vision to create opportunities not just banking industry as it developed and amid death threats and intense pres- for themselves, but for others. What grew to meet the financial needs of the sure throughout their community. began as a humble home-based com- early settlers. While at first its mem- Their investigative reporting led to an puter services business almost 20 years bers served a sparsely populated terri- FBI investigation and the conviction of ago is now a leading developer of man- tory, they now serve on the fastest the county’s sheriff in 1997. agement systems software for school growing States in the Nation. today, Jean also found time to raise a fam- districts in at least seven States. the Arizona Bankers Association rep- ily. She and Goodloe raised two excep- Eastern Kentucky is fortunate to resents banks of all sizes from every tional sons. Their son, Howard have Data Future as a home-based corner of our great State, employing Goodloe, is a graduate of Auburn Uni- business. But more importantly, it is over 10,500 people. versity and I am pleased to have him as fortunate to have Charleen and Bob The Arizona Bankers Association’s a member of my staff. He has served as call Eastern Kentucky home. I appre- success and longevity are testament to my State Director since 2000. And, Wil- ciate their loyalty to Kentucky and the commitment and dedication of the liam Robert Sutton attends Southern their community. They have been a banks and bankers who comprise its Union Community College. shining example of leadership, hard membership. The tremendous economic Jean Sutton was a good friend, a work, and compassion. They are an in- growth that draws so many people leader in the Linden community, and a spiration to all throughout the Com- from other parts of the country to Ari- role model for investigative journal- monwealth. Congratulations, Charleen zona is due, in no small part, to the fi- ists. Her tremendous courage, her hard and Bob. You are Kentucky at its fin- nancial services and capital that are work and sacrifices on behalf of her est.∑ provided through the association’s readers, and her dedication to her fam- f member banks. These institutions have ily serve as an example of excellence nearly $3 billion outstanding in loans 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FED- for every reporter, parent and citizen. to small business and some $42 billion ERATION OF INDEPENDENT ILLI- She will be greatly missed by many.∑ in total loans and leases. NOIS COLLEGES AND UNIVER- To the member institutions of the f SITIES Arizona Bankers Association, I offer PRESIDENT OF THE ARIZONA ∑ Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I recog- my best wishes on achieving this im- FARM BUREAU RETIRES nize and honor the Federation of Inde- pressive milestone and on beginning ∑ Mr. KYL. Mr. President, I would like pendent Illinois Colleges and Univer- their second century of advocacy, serv- to say a few words to my colleagues sities as it celebrates its 100th anniver- ice, and leadership. I look forward to about a respected Arizonan, Ken Evans, sary. continuing to work with them to pro- who is stepping down as president of Founded in Chicago, the oldest pri- vide Arizonans and Arizona’s busi- the Arizona Farm Bureau on November vate college association in the Nation nesses with the financial services and 1. has evolved from a social organization credit that will lead the state to even Ken has been a community leader, for college presidents to a dynamic ad- greater prosperity in the years ahead.∑ farmer, rancher, businessman, and ag- vocacy organization representing 55 Il- f riculturist in my state of Arizona for linois private colleges and universities, many decades. As president of the enrolling over 160,000 students and em- MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE Farm Bureau for the last 11 years, he ploying over 60,000 professional and has been an outstanding spokesman for support staff. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED the agricultural community. He has Headquartered in Springfield, IL, the helped both the agricultural producers mission of the Federation is to safe- At 11:12 a.m., a message from the and the consumers of Arizona with his guard the interests of the member in- House of Representatives, delivered by energetic leadership. His aid and advice stitutions and their students and to Ms. Niland, one of its reading clerks, were invaluable to me and other pol- promote standards for excellence in announced that the Speaker has signed icymakers, both in the state and here higher education. The Federation will the following enrolled bills: in Washington. formally celebrate the 100th anniver- H.R. 1474. An act to facilitate check trun- I express my thanks for his service sary of its founding on November 11, cation by authorizing substitute checks, to and wish him success in all of his fu- 2003. foster innovation in the check collection ture endeavors.∑ Under the leadership of Chairman system without mandating receipt of checks in electronic form, and to improve the over- f Curtis L. McCray and President Donald all efficiency of the Nation’s payments sys- E. Fouts, the Federation has taken a TRIBUTE TO CHARLEEN COMBS tem, and for other purposes. leading role in working to address AND BOB HARRIS H.R. 3229. An act to amend title 44, United higher education issues throughout Il- States Code, to transfer to the Public Print- ∑ Mr. BUNNING. Mr. President, I rise linois. er the authority over the individuals respon- today in the Senate to honor and pay I ask my colleagues to join me in sible for preparing indexes of the Congres- tribute to Charleen Combs and Bob congratulating the Federation of Inde- sional Record, and for other purposes. Harris for each being named the Ken- pendent Illinois Colleges and Univer- The enrolled bills previously signed tucky Small Business Person of the sities on their 100th anniversary. It is by the Speaker of the House, were Year. my hope and expectation that in the signed on today, by the President pro Almost 20 years ago, Charleen Combs next 100 years the Federation will con- tempore (Mr. STEVENS). and Bob Harris found themselves in a tinue to create and expand college op- At 3:07 p.m., a message from the quandary. Their employer had been portunities for students from Illinois House of Representatives, delivered by sold and was downsizing, but Charleen and across the country.∑ Ms. Niland, one of its reading clerks, and Bob used this setback as a catalyst f announced that the House has passed to strike out independently and started the following bill, in which it requests planning the formation for their own 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE the concurrence of the Senate: ARIZONA BANKERS ASSOCIATION software development company. In H.R. 3289. An act making emergency sup- Harlan, KY in 1983, Charleen and Bob ∑ Mr. KYL. Mr. President, I rise today plemental appropriations for defense and for established Data Futures Inc. Today, it to note that the Arizona Bankers Asso- the reconstruction of Iraq and Afghanistan

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.081 S17PT1 S12836 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2004, ernment is funding such duties ‘‘in the serv- neers General Reevaluation Report on Clear and for other purposes. ice of the United States’’ under title 32 of the Creek; to the Committee on Armed Services. United States Code, section 502(f), herein- POM–298. A resolution adopted by the Cali- f after referred to as ‘‘title 32 duty’’; and fornia State Lands Commission opposing in- PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS Whereas, title 32 duty has been used, inter clusion in any energy bill of a requirement alia, for more than twenty years for Na- that the Department of the Interior prepare The following petitions and memo- tional Guard full-time staffing; for National a comprehensive inventory of oil and gas re- rials were laid before the Senate and Guard support for local, state, and federal sources in the outer continental shelf and were referred or ordered to lie on the law enforcement agencies under governors’ use harmful seismic testing; to the Com- table as indicated: counter-drug plans for more than twelve mittee on Energy and Natural Resources. POM–295. A resolution adopted by the years; for National Guard civil support team POM–299. A joint resolution adopted by the House of Representatives of the Legislature technical assistance for local first respond- Legislature of the State of Washington rel- of the State of Michigan relative to low-in- ers for more than two years; and for aerial ative to cleanup of the Hanford Reservation; terest loans for military personnel called to port security following the attacks of Sep- to the Committee on Environment and Pub- active duty; to the Committee on Armed tember 11; and of particular note, the Na- lic Works. Services. tional Guard counter-drug program has long ENGROSSED SENATE JOINT MEMORIAL 8023 included title 32 support for United States HOUSE RESOLUTION NO. 283 Whereas, The Hanford Reservation in Customs, Border Patrol, and Immigration Southeast Washington state presents an un- Whereas, The recent events in our country and Naturalization Service activities at precedented environmental cleanup chal- have served to remind us of the degree to United States ports of entry; and lenge resulting from decades of defense pro- which our nation relies upon the sacrifices of Whereas, in the aftermath of the Sep- duction that served to bring an early end to our men and women in the military. With tember 11 attacks, increased security and in- World War II and to keep our nation safe the call to active duty of thousands of mem- adequate federal staffing have limited the during the Cold War years; and bers of National Guard and reserve units for flow of persons, goods, and services across Whereas, The Hanford Reservation is lo- overseas deployment and an increasing range our nation’s borders, and these factors have cated near the Columbia River, which irri- of domestic security assignments, it is clear contributed to a serious weakening of the gates our farmland and is the lifeblood of that our military strength is rooted in both American and Canadian economies, espe- Washington state; and the professional ranks and those working in cially in states such as Vermont; and Whereas, It is imperative that cleanup of civilian life while serving as ready reserves; Whereas, the governors of northern tier the Hanford Reservation be sustained and and border states wrote President Bush in No- completed as expeditiously as possible to Whereas, The men and women called to ac- vember 2001 offering to provide title 32 Na- preserve the integrity of the environment tive duty to help the country respond to a tional Guard augmentation for United States and the safety of generations to come; and crisis such as we have faced since September Customs, Border Patrol, and Immigration Whereas, Significant cleanup progress is 11, 2001, do so at great cost to their families and Naturalization Service operations at being made at Hanford, including decommis- and, often, their careers. The uncertain United States ports of entry, and such relief sioning and deactivating more than 35 build- length of the activation in the current situa- could have been, and still can be, effected ings; resolving safety issues associated with tion can make the return to active duty a within days of acceptance by the federal gov- Hanford’s 177 underground waste storage devastating blow to the finances of a family ernment; and tanks; stabilizing plutonium in the Pluto- or a small business. When the person called Whereas, there is still no relief at our bor- nium Finishing Plant; moving spent nuclear to duty is the primary breadwinner in a fam- ders due to inaction on the governors’ offer fuel out of the K-Basins and away from the ily, for example, as is often the case, the of title 32 National Guard assistance and river to safer storage in the central plateau; family can face many difficulties. The mort- conflicting Department of Defense proposals shipping transuranic waste to New Mexico gage payments, food and utility bills, and to federalize the National Guard or other- for permanent storage; and moving 600,000 costs of raising children do not go away wise enhance border security with active tons of contaminated soil away from the when the regular paycheck is replaced by a duty military personnel instead of title 32 river; and military paycheck that is usually far less; National Guard members; and Whereas, The President’s proposed fiscal and Whereas, federalizing the National Guard year 2003 budget threatens the cleanup effort Whereas, While it would be impossible to under title 10 U.S.C. would degrade the com- and jeopardizes the Department of Energy’s cover the entire burden facing many fami- bat readiness of units from which guardsmen ability to comply with federal and state laws lies, it would be helpful for the federal gov- would be mobilized, interfere with effective and meet the compliance commitments set ernment to do all it can to address this issue. state force management, and prevent per- forth in the Tri-Party Agreement between A low-interest loan program for those whose sonal accommodations for soldiers and their the State of Washington, The United States active duty pay is less than civilian levels civilian employers; and Environmental Protection Agency, and the Whereas, stationing federal military forces can provide short-term help with the month- United States Department of Energy; and ly bills. For families who have sent someone at the United States-Canada border would be Whereas, Budget-driven delays in Hanford to fight terrorism, whether overseas or on an unprecedented unilateral action by the cleanup activities will compromise the suc- assignments at airports or border crossings, United States; and cess of the project resulting in greater costs Whereas, the nation’s border states need this would be an appropriate step to take: to taxpayers, another in a string of broken prompt relief which can best be provided by Now, therefore, be it promises, and public outrage at this con- title 32 National Guard forces being deployed Resolved by the house of representatives, tinuing, unaddressed threat to public health to assist lead federal agencies at the borders That we memorialize the Congress of the and the environment; Now, therefore United States to provide a program of low- ‘‘in the service of the United States’’, but Your Memorialists respectfully pray that interest loans for military personnel called under continued state command and control; you fully fund the needs of a sustained envi- to active duty; and be it further and ronmental cleanup in keeping with federal Whereas, the Vermont State Senate op- Resolved, That copies of this resolution be and state laws and the Tri-Party Agreement, poses federalization of the National Guard or transmitted to the President of the United and providing for the protection of the great assignment of federal military forces for States Senate, the Speaker of the United Columbia River and the citizens of the state United States border security: Now, there- States House of Representatives, and the of Washington, be it fore, be it members of the Michigan congressional dele- Resolved, That copies of this Memorial be Resolved by the Senate, That the Senate of gation. immediately transmitted to the Honorable the State of Vermont respectfully requests George W. Bush, President of the United that Congress assures prompt augmentation POM–296. A resolution adopted by the Sen- States, the Secretary of the United States of lead federal agencies at the borders by ac- ate of the Legislature of the State of Department of Energy, the President of the cepting the governors’ offer of National Vermont relative to the Vermont National United States Senate, the Speaker of the Guard forces under state command and con- Guard; to the Committee on Armed Services. House of Representatives, and each member trol pursuant to 32 U.S.C. sec. 502(f), and be of Congress from the State of Washington. SENATE RESOLUTION 19 it further Whereas, within days of the September 11, Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate POM–300. A joint resolution adopted by the 2001, terrorist attacks in New York City and be directed to send copies of this resolution Legislature of the State of Washington rel- Washington, DC, the nation’s governors acti- to the Honorable George W. Bush, President ative to support for an oil spill prevention vated National Guard soldiers and airmen to of the United States, the President of the tugboat in the Strait of Juan de Fuca; to the augment security at 422 of the nation’s inter- United States Senate, the Speaker of the Committee on Environment and Public national airports; and House of Representatives, and each member Works. Whereas, in true state-federal partnership, of Congress from the State of Vermont. National Guard forces are providing aerial SENATE JOINT MEMORIAL 8004 port security under the command and con- POM–297. A resolution adopted by the City Whereas, The marine waters located in the trol of the sovereign states, territories, and Council of the City of Friendswood of the Strait of Juan de Fuca between the State of the District of Columbia and the federal gov- State of Texas relative to the Corps of Engi- Washington and Canada are some of the

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.053 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12837 most pristine and diverse marine waters in natural resources with such lands and water POM–303. A notification from the the United States and include irreplaceable and (2) the right and power to manage, ad- Lietenant Governor of the State of Alaska of natural resources; and minister, lease, develop, and use the said the State’s gratitude and support for the war Whereas, The area includes such national lands and natural resources all in accordance on terrorism and for efforts to support de- treasures as the Olympic Coast National Ma- with applicable state law be, and they are mocracies and promote peace wordwide; to rine Sanctuary and the Olympic National hereby, subject to the provisions hereof, rec- the Committee on Foreign Relations. Park, for which the Federal government acts ognized, confirmed, established, and vested f as the trustee thereof; and in and assigned to the respective states or Whereas, The area is home to five federally the persons who were on June 5, 1950, enti- REPORT RELATIVE TO THE CON- recognized Indian reservations for which the tled thereto under the law of the respective TINUATION OF THE NATIONAL Federal government has the responsibility of states in which the land is located, and the EMERGENCY DECLARED IN EX- protecting treaty rights over tribal fishing; respective granters, lessees, or successors in ECUTIVE ORDER 12978 WITH RE- and interest thereof; and SPECT TO SIGNIFICANT NAR- Whereas, The area is the habitat for sev- Whereas, the Great Lakes states have dem- COTICS TRAFFICKERS CENTERED eral threatened and endangered species as onstrated that we are an effective and effi- designated by the Federal government; and cient manager of Great Lakes water re- IN COLOMBIA—PM 52 Whereas, The marine waters are used by a sources. We implore the federal government The Presiding Officer laid before the large portion of the Federal government’s to continue to allow the Great Lakes states Senate the following message from the strategic naval fleet, which poses a risk of the ability to control the Great Lakes: Now, President of the United States, to- oil spills; and therefore, be it Whereas, The marine waters are used for Resolved by the house of representatives, gether with an accompanying report; transportation of petroleum products that That we memorialize the Congress of the which was referred to the Committee are used to meet the energy needs in the United States to increase protections for the on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- Western United States; and Great Lakes and to affirm the authority of fairs: Whereas, These marine waters are of great the Great Lakes governors on matters or the To the Congress of the United States: environmental and economic importance to usage of Great Lakes waters; and be it fur- Section 202(d) of the National Emer- not only the State of Washington, but also to ther the people of Canada and the United States; Resolved, That copies of this resolution be gencies Act, 50 U.S.C. 1622(d) provides and transmitted to the President of the United for the automatic termination of a na- Whereas, The marine vessel traffic on States Senate, the Speaker of the United tional emergency unless, prior to the these waters presents risks of accidents and States House of Representatives, and the anniversary date of its declaration, the oil spills that would be devastating to the members of the Michigan congressional dele- President publishes in the Federal Reg- environment and to the economy; and gation. ister and transmits to the Congress a Whereas, The safety of these waters is cur- Adopted by the House of Representatives, notice stating that the emergency is to rently substantially improved on a tem- January 24, 2002 porary basis by an oil spill prevention tug- continue in effect beyond the anniver- boat stationed at the westward end of the POM–302. A resolution adopted by the sary date. Consistent with this provi- Strait, the cost of which is currently borne House of Representatives of the Legislature sion, I have sent the enclosed notice, solely by the State of Washington: Now, of the State of Michigan relative to restora- stating that the emergency declared therefore tion and protection of the Great Lakes; to with respect to significant narcotics Your memorialists respectfully pray that the Committee on Environment and Public traffickers centered in Colombia is to Congress appropriate sufficient budgetary Works. continue in effect beyond October 21, support to permanently station an oil spill HOUSE RESOLUTION NO. 187 prevention tugboat, of adequate size, and 2003, to the Federal Register for publi- with rescue, fire fighting, spill response, and Whereas, The waters of the Great Lakes cation. The most recent notice con- lifesaving capabilities, at the westward end constitute a resource of the utmost impor- tinuing this emergency was published of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, be it tance of the future of our nation, as they in the Federal Register on October 18, Resolved, That copies of this Memorial be interact with the international community. 2002. immediately transmitted to the Honorable The quality and quantity of this fresh water The circumstances that led to the George W. Bush, President of the United treasure are vital to the health and commer- cial well-being of millions of Americans; and declaration on October 21, 1995, of a na- States, the President of the United States tional emergency have not been re- Senate, the Speaker of the House of Rep- Whereas, Congress over the years has pro- resentatives, and each member of Congress vided support for numerous projects and con- solved. The actions of significant nar- from the State of Washington. serve our natural resources, with the most cotics traffickers centered in Colombia recent being legislation to fund the continue to pose an unusual and ex- restorationm of the Everglades and the POM–301. A resolution adopted by the traordinary threat to the national se- South Florida ecosystem. This legislation House of Representatives of the Legislature curity, foreign policy, and economy of includes several billion dollars in funding to of the State of Michigan relative to the the state of Florida. While the Everglades the United States and to cause unpar- Great Lakes, Great Lakes States; to the and the South Florida ecosystem are clearly alleled violence, corruption, and harm Committee on Environment and Public a unique resource, the Great Lakes eco- in the United States and abroad. For Works. system has a prevailing international and these reasons, I have determined that HOUSE RESOLUTION NO. 265 national economic significance due to the it is necessary to maintain economic Whereas, the Great Lakes states have shipping of raw materials, industrial prod- pressure on significant narcotics traf- taken many steps to protect the lakes. Most ucts, and food, not to mention being the fickers centered in Colombia by block- recently, Annex 2001 to the Great Lakes home of 20 percent of the world’s fresh sur- ing their property or interests in prop- Charter has demonstrated the concern of the face water, and 95 percent of the United people of this region that the stewardship for States’ fresh surface water; and erty that are in the United States or this fresh water resource must remain where Whereas, With the Great Lakes at the within the possession or control of it belongs—with the people of the Great heart of American industrial and agricul- United States persons and by depriving Lakes; and tural production, and the source of recre- them of access to the United States Whereas, the Great Lakes governors work ation for millions, the United States of market and financial system. closely with one another and their Canadian America must do all it can to assure the via- GEORGE W. BUSH. provincial counterparts on protecting the bility of the health of the lakes: Now, there- THE WHITE HOUSE, October 16, 2003. Great Lakes on a wide range of issues related fore, be it f to water management and a host of eco- Resolved by the house of representatives, nomic matters that strongly influence the That we call upon the Congress of the United REPORTS OF COMMITTEES lakes. This cooperation mirrors the shared States to fund the Great Lakes Basin with stake in the quality of the lakes and reflects similar appropriations that have been af- The following reports of committees the appropriateness of policies that clearly forded the Florida Everglades and the South were submitted: affirm the authority of the Great Lakes Gov- Florida ecosystem; and be it further By Mr. SHELBY, from the Committee on ernors pursuant to the Great Lakes Charter; Resolved, That copies of this resolution be Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, with- and transmitted to the President of the United out amendment: Whereas, Federal law states: It is hereby States Senate, the Speaker of the United S. 1753. An original bill to amend the Fair determined and declared to be in the public States House of Representative, the mem- Credit Reporting Act in order to prevent interest that (1) title to and ownership of the bers of the Michigan congressional delega- identity theft, to improve the use of and con- lands beneath navigable waters within the tion, and the United States Secretary of the sumer access to consumer reports, to en- boundaries of their respective states and the Interior. hance the accuracy of consumer reports, to

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.064 S17PT1 S12838 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003

limit the sharing of certain consumer infor- By Mr. SMITH (for himself and Mr. S. 1180 mation, to improve financial education and WYDEN): At the request of Mr. SANTORUM, the literacy, and for other purposes (Rept. No. S. Res. 246. A resolution expressing the name of the Senator from West Vir- 108–166). sense of the Senate that November 22, 1983, ginia (Mr. ROCKEFELLER) was added as By Mr. INHOFE, from the Committee on the date of the restoration by the Federal Environment and Public Works, without Government of Federal recognition to the a cosponsor of S. 1180, a bill to amend amendment: Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to S. 1210. A bill to assist in the conservation Community of Oregon, should be memorial- modify the work opportunity credit of marine turtles and the nesting habitats of ized; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. and the welfare-to-work credit. marine turtles in foreign countries (Rept. By Mr. LAUTENBERG (for himself, S. 1246 No. 108–167). Mr. SMITH, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mrs. By Mr. MCCAIN, from the Committee on At the request of Mr. ROBERTS, the CLINTON, Mr. CORZINE, Mrs. BOXER, name of the Senator from Wyoming Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. DODD, Mr. SCHU- (Mr. ENZI) was added as a cosponsor of with an amendment: MER, Mr. HATCH, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. H.R. 1320. A bill to amend the National COLEMAN, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. S. 1246, a bill to amend the Internal Telecommunications and Information Ad- BROWNBACK, Mr. REID, Mr. BAYH, Mr. Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for col- ministration Organization Act to facilitate CHAMBLISS, Mr. LEAHY, and Mr. legiate housing and infrastructure the reallocation of spectrum from govern- GRAHAM of Florida): mental to commercial users (Rept. No. 108– grants. S. Res. 247. A resolution calling on the S. 1298 168). President to condemn the anti-Semitic sen- At the request of Mr. AKAKA, the f timents expressed by Dr. Mahathir name of the Senator from Nevada (Mr. INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND Mohamad, the outgoing prime minister of Malaysia; considered and agreed to. REID) was added as a cosponsor of S. JOINT RESOLUTIONS 1298, a bill to amend the Farm Security f The following bills and joint resolu- and Rural Investment Act of 2002 to en- tions were introduced, read the first ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS sure the humane slaughter of non-am- and second times by unanimous con- S. 451 bulatory livestock, and for other pur- sent, and referred as indicated: At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the poses. By Mr. CHAMBLISS (for himself and name of the Senator from New Jersey S. 1353 Mr. MILLER): (Mr. LAUTENBERG) was added as a co- At the request of Mr. BROWNBACK, the S. 1752. A bill to establish the Arabia sponsor of S. 451, a bill to amend title name of the Senator from Pennsyl- Mountain National Heritage Area in the 10, United States Code, to increase the State of Georgia, and for other purposes; to vania (Mr. SPECTER) was added as a co- the Committee on Energy and Natural Re- minimum Survivor Benefit Plan basic sponsor of S. 1353, a bill to establish sources. annuity for surviving spouses age 62 new special immigrant categories. By Mr. SHELBY: and older, to provide for a one-year S. 1531 S. 1753. An original bill to amend the Fair open season under that plan, and for At the request of Mr. HATCH, the Credit Reporting Act in order to prevent other purposes. names of the Senator from Illinois (Mr. identity theft, to improve the use of and con- S. 491 sumer access to consumer reports, to en- FITZGERALD), the Senator from Nevada hance the accuracy of consumer reports, to At the request of Mr. REID, the name (Mr. ENSIGN), the Senator from Min- limit the sharing of certain consumer infor- of the Senator from Maine (Ms. SNOWE) nesota (Mr. COLEMAN), the Senator mation, to improve financial education and was added as a cosponsor of S. 491, a from Colorado (Mr. ALLARD), the Sen- literacy, and for other purposes; from the bill to expand research regarding in- ator from Oregon (Mr. WYDEN), the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban flammatory bowel disease, and for Senator from California (Mrs. BOXER) Affairs; placed on the calendar. other purposes. and the Senator from Delaware (Mr. By Mr. JEFFORDS (for himself, Mr. S. 517 CARPER) were added as cosponsors of S. KENNEDY, and Ms. CANTWELL): S. 1754. A bill to enhance national security At the request of Mr. PRYOR, his 1531, a bill to require the Secretary of by improving the reliability of the U.S. elec- name was added as a cosponsor of S. the Treasury to mint coins in com- tricity transmission grid, to ensure efficient, 517, a bill to amend title 38, United memoration of Chief Justice John Mar- reliable and affordable energy to American States Code, to provide improved bene- shall. consumers, and for other purposes; to the fits for veterans who are former pris- At the request of Mr. BUNNING, his Committee on Energy and Natural Re- oners of war. name was added as a cosponsor of S. sources. 1531, supra. By Mr. LEAHY (for himself and Mr. S. 596 S. 1557 SPECTER): At the request of Mr. ENSIGN, the S. 1755. A bill to amend the Richard B. Rus- name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. At the request of Mr. MCCONNELL, sell National School Lunch Act to provide MILLER) was added as a cosponsor of S. the names of the Senator from Massa- grants to support farm-to-cafeteria projects; 596, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- chusetts (Mr. KERRY) and the Senator to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, enue Code of 1986 to encourage the in- from Maryland (Ms. MIKULSKI) were and Forestry. vestment of foreign earnings within added as cosponsors of S. 1557, a bill to By Mr. CONRAD (for himself, Mr. the United States for productive busi- authorize the extension of nondiscrim- SMITH, Mr. BREAUX, Mr. COCHRAN, Ms. LANDRIEU, and Mr. CRAIG): ness investments and job creation. inatory treatment (normal trade rela- S. 1756. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- S. 611 tions treatment) to the products of Ar- enue Code of 1986 to protect the health bene- At the request of Mr. REID, the name menia. fits of retired miners and to restore stability of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. S. 1562 and equity to the financing of the United CHAMBLISS) was added as a cosponsor of At the request of Mr. BUNNING, his Mine Workers of America Combined Benefit name was added as a cosponsor of S. Fund by providing additional sources of rev- S. 611, a bill to amend the Internal enue to the Fund, and for other purposes; to Revenue Code of 1986 to treat gold, sil- 1562, a bill to amend selected statutes the Committee on Finance. ver, and platinum, in either coin or bar to clarify existing Federal law as to By Mr. INHOFE (for himself and Mr. form, in the same manner as stocks the treatment of students privately JEFFORDS): and bonds for purposes of the max- educated at home under state law. S. 1757. A bill to amend the John F. Ken- imum capital gains rate for individ- S. 1612 nedy Center Act to authorize appropriations uals. At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the for the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per- name of the Senator from Hawaii (Mr. forming Arts; to the Committee on Environ- S. 853 ment and Public Works. At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the AKAKA) was added as a cosponsor of S. name of the Senator from Delaware 1612, a bill to establish a technology, f (Mr. BIDEN) was added as a cosponsor of equipment, and information transfer SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND S. 853, a bill to amend title XVIII of the within the Department of Homeland SENATE RESOLUTIONS Social Security Act to eliminate dis- Security. The following concurrent resolutions criminatory copayment rates for out- S. 1613 and Senate resolutions were read, and patient psychiatric services under the At the request of Mrs. LINCOLN, the referred (or acted upon), as indicated: medicare program. name of the Senator from New York

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.054 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12839 (Mrs. CLINTON) was added as a cospon- investigation and prosecution of vio- gency supplemental appropriations for sor of S. 1613, a bill to amend the Inter- lent gangs, to deter and punish violent Iraq and Afghanistan security and re- nal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow a gang crime, to protect law abiding citi- construction for the fiscal year ending United States independent film and zens and communities from violent September 30, 2004, and for other pur- wage production credit. criminals, to revise and enhance crimi- poses. S. 1693 nal penalties for violent crimes, to re- AMENDMENT NO. 1843 At the request of Mr. GRASSLEY, the form and facilitate prosecution of juve- At the request of Mr. COLEMAN, his name of the Senator from Oregon (Mr. nile gang members who commit violent name was added as a cosponsor of SMITH) was added as a cosponsor of S. crimes, to expand and improve gang amendment No. 1843 proposed to S. 1693, a bill to amend section 35 of the prevention programs, and for other 1689, an original bill making emer- Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow purposes. gency supplemental appropriations for individuals receiving unemployment S. 1736 Iraq and Afghanistan security and re- compensation to be eligible for a re- At the request of Mr. ENZI, the names construction for the fiscal year ending fundable, advanceable credit for health of the Senator from Minnesota (Mr. September 30, 2004, and for other pur- insurance costs. COLEMAN) and the Senator from Ten- poses. At the request of Mrs. BOXER, the S. 1700 nessee (Mr. ALEXANDER) were added as name of the Senator from Maryland At the request of Mr. HATCH, the cosponsors of S. 1736, a bill to promote name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. simplification and fairness in the ad- (Ms. MIKULSKI) was added as a cospon- sor of amendment No. 1843 proposed to CRAPO) was added as a cosponsor of S. ministration and collection of sales S. 1689, supra. 1700, a bill to eliminate the substantial and use taxes. AMENDMENT NO. 1857 backlog of DNA samples collected from S. 1741 At the request of Mr. STEVENS, the crime scenes and convicted offenders, At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the to improve and expand the DNA testing name of the Senator from Missouri names of the Senator from California (Mr. BOND) was added as a cosponsor of capacity of Federal, State, and local (Mrs. FEINSTEIN), the Senator from Ar- crime laboratories, to increase re- amendment No. 1857 proposed to S. kansas (Mrs. LINCOLN) and the Senator 1689, an original bill making emer- search and development of new DNA from New Jersey (Mr. LAUTENBERG) testing technologies, to develop new gency supplemental appropriations for were added as cosponsors of S. 1741, a Iraq and Afghanistan security and re- training programs regarding the collec- bill to provide a site for the National tion and use of DNA evidence, to pro- construction for the fiscal year ending Women’s History Museum in the Dis- September 30, 2004, and for other pur- vide post-conviction testing of DNA trict of Columbia. poses. evidence to exonerate the innocent, to S. 1744 improve the performance of counsel in AMENDMENT NO. 1858 At the request of Mr. GRASSLEY, the State capital cases, and for other pur- At the request of Mr. NELSON of Flor- name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. poses. ida, the name of the Senator from Wis- MILLER) was added as a cosponsor of S. consin (Mr. FEINGOLD) was added as a S. 1707 1744, a bill to prevent abuse of Govern- cosponsor of amendment No. 1858 pro- At the request of Ms. STABENOW, the ment credit cards. posed to S. 1689, an original bill mak- name of the Senator from South Da- S. RES. 210 ing emergency supplemental appropria- kota (Mr. JOHNSON) was added as a co- At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security sponsor of S. 1707, a bill to amend title and reconstruction for the fiscal year 39, United States Code, to provide for name of the Senator from Washington (Mrs. MURRAY) was added as a cospon- ending September 30, 2004, and for free mailing privileges for personal cor- other purposes. respondence and certain parcels sent sor of S. Res. 210, a resolution express- AMENDMENT NO. 1864 from within the United States to mem- ing the sense of the Senate that sup- At the request of Mr. DOMENICI, the bers of the Armed Forces serving on ac- porting a balance between work and name of the Senator from California tive duty abroad who are engaged in personal life is in the best interest of (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- military operations involving armed national worker productivity, and that sponsor of amendment No. 1864 pro- conflict against a hostile foreign force, the President should issue a proclama- posed to S. 1689, an original bill mak- and for other purposes. tion designating October of 2003 as ‘‘National Work and Family Month’’. ing emergency supplemental appropria- S. 1730 S. RES. 240 tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the and reconstruction for the fiscal year names of the Senator from Georgia At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the name of the Senator from South Da- ending September 30, 2004, and for (Mr. MILLER) and the Senator from other purposes. New Jersey (Mr. CORZINE) were added kota (Mr. DASCHLE) was added as a co- AMENDMENT NO. 1882 as cosponsors of S. 1730, a bill to re- sponsor of S. Res. 240, a resolution des- At the request of Mr. LAUTENBERG, quire the health plans provide coverage ignating November 2003 as ‘‘National American Indian Heritage Month’’. his name was added as a cosponsor of for a minimum hospital stay for amendment No. 1882 proposed to S. AMENDMENT NO. 1825 mastectomies, lumpectomies, and 1689, an original bill making emer- lymph node dissection for the treat- At the request of Mr. BOND, the name gency supplemental appropriations for ment of breast cancer and coverage for of the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. Iraq and Afghanistan security and re- secondary consultations. SPECTER) was added as a cosponsor of construction for the fiscal year ending S. 1734 amendment No. 1825 proposed to S. September 30, 2004, and for other pur- At the request of Mrs. LINCOLN, the 1689, an original bill making emer- poses. name of the Senator from Washington gency supplemental appropriations for f (Mrs. MURRAY) was added as a cospon- Iraq and Afghanistan security and re- sor of S. 1734, a bill to amend titles XIX construction for the fiscal year ending STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED and XXI of the Social Security Act to September 30, 2004, and for other pur- BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS provide States with the option to ex- poses. By Mr. JEFFORDS (for himself, pand or add coverage of pregnant At the request of Mr. DASCHLE, his Mr. KENNEDY, and Ms. CANT- women under the medicaid and State name was added as a cosponsor of WELL): children’s health insurance programs, amendment No. 1825 proposed to S. S. 1754. A bill to enhance national se- and for other purposes. 1689, supra. curity by improving the reliability of S. 1735 AMENDMENT NO. 1837 the U.S. electricity transmission grid, At the request of Mr. HATCH, the At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the to ensure efficient, reliable and afford- name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. name of the Senator from Maryland able energy to American consumers, CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of S. (Mr. SARBANES) was added as a cospon- and for other purposes; to the Com- 1735, a bill to increase and enhance law sor of amendment No. 1837 proposed to mittee on Energy and Natural Re- enforcement resources committed to S. 1689, an original bill making emer- sources.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.056 S17PT1 S12840 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, today sistance and energy conservation meas- should be cautious in our assumptions I am introducing comprehensive legis- ures for low-income households, energy that the answer to our nation’s reli- lation to ensure the reliable delivery of efficiency programs for residential and ability woes lies primarily in building electric power in the United States. I business customers, and pilot programs a bigger, more expansive grid. Simply am pleased have the Senior Senator to promote renewable energy re- building more transmission lines is not from Massachusetts and the Senator sources. More than 20 States, including the answer. from Washington join me as original my home State of Vermont, have pub- Investments in energy efficiency and cosponsors of this bill. lic benefits programs. This bill will on-site generation can significantly This past August, nearly 50 million provide needed Federal matching improve the reliability of the nation’s people in the Northeast and Midwest money to States for these programs. electricity grid and in most cases will were affected by a massive power out- The Alliance to Save Energy esti- be cheaper, faster to implement and age. Hurricane Isabel and other weath- mates that a Federal program to more environmentally friendly than er systems left millions more without match existing State public benefits large-scale grid expansion. We also power. These events emphasize the vul- programs would save 1.24 trillion kilo- must fill the regulatory gaps in the nerability of the U.S. electricity grid watt-hours of electricity over 20 years, system, which my bill does. Congress to human error, mechanical failure, and cut consumer energy bills by about should establish mandatory reliability and weather-related outages. $100 billion. My bill, which has the po- standards and close other regulatory Unfortunately, the electricity provi- tential to save consumers $100 billion is gaps left by state deregulation of the sions now being considered in the on- far preferable to raising consumer elec- electricity sector. In addition, no na- going energy bill conference were writ- tricity bills by the $100 billion to raise tional reliability program will be effec- ten well before these recent events. money for grid expansion. tive or complete without strong incen- The pending energy bill fails to do all The bill also establishes energy effi- tives for demand-side management pro- that is necessary to protect the grid ciency performance standards for utili- grams, for efficiency and for on-site from devastating interruptions in the ties. The United States has experienced generation. future. That is why I am introducing tremendous growth in electricity con- We cannot solve today’s energy prob- this bill today to ensure greater reli- sumption over the past decade. Current lems with yesterday’s solutions. My ability in our electricity delivery sys- estimates are that electricity con- bill is an innovative approach to ensur- tem. sumption is increasing at roughly two ing electric reliability by maximizing My bill, the Electric Reliability Se- percent per year. energy efficiency, regulatory effi- curity Act of 2003, will help achieve re- Between 1993 and 1999, U.S. summer ciency, and efficient investment. Given liability and security of the electricity peak electricity use alone increased by the high costs of power outages to our grid in an efficient, cost-effective, and 95,000 megawatts. This is the equiva- country, we cannot afford to do other- environmentally sound manner. It does lent of adding a new, six-State New wise. so by creating mandatory, nationwide England to the Nation’s electricity de- I invite my colleagues to join me in electric reliability standards. mand every fourteen months. my efforts to advance energy security The bill also mandates regional co- Energy experts estimate that as and reliability in the United States. ordination in the siting of transmission much as 50 percent of expected new de- I ask unanimous consent that the facilities, and provides $10 billion in mand over the next 20 years can be met text of the bill be printed in the loan guarantees to finance ‘‘smart through consumer efficiency and load RECORD. grid’’ technologies that improve the management programs. Over the past There being no objection, the bill was way the grid transmits power. two decades, utility demand-side effi- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as While a $10 billion investment may ciency programs have avoided the need follows: seem to be a large investment, it is sig- for more than 100 300-megawatt power Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- nificantly less than the transmission plants. However, with the advent of resentatives of the United States of America in cost estimates that have circulated fol- electricity deregulation, utility spend- Congress assembled, lowing the Northeast blackout. In re- ing on these efficiency programs has SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. sponse to the events this past August, dropped by almost half. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as industry experts estimated that it The Federal Government should seek the ‘‘Electric Reliability Security Act of 2003’’. would cost consumers as much as $100 to correct this trend, and this bill (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- billion to upgrade transmission sys- takes a strong first step in that direc- tents of this Act is as follows: tems and site new lines to meet future tion by phasing in a requirement that Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. reliability needs. utilities reduce their peak demand for TITLE I—RELIABILITY However, even this hefty price tag power and their customers’ power use Sec. 101. Electric reliability standards. does not factor in the costs of addi- between 2004 and 2013. Sec. 102. Model electric utility workers code. tional generation, does not consider Finally, the bill enacts standards Sec. 103. Interstate compacts on regional the rising cost of natural gas due to in- that enable increased on-site, or dis- transmission planning. creasing electricity consumption, and tributed, generation to reduce pressure Sec. 104. Electricity outage investigation. Sec. 105. Study on reliability of United does not include the environmental and on the grid and lessen the impact of a States energy grid. other social costs of continued expan- blackout should one occur. We have an TITLE II—EFFICIENCY sion of our presently centralized power obligation to ensure that the elec- Sec. 201. System benefits fund. system. Power lines are expensive and tricity grid is secure. We currently Sec. 202. Electricity efficiency performance are rarely welcomed by the nearby pub- have a giant system consisting of al- standard. lic. The loan guarantees in the bill will most 200,000 miles of interconnecting Sec. 203. Appliance efficiency. help balance the need for new trans- lines that constantly shift huge Sec. 204. Loan guarantees. mission lines by providing Federal re- amounts of electricity throughout the TITLE III—ON-SITE GENERATION sources to help improve existing ones. country. Sec. 301. Net metering. In addition to addressing system op- Such a giant and complex system, Sec. 302. Interconnection. eration and transmission needs, the traversing miles of city and country- Sec. 303. On-site generation for emergency bill also promotes sound system man- side, is inevitably subject to unforeseen facilities. agement. It establishes a Federal sys- problems. Simply making it bigger will TITLE I—RELIABILITY tem benefits fund as a match for State never take away all uncertainty, nor SEC. 101. ELECTRIC RELIABILITY STANDARDS. programs. can it eliminate the vulnerability of Part II of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. Historically, regulated electric util- the grid to sabotage or terrorist at- 824 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: ity companies have provided a number tack. We should do all we can to make ‘‘SEC. 215. ELECTRIC RELIABILITY. of energy-related public services be- certain such vulnerabilities are re- ‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section— yond simply supplying electricity that duced. ‘‘(1) ‘bulk power system’ means the net- benefit the system as a whole. Such In summary, I am introducing this work of interconnected transmission facili- services have included bill payment as- legislation because I feel that we ties and generating facilities;

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00072 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.099 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12841 ‘‘(2) ‘electric reliability organization’ ‘‘(4) The Commission shall remand to the ‘‘(2) The President shall use his best efforts means a self-regulating organization cer- electric reliability organization for further to enter into international agreements with tified by the Commission under subsection consideration a proposed reliability standard the governments of Canada and Mexico to (c) whose purpose is to promote the reli- or a modification to a reliability standard provide for effective compliance with reli- ability of the bulk power system; and that the Commission disapproves in whole or ability standards and the effectiveness of the ‘‘(3) ‘reliability standard’ means a require- in part. electric reliability organization in the ment to provide for reliable operation of the ‘‘(5) The Commission, upon its own motion United States and Canada or Mexico. bulk power system approved by the Commis- or upon complaint, may order an electric re- ‘‘(h) RELIABILITY REPORTS.—The electric sion under this section. liability organization to submit to the Com- reliability organization shall conduct peri- ‘‘(b) JURISDICTION AND APPLICABILITY.—The mission a proposed reliability standard or a odic assessments of the reliability and ade- Commission shall have jurisdiction, within modification to a reliability standard that quacy of the interconnected bulk power sys- the United States, over an electric reli- addresses a specific matter if the Commis- tem in North America. ability organization, any regional entities, sion considers such a new or modified reli- ‘‘(i) SAVINGS PROVISIONS.—(1) The electric and all users, owners and operators of the ability standard appropriate to carry out reliability organization shall have authority bulk power system, including but not limited this section. to develop and enforce compliance with to the entities described in section 201(f), for ‘‘(e) ENFORCEMENT.—(1) An electric reli- standards for the reliable operation of only purposes of approving reliability standards ability organization may impose a penalty the bulk power system. and enforcing compliance with this section. on a user or owner or operator of the bulk ‘‘(2) This section does not provide the elec- All users, owners and operators of the bulk power system if the electric reliability orga- tric reliability organization or the Commis- power system shall comply with reliability nization, after notice and an opportunity for sion with authority to order the construc- standards that take effect under this section. a hearing— tion of additional generation or transmission ‘‘(c) CERTIFICATION.—(1) The Commission ‘‘(A) finds that the user or owner or oper- capacity or to set and enforce compliance shall issue a final rule to implement the re- ator of the bulk power system has violated a with standards for adequacy or safety of quirements of this section not later than 180 reliability standard approved by the Com- electric facilities or services. days after the date of enactment of this sec- mission under subsection (d); and ‘‘(3) Nothing in this section shall be con- tion. ‘‘(B) files notice with the Commission, strued to preempt any authority of any ‘‘(2) Following the issuance of a Commis- which shall affirm, set aside, or modify the State to take action to ensure the safety, sion rule under paragraph (1), any person action. adequacy, and reliability of electric service may submit an application to the Commis- ‘‘(2) On its own motion or upon complaint, within that State, as long as such action is sion for certification as an electric reli- the Commission may order compliance with not inconsistent with any reliability stand- ability organization. The Commission may a reliability standard and may impose a pen- ard established under this section. certify an applicant if the Commission deter- alty against a user or owner or operator of ‘‘(4) Not later than 90 days after the date of mines that the applicant— the bulk power system if the Commission the application of the electric reliability or- ‘‘(A) has the ability to develop, and enforce finds, after notice and opportunity for a ganization or other affected party, and after reliability standards that provide for an ade- hearing, that the user or owner or operator notice and opportunity for comment, the Commission shall issue a final order deter- quate level of reliability of the bulk power of the bulk power system has violated or mining whether a State action is incon- system; threatens to violate a reliability standard. ‘‘(B) has established rules that— ‘‘(3) The Commission shall establish regu- sistent with a reliability standard, taking ‘‘(i) assure the independence of the appli- lations authorizing the electric reliability into consideration any recommendation of cant from the users and owners and opera- organization to enter into an agreement to the electric reliability organization. tors of the bulk power system while assuring ‘‘(5) The Commission, after consultation delegate authority to a regional entity for fair stakeholder representation in the selec- with the electric reliability organization, the purpose of proposing and enforcing reli- tion of its directors and balanced decision may stay the effectiveness of any State ac- ability standards (including related activi- making in any committee or subordinate or- tion, pending the Commission’s issuance of a ties) if the regional entity satisfies the pro- ganizational structure; final order. ‘‘(ii) allocate equitably dues, fees, and visions of subparagraphs (A) and (B) of sub- ‘‘(j) APPLICATION OF ANTITRUST LAWS.—(1) other charges among users for all activities section (c)(2) and the agreement promotes ef- To the extent undertaken to develop, imple- under this section; fective and efficient administration of bulk ment, or enforce a reliability standard, each ‘‘(iii) provide fair and impartial procedures power system reliability. The Commission of the following activities shall not, in any for enforcement of reliability standards may modify such delegation. The electric re- action under the antitrust laws, be deemed through imposition of penalties (including liability organization and the Commission illegal per se— limitations on activities, functions, or oper- shall rebuttably presume that a proposal for ‘‘(A) activities undertaken by an electric ations, or other appropriate sanctions) and delegation to a regional entity organized on reliability organization under this section; ‘‘(iv) provide for reasonable notice and op- an interconnection-wide basis promotes ef- ‘‘(B) activities of a user or owner or oper- portunity for public comment, due process, fective and efficient administration of bulk ator of the bulk power system undertaken in openness, and balance of interests in devel- power system reliability and should be ap- good faith under the rules of an electric reli- oping reliability standards and otherwise ex- proved. Such regulation may provide that ability organization. ercising its duties. the Commission may assign the electric reli- ‘‘(2) In any action under the antitrust laws, ‘‘(3) If the Commission receives 2 or more ability organization’s authority to enforce an activity described in paragraph (1) shall timely applications that satisfy the require- reliability standards directly to a regional be judged on the basis of its reasonableness, ments of this subsection, the Commission entity consistent with the requirements of taking into account all relevant factors af- shall approve only the application the Com- this paragraph. fecting competition and reliability. mission concludes will best implement the ‘‘(4) The Commission may take such action ‘‘(3) For purposes of this subsection, the provisions of this section. as is necessary or appropriate against the term ‘antitrust laws’ has the meaning given ‘‘(d) RELIABILITY STANDARDS.—(1) An elec- electric reliability organization or a regional the term in subsection (a) of the first section tric reliability organization shall file a pro- entity to ensure compliance with a reli- of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 12(a)), except posed reliability standard or modification to ability standard or any Commission order af- that it includes section 5 of the Federal a reliability standard with the Commission. fecting the electric reliability organization Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45) to the ‘‘(2) The Commission may approve a pro- or a regional entity. extent that section 5 applies to unfair meth- posed reliability standard or modification to ‘‘(f) CHANGES IN ELECTRICITY RELIABILITY ods of competition. a reliability standard if it determines that ORGANIZATION RULES.—An electric reliability ‘‘(k) REGIONAL ADVISORY BODIES.—The the standard is just, reasonable, not unduly organization shall file with the Commission Commission shall establish a regional advi- discriminatory or preferential, and in the for approval any proposed rule or proposed sory body on the petition of at least 2⁄3 of the public interest. The Commission shall give rule change, accompanied by an explanation States within a region that have more than due weight to the technical expertise of the of its basis and purpose. The Commission, 1⁄2 of their electric load served within the re- electric reliability organization with respect upon its own motion or complaint, may pro- gion. A regional advisory body shall be com- to the content of a proposed standard or pose a change to the rules of the electric re- posed of one member from each participating modification to a reliability standard, but liability organization. A proposed rule or State in the region, appointed by the Gov- shall not defer with respect to its effect on proposed rule change shall take effect upon a ernor of each state, and may include rep- competition. finding by the Commission, after notice and resentatives of agencies, States, and prov- ‘‘(3) The electric reliability organization opportunity for comment, that the change is inces outside the United States. A regional and the Commission shall rebuttably pre- just, reasonable, not unduly discriminatory advisory body may provide advice to the sume that a proposal from a regional entity or preferential, is in the public interest, and electric reliability organization, a regional organized on an interconnection-wide basis satisfies the requirements of subsection reliability entity, or the Commission regard- for a reliability standard or modification to (c)(2). ing the governance of an existing or proposed a reliability standard to be applicable on an ‘‘(g) COORDINATION WITH CANADA AND MEX- regional reliability entity within the same interconnection-wide basis is just, reason- ICO.—(1) The electric reliability organization region, whether a standard proposed to apply able, and not unduly discriminatory or pref- shall take all appropriate steps to gain rec- within the region is just, reasonable, not un- erential, and in the public interest. ognition in Canada and Mexico. duly discriminatory or preferential, and in

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00073 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.090 S17PT1 S12842 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 the public interest, whether fees proposed to ‘‘(A) a regional transmission planning system failure in the United States to deter- be assessed within the region are just, rea- agency must operate within a region that in- mine the causes of the failure; sonable, not unduly discriminatory or pref- cludes all tribal governments and all States ‘‘(2) report expeditiously to the Congress erential, and in the public interest and any and that are a party to the agreement; and to the President the results of the inves- other responsibilities requested by the Com- ‘‘(B) a regional transmission planning tigation; and 14 mission. The Commission may give deference agency must be composed of one or more ‘‘(3) recommend to the Congress and the to the advice of any such regional advisory members from each State and tribal govern- President actions to minimize the possibility body if that body is organized on an inter- ment that is a party to the agreement; of future bulk-power system failure. connection-wide basis. ‘‘(C) each participating State and tribal ‘‘(e) COMPENSATION.—Each member of the ‘‘(l) APPLICATION TO ALASKA AND HAWAII.— government must vest in the regional trans- Board shall be paid at the rate payable for The provisions of this section apply only to mission planning agency the authority nec- level III of the Executive Schedule for each the contiguous 48 states.’’. essary to carry out the agreement and this day (including travel time) such member is SEC. 102. MODEL ELECTRIC UTILITY WORKERS section; and engaged in the work of the Board. Each CODE. ‘‘(D) the agency must follow workable and member of the Board may receive travel ex- Subtitle B of the Public Utility Regulatory fair procedures in making its respect to mat- penses, including per diem in lieu of subsist- Policies Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2621 et seq.) is ters covered by this agreement, including a ence, in the same manner as is permitted amended by adding at the end the following: requirement that all decisions of the agency under section 5702 and 5703 of title 5, United ‘‘SEC. 118. MODEL CODE FOR ELECTRIC UTILITY be made by majority vote (or majority States Code.’’. WORKERS. weighted votes) of the members present and SEC. 105. STUDY ON RELIABILITY OF U.S. ELEC- ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall de- voting. TRICITY GRID. velop by rule and circulate among the States ‘‘(3) The criteria may include any other re- (a) STUDY ON RELIABILITY.—Within 45 days for their consideration a model code con- quirement for meeting subsection (a) that after enactment of this Act, the Secretary of taining standards for electric facility work- the Commission determines is necessary to Energy shall contract with the National ers to ensure electric facility safety and reli- ensure that the regional transmission plan- Academy of Sciences to conduct a study on ability. ning agency’s organization, practices, and the reliability of the U.S. electricity grid. ‘‘(b) CONSULTATION.—In developing these procedures are sufficient to carry out this The study shall examine the effectiveness of standards, the Secretary shall consult with section and the rules issued under it. the current U.S. electricity transmission and all interested parties, including representa- ‘‘(d) TERMINATION OF APPROVAL.—The Com- distribution system at providing efficient, tives of electric facility workers. mission, after notice and opportunity for secure and affordable power to U.S. con- ‘‘(c) NOT AFFECTING OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY comment, may terminate the approval of an sumers. AND HEALTH.—In issuing a model code under agreement under this section at any time if (b) CONTENTS.—The study shall include an this section, the Secretary shall not, for pur- it determines that the regional transmission analysis of— poses of section 4 of the Occupational Safety planning agency fails to comply with this (1) vulnerability of the transmission and and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653) be section or Commission prescriptions under distribution system to disruption by natural, deemed to be exercising statutory authority subsection (c) or that the agreement is con- mechanical or human causes including sabo- to prescribe or enforce standards or regula- trary to the public interest. tage; tions affecting occupational safety and ‘‘(e) REVIEW.—Section 313 applies to a re- (2) the most efficient and cost-effective so- health.’’. hearing before a regional transmission plan- lutions for dealing with vulnerabilities or SEC. 103. INTERSTATE COMPACTS ON REGIONAL ning agency and judicial review of any ac- other problems of the U.S. electricity trans- TRANSMISSION PLANNING. tion of a regional transmission planning mission and distribution system, including a Part II of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. agency. For this purpose, when section 313 comparison of investments in: 824 et seq.) (as amended by section 101) is refers to ‘Commission’ substitute ‘regional ‘‘(A) efficiency; amended by adding at the end the following: transmission planning agency’ and when sec- ‘‘(B) distributed generation; tion 313(b) refers to ‘licensee or public util- ‘‘(C) technical advances in software and ‘‘SEC. 216. INTERSTATE COMPACTS ON REGIONAL other devices to improve the 15 efficiency TRANSMISSION PLANNING. ity’ substitute ‘entity’.’’. and reliability of the grid; ‘‘(a) CONSENT OF CONGRESS.—The consent SEC. 104. ELECTRICITY OUTAGE INVESTIGATION. ‘‘(D) new power line construction; and ‘‘(E) of Congress is given for an agreement to es- Part III of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. any other relevant matters. tablish a regional transmission planning 824) is amended— (c) REPORT.—The contract shall provide agency if the Commission determines that (1) by redesignating sections 320 and 321 (16 U.S.C. 825r, 791a) as 321 and 322 respectively; that within six months of entering into the the agreement would— contract, the National Academy of Sciences ‘‘(1) facilitate coordination among the and shall submit a report to the President and States within a particular region with regard (2) by inserting after section 319 (16 U.S.C. Congress detailing findings and rec- to the planning of future transmission, gen- 825q) the following: ommendations of the study. eration, and distribution facilities; ‘‘SEC. 320. ELECTRICITY OUTAGE INVESTIGATION ‘‘(2) carry out State electric facility siting BOARD.’’ TITLE II—EFFICIENCY responsibilities more effectively; ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established SEC. 201. SYSTEM BENEFITS FUND. ‘‘(3) meet the other requirements of this an Electricity Outage Investigation Board (a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: section and rules prescribed by the Commis- that shall be an independent establishment (1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis- sion under this section; and within the Executive Branch trator’’ means the Administrator of the En- ‘‘(4) otherwise be consistent with the pub- ‘‘(b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board shall consist vironmental Protection Agency. lic interest. of 7 members and shall include— (2) BOARD.—The term ‘‘Board’’ means the ‘‘(b) AUTHORITY TO CARRY OUT AGREE- (1) the Secretary of Energy or his or her Board established under subsection (b). MENT.—(1) If the Commission determines designee; (3) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Commission’’ that an agreement meets the requirements ‘‘(2) the Chairman of the Federal Regu- means the Federal Energy Regulatory Com- of subsection (a), the agency established latory Commission or his or her designee; mission. under the agreement has the authority nec- ‘‘(3) a representative of the National Acad- (4) FUND.—The terms ‘‘Fund’’ means the essary or appropriate to carry out the agree- emy of Sciences appointed by the President; System Benefits Trust Fund established by ment. This includes authority with respect a representative appointed by the Majority under subsection (c). to matters otherwise within the jurisdiction leader of the Senate; a representative ap- (5) RENEWABLE ENERGY.—The term ‘‘renew- of the Commission, if expressly provided for pointed by the Minority leader of the Senate; able energy’’ means electricity generated in the agreement and approved by the Com- a representative appointed by the Majority from wind, ocean energy, organic waste (ex- mission. Leader of the House of Representatives; and cluding incinerated municipal solid waste), ‘‘(2) The Commission’s determination a representative appointed by the Minority or biomass (including anaerobic digestion under this section may be subject to any Leader of the House of Representatives. Each from farm systems and landfill gas recovery) terms or conditions the Commission deter- such appointee shall demonstrate relevant or a geothermal, solar thermal, or photo- mines are necessary to ensure that the expertise in the field of electricity genera- voltaic source. For purposes of this para- agreement is in the public interest. tion, transmission and distribution, and such graph, a farm system is an electric gener- ‘‘(c) CRITERIA.—(1) The Commission shall other expertise as will best assist in carrying ating facility that generates electric energy prescribe— out the duties of the Board. from the anaerobic digestion of agricultural ‘‘(A) criteria for determining whether a re- ‘‘(c) TERMS.—The Secretary of Energy and waste produced by farming that is located on gional transmission planning agreement the Chairman of the Federal Regulatory the farm where substantially all of the waste meets subsection (a); and Commission shall be permanent members. used is produced. ‘‘(B) standards for the administration of a The remaining members shall each serve for (6) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ regional transmission planning agency es- a term of three years. means the Secretary of Energy. tablished under the agreement. ‘‘(d) DUTIES.—The Board shall— (b) BOARD.— ‘‘(2) The criteria shall provide that, in ‘‘(1) upon request by Congress or by the (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall order to meet subsection (a)— President investigate a major bulk-power establish a System Benefits Trust Fund

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Board to carry out the functions and respon- (4) APPLICATION.—Not later than August 1 SEC. 202. ELECTRICITY EFFICIENCY PERFORM- sibilities described in this section. of each year beginning in 2004, a State or In- ANCE STANDARD. (2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board shall be com- dian tribe seeking matching funds for the Title VI of the Public Utility Regulatory posed of— following fiscal year shall file with the Policies Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2621 note) is (A) 1 representative of the Federal Energy Board, in such form as the Board may re- amended by adding at the end the following: Regulatory Commission appointed by the quire, an application— ‘‘SEC. 609. FEDERAL ELECTRICITY EFFICIENCY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; (A) certifying that the funds will be used PERFORMANCE STANDARD. (B) 2 representatives of the Secretary of for an eligible public benefits program; ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Each electric retail sup- Energy appointed by the Secretary; (B) stating the amount of State or Indian plier shall implement energy efficiency and (C) 2 persons nominated by the National tribe funds earmarked for the program; and load reduction programs and measures to Association of Regulatory Utility Commis- (C) summarizing how System Benefit Trust achieve verified improvements in energy effi- sioners and appointed by the Secretary; Fund funds from the previous calendar year ciency and peak load reduction in retail cus- (D) 1 person nominated by the National As- (if any) were spent by the State and what the tomer facilities and the distribution systems sociation of State Utility Consumer Advo- State accomplished as a result of these ex- that serve them. cates and appointed by the Secretary; penditures. ‘‘(b) POWER SAVINGS.—Such programs shall (E) 1 person nominated by the National As- (e) WIRES CHARGE.— produce savings in total peak power demand sociation of State Energy Officials and ap- (1) DETERMINATION OF NEEDED FUNDING.— and total electricity use by retail customers pointed by the Secretary; Not later than September 1 of each year, the by an amount that is equal to or greater (F) 1 person nominated by the National En- Board shall determine and inform the Com- than the following percentages relative to ergy Assistance Directors’ Association and mission of the aggregate amount of wires the peak demand and electricity used in that appointed by the Secretary; and charges that will be necessary to be paid into year by the retail electric supplier’s cus- (G) 1 representative of the Environmental the Fund to pay matching funds to States tomers: Protection Agency appointed by the Admin- and Indian tribes and pay the operating costs istrator of the Environmental Protection Reduction in Reductions of the Board in the following fiscal year. Demand in Use Agency. (2) IMPOSITION OF WIRES CHARGE.— HAIRPERSON (3) C .—The Secretary shall se- (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than December In calendar year 2004 ...... 1% .75% lect a member of the Board to serve as Chair- In calendar year 2005 ...... 2% 1.5% 15 of each year, the Commission shall impose In calendar year 2007 ...... 4% 3.0% person of the Board. a nonbypassable, competitively neutral In calendar year 2009 ...... 6% 4.5% (c) ESTABLISHMENT OF FUND.— wires charge, to be paid directly into the In calendar year 2011 ...... 8% 6.0% In calendar year 2013 ...... 10% 7.5% (1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall establish Fund by the operator of the wire, on elec- an account or accounts at one or more finan- tricity carried through the wire (measured cial institutions, which account or accounts ‘‘(c) BEGINNING DATE.—For purposes of this as the electricity exits at the busbar at a section, savings shall be counted only for shall be known as the System Benefits Trust generation facility, or, for electricity gen- Fund consisting of amounts deposited in the measures installed after January 1, 2003. erated outside the United States, at the ‘‘(d) RULEMAKING.—The Secretary of En- fund under subsection (e). point of delivery to the wire operator’s sys- (2) STATUS OF FUND.—The wires charges ergy is directed to establish, by rule, proce- tem) in interstate commerce. collected under subsection (e) and deposited dures and standards for counting and inde- (B) AMOUNT.—The wires charge shall be set in the Fund— pendently verifying energy and demand sav- at a rate equal to the lesser of— (A) shall not constitute funds of the United ings for purposes of enforcing the energy effi- (i) 1.0 mills per kilowatt hour; or States; ciency performance standards imposed by (ii) a rate that is estimated to result in the (B) shall be held in trust by the Board sole- this section. Such rule shall also include pro- collection of an amount of wires charges ly for the purposes stated in subsection (d); cedures and a schedule for reporting findings that is as nearly as possible equal to the and to the Department of Energy and for making amount of needed funding determined under (C) shall not be available to meet any obli- such reports available to the public. The Sec- paragraph (1). gations of the United States. retary shall consult with the association rep- (3) DEPOSIT IN THE FUND.—The wires charge (d) USE OF FUND.— resenting the nation’s public utility regu- shall be paid by the operator of the wire di- (1) FUNDING OF STATE PROGRAMS.— lators, and with the association representing Amounts in the Fund shall be used by the rectly into the Fund at the end of each the nation’s state energy officials in devel- Board to provide matching funds to States month during the calendar year for distribu- oping these procedures and standards. This and Indian tribes for the support of State or tion by the Board under subsection (c). rulemaking shall be completed no later than tribal public benefits programs relating to— (4) PENALTIES.—The Commission may as- June 30, 2004. (A) energy conservation and efficiency; sess against a wire operator that fails to pay ‘‘(e) REPORTING.—By June 30, 2006, and (B) renewable energy sources; a wires charge as required by this subsection every two years thereafter, each retail elec- (C) assisting low-income households in a civil penalty in an amount equal to not tric supplier shall file with the state public meeting their home energy needs; or more than the amount of the unpaid wires utilities commission in each state in which (D) research and development in areas de- charge. it supplies service to retail customers, a re- scribed in subparagraphs (A) through (C). (F) AUDITING.— port demonstrating that it has taken action (2) DISTRIBUTION.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Fund shall be audited to comply with the energy efficiency per- (A) IN GENERAL.—Except for amounts need- annually by a firm of independent certified formance standards of this section. These re- ed to pay costs of the Board in carrying out public accountants in accordance with gen- ports shall include independent verification its duties under this section, the Board shall erally accepted auditing standards. of the estimated savings pursuant to stand- distribute all amounts in the Fund to States (2) ACCESS TO RECORDS.—Representatives of ards established by the Secretary. A state or Indian tribes to fund public benefits pro- the Secretary and the Commission shall have public utilities commission may accept such grams under paragraph (1). access to all books, accounts, reports, files, report as filed, or may review and inves- (B) FUND SHARE.— and other records pertaining to the Fund as tigate the accuracy of the report. Each state (i) IN GENERAL.—Subject to clause (iii), the necessary to facilitate and verify the audit. public utilities commission shall make find- Fund share of a public benefits program (3) REPORTS.— ings on any deficiencies relative to the re- funded under paragraph (1) shall be 50 per- (A) IN GENERAL.—A report on each audit quirements in section 2, and shall create a cent. shall be submitted to the Secretary, the remedial order for the correction of any defi- (ii) PROPORTIONATE REDUCTION.—To the ex- Commission, and the Secretary of the Treas- ciencies that are found. tent that the amount of matching funds re- ury, who shall submit the report to the ‘‘(f) UTILITIES OUTSIDE STATE JURISDIC- quested by States and Indian tribes exceeds President and Congress not later than 180 TION.—Electric retail suppliers not subject to the maximum projected revenues of the days after the close of the fiscal year. the jurisdiction of state public utilities com- Fund, the matching funds distributed to the (B) REQUIREMENTS.—An audit report missions shall report to their governing bod- States and Indian tribes shall be reduced by shall— ies. Such reports shall include independent an amount that is proportionate to each (i) set forth the scope of the audit; and verification of the estimated savings pursu- State’s annual consumption of electricity (ii) include— ant to standards established by the Sec- compared to the Nation’s aggregate annual (I) a statement of assets and liabilities, retary. consumption of electricity. capital, and surplus or deficit; ‘‘(g) PROGRAM PARTICIPATION.—Electric re- (iii) ADDITIONAL STATE OR INDIAN TRIBE (II) a surplus or deficit analysis; tail suppliers may demonstrate satisfaction FUNDING.—A State or Indian tribe may apply (III) a statement of income and expenses; of this standard, in whole or part, by savings funds to public benefits programs in addition (IV) any other information that may be achieved through participation in statewide, to the amount of funds applied for the pur- considered necessary to keep the President regional, or national programs that can be pose of matching the Fund share. and Congress informed of the operations and demonstrated to significantly improve the (3) PROGRAM CRITERIA.—The Board shall financial condition of the Fund; and efficiency of electric distribution and use. recommend eligibility criteria for public (V) any recommendations with respect to Verified efficiency savings resulting from benefits programs funded under this section the Fund that the Secretary or the Commis- such programs may be assigned to each par- for approval by the Secretary. sion may have. ticipating retail supplier based upon their

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00075 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.095 S17PT1 S12844 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 degree of participation in such programs. (1) criteria for determining which entities tional standby, capacity, interconnection, or Electric retail suppliers may also purchase shall be considered qualifying entities eligi- other rate or charge. rights to extra savings achieved by other ble for loan guarantees under this section; ‘‘(2) MEASUREMENT.—An electric utility electric retail suppliers, provided that the (2) criteria for determining which projects, that sells electric energy to the owner or op- selling supplier or another electric retail activities, programs or systems shall be con- erator of an on-site generating facility shall supplier does not also take credit for those sidered eligible activities eligible for loan measure the quantity of electric energy pro- savings. guarantees in accordance with the purposes duced by the on-site facility and the quan- ‘‘(h) REMEDIES FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY.— of this section; tity of electricity consumed by the owner or In the event that any retail electric supplier (3) loan requirements including term, max- operator of an on-site generating facility fails to achieve its energy savings and/or imum size, collateral requirements; and during a billing period in accordance with load reduction target for a specific year, any (4) any other relevant features. normal metering practices. aggrieved party may enter suit and seek (d) LIMITATION ON SIZE.—The Secretary ‘‘(3) ELECTRIC ENERGY SUPPLIED EXCEEDING prompt remedial action before a state public may make commitments to guarantee loans ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATED.—If the quan- utilities commission or an appropriate gov- only to the extent that the total principal, tity of electric energy sold by the electric erning body in the case of electric retail sup- any part of which is guaranteed, will not ex- utility to an on-site generating facility ex- pliers not subject to state public utility com- ceed $10,000,000,000. ceeds the quantity of electric energy sup- mission jurisdiction. The state public utili- (e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— plied by the on-site generating facility to the ties commission or other appropriate gov- There are authorized to be appropriated to electric utility during the billing period, the erning body shall have a maximum of one the Secretary such sums as may be nec- electric utility may bill the owner or oper- year to craft a remedy. However, if a state essary to cover the cost of loan guarantees ator for the net quantity of electric energy public utilities commission or other gov- as defined by section 502(5) of the Federal sold, in accordance with normal metering erning body certifies that it has inadequate Credit Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661a(5)). practices. ‘‘(4) ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATED EXCEED- resources or authority to promptly resolve (F) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: ING ELECTRIC ENERGY SUPPLIED.—If the quan- enforcement actions under this section, or (1) The term ‘‘eligible activity’’ means— tity of electric energy supplied by the on-site fails to take action within the time period (A) advanced technologies for high-effi- generating facility to the electric utility ex- specified above, enforcement may be sought ciency electricity transmission control and ceeds the quantity of electric energy sold by in Federal district court. If a commission or operation, including high-efficiency power the electric utility to the on-site generating court determines that energy savings and/or electronics technologies (including software- facility during the billing period— load reduction targets for a specific year controlled computer chips and sensors to di- ‘‘(A) the electric utility may bill the owner have not been achieved, the commission or agnose trouble spots and re-route power into or operator of the on-site generating facility court shall determine the amount of the def- appropriate areas), high-efficiency elec- for the appropriate charges for the billing pe- icit and shall fashion an equitable remedy to tricity storage systems, and high-efficiency riod in accordance 29 with paragraph (2); and restore the lost savings as soon as prac- transmission wire or transmission cable sys- ‘‘(B) the owner or operator of the on-site ticable. Such remedies may include a refund tem; generating facility shall be credited for the to retail electric customers of an amount (B) distributed generation systems fueled excess kilowatt-hours generated during the equal to the retail cost of the electricity solely by— billing period, with the kilowatt-hour credit consumed due to the failure to reach the tar- (i) solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, or appearing on the bill for the following billing get, and the appointment of a special master ocean energy; period. to administer a bidding system to procure (ii) landfill gas; ‘‘(5) SAFETY AND PERFORMANCE STAND- the energy and demand savings equal to 125% (iii) natural gas systems utilizing best ARDS.—An eligible on-site generating facility of the deficit. available control technology; and net metering system used by an electric SEC. 203. APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY. (iv) fuel cells; or consumer shall meet all applicable safety, Section 325(d)(3) of the Energy Policy and (v) any combination of the above. performance, reliability and interconnection Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6295(d)(3)) is (C) combined heat and power systems; and standards established by the National Elec- amended by striking subparagraph (B) and (D) energy efficiency systems producing trical Code, the Institute of Electrical and inserting instead: demonstrable electricity savings. Electronics Engineers, and Underwriters ‘‘(B) The Secretary shall publish a final (2) The term ‘‘qualifying entity’’ means an Laboratories. rule no later than January 1, 2007, to deter- individual, corporation, partnership, joint ‘‘(6) ADDITIONAL CONTROL AND TESTING RE- mine whether the standards in effect for cen- venture, trust or other entity identified by QUIREMENTS.—The Commission, after con- tral air conditioners and central air condi- the Secretary of Energy under subsection sultation with State regulatory authorities tioning heat pumps should be amended. Such (c)(1) as eligible for a guaranteed loan under and nonregulated electric utilities and after rule shall address both system annual energy this section. notice and opportunity for comment, may use and peak electric demand and may in- (3) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Sec- adopt, by rule, additional control and testing clude more than one efficiency descriptor. retary of Energy. requirements for on-site generating facilities Such rule shall apply to products manufac- TITLE III—ON-SITE GENERATION and net metering systems that the Commis- sion determines are necessary to protect tured on or after January l, 2010.’’. SEC. 301. NET METERING. SEC. 204. LOAN GUARANTEES. public safety and system reliability. (a) ADOPTION OF STANDARD.—Section 111 (d) ‘‘(7) DEFINITIONS.—-For purposes of this (a) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary may guar- of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act antee not more than 50 percent of the prin- subsection: of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2621(d)) is amended by add- ‘‘(A) the term ‘eligible on-site generating cipal of any loan made to a qualifying entity ing at the end the following: for eligible activities under this section. facility’ means— ‘‘(13) NET METERING.—(A) Each electric ‘‘(i) a facility on the site of a residential (b) CONDITIONS.—(1) The Secretary shall utility shall make available upon request net not guarantee a loan under this section un- electric consumer with a maximum gener- metering service to any electric consumer ating capacity of 25 kilowatts or less; or less— that the electric utility serves. ‘‘(ii) a facility on the site of a commercial (A) the guarantee is a qualifying entity; (B) the guarantee has filed an application ‘‘(B) For purposes of implementing this electric consumer with a maximum gener- with the Secretary; paragraph, any reference contained in this ating capacity of 1000 kilowatts or less (C) the project, activity, program or sys- section to the date of enactment of this Act that is fueled solely by a renewable energy tem for which the loan is made is an eligible shall be deemed to be a reference to the date resource. activity; and of enactment of this paragraph.’’. ‘‘(B) the term ‘renewable energy resource’ (D) the project, activity, program or sys- (b) SPECIAL RULES FOR NET METERING.— means solar, wind, biomass, geothermal or tem for which the loan is made will signifi- Section 115 of the Public Utility Regulatory wave energy; landfill gas; fuel cells; or a cantly enhance the reliability, security, effi- Policies Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2625) is amend- combined heat and power system. ciency and cost-effectiveness of electricity ed by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(C) the term ‘net metering service’ means generation, transmission or distribution. ‘‘(i) NET METERING.—In undertaking the service to an electric consumer under which (2) The Secretary shall give priority to consideration and making the determination electric energy generated by that electric guaranteed loans under this section for eligi- concerning net metering established by sec- consumer from an eligible on-site generating ble activities which accomplish the objec- tion 111(d)(13), the following shall apply— facility and delivered to the local distribu- tives of this section in the most environ- ‘‘(1) RATES AND CHARGES.—An electric util- tion facilities may be used to offset electric mentally beneficial manner. ity— energy provided by the electric utility to the (3) A loan guaranteed under this section ‘‘(A) shall charge the owner or operator of electric consumer during the applicable bill- shall be made by a financial institution sub- an on-site generating facility rates and ing period.’’. ject to the examination of the Secretary. charges that are identical to those that ‘‘(8) STATE AUTHORITY.—An electric utility (c) RULES.—Not later than 1 year after en- would be charged other electric consumers of must provide net metering services to elec- actment of this section, the Secretary shall the electric utility in the same rate class; tric consumers until the cumulative gener- publish a final rule establishing guidelines and ating capacity of net metering systems for loan requirements under this section. ‘‘(B) shall not charge the owner or operator equals 1.0 percent of the utility’s peak de- The rules shall establish— of an on-site generating facility any addi- mand during the most recent calendar year.

VerDate jul 14 2003 04:58 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00076 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.097 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12845 This subsection does not preclude a state ‘‘(ii) has not offered to provide open access ‘‘(B) A sale of backup power under subpara- from imposing additional requirements re- to the distribution facilities of the local dis- graph (A) shall be at such a rate and under garding the amount of net metering avail- tribution utility; or such terms and conditions as are just and able within a state consistent with the re- ‘‘(iii) does not allow a generating facility reasonable and not unduly discriminatory or quirements in this section. to purchase backup power from another enti- preferential, taking into account the actual SEC. 302. INTERCONNECTION. ty using the distribution facilities of the incremental cost, whenever incurred by the (a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 3 of the Federal local distribution utility. local distribution utility, to supply such Power act (16 U.S.C. 796) is amended(1) by ‘‘(B) A sale of backup power under subpara- backup power service during the period in striking paragraph 23 and inserting the fol- graph (A) shall be at such a rate, and under which the backup power service is provided, lowing: such terms and conditions as are just and as determined by the appropriate regulatory ‘‘(23) TRANSMITTING UTILITY.—The term reasonable and not unduly discriminatory or authority. ‘transmitting utility’ means any entity (not- preferential, taking into account the actual ‘‘(C) A transmitting utility shall not be re- withstanding section 201(f)) that owns, con- incremental cost, whenever incurred by the quired to offer backup power for resale to trols or operates an electric power trans- local distribution utility, to supply such any entity other than the entity for which mission facility that is used for the sale of backup power service during the period in the backup power is purchased. electric energy.’’ and (2) by adding at the end which the backup power service is provided, ‘‘(D) To the extent backup power is used to the following: as determined by the appropriate regulatory serve a new or expanded load on the trans- ‘‘(26) APPROPRIATE REGULATORY AUTHOR- authority. mission system, the generating facility shall ITY.—The term ‘appropriate regulatory au- ‘‘(C) A local distribution utility shall not pay any reasonable costs associated with any thority means— be required to offer backup power for resale transmission, distribution or generation up- ‘‘(A) the Commission; to any entity other than the entity for which grade required to provide such service. ‘‘(B) a State commission; the backup power is purchased. (D) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 210 ‘‘(C) a municipality; or ‘‘(D) To the extent backup power is used to of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 824i) is ‘‘(D) a cooperative that is self-regulating serve a new or expanded load on the distribu- amended— under State law and is not a public utility. tion system, the generating facility shall (1) in subsection (a)(1)— ‘‘(27) GENERATING FACILITY.—The term pay any reasonable cost associated with any (A) by inserting ‘‘transmitting utility, ‘generating facility’ means a facility that transmission, distribution or generating up- local distribution utility,’’ after ‘‘electric generates electric energy. grade required to provide such service. utility,’’; and ‘‘(28) LOCAL DISTRIBUTION UTILITY.—The (c) INTERCONNECTION TO TRANSMISSION FA- (B) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ‘‘any term ‘local distribution facility’ means an CILITIES.—Section 210 of the Federal Power transmitting utility,’’ after ‘‘small power entity that owns, controls or operates an Act (16 U.S.C. 824i) (as amended by sub- production facility,’’; electric power distribution facility that is section (b)) is amended by inserting after (2) in subsection (b)(2) by striking ‘‘an evi- used for the sale of electric energy. subsection (e) the following: dentiary hearing’’ and inserting ‘‘a hearing’’; ‘‘(29) NON-FEDERAL REGULATORY AUTHOR- ‘‘(f) INTERCONNECTION TO TRANSMISSION FA- (3) in subsection (c)(2)— ITY.—The term ‘non-Federal regulatory au- CILITIES.— (A) in subparagraph (B) by striking ‘‘or’’ at thority’ means an appropriate regulatory au- ‘‘(1) INTERCONNECTION.—(A) Notwith- the end; thority other than the Commission.’’. standing subsections (a) and (c), a transmit- (B) in subparagraph (C) by striking ‘‘and’’ (b) INTERCONNECTION TO DISTRIBUTION FA- ting utility shall interconnect a generating at the end and inserting ‘‘or’’; and (C) by adding at the end the following: CILITIES.—Section 210 of the Federal Power facility with the transmission facilities of ‘‘(D) promote competition in electricity Act (16 U.S.C. 824i) is amended— the transmitting utility if the owner of the markets, and’’; and (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as sub- generating facility (4) in subsection (d) by striking the last section (g); and ‘‘(i) complies with the final rules promul- sentence. (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the fol- gated under paragraph (2); and lowing: ‘‘(ii) pays the costs of interconnection. SEC. 303. ON-SITE GENERATION FOR EMERGENCY FACILITIES. ‘‘(e) INTERCONNECTION TO DISTRIBUTION FA- ‘‘(B) Subject to subparagraph (C), the costs (a) DEMONSTRATION AND TECHNOLOGY CILITIES.— of interconnection— ‘‘(1) Interconnection.—(A) A local distribu- ‘‘(i) shall be just and reasonable and not TRANSFER PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall tion utility shall interconnect a generating unduly discriminatory or preferential; and establish a demonstration program for the facility with the distribution facilities of the ‘‘(ii) shall be comparable to the costs implementation of innovative technologies local distribution utility if the owner of the charged by the transmitting utility for for renewable uninterruptible power supply generating facility— interconnection by any similarly situated systems located in eligible buildings and for ‘‘(i) complies with the final rule promul- generating facility to the transmitting fa- the dissemination of information on such gated under paragraph (2); and cilities of the transmitting utility. systems to interested parties. ‘‘(ii) pays the costs of the interconnection. ‘‘(C) A non-Federal regulatory authority (b) LIMIT ON FEDERAL FUNDING.—The Sec- ‘‘(B) The costs of the interconnection— that is authorized under Federal law to de- retary shall provide no more than 40 percent ‘‘(i) shall be just and reasonable, and not termine the rates for transmission service of the costs of projects funded under this sec- unduly discriminatory or preferential, as de- shall be authorized to determine the costs of tion. termined by the appropriate regulatory au- any interconnection under this subpara- (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— thority; and graph. There is hereby authorized to be appro- ‘‘(ii) shall be comparable to the costs ‘‘(D) The right of a generating facility to priated $30,000,000 for each of the fiscal years charged by the local distribution utility for interconnect under subparagraph (A) does 2004 through 2007 to carry out this section. interconnection by any similarly situated not relieve the generating facility or the (d) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this sec- generating facility to the distribution facili- transmitting utility of other Federal, State tion: ties of the local distribution utility. or local requirements. (1) The term ‘‘eligible facility’’ means a ‘‘(C) The right of a generating facility to ‘‘(2) RULE.—Not later than six months building owned or operated by a State or interconnect under subparagraph (A) does after the date of enactment of this subpara- local government that is used for critical not relieve the generating facility or the graph, the Commission shall promulgate governmental dispatch and communication; local distribution utility of other Federal, rules establishing reasonable and appro- police, fire or emergency services; traffic State or local requirements. priate technical standards for the inter- control systems; or public water or sewer ‘‘(2) RULE.—Not later than six months connection of a generating facility with the systems. after the date of enactment of this subpara- transmission facilities of a transmitting (2) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Sec- graph, the Commission shall promulgate utility. retary of Energy; (3) The term ‘‘renewable uninterruptible final rules establishing reasonable and ap- ‘‘(3) RIGHT TO BACKUP POWER.—(A) In ac- propriate technical standards for the inter- cordance with subparagraph (B), a transmit- power supply system’’ means a system de- connection of a generating facility with the ting utility shall offer to sell backup power signed to maintain electrical power to crit- distribution facilities of a local distribution to a generating facility that has inter- ical loads in a public facility in the event of utility. connected with the transmitting utility un- a loss or disruption in conventional grid electricity, where such system derives its en- ‘‘(3) RIGHT TO BACKUP POWER.—(A) In ac- less cordance with subparagraph (B) a local dis- ‘‘(i) Federal or State law allows a gener- ergy production or storage capacity solely tribution utility shall offer to sell backup ating facility to purchase backup power from from solar, wind, biomass, geothermal or power to a generating facility that has inter- an entity other than the transmitting util- ocean energy, natural gas; landfill gas; a fuel connected with the local distribution utility ity; or cell device; or from a combination of the to the extent that the local distribution util- ‘‘(ii) a transmitting utility allows a gener- above. ity— ating facility to purchase backup power from ‘‘(i) is not subject to an order of a non-Fed- an entity other than the transmitting utility By Mr. LEAHY (for himself and eral regulatory authority to provide open ac- using the transmission facilities of the Mr. SPECTER): cess to the distribution facilities of the local transmitting utility and the transmission fa- S. 1755. A bill to amend the Richard distribution utility; cilities of any other transmitting utility. B. Russell National School Lunch Act

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00077 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.099 S17PT1 S12846 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 to provide grants to support farm-to- out farm-to-cafeteria projects that may in- cept, and shall use to carry out this sub- cafeteria projects; to the Committee on clude the purchase of equipment, the pro- section the funds transferred under subpara- Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. curement of foods, and the provision of graph (A), without further appropriation.’’. Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I am training and education activities. ‘‘(2) PREFERENCE FOR CERTAIN PROJECTS.— By Mr. CONRAD (for himself, Mr. pleased to introduce today, with my re- In selecting farm-to-cafeteria projects to re- SMITH, Mr. BREAUX, Mr. COCH- spected colleague from Pennsylvania, ceive assistance under this subsection, the RAN, Ms. LANDRIEU, and Mr. Senator SPECTER, the Farm-to-Cafe- Secretary shall give preference to projects CRAIG): teria Projects Act of 2003. This impor- designed to— S. 1756. A bill to amend the Internal tant bipartisan proposal will support ‘‘(A) procure local foods from small- and Revenue Code of 1986 to protect the grassroots efforts all across our Nation medium-sized farms for the provision of health benefits of retired miners and to to bring school cafeterias and local foods for school meals; ‘‘(B) support nutrition education activities restore stability and equity to the fi- farms together. or curriculum planning that incorporates the nancing of the United Mine Workers of It is amazing how many kids do not participation of school children in farm and know where the food that they eat America Combined Benefit Fund by agriculture education projects; and providing additional sources of revenue comes from. It is also amazing how far ‘‘(C) develop a sustained commitment to some farm products travel to get to the farm-to-cafeteria projects in the community to the Fund, and for other purposes; to cafeteria table. The Farm-to-Cafeteria by linking schools, agricultural producers, the Committee on Finance. Projects Act of 2003 will establish a parents, and other community stakeholders. Mr. CONRAD. Mr. President, I ask U.S. Department of Agriculture, ‘‘(3) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND RELATED unanimous consent that the text of the INFORMATION.— USDA, grant program to help schools bill be printed in the RECORD. ‘‘(A) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—In carrying There being no objection, the bill was connect children with local farms by out this subsection, the Secretary may pro- bringing fresh local foods to their cafe- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as vide technical assistance regarding farm-to- follows: terias and by implementing hands-on cafeteria projects, processes, and develop- nutrition education programs. ment to an entity seeking the assistance. S. 1756 Communities all across our Nation ‘‘(B) SHARING OF INFORMATION.—The Sec- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- are beginning to explore the concept of retary may provide for the sharing of infor- resentatives of the United States of America in linking farms and cafeterias. In my mation concerning farm-to-cafeteria projects Congress assembled, and issues among and between government, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE, ETC. home State of Vermont, from rural private for-profit and nonprofit groups, and towns like Jay and Westfield to the (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the public through publications, conferences, the ‘‘Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit city of Burlington, schools have experi- and other appropriate means. Stability and Fairness Act’’. mented with how they can integrate ‘‘(4) GRANTS.— (b) AMENDMENT OF 1986 CODE.—Except as the daily service of school meals with ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—From amounts made otherwise expressly provided, whenever in classroom learning and local agri- available to carry out this subsection, the this Act an amendment or repeal is ex- culture. And as more schools create Secretary shall make grants to assist private pressed in terms of an amendment to, or re- nonprofit entities and educational institu- these connections, more and more want peal of, a section or other provision, the ref- tions to establish and carry out farm-to-cafe- erence shall be considered to be made to a to learn how they too can start a pro- teria projects. gram. Oftentimes these are very small section or other provision of the Internal ‘‘(B) MAXIMUM AMOUNT.—The maximum Revenue Code of 1986. schools, which do not have the staff or amount of a grant provided to an entity (c) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- money to kick off a project on their under this subsection shall be $100,000. tents for this Act is as follows: ‘‘(C) MATCHING FUNDS REQUIREMENTS.— own. With just a little money and some Sec. 1. Short title, etc. technical assistance, these schools can ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The Federal share of the cost of establishing or carrying out a farm- TITLE I—FINANCING PROVISIONS create a program that teaches kids to-cafeteria project that receives assistance Subtitle A—Federal Funds about good nutrition, shows them the under this subsection may not exceed 75 per- Sec. 101. Mandatory transfer of general importance of agriculture, and sup- cent of the cost of the project during the funds to Combined Benefit ports local farms by keeping food dol- term of the grant, as determined by the Sec- Fund. retary. lars within the community. In intro- Sec. 102. Annual audit. ‘‘(ii) FORM.—In providing the non-Federal ducing The Farm-to-Cafeteria Projects Sec. 103. Appointment of Government trust- share of the cost of carrying out a farm-to- Act of 2003, Senator SPECTER and I seek ees. cafeteria project, the grantee shall provide to provide these communities with the the share through a payment in cash or in Subtitle B—Premiums assistance they need to get such school kind, fairly evaluated, including facilities, Sec. 111. Modifications of premiums to re- and farm partnerships off the ground. I equipment, or services. flect transfers from general urge my colleagues to join us in sup- ‘‘(iii) SOURCE.—An entity may provide the fund. port of this exciting initiative, and I non-Federal share through State govern- Sec. 112. Refunds to certain operators. ask unanimous consent that the text of ment, local government, or private sources. Sec. 113. Reduction in annual premiums to the bill be printed in the RECORD. ‘‘(D) ADMINISTRATION.— Combined Benefit Fund if sur- There being no objection, the bill was ‘‘(i) SINGLE GRANT.—A farm-to-cafeteria plus exists. project may be supported by only a single Sec. 114. Refund of contributions paid by ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as grant under this subsection. certain small entities to United follows: ‘‘(ii) TERM.—The term of a grant made Mine Workers Combined Ben- S. 1755 under this subsection may not exceed 3 efit Fund. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- years. Sec. 115. First year payments of 1988 opera- resentatives of the United States of America in ‘‘(5) EVALUATION.—Not later than January tors. Congress assembled, 30, 2008, the Secretary shall— Sec. 116. Liability in the event of SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ‘‘(A) provide for the evaluation of the prefunding. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Farm-to- projects funded under this subsection; and Sec. 117. Definition of successor in interest. Cafeteria Projects Act of 2003’’. ‘‘(B) submit to the Committee on Edu- TITLE II—RETROACTIVE PROVISIONS cation and the Workforce of the House of SEC. 2. GRANTS TO SUPPORT FARM-TO-CAFE- Sec. 201. Reform of retroactive provisions of Representatives and the Committee on Agri- TERIA PROJECTS. Coal Industry Health Benefit culture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Sen- Section 12 of the Richard B. Russell Na- System. tional School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1760) is ate a report on the results of the evaluation. amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(6) FUNDING.— TITLE I—FINANCING PROVISIONS ‘‘(q) GRANTS TO SUPPORT FARM-TO-CAFE- ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—On October 1, 2002, and Subtitle A—Federal Funds TERIA PROJECTS.— on each October 1 thereafter through Octo- SEC. 101. MANDATORY TRANSFER OF GENERAL ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—To improve access to ber 1, 2007, out of any funds in the Treasury FUNDS TO COMBINED BENEFIT local foods in schools and institutions re- not otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of FUND. ceiving funds under this Act and the Child the Treasury shall transfer to the Secretary (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 9705 (relating to Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.) of Agriculture to carry out this subsection transfers to the Combined Benefit Fund) is (other than section 17 of that Act (42 U.S.C. $10,000,000, to remain available until ex- amended by adding at the end the following 1786)), the Secretary shall provide competi- pended. new subsection: tive grants to nonprofit entities and edu- ‘‘(B) RECEIPT AND ACCEPTANCE.—The Sec- ‘‘(c) MANDATORY TRANSFERS FROM GEN- cational institutions to establish and carry retary shall be entitled to receive, shall ac- ERAL FUND.—

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00078 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.069 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12847

‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There are hereby author- lishing unassigned beneficiaries premium) is ‘‘(2) EXCESS RESERVE.—For purposes of this ized and appropriated, out of any amounts in amended to read as follows: section— the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to ‘‘(d) UNASSIGNED BENEFICIARIES PREMIUM.— ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘excess re- the Combined Fund such sums as may be ‘‘(1) PLAN YEARS ENDING ON OR BEFORE SEP- serve’ means, with respect to any plan year, necessary to— TEMBER 30, 2003.—For plan years ending on or the excess (if any) of— ‘‘(A) pay any benefit or administrative before September 30, 2003, the unassigned ‘‘(i) the projected net assets as of the close costs of unassigned beneficiaries of the Com- beneficiaries premium for any assigned oper- of the test period for the plan year, over bined Fund remaining after the transfer ator shall be equal to the applicable percent- ‘‘(ii) the projected 3-month asset reserve as under subsection (b), and age of the product of the per beneficiary pre- of such time. ‘‘(B) eliminate any annual deficit in any mium for the plan year multiplied by the ‘‘(B) PROJECTED NET ASSETS.—For purposes premium account of the Combined Fund as number of eligible beneficiaries who are not of subparagraph (A)(i), the projected net as- certified by the Trustees of the Combined assigned under section 9706 to any person for sets shall be the amount of the net assets Fund. such plan year. which the trustees determine will be avail- Deficits referred to in subparagraph (B) shall ‘‘(2) PLAN YEARS BEGINNING ON OR AFTER OC- able at the end of the test period for pro- be certified by the trustees only after uti- TOBER 1, 2003.—For plan years beginning on or jected fund benefits. Such determination lizing and taking into account all premiums after October 1, 2003, there shall be no unas- shall be made in the same manner used by and other government reimbursements to signed beneficiaries premium.’’. the Combined Fund to calculate net assets the Fund. (b) PREMIUM ACCOUNTS.— available for projected fund benefits in the ‘‘(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Any amounts trans- (1) CREDITING OF ACCOUNTS.—Section Statement of Net Assets (Deficits) Available ferred under paragraph (1) shall be available 9704(e)(1) (relating to premium accounts; ad- for Fund Benefits for purposes of the month- without fiscal year limitation. justments) is amended by inserting ‘‘and ly financial statements of the Combined ‘‘(3) TRANSFER.—The Secretary of the amounts transferred under section 9705 (b) or Fund for the plan year beginning October 1, Treasury shall transfer amounts appro- (c)’’ after ‘‘premiums received’’. 2003. priated under paragraph (1) on October 1 of (2) SHORTFALLS.—Section 9704(e)(3) (relat- ‘‘(C) PROJECTED 3-MONTH ASSET RESERVE.— each fiscal year.’’. ing to shortfalls and surpluses) is amended— For purposes of subparagraph (A)(ii), the pro- (b) TRANSFER FROM ABANDONED MINE REC- (A) by striking ‘‘shortfall or’’ each place it jected 3-month asset reserve is an amount LAMATION FUND.—Section 9705(b)(2) (relating appears in subparagraph (A), equal to 25 percent of the projected expenses to use of funds) is amended to read as fol- (B) by striking ‘‘reduced or increased, (including administrative expenses) from the lows: whichever is applicable,’’ in subparagraph health benefit premium account and unas- ‘‘(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Any amount trans- (A) and inserting ‘‘reduced’’, signed beneficiaries premium account for the ferred under paragraph (1) for any fiscal year (C) by striking ‘‘or the unassigned bene- plan year immediately following the test pe- shall be used to pay any benefit or adminis- ficiaries premium account’’ in subparagraph riod. The determination of such amount trative costs of unassigned beneficiaries of (B), and shall be based on the 10-year forecast of the the Combined Fund for the plan year in (D) by striking ‘‘SHORTFALLS AND SUR- projected net assets and cash balance of the which transferred.’’ PLUSES’’ in the heading and inserting ‘‘SUR- Combined Fund prepared annually by an ac- (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments PLUSES’’. tuary retained by the Combined Fund. made by this section shall apply to fiscal (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments ‘‘(D) TEST PERIOD.—For purposes of this years beginning after September 30, 2003. made by this section shall apply to plan section, the term ‘test period’ means, with SEC. 102. ANNUAL AUDIT. years of the Combined Fund beginning after respect to any plan year, that plan year and (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 9702 (relating to September 30, 2003. the following plan year. establishment of the Combined Fund) is SEC. 112. REFUNDS TO CERTAIN OPERATORS. ‘‘(c) REDUCED PER BENEFICIARY PREMIUM.— amended by adding at the end the following: (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 9704 (relating to For purposes of this section, the reduced per ‘‘(d) ANNUAL AUDIT.— the liability of assigned operators) is amend- beneficiary premium for any plan year to ‘‘(1) AUDIT.—The Comptroller General of ed by adding at the end the following new which this section applies is the per bene- the United States shall conduct an annual subsection: ficiary premium determined under section audit of the Combined Fund. Such audit ‘‘(j) REFUNDS TO CERTAIN OPERATORS.—The 9704(b)(2) without regard to this section, re- shall include— Combined Fund shall, before December 31, duced (but not below zero) by— ‘‘(A) a review of the progress the Combined 2003, refund to an assigned operator which ‘‘(1) the excess reserve for the plan year, Fund is making toward a managed care sys- was an assigned operator prior to the date of divided by tem as required under this subchapter, and the enactment of this subsection (and any ‘‘(2) the total number of eligible bene- ‘‘(B) a review of the use of, and necessity related person to such operator) an amount ficiaries which are assigned to assigned oper- for, amounts transferred to the Combined equal to the sum of— ators under section 9706 as of the close of the Fund under section 9705(c). ‘‘(1) any amount paid by such operator or preceding plan year. ‘‘(2) REPORT.—The Comptroller General person to the Combined Fund (and not pre- ‘‘(d) TERMINATION OF PREMIUM REDUC- shall report the results of any audit under viously refunded) by reason of the operator TION.—If, on any day during a plan year to paragraph (1) to the Secretary of the Treas- having been a signatory to a pre-1974 coal which this section applies, the Combined ury and to the appropriate committees of wage agreement, and Fund has net assets available for projected Congress, including the Comptroller Gen- ‘‘(2) interest on the amount under para- fund benefits (determined in the same man- eral’s recommendations (if any) as to any ad- graph (1) at the overpayment rate estab- ner as projected net assets under subsection ministrative savings which may be achieved lished under section 6621 for the period from (b)(2)(B)) in an amount less than the pro- without reducing the effective level of bene- the payment of such amount to the refund jected 3-month asset reserve determined fits under section 9703.’’. under this subsection.’’ under subsection (b)(2)(C) for the plan year— (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment ‘‘(1) this section shall not apply to months made by subsection (a) shall apply to plan made by subsection (a) shall take effect on in the plan year beginning after such day, years of the Combined Fund beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act. and the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 113. REDUCTION IN ANNUAL PREMIUMS TO ‘‘(2) the monthly installment under section SEC. 103. APPOINTMENT OF GOVERNMENT COMBINED BENEFIT FUND IF SUR- 9704(g)(1) for such months shall be equal to TRUSTEES. PLUS EXISTS. the amount which would have been deter- (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 9702(b)(1) (relat- (a) IN GENERAL.—Part II of subchapter B of mined if the health benefits premium under ing to the Board of Trustees), as amended by chapter 99 (relating to financing of Combined section 9704(b) had not been reduced under section 201(c), is amended by striking ‘‘and’’ Benefit Fund) is amended by inserting after this section for the plan year.’’ at the end of subparagraph (B), by striking section 9704 the following new section: the period at the end of subparagraph (C) and ‘‘SEC. 9704A. REDUCTIONS IN HEALTH BENEFIT (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— inserting ‘‘; or’’, and by inserting after sub- PREMIUM IF SURPLUS EXISTS. (1) Section 9704(a) (relating to annual pre- paragraph (C) the following new subpara- ‘‘(a) GENERAL RULE.—If this section applies miums) is amended by striking ‘‘Each’’ and graph: to any plan year, the per beneficiary pre- inserting ‘‘Subject to section 9704A, each’’. ‘‘(D) 2 persons designated by the Secretary mium used for purposes of computing the (2) The table of sections for part II of sub- of the Treasury. health benefit premium under section 9704(b) chapter B of chapter 99 is amended by insert- (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments for the plan year shall be the reduced per ing after the item relating to section 9704 the made by this section shall take effect on the beneficiary premium determined under sub- following new item: date of the enactment of this Act. section (c). ‘‘Sec. 9704A. Reductions in health benefit Subtitle B—Premiums ‘‘(b) YEARS TO WHICH SECTION APPLIES.— premium if surplus exists.’’ SEC. 111. MODIFICATIONS OF PREMIUMS TO RE- ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—This section applies to FLECT TRANSFERS FROM GENERAL any plan year beginning after September 30, (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments FUND. 2003, if the trustees determine that the Com- made by this section shall apply to plan (a) ELIMINATION OF UNASSIGNED BENE- bined Fund has an excess reserve for the plan years of the Combined Fund beginning after FICIARIES PREMIUM.—Section 9704(d) (estab- year. September 30, 2003.

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SEC. 114. REFUND OF CONTRIBUTIONS PAID BY ‘‘(k) RELATED PERSONS RELIEVED OF LI- with respect to a signatory operator, an as- CERTAIN SMALL ENTITIES TO ABILITY FUNDED THROUGH VOLUNTARY EM- sociation described in section 501(c)(9)— UNITED MINE WORKERS COMBINED ‘‘(A) which is established by the operator, BENEFIT FUND. PLOYEES’ BENEFICIARY ASSOCIATION.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—If a qualified voluntary a related person to the operator (determined (a) IN GENERAL.—Part II of subchapter B of without regard to this subsection), or a chapter 99, as amended by section 113, is employees’ beneficiary association is estab- lished with respect to any signatory oper- member of a controlled group of corpora- amended by inserting after section 9704A the tions which includes the operator; following new section: ator, then, as of the date determined under paragraph (2)— ‘‘(B) the purpose of which is exclusively— ‘‘SEC. 9704B. REFUNDS OF ANNUAL PREMIUMS OF ‘‘(i) to satisfy the premium liability of the CERTAIN SMALL ENTITIES. ‘‘(A) the last sentence of subsection (a) shall not apply to any related person with signatory operator with respect to the Com- ‘‘(a) GENERAL RULE.—The Combined Fund bined Fund, shall refund to each eligible small entity any respect to the operator (determined without regard to this subsection), and ‘‘(ii) to fund health benefits provided pur- premiums paid by the entity to the Com- suant to a collective bargaining agreement, bined Fund under section 9704 for any plan ‘‘(B) all such persons shall permanently cease to be treated for purposes of this sub- including benefits for individuals covered by year of the Combined Fund which began be- sections 9711 and 9712, or to fund premiums fore October 1, 2003. This section shall not chapter as related persons with respect to the signatory operator. for insurance exclusively covering such bene- apply to any premium which was previously fits, and ‘‘(2) TIMING OF LIMITATION ON LIABILITY.— refunded. ‘‘(iii) to pay administrative and other inci- The date determined under this paragraph ‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE SMALL ENTITY.—For pur- dental expenses of such association; shall be the first date by which all of the fol- poses of this section, the term ‘eligible small ‘‘(C) no part of the assets of which may be lowing have occurred: entity’ means an assigned operator, but only used for, or diverted to, any purpose other ‘‘(A) The qualified voluntary employees’ if, as determined under the records of the than the purposes described in subparagraph beneficiary association’s enrolled actuary Combined Fund, such operator (or any re- (B); and (as defined in section 7701(a)(35)), using actu- lated person of such operator)— ‘‘(D) payments from which may be made arial methods and assumptions each of which ‘‘(1) was not a signatory to the 1981 or later for the purposes described in subparagraph is reasonable and which are reasonable in the National Bituminous Coal Wage Agreement (B)(ii) only to the extent that— or any ‘me too’ agreement related to such aggregate (as determined by such enrolled ‘‘(i) the signatory operator no longer has Coal Wage Agreement; actuary), determines the balance of funds an obligation to make payments under sub- ‘‘(2) reported credit hours to the UMWA held by the association, resulting from 1 or paragraph (B)(i); or 1974 Pension Plan on fewer than ten classi- more contributions to the association and ‘‘(ii) during any annual accounting period fied mine workers in every month during its earnings thereon, equals or exceeds the sum of the association such payments do not ex- last year of operations under the National of— ceed, in the aggregate, 90 percent of the ex- Bituminous Coal Wage Agreement of 1978 or ‘‘(i) the present value of the total premium cess of— any ‘me too’ agreement related to such Coal liability of the signatory operator for its as- ‘‘(I) fair market value of the association’s Wage Agreement; signees under section 9704 with respect to the assets, over ‘‘(3) has had not more than 60 beneficiaries, Combined Fund, plus ‘‘(II) the present value of the liability de- including eligible dependents of retired min- ‘‘(ii) the amount necessary to pay adminis- scribed in subparagraph (B)(i). trative and other incidental expenses of such ers, assigned to it under section 9706 (deter- Amounts under subparagraph (D)(ii) shall be association. mined without regard to beneficiary assign- determined, as of the end of the association’s ‘‘(B) The enrolled actuary files a signed ac- ments relieved by the Social Security Ad- prior year annual accounting period, by the tuarial report with the Secretary con- ministration); association’s enrolled actuary (as defined in taining— ‘‘(4) was assessed premiums by the Com- section 7701(a)(35)) using actuarial methods ‘‘(i) the date of the actuarial valuation ap- bined Fund, made payments pursuant to and assumptions each of which is reasonable plicable to the report, those assessments, and has no delinquency and which are reasonable in the aggregate ‘‘(ii) a description of the funding method as of September 30, 2003; and (as determined by such enrolled actuary). and actuarial assumptions used to determine ‘‘(5) is not directly engaged in the produc- ‘‘(4) OTHER RULES RELATING TO ASSOCIA- costs of the association, tion or sale of coal engaged in the production TIONS.—For purposes of this subsection— ‘‘(iii) a statement by the enrolled actuary of coal as of September 30, 2003.’’ ‘‘(A) if a qualified voluntary employees’ signing the report that to the best of the ac- (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The table of beneficiary association makes a payment, tuary’s knowledge the report is complete and sections for part II of subchapter B of chap- the association’s enrolled actuary shall, accurate and that in the actuary’s opinion ter 99 is amended by inserting after the item within 30 days after the end of the associa- the actuarial assumptions used are in the ag- relating to section 9704A the following new tion’s annual accounting period which in- gregate— item: cludes the payment, file with the Secretary ‘‘(I) reasonably related to the experience of an actuarial report containing the informa- ‘‘Sec. 9704B. Refunds of annual premiums of the association and to reasonable expecta- tion described in paragraph (2)(B) and a certain small entities.’’ tions, and statement that the requirements of para- (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments ‘‘(II) represent the actuary’s best estimate graph (3)(D) have been satisfied during the made by this section shall take effect on the of anticipated experience of the association, prior year; and date of the enactment of this Act. and ‘‘(B) a signatory operator, or member of SEC. 115. FIRST YEAR PAYMENTS OF 1988 OPERA- ‘‘(iv) such other information as may be the controlled group of corporations which TORS. necessary to fully and fairly disclose the ac- includes such signatory operator, which has (a) IN GENERAL.—So much of section tuarial position of the association. previously established an association under 9704(i)(1)(D) as precedes clause (ii) is amend- ‘‘(C) The signatory operator provides secu- section 501(c)(9) for purposes which include ed to read as follows: rity (in the form of a bond, letter of credit, purposes described in paragraph (3) may use ‘‘(D) PREMIUM REDUCTIONS AND REFUNDS.— or cash escrow) to the trustees of the 1992 funds from such previously established asso- ‘‘(i) 1st YEAR PAYMENTS.—In the case of a UMWA Benefit Plan which— ciation to fund all or a portion of the asso- 1988 agreement operator making payments ‘‘(i) is solely for the purpose of paying pre- ciation established under this subsection.’’ under subparagraph (A)— miums for beneficiaries described in section (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section ‘‘(I) the premium of such operator under 9712(b)(2)(B), 419A(f)(5)(A) is amended by inserting ‘‘, in- subsection (a) shall be reduced by the ‘‘(ii) is in an amount equal to 1 year’s li- cluding a qualified voluntary employees’ amount paid under subparagraph (A) by such ability of the signatory operator under sec- beneficiary association (as defined in section operator for the plan year beginning Feb- tion 9711, determined by using the average 9704(k))’’. ruary 1, 1993, and cost of such operator’s liability during its (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments ‘‘(II) if the amount so paid exceeds the op- prior 3 calendar years, and made by this section shall apply with respect erator’s liability under subsection (a), the ‘‘(iii) is to remain in place for a period of to associations established after the date of excess shall be refunded to the operator be- 5 years. the enactment of this Act. fore December 31, 2003.’’ ‘‘(D) 30 calendar days have elapsed after SEC. 117. DEFINITION OF SUCCESSOR IN INTER- (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment the report required by subparagraph (B) is EST. made by subsection (a) shall take effect on filed with the Secretary, along with a de- (a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (c) of section the date of the enactment of this Act. scription of the security required by sub- 9701 is amended by adding at the end the fol- SEC. 116. LIABILITY IN THE EVENT OF paragraph (C), and the Secretary has not no- lowing new paragraph: PREFUNDING. tified the association’s enrolled actuary in ‘‘(8) SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST.— (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 9704 is amended— writing that the requirements of this sub- ‘‘(A) SAFE HARBOR.—The term ‘successor in (1) by striking ‘‘Any’’ in the last sentence paragraph have not been satisfied. interest’ shall not include any person— of subsection (a) and inserting ‘‘Except as ‘‘(3) QUALIFIED VOLUNTARY EMPLOYEES’ BEN- ‘‘(i) who is an unrelated person to a seller, provided in subsection (k), any’’, and EFICIARY ASSOCIATION.—For purposes of this and (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection, the term ‘qualified voluntary ‘‘(ii) who purchases for fair market value subsection: employees’ beneficiary association’ means, assets, or all the stock of a related person, in

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00080 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.071 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12849 a bona fide, arm’s-length sale which is sub- (i) by striking ‘‘one individual who rep- dian statutes have provided the means for ject to section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933 resents’’ in subparagraph (A) and inserting the Confederated Tribes to achieve the goals (15 U.S.C. 77f et seq.) or the Securities Ex- ‘‘two individuals who represent’’, of cultural restoration, economic self-suffi- change Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C.78a et seq.). (ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and redes- ciency, and the attainment of a standard of ‘‘(B) UNRELATED PERSON.—The term ‘unre- ignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as sub- living equivalent to that enjoyed by other lated person’ means a purchaser who does paragraphs (B) and (C), respectively, and citizens of the United States; not bear a relationship to the seller de- (iii) by striking ‘‘(A), (B), and (C)’’ in sub- Whereas by enacting the Grand Ronde Res- scribed in section 267(b). paragraph (C) (as so redesignated) and insert- toration Act (25 U.S.C. 713 et seq.), the Fed- ‘‘(C) CONTINGENT LIABILITY.—This para- ing ‘‘(A) and (B)’’. eral Government— graph shall only apply if the contract for (B) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section (1) declared that the Confederated Tribes sale provides that, if the seller fails to make 9702(b)(3) is amended to read as follows: of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon a premium payment to the Combined Fund ‘‘(3) SPECIAL RULE.—If the BCOA ceases to were eligible for all Federal services and ben- during the first 5 plan years beginning after exist, any trustee or successor under para- efits provided to federally recognized tribes; the sale, then the purchaser shall be second- graph (1)(A) shall be designated by the 3 em- (2) established a tribal reservation; and arily liable for any liability to the Combined ployers who were members of the BCOA on (3) granted the Confederated Tribes of the Fund it would have had but for the provi- October 24, 1992, and who have been assigned Grand Ronde Community of Oregon self-gov- sions of this paragraph. the greatest number of eligible beneficiaries ernment for the betterment of tribal mem- ‘‘(D) NO INFERENCE.—Nothing in this para- under section 9706.’’ bers, including the ability to set tribal rolls; graph shall be construed to infer that a pur- (C) TRANSITION RULE.—Any trustee serving Whereas the Confederated Tribes of the chaser in a sale not described in this para- on the date of the enactment of this Act who Grand Ronde Community of Oregon have em- graph is a successor in interest.’’ was appointed to serve under section braced Federal recognition and self-suffi- (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment 9702(b)(1)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of ciency statutes and are actively working to made by subsection (a) shall apply to trans- 1986 (as in effect before the amendments better the lives of tribal members; and actions after the date of the enactment of made by this paragraph) shall continue to Whereas economic self-sufficiency, which this Act. serve until a successor is appointed under was the goal of restoring Federal recognition for the Confederated Tribes of the Grand TITLE II—RETROACTIVE PROVISIONS section 9702(b)(1)(A) of such Code (as in effect after such amendments). Ronde Community of Oregon, is being real- SEC. 201. REFORM OF RETROACTIVE PROVISIONS ized through many projects: Now, therefore, OF COAL INDUSTRY HEALTH BEN- (2) ASSIGNMENT OF BENEFICIARIES.—Section 9706 (relating to assignment of eligible bene- be it EFIT SYSTEM. Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate ficiaries) is amended by adding at the end (a) AGREEMENTS COVERED BY HEALTH BEN- that November 22, 1983, should be memorial- the following: EFIT SYSTEM.— ized as the date on which the Federal Gov- ‘‘(h) ASSIGNMENT AS OF OCTOBER 1, 2003.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 9701(b)(1) (defin- ernment restored Federal recognition to the ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Effective October 1, 2003, ing coal wage agreement) is amended to read Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde the Commissioner of Social Security shall— as follows: Community of Oregon. ‘‘(1) COAL AGREEMENTS.— ‘‘(A) revoke all assignments to persons f ‘‘(A) 1988 AGREEMENT.—The term ‘1988 other than 1988 agreement operators for pur- agreement’ means the collective bargaining poses of assessing premiums for periods after SENATE RESOLUTION 247—CALL- agreement between the settlors which be- September 30, 2003, ING ON THE PRESIDENT TO CON- came effective on February 1, 1988. ‘‘(B) make no further assignments to per- sons other than 1988 agreement operators, DEMN THE ANTI-SEMITIC SENTI- ‘‘(B) COAL WAGE AGREEMENT.—The term MENTS EXPRESSED BY DR. ‘coal wage agreement’ means the 1988 agree- and ment and any predecessor to the 1988 agree- ‘‘(C) terminate all unpaid liabilities of per- MAHATHIR MOHAMAD, THE OUT- ment.’’ sons other than 1988 agreement operators GOING PRIME MINISTER OF MA- (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section with respect to eligible beneficiaries whose LAYSIA 9701(b) (relating to agreements) is amended assignment to such persons is pending on Oc- Mr. LAUTENBERG (for himself, Mr. tober 1, 2003. by striking paragraph (3). SMITH, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mrs. CLINTON, (b) DEFINITIONS APPLICABLE TO OPERA- ‘‘(2) REASSIGNMENT UPON PURCHASE.—This Mr. CORZINE, Mrs. BOXER, Mr. DASCHLE, TORS.— subsection shall not be construed to prohibit Mr. DODD, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. HATCH, (1) SIGNATORY OPERATOR.—Section the reassignment under subsection (b)(2) of 9701(c)(1) (defining signatory operator) is an eligible beneficiary.’’ Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. COLEMAN, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. BROWNBACK, Mr. REID, Mr. amended to read as follows: f ‘‘(1) SIGNATORY OPERATOR.—The term ‘sig- BAYH, Mr. CHAMBLISS, Mr. LEAHY, and natory operator’ means a 1988 agreement op- SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS Mr. GRAHAM of Florida) submitted the erator.’’. following resolution; which was consid- (2) 1988 AGREEMENT OPERATOR.—Section ered and agreed to: 9701(c)(3) (defining 1988 agreement operator) SENATE RESOLUTION 246—EX- PRESSING THE SENSE OF THE Whereas the outgoing prime minister of is amended to read as follows: Malaysia, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, has be- ‘‘(3) 1988 AGREEMENT OPERATOR.—The term SENATE THAT NOVEMBER 22, come notorious over the years for his viru- ‘1988 agreement operator’ means— 1983, THE DATE OF THE RES- lent opposition to Israel; ‘‘(A) an operator which was a signatory to TORATION BY THE FEDERAL Whereas Dr. Mahathir opened the 57-na- the 1988 agreement, or GOVERNMENT OF FEDERAL REC- tion, October 2003 summit of the Organiza- ‘‘(B) a person in business which, during the OGNITION TO THE CONFED- tion of the Islamic Conference in Malaysia term of the 1988 agreement, was a signatory by characterizing Israel and Jews around the to an agreement (other than the National ERATED TRIBES OF THE GRAND RONDE COMMUNITY OF OREGON, world as ‘‘the enemy’’ who ‘‘rule the world Coal Mine Construction Agreement or the by proxy’’; Coal Haulers’ Agreement) containing pen- SHOULD BE MEMORIALIZED Whereas Dr. Mahathir’s anti-Semitic re- sion and health care contribution and benefit Mr. SMITH (for himself and Mr. marks are despicable and will serve to incite provisions which are the same as those con- WYDEN) submitted the following reso- further sectarian violence; and tained in the 1988 agreement. lution; which was referred to the Com- Whereas President George W. Bush will be Such term shall not include any operator mittee on Indian Affairs: traveling to Thailand to attend the October who was assessed, and paid the full amount 20–21, 2003, meeting in Bangkok of the lead- of, contractual withdrawal liability to the S. RES. 246 ers of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 1950 UMWA Benefit Plan, the 1974 UMWA Whereas the Grand Ronde Restoration Act (APEC), which Dr. Mahathir will also be at- Benefit Plan, or the Combined Fund.’’ (25 U.S.C. 713 et seq.), which was signed by tending: Now, therefore, be it (3) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— the President on November 22, 1983, restored Resolved, That the Senate— (A) Section 9711(a) is amended by striking Federal recognition to the Confederated (1) thoroughly repudiates the damaging ‘‘maintained pursuant to a 1978 or subse- Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Or- rhetoric of the outgoing prime minister of quent coal wage agreement’’. egon; Malaysia, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, which (B) Section 9711(b)(1) is amended by strik- Whereas the Confederated Tribes of the makes peace in the Middle East and around ing ‘‘pursuant to a 1978 or subsequent coal Grand Ronde Community of Oregon histori- the world more elusive; and wage agreement’’. cally inhabited land that extended from the (2) calls upon President George W. Bush, on (c) MODIFICATIONS TO REFLECT REACHBACK summit of the Cascade Range, west along the behalf of the United States, to condemn Dr. REFORMS.— shores of the Columbia River to the summit Mahathir’s injurious sentiments when the (1) BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF COMBINED of the Coast Range, and south to the Cali- President and the prime minister meet to at- FUND.— fornia border; tend the October 20–21, 2003, meeting in (A) IN GENERAL.—Section 9702(b)(1) is Whereas in addition to restoring Federal Bangkok of the leaders of Asia-Pacific Eco- amended— recognition, that Act and other Federal In- nomic Cooperation (APEC).

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00081 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.071 S17PT1 S12850 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Mr. SMITH. Mr. President, I rise For necessary expenses for security, reha- (b) In addition to amounts made available today to join my colleague, Senator bilitation and reconstruction in Iraq, elsewhere in this Act, there is hereby appro- LAUTENBERG, in the introducing an im- $18,449,000,000, to remain available until ex- priated to the Department of Defense portant resolution. This resolution pended, to be allocated as follows: $363,300,000, to be used only for recovery and $3,243,000,000 for security and law enforce- repair of damage due to natural disasters in- condemns the highly inflammatory and ment; $1,318,000,000 for justice, public safety cluding Hurricane Isabel, to be distributed as hate-ridden statements by the Malay- infrastructure, and civil society; follows: sian Prime Minister Mahathir $5,560,000,000 for the electric sector; ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Army’’, Mohamad at the opening of the Organi- $1,900,000,000 for oil infrastructure; $66,600,000 zation of the Islamic Conference this $4,332,000,000 for water resources and sanita- ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Navy’’, tion; $500,000,000 for transportation and tele- $118,400,000 Thursday. ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Marine Prime Minister Mohamad expressed communications; $370,000,000 for roads, bridges, and construction; $793,000,000 for Corps’’, $9,200,000 the most despicable of views toward ‘‘Operation and Maintenance, Air Force’’, health care; $153,000,000 for private sector de- people of the Jewish faith. The Malay- $166, 900,000; and velopment; and $280,000,000 for education, ref- ‘‘Other Procurement, Air Force’’, $2,200,000. sian Prime Minister did not confine ugees, human rights, democracy, and govern- himself merely to vitriolic anti-Se- (c) For an additional amount for ‘‘Military ance: Provided, That Construction, Army’’, $65,200,000, to remain mitic remarks, however. He moved to available until September 30, 2008, to be used incite Muslims throughout the world SA 1884. Mr. BYRD (for himself, Mr. only to repair facilities damaged by Hurri- to fight Jews. These remarks are not DURBIN, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. cane Isabel at Fort Monroe, Virginia: Pro- only hateful, but directly undermine DORGAN, Ms. MIKULSKI, Ms. LANDRIEU, vided, That notwithstanding any other provi- the goals of tolerance and under- and Mrs. FEINSTEIN) proposed an sion of law, such funds may be obligated or standing that the U.S. hopes its allies amendment to amendment SA 1819 sub- expended to carry out military construction mitted by Mr. BYRD (for himself and projects not otherwise authorized by law. will promote. (d) For an additional amount for ‘‘Military As you are aware, President Bush is Mr. DURBIN) to the bill S. 1689, making construction, Navy’’, $45,530,000, to remain currently in Asia and will attend the emergency supplemental appropria- available until September 30, 2008, to be used Asia-Pacific Economic Conference in tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security for facilities damaged beyond repair by Hur- Thailand, October 20. This resolution and reconstruction for the fiscal year ricane Isabel, including $40,920,000 to replace urges the President to condemn the ending September 30, 2004, and for the central chilled water plant at the United Prime Minister’s remarks when the other purposes; as follows: States naval Academy, Maryland, and $4,610,000 to replace Building 3104, Lucas two meet next week. In the Amendment, strike all after (a) in Hall, at Quantico, Virginia: Provided, That I urge my respected colleagues to line 1 and insert the following: notwithstanding any other provision of law, SEC. 3002. Notwithstanding section 3001 of join us in supporting this important such funds may be obligated or expended to this Act, all of the amounts provided in sec- legislation. carry out military construction projects not tion 3003 of this Act, excluding amounts con- f otherwise authorized by law. tained in subsections (j), (k), (l) and (m) of (e) For an additional amount for ‘‘Family AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND section 3003 of this Act, are designated by Housing, Operation and Maintenance, PROPOSED the Congress as an emergency requirement Army’’, $8,151,000 to repair family housing pursuant to section 502 of H. Con. Res. 95 units damaged by Hurricane Isabel at Fort SA 1883. Mr. DORGAN (for himself and Mr. (108th Congress). WYDEN) submitted an amendment intended Monroe and Fort Lee, Virginia: Provided, SEC. 3003. That notwithstanding any other provision of to be proposed by him to the bill S. 1689, (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, such funds may be obligated or ex- making emergency supplemental appropria- this Act, amounts appropriated under the pended to carry out military construction tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security and heading ‘‘Iraq Relief and Reconstruction reconstruction for the fiscal year ending projects not otherwise authorized by law. Fund’’ shall be reduced by $1,655,000,0000 and (f) For an additional amount for ‘‘Family September 30, 2004, and for other purposes; the total amount appropriated under this Housing, Operation and Maintenance, Navy which was ordered to lie on the table. heading shall be allocated as follows: and Marine Corps’’, $6,280,000 to repair fam- SA 1884. Mr. BYRD (for himself, Mr. DUR- (1) $3,243,0000,000 for security and law en- ily housing units damaged by Hurricane Isa- BIN, Mr. BIDEN, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. DORGAN, Ms. forcement; (2) $1,268,000,000 for justice, public bel at various locations in Virginia and MIKULSKI, Ms. LANDRIEU, and Mrs. FEIN- safety infrastructure, and civil society, of North Carolina: Provided, That notwith- STEIN) proposed an amendment to amend- which not less than $107,000,000 shall be made standing any other provision of law, such ment SA 1819 submitted by Mr. BYRD (for available for the Iraqi Civil Defense Corps; funds may be obligated or expended to carry himself and Mr. DURBIN) to the bill S. 1689, (3) $5,646,000,000 for the electric sector; (4) supra. out military construction projects not other- $1,850,000,000 for oil infrastructure; (5) wise authorized by law. SA 1885. Mr. BROWNBACK proposed an $4,332,000,000 for water resources and sanita- amendment to the bill S. 1689, supra. (g) For an additional amount for ‘‘Family tion; (6) $500,000,000 for transportation and Housing Operation and Maintenance, Air SA 1886. Mr. BYRD proposed an amend- telecommunications; (7) $240,000,000 for ment to the bill S. 1689, supra. Force’’, $6,981,000 to repair family housing roads, bridges, and construction; (8) units damaged by Hurricane Isabel at Lang- SA 1887. Mr. DORGAN (for himself, Mr. $850,000,000 for health are; (9) $155,000,000 for WYDEN, and Mr. HARKIN) proposed an amend- ley Air Force Base, Virginia: Provided, That private sector development; and (10) notwithstanding any other provision of law, ment to the bill S. 1689, surpa. $245,000,000 for refugees, human rights, de- SA 1888. Mr. BYRD (for himself, Mr. LAU- such funds may be obligated or expended to mocracy, and governance: Provided, That TENBERG, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. FEINGOLD, Mr. carry out military construction projects not none of the funds appropriated by this Act WYDEN, Mr. JEFFORDS, and Mr. DAYTON) pro- otherwise authorized by law. may be used to fund (1) traffic police build- posed an amendment to the bill S. 1689, (h) For an additional amount for ‘‘Oper- ings, fleet, and equipment; (2) parking lots supra. ation and Maintenance, Navy’’, $23,183,000, SA 1889. Mrs. LINCOLN (for herself and Mr. and cosmetic improvements at airports; (3) which may be transferred to the Department electric sector institutional strengthening; REID) submitted an amendment intended to of Homeland Security for Coast Guard Oper- be proposed by her to the bill S. 1689, supra; (4) solid waste management; (5) an Iraqi- ations. which was ordered to lie on the table. American Enterprise Fund; (6) wireless inter- (i) In addition to the amounts otherwise net capabilities for the Iraqi Telephone Post- made available in this Act, $600,000,000 shall f al Company (ITPC); (7) technical and man- be made available for ‘‘Operation and Main- TEXT OF AMENDMENTS agement training for ITPC; (8) postal infor- tenance, Army’’: Provided, That these funds mation technology architecture and sys- are available only for the purpose of securing SA 1883. Mr. DORGAN (for himself tems; (9) management for Iraqi television and destroying conventional munitions in and Mr. WYDEN) submitted an amend- and radio; (10) a numbering schema and 911 Iraq, such as bombs, bomb materials, small ment intended to be proposed by him initiative for ITPC; (11) new housing commu- arms, rocket propelled grenades, and shoul- to the bill S. 1689, making emergency nities and new government buildings; (12) a der-launched missiles. supplemental appropriations for Iraq national security communications network; (j) For an additional amount for ‘‘United and Afghanistan security and recon- (13) market-oriented specialized training; States Emergency Fund for Complex Foreign struction for the fiscal year ending (14) municipal public information centers; Crises’’, $150,000,000: Provided, That not less and (15) catch-up business training: Provided than $200,000,000 of the funds made available September 30, 2004, and for other pur- further, That of the funds appropriated by under this heading shall be made available poses; which was ordered to lie on the this Act, not more than $765,000,000 may be for humanitarian relief and reconstruction table; as follows: made available for petroleum product im- activities in Liberia: Provided further, That On page 25, strike lines 7 through 18, and ports, and not more than $100,000,000 may be funds appropriated under this heading shall insert the following: made available for new prison construction. be made available for Sudan.

VerDate jul 14 2003 05:09 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00082 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.074 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12851 (k) Notwithstanding any other provision of for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the ning on line 17, and insert ‘‘$250,000,000, to re- this Act, amounts appropriated for acceler- President to the Congress; main available until expended, of which not ated assistance for Afghanistan under the (vi) subsection (g) shall be available only less than $200,000,000 shall be made available heading ‘‘Economic Support Fund’’ shall be to the extent that an official budget request for humanitarian relief and reconstruction increased by $261,000,000 and the total for that amount, that includes designation of activities in Liberia: Provided, That funds amount appropriated under this heading for the entire amount of the request as an emer- appropriated under this heading shall be Afghanistan shall be allocated as follows: gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. made available for Sudan: Provided further,’’. (1) not to exceed $60,000,000 should be used 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget for activities related to disarmament, demo- for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the SA 1886. Mr. BYRD proposed an bilization, and reintegration of militia com- President to the Congress; and amendment to the bill S. 1689, making batants, including registration of such com- (vii) subsection (h) shall be available only emergency supplemental appropria- batants, notwithstanding section 531(e) of to the extent that an official budget request for that amount, that includes designation of tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961; (2) not to and reconstruction for the fiscal year exceed $120,000,000 for major and provincial the entire amount of the request as an emer- road construction and repair; (3) not to ex- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. ending September 30, 2004, and for ceed $95,000,000 for schools and education; (4) 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget other purposes; as follows: not to exceed $55,000,000 for private sector de- for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the At the end of title I, add the following: velopment including to repair and procure President to the Congress; SEC. 316. No funds appropriated or other- electric power generation and distribution (viii) subsection (i) shall be available only wise made available by this Act may be obli- infrastructure; (5) not to exceed $50,000,000 to to the extent that an official budget request gated or expended for the involuntary de- support the Government of Afghanistan; (6) for that amount, that includes designation of ployment overseas in support of Operation not to exceed $2,000,000 for additional policy the entire amount of the request as an emer- Iraqi Freedom of a member of the National experts in Afghan ministries; (7) not to ex- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. Guard or Reserves if that member has been ceed $65,000,000 for elections, governance, and 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget involuntarily deployed for any period of six human rights; (8) not to exceed $50,000,000 for for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the months or more during the six-year period projects directly involving requirements President to the Congress; ending on the date the involuntary deploy- ment overseas would otherwise commence. identified by provincial reconstruction SA 1885. Mr. BROWNBACK proposed teams; (9) not to exceed $66,000,000 for health services; (10) not to exceed $25,000,000 for an amendment to the bill S. 1689, mak- SA 1887. Mr. DORGAN (for himself, water projects; (11) not to exceed $25,000,000 ing emergency supplemental appropria- Mr. WYDEN, and Mr. HARKIN) proposed for environmental projects related to tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security an amendment to the bill S. 1689, mak- drought relief; (12) not to exceed $25,000,000 and reconstruction for the fiscal year ing emergency supplemental appropria- for emergency food, fuel, clothing and shel- ending September 30, 2004, and for tions for Iraq and Afghanistan security ter materials for Afghans who are internally other purposes; as follows: and reconstruction for the fiscal year displaced; and (13) not to exceed $45,000,000 On page 38, between lines 20 and 21, insert for additional activities that are specifically ending September 30, 2004, and for the following new sections: other purposes; as follows: targeted to advancing the social, economic, SEC. 2313. (a) The total amount appro- and political rights and opportunities of priated in chapter 2 of this title under the On page 25, strike lines 7 through the colon women. subheading ‘‘IRAQ RELIEF AND RECONSTRUC- on line 18, and insert the following: For necessary expenses for security, reha- (l) Notwithstanding any other provision of TION FUND’’ under the heading ‘‘OTHER BI- this Act, amounts appropriated under the LATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE bilitation and reconstruction in Iraq, heading ‘‘International Narcotics Control FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESI- $18,449,000,000, to remain available until ex- and Law Enforcement’’ shall be increased by DENT’’, is hereby reduced by $600,000,000. pended, to be allocated as follows: $50,000,000. (b) Of the total amount appropriated in $3,243,000,000 for security and law enforce- (m) Notwithstanding any other provision chapter 2 of this title under the subheading ment; $1,318,000,000 for justice, public safety of this Act, amounts appropriated under the referred to in subsection (a), $5,186,000,000 infrastructure, and civil society; heading ‘‘Foreign Military Financing Pro- shall be available for security, including $5,560,000,000 for the electric sector; gram’’ shall be increased by $75,000,000. public safety requirements, national secu- $1,900,000,000 for oil infrastructure; (n) The entire amount in: rity, and justice, of which not less than $4,332,000,000 for water resources and sanita- (i) subsection (b) shall be available only to $126,000,000, shall be available for the Iraqi tion; $500,000,000 for transportation and tele- the extent that an official budget request for Civil Defense Corps. communications; $370,000,000 for roads, that amount, that includes designation of SEC. 2313. None of the funds appropriated bridges, and construction; $793,000,000 for the entire amount of the request as an emer- by this Act may be used to fund the fol- health care; $153,000,000 for private sector de- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. lowing: velopment; and $280,000,000 for education, ref- 95 (108th Congress), the concurrent resolu- (1) Solid waste management in Iraq. ugees, human rights, democracy, and govern- tion on the budget for fiscal year 2004, is (2) WiFi capabilities for IPTC in Iraq. ance: transmitted by the President to the Con- (3) Housing in Iraq. gress; (4) Market-oriented specialized training for SA 1888. Mr. BYRD (for himself, Mr. (ii) subsection (c) shall be available only to Iraqis. LAUTENBERG, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. FEIN- the extent that an official budget request for (5) Catch-up business training for Iraqis. GOLD, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. JEFFORDS, and that amount, that includes designation of (6) Development or construction of the Abu the entire amount of the request as an emer- Mr. DAYTON) proposed an amendment Gharaib Memorial, or any similar memorial. gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. to the bill S. 1689, making emergency (7) The Athletes Committee in Iraq, includ- 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget supplemental appropriations for Iraq ing any conference or memorial that ad- for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the and Afghanistan security and recon- dresses atrocities committed against Iraqi President to the Congress; athletes. struction for the fiscal year ending (iii) subsection (d) shall be available only On page 28, beginning on line 18, strike September 30, 2004, and for other pur- to the extent that an official budget request poses; as follows: for that amount, that includes designation of ‘‘$422,000,000’’ and all that follows through On page 27, line 9, strike ‘‘Provided further, the entire amount of the request as an emer- ‘‘Provided,’’ on line 20 and insert ‘‘$822,000,000, That the President may reallocate funds pro- gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. to remain available until September 30, 2005, vided under this heading:’’ 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget for accelerated assistance for Afghanistan, of On page 27, line 21, strike ‘‘used for such for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the which not less than $60,000,000 shall be avail- purposes’’ and insert ‘‘shall be available only President to the Congress; able for disarmament, demobilization, and (iv) subsection (e) shall be available only reintegration; $50,000,000 shall be available to the extent that the funds are made avail- to the extent that an official budget request for a venture capital fund to promote devel- able in a subsequent appropriations act’’. On page 12, line 11, strike, ‘‘, and in addi- for that amount, that includes designation of opment of the private sector; $155,000,000 tion such funds as necessary, not to exceed the entire amount of the request as an emer- shall be available for accelerated funding for $5,000,000,000, as approved by the House and gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. the National Army of Afghanistan; $60,000,000 Senate Appropriations Committees, Sub- 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget shall be available for the Government of Af- committees on Defense’’; for fiscal year 2004, is transmitted by the ghanistan to provide security and minimal On page 15, strike Section 312; President to the Congress; services, collect revenue, and pay salaries for military and civilian officials; $15,000,000 (v) subsection (f) shall be available only to Mrs. LINCOLN (for herself the extent that an official budget request for shall be available for power generation SA 1889. that amount, that includes designation of projects; and $5,000,000 shall be available for and Mr. REID) submitted an amend- the entire amount of the request as an emer- natural resources assessments: Provided,’’. ment intended to be proposed by her to gency requirement as defined in H. Con. Res. On page 29, line 17, strike ‘‘$100,000,000’’ and the bill S. 1689, making emergency sup- 95, the concurrent resolution on the budget all that follows through ‘‘Provided’’ begin- plemental appropriations for Iraq and

VerDate jul 14 2003 05:09 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00083 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.086 S17PT1 S12852 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Afghanistan security and reconstruc- lated, or should I say degenerated, to a Mohamad, the outgoing prime minister of tion for the fiscal year ending Sep- new level of hate. Using the foul ca- Malaysia. tember 30, 2004, and for other purposes; nards Hitler and other anti-Semites There being no objection, the Senate which was ordered to lie on the table; have repeated throughout history, he proceeded to consider the resolution. as follows: accused the Jewish people of gaining Mr. LAUTENBERG. I ask unanimous On page 39, between lines 2 and 3, insert control of the most powerful countries. consent the resolution and preamble be the following: He said ‘‘they, this tiny community, agreed to, the motion to reconsider be SEC. 3002. (a) Notwithstanding any other have become a world power,’’ and he laid upon the table, with no inter- provision of law, and subject to subsection urged the 1.3 billion Muslims through- vening action or debate. (b), none of the funds appropriated or other- out the world to fight this ‘‘enemy.’’ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without wise made available by this Act or any other That is his definition. How was the objection, it is so ordered. Act for fiscal year 2004 or any fiscal year thereafter may be expended by a United speech received? According to today’s The resolution (S. Res. 247) was States Government agency or contractor to New York Times, it got a standing ova- agreed to. enter into or modify any contract or sub- tion from the kings and presidents, The preamble was agreed to. contract with the Government of Saudi Ara- sheiks and emirs, including key U.S. The resolution, with its preamble, bia or any company or other business entity allies, gathered in Malaysia’s capital, reads as follows: incorporated or otherwise based in Saudi Putrajaya. I believe these comments S. RES. 247 Arabia. are likely to encourage violence Whereas the outgoing prime minister of (b) The prohibition in subsection (a) shall against Jewish people worldwide, and Malaysia, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, has be- be in effect until the Secretary of State has come notorious over the years for his viru- certified, in writing, to Congress that— especially in Israel. lent opposition to Israel; (1) the Government of Saudi Arabia has The Organization of the Islamic Con- Whereas Dr. Mahathir opened the 57-na- issued and made available valid exit visas to ference (OIC) charter calls for creating tion, October 2003 summit of the Organiza- all United States citizens who are 18 years of a favorable atmosphere for the pro- tion of the Islamic Conference in Malaysia age or older, and the minor children of such motion of cooperation and under- by characterizing Israel and Jews around the citizens, who the Secretary of State has rea- standing between member states and world as ‘‘the enemy’’ who ‘‘rule the world son to believe desire to leave Saudi Arabia other countries. But how can it be so, by proxy’’; but are currently prohibited from doing so; if the Prime Minister’s remarks aptly Whereas Dr. Mahathir’s anti-Semitic re- (2) the Government of Saudi Arabia has marks are despicable and will serve to incite surrendered custody of United States citizen capture the views of the OIC members? further sectarian violence; and minor children who the Secretary of State After all, they gave him a standing Whereas President George W. Bush will be has reason to believe were taken or removed ovation. One has to wonder if they traveling to Thailand to attend the October from the United States in violation of a cus- really want to promote peace between 20–21, 2003, meeting in Bangkok of the lead- tody order issued by a court in the United their nations and western democracies. ers of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation states or in violation of United States law, The Prime Minister of Malaysia, a (APEC), which Dr. Mahathir will also be at- to the United States or the minor child’s left country with one of the world’s biggest tending: Now, therefore, be it behind parent or guardian; and Muslim populations, essentially ex- Resolved, That the Senate— (3) the United States citizens referred to in (1) thoroughly repudiates the damaging paragraphs (1) and (2) were provided a safe pressed an open invitation for hate rhetoric of the outgoing prime minister of and meaningful opportunity to exit Saudi crimes and terrorism. Therefore, I am Malaysia, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, which Arabia and return to the United States or introducing a resolution that puts the makes peace in the Middle East and around their place of residence. Senate on record as repudiating Dr. the world more elusive; and f Mohamad’s loathsome remarks to the (2) calls upon President George W. Bush, on OIC. PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR behalf of the United States, to condemn Dr. My resolution also asks President Mahathir’s injurious sentiments when the Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- Bush, who will be traveling to South- President and the prime minister meet to at- imous consent that privilege of the east Asia next week, to repudiate Dr. tend the October 20-21, 2003, meeting in floor be granted to two congressional Mohamad’s vile sentiments when the Bangkok of the leaders of Asia-Pacific Eco- fellows in the office of Senator MARK two participate in the Asia-Pacific nomic Cooperation (APEC). PRYOR, Gita Upple and John Pierson, Economic Cooperation meeting in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- during consideration of this legisla- Bangkok, Thailand, on October 20. ator from New York. tion. I am pleased that Senator SMITH, Mrs. CLINTON. Mr. President, I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Senator FEINSTEIN, Senator CLINTON, thank my distinguished colleague, the objection, it is so ordered. Senator CORZINE, Senator BOXER, Sen- Senator from New Jersey, for intro- Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I ask ator DASCHLE, Senator DODD, Senator ducing this resolution in such a timely unanimous consent that Denese Mer- SCHUMER, Senator HATCH, Senator manner. I was proud to be an original ritt, a congressional fellow in Senator MURRAY, Senator COLEMAN, Senator cosponsor. I believe it is essential the GORDON SMITH’s office, be granted floor WYDEN, Senator BROWNBACK, Senator Senate and our Congress be on record privileges during the debate. REID, Senator LEAHY, Senator GRAHAM standing against hate and bias and dis- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of Florida, Senator BAYH, and Senator crimination, and particularly the kind objection, it is so ordered. CHAMBLISS are all cosponsors of my of anti-Semitism that flowed at the f resolution. meeting yesterday in Malaysia. I join with Senator LAUTENBERG in CONDEMNATION OF ANTI-SEMITIC I believe the leaders of the Muslim urging the President to raise this di- STATEMENTS BY MAHATHIR world should be encouraging mutual rectly with the Malaysian Government MOHAMAD tolerance and understanding between people of different faiths. Instead, Dr. and with the other participants in the Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I Mohamad’s anti-Semitic remarks will APEC meeting. I appreciate the quick rise this evening to call the Senate’s only serve to undermine the peace and action of Senator LAUTENBERG in en- attention to a despicable expression of security people of all faiths seek so suring our Senate could go on record hatred that occurred in Malaysia yes- earnestly. while this meeting is still occurring. terday. In his address to the opening of I send a resolution to the desk and f the 57-nation summit of Islamic na- ask for its immediate consideration. MEASURE PLACED ON THE tions, Malaysia’s Prime Minister, Dr. This resolution has been cleared, as I CALENDAR—S. 1751 Mahathir Mohamad, urged Muslims understand it, on both sides. around the world to unite against the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I under- Jews who he says rule the world by clerk will report the resolution by stand that S. 1751 is at the desk and is proxy. title. due for a second reading. Dr. Mahathir is a man known for his The legislative clerk read as follows: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The incendiary public condemnations of the A resolution (S. Res. 247) calling on the clerk will read the title of the bill for United States, Israel, and the western President to condemn the anti-Semitic sen- the second time. world. Yesterday, his rhetoric esca- timents expressed by Dr. Mahathir The legislative clerk read as follows:

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00084 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.078 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12853 A bill (S. 1751) to amend the procedures SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW NATIONAL to provide for the establishment by the Sec- that apply to consideration of interstate CEMETERIES. retary of Veterans Affairs of five additional class actions to assure fairer outcomes for (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than four cemeteries in the National Cemetery Sys- class members and defendants and for other years after the date of the enactment of this tem.’’, do pass with the following amend- purposes. Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, in ac- ments: Mr. FRIST. I object to further pro- cordance with chapter 24 of title 38, United Ω1æ Page 2, line 8, strike out øfive¿ and in- ø ¿ ceedings. States Code, shall establish five six new sert: six national cemeteries. The new cemeteries Ω2æ Page 2, after line 18, insert: f shall be located in the following locations (6) The Sarasota County, Florida, area. CLASS ACTION FAIRNESS ACT OF (those locations having been determined by Ω3æ Page 3, line 17, strike out øfive¿ and in- 2003—MOTION TO PROCEED the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to be the sert: six most appropriate locations for new national Amend the title so as to read: ‘‘An Act to Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask cemeteries): provide for the establishment by the Sec- unanimous consent that the Senate (1) Southeastern Pennsylvania. retary of Veterans Affairs of additional proceed to the consideration of Cal- (2) The Birmingham, Alabama, area. cemeteries in the National Cemetery Admin- endar No. 117, S. 274, the class action (3) The Jacksonville, Florida, area. istration.’’ (4) The Bakersfield, California, area. fairness legislation. I further ask unan- f imous consent that all after the enact- (5) The Greenville/Columbia, South Caro- lina, area. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL TO ing clause be stricken, and the text of (6) The Sarasota County, Florida, area. JACKIE ROBINSON S. 1751 be inserted in lieu thereof; fur- (b) FUNDS.—Amounts appropriated for the ther, that the language be considered Department of Veterans Affairs for any fis- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask as original text for the purpose of fur- cal year after fiscal year 2003 for Advance unanimous consent that the Senate ther amendment. Planning shall be available for the purposes proceed to the immediate consider- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there of subsection (a). ation of H.R. 1900. objection? (c) SITE SELECTION PROCESS.—In deter- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, I ob- mining the specific sites for the new ceme- clerk will report the bill by title. ject. teries required by subsection (a) within the The legislative clerk read as follows: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- locations specified in that subsection, the A bill (H.R. 1900) to award a congressional Secretary shall solicit the advice and views tion is heard. gold medal to Jackie Robinson (post- of representatives of State and local vet- humously), in recognition of his many con- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask erans organizations and other individuals as unanimous consent that the Senate tributions to the Nation, and to express the the Secretary considers appropriate. sense of the Congress that there should be a now proceed to S. 1751, Senator GRASS- (d) INITIAL REPORT.—Not later than 120 national day in recognition of Jackie Robin- LEY’s class action bill, which is now on days after the date of the enactment of this son. the calendar. Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a report on the establishment of the national There being no objection, the Senate objection? cemeteries required by subsection (a). The proceeded to consider the bill. Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, I ob- report shall— Mr. FRIST. I ask unanimous consent ject. (1) set forth a schedule for the establish- that the bill be read a third time and Mr. FRIST. I ask unanimous consent ment of each such cemetery and an estimate passed, the motion to reconsider be of the costs associated with the establish- that it now be in order to make a mo- laid upon the table, and that any state- ment of each such cemetery; and ments relating to the bill be printed in tion to proceed to S. 1751. (2) identify the amount of Advance Plan- the RECORD. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ning Funds obligated for purposes of this sec- objection, it is so ordered. tion as of the submission of the report. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. FRIST. I now move to proceed to (e) ANNUAL REPORTS.—The Secretary shall objection, it is so ordered. S. 1751, and I further ask unanimous submit to Congress an annual report on the The bill (H.R. 1900) was read the third consent that the motion be tempo- implementation of this section until the es- time and passed. rarily set aside and that the Senate re- tablishment of all øfive¿ six cemeteries is f sume consideration of the motion on completed and each such cemetery has opened. The Secretary shall include in each CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL TO Monday, October 20, at 2 p.m. such annual report an update of the informa- JACKIE ROBINSON The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tion provided under paragraphs (1) and (2) of objection, it is so ordered. Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask subsection (d). unanimous consent that the Senate (f) DEFINITION OF SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYL- f proceed to the immediate consider- VANIA.—In this section, the term ‘‘south- NATIONAL CEMETERY EXPANSION eastern Pennsylvania’’ means the city of ation of Calendar No. 311, S. 300. ACT OF 2003 Philadelphia and Berks County, Bucks Coun- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask ty, Chester County, Delaware County, Phila- clerk will report the title of the bill. unanimous consent that the Senate delphia County, and Montgomery County in The legislative clerk read as follows: proceed to the immediate consider- the State of Pennsylvania. A bill (S. 300) to award a congressional gold ation of Calendar No. 307, H.R. 1516. Amend the title to read: ‘‘An Act to pro- medal to Jackie Robinson (posthumously), in vide for the establishment by the Secretary The PRESIDING OFFICER. The recognition of his many contributions to the of Veterans Affairs of additional cemeteries Nation, and to express the sense of the Con- clerk will report the bill by title. in the National Cemetery Administration.’’. gress that there should be a national day in The legislative clerk read as follows: Mr. FRIST. I ask unanimous consent recognition of Jackie Robinson. A bill (H.R. 1516) to provide for the estab- There being no objection, the Senate lishment by the Secretary of Veterans Af- that the committee amendments be fairs of five additional cemeteries in the Na- agreed to, that the bill, as amended, be proceeded to consider the bill. tional Cemetery System. read a third time and passed, the Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I come to There being no objection, the Senate amendment to the title be agreed to, the floor today to pay tribute to Jackie proceeded to consider the bill which the motion to reconsider be laid upon Robinson—a great ballplayer, great had been reported from the Committee the table, and that any statements re- leader and a great American. Most Americans know of Jackie Rob- on Veterans’ Affairs, with amend- lating to the bill be printed in the inson’s baseball greatness. He was the ments, as follows: RECORD. [Strike the parts shown in black The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without 1947 Rookie of the Year; the National brackets and insert the parts shown in objection, it is so ordered. League Most Valuable Player in 1949; italic.] The committee amendments were he lead the Dodgers to six pennants H.R. 1516 agreed to. and one World Series; he batted over 300 for his career; and he was elected to Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- The title amendment was agreed to. resentatives of the United States of America in The bill (H.R. 1516), as amended, was the Hall of Fame in 1962. Congress assembled, read the third time and passed, as fol- But there is, of course, far more to SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. lows: the story of Jackie Robinson than tal- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘National Resolved, That the bill from the House of ent and success on the baseball dia- Cemetery Expansion Act of 2003’’. Representatives (H.R. 1516) entitled ‘‘An Act mond.

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00085 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.142 S17PT1 S12854 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 Jackie Robinson was born in 1919 in benefit civil rights and voter registra- (4) In 1949, Jackie Robinson was voted the Cairo, GA. He was the grandson of a tion drives in the South. In 1964, Jackie National League’s Most Valuable Player by slave and son of a sharecropper. As a helped create a minority-owned com- the Baseball Writers Association of America. boy, he moved with his family to Pasa- mercial bank based in Harlem, New (5) In 1962, Jackie Robinson was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. dena, CA. Jackie was born a compet- York, called the Freedom National (6) Although the achievements of Jackie itor and excelled at sports from a Bank. He also started the Jackie Rob- Robinson began with athletics, they widened young age. His talents earned him a inson Construction Company to build to have a profound influence on civil and scholarship to UCLA, where he lettered low-income housing. human rights in America. in football, basketball, baseball, and On October 15, 1972, Jackie Robinson (7) The signing of Jackie Robinson as the track—and he was heralded as one of attended a World Series Game that first black player in Major League Baseball the best-all-around athletes in the commemorated the 25th anniversary of occurred before the United States military country. the breaking of the color line in base- was desegregated by President Harry Tru- After college, Robinson was drafted man, before the civil rights marches took ball. At the game, as he had done in place in the South, and before the Supreme into the Army. He rose to the rank of the past, Jackie called for more oppor- Court issued its historic ruling in Brown v. second lieutenant, and along the way tunities for black Americans. Unfortu- Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954). he fought for equality and against in- nately, Jackie passed away only 9 (8) The American public came to regard justice. Robinson and his good friend, days—later and today—56 years after Jackie Robinson as a person of exceptional the boxer Joe Louis, opened an Officer Jackie signed with the Brooklyn Dodg- fortitude, integrity, and athletic ability so Candidate School to black soldiers. ers—we have yet to achieve the oppor- rapidly that, by the end of 1947, he finished When Robinson was ordered to sit in tunity for all he so desired. ahead of President Harry Truman, General the back of a bus at Fort Hood, TX, he Jackie Robinson once said that, ‘‘a Dwight Eisenhower, General Douglas Mac- Arthur, and Bob Hope in a national poll for refused and was court-martialed. Rob- life is not important, except in the im- the most popular person in America, fin- inson stood his ground at the court pact it has on other lives.’’ Jackie Rob- ishing only behind Bing Crosby. martial, and for his bravery he was ex- inson not only impacted lives, he im- (9) Jackie Robinson was named vice presi- onerated when the order was ruled a pacted the very spirit of our country. dent of Chock Full O’ Nuts in 1957 and later violation of Army regulations. He was more than a sports hero—he co-founded the Freedom National Bank of After the Army, Robinson signed to was an American hero. Harlem. play for 2 years in the Negro Baseball And it is time for Congress to recog- (10) Leading by example, Jackie Robinson League for the Kansas City Monarchs. nize his heroic contributions to the Na- influenced many of the greatest political leaders in America. Then in 1947, Robinson signed with the tion by awarding him the Congres- (11) Jackie Robinson worked tirelessly Brooklyn Dodgers to become the first sional Gold Medal. The Congressional with a number of religious and civic organi- African-American to play in the major Gold Medal is the highest expression of zations to better the lives of all Americans. leagues. It’s hard to imagine the per- congressional appreciation and has (12) The life and principles of Jackie Rob- sonal courage this demanded of Robin- been bestowed on great leaders like inson are the basis of the Jackie Robinson son. Branch Rickey, the president of George Washington, Winston Churchill Foundation, which keeps his memory alive the Dodgers, said that, ‘‘Robinson was and Rosa Parks. I cannot think of a by providing children of low-income families the target of racial epithets and flying more deserving person to join this dis- with leadership and educational opportuni- ties. cleats, of hate letters and death tinguished group than Jackie Robin- (13) The legacy and personal achievements threats, of pitchers throwing at his son. of Jackie Robinson, as an athlete, a business head and legs, and catchers spitting on As I close my remarks, I thank the leader, and a citizen, have had a lasting and his shoes.’’ Boston Red Sox and Larry Luchino and positive influence on the advancement of But for all the hatred and ignorance George Mitrovich for helping with this civil rights in the United States. Robinson faced, he responded with legislation. I also thank Senator SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL. strength. Roger Kahn captured that MCCAIN for joining as our lead cospon- (a) PRESENTATION AUTHORIZED.—The Presi- strength in Boys of Summer when he sor and Representative RICHARD NEAL dent is authorized to present, on behalf of wrote that Robinson ‘‘bore the burden for passing this legislation through the Congress, to the family of Jackie Robinson, of a pioneer and the weight made him House of Representatives. a gold medal of appropriate design in rec- stronger. If one can be certain of any- Mr. FRIST. I ask unanimous consent ognition of the many contributions of Jackie Robinson to the Nation. thing in baseball, it is that we shall that the bill be read a third time and (b) DESIGN AND STRIKING.—For purposes of not look upon his like again.’’ passed, the motion to reconsider be the presentation referred to in subsection Today, it is hard to understand the laid upon the table, and that any state- (a), the Secretary of the Treasury (in this significance of Robinson signing in the ments relating to the bill be printed in Act referred to as the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall majors. It happened before our military the RECORD. strike a gold medal with suitable emblems, was desegregated, before the civil The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without devices, and inscriptions, to be determined rights marches in the South, and be- objection, it is so ordered. by the Secretary. fore the historic ruling in Brown v. the The bill (S. 300) was read the third SEC. 3. DUPLICATE MEDALS. Board of Education. Robinson engaged time and passed, as follows: Under such regulations as the Secretary America in a constructive conversation S. 300 may prescribe, the Secretary may strike and about race even before other great sell duplicates in bronze of the gold medal Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- struck under section 2 at a price sufficient to leaders like Martin Luther King. In- resentatives of the United States of America in cover the costs of the medals, including deed, King once said that his great cru- Congress assembled, labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and sade for racial justice would not have SECTION 1. FINDINGS. overhead expenses. Congress makes the following findings: been possible if not for Jackie Robin- SEC. 4. STATUS AS NATIONAL MEDALS. (1) Jackie Roosevelt Robinson was born on son. The medals struck under this Act are na- January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia, and was Robinson’s skill, demeanor and for- tional medals for purposes of chapter 51 of the youngest of 5 children. titude made him one of the most pop- title 31, United States Code. (2) Jackie Robinson attended the Univer- ular people in America, and he used his sity of California Los Angeles where he SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. fame to encourage the fair treatment starred in football, basketball, baseball, and (a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— of all people. His ideas and principles track. His remarkable skills earned him a There is authorized to be charged against the influenced John F. Kennedy and reputation as the best athlete in America. United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund Dwight Eisenhower. After retiring (3) In 1947, Jackie Robinson was signed by an amount not to exceed $30,000 to pay for from professional baseball in 1957, he the Brooklyn Dodgers and became the first the cost of the medal authorized under sec- black player to play in Major League Base- tion 2. dedicated himself to fighting for equal- (b) PROCEEDS OF SALE.—Amounts received ity and justice. He was a leader with ball. His signing is considered one of the most significant moments in the history of from the sale of duplicate bronze medals the NAACP, chairing its Freedom Fund professional sports in America. For his re- under section 3 shall be deposited in the Drive in 1957, and was awarded its high- markable performance on the field in his United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund. est achievement award. Jackie and his first season, he won the National League’s SEC. 6. SENSE OF CONGRESS. wife, Rachel, began annual concerts to Rookie of the Year Award. It is the sense of Congress that—

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00086 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.146 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12855 (1) there should be designated a national journ until 1:30 p.m., Monday, October 100th hour of presiding time. That day for the purpose of recognizing the ac- 20. I further ask that following the wasn’t all just tonight, but I know he complishments of Jackie Robinson; and prayer and pledge, the morning hour be may feel like it at this time, 7:30 in the (2) the President should issue a proclama- deemed expired, the Journal of pro- evening—100 hours during this first ses- tion calling on the people of the United States to observe the day with appropriate ceedings be approved to date, the time sion of the 108th Congress. Everybody ceremonies and activities. for the two leaders be reserved for their in this body owes him a debt of grati- use later in the day, and the Senate tude for his service to this institution f then begin a period for morning busi- as he presides over us just about every EXECUTIVE SESSION ness until 2 p.m., with the time equally Friday, I believe, with a firm but a divided between the two leaders or very fair gavel. their designees, provided that at 2 p.m. f EXECUTIVE CALENDAR we resume the debate on the motion to ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT Mr. FRIST. I ask unanimous consent proceed to the consideration of S. 1751. that the Senate immediately proceed The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. FRIST. If there is no further to executive session to consider the fol- objection, it is so ordered. business to come before the Senate, I lowing nominations on today’s Execu- Mr. FRIST. I further ask unanimous ask unanimous consent the Senate tive Calendar: Calendar Nos. 406, 407, consent that at 5:15 p.m., the Senate stand in adjournment under the pre- 408, and 409. I further ask unanimous proceed to executive session as pro- vious order, following the remarks of consent that the nominations be con- vided under the previous order. Senator DAYTON. firmed, the motions to reconsider be The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without laid upon the table, the President be objection, it is so ordered. objection, it is so ordered. immediately notified of the Senate’s f The Senator from Minnesota is rec- ognized. action, and that the Senate then return PROGRAM to legislative session. f Mr. FRIST. For the information of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without all Senators, as I mentioned earlier SENATOR SUNUNU’S GOLDEN objection, it is so ordered. today, it had been my hope that we GAVEL The nominations considered and con- could work out an agreement to con- Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, I join firmed are as follows: sider the healthy forest issue during the distinguished majority leader in DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Monday’s session. Chairman COCHRAN expressing my appreciation for your Peter Lichtenbaum, of Virginia, to be an has been working diligently toward an presence here this evening. I assure the Assistant Secretary of Commerce. agreement to consider amendments on Chair I will not take him too far down EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT both sides of the aisle on that legisla- the path to his next 100 hours—not to- Harvey S. Rosen, of New Jersey, to be a tion. Unfortunately, there is an objec- night, anyway. Member of the Council of Economic Advis- tion to proceeding to the measure from I was in the dubious position of being ers. the other side. We will continue our 100th in seniority for the previous 2 Kristin J. Forbes, of Massachusetts, to be a years. I did not achieve my golden Member of the Council of Economic Advis- discussions on that important legisla- ers. tion. I hope we may still reach a con- gavel status as swiftly as the Senator sent for its consideration as soon as from New Hampshire, but I did. I suf- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE possible. fered through many hours when I Julie L. Myers, of Kansas, to be an Assist- would rather have been elsewhere in ant Secretary of Commerce. On Monday, under the previous order, we will resume debate on the motion to order to achieve that. I again thank f proceed to the class action bill. Again, the distinguished Chair and also com- UNANIMOUS CONSENT AGREE- this is a critically important bill that mend him for the dignity and the stat- MENT—EXECUTIVE CALENDAR we hope to consider and complete next ure with which he presides over what week, but there is an objection from are, as we both know, occasionally un- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask the Democratic side. We do have a ruly adults. unanimous consent that at 5:15 p.m. on number of Senators who are very inter- Monday, October 20, the Senate pro- f ested in this bill and will be here on ceed to executive session to consider IRAQ Monday prepared to speak on its be- the following nomination on today’s half. Mr. DAYTON. A year ago this month, Executive Calendar: Calendar No. 401, Under the earlier consent, we will Congress cast a fateful vote. The ma- the nomination of Margaret Catharine proceed to a vote on a judicial nomina- jority decided to give the President Rodgers to be U.S. District Judge for tion at 5:15 p.m. and that will be the blanket authority to declare war the Northern District of Florida. I fur- first vote of Monday’s session. against Iraq. On several occasions dur- ther ask unanimous consent that the Again, I do want to thank all Mem- ing our deliberations over that resolu- Senate then immediately proceed to a bers for their tremendous efforts over tion, I had the good fortune to be on vote on the confirmation of the nomi- the course of this week. It took many the Senate floor when the great Sen- nation; further, that following the busy days, and many long hours, well ator from West Virginia, the senior vote, the President be immediately no- into the night, but we did accomplish Senator, spoke. Both Senators from tified of the Senate’s action and the what we set out to do, and that was to West Virginia are truly outstanding Senate then return to legislative ses- complete the Iraq supplemental. Senators and men. One is extraor- sion. Today, we had 11 rollcall votes culmi- dinary in his seniority in this body and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without nating with a vote on passage, 87 to 12, also the wisdom he has acquired objection, it is so ordered. a strong bipartisan vote. I, once again, through his experience and service and f thank Chairman STEVENS for his tire- his search for the history of this coun- try and the history of other countries LEGISLATIVE SESSION less efforts in helping shepherd this bill through the Senate. throughout the world and across the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under f spans of time. the previous order, the Senate will now It was my great opportunity, sitting return to legislative session. CONGRATULATING SENATOR in that chair where the Presiding Offi- SUNUNU f cer now sits, to be instructed about Mr. FRIST. Last, Mr. President, I this country, especially the Constitu- ORDERS FOR MONDAY, OCTOBER congratulate the current occupant of tion which all of us take our oath of of- 20, 2003 the chair, the junior Senator from New fice to uphold, that extraordinary doc- Mr. FRIST. Mr. President, I ask Hampshire. Just a short time ago, ument which has shown, over the span unanimous consent that when the Sen- about an hour and a half ago, at ap- of more than two centuries, a fore- ate completes its business today, it ad- proximately 6 p.m., he reached his sight, a vision, an understanding of

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00087 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A17OC6.089 S17PT1 S12856 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 17, 2003 human nature and an appreciation for which to make them, using the sup- important efforts were barely under- the potential we bring and the pitfalls plies that presumably were not less way and were badly behind already— we must avoid. It has been unprece- than what were known to exist when like finding and eliminating Saddam dented in the history of the world and the United Nations weapons inspectors Hussein himself; like restoring basic has produced, along with the quality of were evicted in December of 1998. But services, electricity and running water; our citizenry, the most successful form our intelligence officials, in the meet- like connecting, communicating, and of self-governance that has ever been ings and briefings which I attended, cooperating with the Iraqi citizenry. devised or practiced on this planet. never asserted more than that, nor did Those delays, and the lack of tangible As a result of much of what I learned they assert a 100-percent certainty that progress made in those areas and oth- from Senator BYRD, I voted against the those amounts of products still did re- ers, have been costly. resolution which passed the Senate last main in Iraq, nor did they ever state The price is paid, tragically, by our October. I did that because those tuto- that Iraq was known to be close to de- own service men and women—those pa- rials convinced me that by acting at veloping nuclear weapons. They said triotic, courageous, and extraordinary that point, before the President him- they didn’t know. Americans who won the military vic- self had decided whether to recommend My own experience over the last year tory in Iraq just 3 weeks from the first or undertake an invasion of Iraq, the is that the discrepancies between our day of the invasion to the triumphant commencing of a war against another intelligence information and what we takeover of Baghdad, the toppling of country, for Congress then to pass not now know with 20/20 hindsight are far Saddam Hussein himself, and the stat- a declaration of war, which the Con- less, than the differences which on sev- ue coming down, symbolically, as the stitution prescribes, but rather a reso- eral occasions I witnessed between regime was overthrown. As other col- lution authorizing, with its usual eu- what the intelligence briefers were leagues have noted here tonight, that phemism, something like ‘‘whatever telling us and what the high level ad- was a great boon to the Iraqi people force necessary in order to accomplish ministration officials, especially the and to the world. the objectives,’’ Congress was abdi- President and the Vice President, were At the same time, American forces and British forces—primarily the coali- cating to the President that constitu- telling us and were telling the Amer- tion, being essentially those two na- tional responsibility which it had no ican people and the people of the world. tions—took over occupancy of most of right or authority to pass on. Every time that occurred, adminis- The Constitution says clearly that tration officials portrayed the threat Hussein’s former presidential palaces. the Congress shall declare war, that from Iraq’s likely weapons of mass de- When I was there, the estimate was Congress and only Congress shall make struction as more certain, more ur- there were 120 of them throughout the that final decision whether or not to gent, and more dangerous than it country—the most incredible waste of declare war and to commit this coun- turned out to be. The most glaring resources one could imagine contrasted to the squalor in which most Iraqis try to that course of action against an- gaps, therefore, between fears and fic- were living their lives. other nation, at which point the Presi- tion and facts occurred when the intel- At that time also, American forces dent is the Commander in Chief and ligence information exaggerated the had accomplished dispersal of Saddam undertakes the prosecution of the war. threat, and then the Bush administra- Hussein’s army, of his political party, It is exactly that balance of power the tion exaggerated that threat. top government officials, and the When 138,000 or more U.S. troops and Constitution wanted to achieve. henchmen who spread that tyranny, I also said last October that I was not a reported 1,400 weapons of mass de- and even Saddam Hussein himself. persuaded at that time by the intel- struction hunters and investigators in American Armed Forces won. The mis- ligence and other information that I the course of 6 months can find noth- sion was accomplished. Their objec- received to that point that Saddam ing, virtually none of the primary rea- tives had been achieved. The job had Hussein’s estimated military arsenal sons we went to war in that country, been exceptionally well done. All of constituted an imminent and urgent that is about as glaring a gap as it that training, all of that traveling and threat to the national security of the gets. But blaming the intelligence preparing, and all their upbringing, United States of America. I may not gatherers missed the real culprits. The bravery, devotion to their country, have been privy to every piece of infor- information users are the ones who their service, faith, and hard work, all mation that a few of the more senior should be investigated, not the pro- came together effectively and success- colleagues in this body had at the time, viders. That is the investigation which fully and they achieved what they particularly members of the Senate’s should be conducted. That is the inves- needed to do, overwhelmingly. Select Committee on Intelligence, but tigation which the White House is That should have been the end, or as a member myself of the Senate doing everything possible to prevent. very close to it. Their victory was deci- Armed Services Committee, I did have The investigation the administration sive, their victory was complete, and much of the information acquired from cares about wants the answers, at least they should have been going home. participating in a score of briefings, the answers that they want there to be, Most of them should be home today. many of them classified top secret. concerning the search for Iraq’s weap- Most of them were expected to be home In my best judgment, from all the in- ons of mass destruction. That appeared today. One hundred and thirty-eight telligence that was presented to me to be their No. 1 priority, their No. 2 thousand American troops remain in over a 5-year period of time, the case priority, and perhaps their whole top Iraq today—more duration than what against Iraq was inconclusive and un- 10. Several of my colleagues on the was planned for at this stage in the op- convincing. Furthermore, it was pre- Senate Armed Services Committee and eration. Instead, for the present time sented to us by our top intelligence of- the chairman and ranking members of and for the foreseeable future, 138,000, ficials as incomplete and inconclusive. the Senate Intelligence Committee and or close to that number, will have to Those officials, in my judgment and I traveled to Iraq in July and saw first- remain in Iraq. Many of them are Min- my experience, were very candid about hand and were briefed about the pri- nesotans. Others have had their tours the information they were providing ority operations beginning or under- of duty extended 6 months. us. They were candid about its uncer- way there. The one that was far ahead Most of my colleagues and I went tainty. They were candid about its reli- of the rest in development, in deploy- home to our respective States and vis- ability. They were candid about the ment, and in resources committed to it ited with families and spouses who are difficulty to obtain reliable, accurate, was the search for Iraq’s weapons of getting desperate about the absence of and timely information in a country as mass destruction. their husbands, their wives, their sons, closed as Iraq, where the penalty for Again, it has been reported publicly and their daughters with extensions of any transgression could be torture and that some 1,400 professional intel- duty, not knowing when the end point death. ligence gatherers, processors, and pros- will be. Many of them still do not have It was reasonable to assume back ecutors have been scouring that coun- a definite return date. then that Saddam Hussein possessed try, investigating, incarcerating, inter- It is a terrible way for the military biological and chemical weapons of rogating. During that time, and the and the administration to be mis- mass destruction, or materials with time we were there, many of the other treating those who are making these

VerDate jul 14 2003 03:51 Oct 18, 2003 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00088 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G17OC6.151 S17PT1 October 17, 2003 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S12857 heroic sacrifices on behalf of their tant supplemental today by both the itself is not enough, as we learned on country, and who are doing so at great House and the Senate to mark the be- September 11. We need allies, friends, personal risk. Often during the course ginning of a new chapter in under- eyes, ears, intelligence all over the of their responsibilities, they are ex- taking to restore our conduct before world. We need to establish in the eyes posed to the rest of their surroundings, the world, the dignity, the civility, and of nations that now misunderstand us standing at station, and are targets as integrity which our great Nation de- and our way of life; we need to show- they guard public and private property serves and upon which it has built its case as we have been doing the last 2 and other locations and highways reputation and its leadership position years in Afghanistan and as we must do throughout that country. in the world. now over the next 2 years in Iraq and Since the takeover of the country I urge especially the Vice President Afghanistan, what it is about our way militarily by U.S. forces, they have had to stop attacking the United Nations of life, our economy, our technological to become more stationary. The point which was founded over half a century know-how, our compassion, our gen- which should have been the end, or ago by American leaders of both polit- erosity, what it is about all Americans close to it, but which is really barely ical parties. It has been nurtured, guid- that makes us a people who have so the beginning, American soldiers every ed, supported, and strengthened during much to offer the rest of our fellow single day are being attacked, wound- that time as the best hope of the citizens throughout this planet. ed, maimed, and murdered. It has oc- human race, to keep all nations of the I urge the President and the Vice curred while they are waiting for the world striving together for the peaceful President and the administration to rest of these other operations to get resolution of our differences and the demonstrate the best qualities of started and start getting the necessary prevention of the next world war, America. If they do so, I believe what results. Every day that those other op- which most believe will be the last comes out of this undertaking will be erations aren’t accomplishing what world war. Through that diplomatic ef- one that we will all be able to live they must, aren’t getting the resources fort, working through the differences with, better off than we were for many they need, aren’t being given the prior- and the difficulties and all the barriers decades to come. Conversely, a failure ities they should be given, for every and obstacles that remain among the to do so will have catastrophic con- one of those additional days American human race, it has succeeded in pre- sequences for decades to come. troops must remain in Iraq, American venting that kind of holocaust for the troops are likely to die in Iraq. last half century. It has prevented the f It is our responsibility to get the rest scourge. It has been successful in dis- of that job done—to get their govern- couraging other nations from launch- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL MONDAY, ment elected and in charge of the coun- ing preemptive military strikes OCTOBER 20, 2003, AT 1:30 P.M. try, restore domestic law and order, against other countries and provoking The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under a train the Iraqi police force so they can additional conflict and conflagration previous order, the Senate stands in maintain that, get the society func- that always threaten and risk esca- adjournment until 1:30 p.m., Monday, tioning—once again, a lot of which has lation and annihilation. October 20, 2003. been accomplished. And much has been Other nations of the world have been Thereupon, the Senate, at 7:52 p.m; accomplished. It is important to ac- harangued and denounced for not adjourned until Monday, October 20, knowledge that. Hospitals have re- agreeing with the decisions that were 2003, at 1:30 p.m. opened. They now need to be supplied made by this Nation’s Government. I with the tools and be rehabilitated. An urge a new spirit of genuine coopera- f economy that is producing again—pro- tion, partnership, recognition of their NOMINATIONS ducing jobs, producing wealth, pro- legal and moral autonomy as they also ducing resources—can bring Iraq back decide whether to commit their own re- Executive nomination received by into the civilized world. sources, their own citizens, the lives of the Senate October 17, 2003: A genuine international sharing their young men and women to the un- DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE must be achieved. The ongoing costs of dertakings which we believe are impor- JAMES B. COMEY, OF NEW YORK, TO BE DEPUTY AT- responsibilities and risks are still tant but we have no right to compel TORNEY GENERAL, VICE LARRY D. THOMPSON, RE- SIGNED. going to be required during this transi- other nations to adopt. tion until Iraq can take care of itself. Whether we felt one way or the f For those things to occur with other other, viewed the situation one way or CONFIRMATIONS nations of the world, the United States the other a year ago, the facts are, Executive nominations confirmed by must offer to provide a genuine sharing clearly, today we are committed to a the Senate October 17, 2003: of control of postwar Iraq. It means the country with 138,000 of our men and DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Bush administration doesn’t make all women who are risking their lives and PETER LICHTENBAUM, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE AN ASSIST- of the decisions. It means their cor- demonstrating courage and patriotism ANT SECRETARY OF COMMERCE. porate cronies don’t get all of the con- to sustain that operation. We owe it to EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT tracts and the profits. It means their them. We owe it to the world and to HARVEY S. ROSEN, OF NEW JERSEY, TO BE A MEMBER colleagues in the majority caucus in ourselves and to future generations to OF THE COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS. the Senate should not get the only now complete this undertaking in the KRISTIN J. FORBES, OF MASSACHUSETTS, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS. military transport escort to tour that ways that bring out the best of Amer- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE country to assess the situation and to ica, that showcase the best of America JULIE L. MYERS, OF KANSAS, TO BE AN ASSISTANT support our troops. for the world. That is where our ulti- SECRETARY OF COMMERCE. In fact, I would respectfully urge the mate national security is going to de- THE ABOVE NOMINATIONS WERE APPROVED SUBJECT President and the Vice President espe- TO THE NOMINEES’ COMMITMENT TO RESPOND TO RE- rive, from continued military pre- QUESTS TO APPEAR AND TESTIFY BEFORE ANY DULY cially to use the passage of this impor- eminence, absolutely. That in and of CONSTITUTED COMMITTEE OF THE SENATE.

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