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Die Koreanischen Arbeitsmigranten in Deutschland

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Die koreanischen Arbeitsmigranten in Deutschland Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen-Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn vorgelegt von Martin Hyun aus Krefeld Bonn 2018 Forschungsschwerpunkt: Ostasiatische Geschichte Zusammensetzung der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Harald Meyer (Vorsitzender) Prof. Dr. Reinhard Zöllner (Betreuer und Gutachter) Prof. Dr. Hee-Seok Park (Gutachter) PD Dr. Albrecht Huwe (weiteres prüfungsberechtigtes Mitglied) Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17.12.2015 1 Widmung Den über 120 koreanischen Bergarbeitern, die ihr Leben in deutschen Kohlebergwerken ließen In Dankbarkeit der Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, deren Stipendium diese Arbeit ermöglichte Meinen Eltern Meiner Liebe Dani Meine Eltern ca. 1971 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis PROLOG ........................................................................................................................... 7 FORSCHUNGSDESIGN UND METHODISCHES VORGEHEN .....................................................12 TEIL 1: VORGESCHICHTE DEUTSCHE ENTWICKLUNGSHILFE .....................................................................................20 DIE ANKUNFT DER ERSTEN KOREANISCHEN BERGARBEITER ..............................................23 STAATSBESUCH 1964: PARK CHUNG-HEE IN DEUTSCHLAND .............................................29 KOREANISCHE KRANKENSCHWESTERN ............................................................................38 STAATSBESUCH 1967: BUNDESPRÄSIDENT HEINRICH LÜBKE IN KOREA ............................43 PRÄSIDENTSCHAFTSWAHLEN IN KOREA ...........................................................................52 TEIL 2: ENTFÜHRUNGSAFFÄRE DIE ENTFÜHRUNGSAFFÄRE ..............................................................................................57 DER BERGMANN KIM SUNG-CHIL ....................................................................................64 DER BERGMANN PARK SONG-OK .....................................................................................67 DER WISSENSCHAFTLICHE MITARBEITER CHONG KYU-MONG ...........................................71 DER KOMPONIST YUN I-SANG .........................................................................................75 YUN I-SANGS EINFLUSS....................................................................................................80 DIPLOMATISCHER DRUCK ................................................................................................96 DER KOREANISCHE BOTSCHAFTER VERLÄSST DEUTSCHLAND ......................................... 118 DER GERICHTSPROZESS DER ENTFÜHRUNGSAFFÄRE ....................................................... 134 TEIL 3: HOHMANN AFFÄRE DER PÄDOPHILE DEUTSCHE ENTWICKLUNGSHELFER FRITZ HOHMANN ............................ 156 AUFKLÄRUNG DER MISSBRAUCHSFÄLLE ........................................................................ 161 SCHILDERUNG DES HOHMANNEUM-SCHÜLERS CHUL ..................................................... 165 TEIL 4: KOREANISCHE ARBEITNEHMER UND DEUTSCHE UNTERNEHMEN DER DEUTSCHE UNTERNEHMER KARL H.W. TACKE ....................................................... 185 3 VERLÄNGERUNG DER AUFENTHALTS- UND ARBEITSERLAUBNISSE FÜR KOREANISCHE BERGARBEITER, DIE AUßERHALB DES BERGBAUS EINE BESCHÄFTIGUNG AUFNEHMEN 1968 ……………………………………………………………………………........................ 188 EIN TEXT FÜR KOREANISCHE FACHARBEITER ................................................................. 202 MASCHINENFABRIK AUGSBURG-NÜRNBERG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT .............................. 207 DAS ZWEITE PROGRAMM FÜR KOREANISCHE BERGARBEITER .......................................... 209 TEIL 5: KOREANISCHE KRANKENSCHWESTERN DIE ANKUNFT KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN ………………………………. .... 215 ERINNERUNGEN KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN ................................................ 220 TEIL 6: RÜCKKEHRVORBEREITUNGEN UND KEIN ANWERBESTOPP FÜR KOREANER BERUFLICHE WEITERBILDUNG KOREANISCHER FACHKRÄFTE 1972 ................................. 226 RÜCKKEHRVORBEREITUNGEN FÜR KOREANISCHE BERGARBEITER .................................. 230 VOLKSZÄHLUNG DER KOREANER IN DER BUNDESREPUBLIK ............................................ 235 KEIN ANWERBESTOPP FÜR KOREANER ........................................................................... 238 DER FALL CHUNG KYUNG-SUP ...................................................................................... 241 VERSPÄTETE RÜCKZAHLUNG DER RENTENVERSICHERUNG ............................................. 244 TEIL 7: FAMILIENNACHZUGSVERBOT FÜR KOREANISCHE KRANKENSCHWESTERN FAMILIENNACHZUGSVERBOT FÜR AUßEREUROPÄISCHES KRANKENPFLEGEPERSONAL ...... 253 SPRACHLICHE AUSBILDUNG KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN UND KRANKENSCHWESTERNHELFERINNEN ............................................................................ 257 TEIL 8: DER FALL BAD DÜRRHEIM UND INTEGRATIONSPROBLEME KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN DER FALL BAD DÜRRHEIM ............................................................................................ 265 INTEGRATIONSPROBLEME DER KOREANISCHEN KRANKENSCHWESTERN .......................... 270 TEIL 9: REISEBÜRO LÖHR AFFÄRE DER FALL REISEBÜRO LÖHR .......................................................................................... 274 4 TEIL 10: GERHARD JANZ AFFÄRE DER BEAUFTRAGTE FÜR DIE KOREANER GERHARD JANZ ................................................ 288 TODESFÄLLE UND EINWEISUNGEN UNTER KOREANISCHEN KRANKENSCHWESTERN .............. …………………………………………………………………………………………. .... 294 GERICHTSPROZESS UND URTEILSVERKÜNDUNG GERHARD JANZ ..................................... 298 TEIL 11: KOREANISCHER GEHEIMDIENST, INTEGRATIONSPROBLEME UND WEITERE ANWERBUNG KOREANISCHER BERGARBEITER DURCH DIE RUHRKOHLE AG KOREANISCHER GEHEIMDIENST VERURSACHT ÄRGER IN DER SCHACHTANLAGE WALSUM ....................................................................................................................... 301 DIE JAGD AUF KOMMUNISTEN ........................................................................................ 303 DER KOREANISCHE PFARRER CHANG SUNG-HWAN ......................................................... 305 RUHRKOHLE AG FORDERT GERINGFÜGIGE ÜBERSCHREITUNGEN BEI DER ANWERBUNG KOREANISCHER BERGARBEITER ................................................................ 307 INTEGRATIONSPROBLEME RÜCKKEHRENDER KOREANISCHER BERGARBEITER ................. 311 TEIL 12: WEITERE ANWERBUNG KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN, INTEGRATIONSPROBLEME UND KEINE VERLÄNGERUNG DER ARBEITSERLAUBNISSE DIE SCHWESTERNSCHAFT MÜNCHEN FORDERT WEITERE ANWERBUNG KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTER UND KRANKENPFLEGEHELFERINNEN ........................................... 323 ANWERBUNG VON KRANKENSCHWESTERN NUR NOCH AUS FERNOST .............................. 328 FALSCHE ANWERBEANZAHL KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN ............................. 333 KEINE VERLÄNGERUNG DER ARBEITSERLAUBNISSE FÜR KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN ................................................................................................. 337 INTEGRATIONSPROBLEME RÜCKKEHRENDER KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN ...... 342 VERLÄNGERUNG DER ARBEITSERLAUBNIS FÜR DIE LETZTEN KOREANISCHEN BERGARBEITER ...................................................................................................................................... 346 EPILOG I ....................................................................................................................... 348 EPILOG II ...................................................................................................................... 351 ANHANG I: INTERVIEWS BERGARBEITER KIM JIN-BOK ......................................................................................... 357 KRANKENSCHWESTER PARK GYEONG-SHIN .................................................................... 359 5 BERGARBEITER CHA CHEONG-HYUN .............................................................................. 360 KRANKENSCHWESTER LEE SOON-HEE ............................................................................ 361 BERGARBEITER HYUN WOO-SOO ................................................................................... 362 ANHANG II: ZEITTAFEL CHRONOLOGISCHE ZEITTAFEL ....................................................................................... 364 ANHANG III: DEUTSCH-KOREANISCHE PROGRAMME PROGRAMM ZUR BESCHÄFTIGUNG EXAMINIERTER KOREANISCHER KRANKENSCHWESTERN UND KRANKENPFLEGEHELFERINNEN IN DEUTSCHEN KRANKENHÄUSERN (1971 – 1974). .. 367 PROGRAMM ZUR VORÜBERGEHENDEN BESCHÄFTIGUNG VON KOREANISCHEN BERGARBEITERN IM WESTDEUTSCHEN STEINKOHLENBERGBAU (ERSTES ABKOMMEN 1963) …………………………………... ...................................... 379 MUSTER EINES ARBEITSVERTRAGES FÜR KOREANISCHE BERGARBEITER ......................... 385 PROGRAMM ZUR VORÜBERGEHENDEN BESCHÄFTIGUNG KOREANISCHER BERGARBEITER IM DEUTSCHEN STEINKOHLEBERGBAU (ZWEITES ABKOMMEN 1970) ……… ........................ 388 BEKANNTMACHUNG DER VEREINBARUNG ÜBER DIE ZULASSUNG KOREANISCHER BERGARBEITER ZUR VORÜBERGEHENDEN BESCHÄFTIGUNG IM DEUTSCHEN STEINKOHLEBERGBAU ….. ............................................................................................. 396 QUELLEN: VERÖFFENTLICHTE QUELLEN ........................................................................................ 398 UNVERÖFFENTLICHTE QUELLEN .................................................................................... 400 ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS ........................................................................................... 416
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