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Gulf of Mannar WorkshopWorkshop Series: Series 2 14/EE/2014/ LU (2014) ENHANCING CAPACITIES OF FISHING COMMUNITIES FOR RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Gulf of Mannar State Planning Commission Tamil Nadu State Planning Commission The State Planning Commission was constituted in Tamil Nadu on 25th May 1971 under the Chairmanship of the Hon’ble Chief Minister as an Advisory body to make recommendations to the Government on various matters pertaining to the development of the State. The Chairman of the Commission is assisted by a team of Members, Consisting of Vice Chairman. Full Time Member & Part Time Members who are experts in various fields. The Additional Chief Secretary to Government, Planning, Development and Special Initiatives and the Principal Secretary to Government, Finance Department are the ex- officio members. The Member Secretary is responsible for administration in the Commission. The Commission has the following technical divisions: 1. Agricultural Policy and Planning 2. Industries, Power and Transport 3. Land Use 4. Education and Employment 5. Health and Social Welfare 6. District Planning and Rural Development 7. Plan Co-ordination. Main activities of SPC: The Major Functions of the State Planning Commission are as follows: 1. Preparation of Five Year and Annual Plans based on the policies and priorities of the Government; 2. Undertake Mid Term review of the Five Year Plan, other special reviews on the Economy and advise the Government on appropriate modification and restructuring of the schemes; 3. Monitor development indicators that influence the Human Development Index, Gender Development Index, etc., at a disaggregated level and suggest correctional measures; 4. Undertake special studies as required for formulation and implementation of plan projects and programmes; 5. Tamil Nadu State Land Use Research Board (TNSLURB) is functioning under the chairmanship of Vice Chairman, State Planning Commission as a permanent body in the State Planning Commission. This Board is intended to promote interaction and study in the vital areas of land use. The State Planning Commission organizes seminars/ workshops and undertakes studies. 6. Human Development Reports (HDRs) were prepared for Dindigul, Sivagangai, Tiruvannamalai, Cuddalore, Nagapattinam, the Nilgiris, Kanyakumari and Dharmapuri districts. The concept of Human Development has been disseminated to all districts through workshops organized in the concerned districts. Proposal for preparation of District Human Development Reports (DHDR) for the remaining districts is under process. 7. State Balanced Growth Fund (SBGF) is operated to bridge the regional imbalances among the districts. 2 State Planning Commission CONTENTS S.No. Description Page No. 1. Workshop Team 2. Workshop Sessions 3. Executive Summary 4. Introduction 5. Conservation, Sustainable Use and Management of Marine Resources in the Gulf of Mannar 6. Sustainable Harvest of Seaweed Beds of Gulf-of-Mannar 7. Roundtable Discussion 8. Recommendations 9. Conclusions 10. List of Participants State Planning Commission 3 WORKSHOP TEAM State Planning Commission Tmt. Santha Sheela Nair, I.A.S.(Retd), Vice Chairperson, State Planning Commission Dr. Sugato Dutt, I.F.S., Member Secretary(i/c), Head of Division (Land Use), State Planning Commission Tmt. R.B. Koteeswari, Planning Officer (Land Use) State Planning Commission Thiru P. Suresh Kumar, Senior Research Fellow, Tamil State Land Use Research Board State Planning Commission Thiru M. Thirumavalavan, Technical Assistant (Land Use) State Planning Commission Tmt. R.V.Meenakshi, Planning Assistant (Land Use) State Planning Commission Institutions / Departments / NGOs Ms. Ramya Rajagopalan, Consultant, International Collective in Support of Fishworkers (ICSF) Dr. M.Ganesan, Senior Scientist, Marine Algal Research Station, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, Ramanathapuram District. 4 State Planning Commission WORKSHOP SESSIONS Welcome Address Dr. Sugato Dutt, I.F.S., Member-Secretary (i/c), State Planning Commission, Chennai – 600 005. Presidential Address Tmt. Santha Sheela Nair, IAS.,(Retd.) Vice-Chairperson, State Planning Commission, Chennai – 600 005. Session - I Conservation, Sustainable use Ms. Ramya Rajagopalan and Management of Marine International Collective in Support of Resources in the Gulf-of-Mannar Fishworkers (ICSF) Session – II Sustainable Harvest of Dr. M. Ganesan Seaweed Beds of Gulf of Mannar Senior Scientist, Marine Algal Research Station, CSIR Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute Vote of Thanks Dr. Sugato Dutt, I.F.S., Member Secretary (i/c), Head of Division (Land Use), State Planning Commission. State Planning Commission 5 6 State Planning Commission EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Gulf-of-Mannar National Park, Communities for Resource Management” declared in 1986, under the Wildlife was held on 11.06.2014, under the (Protection) Act (WLPA) of 1972, includes Chairmanship of Vice Chairman, SPC at 21 uninhabited islands, and covers an area the State Planning Commission. of almost 560 sq.km. The National Park’s The objective of the workshop was notification in 1986, meant collection of any to discuss the issues connected with the natural resource from the area was livelihoods of fishing communities through prohibited. The Gulf of Mannar, a shallow seaweed resource management. The bay, with a coast line of 364.9 km, is known workshop included a general presentation for its coral reefs and sea grass beds which on the Gulf-of-Mannar followed by harbour several endangered species such presentations from community as dugongs. The Gulf-of-Mannar has representatives and presentations from around 125 fishing villages, of which 31 experts followed by intensive discussion. are in Tuticorin and 94 in The participants included officials from Ramanathapuram district, with over experts from research institutions working 35,000 active fishers, besides nearly 2000 in the area, NGOs and community women seaweed collectors. The community members. engages in a range of livelihoods including The first part was an overview seaweed collection (mostly women), diving presentation on conservation, sustainable for sea cucumber, shell collection, artisanal use and management of marine resources fishing, and trawling. The fishing in the Gulf-of-Mannar National Park and community has various local governance Biosphere Reserve. This was followed by institutions based on caste/religious four members of the community (two affiliations, gear, and trade unions. women seaweed collectors and two Tamil Nadu State Planning fishermen) presenting their viewpoints on Commission provided a forum for the conflicts in the region and suggestions discussions between the community on the way forward. representatives and officials from State Expert presentations were made on Fisheries and the Forest Departments, to culturing of seaweeds, sea ranching (of sea present the proposals from the cucumbers), LMMA, participatory communities for conservation and governance and fisheries. During the sustainable use of resources in Gulf of presentations and subsequently as well, Mannar. Towards this a workshop on there were detailed discussions on many “Enhancing Capacities of Fishing points that were raised. State Planning Commission 7 Some of the major conclusions were: Developing culturing / sea ranching techniques would take time and it had The government had a responsibility to to be ensured that others did not enter protect and conserve resources for into their field. future generations. The local community knowledge gained over a A request was made for identity cards long period provided additions to for the women seaweed collectors. This scientific knowledge. The government request was accepted and also the and scientists would look at how to District Collector was requested to be support the community in improving in regular touch with the community livelihoods. There is a need to look at to sort out local issues on access rights providing access to resources under the and alternate livelihoods, through local Forest Rights Act (2006). meetings This meeting was to understand the The points made about the fisheries needs of the community. However given sector as a whole and the question of the conservation impetus, it was also applicability of wildlife legislation on the necessary for the community to think marine sector must be considered. of additional livelihood options. 8 State Planning Commission INTRODUCTION In Tamil Nadu, activities are focused Resource Management” was held June on fishing communities in under the Chairmanship of Vice Chairman, Ramanathapuram District, Gulf of State Planning Commission. The primary Mannar. The area falls with the Gulf-of- objective of the workshop is to provide a Mannar (marine) National Park and platform for dialogue between key Biosphere Reserve. The Gulf-of-Mannar stakeholders on improving conservation Biosphere Reserve Trust (GOMBRT) and sustainable use of resources in the estimates that there are over 125 fishing Gulf-of-Mannar and to advice on activities villages dependent on the fishery resources to undertake to achieve the same. in the Gulf-of-Mannar area, of which 31 in At the outset, Dr. Sugato Dutt, Tuticorin and 94 are in Ramanathapuram I.F.S., Member Secretary(i/c), State District. There are over several thousand Planning Commission, welcomed the small-scale fishers who are dependent on participants and stated that the purpose the resource, especially on fishing, seaweed of the workshop was to discuss the issues
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