Theory

PART ONE: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE DREAMING STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

Christian J Hallman, Ph.D.

ABSTRACT

Dreaming has been well studied by psychologists, anthropologists and neurophysiologists. Yet few models to date have really attempted to explain the spatial domain, temporal zone and energetic substances of the dream state. Space, time and energy are all important concepts studied in physics. This paper presents a useful model by implementing some pertinent ideas from theoretical physics and mathematics to explain how the waking and dreaming states can be directly experienced through multiple dimensions of both space and time. Furthermore, these dimensions are accessed almost effort­ lessly simply by shifting into other states of consciousness that closely resemble waking and dreaming. Such states include hypnagogic, hypnopompic, reverie and day-dreaming. Although the realm of each of these discrete states has a distinct uniqueness, experiencing perceptual imagery is what all of these states share in common. In this multidimensional model, sensation and imagination represent two vital abilities of perception.

KEYWORDS: Perception, Imagination, Imaginary Generarors, Dimension, Spatial Domain, Tempotal Zone, Anti-matter

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 75 INTRODUCTION possibilities for explaining the physical nature of dreams through integration of key reams often seem bizarre and theories in physics. First, an overview of D i'Ilogical.1,2 Yet they have inspired perception is presented. poets, musicians, painters, innovators and inventors. Most people have been ABILITIES OF PERCEPTION conditioned at an early age to forget their In the waking state of consciousness (SoC), dreams shortly after waking up. When perceptions are primarily shaped by young children wake up after dreams during sensations. There are five main categories the night and tell their parents, they are of sensations that conventional science typically told to go back to bed-it is only a recognIzes: dream. As parents continue to invalidate dreams, children learn to forget or not talk 1) Photoreception (vision) about these experiences. However some 2) Phonoreception (audition) people report memorable dream experiences 3) Proprioception (kinesthetic) & they are unable to forget or dismiss easily. Equilibrioception (vestibular) Telepathic and precognitive dreams, for 4) Thermoreception, Tactition & example may have a more lasting impression. Nociception 5) Chemoreception (pheromoception, The dreamtime tradition of Australian olfaction, gustation) cultures explains the creation of the world as a dream of the Great Spirit.3 To the Each sensation provides a range of informa­ ancient Chinese, dreams provided an tion in the waking state. As we shift from opportunity to visit with the dead.4 In a waking to a dreaming state, imagination Biblical times, dreams were believed to be replaces sensation as the dominant ability gifts from God. 5 People who could for shaping our perceptions. Unlike interpret dreams were treated with a great sensation, which depends on the deal of respect. 6 Some modern day functioning of different physiological organ researchers like Myers view dreams as receptors, imagination functions through a nothing more than hallucinations of the generative process, not a receptive one. We sleeping mind.7 know the human brain is able to both receive and generate multiple kinds of Previous articles have offered dream theories images so whatever we can sense in waking, based on different perspectives, yet none of we can imagine in dreaming. Studies have these have offered a model that maps out shown that the same regions of the brain the spatial domain and temporal zone in become activated whether the information 12 which we experience dreams. 8- 11 A multi­ is sensed or imagined. One may wonder dimensional model has been constructed to if the brain can really distinguish between fill this void. It provides a guide for what it senses from what it imagines. measuring the dream state and also presents

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 76 In this paper I am introducing some new sensory and imaginary perceptions of touch equivalent terms shown below to balance in either state. Comparing models of space the distinction between sensation and and time can gain a deeper understanding imagination: of the connection between the waking and dreaming states. Sensation 1) Photoreception CONVENTIONAL MODEL OF 2) Phonoreception SPACE AND TIME 3) Tactition & Thermoreception Dimension is a term used in geometry to 4) Chemoreception measure the physical parameters of an object in space and time. The commonly held notion is that our physical world has Imagination three dimensions of space (e.g. latitude, 1) Photogene ration altitude and longitude). The Cartesian 2) Phonogeneration coordinates can represent these three 3) Tactition & Thermogeneraton dimensions on an axis: x, y and z. 4) Chemogeneration Euclideau Geometry is the branch of mathematics that uses three or fewer Photoreception helps us sense objects visually dimensions of space. Einstein proposed during waking, and photogelleration helps us that time could be added as another imagine visual objects while dreaming. dimension. 14 This standard 4D space-time Although both provide visual perception, model (figure 1) is still widely used today one functions by use of sensory receptors to measure different physical phenomena in and the other through imaginary generators. the world of waking consciousness. A cube Kastner et al. found that imagining represents the three dimensions of space, something visually activates the visual cortex Figure 1. COllventional 4D Spacetime Model­ of the brain.13 However, losing the three dimensions ofsptlCe plus one dimension oftime function of one does not necessarily lead to the loss of the other. Thus people who have lost their sensory ability for sight in a waking SoC can still generate visual images during dreams. Phonoreception and phonogeneration both provide audio percep­ tions, but one is sensory and the other is imaginary. Thermogeneration describes perceptions of temperature in dreams. Chemogeneration can be used to describe perceptions of smell and taste in dreams. Of all these equivalent terms, tactition seems universal enough to describe the

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 77 and the circle flowing clockwise represents the one dimension of time. We can measure the size of any physical object in the world of waking consciousness using these three dimensions of space, and we can measure its age using the dimension of time. Every corner of the cube is formed by an intersection of 3 perpendicular planes representing the 3 dimensions of space. Using a clock, we are able to record the seconds, minutes and hours of time.

These dimensions do not represent reality, as we know it. While looking at the model, Figure 2 Radical 4D Til1U'Spau'Model- three one would think that space is flat and only additional dimensiom 0/ time plus t1llOther follows straight lines. Time appears to be dimension o/space circular. Actually space can be curved, and more dimensions. Figure 2 shows an time can be linear. This model does not example of a hypercube. An additional completely represent our reality, but it does inner cube now appears connected at all demonstrate how dimensions are used as a corners. Notice at each intersection there way to measure objects. As good as this are now four di mensions of space as model seems, it fails to provide a helpful compared to just three in figure 1. The means for directly measuring objects experi­ outer cube in this model still represents the enced in other conscious states such as domain of the waking SoC, but now we can dreaming, reverie, and day-dreaming. see an inner cube, which represents the Newer space-time models expand the domain of dreaming. This fourth number of spatial dimensions. dimension of space is what connects the two domains. During waking consciousness, we SPATIAL DOMAINS seem quite focused on the outer cube with Hyperspace refers to any space with more sensation, but if we close our eyes, we can than three dimensions. Bogzaran had tune in to this inverse cube through previously introduced the concept of imagination. As we go to sleep, we hyperspace lucidity and its relation to lucid naturally drift through this fourth spatial art. 1') Reimannian GeometlY is a branch of dimension and eventually we become more mathematics that uses four or more attuned to the inner domain of dreams dimensions of space. Some of the more where everything seems to be three recent theories in physics (e.g. strings and dimensional, as in our waking domain. To membranes) use models that contain as return, we must again access the fourth many as 10, 11 and even 26 dimensions. 16 dimension, which aJJows us to mentally A hypercube can be used to depict 4 or shift our attention into the outer domain of

Subtle Energies 6- Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 78 waking consciousness. Throughout our Experiences of past events in retrocognitive lives we repeatedly move between these two dreams are also frequently reported. IS This domains via the fourth dimension. model proposes that we can swiftly access any event of the future or past because three TEMPORAL ZoNES temporal dimensions are available to us. In addition to another spatial dimension, Shifting ahead in time allows us to experi­ this multidimensional model also proposes ence events within minutes or seconds that three additional temporal dimensions as would normally take hours, days or even indicated by the three dynamic loops in years to develop in the outer waking zone. figure 2, which can help explain the non­ linear events that often occur in dreams. A map of dream experiences can thus be Unlike our experience of only one temporal described by use of a 4D rime-space model dimension (see figure 1) in the outer waking (three dimensions of time, plus one zone, we seem to experience 3 dimensions dimension of space). Two of the temporal of time in the inner zone of dreams and are dimensions flow counterclockwise and one able to move more easily between past, flows clockwise in the dream zone. All present and future. For a one-dimensional three intersect making it possible to move domain (e.g. a line), movement is restricted freely between any past or future event. or limited by the slowest moving object Dream experiences have provided humanity since there is no way to pass by. In a two­ glimpses or sneak previews of upcoming dimensional domain (e.g. a plane), the events and influenced artistic expression. second spatial dimension (left to right) gives Typical movie story lines simulate the flow one an option to easily go around a slower ofdreams. In a two-hour movie many years moving object. Likewise adding a third may elapse as the events shift between the dimension (up and down) and appropriate future and past many times. technology, one could potentially reach a destination within seconds. If it's true that PHYSICS AND THE DREAMING REALM time in the outer waking zone is only one Recent proposals by Hawking (e.g. dimensional, flowing in one direction at a imaginary time) and Abraham (e.g. slope constant rate arbitrarily designated in time) both include an additional dimension seconds, minutes, hours, etc., all percep­ of time. I9,20 Three dimensional models of tions are limited to this fixed pace. Without ti me have also been presented as wel1. another dimension of time, there is no way Saniga's Algebraic Geometric Configuration to skip ahead to experience possible future includes a quadro-cubic space-time (three events. But we can and do experience time dimensions of space and one dimension of shifts in the dream zone. There is an time) and a quadro-quartic reversal (three enormous amount of evidence supporting dimensions of time and one dimension of precognitive experiences of events during space).21 Larson's Reci procal System dreams, which is the most commonly Theory consists of three dimensions of reported of all psychic experiences. 17 space and three dimensions of time. 22 To

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 79 Larson, the physical part of the universe is proton and anti-neutron. One of the more divided equally into a material sector, interesting features in Larson's theory having 3 spatial dimensions and one concerns the notion of unit speed, which is temporal dimension; and a cosmic sector, the speed of light (c) in a vacuum (approx­ with three temporal dimensions and one imately 299,792,458 meters per second or spatial dimension. For him, this inverse about ] 86,282 miles per second). In his connection of space and time helps explain theory, it is possible to achieve greater than the relationship between two distinct unit speed via motion in time. His theory energetic substances: matter and anti-matter. also claims that highly energetic anti­ In his theory, matter predominates in the particles from the cosmic sector can sponta­ material sector while anti-matter is most neously cross over into the material sector prevalent in the cosmic sector. in the form of cosmic rays. When energetic particles travel at velocities greater than light The dichotomy of these two energetic particles do in a particular medium, they substances (matter and anti-matter) has produce a shockwave or glow of light called been posited in physics since the early Cerenkov radiation, named after Pavel twentieth century. In 1928 Paul Dirac Cerenkov who first observed this effect in theorized that the charge carrying particles 1934.25 (electrons) in an electric field have twin particles that carry an opposite charge. Following his own theory of electrically Di rae attempted to com bi ne special charged particles, Dirac predicted in ] 931 relativity with quantum theory to explain that the magnetic force must have the behavior of electrons. His equation oppositely charged particles or magnetic x2 4, which can have two possible monopoles (N or S). Radovic theorized that solutions (x 2 or x -2), provided one Cerenkov particles are magnetic monopoles for electrons that have positive energy and or magnetons. 26 Fang et aL have indirectly one for electrons with negative energy. Carl detected magnetic monopoles in a Anderson later discovered positrons, a.k.a. ferromagnetic crystal. 27 TiBer developed a anti-electrons, in cosmic rays in 1932.2.1 theory that not only contains magnetic These positrons may appear to be flowing monopoles, but also a magneto-electric (ME) opposite to electrons, or backwards in field, which is the reciprocal complement of time. 24 Today, researchers benefit from the the weIJ-known electro-magnetic (EM) use of positrons by utilizing a technology field. 28 He also believes this type of subtle known as positron emission tomography energy plays a major role in healing the (PET). Since anti-matter seems more body. difficult to observe by comparison to matter while experiencing waking consciousness, its Tiller explains EM and ME radiations as effects are much more subtle in nature. mirror images of each other. The main Many other anti-particles have been discov­ difference is that ME fields naturally exist ered since the positron, including the anti­ at superluminal speeds (v> c) in a reciprocal

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 80 space. Einstein's special theory of relativity flashes of light, one should not be able to does not exclude particles (e.g. tachyons) to see a vivid image with the eye lids c1osed. 32 come into existence already traveling faster Surprisingly, the eyes appear to have a than unit speed, but states that it would be photogenerator function as well. Rapid eye virtually impossible to slow these particles movement (REM) is an example of how the down (v < c), or even accelerate a naturally eyes can be involved with the brain slower moving particle (e.g. tardyon) faster generating multiple images during dreams. than unit speed (v > c) because it would From an inner perspective, the dream take an infinite amount of energy.29 In experience tends to be filled with visible Tiller's theory, ME fields increase in speed light and images of different people, places as the density of the medium increases, and things. According to Tiller, the human whereas EM fields tend to slow down as the body naturally radiates ME fields, which medium becomes denser. Wang et al. was have been externally measured by electro­ apparently able to observe/produce a pulse magnetically shielded devices. 28 If the body of light in a medium of cesium vapor that natura])y generates magneto-electricity, one was clocked at 310 times the speed of light hypothesis that could be tested is whether in a vacuum.30 Gauthier et al. exceeded unit these fields are more directly measurable speed by producing a pulse of light in a within the realm of dreams. medium of potassium vapor.31 Since both mediums (cesium and potassium) are more ENERGY OF THE MACROCOSM dense than a vacuum, in theory these two Besides the human body, other possibilities experiments could represent measurements of ME fields observed in nature may be of an ME field. To date, no additional found in cosmic rays. This type of radiation experiments have verified or falsified can produce energies as high as ] 020 ev.·B evidence of either magnetic monopoles or While not part of the EM spectrum, these ME fields. The proposed model in this rays constantly bombard the Earth from paper hypothesizes that these subtle energies every direction of outer space, which means (magnetic monopoles and ME fields) will this type of energy pours through our be more directly experienced in the dream bodies even during the nighttime hours. state. Kephart and Weiler suggest that the highest energies produced in cosmic rays are due to ME LIGHT IN THE DREAM STATE magnetic monopoles.34 Quasars and even A strong argument against the sensory black holes may explain where these highly receptors being directly involved in energetic rays originate from. 35 The dreaming is that dreams for the most part gravitational fields of black holes are occur at night or in a dark setting. Without believed to be so great that not even light light, the photoreceptors of the eyes cannot can escape. Contrary to this popular help us see reflections of different objects. notion, Stephen Hawking discovered in Since the eyes' photoreceptors require at 1974 that black holes can emit radiation least 7 to 9 photons to see even the tiniest because their intense gravitational field

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 81 causes the creation of pairs of particles and nerve cells might provide us with some clues anti-particles, one of which falls into the of why the contents of many of our dream black hole and the other which escapes; for experiences are so difficult to recall after radiation to escape the intense gravitational regaining waking consciousness. The field of the black hole its speed must be contents of our dream experiences seem to greater than c. 19 Frampton and Kephart include people, places and things that we calculate that primordial black holes may have already experienced in waking emit 1021 positrons per second.36 Hawking consciousness. To understand how this may also postulates that what goes into a black be possible, picture the waking realm hole may come out of a time reversed white existing on one side of a black hole, and hole on the other side. As time gains the dreaming realm existing on the other dimensions on the far side of the event side of a white hole. When we experience horizon, space by contrast loses them. 37 some of our memories from waking Quasars, which may very well be white consciousness as bizarre manifestations in holes, typically generate about 10,000 times our dreams, the energetic flow of these as much energy as an ordinary spiral galaxy memories must first escape from the waking and are hypothesized to be fueled by super realm through a black hole, and then exit 3839 massive black holes. If ME fields are through a white hole to become part of the eventually found in cosmic rays, it is likely energetic flow of the dream realm. Micro some part of our body is able to perceive white holes are hypothesized to exist deep it. Perhaps EM and ME fields are within the generators of nerve cells. The analogous to the interaction between the bizarreness of the dreaming realm can be waking and dreaming states. attributed mainly to the reversal of 4D space-time to 4D time-space. ENERGY OF THE MICROCOSM Samantha-Laughton postulates that black TwIN COMPLEMENTARY BODIES holes occur at every level of the universe, Figure 3 is another 4D expression of space from the very large-in the centers of and time. In this diagram, the cube on the galaxies, to the very smal1-inside atoms right represents the realm of the waking and somewhere in between. 4o Greene SoC and the cube on the left is the realm suggests that micro black holes may be as of dreaming. The body on the right, small as an electron with the same mass and known as the physiological body, consists of charge.41 If these micro black holes really multiple sensory organs, and exists within a exist somewhere inside our own bodies, it 4D space-time realm. Irs twin double is may explain how we can naturally generate called the imaginal body, which consists of superluminal energies from within. Since multiple imaginary organs, and exists energy is a requirement for remembering within a 4D time-space realm. In dreams, events occurring in the dream state, the the imaginal body may appear to us like our gravitational fields of micro black holes physiological body does in waking existing deep within the receptors of our consciousness. Monroe gives a detailed

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 82 Figure 3. A 4D min'OT inlilge ({a woman 5physiologiml body (u1ithin the cube on the right) tUM her imtlgiluzl body ({{)ithin the mbe on the left). Human bio~ is hypothesized to be a combination ofthese two inten'elated bodies working togethfl: In waking consciousness we can lise one dimension oftime to measure the f),:ogmous diunUlI bio,{:rythm, whidJ is synchronized with the day/night eye"', And in dreaming consciousness UJC can use three tnnporal dimensions to measure three e1Uhgmous biorhythms (circadian, ultradian mul irifindian). Utilizing multiple dimensions ofspace mM time flwbles us to measure the size mul age ofany perceiv'lb'" physical oiject, including all known biologU'tzl organisms. description of a "second body" and example. However, negative entropy is also suggested that it may consist of anti­ an integral part of all biological matter.42 organisms.44 Nutrients released by the digestive process are used to build up and Tiller's model presents two reciprocal bodies replenish our bodily structure, resulting in that he calls the physical and etheric. 28 growth and renewal; this is an example of According to Tiller's Mirror Principle, the negative entropy. Biologists can measure properties of the physical body include the effects of both positive and negative positive entropy, mass, temperature and entropy by studying the anabolic and energetic states, which are opposite of the catabolic processes of biological organisms. negative entropy, mass, temperature and The term bio not only means life, but it energetic states of the etheric body. The also means dual or two, reflecting this term entropy describes the tendency toward tension between opposing yet complemen­ disorder. In physics, chaos theory explains tary physical processes (positive and the most dynamic order-disorder of energy negative entropy). The model in figure 3 around us. 43 All physical objects are proposes that our biological nature is the affected by positive entropy. The natural combination of two bodies (the imaginal process of bodily decomposition is an and physiological) working together.

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 83 CORRELATION OF DREAMS WITH provide two interconnected zones for NEGENTROPY measuring the four known biological If we examine the life of a person, most of rhythms. In the waking zone, the the biological growth happens early in life, exogenous diurnal rhythm is synchronized especially within the first several years. with the day/night cycle. 52 People living Interestingly the amount of time a child closer to the equator will always experience spends in the dream zone is very high more sunlight on average than those who compared to that for adults after puberty. live closer to the poles so their diurnal Infants typically spend 13 Y2 to ] 6 Y2 hours rhythms will differ in duration. In the a day sleeping.45 The highest averages come dream zone, the endogenous ultradiart, from newborn infants who spend about circadian and in/radian rhythms are alI 700/0 of their sleep time dreaming, while linked, but differ in cyclic durations. The adults only spend about 200/0 of their sleep ultradian rhythm is less than 24 hours; the in dreams.46 REM actually occurs during circadian rhythm is about 24 hours; and the sleep onset for infants, whereas non-rapid infradian rhythm is over 24 hours. 53 One eye movement (NREM) occurs during sleep example of the u Itradian rhythm is the onset for adults. 12 Most vivid dreams occur shifting dilation of the nostrils, which during REM sleep, which produces changes in dominance from one side to the brainwaves that most resemble waking other approximately every 90 minutes. 54 consciousness. 47 Researchers now The human menstrual cycle would be an understand the necessity of dreaming in example of the infradian rhythm. This type early childhood development.48 People who of biorhythm plays a major role in the have been deprived of dreaming early in life behavior of animals that both migrate and tend to have more difficulties functioning hibernate. while in a waking SoC (e.g. behavioral problems) due to permanent sleep disrup­ MULTIPLE POSSIBILITIES IN tion, an abnormal amount of brain cell HYPERSPACE death and decreased brain mass. 49, 50 When Figures 4A and 4B provide eight examples most people dream, their physiological of how 4D hypercubes can be illustrated on bodies experience paralysis, which prevents a 2D surface. We can use these examples them from acting out their dreams and gives to explain how we can perceive multiple the body an opportunity to not only rest kinds of images within 3D slices of a more and restore, but grow and develop. LaBerge complex 4 dimensional world. Within 4D and DeGracia found sleep paralysis to be hyperspace we can actually view eight commonly reported in dreaming. 51 overlapping 3D cubes or parallel/alternate scenarios. As we fall asleep, we normally Figure 3 provides a map of where we shift from a waking SoC to a hypnagogic consciously shift our attention when our state. Within each of these discrete states physiological body experiences paralysis. we can experience 3D perception, as The temporal dimensions in this model indicated by the two examples in figure 4A

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 84 Figure 4A. Multiple 3D slices exist within a 4D hypercube. Some extlmples include the waking state (top right), the hypl1agogi< Stilte (top kfi), and two dreamscapes (bottom and light).

Figure 4B. Some other examples of perceiving 3D images within 4D hyperspace include experiencing three more dreamscapes and the hypnopompic state (bottom right) before waking up. (top right and top left). During eight hours experience during waking consciousness, it of sleep the average person may experience doesn't mean there isn't some kind of four to five vivid dream episodes. These synchronistic connection. For instance, in particular 3D scenarios or dreamscapes are one dreamscape a woman may star in a play also shown in figure 4A (bottom left and on Broadway, while in another dream she right), as well as in figure 4B (top right and could be working as an accountant for a big left, and bottom left). We can also experi­ law firm. Neither of these particular roles ence 3D perception in the hypnopompic may resemble her actual occupation in the state, which is what we usually experience domain of waking consciousness, but they before waking up. An example of this may inspire her to make a career change. particular scenario is also shown in 4B Regardless of how different each scenario (bottom right). If the human body is may seem from one another, the fourth similar to a radio or television in any way, dimension links them altogether, making it then some part of our biological structure possible for one to influence another. In must function like a radio dial or channel quantum theory, the so-called "spooky flipper. This would allow us to tune in to action at a distance" is an example of a particular 3D slice of 4D hyperspace. By quantum entanglement, which explains how changing the channel or adjusting the dial, energetic particles remain connected and are we can become more aware of what's able to influence each other instantly, even happening within one of these particular though they may appear to be separated by 3D scenarios. We may not necessarily tune distance.55 Based on some of the principles our awareness in to each and everyone of of quantum theory, some theoreticians have these particular 3D slices throughout the exercised the possibility that we live in a night, but instead we may choose to revisit multiverse where there are alternate realities the same scenario more than once, especial1y and parallel universes. 56 "In this view," says if we experience something within it that theorist David Deutsch from the University really captures our interest. For instance, if of Oxford, "our Universe is only a tiny facet we suddenly wake up from a particular of a larger multiverse. Everything in our dream, we may choose to return to the same Universe-including you and me, every dream instead of accessing another atom and every galaxy-has counterparts in dreamscape. Many people report having these other universes. "57 reoccurring dreams, which also infers revisiting the same dreamscape over and This 4D model can be interpreted as either over agam. a multidimensional universe or a multiverse containing eight overlapping 3D universes. Within a 4D world, we may experience each We can access multiple 3D scenarios within of these eight 3D slices as distinct scenarios, a 4D multiverse by experiencing other states but with noticeable overlapping similarities. of consciousness like reverie and Even if a dream seems so bizarre and unreal­ daydreaming. According to Krippner, istic as compared to what we may usually reverie is a SoC characterized with REM,

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 86 which can be experimentally induced by a devices, along with different techniques like hypnotist, whereas day-dreaming is a SoC hypnosis, relaxation, visualization (e.g. that can occur with eyelids opened or guided imagery), and meditation. The closed; with eyelids closed, Imagery may realm of dreams might very well be an appear along with REM.';8 experimental testing ground for physicists to explore in confirming or rejecting the DREAMERS AS REsEARCHERS existence of anti-matter and magnetic Tart proposed the need for state specific monopoles. If Larson, Tart and Tiller are sciences because he believes each state of correct, the majority of physicists have been consciousness has its own logic, ways of unsuccessful in their attempts of measuring perceiving, and rules for validation. ';9 He magnetic monopoles and mass quantities of claimed that the best way to collect data on anti matter because they have been a discrete SoC is for the researcher to searching in the wrong place usmg a non­ actually be in that specific SoC during conducive SoC. observation. If we can consciously or unconsciously shift between the waking and This multidimensional model could be dreaming states via the fourth dimension, it applied to a number of research questions is possible for any scientist to develop the in different professions. In the field of skills necessary for making direct observa­ psychology, particularly oneirology, tions and conducting experiments in the correlating the endogenous biorhythms dreaming realm with the same competence with multiple dreamscapes could provide as they would usual1y perform in the waking researchers a better means of measuring the realm. Below are Tart's recommended behavior of any dreamer in a particular guidelines. scenario. Behaviors measured in dreams may leave traces or clues that are directly There are many technologies available to connected to the positioning (e.g. back, help train researchers to access these states front, left and right) and vital signs more successfully such as biofeedback (brainwaves, heart rate, blood pressure, etc.)

1.) A scientist should be able to function skillfully in a discrete SoC. 2.) A scientist may be observer, subject and experimenter simultaneously. 3.) A scientist could collect data in experimental work with other subjects in that SoC. 4.) A scientist could be in that SoC at the time of data collection, data analysis or theorizing. 5.) A state specific scientist's quest to seek data and then transport the data across a bridge of transformation from that state to waking consciousness. 6.) The goal of state specific sciences is to gather information about that discrete state and then combine this information with information obtained from other states so that a final comprehensive theory might be proposed, tested and further refined. 7.) AJI states must be explored before the phenomenon of consciousness can be understood.

Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 87 of the physiological body. For clinicians SoC and to sense things from the outer and counselors working in mental health realm of wakefulness while we are experi­ who already utilize dream therapy, this encing a dreaming SoC. Although it's model can be used to help their possible to be aware of both realms simulta­ clients/patients better understand their neously, it is rather difficult because we have dream experiences and why been conditioned to only tune into one sleeping/dreaming is so important for particular realm at any given moment. healing the body. In the field of medicine, From figure 2 we infer that one can be acknowledging the nature of subtle energies either fully aware of what's going on in the (ME fields and anti-matter) and how they outer cube, or the inverse cube, but not relate (negative and positive entropy) to the both. This is similar to how we view conventional energies (EM fields and Gestalt diagrams with dual images (e.g. a matter) within a biological organism can picture that displays an image of a young provide medical researchers a better and old woman). Most people can only understanding of how certain types of recognize one or the other at any given medications (including homeopathy) work, moment, but cannot recognize both at and even treatments that use energy more once. For a true 4D perception of the directly such as: electric convulsive therapy world, we have to be aware of events (ECT) to treat depression and light therapy happening in both realms regardless of our to treat seasonal affective disorder (SAD). specific SoC at that moment. Figure 3 Using this model to help explain the nature shows the possibility of bi-Iocation, one of how one body (e.g. the imaginal) affects possible way to consciously experience both the other (e.g. the physiological) and vice realms simultaneously. versa might determine why certain treatments for physical ailments are more More than a decade ago the market was effective than others; and how sometimes flooded with commercial art called Magic using less (e.g. homeopathic dilutions) is Eye, which displayed various pictures actually better for restoring a more balanced embedded in computer graphically designed working relationship between these two patterns. Upon closer examination, these bodies. pictures show 3D images of objects within the patterns. Observers learned to see the As state specific scientists, each of us must 3D image by focusing the eyes in a slightly train ourselves to become more competent different way. If it is possible to see a 3D oneironauts--explorers of the realm of image on a 2D surface then we should be dreams. Organizations like the Lucidity able to train our brain to recognize a 4D Institute offer helpful services, but each form in a 3D space. Perhaps people who person must overcome their preconceived perceive ghosts or apparitions already do. limitations. We have the capability to To fully experience the world 4 dimension­ imagine things from the inner realm of ally, we would practically seem god-like to dreams while we are experiencing a waking a 3D life form in comparison. According

Subtle Energies 6- Energy Medicine • Volume 18 • Number 2 • Page 88 to Kaku, a 4D person would be capable of Books, New York, 1994). passing through walls, disappearing and '5. P.R. Koch-Sheras & A. Lemley, The Dream Sourcebook (Contemporary Books, Chicago, reappearing at will, seeing through buildings 1995). and finding hidden objects, and performing 6. S. Krippner, C. Jaeger & L Faith, IdentifYing and a surgery without even cutting the skin. 16 Utilizing Spiritual Content in Dream Reports, Dreaming: journal of the Association for the Stuc(y One can only imagine what it would be like of Dreams Il, 3 (2001), pp. 127-]47. if doctors could observe cancerous growths 7. D.G. Myers, Psychology (Worth, New York, 2001). within the body and then surgically remove 8. E. Hartmann, Outline for a Theory on the Nature and Functions of Dreaming, Dreaming: journal of them without leaving any bodily scars the Association for the Study ofDreams 6, 2 (I 996), simply by learning to access the fourth pp. ]47-170. dimension. To date, many oneironauts have 9. G.\X'. Domhoff, A New Neurocognitive Theory reported manipulating objects with some of Dreams, Dreaming: journal ofthe Association for 6o the Stuc(y of Dreams Il, 1 (2001), pp. ] 3-33. degree of control during lucid dreaming. 10. J.M. Mageo, Toward a Halographic Theory of As we continue to explore the fourth Dreaming, Dreaming: journal ofthe Association for dimension through our dreams and other the Study ofDreams 14, 2-3 (2004), pp. 1'51-169. 1 ]. D. Kahn & A. Hobson, Theory of Mind in states of consciousness like reverie and day­ Dreaming Awareness of Feelings and Thoughts of dreaming, eventually we will learn how to Others in Dreams, Dreaming: journal of the integrate these experiences so we can Association for the ,';'tuc(y of Dreams 15, 1 (2005), pp. 48-'57. perceive the world more four dimensionally. 12. M.S. Franklin & M.J. Zyphur, The Role of This multidimensional mode1 can provide Dreams in the Evolution of the Human Mind, us with a guide. Evolutiolltlly P~ychology 3, (2005), pp. 59-78. 13. S. Kastner, M.A. Pinsk, P. De Weerd, R. Desimone and L.G. Ungerleider, Increased • • • Activity in Human Visual Cortex During Directed Attention in the Absence of Visual Stimulation, CORRESPONDENCE: Christian J Hallman, Ph.D. Lorux 22 (1999), pp. 75] -761. • [email protected] ] 4. A. Einstein, Relativity: The Special and the General Theory (Crown Publishers, New York, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: 1961). A very special thanks to Jan Marie Lundgren for all 15. F. Bogzaran, Lucid Art and Hyperspace Lucidity, your help. I would also like (0 personally thank Dreaming: journal of the Association for the Stltdy Angela Thompson Smith, Stanley Krippner, Robert ofDreams 13, 1 (2003), pr. 29-42. Van de Castle, Ed Kellogg and Thomas Campbell for 16. M. Kaku, Hyperspace (Oxford University Press, providing me with some great constructive feedback. New York, 1994). 17. E.A. Rauscher & R. Targ, The speed of Thought: REFERENCES & NOTES Investigation of a Complex Space-Time metric to 1. B.O. States, Dream Bizarreness and Inner Describe Psychic Phenomenon, journal of Thought, Dreaming: journal of the Association for Scient{fic Exploration 15, 3 (2001), pp. 331-354. the Study of Dreams 10, 4 (2000), pp. 179-] 92. 18. L. Auerbach, P~ychic Dreaming (Warner Books, 2. RM. Knudson, Significant Dreams: Bizarre or New York, 1991). Beautiful? Dreaming: journal of the Association 19. S. Hawking, Black Holes and Baky Universes and the Study ofDreams Il, 4 (2001), pp. 167-] Other Essays (Bantam Books, New York, ]993). 3. F.A. Wolf, The Dreaming Universe (Simon & 20. R.H. Abraham, A Two-Worlds Model for Schuster, New York, 1994). Consciousness, Proceedings, Subtle Energies and 4. R. Van de Casrle, Our Dreaming lvlind: The Uncharted Realms of Mind Esalen Institute (Big Hist01Y and Psychology of Dreaming (Ballantine Sur, CA, Jul, 20(0).

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