LIZ FELDMAN Converting from Long Distance Running to Racewalking Is
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Age-Related Changes in Conventional Road Versus Off-Road Triathlon Performance Romuald Lepers, P.J
Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance Romuald Lepers, P.J. Stapley To cite this version: Romuald Lepers, P.J. Stapley. Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, Springer Verlag, 2011, 111 ((8)), pp.1687- 1694. hal-00702344 HAL Id: hal-00702344 https://hal-univ-bourgogne.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00702344 Submitted on 30 May 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2011, 111(8):1687-1694 Age-related changes in conventional road versus off-road triathlon performance Romuald Lepers1 & Paul J. Stapley2 1 University of Burgundy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, INSERM U887, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon Cedex, FRANCE 2 Balance and Voluntary Movement Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Ave West, Montreal, Quebec, H2W1S4, CANADA Running title: Age and Performance in off-road triathlon Corresponding author: Romuald Lepers Université de Bourgogne Faculté des Sciences du Sport INSERM U887 BP 27877 21078 Dijon Cedex France Tel : +33.3.80.39.67.60 Fax : +33.3.80.39.67.02 Email : [email protected] Abstract The aims of this study were: i) to analyze age-related declines in swimming, cycling, and running performances for road-based and off-road triathlons, and ii) to compare age-related changes in these three disciplines between road-based and off-road triathlons. -
Interview with Lizzy Kemp Salvato
69 Appendix A Interview with Lizzy Kemp Salvato 1. What type of sport had you participated in before racewalking? I did not engage in sport or exercise aside from a few aerobic classes before starting racewalking. 2. What were your motives to begin racewalking? A friend invited me to come along with a group of racewalkers that met every Monday- Wednesday-Friday night and Sunday mornings in Balboa Park, San Diego, California. I wanted to lose weight and it turned into a social thing. My parents had just divorced and older siblings had moved out of the home, so I was at loose ends and this filled a void in my life. 3. Do you feel you had a natural talent for this sport? When I joined the group the other racewalkers told me that I should be good because I have long legs; they kept on saying “you’re going to be good at this,” and that positive feedback gave me the motivation to keep up with the sport. 4. You first joined a group of racewalkers, then trained by yourself; can you tell me about that experience? This was a group of about 5 or 6 men and another woman, all over the age of 40. When I trained on my own the first few times my shins burned so much I almost quit, but the social aspects of the group kept me going. I started for the exercises and stayed for the social group – these men and woman became my mentors. I could talk about my life and they would give me advice on how to change majors or drop a class or handle life in general. -
Trail Running Guide
Trail Running Guide Martin Brilli & Jukka Puhakka Foreword The purpose of the guide is to work as an introduction to trail running, and raise interest towards the sport. The guide is for both beginners and advanced trail runners. All information provided by the guide is supported by scientific sources. This guide is published in cooperation with Kainuun Liikunta, which organizes multiple mass sport events, including Vuokatti Trail Challenge. The guide includes an introduction of the event and pictures from the previous years, taken by Vaarojen Valokuvaajat. The other pictures used in the guide are taken by the authors, unless mentioned otherwise. The authors of this guide graduated with Bachelor’s Degrees in Sports and Leisure Management from the Kajaani University of Applied Sciences. We hope that you enjoy the guide and wish you enjoyable runs on the trails! Martin & Jukka Table of content 1 What is trail running? 1 2 How to get started? 2 3 Setting up your goals 4 4 Training 5 4.1. Running 6 4.2. Strength training 7 4.3. Training week and periodization 12 5 Nutrition 15 6 Event presentation: Vuokatti Trail Challenge 17 7 References 18 1. What is Trail Running? Trail running is a sport where participants run different distances on trails in nature. According to International Trail Running Association (I-TRA), “trail running is a pedestrian race in a natural environment with minimal possible paved or asphalt road. The amount of roads should not exceed 20% of the distance.”1 However, recreational running on trails also fits in to the definition. -
January/February 1997 Issue $ S .O O NEW ORLEANS TRACK CLUB CONTENTS Established 1963 President’S Report
New Orleans Track Club, January/February 1997 Issue $ s .o o NEW ORLEANS TRACK CLUB CONTENTS Established 1963 President’s Report ...............................................................................................................3 P.O. Box 52003 Editor’s Report ....................................................................................................................3 New Orleans. LA 70152-2003 Executive Director Report ................................................................................................. 3 (504) 482-6682 New Members ....................................................................................................................4 FAX (504) 469-9268 Membership Form .......................................................................................................... 39 [email protected] 1995/1996 Board of Directors Race Results Rick Wilderman NOTC Grand Prix Results................................................................................................15 President • (885-1634) Jackson Day 1 /5/97........................................................................................................... 17 Rick Montgomery Nokia Sugar Bowl’s Mardi Gras Marathon 1/18/97......................................................20 VP/Editor • (833-5074) Jim Garvey Super Bowl/Chinese New Year 1/25/97 ........................................................................ 24 Treasurer • (283-8653) Tour de Parc 2/2/97 ....................................................................................................... -
Physiological Determinants of Ultramarathon Trail-Running Performance
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, (Ahead of Print) https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0766 © 2021 Human Kinetics, Inc. ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Physiological Determinants of Ultramarathon Trail-Running Performance Alexandra M. Coates, Jordan A. Berard, Trevor J. King, and Jamie F. Burr Context: The physiological determinants of ultramarathon success have rarely been assessed and likely differ in their contributions to performance as race distance increases. Purpose: To examine predictors of performance in athletes who completed either a 50-, 80-, or 160-km trail race over a 20-km loop course on the same day. Methods: Measures of running history, aerobic fitness, running economy, body mass loss, hematocrit alterations, age, and cardiovascular health were examined in relation to race-day performance. Performance was defined as the percentage difference from the winning time at a given race distance, with 0% representing the fastest possible time. Results: In the 50-km race, training volumes, cardiovascular health, aerobic fitness, and a greater loss of body mass during the race were all related to better performance (all P < .05). Using multiple linear regression, peak velocity achieved in the maximal oxygen uptake test (β = −11.7, P = .002) and baseline blood pressure (β =3.1,P = .007) were the best performance predictors for the men’s 50-km race (r =.98,r2 = .96, P < .001), while peak velocity achieved in the maximal oxygen uptake test (β = −13.6, P = .001) and loss of body mass (β =12.8,P = .03) were the best predictors for women (r = .94, r2 = .87, P =.001).Inthe 80-km race, only peak velocity achieved in the maximal oxygen uptake test predicted performance (β = −20.3, r = .88, r2 = .78, P < .001). -
Advice to Competitors Regarding Footwear, Gaiters & Clothing
Advice to Competitors Regarding Footwear, Gaiters & Clothing The advice is being provided to assist Competitors in 14WRC2016 choose their footwear, gaiters and clothing for the event. There are two key aspects of the terrain for this event which are quite different from many other rogaines with regard to the choice of equipment and particularly footwear and gaiters. These aspects are (i) Spinifex and (ii) the very rocky terrain. Spinifex Spinifex (Triodia species) is a tough, spiky tussock grass that dominates much of the red sand desert and rocky ranges of Central Australia. There are 64 species of Spinifex in Australia and 34 are found in the Northern Territory. However, in practical terms to a competitor in 14WRC2016 there are effectively two types of Spinifex on the course. There is the Spinifex that grows on the sandstone based soils which is quite tough and spiky and then there is the Spinifex which grows on the limestone based soils which is much tougher and much spikier. There are far greater areas of the “limestone” Spinifex on the course that there are of the “sandstone” Spinifex. Of course considerable areas of the course have little or no Spinifex and we will provide some indication where on the course the “heavy” Spinifex is. However, there is a reality that competitors who do not have footwear and gaiters suitable to deal with Spinifex will have an extremely uncomfortable event! Typical Spinifex Area Page 1 of 4 Spinifex Covered Hillside – A Common Sight on Parts of the WRC Course For people who have not experienced Spinifex before it is difficult to describe how challenging and painful it can be if you have inappropriate footwear and gaiters. -
Race Walking Ground Reaction Forces at Increasing Speeds: a Comparison with Walking and Running
S S symmetry Article Race Walking Ground Reaction Forces at Increasing Speeds: A Comparison with Walking and Running Gaspare Pavei 1,* , Dario Cazzola 2, Antonio La Torre 3 and Alberto E. Minetti 1 1 Laboratory of Physiomechanics of Locomotion, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 32, I-20133 Milan, Italy 2 Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milano, Via G. Colombo 71, I-20133 Milan, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 10 June 2019; Accepted: 1 July 2019; Published: 3 July 2019 Abstract: Race walking has been theoretically described as a walking gait in which no flight time is 1 allowed and high travelling speed, comparable to running (3.6–4.2 m s− ), is achieved. The aim of this study was to mechanically understand such a “hybrid gait” by analysing the ground reaction forces (GRFs) generated in a wide range of race walking speeds, while comparing them to running and walking. Fifteen athletes race-walked on an instrumented walkway (4 m) and three-dimensional GRFs were recorded at 1000 Hz. Subjects were asked to performed three self-selected speeds corresponding to a low, medium and high speed. Peak forces increased with speeds and medio-lateral and braking peaks were higher than in walking and running, whereas the vertical peaks were higher than walking but lower than running. Vertical GRF traces showed two characteristic patterns: one resembling the “M-shape” of walking and the second characterised by a first peak and a subsequent plateau. -
2013 Press Guide 2013 Xterra Nationals Sponsors
2013 PRESS GUIDE 2013 XTERRA NATIONALS SPONSORS The 2013 XTERRA Nationals weekend is presented by the Utah Sports Commission, Paul Mitchell, AVIA, and the XTERRA Live More Card. Sponsors include Snowbasin Resort, GOAL Foundation, Gatorade, Rudy Project, PowerBar, KSL TV, ENVE, Zorrel, MediaOne of Utah, the U.S. Forest Service, XTERRA Wetsuits, LifeProof, Muscle Milk, Choice Hotels, Rockwell watches, FootBalance, XTERRA Fitness, and Wasatch Distributing XTERRA - NATION’S LEADING OFF-ROAD TRI AND TRAIL RUN In 1996 mountain biking and triathlon met in a duel of the fittest on the island of Maui. The race consisted of an open- ocean swim, a mountain bike race, and a trail run. It represented a bold new racing format that attracted outdoor enthusiasts, adventure seekers, mountain bikers and triathletes. The mountain bikers brought their laid-back style and bold self-assurance. The triathletes brought their hard-core training and avid dedication. They soon discovered a common spirit and attitude that pulled them together.The relationship would become an internationally- recognized brand called XTERRA. Since that day, XTERRA has grown into the world’s leading off-road triathlon with more than 100 races in 20 countries, including 70 in the XTERRA America Tour alone. A typical XTERRA is comprised of the following: 1.5 kilometer (0.93-mile) swim in an ocean, lake, or river 30 kilometer (18.6-mile) mountain bike on off-road trails 10 kilometer (6.2-mile) trail run on a variety of surfaces 2013 marks the 18th consecutive year of XTERRA racing. XTERRA Nationals is the last race in the America Tour for both our nationwide off-road triathlon and trail running series, offering up $80,000 in prize money for pros and 40 qualifying spots into the XTERRA World Championship triathlon for amateurs, as well as the chance to win a TABLE OF CONTENTS national championship title. -
Athletics Is an Exclusive Collection of Sporting Events That Involve Competitive Running, Jumping, Throwing, and Walking. the Mo
Athletics is an exclusive collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking. The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world. Organised athletics are traced back to the Ancient Olympic Games from 776 BC, and most modern events are conducted by the member clubs of the International Association of Athletics Federations. The athletics meeting forms the backbone of the modern Summer Olympics, and other leading international meetings include theIAAF World Championships and World Indoor Championships, and athletes with aphysical disability compete at the Summer Paralympics and the IPC Athletics World Championships. Etymology The word athletics is derived from the Greek word "athlos" (0șȜȠȢ), meaning "contest" or "task." Initially, the term was used to describeathletic contests in general ± i.e. sporting competition based primarily on human physical feats. In the 19th century in Europe, the term athletics acquired a more narrow definition and came to describe sports involving competitive running, walking, jumping and throwing. This definition continues to be the most prominent one in the United Kingdom and most of the areas of the former British Empire. Furthermore, foreign words in many Germanic and Romance languages which are related to the term athletics also have a similar meaning. In contrast to this, in much of North America athletics is synonymous with athletic sports in general, maintaining a more historic usage of the term. -
So You Want to Run an Ultramarathon!
1 SO YOU WANT TO RUN AN ULTRAMARATHON! What Is an Ultramarathon? What is an ultramarathon anyway? Does it require you to run 100 miles over mountain trails in a race such as the Western States Endurance Run or to suffer through 135 road miles in the furnace- like heat of the Badwater Ultramarathon? No. Simply, an ultrama- rathon is any race longer than the marathon’s 26 miles and 385 yards. If you’ve completed a marathon and have run a few additional yards before, during, or after the race, then you’ve completed an ultramarathon. If you’ve taken a wrong turn on a long training run and, through a combination of running and walking, have covered more than 26.2 miles, then you, too, could call yourself an ultra- marathoner. Still, while both of the above scenarios technically make you an ultramarathoner, it would be somewhat disingenuous to call your- self one after such an effort. As you learn after spending time around other ultramarathoners, the sport is built upon community and the “spirit of the sport,” rather than self-recognition and technicalities. With that in mind, there’s a second, implicit criterion that should be met before calling yourself an ultramarathoner: the intent to com- plete an ultra distance. Secondarily and with a nod to the disfavor of technicalities in ultrarunning, the intended distance should be an appreciable distance longer than the marathon. Sorry, but setting 20 RELENTLESS FORWARD PROGRESS out with the aim to run 26.3 miles just doesn’t sit right. For most runners, 50-kilometer (31.1-mile) races are the gate- way into “ultras,” as ultramarathons are commonly known. -
Race Walk Fun Brochure
Racewalking Fun! Alex and Maria Discover Racewalking by Dr. Tom Eastler Illustrations Vern Mauk Text Copyright © 2012 Tom Eastler Illustrations Copyright © 2012 Vern Mauk All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any means, electronic or mechanical, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 978-0-9827107-2-2 Photography by Diane Graham-Henry, Jeff Salvage and Joe G. Trevino DEDICATION This book is dedicated to a visionary, Elaine Ward of Pasadena, California, who has devoted her life to assisting young athletes to become the future of racewalking in North America. A prolific writer, a producer of books and videos on racewalking, and a great athlete in her own right, Elaine Ward has played a significant role in helping former elementary school racewalkers earn their way to the Olympic Trials and to the Olympics. This book is further dedicated to Diane Graham-Henry of Chicago, IL, Jeff Salvage of Medford, NJ, Tim Seaman of Chula Vista, CA, and AC Jaime of Pharr, TX, all of whom contributed in so many ways to the work started by Elaine Ward and now supported by their selfless efforts. Diane is a dynamo whose editorial expertise is legion and who is an athlete, a coach, and a number one fan and supporter of NARI. Jeff is a whirling-dervish who combs the globe in support of world-class photographic racewalking research and education. Tim Seaman has been there and done that in racewalk- ing, and as a two-time Olympian, continues to share his coaching and training expertise with the world. -
A Brief History of Racewalking the Future of USA Racewalking: Are You Already Coaching a Potential Olympian?
1/9/2009 A Brief History of Racewalking The Future of USA Racewalking: Are you already coaching a potential Olympian? Dave McGovern, MSS World Class Racewalking www.racewalking.org Although competitive walking can trace its roots back to 16th century Europe, the 19th Century was the Golden Age of walking in the US. Pedestrian races were immensely popular in the US and Great Britain throughout the 19th and into the early 20th century. Ultra races ranging from from 12 hours to six days were among the most popular spectator sports during the Victorian era. Large prize purses were common and betting was prolific. Due to its popularity at the time, racewalking became one of the first events on the Olympic program. 1 1/9/2009 Racewalking first appeared in the Olympics in 1904 as an event in the “all- Henry Laskau, Ron rounder,” the precursor Laird, Larry Young to the decathlon. In and other US walkers 1906, separate 1, 500- were among the best meter and 3,500-meter in the world through races were contested. the 1950s and ‘60s. Over the years distances were gradually increased to the current 20km and 50km events. U.S. Olympic Men’s Trials Qualifiers 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 20k Trials 24 27 21 15 12 13 14 qualifiers (1:33) (1:32) (1:30) (1:30) (1:33) (1:34) (1:36) 50k Trials 16 23 15 15 13 13 14 qualifiers (4:30) (4:30) (4:30)* (4:25)* (4:35) (4:45) (4:45) Racewalking remained reasonably popular in North America through the 1980s, but we’ve been on a steady decline ever since.