DOCSLIB.ORG

Adaptation to Pest Risks Under Future Climates in Africa : Workshop Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Adaptation to Pest Risks Under Future Climates in Africa : Workshop Report Workshop Report Adaptation to Pest Risks under Future Climates in Africa 28–30 May 2014 Kampala, Uganda RTB Workshop Report Published by the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB) Correct citation: Kroschel J., Mujica N., Carhuapoma P., Juarez H., Okonya J., Le Ru B., and Hanna R. 2014. Adaptation to Pest Risks under future Climates in Africa. Lima (Peru). CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB). RTB Workshop Report. Available online at: www.rtb.cgiar.org Contact: RTB Program Management Unit – International Potato Center - Apartado 1558, Lima 12, Peru. Tel: +5113493094; Email: [email protected] © International Potato Center on behalf of RTB Creative Commons License This Workshop Report is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/. The workshop was conducted with the active participation of scientists from the following CGIAR centers as well as from international organizations and national agricultural research systems: Workshop reports aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. DISCLAIMER: This workshop report has been prepared as an output under the RTB program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of RTB, donor agencies, or partners. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source. Supported by: 2 3 Table of Contents ACRONYMS…………………………………………………………...…...……………………...……4 ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………..…………………...……….5 ACKNOWLEDGMENT..…...……………………………………………………..……………...………5 1. WORKSHOP BACKGROUND……………………………....……………………..…………...…….6 2. WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………....……..………………6 3. METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………..…………..…………..…………6 4. WORKSHOP RESULTS………………………………………………………….....…………..…....7 4.1 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON INSECT PESTS…………………………..…..………….……..7 4.2 FRAMEWORK FOR PRA UNDER FUTURE CLIMATES……………….....…………...……………..8 4.3 THE INSECT LIFE CYCLE MODELING (ILCYM) SOFTWARE AS SUB-FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON INSECT PESTS IN PRA………..……….…..8 Characteristics of ILCYM……………………….………………………………………………..9 4.4 PEST DISTRIBUTION AND RISK ATLAS FOR AFRICA……………………………….…..………..10 Potential impact of climate change on major pests in target crops….…………..…………10 4.5 COUNTRY SYNOPSIS………………………………………………………………………………10 4.6 ADAPTATION PLANNING FOR IPM IN POTATO, MAIZE, AND CASSAVA... …………….…………13 4.6.1 Capacity building..…………………………….……………………………….……………...13 4.6.2 Regional information networks.……….………..……………………………………………13 4.6.3 Publication of the Pest Risk Atlas.…………………………………………………………..13 4.6.4 Future research needs.………………….……………………………………………………13 4.6.5 Crop-specific IPM adaptation.………….………….…………………………………………13 4.7 ADAPTATION TO PEST RISKS UNDER FUTURE CLIMATES IN AFRICA: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AN ACTION PLAN.…………….……………………………………………………………...14 5. REFERENCES.…...………………………………………………………………………………….15 6. ANNEXES.…………………….…………………………………………………….…………..…..16 Annex 1. Workshop Program.……………………………………………………………........16 Annex 2. List of Participants.……………………………………………………….……….....19 Annex 3. Table of contents of the “Pest Distribution and Risk Atlas for Africa: Potential global and regional distribution and abundance of agricultural and horticultural pests and associated biocontrol agents under current and future climates”.…………..………..20 Annex 4. Abstracts of workshop presentations on the impact of climate change on the potential range expansion and abundance of pests in selected crops…………..……… 22 Annex 5. Country synopsis of important pests……………………………………………..29 4 ACRONYMS BMZ German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development CCAFS CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research CIP International Potato Center CRP CGIAR Research Programs CRP-RTB CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas DLCO-EA Desert Locust Control Organization for Eastern Africa ERI Establishment Risk Index FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GI Generation Index GIS Geographic Information System ICIPE International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture ILCYM Insect Life Cycle Modeling (software) IPPC International Plant Protection Convention NARO National Agricultural Research Organization NARS National Agriculture Research Systems NPPO National Plant Protection Organizations PRA Pest Risk Analysis RAB Rwanda Agricultural Board 5 ABSTRACT A collaborative project, Predicting climate change induced vulnerability of African agricultural systems to major insect pests through advanced insect phenology modeling, and decision aid development for adaptation planning, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Cooperation and Development (BMZ), was implemented from 2010 to 2014 by the International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru, with its partners at the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya, and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria. The project further developed and extended the use and application of the free and open-source Insect Life Cycle Modeling (ILCYM) software. ILYCM was used to develop temperature-dependent pest phenology models for 19 important insect pests of agricultural and horticultural crops in Africa and to apply these models in Geographic Information Systems to understand better the impact of current and future climates on pest establishment, abundance, and spread potential. The objectives of the workshop were to inform stakeholders in plant health, plant quarantine, and pest management about future pest risks on global, regional, and local scales in Africa and to use this information for crop-specific adaptation planning and to define priorities in pest management. Climate change will aggravate the already serious challenges to food security and agricultural sustainability in Africa due to increasing pest problems, which was demonstrated for major pests of potato (potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella; Guatemalan potato tuber moth, Tecia solanivora; Serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis; vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae; Greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporarium); sweetpotato (Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci); maize (Spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus; Maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca; African pink borer, Sesamia calamistis); cassava (Cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti; Cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa); and fruits (Tephritid fruit fly, Bactrocera invadens). Owing to higher temperatures in future, pest incidence might also potentially decrease in certain regions. Detailed Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) results will be published in the forthcoming Pest Distribution and Risk Atlas for Africa: Potential global and regional distribution and abundance of agricultural and horticultural pests and associated biocontrol agents under current and future climates. Participants discussed crop-specific adaptation plans and proposed five major recommendations for an action plan: (1) phenology modeling and pest risk mapping, including interactions with pests’ natural enemies under current and future climates become important part of PRA implemented in the framework of International Plant Protection Convention; (2) establish a regional platform and network on pest risks under future climates, and create links and interactions with other climate change initiatives; (3) research needs identified during the workshop should be addressed in order to expand models to other major pests and to improve predictions of risks; (4) the capacity of National Plant Protection Organizations needs to be improved to adequately incorporate pest risk mapping results into adaptation planning to manage future pest risks on regional and country level; and (5) advocate for increased awareness of future pest risks under climate change and promote the inclusion of pest risk adaptation planning at country level under the relevant ministries. KEY WORDS: Pest risk analysis, pest modeling, climate change, adaptation planning, integrated pest management ACKNOWLEDGMENT We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of BMZ for the project “Predicting climate change induced vulnerability of African agricultural systems to major insect pests through advanced insect phenology modeling and decision aid development for adaptation planning” in which the framework of this stakeholder workshop was conducted. 6 1. Workshop Background Societies in Africa are highly dependent on agriculture, an activity traditionally vulnerable to unpredictable changes in climatic conditions. Any increase in temperature, caused by climate change, coupled with a decline in rainfall, will have direct and indirect drastic effects on crop production and hence food security. This will exacerbate existing vulnerabilities of the resource- constrained farmers who depend on agriculture for a living. On average, 30–50% of the yield losses in agricultural crops are caused by pests despite the application of pesticides to control them. Climate, especially temperature, has a strong and direct influence on insect pest population development and growth. A rise in temperature, due to climate change, may both
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mesostigmata No
    16 (1) · 2016 Christian, A. & K. Franke Mesostigmata No. 27 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 – 41 Acarological literature .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Publications 2016 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Publications 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Publications, additions 2014 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Publications, additions 2013 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Publications, additions 2012 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Publications, additions 2011 ......................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Isolation, Genetic Characterisation And
    The isolation, genetic characterisation and biological activity of a South African Phthorimaea operculella granulovirus (PhopGV-SA) for the control of the Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE At RHODES UNIVERSITY By MICHAEL DAVID JUKES February 2015 i Abstract The potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is a major pest of potato crops worldwide causing significant damage to both field and stored tubers. The current control method in South Africa involves chemical insecticides, however, there is growing concern on the health and environmental risks of their use. The development of novel biopesticide based control methods may offer a potential solution for the future of insecticides. In this study a baculovirus was successfully isolated from a laboratory population of P. operculella. Transmission electron micrographs revealed granulovirus-like particles. DNA was extracted from recovered occlusion bodies and used for the PCR amplification of the lef-8, lef- 9, granulin and egt genes. Sequence data was obtained and submitted to BLAST identifying the virus as a South African isolate of Phthorimaea operculella granulovirus (PhopGV-SA). Phylogenetic analysis of the lef-8, lef-9 and granulin amino acid sequences grouped the South African isolate with PhopGV-1346. Comparison of egt sequence data identified PhopGV-SA as a type II egt gene. A phylogenetic analysis of egt amino acid sequences grouped all type II genes, including PhopGV-SA, into a separate clade from types I, III, IV and V. These findings suggest that type II may represent the prototype structure for this gene with the evolution of types I, III and IV a result of large internal deletion events and subsequent divergence.
    [Show full text]
  • Typhlodromalus Aripo De Leon
    Typhlodromalus aripo De Leon (Acari: Phytoseiidae) development and reproduction on major cassava pests at different temperatures and humidities: an indication of enhanced mite resilience D.L. Mutisya, E.M. El-Banhawy, C.W. Kariuki, C.P.M. Khamala To cite this version: D.L. Mutisya, E.M. El-Banhawy, C.W. Kariuki, C.P.M. Khamala. Typhlodromalus aripo De Leon (Acari: Phytoseiidae) development and reproduction on major cassava pests at different temperatures and humidities: an indication of enhanced mite resilience. Acarologia, Acarologia, 2014, 54 (4), pp.395-407. 10.1051/acarologia/20142145. hal-01565729 HAL Id: hal-01565729 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01565729 Submitted on 20 Jul 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License ACAROLOGIA A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ [email protected] Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari.
    [Show full text]
  • Tecia Solanivora Y Symmetrischema Tangolias
    Caracterización de la actividad amilásica presente en extractos larvarios de dos polillas plagas de la papa: Tecia solanivora y Symmetrischema tangolias Patricia Mora-Criollo, Andrea Rodríguez-Guerra y Carlos A. Soria Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador [email protected] Recibido: 11, 05, 2013; aceptado: 09, 10, 2013 RESUMEN.- Las polillas Tecia solanivora y Symmetrischema tangolias (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) ocasionan daños significativos a los tubérculos de Solanum tuberosum. El objetivo de este estudio fue aislar y caracterizar bioquímicamente las amilasas presentes en los diferentes estadios larvales de estas polillas. Para efectos comparativos se extrajo las proteínas solubles de estadios larvales criados en el laboratorio para determinar espectrofotométricamente diferencias en la concentración de cada extracto. Se calculó el peso promedio de cada larva: T. solanivora resultó ser más pesada y de ella se obtuvo más proteína soluble en comparación con S. tangolias. La actividad amilásica en los extractos proteicos fue identificada mediante degradación de almidones. Extractos de los estadios IV de ambas polillas, incubados a diferentes intervalos de tiempo, presentaron actividades amilásicas diferentes, aunque resultaron bastante similares cuando se leyeron los resultados de cada extracto tarde a las 72 h. Mediante electroforesis de los extractos proteicos de las larvas de las dos especies, migraron alrededor de 11 bandas proteicas entre 225 y 10 kDa. Entre estas bandas, las amilasas fueron reconocidas en ambas especies y en los 4 estadios como bandas de 50 kDa. La(s) banda(s) probablemente isofórmicas de esta enzima aparecieron muy definidas en los estadios I y II, en contraste con las formas difusas encontradas en los estadios III y IV.
    [Show full text]
  • (Banks) on Primocane-Fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. Subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas Jessica Anne Lefors University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2018 Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane-fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas Jessica Anne LeFors University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Entomology Commons, Fruit Science Commons, Horticulture Commons, and the Plant Pathology Commons Recommended Citation LeFors, Jessica Anne, "Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane- fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2730. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2730 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane-fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology by Jessica Anne LeFors Texas Tech University Bachelor of Science in Horticulture, 2015 May 2018 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. _______________________________ Donn T. Johnson, Ph.D Thesis Director _______________________________ _______________________________ Oscar Alzate, Ph.D Terry Kirkpatrick, Ph.D Committee Member Committee Member _______________________________ Allen Szalanski, Ph.D Committee Member Abstract Worldwide, blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) are an economically important crop. In 2007, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (broad mites), were first reported damaging primocane-fruiting blackberries in Fayetteville, Arkansas.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytoseiids As Biological Control Agents of Phytophagous Mites
    PHYTOSEIIDS AS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES IN WASHINGTON APPLE ORCHARDS By REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Entomology MAY 2015 © Copyright by REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS, 2015 All Rights Reserved © Copyright by REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS, 2015 All Rights Reserved To the Faculty of Washington State University: The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. Elizabeth H. Beers, Ph.D., Chair David W. Crowder, Ph.D. Richard S. Zack, Ph.D. Thomas R. Unruh, Ph.D. Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez, Ph.D. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Dr. Elizabeth Beers for giving me the opportunity to work in her lab and for several years of exceptional mentoring. She has provided me with an excellent experience and is an outstanding role model. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Drs. Thomas Unruh, David Crowder, Nilsa Bosque-Pérez, and Richard Zack for comments on these (and other) manuscripts, and invaluable advice throughout my graduate career. Additionally, I thank the entomology faculty of Washington State University and the University of Idaho for coursework that acted as the foundation for this degree, especially Dr. Sanford Eigenbrode and Dr. James “Ding” Johnson. I also thank Dr. James McMurtry, for input on manuscripts and identification confirmation of mite specimens. I would like to acknowledge the assistance I received in conducting these experiments from our laboratory technicians, Bruce Greenfield and Peter Smytheman, my labmate Alix Whitener, and the many undergraduate technicians that helped collect data: Denise Burnett, Allie Carnline, David Gutiérrez, Kylie Martin, Benjamin Peterson, Mattie Warner, Alyssa White, and Shayla White.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal
    UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL FEDERICO VILLARREAL FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS NATURALES Y MATEMÁTICA ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE BIOLOGÍA Efecto del parasitismo de Orgilus lepidus Mues., Apanteles subandinus Blanch. y Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris Marsh. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) sobre Symmetrischema tangolias (Gyen), en tubérculos de papa Tesis para optar el título de: LICENCIADO EN BIOLOGÍA José Antonio Castillo Ticse LIMA – PERÚ 2016 Página | 1 Agradecimientos Al Centro Internacional de la Papa, por haberme dado todas las facilidades para realizar la presente tesis. Al Dr. Jurgen Kroshel, por todas las facilidades brindadas para el desarrollo de esta investigación. A la Mg.Sc. Verónica Cañedo por su paciencia, dedicación, asesoramiento y apoyo constante en el cumplimiento de mi trabajo. Al Blgo. Alfonso Lizarraga por sus buenas enseñanzas, que me sirvieron antes de alumno y me sirven hoy en el camino de mi madurez profesional. A mi madre por dominar la ciencia de la vida e instruirme tan bien para ello. También a mi padre por su preocupación. Al Ing. Jesús Alcázar y el Blgo. Octavio Zegarra. A los técnicos Francisco, Jesús, Carlos, Marcelo y Antonio por brindarme sus conocimientos, apoyo y amistad. A mi gran amigo Waldo Dávila por su amistad, compañerismo y su estupenda virtud para generar paz. A mi novia Claudia por no dejarme caer nunca en esta etapa de mi vida. Y sobre todo a Margarita, que sin su ayuda ni siquiera hubiera podido iniciar todo este largo camino. Muchas gracias abuelita. Página | 2 ÍNDICE PAG. RESUMEN…………………………………………………………………………......9 ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………...10 1. CAPITULO 1……………………………………………………………………...11 1.1. INTRODUCCIÓN…………………………………………………………...11 2. CAPITULO 2……………………………………………………………………...14 2.1. MARCO TEÓRICO…………………………………………………………14 2.1.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Identified Difficulties and Conditions for Field Success of Biocontrol
    Identified difficulties and conditions for field success of biocontrol. 4. Socio-economic aspects: market analysis and outlook Bernard Blum, Philippe C. Nicot, Jürgen Köhl, Michelina Ruocco To cite this version: Bernard Blum, Philippe C. Nicot, Jürgen Köhl, Michelina Ruocco. Identified difficulties and conditions for field success of biocontrol. 4. Socio-economic aspects: market analysis and outlook. Classical and augmentative biological control against diseases and pests: critical status analysis and review of factors influencing their success, IOBC - International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Controlof Noxious Animals and Plants, 2011, 978-92-9067-243-2. hal-02809583 HAL Id: hal-02809583 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02809583 Submitted on 6 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. WPRS International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious IOBC Animals and Plants: West Palaearctic Regional Section SROP Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Integrée contre les Animaux et les OILB Plantes Nuisibles:
    [Show full text]
  • Mine-Damaged Leaves by Phyllocnistis Citrella Stainton Provide Refuge for Phy - Toseiids on Grapefruit in Florida and Texas*
    18-Villanueva & Childers-AF:18-Villanueva & Childers-AF 11/22/11 3:50 AM Page 118 Zoosymposia 6: 118–123 (2011) ISSN 1178-9905 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zoosymposia/ ZOOSYMPOSIA Copyright © 2011 . Magnolia Press ISSN 1178-9913 (online edition) Mine-damaged leaves by Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton provide refuge for phy - toseiids on grapefruit in Florida and Texas* 1 2 1RAUL T. VILLANUEVA & CARL C. CHILDERS Texas AgriLife Extension and Texas A&M University, 2401 East Highway 83, Weslaco, TX, 78596; E-mail: [email protected] 2 University Of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Rd., Lake Alfred, FL 33850. * In: Moraes, G.J. de & Proctor, H. (eds) Acarology XIII: Proceedings of the International Congress. Zoosymposia, 6, 1–304. Abstract Damages caused by pests to leaves can indirectly affect populations of other associated arthropods. The relative abun - dance of mites was compared across young healthy leaves, mature healthy leaves and mature leaves damaged by the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, on grapefruit in Florida and Texas. The spider mite Eotetranychus sex - maculatus (Riley) (Tetranychidae) was significantly more abundant on mined leaves in Florida, whereas in Texas tetranychids were found sporadically. Predaceous phytoseiid mites (Phytoseiidae) were significantly more abundant on mature mined leaves than on mature leaves without mines. Iphiseiodes quadripilis (Banks) (n= 139), Typhlodromalus peregrinus (Muma) (n= 122) and Euseius mesembrinus (Dean) (n= 18) were the most abundant phy - toseiids in Florida; E. mesembrinus was the dominant species in Texas [>90% of identified specimens (n=13)]. Although relatively high numbers of predaceous stigmaeid mites (Stigmaeidae) were found in some occasions in Florida, they had a patchy distribution, resulting in no significant differences between mined and unmined leaf types in most sampling dates.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Phytoseiid Mites
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(2): 755-765 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2017; 5(2): 755-765 Diversity of phytoseiid mites (Acari: © 2017 JEZS Received: 10-01-2017 Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) in the agro- Accepted: 11-02-2017 ecosystems of South Gujarat, India Sanchit S Mandape Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture Sanchit S Mandape and Abhishek Shukla Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari 396450, Gujarat, India Abstract Abhishek Shukla The present study was conducted during 2014–15 and 2015-16 with the objective to explore the fauna of Department of Entomology, phytoseiid mites from different agri-horticultural crops, ornamentals, weeds, wild vegetation and leaf N.M. College of Agriculture litter at Navsari, South Gujarat, India. Overall 357 specimens of phytoseiid mites were collected from Navsari Agricultural University, different agro-ecosystems. From these specimens, 37 known species belonging to 3 subfamilies were Navsari 396450, Gujarat, India identified. Out of all 37 species proportion of Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans) specimens was the highest (18.8%) followed by Amblyseius alstoniae Gupta (14.8%) and Amblyseius finlandicus (Oudemans) (13.2%). Among different agro-ecosystems, fruit crops supported maximum numbers of species (22 species) as compared to field crops (11 species), vegetable crops (9 species), ornamental crops (9 species), narrow and broad leaf weeds (8 species) while, no phytoseiid species were recorded on wild vegetations and in leaf litter. Total 11 species were recorded from field crops, 9 species from vegetable crops, 22 species from fruit crops, 3 species from weeds and 6 species from ornamentals. Maximum numbers of species were recorded during February-March and May-June months during the survey period.
    [Show full text]
  • Prof. Dr. Ir. Patrick De Clercq Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Agrozoology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University
    Promoters: Prof. dr. ir. Patrick De Clercq Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Agrozoology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University Prof. dr. ir. Luc Tirry Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Agrozoology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University Dr. Bruno Gobin, PCS- Ornamental Plant Research Dean: Prof. dr. ir. Marc Van Meirvenne Rector: Prof. dr. Anne De Paepe Effects of temperature regime and food supplementation on the performance of phytoseiid mites as biological control agents by Ir. Dominiek Vangansbeke Thesis submitted in the fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor (PhD) in Applied Biological Sciences Dutch translation: Effecten van temperatuurregime en voedingssupplementen op de prestaties van Phytoseiidae roofmijten als biologische bestrijders Please refer to this work as follows: Vangansbeke, D. (2015) Effects of temperature regime and food supplementation on the performance of phytoseiid mites as biological control agents. Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Front and backcover photographs: Dominiek Vangansbeke ISBN-number: 978-90-5989-847-9 This study was funded by grant number 090931 from the Institute for Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT). The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium and partly at PCS-Ornamental Plant Research, Schaessestraat 18, 9070 Destelbergen, Belgium The author and promoters give permission to use this study for consultation and to copy parts of it for personal use only. Every other use is subject to the copyright laws. Permission to reproduce any material should be obtained from the author. Table of content List of abbreviations ..........................................................................................................................i Scope and thesis outline .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in the UK
    Establishment potential of non-native glasshouse biological control agents, with emphasis on Typhlodromips montdorensis (Schicha) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in the UK by Ian Stuart Hatherly A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Biosciences The University of Birmingham September 2004 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Typhlodromips montdorensis is a non-native predatory mite used for control of red spider mite and thrips, but is not yet licensed for use in the UK. Current legislation requires that non-native glasshouse biological control agents may not be introduced into the UK without a risk assessment of establishment potential outside of the glasshouse environment. This work focuses on the application of a recently developed protocol to assess the establishment potential of T. montdorensis in the UK. Further, the use of alternative prey outside the glasshouse by, Macrolophus caliginosus is examined, and interactions between Neoseiulus californicus, Typhlodromus pyri and T. montdorensis are investigated. Laboratory results demonstrate that T. montdorensis has a developmental threshold of 10.7°C, lacks cold tolerance and is unable to enter diapause when tested under two different regimes.
    [Show full text]