Mozambican Revolution, No. 9

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Alternative title Revolution Author/Creator Mozambique Liberation Front - FRELIMO Contributor Department of Information [FRELIMO] Publisher Mozambique Liberation Front - FRELIMO Date 1964-08 Resource type Magazines (Periodicals) Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Mozambique Coverage (temporal) 1964 Source Northwestern University Library, L967.905 M939 Rights By kind permission of the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO). Description Editorial; Expulsion of Leo Milas from FRELIMO; Portugese Ropressive measures against the Mozambican people; Cooperation between imperialists; Pipeline Link betvween Mozambique and S. R.; What did the newspapers said about the visit of the Portuguese President to Mozambique; Mozambique, Land of spies, forts, dreams Format extent 11 page(s) (length/size)

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http://www.aluka.org Official Organ of the MOZAMBIQUE LIBERATION FRONT

Official Organ of the MOZAMBIQUE LIBERATION FRONT (FR3:LIMO) Edited by the Information Department 1111EI(l)

0ZA121CA1 EVOLUTION AUGUST 1964 Na 9 Edited by: FfiI1LIiIO Information Depdrtnl nt 201, Nkru:ah St: 'et, bor 175,274 D i R 7;S SAAII n tdRon;Lblic o-, Tan,--anyJ-k,-. and Zanzibar Edit orial 2 Expulsion of Leo Milas froir± FRELLIO 4 Portuguose Roprossive measures against the Mozambican pecjple 5 Cooperation between imperialists 7 Pipeline Link between Mozambique and S. R. 7 What did the newspapers said about the "visit of the Portuguese President to Mozambique 8 MOZAMBIQU , Land of spies, forts dreams 9 M R - MOZAMBICAN REVOLUTION FRELIMO Information Department 201, Nkrumah Street, Box 15274 Dar Es Salaam, U.R. Tanganyika & Z'bar

EDITORIAL The African popular masses are well aware of what they want. The movement for the emancipation of is motivated by the united will of the people to liberate themselves completely from the exploitation and imperialistic oppression. The anti-popular interests, using words which sometimes express popular sentiments and desires of the masses, succeed at times in history, to carry away the popular masses towards their game. But it won't be long before the people recognise the trick and react. We do not go very far to illustrate our conclusion. Africa itself gives many evident exampoles. Anyone who follows events in the developments of Africa very closely will easily imnderstand what we mean. The demonstrations held soon after the American intervention in the Congo is significant enough. It appears that this interference was requested by a recognised government - the Government of the Congo. Inspite of that fact, the African people raised a protest against such interferference. Thus, throughout Africa, particulary in East Africa, the people went out into the streets with placards saying, YANKEES GO HOME! CONGO FOR THE CONGOLESE ! AFRICA FOR AFRICANS ! protesting against American Imperialism. This American interference should be watched very carefully, particulary by those of us who are fighting for the liberation of our country. In fact this is not the first time that America has interfered in a similar situation - Vietnam is a flagrant example. Under the pretext of aiding and maintaining peace and unity of the people, the U.S. has come in to create 3haos and delay the progress of the country. Later, with the other imperialist allies, they declare that the people were not ready for independence. But we all know that any people, however primitive they may be, are absolutely capable of ruling themselves. The Portuguese, for example, say that they cannot grant independence to their colonies, alleging that they do not wish to create other Congos WHo are directly responsible for the situation in the Congo if not the imperialists ? Weren't they the ones who created the secession of Katanga to further their own economic interests ?

-3- Yesterday when they were discussing the division of the "Congo Basin" the imperialists - Belgians and Americans - were in conlfict: Today when they are fighting the popular forces which are capable of giving a new and more African destiny to the Congo, both of them are united and it now appears as though the leadership is under the American imperialism. Brothers, our struggle is a serious and difficult one. The events in other countries, partciulary in the Congo, should serve as an example. We must be vigilant against the imperialistic maneuvres. The phase we are now going through in Mozambique makes it difficult to single out the enemy's agehts. As we said before, imperialism can also use our own words to camouflage their own aims. The imperialists can today show themselves favourable to our national independence, because inwardly they are preparing their agents with the help of whom they will continue to exploit and dominate our Motherland. Our recognition of these facts, our constant vigilance, our firm determination to fights to the bitter end, is the guarantee of our total success. WE WANT TOTAL AND UNCONDITIONAL INDEPENDENCE FOR MOZAMBIQUE WE WANT A FREE AND UNITED AFRICA BASED ON THE ASPIRATIONS OF THE AFRICAN MASSES !

-4- EXPULSION OF LEO MILAS FROM FRELIMO From a circular of the C.C. of FRELIMO dated on 25th August 64. "The Central Committee of the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) announces that Leo Clington Aldridge,Jr. also known as Leo Aldridge-Milas, or simply, Leo Milas, born in Pittsburgh TexasU.S.A,, so-n of Leo Clington Aldridge, Sr. and of Catherine Bell Miles, both of San Pedro, California, U.S.A., has been deprived of all his functions as member of the Central Committee and of FRELIMO. The findings of the inquiry which was undertaken in connexion with the activities of Leo Aldridge-Milas, forced the Central Committee to conclude that he was guilty of the following:f 1. Deliberate falsification of his identity, including willful alteration of his name in order to conceal his true identity, falsification of the place and country of his birth as well as those of his parents, falsification of the places and country where he attended primary and secondary schools; 2. Activities against the cohesion and unity of the members of the Central Committee; 3. Activities tending towards thecreation of division amongst the rank and file members of FRELIMO; 4. Moral and political dishonesty; 5. False accusations against certain members of FRELIMO which resulted in expulsions engineered by him; and 6. Activities which were likely to create a bad reputation for FRELIMO, carried out in cooperation with persons known to be involved with Portuguese colonialism and imperialism. For quite a long time the Central Committee of FRELIMO had been carrying out investigations into the activities of Leo Aldridge-Milas, activities which had been harmful to FRELIMO, and to the struggle of the Mozambican people. On several occasions, the Central Committee, collectively or individually, and particulary the President of FRELIMO, endeavoured to help Leo Aldridge-Milas- .to correct himself, and to convince him to change his behaviour. However, in spite of the fraternal but firm attitude of

-5 the President of FRELIMO and the Central Committee in regard to Leo Aldridge- Milas, he did not wish to correct himself. On the contrary, Leo Aldridge-Milas was to be sent away from Dar es Salaam as disciplinary measure to a post overseas where he would represent FRELIMO° For a number of months Leo Aldridge-Milas resisted this appointment, and when he was forced to leave Dar es Salaam, he continued in his attempts to divide the organisation, using every means of comunication available to him. The inquiry which was undertaken concerning the activities of Leo Aldridge- Milas enabled the Central Committee to obtain information from which the conblusions outlined above were drawn. In this connexion, it is important to underline one of the namely, that, contrary to his assertions, Leo Aldridge-Milas is not a Mozambican, and that official documents in the possession of the Central Committee prove beyond doubt that he is a citizen of the United States of IAerica,,having been born in the State of Texas, and that his parents, also native born citizens of United States, still live in Southern California. In the face of such evidence, the Central Committee of FRELIMO decided to take most severe disciplinary measures against Leo Aldridge-Milas, which included his immediate expulsion from FRELIMO. Leo Aldridge-Milas was forthwith notified directly of the accusations thus formulated against him, accusations the truth of which recognized and accepted. The Central Committee, therefore, meeting on the 14th of August 1964, adopted a unanimous decision to deprive Leo Aldridge-Milas, or simply, Leo Milas of all his functions as member of the Central Committee and expelled him from FRELIMO. INDEPENDENCE OR DEATH. PORTUGUESE REPRESSIVE MEASURES AGAINST THE MOZAMBICAN PEOPLE 1. METALLIC AIRSTRIPS FOR THE PORTUGUESE MILITARY PLANES Metallic airstrips are being built in different parts of the Mozambican territory in order to serve the Portuguese Air Force in Mozambique in its destructive mission.

-6- During the "visit" of Salazar puppet Mr. Americo Tomas, a Portuguese capitalist named Jose Lopes offered a metallic airstrip to the Portuguese air force in Mozambique. He declared that this offer should commemorate the "visit" of the Portuguese President to Mozambique. The airstrip is supposed to be used at Air Base No.10. Mozambique is a reservoir of richness where the imperialists come to pick up what they need to full their pockets and satisfy their appetites. The Portuguese administration works as an agent of these economical interests. Portugal couldn't support the price of the war if these capitalist interests did not supply money and material to protect their interests. Mr. Lopes is only one example. Many others, Portuguese, and non-Portuguese (British, American, Swiss, French, Belgian, West German, etc.) pay for the war that Portugal is preparing and for the murders that she is doing in Mozambique. 2. FORQA AEREA VOLUNTARIA (VOLUNTARY AIR FORCE) In our last issues we gave information about the Provincial organisation of volunteers, which is a system of organised oppression of the Mozambican people. News from home said that these forces of so called volunteers, include an air force. This air force is also called Voluntary Air Force. It comes as supplement to the well known Portuguese Air Force which uses all kinds of planes supplied to Portugal by her NATO allies. The Voluntary Air Force is also organised in bases. So we have to face the military air bases plus the voluntary air bases covering the whole of our motherland.

-7- COOPERATION BETWEEN IMPERIALISTS Mr. Smith is expected to "visit" Portugal on his way to London for talks on the Southern Rhodesia issue. He is expected to see the fascist Portuguese Premier Salazar. It is clear that they want to study and plan better ways of maintaining their rules over the African peoples. We know that they have not abandoned their plan to establish a white line separating , Rodesia, Mozambique and from their brother states to the north, under which line the white minorities could rule the majority black populations. This plan was supported by the diabolic alliance of Verwoerd, Salazar and Welenski. The reappearence of Welenski in the S.R. political scene, leading a new party, can be considered as a prelude to new imperialistic manoeuvres. On August 12, Mr. Evan Campbell, Rhodesian High Commissioner in London, met in Lisbon with the top Portuguese colonial authorities. We arle confident that our brothers from are well aware of these manoeuvres, and that they will agree with us when we say, our cboperation mast be developed and our natural ties be strengthned. Our peoples are naturally united, and we are suffering from the same cause. Our enemies are united and they anjoy very close cooperation. Let us come togethor and help each other to break the chains that we have carried for centuries. The action against imperialist forces in Southern Africa needs to be planned on a larger level and must be well coordinated. PIPE LINE LINK BETWEEN MOZAMBIQUE AND BEIRA A pipeline link between Beira and Rhodesia will start to function next November. The pipeline has been built cooperativelyb by the 2ortuguese a~d the Southern R. Governments. It is owned by the Pipe] i-n On

-8- The pipeline stretches for 268 kilometres and 300 metres in Mozambique and 200 kilometres and 500 metres in S.R. It has also two stations for pumping. The pipeline is supposed to transport 660,900 tons of raw petrol on 1965. WHAT DIP THE NEWSPAPERS SAID ABOUT THE "VISIT" OF THE PORTUGUESE PRESIDENT TO MOZAMBIAUE What we said in our last issue in the editorial about that visit" has been confirmed. The Portuguese President went to Mozambique to encourage the Portuguese there to remain. Their morale is really low. They don't feel themselves secure. During the "visit" a strong security police was set up to protect the President. The meetings were carefully prepared in order to avoid any "accident". "Official sources in Portu3a1 siad the principal result of th . 1residont's trip was to 11s*ow the world that peace, progress and racial harmony exist in Mozs.muique". " The President travelled. wihtout fear throughout the territory despite attempts by enemies of Portugal to create zones of suoversion" (Diario da Manha) " In MozarDique, vaguc nltiohalist threats against th! President did not materialize. The visit was highly successful according to most reports although a certain chill was noted in the northern rerion around Vila Cabral. The Portuguese have apparently been able to keep Nozambi que insulted from its neighbors both from racial troubles in S.A. and S.R. as well as nationalist currents in the now indee pendent Nalawi and Tanganyika." (New York Times, 20/8/64) TIME MAGAZINE "Salazar himself has never visited Mozambique - a fact that most white Mozambicanos resent. But last week his puppet President Rear Admiral Ameiico Deus Rodri!ues Tomas, cnncluded

-9- a two week swing through the country in an effort to prove that Lisbon really cares. From the Indian Ocean port of Louren;o Marques (where he reviewed 5,000 troops and 200 Alsatian, Doberman, boxer and labrador Surd dogs) to the- 7llages of Limpopo River Valley the sprightly, 69-year-old President met with rousing receptions and blizzards of confetti. But for all the outward signs of Welcome, Tomas was taking chances. "One bullet for the Presidents now will be worth 25,000 later" was the terrorist slogan, and Tomas was accomoanied by 58 security cops armed with maohine pistols. Last week as the President cruised along the reed-grown shores of Lake Nyasa and contemplanted the 20-mm Oerlikon cannon at his vessel's bow, he aptly expressed his nation's position. "I find great pleasure",Tomas proudly told his naval aides, "in crossing these Portuguese waters". (Time Magazine, August 14,1964) MOZAMBIQUE, LAND OF SPIES, FORTS, DREAMS Says "DRUM" on its issue of September 1964. We publish some extracts from a long article published in "BRUM" in order to give to our readers an idea, from another source than ourselves, of the present situation in Mozambique: "Censorship is strict in Mozambique and rumour and bar-talk sometimes more reliable than 'fact'. Journalists are not welcome unless they are sympathetic to the regime. But with tact and patience it is still possible to see and probe. For this report a DRUM team traveled the country and followed up with lengthy research. Is it war or peace for Mozambique? "Mozambique today is 50,000 square miles of armed fortress - a spy's dream. Police informers thrive and multiply - black white and brown ones creeping about and foraging for the infinitely tentacled PIDE (Policia International de Defesa do Estado). Above ground, bustnesslike military police - all helmet and gun - prowl city streets by night. And a whole army stands guard over the country. "Here 163,000 Portuguese outnumbered 40 to one by six million Africans, still insist Mozambique is an indivisible part of Portugal itself.

- 10 - "FORCED LABOUR CONTINUES TO EXIST" "Hereabouts they have lived, traded, even ruled for more than 400 years. They see themselves, as in quite recent speeches 'a chosen people ... taming the wildelness, building towns... teaching, educating and leading to a better life the rude mass of natives, disciplining their rudimentary instincts...' "But after four centuries at this 'great and succesful task' the African illiteracy rate is still woefully close to 99 per cent and forced labour continues to exist. MILITARY BUDGET : £65,000,000 "Portugal is Western Europe's poorest nation 'average income: £80 per year) but the defence budget has hit a new high at £65,000,000 and most of what is not required in the seemingly perpetual 'mopping up' operations against Angolan guerrillas is being poured into Mozambique. "Men and guns and more men and guns. Official figures are secret but a source in contact with Portuguese Security puts the number of forces at not less than 25,000. "Every settlement has its mobile detachement of troops, a civil defence covers every village and mission. Towns like Tete (white population 3,000) have become major military encapments. Mozambique long ragged border with Black Africa is systematically scoured by planes and land patrols. "The forces include assault units with Dutch-made automatic rifles, motors and machine guns, being trained to live off the land and fight independent of supply lines, as part of intensive jungle warfare training. " The army has light and heavy artillery, flame throwers, bazookas, armoured cars and even the rudest villager, who in the most remote places may still worship the lion and elephant, knows the exact effects of napalm bombing. Demonstrations on deserted villages have sent home the message. "And at Beira and Lourenoo Marques, outdated but still locally ideal French-built transport planes stand ready, each able to fly 45 fully-equipped paratroopers anywhere." END Dar es Salaam, August 1964.